资源简介

(共31张PPT)
Unit 8
Section 2 Grammar
沪教版2024英语（八年级下）
Imagine that!
学习目标
I can
express my opinion about the possibility of life on other planets.
understand some instructions for surviving in the unknown.
describe ways of solving problems when we explore the unknown.
understand how science fiction authors imagine possible futures.
01
新
课
导
入
03
应
用
实
践
06
回
顾
总
结
07
随
堂
小
练
02
学
习
理
解
04
迁
移
创
新
05
考
点
速
递
学习内容
新课导入
1
1. As all the seats were full he stood up.
2. The country is not strong because it is large.
3. This boy didn’t do his homework because of skating.
4. I was late because of the heavy traffic.
5. Since /As we’ve no money, we can’t buy it.
6. Since everyone is here, let’s start the meeting.
Read and pay attention to the words in red:
We call these sentences Adverbial clauses of reason .(原因状语从句）
学习理解
02
Adverbial clauses of reason
Adverbial clauses of reason tell us why things happen.
Read the summary of the story on page 117. Pay attention to the words in bold. Then answer the questions.
At midnight, there was a loud noise because a spaceship crashed in the forest. As it was too late to go outside, Tina and her brother Tom decided to go and have a look the next day instead. They found the spaceship in the forest. The spaceship couldn't fly because of the damage. Tina and Tom saw the spaceship and some strange creatures in the forest. Since no one else saw the aliens, their father refused to believe them.
(1) Why was there a loud noise last night
(2) Why couldn't the spaceship fly
There was a loud noise last night because a spaceship crashed in the forest. / Because a spaceship crashed in the forest, there was a loud noise last night.
Because of the damage, the spaceship couldn't fly. /The spaceship couldn’t fly because of the damage.
We usually use because, as and since to introduce adverbial clauses of reason.
As / Because / Since no one else saw these aliens, I refuse to believe you.
We can put the adverbial clause of reason either before or after the main clause.
I refuse to believe you as / because / since no one else saw these aliens.
语 法 讲 解
A 原因状语从句
在句中表示原因、理由的从句叫原因状语从句。
1 引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有because, since, as。
2 表示语气的强弱顺序是：because﹥ since﹥ as。
3 这些连词都不能和so连用。
4 当原因状语从句放于句首时，通常要用逗号与主句隔开。
引导词because
1 because强调明确直接的因果关系，回答“why”问题。如：
She didn’t come to school because she was ill.
她没来上学是因为病了。
— Why was he angry 他为什么生气？
— Because I was late. 因为我迟到了。
2 because从句可与for互换，但for是并列连词，连接的是并列句，并且在for前必须有逗号隔开。如：
We must start early because it will take us 3 hours to drive there.
我们要早点出发，因为开车去那儿要3个小时。
= We must start early, for it will take us 3 hours to drive there.
引导词since
1 since表示明摆着的理由或原因，常译为“既然”。如：
Since you have finished your homework, you can take a rest.
既然你已完成了作业，那就休息一下吧。
2 since还可引导时间状语从句，表示“自从……以来”。如：
We’ve known each other since we were children.
我们从孩提时代起就相识了。
引导词as
1 as语气最弱，表示附带说明的原因。如：
As you’re busy, you needn’t go to see him today.
你很忙，就没必要今天去看他了。
2 as还可引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”、“随着……”。如：
He dropped the glass as he stood up. 他站起来时，把杯子摔了。
We get wiser as we get old.
随着年龄的增长，我们也变得聪明些了。
because与 because of的区别
because和because of的意思都是“因为；由于”。 但because 是连词，其后接句子。because of 是复合介词，其后接名词、代词、动名词、what 从句等。如：
She doesn’t go to school because she is ill.
= She doesn’t go to school because of her illness.
她没来上学因为她生病了。
其他可以引导原因状语从句的连词：
now that: 表示“既然”,指由于新出现的情况而做某事。
Now that the semester is over,we can take a vacation.
既然学期结束了，我们 可以去度假了。
seeing that: 表示“既然”“由于”,和since 意思接近。
Seeing that you're not interested, I won't bother you.
既然你没兴趣，我就不 打扰你了。
应用实践
03
1 The police officer asked Tom some more questions about the aliens. Match the questions with the answers. Then use them to complete the officer's notes with as, since, because or because of. Remember to write complete sentences.
Police officer's notes
(because of) _______________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
(because)__________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
(3)(as)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(4)(Since)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Since no one else saw these aliens, Tina and Tom's father refused to believe them.
Tina was sure that something landed in the forest near the hills because of a loud noise last night.
Tina and Tom hid behind some bushes because they heard some voices speaking a strange language.
Tina and Tom ran away as an alien saw them and made a terrible noise.
迁移创新
04
2 Do you think aliens exist Why or why not Read the news headlines and discuss the questions in pairs.
Aliens exist and they could be living among us, says Britain's first astronaut
Why some experts believe alien life might really exist
Aliens may not exist and we are perhaps totally alone in the universe scientists say
S1: Since life exists on Earth, it is possible for it to exist on other
planets too.
S2: I agree. As there are so many planets in the universe, we’ll
discover alien life one day.
S1: I think aliens exist, because the universe has countless planets like Earth.
S2: I agree. Since life can appear on Earth, it may also appear on other planets.
S1: I believe alien life might really exist, as many experts have the same idea.
S2: That’s right. Since space is so big, there must be other living things.
S1: I don’t think aliens exist, because we have no real evidence so far.
S2: I agree. As no one has seen real aliens, we may be alone in the universe.
回顾总结
06
1.掌握because、since、as原因状语从句和because of短语的基本结构与核心用法，明确四种表达的基础句式，能在简单语境中规范运用句式表达因果关系。
2.精准区分四类表达的语气强弱、使用场景差异，规避because of后接短语、because后接从句、since/as用于回答why问句等典型错误，在复杂科幻情境中灵活选用句式精准表意。
3.依托单元科幻想象主题，感受英语语言逻辑表达的严谨性。
课堂小练
07
一、选择最佳答案填空。
1. I called the police ____ the terrible noise.
A. because of B. because C. since D. as
2. ____ I’m very tired, I am going to bed early.
A. Until B. As C. Though D. While
3. ____ no one knows the truth, we don’t believe what he said.
A. Whether B. When C. While D. Since
4. We believe there are aliens ____ these photos of UFOs.
A. since B. because C. as D. because of
5. ______ everyone is here, let’s start to discuss how to rescue them.
A. Since B. But C. Or D. So
6. He didn’t go to the cinema not ____ the bad weather, but _____ he
didn’t want to see the film.
A. because of; because of B. because; because of
C. because; because D. because of; because
7. The road up to the top of the mountain is still closed till the snow
weather is over.
— It’s necessary, _____ it’s dangerous to go up the mountain in the
snowy weather.
A. if B. whether C. as D. although
8. The exam must be very difficult, ______ many students failed.
A. though B. so C. for D. but
（二）句型转换。
1 The students didn’t need to go to school because there was a storm.
The students didn’t need to go to school __________ ____ the storm.
2 He was ill, so he didn’t go to school.
__________________ he was ill, he didn’t go to school.
3 He couldn’t walk because his leg was broken.
He couldn’t walk ____________ ____ his _________ leg.
4 I came back because it was raining heavily.
I came back ___________ ____ the ________ rain.
5 My parents were angry because of my poor marks in the exam.
My parents were angry _________ I got poor marks in the exam.
because of
Because / Since
because of broken
because of heavy
because
（三）完成句子。
1 他因为一场事故失去了双亲。
He lost his parents __________ _____ an accident.
2 既然你已经在这儿了，何不多待两天？
____________ you are here, why not stay for two more days
3 你生病了，最好去看看医生。
____________ you are ill, you’d better go to see a doctor.
4 我没去那里，因为我不想见到他。
I didn’t go there _________ I didn’t want to see him.
5 因为要赶去火车站，他们很早就起床了。
_________________ they needed to go to the train station, they got up early.
because of
Since / As
Since / As
because
Because / Since / As
四、翻译句子
1.鸟儿们因为听到奇怪的声音而恐惧地飞走了。（because）
The birds flew away in fear because they heard strange sounds.
2.由于大家都很忙，我将自己完成这项工作。(As...)
As everyone is busy, I will finish the work by myself.
3.既然地球上能孕育生命，那么其他星球上也有可能出现生命。（since）
Since life can appear on Earth, it may also appear on other planets.
4.既然你已经知道事实真相，你就没有必要那么伤心了。(since)
Since you have known the truth, there is no need to be so sad.
5.因为受损，这艘宇宙飞船无法飞行。（because of）
The spaceship couldn't fly because of the damage.
Thank you！

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