资源简介

(共33张PPT)
2026广东英语中考阅读理解全题型三步进阶
之做题技巧
1.能通过题干关键词快速定位原文信息
2.能区分基础题（细节、词义、代词）的快速解题方法
3.能掌握中档题（推理、主旨、排序、还原、跨学科、图文）的逻辑分析技巧
4.能挑战高阶题（写作手法、文章结构、观点态度、人物性格、后续发展、配对阅读）
5.能分析长难句的核心结构
一、学习目标
2023年~2025年广东中考英语“阅读理解”一览表
年份 篇序 主题 素材 考点 体现的课标要求
和学科核心素养
2025 A 人与自我（做人与做事：勤于动手，乐于实践，敢于创新） 驱蚊薄荷油制作活动招募和制作方法介绍 文体：应用文 词数：203词 非课标词汇：mint n.薄荷 olive n.橄榄 合成词： homemade adj.自制的 51 细节理解题 思维品质——
劳动实践
52 细节理解题 53 细节理解题 54 图片排序题（新题型， 图文理解+排序） 55 推理判断题 （写作意图题） B 人与自然（环境保护：环境污染及原因，环保意识和行为） 火灾和农业活动致使森林面积持续减少 文体：说明文 词数：243词 非课标词汇： severe adj.十分严重的 cooperation n.合作 合成词： newly-planted adj.新种植的 rainforest n.热带雨林 wildfire n.野火 farmland n.农田 56 推理判断题 （写作意图题） 思维品质——
科学思维
57 内容还原题 58 词义猜测题 59 推理判断题 60 最佳标题题 C 人与社会（科学与技术：科学技术与工程，人类发明与创新） 如何正确地向人工智能（AI）提问以获得更准确、有用的回答 词数：275词 6165 细节匹配题 语言能力——
人际交流
年份 篇序 主题 素材 考点 体现的课标要求
和学科核心素养
2024 A 人与社会（子主题：和谐家庭与社区生活） Top Discovery Space活动广告信息 文体：应用文 词数：205词 合成词： hands-on adj.动手的，实践的 parent-child adj.亲子关系的 indoor adj.室内的 51 细节理解题 思维品质——
劳动实践
52 细节理解题 53 细节理解题 54 细节理解题 55 推理判断题/文章 体裁题（考查思维） B 人与自然（子主题：热爱与敬畏自然，与自然和谐共生） 科学研究——通过听鸡的叫声来判断它是高兴还是悲伤的 文体：说明文 词数：249词 非课标词汇：frog n.青蛙 合成词： chicken-raising养鸡 56 内容还原题（新题型） 思维品质——
科学思维
57 跨学科综合题（新题型） 58 细节理解题 59 词义猜测题（考查思维） 60 最佳标题题（考查思维） C 人与社会（子主题：社会热点与国际事务） 新闻与读后感 词数：226词 非课标词汇： system n.系统 6165 细节匹配题 语言能力——
人际交流
年份 篇序 主题 素材 考点 体现的课标要求
和学科核心素养
2023 A 人与自我（子主题：勤于动手，乐于实践，敢于创新） DIY纸扇的制作指南 文体：说明文 词数：201词 非课标词汇： quality adj.优质的 fold up折叠 51 细节理解题 思维品质——
劳动实践
52 细节理解题 53 细节理解题 54 细节推理题（考查思维） 55 写作意图题（考查思维） B 人与自然（子主题：热爱与敬畏自然，与自然和谐共生） 动物的方向感 文体：说明文 词数：248词 非课标词汇： desert n.沙漠 magnetic field磁场 56 推断出处题（考查思维） 思维品质——
科学思维
57 细节理解题 58 词义猜测题（考查思维） 59 细节推断题（考查思维） 60 最佳标题题 C 人与社会（子主题：良好的人际关系与人际交往） 青少年与父母的分歧与解决方法建议 词数：284词 6165 细节匹配题 语言能力——
人际交流
二、考情速览（2023-2025）
年份 新考法
高频题型
2025
2024
2023
复习重点：
图片排序、AI配对阅读
细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测
内容还原、跨学科综合
主旨大意、代词指代
写作意图题首次出现
逻辑排序、段落大意
词汇拓展 + 逻辑推理 + 跨学科思维
三、阅读理解三步法（通用解题流程）
步骤 名称
任务
第一步 读题干，划关键词
明确“找什么”
第二步 回文定位，锁定答案句
确定“在哪里”
第三步 对比选项，排除干扰
选出“哪一个”
关键词
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
第二部分：中档题——分析逻辑，排除干扰
第三部分：高阶题——综合运用，挑战满分
目录
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
;
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
题型1：细节理解题
例题示范
题干： What time does the library close on Sundays？
圈出关键词：
时间、数字、人名、地名、大写词
关键词：
疑问词:
what, when, where, why, how...
名词（主题词）
time, library, close, Sundays
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
How many students took part in the competition last year？
→ 关键词：_______________________________________________________
Why did the writer feel nervous before the exam？
→ 关键词：_______________________________________________________
Where can we buy the homemade mint oil？
→ 关键词：_______________________________________________________
The underlined word “threatening” in Paragraph 2 probably means .
→ 关键词：_______________________________________________________
What is the best title for this passage？
→ 关键词：_______________________________________________________
练习1：圈出下列题干中的关键词
How many, students, competition, last year
Why, writer, nervous, exam
Where, buy, homemade mint oil
underlined word, threatening, Paragraph 2, means
best title, passage
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
短文：
The community will be held on Saturday morning, July 5, from 9:00 to 11:50. Only 40 people can join. To book a place, please call Lucy at 345878 by Friday evening.

( ) 1. When will this community event take place？

练习2：根据题干关键词，快速找到原文中的答案句
(圈关键词）
注意：同义替换 take place=will be held 发生；举行 this 这 next 下一
A. This Friday afternoon B. Next Friday afternoon
C. This Saturday morning D. Next Saturday morning
C
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
短文：
The community will be held on Saturday morning, July 5, from 9:00 to 11:50. Only 40 people can join. To book a place, please call Lucy at 345878 by Friday evening.

( ) 2. How many people can take part in the activity？
A. At least forty B. At least fifty
C.At most fifty D. At most forty
练习2：根据题干关键词，快速找到原文中的答案句
注意：同义替换 take part in = join 加入；
activity=community活动；社团
at least 至少 at most 最多 only 只有
(圈关键词）
D
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
短文：
The community will be held on Saturday morning, July 5, from 9:00 to 11:50. Only 40 people can join. To book a place, please call Lucy at 345878 by Friday evening.

( ) 3. Why would people call Lucy before the event？
A. To win a gift B. To book a place
C. To get mint oil D. To buy some tools
练习2：根据题干关键词，快速找到原文中的答案句
注意：同义替换 because = to 因为 ；为了（表目的）
event=community 事件；社团
(圈关键词）
B
预订
直到
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
短文：
Many students feel stressed before math exams. A study found that sitting up straight can help them do better. Scientists tested 125 college students. They asked them to do a math exam while sitting in a slumped-over (趴倒的) posture, or sitting up straight. After the test, 56% of the students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight.
( ) 1. What can we learn from the passage
A. All students benefit from sitting up straight.
B. Sitting up straight makes no difference to anyone.
C. More than half of the students found the exam easier.
D. Sitting up straight makes the exam more difficult.
练习3：回文定位，判断下列句子是“对(T)”还是“错(F)”，并写出依据句
(圈关键词）
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
短文：
Many students feel stressed before math exams. A study found that sitting up straight can help them do better. Scientists tested 125 college students. They asked them to do a math exam while sitting in a slumped-over (趴倒的) posture, or sitting up straight. After the test, 56% of the students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight.
( ) A. All students benefit from sitting up straight.
练习3：回文定位，判断下列句子是“对(T)”还是“错(F)”，并写出依据句
(圈关键词）
F
注意： （all 全部 ≠ 56 ％ ） 同义转换 benefit from=was easier to do 受益于，更简单
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
短文：
Many students feel stressed before math exams. A study found that sitting up straight can help them do better. Scientists tested 125 college students. They asked them to do a math exam while sitting in a slumped-over (趴倒的) posture, or sitting up straight. After the test, 56% of the students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight.
( ) C. More than half of the students found the exam easier.
练习3：回文定位，判断下列句子是“对(T)”还是“错(F)”，并写出依据句
(圈关键词）
T
注意： 同义转换 more than half of≈ 56 ％ 多于一半
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
短文：
Many students feel stressed before math exams. A study found that sitting up straight can help them do better. Scientists tested 125 college students. They asked them to do a math exam while sitting in a slumped-over (趴倒的) posture, or sitting up straight. After the test, 56% of the students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight.
( ) 1. What can we learn from the passage
A. All students benefit from sitting up straight.
B. Sitting up straight makes no difference to anyone.
C. More than half of the students found the exam easier.
D. Sitting up straight makes the exam more difficult.
练习3：回文定位，判断下列句子是“对(T)”还是“错(F)”，并写出依据句
(圈关键词）
×
√
C
没有影响
困难的
感到有压力的
研究
测试
1. _______________________：
选项中出现 all, never, every（除非原文明确）
2. 张冠李戴：把A的特点说成B的
3. 无中生有：文中没提的内容
4. 答非所问：选项对但没回答题干
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
常见干扰项陷阱：
绝对化错误 / 以偏概全
短文：
To enter the competition, please visit the Centre Shop to pay 5 for each poem. Once the payment is made, please email the poem(s) to poetrycomp@center.uk. Remember to mark Open or ESL in the top right-hand corner of the document before emailing your poem(s).
问题： Which is the correct order for poets to enter the competition？
① Pay 5 for each poem. ② Visit the Centre Shop.
③ Email their poem(s). ④ Mark Open or ESL.
A. ①②③④ B. ②①③④ C. ②①④③ D. ③④②①
依据句（写出原文中的关键词顺序）：________________________________________________
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
【排序题也要细节理解】
(圈关键词）
C
诗
一旦
费用
诗人
visit → pay 5 → mark → email
【解题技巧】
1.上下文逻辑（因果、转折、同义）
转折：but， however，instead， yet等。
同义：定语从句先行词，破折号、逗号等标点符号，以及or， and， in other words（换句话说）， that’s to say， namely（也就是）等
2.构词法（re-, un-, -ful, -less）
3.常识推断
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
题型2：词义猜测题
原文： Each year, about 2,000 babies in the United States are born with limb differences, like Jordan was. That means they are missing all or part of an arm or a leg.
（ ）What does the underlined word “limb” mean？
A.Eyes or ears. B.Noses or mouths.
C.Arms or legs. D.Hair or skin.
方法： ________________________________________________
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
【例题1】（____________________）
上下文逻辑
(圈关键词）
C
后文直接解释（同义复现）
原文： Doctors said they would perform an emergency operation to remove her eye.
（ ） The underlined word “remove” means ______.
A. take B. fix C. pick D. make
方法： ________________________________________________
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
【例题2】（____________）
构词法
(圈关键词）
A
re-（相反）+ move（移动）→ 移开 → 摘除
原文： For some people, rationing now becomes normal.
Kelson uses non-drinking water to flush the toilet.
（ ） The underlined word “flush” means ______.
A. wash B. fill C. paint D. drive
方法： ____________________________________________
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
【例题3】（____________）
常识推断
(圈关键词）
A
生活常识：非饮用水用来“冲洗”厕所
Although Jerry had achieved great success， he didn’t feel fulfilled. He asked himself， “Is it enough to climb the highest mountains？ Am I doing something helpful？ How can I turn my adventures into something that can help the world？”
（　　）What does the underlined word “fulfilled” mean？
A.Satisfied. B.Lonely. C.Patient. D.Worried.
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
对点训练1
构词法：ful-（满）+ fill（填充）→ 填满 → 使满足 → 感到满足的
A
(圈关键词）
Life is too short and uncertain.What I say is not new at all， but it is important.If you are reading this， I am no longer with you.You are alone now.I’m not there to help you or give you any kind of advice.But I have faith that the steps you take will be sound and wise.
（　　）The underlined word “sound” means “_____” in the passage.
A.loud　 B.dangerous　 C.reasonable　 D.respectable
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
分析：loud大声的；dangerous危险的；reasonable合理的；respectable值得尊敬的。由并列连词and可知，下划线单词与wise意思相近；结合句意“但我相信你所走的每一步都是明智的”。
C
(圈关键词）
对点训练2
The area’s first residents started living in their floating homes back in around 2010， and， so far， their opinions have been very positive.Rik Bos， who is a resident of Uburg， enjoys admiring the beautiful view from his new house.
（　　）What does the underlined word “residents” mean？
A.Those who sell houses. B.Those who build houses.
C.Those who live in a place. D.Those who work on a river.
C
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
对点训练3
分析：上下文中的 同义复现（living in live in a place）
(圈关键词）
For a long time， Mum and I lived a peaceful life.Then one day，Jim came over for lunch， wearing a blue suit with a short brown tie and a green shirt.I couldn’t believe he was going to be my stepfather（继父）.
Lunch was terrible.Mum kept trying to start a conversation，but neither Jim nor I would say much.Something unpleasant happened， but I didn’t mean to do it.When I was handing Jim his blackberry pie，the plate slipped and the dark purple berries stuck to his shirt and tie.
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
对点训练4
I was mortified.My face turned bright red.Jim looked very surprised at first， but then he began to laugh.I started to laugh， too.Then I had a quick look at my mother.She looked happier than I had seen her before.
（　　）The underlined word “mortified” means “_______ ”.
A.happy B.bored C.embarrassed D.angry
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
分析：happy快乐的；bored无聊的；embarrassed 尴尬的；angry生气的。根据上文的unpleasant可先排除“快乐的”。上一段提到“我”不小心把黑莓酱弄到了Jim的衬衣和领带上，画线词后面也提到了“我”的脸变得通红，可推知“我”因为这件事而感到尴尬，而不是“无聊”或“生气”。
C
(圈关键词）
Sea grasses are flowering plants that grow in waters near coasts.They grow together in thick fields， known as meadows.Sea grass meadows help clean the ocean’s water.They also provide food for animals like fish.The climate change and human pollution are threatening sea grass meadows in many places around the world.
（　　）What does the underlined word “threatening” mean？
A.Giving help to. B.Bringing danger to.
C.Planting more. D.Improving.
B
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
对点训练5（最难）
【解题技巧】
1.确定指代对象是人还是物。
2.往前找最近的名词（或名词短语）
3.注意单复数一致
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
题型3：代词指代题
原文： A robot has these important characteristics. It will also help you decide what you will need to build into a machine before it can be considered as a robot.
（　　） The underlined word “it” refers to ______.
A. the robot B. the characteristic
C. the machine D. the robot’s characteristics
C
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
【例题1】（_________________）
往前找最近的名词
原文： Sea grasses are flowering plants that grow in waters near coasts. They grow together in thick fields, known as meadows. Sea grass meadows help clean the ocean′s water. They also provide food for animals like fish.
( ) What does the second “They” refer to？
A. Coasts B. Meadows C. Fish D. Waters
分析步骤：
1.“They” 是 ______（单数/复数），所以要找 ______（单数/复数）名词。
2.往前最近的______名词是 ______。
3.代入验证：________ also provide food → 符合逻辑。
【例题2】（_________________）
注意单复数一致
B
复数
复数
复数
meadows
meadows中考阅读理解全题型三步进阶学案（基础题）
一、学习目标
能通过题干关键词快速定位原文信息
能区分基础题（细节、词义、代词）的快速解题方法
能掌握中档题（推理、主旨、排序、还原、跨学科、图文）的逻辑分析技巧
能挑战高阶题（写作手法、文章结构、观点态度、人物性格、后续发展、配对阅读）
能分析长难句的核心结构
二、考情速览（2023-2025）
年份 新考法 高频题型
2025
2024
2023
复习重点：
三、阅读理解三步法（通用解题流程）
步骤 名称 任务
第一步 读题干，划关键词 明确“找什么”
第二步 回文定位，锁定答案句 确定“在哪里”
第三步 对比选项，排除干扰 选出“哪一个”
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
题型1：细节理解题
关键词：___________________________________;
疑问词（___________________________________）; 名词（_______）
例题示范
题干： What time does the library close on Sundays？
圈出关键词：__________________________________________________________________
练习1：圈出下列题干中的关键词
How many students took part in the competition last year？
→ 关键词：__________________________________________________________________
Why did the writer feel nervous before the exam？
→ 关键词：__________________________________________________________________
Where can we buy the homemade mint oil？
→ 关键词：__________________________________________________________________
The underlined word “threatening” in Paragraph 2 probably means .
→ 关键词：____________________________________________________________
What is the best title for this passage？
→ 关键词：__________________________________________________________________
练习2：根据题干关键词，快速找到原文中的答案句
短文：The community will be held on Saturday morning, July 5, from 9:00 to 11:50. Only 40 people can join. To book a place, please call Lucy at 345878 by Friday evening.
题干： When will this community event take place？
A. This Friday afternoon B. Next Friday afternoon
C. This Saturday morning D. Next Saturday morning
题干： How many people can take part in the activity？
A. At least forty B. At least fifty C. At most fifty D. At most forty
题干： Why would people call Lucy before the event？
A. To win a gift B. To book a place C. To get mint oil D. To buy some tools
练习3：回文定位，判断下列句子是“对(T)”还是“错(F)”，并写出依据句
短文：
Many students feel stressed before math exams. A study found that sitting up straight can help them do better. Scientists tested 125 college students. They asked them to do a math exam while sitting in a slumped-over (趴倒的) posture, or sitting up straight. After the test, 56% of the students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight.
( )A. All students benefit from sitting up straight.
依据句：_________________________________
( ) C. More than half of the students found the exam easier.
依据句：_________________________________
( ) 1. What can we learn from the passage
A. All students benefit from sitting up straight.
B. Sitting up straight makes no difference to anyone.
C. More than half of the students found the exam easier.
D. Sitting up straight makes the exam more difficult.
常见干扰项陷阱：
_________________：出现 all, never, every（除非原文明确）
_________________：把A的特点说成B的
_________________：文中没提的内容
_________________：选项对但没回答题干
【排序题也要细节理解】
短文（PPT原题A篇）：
To enter the competition, please visit the Centre Shop to pay 5 for each poem. Once the payment is made, please email the poem(s) to poetrycomp@center.uk. Remember to mark Open or ESL in the top right-hand corner of the document before emailing your poem(s).
问题： Which is the correct order for poets to enter the competition？
① Pay 5 for each poem. ② Visit the Centre Shop.
③ Email their poem(s). ④ Mark Open or ESL.
A. ①②③④ B. ②①③④ C. ②①④③ D. ③④②①
依据句（写出原文中的关键词顺序）：________________________________________________
题型2：词义猜测题
【解题技巧】
_________________（_____________________________）
转折：________________________________________________
同义：_______________________________________________________________________________________
____________（_____________________________）
_____________________________
【例题1】（____________________）
原文： Each year, about 2,000 babies in the United States are born with limb differences, like Jordan was. That means they are missing all or part of an arm or a leg.
( ) What does the underlined word “limb” mean？
A.Eyes or ears. B.Noses or mouths. C.Arms or legs. D.Hair or skin.
方法： ________________________________________________
【例题2】（____________________）
原文： Doctors said they would perform an emergency operation to remove her eye.
( ) The underlined word “remove” means ______.
A. take B. fix C. pick D. make
方法： ________________________________________________
【例题3】（____________________）
原文： For some people, rationing（定量供应） now becomes normal. Kelson uses non-drinking water to flush the toilet.
( ) The underlined word “flush” means ______.
A. wash B. fill C. paint D. drive
方法： ________________________________________________
【课下练写1】（____________________）
原文： Some students are unhappy with their exam results, but others feel quite satisfied.
( ) What does “unhappy” means .
A. unpleasant B. very happy C. excited D. tired
依据：________________________________________________
【课下练写2】（____________________）
原文： Although Jerry had achieved great success, he didn’t feel fulfilled. He asked himself, “Is it enough to climb the highest mountains？”
( ) What does “fulfilled” mean？
A. Satisfied B. Lonely C. Patient D. Worried
依据：________________________________________________
【课下练写3】（____________________）
原文： In winter, the bear hibernates in its cave. It does not eat or drink for months until spring comes.
( ) What does “hibernates” probably mean？
A. plays B. sleeps through winter
C. hunts for food D. builds a house
你的答案：______ 依据：________________________________________________
题型3：代词指代题
【解题技巧】
确定指代对象是_____还是______。
________找最近的________（或________）
注意___________一致
【例题1】（____________________）
原文： A robot has these important characteristics. It will also help you decide what you will need to build into a machine before it can be considered as a robot.
( ) The underlined word “it” refers to ______.
A. the robot B. the characteristic C. the machine D. the robot’s characteristics
分析： ________________________________________________
【例题2】（____________________）
原文： Sea grasses are flowering plants that grow in waters near coasts. They grow together in thick fields, known as meadows. Sea grass meadows help clean the ocean′s water. They also provide food for animals like fish.
( ) What does the second “They” refer to？
A. Coasts B. Meadows C. Fish D. Waters
分析步骤：
“They” 是 ______（单数/复数），所以要找 ______（单数/复数）名词。
往前最近的______名词是 ____________。
代入验证：_______________ also provide food → 符合逻辑。
【课下练写4】（____________________）
原文： The cat was sleeping on the sofa. When it heard a noise, it ran away.
问题： The underlined word “it” refers to ______.
A. the sofa B. the noise C. the cat D. the room
分析步骤：
“it” 是 ______（单数/复数），所以要找 ______（单数/复数）名词。
往前最近的______名词是 ______。
代入验证：______ 代入后“ heard a noise” → 符合逻辑。
中考阅读理解全题型三步进阶学案（基础题）· 参考答案
二、考情速览（2023-2025）
年份 新考法 高频题型
2025 图片排序、AI配对阅读 细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测
2024 内容还原、跨学科综合 主旨大意、代词指代
2023 写作意图题首次出现 逻辑排序、段落大意
复习重点：词汇拓展 + 逻辑推理 + 跨学科思维
三、阅读理解三步法（通用解题流程）
步骤 名称 任务
第一步 读题干，划关键词 明确“找什么”
第二步 回文定位，锁定答案句 确定“在哪里”
第三步 对比选项，排除干扰 选出“哪一个”
第一部分：基础题——快速定位，准确得分
题型1：细节理解题
关键词： 人名、地名、数字、时间、大写词；疑问词（what, when, where, why, how）；名词（主题词）
例题示范
题干：What time does the library close on Sundays？
圈出关键词：time, library, close, Sundays
练习1：圈出下列题干中的关键词
How many students took part in the competition last year？
→ 关键词：How many, students, competition, last year
Why did the writer feel nervous before the exam？
→ 关键词：Why, writer, nervous, exam
Where can we buy the homemade mint oil？
→ 关键词：Where, buy, homemade mint oil
The underlined word “threatening” in Paragraph 2 probably means ______.
→ 关键词：underlined word, threatening, Paragraph 2, means
What is the best title for this passage？
→ 关键词：best title, passage
练习2：根据题干关键词，快速找到原文中的答案句
短文： The community event will be held on Saturday morning, July 5, from 9:00 to 11:50. Only 40 people can join. To book a place, please call Lucy at 345878 by Friday evening.
题干1：When will this community event take place？
答案：C. This Saturday morning
依据句：Saturday morning, July 5
题干2：How many people can take part in the activity？
答案：D. At most forty
依据句：Only 40 people can join
题干3：Why would people call Lucy before the event？
答案：B. To book a place
依据句：To book a place, please call Lucy
练习3：回文定位，判断下列句子是“对(T)”还是“错(F)”，并写出依据句
短文： Many students feel stressed before math exams... 56% of the students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight.
( F ) A. All students benefit from sitting up straight.
依据句：56% of the students said the exam was easier → 不是所有学生
( T ) C. More than half of the students found the exam easier.
依据句：56% of the students said the exam was easier (56% > 50%)
选择题：What can we learn from the passage？
A. All students benefit...
B. Sitting up straight makes no difference...
C. More than half of the students found the exam easier.
D. Sitting up straight makes the exam more difficult.
答案：C
常见干扰项陷阱：
绝对化：出现 all, never, every（除非原文明确）
张冠李戴：把A的特点说成B的
无中生有：文中没提的内容
答非所问：选项对但没回答题干
【排序题也要细节理解】
短文（PPT原题A篇）：
To enter the competition, please visit the Centre Shop to pay 5 for each poem. Once the payment is made, please email the poem(s) to... Remember to mark Open or ESL in the top right-hand corner of the document before emailing.
问题： Which is the correct order？
① Pay 5 ② Visit Centre Shop ③ Email poem(s) ④ Mark Open or ESL
A. ①②③④ B. ②①③④ C. ②①④③ D. ③④②①
答案：C. ②①④③
依据句（关键词顺序）：visit the Centre Shop → pay 5 → mark Open or ESL → email
题型2：词义猜测题
【解题技巧】
上下文逻辑（因果、转折、同义）
转折：but, however, instead, yet 等
同义：定语从句、破折号、逗号、or, and, in other words, that’s to say, namely 等
构词法（re-, un-, -ful, -less 等）
常识推断
【例题1】（上下文逻辑）
原文：...born with limb differences... That means they are missing all or part of an arm or a leg.
( ) What does “limb” mean？
答案：C. Arms or legs
方法：后文直接解释（同义复现）
【例题2】（构词法）
原文：...operation to remove her eye.
( ) “remove” means ______. A. take B. fix C. pick D. make
答案：A. take
方法：re-（相反）+ move（移动）→ 移开 → 摘除
【例题3】（常识推断）
原文：Kelson uses non-drinking water to flush the toilet.
( ) “flush” means ______. A. wash B. fill C. paint D. drive
答案：A. wash
方法：生活常识 → 冲洗厕所
【课下练写1】（构词法）
原文：Some students are unhappy with their exam results...
( ) “unhappy” means ______. A. not happy B. very happy C. excited D. tired
答案：A. not happy
依据：un- 表示“不”，happy 是“快乐”，所以 unhappy = 不快乐
【课下练写2】（上下文逻辑）
原文：Although Jerry had achieved great success, he didn’t feel fulfilled. He asked, “Is it enough...？”
( ) “fulfilled” means ______. A. Satisfied B. Lonely C. Patient D. Worried
答案：A. Satisfied
依据：他反问“攀登最高峰就够了吗？” → 说明不满足
【课下练写3】（常识推断）
原文：In winter, the bear hibernates in its cave. It does not eat or drink for months.
( ) “hibernates” probably means ______.
A. plays B. sleeps through winter C. hunts for food D. builds a house
答案：B. sleeps through winter
依据：冬天在洞穴里几个月不吃不喝 → 冬眠
题型3：代词指代题
【解题技巧】
确定指代对象是人还是物。
往前找最近的名词（或名词短语）
注意单复数一致
【例题1】（往前找最近的名词）
原文：...build into a machine before it can be considered as a robot.
( ) “it” refers to ______.
A. the robot B. the characteristic C. the machine D. the robot’s characteristics
答案：C. the machine
分析：往前找最近的名词单数 → machine
【例题2】（注意单复数一致）
原文：Sea grasses... They grow... known as meadows. Sea grass meadows... They also provide food...
( ) What does the second “They” refer to？
A. Coasts B. Meadows C. Fish D. Waters
答案：B. Meadows
分析步骤：
“They” 是 复数，所以要找 复数 名词。
往前最近的 复数 名词是 meadows。
代入验证：meadows also provide food → 符合逻辑。
【课下练写4】（往前找最近的名词）
原文：The cat was sleeping on the sofa. When it heard a noise, it ran away.
( ) “it” refers to ______.
A. the sofa B. the noise C. the cat D. the room
答案：C. the cat
分析步骤：
“it” 是 单数，所以要找 单数 名词。
往前最近的 单数 名词是 the cat。
代入验证：the cat heard a noise → 符合逻辑。

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