资源简介

(共116张PPT)
外研版七年级英语下册 Unit 5 Amazing nature
本单元以“自然奇观”为话题，旨在引导学生探索世界上的一些自然 奇观。通过各项语言活动，学生能够掌握多个核心自然奇观词汇、熟练 运用比较级和最高级描述自然奇观。此外，学生还能通过制作自然奇观 海报，理解大自然的重要性，学会尊重、保护大自然。
结构目标：
1. 学习与“自然奇观”相关的词汇表达。
2. 学习比较级和最高级的用法。
3. 学习制作自然奇观海报。
功能目标：
1. 能够用英语谈论与“自然奇观”有关的话题。
2. 能够用比较级和最高级描述自然奇观。
3. 能够理解大自然的重要性，学会尊重大自然。
1. It is famous for the world s highest mountain. 它因拥有世界上最高 的山脉而闻名。
此句中，highest是形容词high的最高级。最高级的用法如下：
①含义：当对三者或三者以上的人或事物进行比较，表示“最……”的 含义时，要用形容词或副词的最高级形式。形容词最高级前面需要加定 冠词the，副词最高级前的the可以省略。如：Mike is the most talented in music in our class. 在我们班，迈克是最有音乐天赋的。 She sings （the） most beautifully. 她唱得最动听。
②构成：
规则变化：
分类 构成方式 例词
单音 节词 和少 数双 音节 词 一般情况 在词尾加 est quiet→quietest slow→slowest
以字母e结尾的词 在词尾加 st large→largest late→latest
以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的词 先双写该辅 音字母，再 加 est thin→thinnest big→biggest
以“辅音字母 + y”结尾 的词 先变y为i， 再加 est easy→easiest early→earliest
大部分双音节词和多音节词 在词前加 most useful→most useful
quickly→most quickly
续表
不规则变化：good/well→best, bad/ill/badly→worst, little→least, many/much→most, old→oldest/eldest, far→farthest/furthest等。
③常用句型结构：
1）“主语 + be + the + 形容词最高级”或“主语 + 实义动词 （+ the） + 副词最高级”：意为“……是最……的”。如：Tom is the tallest in his class. 汤姆是他班里个子最高的。I jump （the） farthest of all the students. 我是 所有学生当中跳得最远的。
注意：在表示最高级的句子中常含有表示比较范围的in, of或among 的介词短语。in后一般接表示地点、组织、时间等的单数名词；of后一 般接表示具体数量或同类事物的复数名词或代词；among 后一般接表示 三者或以上群体的复数名词或代词，与of有时可互换。
2）“疑问词（组） + be + the + 形容词最高级 + A, B or C？”或“疑问 词（组） + 助动词 + 主语 +动词原形 （+ the） + 副词最高级 + A, B or C？”：意为“A，B和C中，哪个最……？”。如：Which country is the largest, China, Brazil or Canada？ 哪一个国家最大，中国、巴西还是加拿 大？ Which season do you like （the） best, spring, summer or autumn？ 你最喜欢哪一个季节，春季、夏季还是秋季？
3）“the + 序数词 + 形容词最高级 + 名词”：意为“第几最……的”。 如：The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国的第 二长河。
2. The colour white meets your eyes all around. 白色随处可见。
（1）meet one s eyes的基本用法如下：
①意为“映入眼帘”：指某物进入视野，主语通常是看到的景象或事 物，强调视觉上的直接感知。如：Standing on the city wall, an astonishing view met my eyes. 站在城墙上，令人惊叹的风景映入了我的 眼帘。
②意为“与某人目光相遇”：指眼神的直接接触，主语通常是人，强 调眼神的交流。如：She was afraid to meet my eye. 她不敢正眼看我。
（2）all around作副词短语，意为“到处；四周”，强调在某个范围 内的所有地方。如：The children were playing all around the park. 那些孩 子在公园里到处玩耍。
辨析：all around与all over
all around通常用于具体地点或空间范围，侧重“在周围；四处”，强 调围绕某中心的周围。 如：She felt a pain all around her waist after the accident. 那场事故发生后，她感到腰间一阵疼痛。
all over 侧重“遍及各处；到处”，强调范围广，它不仅可以用于具体 地点，还可以用于抽象概念。如：This toy robot is the latest craze all over the world. 这种玩具机器人最近风靡全世界。
注意：在表示“全世界”时，两者常可互换，但细微差别在于：all around the world表示以某一点为中心，向四周扩散，而all over the world 表示遍及全世界，无中心而言。
3. The plateau is quieter than the big cities. 这个高原比那些大城市更 安静。
此句中，quieter是形容词quiet的比较级。比较级表示“更……”，用 于两者之间的比较，说明“前者比后者更……”。
①形容词的比较级的变化规则：
分类 构成方法 例词
单音节词和少数双音节词 通常在词尾加 er small→smaller long→longer
以字母e结尾的形容词直接在词尾加 r nice→nicer close→closer
以重读闭音节结尾的形容词，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该字母，再加 er big→bigger hot→hotter
以“辅音字母 + y” 结尾的形容词，先变 y 为 i，再加 er happy→happier easy→easier
多音节词和多数 双音节词 在单词前面加more beautiful→more beautiful
dangerous→more dangerous
续表
不规则变化： good→better, bad/ill→worse, little→less, many/much→more, far→farther/further等。
②形容词的比较级的常用句型结构：
1）“A + be + 形容词比较级 + than + B. ”：意为“A比B……”。如：Tom is taller than Kate. 汤姆比凯特高。
2）“A + be + 倍数 + 形容词比较级 + than + B. ”：意为“A比B（在某方 面）……几倍”。如：This room is three times bigger than that one. 这个房 间是那个房间的三倍大。
3）“疑问词 + be + 形容词比较级, A or B？”：意为“A和B哪个 更……？” 如：Which is bigger, the earth or the moon？ 哪一个更大，地球 还是月球？
4. In my heart, it s better than any other place. 在我心里，它比其他任何地方都好。
此句中，better是形容词good的比较级。但此处是使用比较级 来表达最高级含义，相当于“In my heart, it s the best place.”。其 典型结构为“比较级 + than + any other + 可数名词单数”，意为“比其 他任何一个……都……”，强调在同一范围内作比较。如：China is larger than any other country in Asia. = China is the largest country in Asia. 中国是亚洲最大的国家。
比较级表达最高级的其他常用句型结构：
①“比较级 + than + the other + 复数名词”：意为“比其他所有…… 都……”，强调在同一范围内作比较，与“比较级 + than + any other + 可数 名词单数”语义相近，可替换。如：She is smarter than the other students in her group. = She is the smartest student in her group. 她是她小组里最聪 明的学生。
②“比较级 + than + any + 可数名词单数” ：意为“比任何……都……”， 强调在不同范围内作比较。如：China is larger than any country in Africa. 中国比非洲的任何国家都大。
③否定词与比较级连用可表达最高级的含义。如：—What do you think of the movie？ 你认为这部电影怎么样？　—Great！ I have never seen a better one. 棒极了！我从没看过（比这）更好的电影。
5. I m proud to say that I m from one of the most beautiful places in the world. 我为自己来自世界上最美丽的地方之一而感到骄傲。
（1）proud作形容词，意为“自豪的；骄傲的”，其用法如下：
①作表语：常与系动词连用，表示主语的情感状态。如：He felt proud to be part of the team. 他为成为团队的一员感到自豪。
②作定语：修饰名词，意为“骄傲的；引以为荣的”。如：a proud moment 一个骄傲的时刻，a proud tradition 一个光荣传统。
③固定搭配：
be proud of：意为“为某人或某事感到自豪”。如：We are proud of our country. 我们为我们的国家感到自豪。
be proud to do sth：意为“因做某事而感到自豪”。如：She is proud to be a teacher. 她为成为一名教师感到自豪。
proud + that从句：意为“对……感到骄傲”。如：He is proud that he succeeded. 他为自己的成功感到骄傲。
（2）one of the most beautiful places意为“最美丽的地方之一”，其 结构为“主语 + be + one of + the + 形容词/副词最高级 + 名词复数”。此结 构用于表达“某事物属于某一类中最突出的成员之一”。如：This novel is one of the best selling books of the decade. 这本小说是近十年最畅销的书 籍之一。
one of后还可接可数名词的复数形式，表示在一个整体的范围内其 中的一个。同时，当“one of + 复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词通常用单 数形式。如：One of my friends is good at playing the piano. 我的一个朋友 擅长弹钢琴。如果后面接定语从句，从句的谓语动词通常用复数。如： He is one of the students who are late. 他是迟到的学生中的一员。（从句 修饰“students”）但当主句中出现 the only one，强调“唯一的一个”时， 从句修饰的是“the only one”，所以从句动词用单数。如：He is the only one of the students who is late. 他是这些学生中唯一一个迟到的。（从句 修饰“the only one”）
6. But when the tides come, the water runs much faster. 但当潮水来临 时，水流就快多了。
（1）tide在句中作名词，意为“海潮；潮汐”，指自然现象。如： The boat left at high tide. 那艘船在涨潮时离开了。Strong tides make swimming dangerous. 汹涌的潮水使游泳变得危险。
tide的其他用法如下：
①tide作名词时，还可意为“潮流；趋势”。如：We must resist the tide of consumerism. 我们必须抵制消费主义浪潮。The tide of public opinion is changing. 舆论风向正在转变。
②tide也可作动词，常出现在短语tide over中，意为“帮助某人渡过 （困难时期）”。如：His encouragement tided our team over the hardest part of the game. 他的鼓励帮助我们队渡过了比赛最艰难的部分。
（2）此句中，faster是副词fast的比较级。
①副词的比较级的变化规则：
分类 构成方法 例词
单音节词和少 数双音节词 通常在词尾加 er fast→faster hard→harder
以字母e 结尾的副词，直 接在词尾加 r late→later
以“辅音字母 + y” 结尾的副词，先变 y 为 i，再加 er early→earlier
多音节词和多 数双音节词 在单词前加 more carefully→more carefully
quickly→more quickly
不规则变化： well→better, badly→worse, little→less, much→more等。
②副词的比较级的常用句型结构：
1） “A + 实义动词 + 副词比较级 + than + B. ”：意为“A比 B……”。如：I got up earlier than my mother this morning. 今天早晨 我起得比我妈妈早。
2） “A + 实义动词 + 倍数 + 副词比较级 + than + B. ”：意为“A比B （在某方面）……几倍”。如：After practice, she plays the piano three times more smoothly than before. 经过练习，她弹钢琴比之前流畅三倍。
3）“疑问词（组） + 实义动词 + 副词比较级, A or B？” ：意为“A和B 哪个更……？”如：Who draws better, Jenny or Danny？ 谁画得比较好，珍 妮还是丹尼？
　书面表达
某学校举行“保护木兰溪”的主题活动，现向全体同学征文。请根据 表格提示写一篇短文。
How to Protect the Mulan River Introduction: one of, long history, mother river, run through, 105 kilometres, ...
Importance: provide, drinking water, daily life, fish, ...
Protection measures（措施）: save water, bath, brush teeth, waste, throw... into..., ...
要求：
1. 以上要点都要使用；
2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
3. 词数：80左右，标题已给出，不计入总词数。
1. 总体分析：①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；②时态： 时态以“一般现在时”为主；③提示：写作要点已给出，学生应注意不要 遗漏，适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。2. 写作步骤：第一步，开门见 山，引出话题，介绍木兰溪；第二步，具体阐述写作内容，主要围绕 “木兰溪的重要性”以及“保护木兰溪的具体措施”展开，适当补充，丰富 细节；第三步，书写结语，提出保护木兰溪的倡议。3. 亮点词汇：① one of...
How to Protect the Mulan River
……的其中之一；②be known as被认为是；③provide sb with sth给某人提 供某物；④play an important role in在……中发挥着重要作用；⑤do one s best to do sth尽全力做某事；⑥for example例如；⑦turn off关闭； ⑧throw... into...把……扔进……里；⑨take action to do sth采取行动做某事。 4. 高分句型：①For example, turn off the tap when brushing teeth or taking a bath.（动词原形开头的祈使句）②Let s take action now to keep our river clean！（let引导的祈使句）
　
How to Protect the Mulan River
The Mulan River is one of our most important rivers. It has a long history and is known as our “mother river”. It runs through our city for about 105 kilometres.
The river provides us with drinking water and plays an important role in our daily lives. Many people also fish there. So we must do our best to protect it. We can help by saving water. For example, turn off the tap when brushing teeth or taking a bath. Also, never throw waste into the river.
Let s take action now to keep our river clean！
　本题是一篇命题作文，要求以“How to Protect the Mulan River”为题写短文，介绍木兰溪的重要性及保护措施等。学生在 写作时，可能会出现以下问题：
内容方面
①要点遗漏：题目明确要求使用给定的所有要点，这些要点涵盖了 木兰溪的介绍（如它是有悠久历史的母亲河，贯穿某地，长度为105千 米等）、重要性（提供饮用水、对日常生活的作用、渔业相关等）、保 护措施[节水（洗澡、刷牙），不乱扔废物等]。若遗漏其中任何一点， 都会导致内容不完整，无法满足题目要求，进而失分。
②要点拓展不足：虽然使用了要点，但只是简单罗列，没有适当增 加细节。比如在阐述保护措施时，只是提到“save water”，却没有进一步 说明在洗澡、刷牙等具体场景中如何节水，使得文章内容空洞，缺乏说 服力。
语言表达方面
①词汇拼写错误：在描述木兰溪的重要性和保护措施时，可能会出 现一些关键词汇的拼写错误。如“provide”“drinking water”“throw... into...” 等词，一旦拼写错误，会影响表达的准确性。
②语法错误：包括但不限于主谓不一致、时态错误、词性误用等。 比如在描述木兰溪的历史和现状时，时态使用混乱；或者将名词误用作 动词等情况。如：“The Mulan River provides us with drinking water.”中， “provide”应使用第三人称单数形式“provides”。
③中式英语表达：受中文思维影响，写出一些不符合英语表达习惯 的句子。比如按照中文语序直接翻译，导致句子结构混乱。如：“木兰 溪是我们的母亲河，它贯穿我们的城市”可能错误表达为“Mulan River is our mother river, it run through our city.”，正确表达应为“The Mulan River, our mother river, runs through our city.”。
格式与结构方面
①字数不符：要求词数80左右，若词数过少，可能要点阐述不充 分，无法将木兰溪的重要性和保护措施等内容详细说明；词数过多，一 方面可能会超出规定时间，另一方面也容易出现更多错误，且可能会让 文章显得拖沓。
②行文连贯性差：即使要点都有涉及，但如果只是简单罗列，没有 使用适当的连接词或过渡句使行文连贯，文章会显得生硬，缺乏逻辑 性。如：在从介绍木兰溪的重要性过渡到保护措施时，没有合理的衔 接，会让读者感觉内容跳跃。此时可以使用“Therefore, in order to protect this precious river, we should take the following measures.”这样的 过渡句来增强连贯性。
书写与卷面方面
①书写不规范：字母的大小写、单词间距、标点符号使用不规范。 如：句子开头字母未大写，标点符号该用英文格式却用了中文格式等。
②卷面不整洁：修改时胡涂乱改，导致卷面不整洁。
presents
brightly
softer　
calmest
scientist
6. Smartphones are the （common） communication tools among young people.
7. Their aim is to raise a million （pound） to help the homeless.
8. When I came into the room, I found my dog （lie） on the desk.
9. Helping others is one of the good （behaviour） we should have.
10. It s windy and （cloud） here now. Maybe it s going to rain this afternoon.
most common
pounds
lying
behaviours
cloudy
Ⅱ. 根据中文提示完成句子
1. My parents are （自豪的） of my good grades.
2. The water cycle moves water from the （陆地） to the sky.
3. Here is a nature magazine. It can help you know more about （冰 川）.
4. Ancient people used to build houses using simple materials, like stone and （木材）.
5. Please read the story （出声地） so that everyone can hear.
proud
land
glaciers
wood
aloud
6. The Dead Sea is the lowest point on the （表面） of the earth.
7. Blue skies, green （草原） and snowy mountains are all our treasures.
8. The expression on her face （暗示） that she is lying.
9. You can try some local dishes at that small （餐馆） downtown.
10. There are many beautiful （高原） in Xizang.
surface
grasslands
suggests
restaurant
plateaus
Ⅲ. 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次
nation　salt　little　few　develop　run through
1. Spending time on screens and more time outdoors can help you stay healthy.
2. The more carefully you check, the mistakes you will make.
3. The Great Wall is a symbol of China.
4. A clear stream the forest, providing water for all the animals.
5. The rice burnt and the dish was too . What a terrible meal！
6. Thanks to the of mobile payment, we don t need to carry cash.
less
fewer
national
runs through
salty
development
Ⅳ. 完形填空
Hi, humans. I m a little fish from a（n） 　1　 in the south of the earth. Our home was clean and beautiful many years ago. The water was clear like 　2　 glass and colourful flowers grew around the coast. 　3　 now, everything is different. Our ocean is in a mess（脏乱）. Plastic bags, bottles and other rubbish 　4　 the surface of it. The once clean water is now very dirty and smells bad, making it hard for 　5　 to live. Some old fish give suggestions to us—we can try our best to 　6　 our home or just move away.
We try hard to clean the ocean. We collect waste 　7　 rocks and carry it away, but it is too 　8　, and more rubbish keeps coming. Many families decide to move to the north. But the fact is that water in the north may also be 　9　.
We all 　10　 our future. My sister has bad health problems. My cousin finds white things growing on his tail. What hurts most is seeing human boats throw bags and boxes into our 　11　 after parties.
Dear humans, could you develop good habits？ Please don t throw litter into rivers that 　12　 get to us. When visiting the ocean, please 　13　 your litter and take it away after enjoying yourselves. These little things from you can make a big 　14　. Thank you for listening to me and I hope the ocean will smile 　15　.
A
D
C
B
A
C
B
B
A
C
D
D
C
A
B
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
Rainforests cover six percent of the earth s surface. There are rainforests in many parts of the world, but the biggest rainforests are in South America, Africa and Southeast Asia. There aren t many rainforests in Europe or North America.
About 75 percent of animals live in rainforests. There are many beautiful birds, insects and so on. Many of them live in the trees, over 30 metres from the ground. There are also thousands of different plants. Lots of them are tall trees！ It is always hot in rainforests and the ground is always wet. It is also very dark there.
Rainforests are very important for us. We need them！ The trees and other plants in the rainforests help make the air clean. They also help regulate（调节） the climate. They give us wood, rubber, fruits and the ingredients for many of our medicines.
Unfortunately, in many places, rainforests are in danger. For example, many years ago, there was a large rainforest in Java, but now there is almost nothing left. The same thing is happening now in many other parts of the world. We can never imagine a world without rainforests. If rainforests disappeared from the earth, we wouldn t find any trees, flowers or fruits. What s more, we wouldn t get clean air and we wouldn t find any animals. The worst result would be that we wouldn t find any humans. It s time to take action to save rainforests.
A. The animals. B. The birds.
C. The insects. D. The plants.
A. Thousands of different plants in rainforests are all tall trees.
B. It s cool in rainforests and the ground is always wet.
C. Rainforests can t provide us with clean air and stable weather.
D. Rainforests in many parts of the world are disappearing.
A
D
A. Reasons for rainforests being in danger.
B. Ways to protect rainforests.
C. Actions to plant more tall trees.
D. Results of losing rainforests.
B
A. In a travel guide.
B. In a storybook.
C. In a nature magazine.
D. In a dictionary.
C
Ⅵ. 任务型阅读
阅读下面短文，从方框中所给的A—G七个选项中选出正确的选项 （其中有两项是多余选项）。
Mount Siguniang or Mount Four Sisters is located in Sichuan Province, China. The mountain gets its name from its four peaks（山峰） close to each other. It is said that four lovely girls protected people from monsters. 1. The snowy mountains are the hardest for those who would like to climb.
Out of the four sisters, the youngest one is the Yaomei Peak. 2. Brave climbers from all over the world are trying to climb it. There is lots of ice on the southern side and at the foot of the mountain. 3.
G
D
F
Dafeng Peak is 5,025 metres high and is at the bottom part of Mount Siguniang. It has strange rocks above 4,000 metres. 4. It is the easiest peak to climb.
Next to Dafeng Peak is Erfeng Peak, which is 5,276 metres high. Its top is always covered with snow. In summer, it looks beautiful with green trees and grass.
Sanfeng Peak is in the middle and rises to 5,335 metres. There is always some mist（雾） on the top of it. 5.
B
A
Besides the four famous peaks, Mount Siguniang also has lots of other mountains ready for us to find.
A. And this makes it look pretty and special.
B. However, there are flower forests below that.
C. They want to become more and more beautiful.
D. Rising up to 6,247.8 metres, it is the highest of them all.
E. Because the peak is close to the north of the mountain.
F. So far, only a small number of people have reached the top of the Yaomei Peak.
G. Unluckily, they were turned into four special white snowy mountains.
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
The Eye of the Sahara is one of the earth s most amazing natural wonders. It s a special place in the desert of Mauritania, Africa. Looking from the sky, it looks like a huge, bright eye！ It is as large as 500 football fields. The Eye of the Sahara looks like a big round pizza with different coloured parts.
How was it formed？ Millions of years ago, the ground under the sand started to rise up. Then, wind and rain slowly wore away the soft rocks, leaving the hard ones behind. Over time, these hard rocks formed the beautiful circles we see today. From above, you can count about 10 round circles. Each one has a different colour. The biggest circle is on the outside, with smaller ones inside.
But the Eye of the Sahara is in trouble. The desert is very dry and sandstorms often blow over it. The sand can make the rocks difficult to see. Also, not many people know about this amazing place because it s far from big cities.
What can we do to help？ Scientists are studying the Eye of the Sahara to find ways to conserve the rocks against sand. Some people also suggest building a small road or a simple visitor centre nearby. This way, more tourists can come and see the Eye of the Sahara.
A. A football field. B. A bright star.
C. A colourful pizza. D. A deep ocean.
A. They are all the same size.
B. The smallest circle is in the centre.
C. Each circle has the same colour.
D. There are about 8 round circles.
C
B
A. Because it s too small to find.
B. Because it s far from big cities.
C. Because it s always full of water.
D. Because it s too hot to get there.
A. Climb. B. Hike. C. Develop. D. Protect.
B
D
A. To talk about dangerous sandstorms.
B. To tell how to build a visitor centre.
C. To compare different deserts in Africa.
D. To describe a natural wonder and the challenges it faces.
D
B
Butterflies are among the most beautiful insects on our planet. Their colourful wings, flying from one flower to another, bring fun to people of all ages. However, they are in big trouble now. Since 2000, the number of butterflies has dropped by almost a quarter.
Collin Edwards, who works at the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, led a study on this worrying situation. Volunteers play an important role in understanding the situation. They love butterflies and help monitor them. Monitoring here means carefully watching and taking notes of their numbers, living places and behaviours. This helps scientists like Edwards find out what s going on.
Three main things are causing the number of butterflies to reduce. First, their homes are disappearing. As cities grow and forests are cut down, butterflies homes are destroyed. Second, pesticides（杀虫剂） are a big problem. Pesticides are used to kill harmful insects, but they also harm butterflies and other helpful insects. Third, climate change is making things worse. The earth is getting warmer. This changes the places where butterflies can live. Some of the plants they depend on might die because of the warmer climate.
　▲　 A simple way is to plant flowers. They are good for butterflies in our gardens. These flowers not only provide butterflies with food but also offer them a safe place. We can also tell people to use fewer pesticides and protect butterflies living places. By doing these things, we can help save the butterflies.
A. B.
C. D.
B
A. To sell butterflies to scientists.
B. To train butterflies to live in cities.
C. To catch and collect butterflies for research.
D. To record their numbers, living places and behaviours.
D
A. By listing causes and explaining each one.
B. By telling a story about beautiful butterflies.
C. By describing different events in time order.
D. By comparing butterflies with other insects.
A
A. Planting flowers is the only way to save butterflies.
B. Protecting butterflies requires global government action.
C. There is something we can do to help protect butterflies.
D. Scientists have already solved the butterfly population crisis.
C
Ⅱ. 任务型阅读
阅读下面短文，从方框中所给的A—E五个选项中选出正确的选 项（其中有一项是多余选项），将其序号填入第1—4小题，并回答 第5小题。
Most of Greenland（格陵兰岛） is white because it s covered with snow and ice, which is different from what it s called. A special canyon（峡 谷） was found there.
1. Under all that snow and ice lies a rocky world. And the Greenland Grand Canyon is right there.
D
In 2013, a group of scientists were studying the environment in Greenland. They were using special tools to look for the rocks deep below the ice. 2. The canyon starts in the central part of the island and runs north to the Arctic Ocean（北冰洋）.
The canyon runs for at least 750 kilometres and is 800 metres deep. It is longer than any other canyon on the earth and is nearly as deep as the Grand Canyon in the United States. 3.
B
E
How was the Greenland Grand Canyon formed？ There are two possible ways. The first is that the canyon was formed by huge ice. When ice slowly moved across the land, it cut the surface and created deep holes. 4. For the last two million years, the world s temperatures have gone up and down many times. When they go up, a lot of water melts（融化） from Greenland s ice and flows into the ocean. This huge volume of water formed the long deep canyon.
The discovery of the Greenland Grand Canyon is quite surprising. The canyon also helps scientists understand the history of Greenland.
C
A. The Greenland Grand Canyon has beautiful scenery.
B. While doing this, they found one of the world s largest canyons.
C. The other is that the canyon was formed by huge rivers in the past.
D. In some parts of Greenland, the ice goes two miles into the ground.
E. Because of its size, it has been named the “Grand Canyon of Greenland”.
5. If the world s temperatures keep going up, what do you think will happen to the Greenland Grand Canyon？ （Answer within 20 words）
Maybe more ice will melt and the canyon may become deeper. （言之有理 即可）
Ⅲ. 完形填空
The Hukou Waterfall: Water Falls from the Sky
The Hukou Waterfall is the largest yellow waterfall in the world. It is also the second largest waterfall in China, next to the Huangguoshu Waterfall in Guizhou Province.
From its headwaters in Qinghai Province, the Yellow River 　1　 all the way to the east and finally into the sea. It carries Chinese history and civilisation（文明） of more than 5,000 years, so it is often 　2　 as China s “Mother River”.
As it flows through Hukou Village, the river sharply narrows from 500 metres 　3　 to only about 30 metres. The calm water suddenly falls down into a deep pool, 　 4　 thousands of wild horses run forward wildly. As a result, a wonderful waterfall 　5　. It seems that the water pours down from a big teapot, so the waterfall gets the name Hukou—meaning “the 　6　 of a teapot” in Chinese.
The falling water brings huge smoke and clouds, with colour 　7　 from yellow to grey, grey to blue. People 　8　 this heart shaking sight “Smoke from the River”. There is also a stone under the waterfall. It moves up and down 　9　 the falling water. It is not seen all the time as the water is always changing, so it is 　10　 guishi, meaning the “mysterious stone”.
Throughout history, lots of poets and painters travelled here. They admired the 　11　 view and left numerous works about the great waterfall. 　12　 them, Li Bai s poem Invitation to Wine（《将进酒》） may be the best known. It says, “Don t you see the Yellow River coming from the sky, 　13　 the sea and never coming back？”
There are many wonders at the Hukou Waterfall, 　14　 “Smoke from the River” “Boats on Land” and “Rainbows in the Sunshine”. April and October are the best times to 　15　 the Hukou Waterfall. Why？ Because the water is full！
B
A
C
C
D
A
B
D
C
A
D
C
B
D
B
Ⅳ. 词汇运用
A. 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次。
snake　long　landscape　appear　rain　such as
The Amazon River begins in the Andes Mountains in Peru. It has an amazing 1. . It travels about 6,400 kilometres to the Atlantic Ocean. It is the largest river in the world. It is also the second 2. . Most of the Amazon s water comes from rain. During every 3. season, parts of the river are 190 kilometres wide. The Amazon River goes through the world s largest rainforest—the Amazon Rainforest. It is home to the largest number of plant and animal species on the earth. There are 2.5 million kinds of insects. At least 3,000 kinds of fish and one fifth of all the bird species in the world live there.
landscape
longest
rainy
Some of the Amazon Rainforest s animals are dangerous, 4. the anaconda（水蟒）, the largest 5. in the world, but there are also gentle animals, like the sloth（树懒） and the pink dolphin.
The Amazon Rainforest is very important to the earth. There are still many kinds of animals and plants there that we don t know about. If we lose the Amazon Rainforest, a big part of life on the earth will 6. , too.
such as
snake
disappear
B. 阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给的汉语注释写出单词的正确形 式，每空一词。
Achill Island of Ireland has beautiful 7. （山） and clean beaches. Something unusual happened there in 1984. One morning, the people living there were shocked. They discovered that their beach disappeared during the night, leaving behind just rocks. For years after that, only a little sand returned and 8. （更少的） tourists went there than they used to. 9. （失去） so many visitors meant that many hotels and 10. （餐馆） had to close. The influence of this was felt by everyone in the small community.
mountains
fewer
Losing
restaurants
Then, in 2017, something unbelievable happened. One morning, people found that their beach returned and the rocks were once again covered with 11. （柔软的） golden sand！ 12. （科学家） from an Irish university 13. （提供） a possible explanation. He said that the amount（数量） of sand under the sea near the beach slowly rose. Then, during a period of strong winds and powerful 14. （波 浪）, most of it was carried to the shore（岸边）.
soft
Scientists
provided
waves
The people of the island were of course pleased to have their beach back and for some time, it interested hundreds of visitors. Tourists wanted to see the power of nature themselves. People in the area were also hopeful that the beach would 15. （鼓励） surfers to return to the area, making it a popular holiday place again. At first, however, people were advised against going into the sea. No one was sure whether it was completely safe.
Later, a special type of seaweed—a plant that grows in the sea, but is traditionally used to help rice grow—appeared on the beach. The local people are hopeful that now the sand is finally here to stay.
encourage
largest
got
finally
kinds
for
getting
In the northwest of Hongze Lake, there is a nature reserve. It is the National Nature Reserve of Hongze Lake Wetland. It was first built 7. 1st July, 1985. The reserve has 8. area of 49,365 hectares（亩）. It is home to many birds. There are swans, cranes 9. other rare and protected birds, which are classified as national first class and second class species. It offers these birds homes to live in. Every year, a lot of 10. （tour） come here to watch these birds and many wildlife lovers come to take photos.
on
an
and
tourists
Ⅵ. 书面表达
丰富多彩的暑假生活即将开始，除了复习功课，预习新知，参加 社会劳动之外，游学也是重要的一部分。而说到游学，最让人期待的莫 过于沿途的风景了。你认为最美丽的自然景观是哪里呢？请根据导图， 向同学介绍一下。
要求：
1. 要点全面，语句通顺，意思连贯，书写规范；
2. 词数：80左右。首句已给出，不计入总词数。
The lake looks like a huge blue mirror under the sun. Surrounding it are green grasslands and colourful wildflowers in summer. Flocks of seagulls fly over the water, making it even more lively.
I like it because the air there is fresh and the view is peaceful. It helps me forget tiredness from study and feel close to nature. It s really a wonderful place to visit during summer vacation！
Qinghai Lake. It
lies in Qinghai Province, in the northwest of China.
Ⅰ. 完形填空
The sun is shining and the birds are singing around. On such a 　1　 morning, a UFO lands in a forest. A boy called Bill is just 　2　 it behind a tree.
Suddenly, a tall alien（外星人） comes out of the UFO. He starts picking up 　3　. One by one, he takes photos of them with a camera. When he 　4　, he puts the flowers into a large box.
The alien thinks he sees something move and asks, “Is anybody there？” Bill doesn t answer.
The alien 　5　 the looker and sees the boy behind the trees. “Oh, there is someone. Hello！” the alien says. “It s all right. You can come closer.”
“What are you doing？” Bill asks.
“I m 　6　 flowers,” the alien says.
“Flowers？ For what？” asks Bill.
“I m going to take them back to my planet（行星）,” says the alien.
“Aren t there any flowers on 　7　？” asks Bill.
No. Our planet hasn t had flowers for a long time,” the alien says 　8　. “We have too much rubbish and we cut down too many trees, 　9　 now it looks like a desert. There is almost no water any more. All of the 　10　 that once lived on our planet are gone.”
“That s terrible,” says Bill. “Is anyone doing 　11　 about it？”
“Yes... That s 　12　 I m here and we want to find plants from other planets. We use them to learn about water. I believe someday water will 　13　 to our planet.”
“Wow,” Bill says. “What s the 　14　 of your planet？”
“It s called Rozul,” the alien says. “Long ago, it was very beautiful. If we work hard, someday Rozul will be 　15　 again.” And then the alien goes back to the UFO. Bill says goodbye as the UFO slowly goes up into the air and flies away.
A
C
B
A
D
B
A
C
C
A
D
B
D
C
D
Ⅱ. 阅读理解
Napoga is a 12 year old girl in Ghana, Africa. It is hard for her family to get clean water. Every morning, she leaves home at half past five to get clean water for her family in a village far away. It takes her six hours to get enough clean water for daily cooking and drinking. She has no time to go to school or to play with her friends. Millions of people in the world are like Napoga. They can t get enough clean water to keep healthy.
Earth Day is on 22 April, but we must remember its importance every day. The water we use is the most important natural resource on the earth.
Water covers 70% of the earth s surface, but most of that is seawater, which we can t use for many things. In fact, the fresh water we can easily use is very little.
You probably feel lucky that your life isn t as hard as Napoga s. But that doesn t mean you don t have to worry about water. We all face serious water problems. One of them is water pollution. Waste from cars, factories, farms and homes makes our rivers, lakes and oceans dirty. Polluted water is very unsafe for people to drink. And dirty water is bad for fish, too. Now, lots of fish are dying out.
How do cars and factories make our water dirty？ First, they pollute the air. Then, when it rains, the rainwater comes down and makes our drinking water dirty. This dirty rain, called acid rain（酸雨）, is also bad for plants, animals and buildings.
Scientists say that in 30 years, more than half of the people in the world won t have enough clean water. We have to learn how to save more water for ourselves and our children. Here is some advice for saving water:
●Turn off the water while you brush your teeth. You can save as much as 450 litres each month.
●Leaky taps（漏水的龙头） waste a lot of water. Fix them right away！
●You can easily cut your 30 minute showers in half—and you ll be just as clean.
●When you wash dishes, don t let the water run.
●Only wash clothes when you have a lot to wash. If your washing machine isn t full, you re wasting water！
A. before she went to school
B. after she finished school
C. without going to school
D. after she played with her friends
C
A. is only bad for living things
B. can be produced in factories
C. doesn t do harm to people, but it s bad for plants, animals and buildings
D. doesn t just do harm to human beings but to animals, plants and buildings
D
A. We need 30 minutes if we want a clean shower.
B. We should put in enough clothes when we wash them in washing machines.
C. We can keep ourselves clean by having a shower for 15 minutes.
D. Don t let the water run when we brush our teeth and wash dishes.
A
A. Something must be done to prevent water from being polluted.
B. Clean water means much to human beings and living things around us.
C. It s time to take care of the water we use.
D. Water is the most important natural resource on the earth.
C
Ⅲ. 任务型阅读
阅读下面短文，从方框中所给的A—E五个选项中选出正确的选 项（其中有一项是多余选项），将其序号填入第1—4小题，并回答 第5小题。
The United Nations（UN） has decided that 2025 is the International Year of Glacier Preservation（保护）. It has also set 21st March, 2025, as the first annual（年度的） World Day for Glaciers.
What are glaciers？
You can imagine them as slowly moving ice and snow on land. 1. Glaciers have shaped mountains and valleys over the earth s history. They are still moving and changing land in many places today.
D
Why are glaciers important？
Glaciers are not just important for the land. When glaciers melt, the nutrients（养料） from the water are also good for life in rivers and oceans. 2. In areas like the Himalayas, many people need glacier water to live. This water fills big rivers, such as the Indus, the Ganges and the Brahmaputra.
Why are glaciers disappearing？
3. Many glaciers have disappeared. For example, Colombia has lost 90 percent of its glaciers since the mid 19th century. If temperatures rise by 1.5—4 degrees, glaciers could lose a lot of their mass by the year 2100.
B
E
Impact of disappearing glaciers
If glaciers disappear, there will be less water for us to drink and farm, while floods might happen more often due to melting ice. 4. As temperatures rise and glaciers melt, many habitats may become not fit for living.
C
A. This way, it encourages everyone to help save glaciers.
B. In some places, glaciers provide water for people and animals.
C. It would also be bad for animals and plants.
D. Over time, the snow adds up and turns into glacier ice.
E. Climate change is leading to serious problems for glaciers.
5. What can we do in our daily lives to protect glaciers？ （Answer within 30 words）
We can turn off lights and electrical things when we don t use them. We can also take the bus, ride bikes or walk more often. （言之有理即可）
Ⅳ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中单词的 正确形式。
The Sahara Desert is in the north of Africa. It is the largest hot desert in the world, covering about 9,320,000 square kilometres. Life there in the past was much 1. （difficult） for humans than in other places because it was hard to grow plants and find water.
more difficult
The Sahara Desert has one of the most terrible living conditions on the earth. It is very hot 2. dry all year round. The highest temperature there once 3. （reach） 58℃. Camels are the most useful means of transportation（交通工具） for people in the Sahara Desert. They are called “ships of the desert”.
and
reached
richest
to
But
worse
importance
than
us

展开更多......

收起↑