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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第三章 冠词
二、考点跟踪解读
1.不定冠词a和an的概念及基本用法。
2. 定冠词the 的概念及基本用法。
3. “零冠词”的概念及基本用法。
4. 习惯用语中冠词的位置及使用方法。
三、要点精讲全解
冠词是一种虚词，不能单独作句子成份，它们一般用于名词之前。冠词有不定冠词（a, an）和定冠词（the）之分。
（一）a、an、the的区别
不定冠词有a和an两种形式，表示泛指，相当于汉语中的“一”。a用于辅音音素开头的单数的可数名词前，an用于元音音素开头的单数的可数名词之前。定冠词the，相当于this, that, these, those，表示特指。一个事物初次提到用a或an，再次提到用the。如：
This is a book. The book is mine. 这是一本书，这本书是我的。
The book on the desk is mine. 在桌子上的书是我的。
（二）不定冠词的用法
用法 例句
泛指某一类人、事或物 An elephant is bigger than a horse.
泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。有“每一”的含义。 We go skateboarding once a month. He goes to school five days a week.
表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。 There is a bird in the tree. I have a good friend.
用于某些固定词组中 a lot of, a few/little/ bit, a pair /piece of, have a good time, a number of, make a living
（三）定冠词的用法
用法 例词或例句
特指某(些)人或事物。 The girl in red is my sister.
指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。 Open the window, please.
指上文已经提到的人或事物。 I have a car. The car is red.
指世界上独一无二的事物。 Which is bigger, the sun or the earth
用在序数词，形容词最高级前。 The first lesson is the easiest of all.
用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。 Have you been to the Great Wall
用在某些形容词前，表示某一类人。 the young, the old, the rich
用在乐器名称前。 She plays the piano every day.
用在某些固定词组中 in the morning/afternoon/evening, on the left/right, in the middle of, all the same/ time, by the way
（四）零冠词的用法
用法 例词或例句
在专有名词和不可数名词前。 Class Two, Tian’an Men Square, water
可数名词前已有作定语的物主代词(my，your，his，her等)、指示代词(this/these，that/those)、不定代词(some，any等)及所有格时 She is my friend.Whose bike is this He goes to work every day.
复数名词表示一类人或事物时。 Tigers like meat.
在星期，月份，季节，节日前。 on Sunday, in March, in spring, Women’s Day
在学科，三餐和球类运动名称前。 He plays soccer every day.
用于某些固定词组中 go to school/work/bed, at home/work, in bed, in/on time, at once/noon, by bus/ bike/ car/ train/ subway, in surprise
四、思维误区警示
（一） a, an的用法
【例题解析】
1.（福州）－Do you have _____pen －Yes, I have one.
A. a B. an C. the 　 D. /
答案：A。在以辅音音素开头的单词前，不定冠词要用a。
２. （盐城） Bob is _____eleven-year-old boy, but he knows a lot about Chinese history.
A. an B. a C. the D. /
答案：Ａ。eleven-year-old是以元音开头的单词。
　【易错知识点解析】
a用于辅音音素开头的词前，an用于元音音素开头的词前。
（二）定冠词的用法
【例题解析】
1.（浙江） Look at _______ skirt, I bought it for Mum on Mother’s Day. Isn’t it nice
A. a B. an C. the D. /
答案：Ｃ。特指某些人或某些事物用定冠词。
２.（温州）－Where’s ________key to my bike, Jim －It’s in your bag.
A. a B. an C. the D./
答案：Ｃ。特指双方都知道的人或物用定冠词。
【易错知识点解析】
定冠词the的最基本的用法是表示特指，也可表示双方都知道的人或事物。
（三）“零冠词”的用法
【例题解析】
1.（湖北省孝感市）People often go skating in _________ winter.
　　A. / B. a C. an D. the
　　　答案：Ａ。在季节前不加冠词the.
2.（天津市）Jack enjoys watching TV, while Tom is interested in listening to______ music.
　 A. the 　　　　B. / 　　　C. a 　　　D. an
　答案：Ｂ。在不可数名词music前不加冠词。
【易错知识点解析】
一般在星期、月份、季节、三餐和球类前不加冠词the, 但在乐器前要加冠词the。
（四）综合考查
【例题解析】
1.（汕头）People like to see films on ______TV instead of going to______ cinema.
A. the; the B. /; the C. the; /
答案：Ｂ。“在电视中”是on TV，“去看电影”是go to the cinema。均为固定搭配。
２.（临沂）Pass me ____dictionary next to the radio, and I also need ___ pen to write something.
A. a, a B. the, the C. the, a D. a, the
答案：C。表示特指用the, 表示“一”这个数量在辅音前用a。
３.（徐州） In the United States, Father’s Day falls on _____ third Sunday in _____ June.
A. the; / 　 B. the; a 　 C. /; the 　 D. a; /
答案：A。定冠词the常用在序数词前。季节、月份等前一般不用冠词。
【易错知识点解析】
不定冠词表示泛指，定冠词表示特指。熟记不用冠词的用法和一些固定搭配是做好本类题的关键。
【中考演练】
I. 单项选择。
1. There is ________ apple tree in my garden. It’s over 10 years old.
　　 A. the B. a C. an D. /
2. I looked under ________ table and found ________ pen I lost yesterday.
　 A. the; a B. the; the C. /; the D. the; /
3. I learned to play ________ piano at the age of four.
　 A. a B. an C. the D. /
4. —It’s ________ nice day, isn’t it
　—Yes, what ________ fine weather!
　　A. a; a B. the; the C. a; / D. the; /
5. —Why did you laugh just now
　 —Ted wanted to tell us ________ very funny story, but he forget ________ end himself.
　　 A. /; the B. a; an C. a; the D. the; the
6. Which bigger ___ elephant or ___ horse
A. a; the B. an; a C. the; an D. an; the
7. A little boy wrote_______ “U” and_______ “n” on the wall.
A. a; an B. an; a C. an; an D. a; a
8. ___ girl in ___ Grade Three is ___ tallest in our school.
A. The, the, the B. A, a, a C. The, /, the D. A, /, a
9. Mary is ____ only girl who has been to American.
A. a B. the C. an D. /
10. I He likes playing_______ piano, he doesn't like playing______ football.
A. the, the B. the, / C. / , the D. /, /
II. 根据需要，在必要的地方填入冠词。
1. There is _______ woman over there． _______ woman is Meimei’s mother.
2. This is _______ useful book. I’ve read it for _______ hour.
3. Tomorrow is _______ Christmas Day and my father and I went to choose _______ Christmas tree today
4. I often watch _______ TV in _______ evening.
5. _______ Changjiang River is _______ longest river in _______ China.
6. ______ old man is ______ teacher. He likes playing _____ basketball after _____ supper.
7. He often goes to _______ school by _______ bike.
8. ________second question is __________easiest of all.
9. Beijing is ________ capital of __________ China.
10. I often get to ______ school at about 7：30 in _____morning and I have _____lunch in ______ middle of ______day.
III.阅读下面的短文，在必要的地方填入适当的冠词。
A friend of mine, Sandy Milton, wanted to become a dancer when she was 1 girl. Every morning before school she used to practice in 2 living room at home. Dancers need 3 lot of exercise, so Sandy used to go to the gym two or three times 4 week. In 5 end she got a job in 6 theatre company and became 7 actress. In 8 fact, last week I saw her in 9 program on 10 TV!
第三章　冠词
I.１－５CBCCC 6－１０BACBB
Ⅱ. 1. a, the 2. a, an 3. /, a 4. /, the 5. The, the, /
6. The, a, / 7. /; / 8.The, the 9.the, / 10. /, the, / , the, the 5.the, /
Ⅲ.1. a 2. the 3. a 4.a 5 .the 6. a 7.an 8. / 9.a 10./
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