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/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级英语下册译林版（2024）单元素养评价培优卷
Unit 8 A green world
温馨提示：
1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。满分120分。考试用时90分钟。考试结束后，将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
2.答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座号填写在试题卷和答题卡规定的位置上。
3.第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答案不能答在试题卷上。
4.第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试题卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共65分）
一、选择填空（共10小题，计10分）
从A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
1．Some people believe cashiers ________ by machines in the future.
A．are replaced B．replaces C．replace D．will be replaced
2．Small actions can ________ to the environment.
A．make a difference B．make a wish C．make a mistake D．make a bed
3．—Do you have any ________ cameras
—Yes, they are much cheaper.
A．new B．second-hand C．electronic D．modern
4．The factory is not allowed to ________ waste water into the river.
A．pour B．turn C．fall D．drop
5．We must use the natural ________ such as trees and water ________.
A．resources; wisely B．machines; happily C．products; carefully D．materials; quickly
6．If we don’t save energy, it will ________ soon.
A．run out B．take out C．look out D．come out
7．If you ________ the school rules, the teacher will ________ you.
A．follow; stop B．break; punish C．make; help D．change; praise
8．We should ________ waste things into different groups to recycle them.
A．join B．separate C．make D．take
9．—What is the best way to see the beautiful countryside
—________. When I don’t need to rush, I’d like to see it by bike.
A．No problem B．Forget it C．Good luck D．It depends
10．—Sir, it seems hard for me to finish the task alone.
—Don’t worry. A lot of support ________ soon.
A．was offered B．is offered C．will be offered D．were offered
二、完形填空（共10小题，计10分）
根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格的最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
Last Sunday, my classmates and I decided to go hiking to feel the beauty of nature. The weather was fine and the sun was shining 11 . We got up early and met at the school gate.
On the way, we saw green trees, colorful flowers and clear water. The air was much fresher than 12 in the city. We talked and laughed happily. We also 13 lots of photos of the nice views.
When we climbed up to the top of the hill, we were really excited. We 14 see the whole village below us. Everything looked so small but beautiful. A soft wind blew and made us feel very 15 .
We also found many small 16 in the forest. Some were moving slowly on the ground. Some were flying in the sky. Our teacher told us not to catch them or hurt them. All living things have their own lives.
During the break, we shared food and drinks 17 each other. It was interesting to enjoy meals in the open air. We 18 the rubbish to keep the environment clean.
Nature is always a great teacher. It teaches us to love life, to be brave and to care for the environment. 19 we were tired when we got home, we all felt happy and meaningful.
From this experience, I 20 that getting close to nature can make our life more colorful. I hope we can have more chances to explore nature in the future.
11．A．heavily B．brightly C．quietly D．slowly
12．A．that B．this C．it D．them
13．A．harmed B．rang C．took D．coughed
14．A．must B．should C．could D．shouldn’t
15．A．nervous B．comfortable C．hungry D．lonely
16．A．plants B．animals C．trees D．flowers
17．A．for B．at C．with D．on
18．A．picked up B．gave up C．looked up D．turned up
19．A．If B．Because C．But D．Though
20．A．repeated B．suffered C．realized D．suggested
三、阅读理解（共20小题，计40分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出能正确回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
A
Forests are home to millions of species, but human activities like illegal logging (非法砍伐) and land clearing are destroying these habitats. If we don’t act soon, many plants and animals will disappear forever. However, people around the world are taking steps to protect forests — and every small effort counts.
In Yunnan Province, China, local villagers once noticed that the number of black crested gibbons (黑冠长臂猿) was dropping. These rare animals depend on tall trees for food and shelter, but too many trees were being cut down. Working with an environmental group called Forest Guardian, the villagers made a rule: no one could cut trees in the gibbons’ living area. They also set up observation points to watch the gibbons and taught tourists about protecting the species. “We used to think cutting trees was the only way to make money,” said villager Mr Li. “Now we know protecting the gibbons means protecting our home too.”
Another group, Green Earth, focuses on saving trees by reducing paper waste. They started a project called “Paper Cycle” in schools and offices. People collect used paper, which is then sent to factories to be recycled into new paper. This way, fewer trees need to be cut down for paper production. Last year, the project helped save more than 5,000 trees across three cities.
These stories show that anyone can help protect forests. Whether it’s following a village rule or recycling paper, small actions add up. We all have a part to play in keeping the natural world alive.
21．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．Tourists visiting the forest. B．Workers from Forest Guardian.
C．Black crested gibbons. D．Local villagers in Yunnan.
22．What is the purpose of the “Paper Cycle” project started by Green Earth
A．To encourage people to use more paper. B．To reduce paper waste and save trees.
C．To teach students how to make paper. D．To sell recycled paper to factories.
23．How many trees did the “Paper Cycle” project help save last year
A．More than 3,000. B．More than 4,000.
C．More than 5,000. D．More than 6,000.
24．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
25．Which might be the best title for the passage
A．Small Steps to Protect Forests B．The Dangers of Illegal Logging
C．Saving Black Crested Gibbons in Yunnan D．How to Recycle Paper for the Environment
B
Did you know technology is finding surprising new uses Did you know it is now helping save wild animals A few years ago, we could never have imagined how new tools could collect information about animals’ habits and movements. Today, however, this is already happening—and it helps stop some kinds of animals from diminishing.
The African elephant is the world’s largest land animal and there used to be as many as 5,000,000, but now there are only about 415,000 left. African elephants have to travel a long way to find food. This can cause problems for farmers. They sometimes kill elephants to protect their land. However, researchers now work with farmers to search elephants carefully using a special tool called “smart collar (项圈)”. It can give information about where the elephants are. It is now helping farmers save their land and elephants.
Like elephants, the number of tigers in the wild is fewer than 4,000 and this number is dropping quickly because some people are killing them. Researchers are hoping that they can change the situation. Camera traps (感应相机) with special cameras take videos of tigers as they walk past. All tigers have a different and special form of stripes (条纹)—a bit like human fingerprints (指纹). Live videos of tigers’ movements allow researchers to find each tiger so that they can follow them for years and protect the places where they live. This lets the tigers live safely without people killing them.
Besides these, more and more people share photos of wrong activities online, like hurting animals or cutting down forests. This helps us protect animals in danger.
26．How does the writer start the text
A．By telling a story. B．By asking a question.
C．By giving an example. D．By listing the numbers.
27．What does the underlined word “diminishing” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A．disappearing B．remaining C．growing D．falling
28．What can we know about “smart collar” from Paragraph 2
A．It helps animals to find food.
B．It controls animals’ movements.
C．It helps researchers follow animals.
D．It makes the number of animals drop.
29．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3
A．The drop in the number of tigers.
B．The danger to tigers from people.
C．A new way to watch and save tigers.
D．The living habits of tigers in the wild.
30．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the text
A．To tell how some animals live.
B．To show why we need smart tools.
C．To ask people to stop killing wild animals.
D．To explain how technology helps protect animals.
C
Deep-sea coral reefs are one of the most amazing natural wonders on Earth. They are home to thousands of kinds of marine life (海洋生物), from colorful fish to tiny shrimp. Unlike shallow-water corals, deep-sea corals grow in dark, cold waters, thousands of meters below the sea surface.
Scientists have been exploring deep-sea coral reefs for many years. They use special submarines (潜水器) to reach these deep areas. These explorations help us learn more about the ocean and the life in it. For example, scientists found that deep-sea corals can live for hundreds of years, and some even grow very slowly, only a few millimeters a year.
Deep-sea coral reefs are very important to the ocean ecosystem. They supply homes and food to many marine animals. However, deep-sea coral reefs are in great danger now. Human activities like deep-sea fishing, oil drilling and plastic pollution (塑料污染) are damaging (破坏) these reefs. Many corals are dying, and the marine life that depends on them is also losing its home.
To protect deep-sea coral reefs, governments and scientists are working together. They set up marine protected areas, stop deep-sea fishing, and clean up ocean plastic. They also teach people about the importance of these natural wonders. We all should do our part to save these amazing underwater forests.
31．What are deep-sea coral reefs
A．A kind of shallow-water plant. B．A home to thousands of kinds of marine life.
C．A type of deep-sea fish. D．A kind of submarine.
32．How do scientists explore deep-sea coral reefs
A．By swimming. B．By using special submarines.
C．By taking boats. D．By using drones.
33．Why are deep-sea coral reefs important
A．They provide homes for marine animals.
B．They grow very fast and can be used as food.
C．They are easy to protect and need no care.
D．They can produce oil for human use.
34．What threatens (威胁) deep-sea coral reefs
A．Too many marine animals. B．Cold water in the deep sea.
C．Human activities like fishing and pollution. D．Strong waves and storms.
35．What is the best title of the passage
A．The Deep Sea and Its Animals.
B．How to Explore the Deep Sea.
C．The Amazing Deep-Sea Coral Reefs and Their Protection.
D．The History of Deep-Sea Exploration.
D
The Green Miracle of Saihanba
Long ago, Saihanba was a beautiful forest with many birds and animals. But in the late Qing Dynasty, people cut down too many trees. Years later, the forest disappeared, and the area became a barren desert. Strong sandstorms often hit Beijing, which is not far away.
In 1962, the Chinese government decided to change this. A group of foresters came to Saihanba. Life was very hard there. The temperature could drop to -40° C in winter. There was no house to live in and little food to eat. However, these foresters did not give up. They planted trees year after year. Many trees died in the beginning, but they kept trying.
▲ First, they found the right kind of trees that could survive in the cold and dry soil. Second, they developed new planting methods. After nearly 60 years of hard work, the miracle happened. Today, Saihanba is once again a huge forest. It is now known as the “Green Pearl” of North China.
The change brings many benefits. The forest stops sandstorms from reaching Beijing. It also provides clean water and fresh air for millions of people. Many rare animals and birds have returned to their home.
However, protecting the forest is still a long job. The foresters say, “Planting trees is easy, but keeping them alive is hard.” They continue to watch over the forest every day. They use technology to prevent fires and diseases. People all over the world admire the spirit of the Saihanba foresters. It shows that humans and nature can live together in harmony if we work hard and never give up.
36．What happened to Saihanba years after the late Qing Dynasty
A．It turned into a barren desert. B．It became a famous tourist spot.
C．It was flooded by heavy rain. D．It became a large city.
37．Which sentence can be put in ▲
A．Why did they fail at first B．How did they succeed
C．When did they start planting D．Where did they get the seeds
38．What is the main benefit of the forest today
A．It produces a lot of wood for sale.
B．It makes the weather hotter in winter.
C．It attracts many foreign visitors only.
D．It stops sandstorms and provides clean resources.
39．What does the underlined word “harmony” mean in the last paragraph
A．Conflict. B．Competition. C．Peaceful coexistence. D．Separation.
40．What is the main idea of the passage
A．How to stop sandstorms in Beijing.
B．The foresters in Saihanba live a hard life.
C．Saihanba transforms from a desert to a forest and its spirit.
D．Trees can provide clean water and fresh air for people.
四、短文还原（共5小题，计5分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从文后的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺，结构完整。
Every year there are endless talks and suggestions on how to protect the environment. As for students, what should we do 41 .
Plant Trees
The most important method to protect the environment is to plant trees. Trees may take longer to grow, but they serve the next generation (一代). 42 .
Save Water
Water is life. What we should do is to save water. 43 . The more time we take, the more water we are likely to use. As we brush our teeth, turn off the tap.
Limit Car Use
44 . It may not be as comfortable as the car, but we will make a significant contribution to protecting the environment.
Reduce Food Waste
Research shows that food that goes to waste in the world every year is enough to feed almost a billion hungry people. 45 . We can make a list of the food we are going to buy, and never order much more than we need in the restaurant.
We depend on the environment for living, and the environment depends on us for living as well. As long as we keep on doing the simple things, we can protect the environment better.
A．Reduce the time we take a bath.
B．Turn off computers and lights which are not in use.
C．Luckily, there are measures we can take to reduce food waste.
D．Here are four amazing ways to protect the environment.
E．Trees provide shade (阴凉处) and reduce the need for air conditioning.
F．We can choose biking, walking or public transport instead of a personal car.
G．We should plant more trees to help more animals live.
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题；共55分）
五、词汇应用（共10 小题，计10分）
阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式(每空最多不超过三个单词)。
The Yellow River is the second-longest river in China. It is known 46 the mother river of the Chinese. It 47 (start) in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It runs through nine provinces before 48 (enter) the sea.
In ancient times, the river 49 (bring) both life and problems. In flood seasons, it often broke 50 (it) banks, while in dry seasons, it sometimes dried up, affecting farming. So people started to find ways to manage it. Yu the Great, instead of blocking floods, dug canals (运河) to guide water away. Later, embankments (堤坝) 51 (build) to control the flow. During the Ming Dynasty, Pan Jixun used narrower embankments to wash away sediment (泥沙) 52 (quick).
In modern times, water projects have been built to store water and produce electricity. Environmental protection has also been strengthened, such as planting 53 (tree) to reduce soil loss. For over twenty years, the Yellow River has not dried up, and some fish have returned.
The story of the Yellow River teaches us the 54 (important) of living in peace with nature. It shows how people can solve problems with wisdom 55 hard work. Today, we must continue to protect this great river for the future.
六、选词填空（共10小题，计10分）
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空, 使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词, 每词仅 用一次, 有两词为多余项。
Can for natural enter suggest waste thought harm them make if bad
The earth gives us special and important things to help us live. We call these things 56 resources (资源), such as air, sunlight, water, wood, oil and land.
Living things need clean air to breathe and clean water to drink. Plants need sunlight and land to grow.
When plants breathe, they clean the air around them. We need plants 57 food. We also need plants to make a lot of things, such as paper, houses and tools.
We shouldn’t 58 these resources because we can’t make more of them Smoke from cars and factories 59 the air dirty. If the air is dirty, people will get sick and plants won’t grow. 60 we cut down trees, we must plant new ones as quickly as possible. Or it will be 61 to nature.
Rubbish is very bad for our environment. People throw lots of rubbish into the water. It makes the water become 62 than it was years ago. And the land with much rubbish is dirty and smells bad. Farmers 63 grow food on it.
How can we save the earth’s resources Here are two 64 . Remember to use things until we can’t use them anymore. Also, don’t throw things away. Instead, we can reuse 65 .
七、阅读表达（共5小题，计10分）
根据短文内容，按要求回答问题。
When it comes to the Himalayas, what do you have in your mind High mountains White snow Both answers are right. However, few people know there is a quite different but surprisingly beautiful place in the Himalayas. Let me introduce the Valley of Flowers to you. There you can see a very different scene. It is home to pretty flowers, wild plants and endangered (濒危的) animals.
The Valley of Flowers is in Uttarakhand, a state (州) in the north of India. It covers more than 87.5 square kilometres and its hiking route (路线) is 36 kilometres long. The valley sits high up in the mountains. It is not easy to reach, but many people would like to go there to see these flowers. These flowers are not quite the same as what we often see in gardens or parks. And there are hundreds of different kinds of flowers in this valley. When the flowers bloom, the valley looks like a magical world.
There are also a lot of wild plants, such as trees and grass, in the Valley of Flowers. They are special. Some of them are hard to find anywhere else in the world. What’s more, some endangered animals live in the valley, like snow leopards.
Now people have turned the Valley of Flowers into a national park to protect wild plants and endangered animals there. Visitors can’t even stay there for too long at a time. They can only stay there for one day. It’s probably not long enough for visitors to see all the real beauty there.
66．How does the writer start the passage
67．How long is the hiking route of the Valley of Flowers
68．Why do people build the national park
69．What’s the purpose of the passage
70．What can we do to protect wildlife
八、书面表达（共1题，计25分）
71．地球是我们共同的家园，学校微信公众号要推送一篇以“Our Earth, Our Home”为题的文章。假设你是学校“环保小卫士”社团的成员，请根据提示，用英语写一篇短文，宣传环保知识。
内容包括：（1）地球面临的现状；
（2）原因；
（3）建议和愿望。
注意：（1）词数80~100，所给开头不计入总词数：
（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）短文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。
Our Earth, Our Home
The earth is our home. It was clean and beautiful in the past.
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/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1．D
【解析】句意：一些人认为未来收银员将被机器取代。
根据时间状语in the future可知，动作发生在将来，应用一般将来时；主语cashiers与replace之间是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态，应填will be replaced。
2．A
【解析】句意：小小的行动会对环境产生影响。
make a difference产生影响；make a wish许愿；make a mistake犯错；make a bed整理床铺。根据“Small action”及“to the environment”可知，此处表示“对环境产生影响”，应填make a difference。
3．B
【解析】句意：——你们有二手相机吗？——有，它们便宜得多。
new新的，second-hand二手的，electronic电子的，modern现代的。根据答语中“much cheaper”便宜得多可知，问句询问的应该是价格较低的相机，只有second-hand二手的符合语境。
4．A
【解析】句意：工厂不允许把废水倒入河流。
pour倾倒；turn转动；fall落下；drop掉落。根据句中“waste water into the river”的语境，表达“向河里排放/倾倒废水”的含义，应填pour。
5．A
【解析】句意：我们必须明智地使用像树木和水这样的自然资源。
resources资源；wisely明智地；machines机器；happily快乐地；products产品；carefully仔细地；materials材料；quickly快速地。“trees and water”属于自然资源，“natural resources”表示“自然资源”，符合语境，所以选resources。根据语境，应该是明智地使用，所以选wisely。
6．A
【解析】句意：如果我们不节约能源，它很快就会用完。
run out用完，耗尽；take out取出；look out当心；come out出版，出现。根据前句“If we don‘t save energy”可知，此处表示能源会“用完、耗尽”，应填run out。
7．B
【解析】句意：如果你违反校规，老师将会惩罚你。
follow遵守；stop停止；break违背；punish惩罚；make制定；help帮助；change改变；praise表扬。根据句子逻辑，违反规则会受到惩罚，符合句意。应填break；punish。
8．B
【解析】句意：我们应该把废弃物分成不同种类来回收利用。
join加入；separate分开，分离；make制作；take拿，取。根据句中“into different groups”以及“to recycle them”可知，此处表示将废弃物品“分开”成不同类别，故应填separate。
9．D
【解析】句意：——看美丽乡村的最好方法是什么？——视情况而定。当我不需要赶时间的时候，我想骑自行车去看。
No problem没问题；Forget it算了吧，别想了；Good luck祝你好运；It depends视情况而定。根据答语后句“When I don’t need to rush, I’d like to see it by bike.”可知，说话人认为最佳方式取决于时间是否充裕，此处表达“视情况而定”之意，符合语境。应填It depends。
10．C
【解析】句意：——先生，我一个人似乎很难完成这项任务。——别担心。很快会有很多支持提供。
根据“soon”可知，动作发生在将来，应用一般将来时；主语“A lot of support”与动词“offer”之间是被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态“will be offered”。
11．B 12．A 13．C 14．C 15．B 16．B 17．C 18．A 19．D 20．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者和同学们去远足，在大自然中欣赏美景、观察生物、分享食物并保护环境，最终体会到亲近自然能让生活更丰富多彩的故事。
【解析】11．句意：天气很好，阳光明媚地照耀着。
下文“The weather was fine”表明天气晴朗，阳光应是“明亮地”照耀，brightly“明亮地”符合语境，heavily“沉重地”、quietly“安静地”和slowly“缓慢地”不符。
12．句意：空气比城市里的空气清新得多。
此处比较的是山里的空气与城市里的空气，用that替代前面提到的不可数名词air，that“那个”符合语境，this“这个”、it“它”和them“它们”不符。
13．句意：我们还拍了很多美景的照片。
take photos“拍照”，固定搭配。此处指拍摄照片，took“拍摄”符合语境，harmed“伤害”、rang“铃响”和coughed“咳嗽”语义不通。
14．句意：我们可以看到下面整个村庄。
上文爬到山顶，下文描述村庄很小很美，应是“能够”看到，could“可以，能够”符合语境，must“必须”、should“应该”和shouldn’t“不应该”不符。
15．句意：一阵柔风吹来，让我们感觉很舒适。
上文“A soft wind blew”表明柔风让人感觉舒服，comfortable“舒适的”符合语境，nervous“紧张的”、hungry“饥饿的”和lonely“孤独的”不符。
16．句意：我们还在森林里发现了很多小动物。
下文“Some were moving slowly on the ground. Some were flying in the sky.”有的在地上移动，有的在空中飞，这些描述对应的是“动物”，animals“动物”符合语境，plants“植物”、trees“树”和flowers“花”不符。
17．句意：休息期间，我们互相分享食物和饮料。
share sth. with sb.“与某人分享某物”，固定搭配。此处指同学们之间互相分享，with“和……一起”符合语境，for、at和on不符。
18．句意：我们捡起垃圾以保持环境清洁。
上文提到分享食物，下文说保持环境清洁，应是“捡起”垃圾，picked up“捡起”符合语境，gave up“放弃”、looked up“查阅”和turned up“出现”语义不通。
19．句意：虽然我们到家时很累，但我们都感到快乐而有意义。
“我们很累”与“感到快乐有意义”之间是让步关系，though“虽然”符合语境，if“如果”、because“因为”和but“但是”不符。
20．句意：从这次经历中，我意识到亲近自然可以让我们的生活更加丰富多彩。
下文是作者通过经历得出的感悟，应是“意识到”，realized“意识到”符合语境，repeated“重复”、suffered“遭受”和suggested“建议”不符。
21．D 22．B 23．C 24．B 25．A
【导语】本文介绍了森林面临的威胁，并通过两个具体案例，讲述了人们为保护森林所采取的行动，强调微小努力的重要性。
【解析】21．原文第二段提到“Working with an environmental group called Forest Guardian, the villagers made a rule... They also set up observation points to watch the gibbons”，这里的“They”指代前文提到的云南当地村民。
22．原文第三段提到“Another group, Green Earth, focuses on saving trees by reducing paper waste. They started a project called ‘Paper Cycle’... This way, fewer trees need to be cut down for paper production”，说明该项目的目的是减少纸张浪费、节约树木。
23．原文第三段提到“Last year, the project helped save more than 5,000 trees across three cities”，明确给出了项目去年拯救的树木数量。
24．文章结构为：①总述森林面临威胁及保护的重要性；②介绍云南村民保护长臂猿的案例；③介绍“Paper Cycle”回收项目的案例；④总结保护森林人人有责。结构为“总分总”。
25．全文围绕“保护森林的微小行动”展开，介绍了两个具体的保护案例，强调“small actions add up”。
26．B 27．A 28．C 29．C 30．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科技在保护野生动物方面的创新应用，通过智能项圈、感应相机等工具，帮助追踪、保护大象和老虎等濒危动物，同时借助网络曝光不法行为，助力野生动物保护工作。
【解析】26．文章开篇用两个问句“Did you know technology is finding surprising new uses Did you know it is now helping save wild animals ”引出话题，因此作者是以提问的方式开篇的。
27．文中提到“it helps stop some kinds of animals from diminishing”，结合下文大象、老虎数量减少的例子，可推断“diminishing”意为“减少、消失”，此处指动物种群的消失，与“disappearing”意思相近；“falling”通常指数量下降，但主语是“animals”而非“numbers”，搭配不当。
28．第二段提到“smart collar…It can give information about where the elephants are.”，说明智能项圈能提供大象的位置信息，帮助研究人员追踪动物。
29．第三段主要介绍了用感应相机拍摄老虎的活动视频，通过识别条纹追踪老虎并保护它们的栖息地，核心是介绍一种观察和保护老虎的新方法。
30．全文围绕科技如何帮助保护野生动物展开，从智能项圈、感应相机到网络曝光，都在说明科技在动物保护中的作用，因此作者的写作目的是解释科技如何帮助保护动物。
31．B 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了深海珊瑚礁的特点、生存环境、科研探索价值、对海洋生态的重要作用，以及面临的人为威胁和相应的保护措施。
【解析】31．第一段给出介绍：“They are home to thousands of kinds of marine life”，这直接说明深海珊瑚礁是成千上万种海洋生物的家园。
32．第二段说明探索方式：“They use special submarines to reach these deep areas”，表明科学家依靠特制潜水器探索深海珊瑚礁。
33．第三段点明重要作用：“They supply homes and food to many marine animals.”，由此可知深海珊瑚礁为海洋生物提供栖息地。
34．第三段指出威胁来源：“Human activities like deep-sea fishing, oil drilling and plastic pollution are damaging these reefs”，说明捕鱼、污染等人类活动正威胁着深海珊瑚礁
35．全文依次介绍深海珊瑚礁的神奇特点、价值、生存危机与保护行动，最贴合文章主旨的标题是The Amazing Deep-Sea Coral Reefs and Their Protection。
36．A 37．B 38．D 39．C 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了塞罕坝从美丽森林变为荒漠，又经过几代林场工人近60年的不懈努力，重新变回“绿色明珠”的奇迹，并强调了这片森林的重要作用以及保护工作的长期性。
36．根据文章第一段第二句和第三句“But in the late Qing Dynasty, people cut down too many trees. Years later, the forest disappeared, and the area became a barren desert.”可知，晚清时期人们大肆砍伐树木，数年之后森林消失，塞罕坝变成了荒芜的沙漠。
37．根据文章第三段开头“First, they found the right kind of trees...Second, they developed new planting methods. After nearly 60 years of hard work, the miracle happened.”可知，该段落主要讲述了林场工人们通过正确的方法和坚持最终取得了成功。因此，段落开头需要一个承上启下的问句来引出他们成功的方法，即“他们是如何成功的？”。
38．根据文章第四段第二句和第三句“The forest stops sandstorms from reaching Beijing. It also provides clean water and fresh air for millions of people.”可知，如今这片森林的主要好处是阻挡了风沙，并为数百万人提供了清洁的水源和空气。
39．根据文章最后一段最后一句“It shows that humans and nature can live together in harmony if we work hard and never give up.”可知如果人们努力且不放弃，人类和自然是能够和谐共存的。因此，“harmony”在此处意为“和谐共处”，与Peaceful coexistence意思相符。
40．文章围绕塞罕坝从森林变为沙漠，再经过几代人的努力变回森林的转变过程，以及这片森林现今的重要作用展开。因此，全文的主旨是塞罕坝从沙漠变回森林的转变及其重要性。
41．D 42．E 43．A 44．F 45．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了学生可以采取的四种环保方式：植树、节水、限制用车和减少食物浪费，倡导人们通过日常小事保护环境。
41．前文以“As for students, what should we do ”提出“学生该如何保护环境”的问题，后文分点介绍了四种具体环保方法，此处应填一个承上启下、引出下文方法的过渡句；D项“Here are four amazing ways to protect the environment.”符合上下文逻辑，起到了引出下文四种环保方式的作用。
42．前文提到“The most important method to protect the environment is to plant trees. Trees may take longer to grow, but they serve the next generation.”，点明植树的重要性及对后代的益处，此处应补充树木的具体作用；E项“Trees provide shade and reduce the need for air conditioning.”介绍了树木提供阴凉、减少空调使用的好处，与前文内容衔接自然。
43．前文提出“Water is life. What we should do is to save water.”，点明本段的主题为“节水”，后文提到“The more time we take, the more water we are likely to use. As we brush our teeth, turn off the tap.”，强调减少用水时长，此处应填写与“缩短用水时间”相关的节水方法；A项“Reduce the time we take a bath.”与后文逻辑一致，都是通过减少用水时长来节约用水。
44．本段的主题为“Limit Car Use”，后文提到“It may not be as comfortable as the car, but we will make a significant contribution to protecting the environment.”，说明选择非私家车出行的环保意义，此处应填写替代私家车的出行方式；F项“We can choose biking, walking or public transport instead of a personal car.”契合“限制用车”的主题，与后文衔接自然。
45．前文提到“Research shows that food that goes to waste in the world every year is enough to feed almost a billion hungry people.”，指出食物浪费问题的严重性，后文介绍了减少食物浪费的具体做法，此处应填写引出下文措施的过渡句；C项“Luckily, there are measures we can take to reduce food waste.”起到承上启下的作用，引出下文减少食物浪费的具体方法。
46．as 47．starts 48．entering 49．brought 50．its 51．were built 52．quickly 53．trees 54．importance 55．and
【导语】本文介绍了黄河的基本情况、历史上的水患与治理、现代水利工程与环保措施，以及黄河治理带给我们的启示。
【解析】46．句意：它被誉为中华民族的母亲河。“be known as”为固定短语，意为“被称为”，故填as。
47．句意：它发源于青藏高原。描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语It为第三人称单数，start的第三人称单数为starts。
48．句意：它流经九个省份后入海。介词before后接动名词作宾语，enter的动名词为entering。
49．句意：在古代，这条河既带来生命也带来问题。描述过去的情况，用一般过去时，bring的过去式为brought。
50．句意：在洪水季节，它经常决堤。修饰名词banks，需用形容词性物主代词，it的对应词为its。
51．句意：后来，人们修建了堤坝来控制水流。主语embankments与build之间为被动关系，且描述过去的情况，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，故填were built。
52．句意：潘季驯使用更窄的堤坝来快速冲刷泥沙。修饰动词wash away，需用副词，quick的副词为quickly。
53．句意：例如种植树木以减少水土流失。tree为可数名词，此处用复数形式表示泛指，故填trees。
54．句意：黄河的故事教会我们与自然和平共处的重要性。the后接名词，important的名词为importance。
55．句意：它展示了人们如何用智慧和努力解决问题。wisdom与hard work为并列关系，用and连接。
56．natural 57．for 58．waste 59．makes 60．If 61．harmful 62．worse 63．can’t 64．suggestions 65．them
【导语】本文介绍了地球给予人类的重要资源，强调了植物的重要性，指出了污染和浪费资源对环境的危害，并提出了节约资源的建议，呼吁人们保护地球资源。
【解析】56．句意：我们称这些东西为自然资源，如空气、阳光、水、木材、石油和土地。空格位于“resources”之前，修饰名词“resources”。结合句意及方框内词汇，应填入形容词“natural”表示“自然的”，构成“natural resources”，符合语法及语义要求。
57．句意：我们需要植物来获取食物。 空格位于“need plants”和“food”之间，表示目的。结合句意及方框内词汇，应填入介词“for”表示“为了”，构成“need sth. for sth.”，符合语法及语义要求。
58．句意：我们不应该浪费这些资源，因为我们无法制造更多的资源。 空格位于情态动词“shouldn’t”之后，应填入动词原形。结合后半句“because we can’t make more of them”，可知前半句表达的是“不应该浪费”。方框内“waste”意为“浪费”，符合语境。
59．句意：汽车和工厂的烟雾使空气变脏。空格所在句缺少谓语动词。主语“Smoke from cars and factories”是不可数名词，视为单数，故谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。结合句意“使空气变脏”，方框内“make”符合语境，其第三人称单数形式为“makes”。
60．句意：如果我们砍伐树木，我们必须尽快种植新树。空格位于句首，引导条件状语从句。结合句意及方框内词汇，应填入连词“if”表示“如果”。注意句首单词首字母需大写，即“If”。
61．句意：否则这将对自然有害。空格位于“be”动词之后，“to nature”之前。结合句意及方框内词汇，应填入形容词“harmful”表示“有害的”，构成短语“be harmful to”。方框内有“harm”，其形容词形式为“harmful”。
62．句意：它使水变得比几年前更糟糕。空格位于“become”之后，且句中有“than”，说明此处需用比较级。结合前文“People throw lots of rubbish into the water.”，可知水质变差。方框内“bad”意为“坏的”，其比较级为“worse”。
63．句意：农民不能在上面种植食物。 空格位于主语“Farmers”之后，动词原形“grow”之前。结合前文“the land with much rubbish is dirty and smells bad”，可知农民无法在这样的土地上种植。方框内“can”的否定形式“can’t”符合语境，表示“不能”。
64．句意：这里有两个建议。空格位于“two”之后，应填入可数名词复数形式。结合后文提到的具体措施“Remember to use things...”和“don’t throw things away”，可知此处是指“建议”。方框内“suggest”是动词，其名词形式为“suggestion”，复数形式为“suggestions”。
65．句意：相反，我们可以重复使用它们。 空格位于动词“reuse”之后，作宾语。指代前文提到的“things”，应用代词“them”，符合语法及语义要求。
66．The writer starts the passage by asking questions./By asking/raising questions. 67．It’s 36 km long./36 km long. 68．Because they want to protect the wild plants and endangered animals in the valley. 69．To introduce some facts/information about the Valley of Flowers./The writer wants to introduce some facts/information about the Valley of Flowers. 70．We can stop littering, avoid buying animal products, and plant trees.（答案合理即可）
【导语】本文主要介绍了位于印度北部喜马拉雅山脉中的“花谷”（the Valley of Flowers），包括其地理位置、自然景观（花卉、野生植物、濒危动物）以及人们为保护这些资源而建立国家公园的情况。
【解析】66．文章开头“When it comes to the Himalayas, what do you have in your mind High mountains White snow ”连续使用了两个设问，以提问的方式引出话题，因此作者是通过提问（asking/raising questions）来开始这篇文章的。
67．第二段明确指出“its hiking route is 36 kilometres long”，即徒步路线长36公里，属于原文直接信息提取。
68．第四段首句指出“people have turned the Valley of Flowers into a national park to protect wild plants and endangered animals there”，建立国家公园的目的是保护花谷中的野生植物和濒危动物，答案可从原文中直接获取。
69．全文围绕花谷展开，依次介绍了其位置、面积、花卉种类、野生植物、濒危动物以及保护措施等，因此文章的写作目的是向读者介绍花谷的相关事实和信息（to introduce some facts/information about the Valley of Flowers）。
70．开放题，答案不唯一。需围绕保护野生动物和生态环境，给出合理可行的建议即可。如：不乱扔垃圾（stop littering）、不购买动物制品（avoid buying animal products）、植树造林（plant trees）等。
71．One possible version
Our Earth, Our Home
The earth is our home. It was clean and beautiful in the past. However, it's getting warmer now. The number of wild animals gets much smaller. Natural disasters happen more often than before.
Why does this happen First, there are more and more people on the earth. Second, people cut down forests and kill too many wild animals.
What can we do I think everyone can do something to help save the earth. We should stop people killing wild animals. We can also plant more trees and build more reserves.
I hope our earth will become a better place for us to live.
【解析】 写作步骤
【第一步：审题立意】
确定文体：环保主题宣传短文，时态以一般现在时为主，结尾可用将来时表达愿望
明确要点：地球环境现状很糟糕、造成环境变差的人为原因、日常可落地的环保建议与美好愿景
确定人称：第一人称we/our，贴合社团成员宣传口吻
注意事项：词数80～100，开头给定，不计入词数，禁止出现真实姓名、校名
【第二步：构思布局】
三段式结构
开头段：承接给定开头，点明如今地球环境变差，污染问题愈发严峻
主体段：先分析污染产生的原因，再分条给出日常生活里简单可行的环保行动建议
结尾段：发出环保号召，升华主题，守护共同家园，表达美好期许
【第三步：要点展开】
要点一：地球现状
现状描述：It's getting warmer now./Rivers are polluted ,the air is not fresh, and rubbish can be seen everywhere.
影响结果：The number of wild animals gets much smaller./Natural disasters happen more often than before.
要点二：污染原因
First, there are more and more people on the earth./Second, people cut down forests and kill too many wild animals./People waste lost of resources
要点三：建议与愿望
日常行动： stop people killing wild animals/save water and paper, ride bikes more
长期行动： plant more trees and build more reserves.
结尾呼吁： our earth will become a better place for us to live/ work together to make it clean and beautiful
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