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外研版 九上 Unit 5 A fine balance 词汇同步详解笔记
序号 单词 词形 考点 例句
1 drop /dr p/ v. 降低；下降 dropped/dropped (过去式/分词)；drop (n. 滴) ① drop to 降到……② drop by 顺便拜访③ drop below 降到……以下 The temperature will drop below zero tomorrow. 明天气温将降到零度以下。
2 tourist / t r st/ n. 游客 tourists (pl.)；tour (n. 旅行)；tourism (n. 旅游业) ① foreign tourists 外国游客② tourist attraction 旅游景点③ a crowd of tourists 一群游客 Many tourists come to visit the old town every year. 每年很多游客来参观这座古城。
3 ecosystem / i k s st m/ n. 生态系统 ecosystems (pl.) ① protect the ecosystem 保护生态系统② natural ecosystem 自然生态系统③ keep the ecosystem healthy 保持生态系统健康 We must do something to protect the ecosystem. 我们必须采取行动保护生态系统。
4 balance / b l ns/ n. 平衡 v. 保持平衡 balanced (adj. 平衡的)；unbalanced (adj. 不平衡的) ① keep the balance 保持平衡② a balanced diet 均衡饮食③ balance...and... 平衡……与…… It’s important for us to keep the balance of nature. 对我们来说，保持自然平衡很重要。
5 smog /sm ɡ/ n. 烟雾；雾霾 不可数名词 ① heavy smog 严重雾霾② smoggy weather 雾霾天气③ reduce smog 减少雾霾 People wear masks because of heavy smog. 因为雾霾严重，人们戴上口罩。
6 admire / d ma / v. 欣赏；钦佩 admiration (n. 钦佩)；admirable (adj. 令人钦佩的) ① admire the beauty 欣赏美景② admire sb. for sth. 因某事钦佩某人③ admire nature 欣赏大自然 We all admire the heroes for their selfless spirit. 我们都因英雄们的无私精神而钦佩他们。
7 mark /mɑ k/ n. 痕迹；标记 v. 标记 marked (adj. 显著的) ① make a mark 做标记② a high mark 高分③ mark the date 标注日期 The old tree bears the mark of time. 这棵古树留下了岁月的痕迹。
8 farmland / fɑ ml nd/ n. 农田；耕地 不可数名词 ① protect farmland 保护耕地② rich farmland 肥沃的农田③ lose farmland 流失耕地 Farmers work hard on the farmland all year round. 农民们终年在农田里辛勤劳作。
9 rapid / r p d/ adj. 快速的 rapidly (adv. 快速地) ① rapid development 快速发展② rapid growth 快速增长③ rapid change 快速变化 With rapid development, our city becomes more beautiful. 随着快速发展，我们的城市变得更美。
10 society /s sa ti/ n. 社会 social (adj. 社会的)；socialist (adj. 社会主义的) ① modern society 现代社会② human society 人类社会③ serve the society 服务社会 Everyone should try to help others in society. 每个人都应尽力帮助社会中的他人。
11 till /t l/ conj. & prep. 直到 = until ① not...till... 直到……才……② wait till 等到③ work till late 工作到很晚 He didn’t come back till midnight yesterday. 他昨天直到半夜才回来。
12 cancel / k nsl/ v. 取消 canceled/cancelled (过去式)；canceling (现在分词) ① cancel the plan 取消计划② cancel the meeting 取消会议③ cancel the trip 取消旅行 We had to cancel the sports meeting because of rain. 因为下雨，我们不得不取消运动会。
13 permit /p m t/ v. 允许 permission (n. 允许)；permitted (过去式) ① permit doing sth. 允许做某事② permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事③ without permission 未经允许 The school doesn’t permit smoking in public. 学校不允许在公共场所吸烟。
14 organisation / ɡ na ze n/ n. 组织 organize (v. 组织)；organizer (n. 组织者) ① environmental organization 环保组织② set up an organization 建立组织③ join an organization 加入组织 Many volunteers work in the environmental organization. 很多志愿者在环保组织工作。
15 harm /hɑ m/ v. & n. 伤害；损害 harmful (adj. 有害的)；harmless (adj. 无害的) ① do harm to 对……有害② harm the environment 危害环境③ no harm 无害 Smoking does great harm to our health. 吸烟对我们健康危害很大。
16 punishment / p n m nt/ n. 惩罚 punish (v. 惩罚) ① deserve punishment 应受惩罚② avoid punishment 逃避惩罚③ legal punishment 法律惩罚 The boy was afraid of punishment and told the truth. 男孩害怕惩罚，说出了真相。
17 global / ɡl bl/ adj. 全球的 globe (n. 地球；地球仪)；globally (adv. 全球地) ① global warming 全球变暖② global environment 全球环境③ global problem 全球性问题 Global warming is a big problem around the world. 全球变暖是世界性的大问题。
18 overfishing / v f / n. 过度捕捞 over- (前缀：过度) ① stop overfishing 停止过度捕捞② cause overfishing 导致过度捕捞③ control overfishing 控制过度捕捞 Overfishing makes some fish in danger. 过度捕捞使一些鱼类濒临危险。
19 greenhouse / ɡri nha s/ n. 温室 greenhouses (pl.) ① greenhouse effect 温室效应② greenhouse gas 温室气体③ grow plants in a greenhouse 在温室种植物 The greenhouse effect causes global warming. 温室效应导致全球变暖。
20 gas /ɡ s/ n. 气体；煤气 gases (pl.) ① harmful gas 有害气体② greenhouse gas 温室气体③ natural gas 天然气 Factories should stop sending out harmful gases. 工厂应停止排放有害气体。
21 control /k n tr l/ v. & n. 控制 controlled (过去式)；controller (n. 控制器) ① control the pollution 控制污染② lose control 失控③ under control 处于控制中 The government is trying to control air pollution. 政府正努力控制空气污染。
22 rubbish / r b / n. 垃圾 不可数名词 (= trash) ① throw rubbish 扔垃圾② rubbish bin 垃圾桶③ reduce rubbish 减少垃圾 We should not throw rubbish everywhere. 我们不应该到处乱扔垃圾。
23 cartoonist /kɑ tu n st/ n. 漫画家 cartoon (n. 卡通) ① a famous cartoonist 著名漫画家② work as a cartoonist 担任漫画家 The cartoonist draws many lovely characters. 这位漫画家画了许多可爱的角色。
24 logging / l ɡ / n. 伐木；砍伐 log (v. 伐木) ① stop logging 禁止砍伐② illegal logging 非法伐木③ protect forests from logging 保护森林免遭砍伐 Too much logging is bad for the environment. 过度伐木对环境有害。
25 alarm / lɑ m/ n. 警报；闹钟 alarm clock 闹钟 ① set off an alarm 发出警报② fire alarm 火警警报③ alarm clock 闹钟 The fire alarm rang and everyone left quickly. 火警响起，所有人迅速离开。
26 foreigner / f r n / n. 外国人 foreigners (pl.)；foreign (adj. 外国的) ① meet foreigners 遇见外国人② talk with foreigners 和外国人交流③ help foreigners 帮助外国人 Many foreigners are interested in Chinese culture. 很多外国人对中国文化感兴趣。
27 logo / l ɡ / n. 标识；徽标 logos (pl.) ① a special logo 特殊标志② design a logo 设计徽标③ the school logo 校徽 The panda is the logo of our environmental club. 熊猫是我们环保社团的标志。
28 endangered / n de nd d/ adj. 濒危的 danger (n. 危险)；dangerous (adj. 危险的)；endanger (v. 危及) ① endangered animals 濒危动物② protect endangered species 保护濒危物种③ in danger 处于危险中 We must try our best to protect endangered animals. 我们必须尽力保护濒危动物。
29 vulnerable / v ln r bl/ adj. 脆弱的；易受伤的 vulnerability (n. 脆弱性) ① vulnerable animals 脆弱的动物② vulnerable environment 脆弱的环境③ feel vulnerable 感到脆弱 Young animals are very vulnerable in the wild. 幼小动物在野外非常脆弱。
30 worldwide / w ld wa d/ adv. & adj. 世界各地(的) = all over the world ① famous worldwide 世界闻名② worldwide attention 全球关注③ people worldwide 世界人民 The problem of pollution is getting worldwide attention. 污染问题正受到全球关注。
31 protection /pr tek n/ n. 保护 protect (v. 保护)；protective (adj. 保护的) ① environmental protection 环境保护② protection of wildlife 野生动物保护③ under protection 受到保护 Environmental protection is our duty. 保护环境是我们的责任。
32 environmental / n va r n mentl/ adj. 环境的 environment (n. 环境) ① environmental protection 环境保护② environmental pollution 环境污染③ environmental law 环保法 We should take part in environmental activities. 我们应参加环保活动。
33 population / p pju le n/ n. 人口；种群 populate (v. 居住于) ① the population of ……的人口② a large population 人口众多③ animal population 动物种群 The panda population is growing year by year. 熊猫数量逐年增长。
34 undoubtedly / n da t dli/ adv. 毫无疑问 doubt (v. 怀疑)；undoubted (adj. 无疑的) ① undoubtedly true 千真万确② undoubtedly important 无疑很重要③ undoubtedly the best 无疑是最好的 Undoubtedly, health is the most important thing. 毫无疑问，健康是最重要的。
35 survival /s va vl/ n. 生存；幸存 survive (v. 生存)；survivor (n. 幸存者) ① the survival of wildlife 野生动物的生存② fight for survival 为生存而战③ survival skills 生存技能 Water is important for the survival of all living things. 水对所有生物的生存都很重要。
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