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/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年七年级英语下册沪教版（2024）单元素养评价培优卷
Unit 5 Water is life
温馨提示：
1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。满分120分。考试用时90分钟。考试结束后，将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
2.答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座号填写在试题卷和答题卡规定的位置上。
3.第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答案不能答在试题卷上。
4.第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试题卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共65分）
一、选择填空（共10小题，计10分）
从A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
1．— Can you speak English — Yes, but only ________.
A．a little B．a lot C．much D．many
2．—I watched a movie last night. It lasted (持续) _________ three hours.
—That’s really too long.
A．nearly B．just C．most D．suddenly
3．—Don’t ________ your answers. You should think carefully.
—Thanks. I will double-check my work.
A．practise B．explain C．guess D．rush
4．It’s difficult to hear your ________ because of the ________ of the traffic.
A．noise; voice B．noise; voice C．noise; sound D．voice; noise
5．I have a little ________ and a few ________ for breakfast.
A．porridge; strawberry B．cookies; mutton C．dumplings; beef D．porridge; strawberries
6．My grandfather likes walking in the park in his ________ life.
A．everyday B．every day C．some day D．one day
7．Many factories stop pouring dirty water into rivers. ________, the water becomes cleaner.
A．As a result B．Such as C．So that D．In fact
8．—We can have a rest in the square near our community.
—Great. It’s a ________ place for old people to relax.
A．public B．private C．busy D．dry
9．—Be careful with the glass! If you ________ it on the floor, it will break into pieces.
—Thank you for reminding me.
A．hold B．drop C．give D．throw
10．—________ milk do we need for the cake
—Only one bottle.
A．How many B．How much C．How long D．How often
二、完形填空（共10小题，计10分）
The whole world is short of 11 . Saving the energy is very 12 . As a student, we can do 13 in our daily lives. For example, we should 14 the light when we don’t use it. We should take a shower instead of a bath to 15 water. Don’t keep the tap running when you wash your face 16 brush your teeth. When we go shopping, we can 17 cloth bags instead of using plastic bags. Many people write on only one side of their paper. Why not 18 using both To save the energy, we should also fight against 19 . Recycling old newspapers, glasses, cans and waste paper is also a good idea. 20 work hard together to save the energy.
11．A．time B．money C．power D．energy
12．A．smart B．convenient C．harmful D．important
13．A．a bit B．nothing C．a lot D．enough
14．A．switch on B．switch off C．put on D．take off
15．A．save B．produce C．waste D．heat
16．A．for B．but C．or D．then
17．A．take B．tidy C．tick D．touch
18．A．stop B．continue C．enjoy D．try
19．A．pollution B．disease C．chemicals D．electricity
20．A．Let’s not B．Let’s C．Don’t D．We
三、阅读理解（共20小题，计40分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出能正确回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
A
Do you sometimes forget to turn off the tap when you leave the classroom If you do, you might waste a lot of water. Water is very important for us. But some places don’t have enough water. What can we do We can collect rainwater.
How does it work It is easy and useful. First, find some clean big boxes. Put them on the roof (屋顶) of your house. When it rains, rainwater runs into the boxes. Second, there is a small machine in the box called a “filter.” The filter cleans the water. It keeps the dirty sand and litter out. Finally, the clean water is ready. You can use it to water flowers. You can also use it to clean the floor. This helps us save water. Let’s all try to save water and protect our home!
Why is it important Water is valuable. Many places do not have enough fresh water. Rainwater collecting gives us a second chance to use water. It saves energy, too. Because we do not need to carry water from far away.
In the future, more schools and homes will use this way. Let’s learn to save water and live a greener life!
21．Why do we need to collect rainwater
A．Because rainwater is very expensive.
B．Because it is hard to collect rainwater.
C．Because we have too much clean water.
D．Because some places don’t have enough water.
22．What does the underlined word “filter” mean in Chinese
A．容器 B．加热器 C．过滤器 D．排水管
23．Which is the correct order of collecting the rainwater
① The clean water is ready
② Rainwater runs into the boxes.
③ The filter cleans the dirty water.
A．②-③-① B．①-②-③ C．③-②-① D．②-①-③
24．What can the filter do
A．It can make the box big.
B．It can make the water dirty.
C．It can help the rainwater run away.
D．It can keep the sand out and clean the water.
25．What is the main idea of the passage
A．We should buy more big boxes.
B．We should live in a big house with a roof.
C．We should collect rainwater to save water.
D．We should use more clean water every day.
B
Hello, everyone! My name is Jack. I am a shark. And I have lived in the sea for over twenty years. I’m still young because we sharks can usually live up to about 70 years old. But now, many of my family die (死亡) from one thing—plastic.
There is a sea of plastic bags and bottles in the sea. So, the sea looks like a big rubbish bin. And the sea water is very dirty and there is little food for us. Many of my family eat some plastic and die because plastic is poisonous. What’s more, it can’t break down in a short time.
So, we hope you all can do something for the sea. First, please clean up the sea. What’s more, don’t throw plastic waste into the sea. It is really bad for us. Finally, please stop using too much plastic. It will make a big difference when many people start to use a little less (更少的) plastic, I think. Please do it now.
26．How old is Jack now
A．Over 20. B．Over 50. C．Over 70. D．Over 100
27．Why do many of Jack’s family die
A．They are too old to move. B．They eat too much food.
C．They eat too much plastic. D．They fight against each other.
28．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “poisonous”
A．Safe to eat. B．Bad for the shark.
C．Good for the shark. D．Useful to everything.
29．Why did the writer write this passage
A．To make people know about the shark.
B．To ask people to pick up the plastic.
C．To lead people to visit the sea one day.
D．To ask people to try their best to protect the sea.
30．What is the best title for the text
A．Throw Rubbish into the Sea.
B．Plastic Waste on the Land.
C．Use Less Plastic, Make a Big Difference.
D．A shark in the Sea.
C
On March 29, 2026, Shanghai started its first “Plastic-free Takeaway Day”. The activity encouraged people to say no to plastic forks, spoons, knives, and straws when they order food online.
On that day, many people in Shanghai chose bamboo chopsticks and spoons instead of plastic ones. Some people even brought their own lunch boxes to get food from restaurants. The restaurants also did their part—they used paper bags or bamboo boxes to pack food. A young man named Li Wei said, “Using bamboo chopsticks feels good. I know I am helping the Earth.”
This activity is very important for protecting our environment. Plastic pollution has become a serious problem in big cities. Every year, people throw away millions of plastic forks and spoons. Most of them end up in landfills or the ocean, and they take hundreds of years to break down. They can harm animals and make the water dirty.
By reducing the use of plastic, we can make our city cleaner and greener. Many young people supported this activity. They said they would continue to use eco-friendly products in the future. A student from a middle school in Shanghai said, “I will bring my own chopsticks to school every day. It is a small change, but it helps a lot.”
Shanghai’s “Plastic-free Takeaway Day” is a great example for other cities. If everyone does a little, together we can make a big difference for our planet.
31．What did some restaurants use to pack food on “Plastic-free Takeaway Day”
A．Plastic bags B．Glass boxes
C．Paper bags or bamboo boxes D．Metal containers
32．What does the underlined phrase “break down” most probably mean
A．分解 B．破裂 C．摔倒 D．失败
33．Why is the “Plastic-free Takeaway Day” important
A．Because it reduces plastic pollution.
B．Because it makes food taste better.
C．Because it helps restaurants save money.
D．Because it asks people to eat less takeaway food.
34．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．The activity was not very successful.
B．Other cities will soon start similar activities.
C．People in Shanghai no longer use any plastic.
D．Shanghai is the only city that cares about the environment.
35．Where can we find this article
A．In a science magazine. B．In a travel guide.
C．In a newspaper. D．In a history book.
D
Teacher: Good morning, class! Today we’re going to discuss how to save water. Who wants to share your ideas
Lisa: Good morning! I think we should reuse water. For example, we can use the water from washing rice to water flowers. It’s good for both flowers and water saving.
Teacher: Great idea, Lisa! What about you, Tom
Tom: I think we should take quick showers. My mom says a long shower wastes a lot of water. A 5-minute shower is enough.
Teacher: That’s right. Taking quick showers is a simple way to save water. Amy, do you have any advice
Amy: Yes! We should stop throwing rubbish into rivers and lakes. Pollution is bad for water. We need to protect clean water.
Teacher: Excellent! What else
Jack: We can make posters to tell our family and friends about saving water. Many people don’t know the importance of water.
Teacher: You’re all right. Let’s take action and save every drop of water.
36．What is the class discussing
A．How to reuse water. B．How to save water.
C．How to protect flowers. D．How to make posters.
37．What does Lisa suggest doing
A．Taking quick showers. B．Stopping throwing rubbish.
C．Reusing water to water flowers. D．Making posters.
38．How long does Tom think a shower should be
A．5 minutes. B．10 minutes. C．15 minutes. D．20 minutes.
39．Why does Amy suggest stopping throwing rubbish into rivers
A．Because it’s bad for water. B．Because it’s bad for flowers.
C．Because it’s bad for showers. D．Because it’s bad for posters.
40．What does Jack want to do to save water
A．Reuse water. B．Take quick showers.
C．Protect clean water. D．Make posters to call on others.
四、短文还原（共5小题，计5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Natural landscapes are very important to us. They give us beautiful views and fresh air. 41 Here are some useful tips for you.
42 When you visit a natural park, don’t throw rubbish everywhere. Take your rubbish with you and put it in the bin. Rubbish can pollute the environment and hurt animals.
43 Don’t pick flowers or break trees in the forest. Don’t take stones or rocks away from the mountains. These things are part of the natural landscape.
44 Follow the rules when you visit a natural place. Don’t go into the areas that are not open to visitors. It is dangerous and may damage the landscape.
45 Tell your friends and family about the importance of protecting natural landscapes. The more people know, the more they will do to help.
备选项:
A．Don’t damage the plants and rocks.
B．First, don’t leave rubbish in nature.
C．We should protect them well.
D．It’s important to keep the natural places clean.
E．Follow the rules of the natural parks.
F．We can also tell others to protect nature.
G．We should not go to the natural places.
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题；共55分）
五、词汇应用（共10 小题，计10分）
阅读下面短文，根据语境在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的适当形式（不超过两个词），要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Hello, my name is Anna. Last week, my father 46 (share) a text about protecting the earth with me. It’s meaningful.
The earth is 47 wonderful place. There 48 (be) forests, rivers and mountains. There are also different seasons and weather. Spring is warm. It often rains 49 (sudden) in summer. In autumn, leaves (树叶) are 50 (color). In winter, it is often cold and snowy, so it’s very exciting to make 51 (snowman).
The earth provides air, water and food 52 us. We think the earth is our home, 53 today there is some pollution (污染) on the earth. Some people throw litter everywhere. Some people put dirty water into rivers. We must stop doing these things to protect the earth for 54 (we) future.
I want 55 (make) friends with junior high school students from all over the world. If you have something good to share with me, email me, please.
六、选词填空（共10小题，计10分）
从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确、通顺 (每词限用一次)。
duty our count save good earth environment different they power reusable litter
The beautiful earth (地球) is our home, and it’s our 56 to protect it. Every day, we can do some small things to help protect the 57 .
For example, we should turn off the lights when we leave a room. This can save 58 . We should also use 59 bags when we go shopping. Plastic bags are bad for the earth.
Planting trees is another 60 way to protect the environment (环境). Trees can give us oxygen and clean the air. We should plant more trees and take care of 61 .
In addition, we should not 62 everywhere. We should put rubbish in the bin. Keeping our surroundings clean is everyone’s responsibility.
By doing these small things, we can make a big 63 . Let’s work together to protect our beautiful earth for 64 and for future generations. Remember, every little effort (努力) 65 !
七、阅读表达（共5小题，计10分）
阅读短文，回答问题 (每小题答案不超过6个单词)。
Qinghai Lake is one of the most beautiful lakes in China. And it is also China’s largest saltwater lake. The lake is very clean and blue, and it looks just like a big blue mirror. There are many interesting places to visit: Bird Island and rapeseed flower (油菜花) seas.
Every April, lots of birds come to Bird Island to lay eggs (产卵) . And before winter, they fly south. There are many different kinds of birds. May is the best month to see the birds here.
From July to September, you can see the rape flower seas near Qinghai Lake. Walk in the yellow flower seas and you will feel very happy and forget all your worries.
But these years Qinghai Lake is getting smaller. People worry about it very much. We must do something to protect the beautiful lake.
66．What is the water in Qinghai Lake like
67．Why do many birds go to Bird Island every April
68．Which is the best month to see the birds on Bird Island
69．How long do the rape flower seas last
70．What can we do to protect Qinghai Lake
八、书面表达（共1题，计25分）
71．水是我们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分，地球上的一切生物都离不开水，但是世界上很多地区已经处于严重缺水的状态。请根据下面表格的提示，以“How to save water”为题，写一篇不少于70 词的英语文章，可适当发挥。
水的重要性 生物生存离不开水；水对于生产(production) 很重要。
节约用水的具体方法 关掉水龙头；使用用过的水灌溉植物。
How to save water
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．A
【解析】句意：——你会说英语吗？——会，但只会一点。
a little一点，修饰不可数名词；a lot很多；much许多，修饰不可数名词；many许多，修饰可数名词复数。根据“but”表转折及“only”可知，此处表示只会“一点”英语，且English在此处指语言能力，为不可数名词。故选A。
2．A
【解析】句意：——我昨晚看了一场电影。它持续了差不多三个小时。——那真的太长了。
nearly几乎，差不多；just刚刚，仅仅；most最，大多数；suddenly突然地。根据“That’s really too long.”可知，电影持续时间很长，几乎有三个小时，用副词nearly修饰动词lasted。应填nearly。
3．D
【解析】句意：——不要急于给出你的答案。你应该仔细思考。——谢谢。我会仔细检查我的作业的。
practise练习；explain解释；guess猜测；rush仓促行事、匆忙。根据答句“I will double-check my work.”，前句强调不要匆忙给出答案，要仔细思考，此处表示“匆忙”，应填rush。
4．D
【解析】句意：很难听到你的声音，因为交通噪音太大了。
voice指人说话或唱歌的声音；sound泛指一切声音；noise指噪音、喧闹声。根据“hear your...”可知此处指人的嗓音，应用voice；根据“traffic”可知此处指交通噪音，应填noise。
5．D
【解析】句意：我早餐喝一点粥，吃几个草莓。
porridge粥；strawberry草莓；cookies饼干；mutton羊肉；dumplings饺子；beef牛肉；strawberries草莓（复数）。a little后接不可数名词，a few后接可数名词复数。porridge是不可数名词，可用a little修饰；strawberries是可数名词复数，可用a few修饰。cookies、dumplings是可数名词复数，不能用a little修饰；mutton、beef是不可数名词，不能用a few修饰；strawberry是单数形式，不能用a few修饰。因此只有porridge和strawberries符合用法。
6．A
【解析】句意：我爷爷在他的日常生活中喜欢在公园里散步。
everyday日常的，形容词；every day每天，作状语；some day某天；one day有一天。此处修饰名词life，需用形容词，everyday life为固定搭配，意为“日常生活”，应填everyday。
7．A
【解析】句意：许多工厂停止向河流排放污水。因此，水质变得更干净了。
as a result因此，结果；such as比如；so that为了；in fact事实上。空格前句是原因，空格后句是结果，用as a result引出结果。
8．A
【解析】句意：——我们可以在社区附近的广场休息。——太好了。这是一个供老年人放松的公共场所。
public公共的；private私人的；busy忙碌的；dry干燥的。根据“have a rest in the square”可知，广场是公共场所，应填public。
9．B
【解析】句意：——小心玻璃！如果你把它掉落在地板上，它会碎成碎片。——谢谢你提醒我。
hold拿着；drop掉落；give给；throw扔。根据“Be careful”及“it will break into pieces”可知，此处是提醒对方不要失手让玻璃掉在地上，否则会碎，drop符合语境。故选B。
10．B
【解析】句意：——我们做蛋糕需要多少牛奶？——只需要一瓶。
How many多少（修饰可数名词复数）；How much多少（修饰不可数名词）；How long多长时间；How often多久一次。milk为不可数名词，用How much。应填How much。
11．D 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．A 16．C 17．A 18．D 19．A 20．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了全世界能源短缺，阐述了节约能源的重要性，以及作为学生在日常生活中可以采取的多种节约能源的做法，最后呼吁大家共同努力节约能源。
11．句意：全世界都缺少能源。
time时间；money金钱；power力量；energy能源。根据“Saving the energy is very…”可知，此处指缺少能源，故选D。
12．句意：节约能源非常重要。
smart聪明的；convenient方便的；harmful有害的；important重要的。根据“Saving the energy”可知，节约能源很重要，故选D。
13．句意：作为一名学生，我们在日常生活中可以做很多事情。
a bit一点儿；nothing没什么；a lot很多；enough足够的。根据“For example, we should...the light when we don’t use it.”可知，此处指可以做很多事情，故选C。
14．句意：例如，当我们不使用灯时，我们应该关掉它。
switch on打开；switch off关闭；put on穿上；take off脱下。根据“when we don’t use it”可知，不用灯时应该关掉，故选B。
15．句意：我们应该淋浴而不是泡澡来节约用水。
save节约；produce生产；waste浪费；heat加热。根据“take a shower instead of a bath”可知，淋浴代替泡澡是为了节约用水，故选A。
16．句意：洗脸或刷牙时不要让水龙头一直开着。
for为了；but但是；or或者；then然后。“wash your face”与“brush your teeth”是选择关系，用or连接，故选C。
17．句意：当我们去购物时，我们可以带布袋而不是使用塑料袋。
take拿；tidy整理；tick标记；touch触摸。根据“cloth bags instead of using plastic bags”可知，此处指带着布袋，故选A。
18．句意：为什么不尝试两边都使用呢？
stop停止；continue继续；enjoy享受；try尝试。根据“using both”可知，此处指尝试两边都使用，故选D。
19．句意：为了节约能源，我们还应该与污染作斗争。
pollution污染；disease疾病；chemicals化学品；electricity电。根据“Recycling old newspapers, glasses, cans and waste paper is also a good idea.”可知，回收旧物品是与污染作斗争，故选A。
20．句意：让我们共同努力节约能源。
Let’s not我们不要；Let’s让我们；Don’t不要；We我们。根据“work hard together to save the energy”可知，此处是祈使句，表示呼吁大家一起努力，用Let’s，故选B。
21．D 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了收集雨水的方法、步骤、用途以及其重要性，旨在呼吁大家节约用水，保护家园，过上更环保的生活。
【解析】21．根据文章第一段“But some places don’t have enough water. What can we do We can collect rainwater.”可知，我们需要收集雨水是因为有些地方没有足够的水。
22．根据文章第二段“Second, there is a small machine in the box called a ‘filter’. The filter cleans the water. It keeps the dirty sand and litter out.”可知，这个机器能清洁水，把脏沙子和垃圾挡在外面，所以“filter”的意思是“过滤器”。
23．根据文章第二段描述的收集雨水的步骤：首先，雨水流入箱子；其次，过滤器清洁脏水；最后，干净的水准备好了。所以正确的顺序是②-③-①。
24．根据文章第二段“The filter cleans the water. It keeps the dirty sand and litter out.”可知，过滤器能挡住沙子并清洁水。
25．本文主要介绍了收集雨水的方法、步骤、用途以及其重要性，目的是呼吁大家收集雨水来节约用水。
26．A 27．C 28．B 29．D 30．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过鲨鱼Jack的自述，讲述了塑料垃圾对海洋生物的危害，并呼吁人们清理海洋、不乱扔塑料垃圾以及减少塑料使用，以保护海洋环境。
【解析】26．根据文中“And I have lived in the sea for over twenty years.”可知，Jack现在已经20多岁了。
27．根据文中“Many of my family eat some plastic and die because plastic is poisonous.”可知，许多鲨鱼家族成员因误食塑料而死亡。
28．根据上下文，塑料会导致鲨鱼死亡，说明它对鲨鱼是有害的，因此“poisonous”意为“对鲨鱼有毒的”。
29．全文以鲨鱼的视角，讲述了塑料污染对海洋生物的危害，并呼吁人们清理海洋、不扔塑料垃圾、减少塑料使用，核心目的是号召人们保护海洋环境。
30．文章的核心是呼吁人们减少塑料使用，从而改善海洋环境，“Use Less Plastic, Make a Big Difference”最能概括文章主旨。
31．C 32．A 33．A 34．B 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了2026年3月29日上海启动首个“无塑料外卖日”活动，鼓励人们拒绝使用塑料餐具，介绍了活动当天人们的做法、活动对保护环境的重要性以及活动带来的影响等。
【解析】31．第二段提到：“The restaurants also did their part—they used paper bags or bamboo boxes to pack food.”，说明在“无塑料外卖日”一些餐厅用纸袋或竹盒来打包食物。
32．第三段提到：“Most of them end up in landfills or the ocean, and they take hundreds of years to break down.”，结合语境，塑料餐具大多被扔进垃圾填埋场或海洋，且需要数百年才能“break down”，这里“break down”最可能的意思是“分解”。
33．第三段提到：“This activity is very important for protecting our environment. Plastic pollution has become a serious problem in big cities.”以及后文阐述塑料污染的危害等，说明“无塑料外卖日”重要是因为它减少了塑料污染。
34．最后一段提到：“Shanghai’s ‘Plastic-free Takeaway Day’ is a great example for other cities. If everyone does a little, together we can make a big difference for our planet.”，说明上海的“无塑料外卖日”为其他城市树立了很好的榜样，可推断出其他城市很快也会开展类似活动。
35．文章整体是对上海“无塑料外卖日”这一新闻事件的报道，所以最有可能在报纸上看到这篇文章。
36．B 37．C 38．A 39．A 40．D
【导语】本文是一篇对话形式的文章，主要围绕课堂上老师和学生讨论如何节约用水展开，学生们分别提出了不同的节约用水的方法。
36．第一段提到“Today we’re going to discuss how to save water.”，这直接表明课堂讨论的是如何节约用水。
37．第二段中Lisa说“I think we should reuse water. For example, we can use the water from washing rice to water flowers.”，说明Lisa建议用洗米的水浇花，也就是重复利用水来浇花。
38．Tom说“A 5-minute shower is enough.”，说明Tom认为淋浴5分钟就够了。
39．Amy说“We should stop throwing rubbish into rivers and lakes. Pollution is bad for water.”，说明Amy建议停止往河流湖泊扔垃圾是因为污染对水有害。
40．Jack说“We can make posters to tell our family and friends about saving water.”，说明Jack想通过制作海报来呼吁大家节约用水。
41．C 42．B 43．A 44．E 45．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了保护自然景观的重要性，并给出了五条实用的保护建议。
【解析】41．前文提到自然景观对我们的重要性，后文引出具体建议，此处需要一个承上启下的句子，点明“我们要保护它们”的核心观点。选项C“We should protect them well.”符合上下文逻辑，其中的“them”指代前文的“natural landscapes”。
42．该空是本段的主题句，后文内容围绕“不乱扔垃圾、带走垃圾并扔进垃圾桶”展开。选项B“First,don’t leave rubbish in nature.”作为第一条建议，直接点明本段核心，符合语境。
43．该空是本段的主题句，后文内容围绕“不摘花、不折树、不带走石头”展开，这些行为都属于对植物和岩石的破坏。选项A“Don’t damage the plants and rocks.”准确概括了本段主旨。
44．该空是本段的主题句，后文内容围绕“遵守规则、不进入未开放区域”展开。选项E“Follow the rules of the natural parks.”直接点明了本段核心要求。
45．该空是本段的主题句，后文内容围绕“告诉亲友保护自然景观的重要性”展开。选项F“We can also tell others to protect nature.”准确概括了本段主旨。
46．shared 47．a 48．are 49．suddenly 50．colorful 51．snowmen 52．for 53．but 54．our 55．to make
【导语】本文是Anna的自我介绍，她上周和父亲一起阅读了一篇关于保护地球的文章，介绍了地球的美丽以及当前面临的污染问题，并表达了想与全世界中学生交朋友的愿望。
【解析】46．句意：上周，我父亲和我分享了一篇关于保护地球的文章。根据“Last week”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，所以这里用share的过去式shared。
47．句意：地球是一个美丽的地方。此处泛指“一个美丽的地方”，“wonderful”以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。
48．句意：有森林、河流和山脉。此处是there be句型，be动词的单复数由后面最近的名词决定，forests为复数，且全文时态为一般现在时，所以用are。
49．句意：夏天经常突然下雨。此处修饰动词“rains”，应用副词suddenly作状语。
50．句意：秋天，树叶是五彩缤纷的。此处作表语，修饰leaves，应用形容词colorful。
51．句意：冬天经常寒冷多雪，所以堆雪人非常令人兴奋。“snowman”为可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用复数形式snowmen。
52．句意：地球为我们提供空气、水和食物。“provide sth. for sb.”是固定搭配，意为“为某人提供某物”，所以用介词for。
53．句意：我们认为地球是我们的家，但如今地球上有一些污染。前后句之间是转折关系，应用连词but连接。
54．句意：我们必须停止做这些事情，为了我们的未来保护地球。“future”是名词，前面要用形容词性物主代词our修饰。
55．句意：我想和来自全世界的中学生交朋友。“want”后接动词时，应用动词不定式作宾语，即want to do sth.。
56．duty 57．environment 58．power 59．reusable 60．good 61．them 62．litter 63．difference 64．us 65．counts
【导语】本文主要介绍了保护地球家园的重要性，并列举了节约用电、减少塑料袋使用、植树造林以及妥善处理垃圾等日常环保小事，鼓励大家为后代创造美好环境。
56．句意：美丽的地球是我们的家园，保护它是我们的责任。此处需要一个名词，在句中作表语。因为原文提到“…and it’s our 1 to protect it”，固定句型“it is one’s duty to do sth.”意为“做某事是某人的职责”，所以选择duty。
57．句意：每天，我们可以做一些小事来帮助保护环境。此处需要一个名词，在句中作宾语。因为原文提到“do some small things to help protect the…”，结合全篇呼吁环保的主题，所以选择environment。
58．句意：这可以节省电力。此处需要一个名词，在句中作宾语。因为原文提到“turn off the lights…This can save…”，根据常识关灯可以节约能源或电力，所以选择power。
59．句意：我们购物时也应该使用可重复使用的袋子。此处需要一个形容词，在句中作定语修饰bags。因为原文提到“We should also use…bags when we go shopping. Plastic bags are bad…”，为了减少塑料袋对环境的伤害，应使用“可重复使用的”袋子，所以选择reusable。
60．句意：种树是保护环境的另一种好方法。此处需要一个形容词，在句中作定语修饰way。因为原文提到“Planting trees is another…way to protect the environment”，此处评价植树是另一种“好的”环保方式，所以选择good。
61．句意：我们应该种更多的树并照顾它们。此处需要一个代词宾格，在句中作介词宾语。因为原文提到“We should plant more trees and take care of…”，此处指代前文提到的复数名词trees，需用they的宾格形式，所以选择they并变为them。
62．句意：此外，我们不应该到处乱扔垃圾。此处需要一个动词原形，位于情态动词之后。因为原文提到“we should not…everywhere. We should put rubbish in the bin.”，结合语境指不要“乱扔垃圾”，所以选择litter。
63．句意：通过做这些小事，我们可以产生很大的影响。此处需要一个名词，在句中作宾语。因为原文提到“By doing these small things, we can make a big …”，固定短语“make a difference”意为“起作用，产生影响”，所以选择different并变为difference。
64．句意：让我们一起努力，为了我们自己和子孙后代保护我们美丽的地球。此处需要一个代词宾格，在句中作介词宾语。因为原文提到“protect our beautiful earth for…and for future generations”，指为了“我们”以及后代，需用our的宾格形式，所以选择our并变为us。
65．句意：记住，每一点努力都很重要！此处需要一个动词三单形式，在句中作谓语。因为原文提到“Remember, every little effort…!”，主语effort为单数，且此处表示客观真理应用一般现在时，count意为“有价值，有意义”，所以选择count并变为counts。
66．Clean and blue. 67．To lay eggs. 68．May. 69．Three months. 70．We can save water.(答案不唯一)
【导语】本文介绍了中国最大咸水湖青海湖的景色、观鸟与赏油菜花的最佳时间，同时提及湖泊面积缩小的现状并呼吁保护它。
【解析】66．原文第一段提到“The lake is very clean and blue”，直接说明了青海湖的水质特点，答案是原文直接信息。
67．原文第二段提到“Every April, lots of birds come to Bird Island to lay eggs.”，明确了鸟类四月来到鸟岛的原因，答案是原文直接信息。
68．原文第二段提到“May is the best month to see the birds here.”，直接给出了观赏鸟类的最佳月份，答案是原文直接信息。
69．原文第三段提到“From July to September, you can see the rape flower seas near Qinghai Lake.”，7月至9月共三个月，答案是原文整合信息。
70．原文第四段提到“We must do something to protect the beautiful lake.”，可结合环保常识作答，表述简洁且符合不超过6个单词的要求即可。
71．例文
How to save water
We all know living things on the Earth cannot live without water. Water is very important to production. So it is very valuable. But how should we save water in our daily life
First, turn off the tap when you don’t use water. For example, when you're brushing your teeth, you can turn off the tap. Next, use the used water to water plants. It can not only help save water but also be good for plants. Finally, have a shower instead of a bath because having a bath usually wastes a lot of water.
【解析】［总体分析］
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文。
②时态：主要为“一般现在时”。
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏题目要求中每一项内容，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。还要注意是否出现语法错误，有无重复遗漏，大小写是否正确，词数是否符合要求等。
［写作步骤］
第一步，开头通过说明水对生物和生产的重要性，强调其珍贵性，引出日常生活中如何节约用水这一核心话题，为下文介绍具体方法做铺垫。
第二步，依次介绍日常生活中节约用水的三种方法，每种方法都结合具体场景或原因进行说明。
［亮点词汇］
①living things 生物
②on the Earth 地球上
③have a bath 泡澡
④instead of 代替
［高分句型］
①We all know living things on the Earth cannot live without water.（宾语从句）
②For example, when you’re brushing your teeth, you can turn off the tap.（when引导的时间状语从句）
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