资源简介

(共104张PPT)
主题引领·语法融通
　　Recently，the earth 1. （suffer） severe disasters due to human activities，such as drought and flood， which scared us a lot.2. （fortunate），everyone can contribute to 3. greener earth．Here are a few suggestions we can adopt 4. （help） reduce the release of carbon dioxide．
has been suffering/has suffered
Fortunately
a
to help
　　As far as I’m concerned，when we don’t use electrical appliances such as the bulb，the TV，the computer and other 5. （device），unplug them immediately．Please use renewable energy 6. possible，for example，solar or wind energy.7. （take） white pollution into account，we should use some 8. （reuse） bottles or bags．Besides，there should be more campaigns to urge everyone to devote themselves 9. protecting the earth．There is no need to ask for 10. （permit） to take action．So let’s do something right now!
devices
if
Taking
reusable
to
permission
单元知识 必备清单
Ⅰ．阅读单词——我会认
1. fin v． 切去（鱼的）鳍
n． 鱼鳍
2. sustainable adj． 可持续的，不破坏环境的
3. bulb n． 灯泡
4. renewable adj． （能源）可更新的，可再生的，可恢复的
5. carbon n． 碳
6. greenhouse n． 温室，暖房
7. reusable adj． 可再度使用的，可多次使用的
8. brochure n． 小册子
9. solar adj． 利用太阳光（能）的
10. slide n． 幻灯片
v．（slid，slid） 滑动
11. stand－by adj． 备用的
12. mode n． （机器、设备的）运行方式，状态，模式
13. appliance n． 家用电器，家用器具
14. plug n． （电）插头
v． 堵；塞
15. litre n． 升，公升
Ⅱ．多义单词——我会辨
1. highlight v．　　使……突出，使注意力集中于；强调
n．　　 亮点，最精彩的部分
2. establish v．　　建立，设立；确立；证实
3. flood n． 洪水，水灾
v．　　 淹没；泛滥；涌入
4. affect v． 影响；使感动；使感染（疾病）
5. release v．　　 释放，排放；发行
vi． （开）讲座；演讲
vt．　　 训斥
7. device n．　　设备，仪器，装置；手段，策略，方法
8. leak v．　　 （使）漏，（使）渗漏；泄露
9. average adj．　平均（数）的；正常的，普通的
n． 平均数
6. lecture n．　　（尤指大学里的）讲座，讲课；演讲；教训
Ⅲ．核心单词——我会写
1. dive v． （通常指使用呼吸设备的）潜水
2. target v． 把……作为目标
n． 靶子；目标
3. attitude n．（尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般）看法，态度
4. ocean n． 海洋，大海
5. staff n． 员工
6. damage v． 破损，损害，损伤
7. drought n． 旱灾，干旱
8. supply n． （煤气、电力、自来水等）供应（系统）；供给，补给
v． 供应
9. false adj． 不正确的；错误的；假的；人造的
10. smog n． 烟雾，雾霾
11. severe adj． （问题、伤势、疾病等）很严重的
12. amount n． 数量，数额
vi． （to）（数值）达到，合计
13. campaign n． （宣传）活动
14. canteen n． （工厂、学校等的）食堂，餐厅
Ⅳ．拓展词汇——我会拓
1. scare v．使（某人）惊恐，吓唬→scared adj．感到害怕的，恐惧的 →scary adj．恐怖的，吓人的
2. fortunately adv．幸运地→fortunate adj．幸运的→unfortunate adj．不幸的→unfortunately adv．不幸地→fortune n．运气；财 富 →misfortune n．不幸
3. hunting n．打猎，狩猎→hunt vt．打猎，猎取→hunter n．猎人，捕 猎者
4. fog n．雾→foggy adj．多雾的
5. electricity n．电→electric adj．电的；带电的→electrical adj．电气 科学的；与电有关的→electronic adj．电子的
6. concerned adj．焦急的，担忧的；关心的→concern v．（使）担 忧；涉及；与……有关 n．担忧；担心→concerning prep．关于； 就……而言
7. devote v．致力，献身，倾注→devoted adj．挚爱的；投入的；献身 的→devotion n．致力；献身；奉献
8. presentation n．报告 ；（观点的）陈述，说明；介绍；展示 →present vt．颁发；出示；赠送；提交，提呈 n．礼物 adj．现在 的，目前的；出席的
9. reserve n．（野生生物）保护区v．保留，保存，储备；预 订 →reservation n．保留，保护；（房间、座位等的）预订→reserved adj．含蓄的，内敛的
10. restore v．使恢复→restoration n．（旧建筑或旧家具等的）修复， 整修
11. adopt v．采取（某种方法）；收养，领养 →adopted adj．收养的 →adoption n．收养；采纳
12. reduce v．减少，降低；使沦落 →reduction n．缩减，减少
13. contribute v．促成，造成（某事发生）；贡献，捐献；撰 稿 →contribution n．捐献；贡献→contributor n．捐款人；撰稿人； 起作用的因素
14. extinction n．灭绝，绝种→extinct adj．灭绝的
15. infection n．感染，传染病→infect v．传染→infectious adj．传染的
16. permission n．允许，许可；许可证→permit v．允许；使有可能 n．许可证
17. cruelty n．残忍，残酷，残暴→cruel adj．残忍的→cruelly adv．残 忍地
18. majority n．多数；大多数（人或物）→major adj．主要的 vi．主 修 n．主修课程；主修学生
19. remove v．移走，搬走；去掉；脱掉（衣服） ；开除 →removal n．移走，移去，消除
20. urge vt．竭力主张；强烈要求，敦促 n．强烈的欲望；冲动 →urgent adj．紧急的，急迫的→urgency n．紧急；急迫
Ⅴ．重点短语——我会记
1. in fear 　　 害怕地　　
（同义：in terror）
2. be scared/frightened of 害怕
3. due to 由于，因为
4. cut off 切断；使……与外界隔绝
5. have a（n） ．．．effect on/upon 对……有……影响
6. be based on 基于，以……为基础
7. see ．．．as ．．． 把……看作……
8. rather than 而不是
（同义：instead of）
9. the other way round 反过来
10. by mistake 错误地，无意中
11. protect ．．．from ．．． 保护……免受……
12. replace ．．．with ．．． 用……代替……
13. take steps 采取措施/步骤
14. mistake ．．．for ．．． 把……错当成……
15. break down 分解；（机器）出故障
16. take ．．．into account 把……考虑进去
Ⅵ．单元佳句——我会用
1. Some people stopped swimming in the sea，afraid of the horrible creature from the film．（形容词短语作状语）
由于害怕遇上电影里描绘的这种可怕的生物，有些人再也不去海里游 泳了。
2. Fortunately，not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks — some became interested in understanding them．（部分否定）
幸运的是，并非每个看过《大白鲨》这部电影的人都害怕鲨鱼——有 些人变得更有兴趣去了解它们。
3. However，making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water．（倍数表 达法）
然而，生产纸袋的耗能为塑料袋的四倍，耗水则多达三倍。
高考高分 提升密码
Ⅰ．高考阅读疑难词汇——清障有法
构词法 名词后缀－cy的含义是表示“性质、状态或情况”
写出下列句中蓝体词的词性和词义
1. By communicating more with your classmates and teachers，you’ll develop your Chinese fluency as well as a good understanding of Chinese culture．　
n．流畅；流利
n．效
率；效能
n．准确（性）；精确（性）
n．频繁
n．倾向；
趋势
Ⅱ.2025新增课标词汇——精准备考
1. evolve v．发展；进化；演变
①evolve from由……进化/发展而来
②evolve into 发展成，进化为
③evolve out of 从……中逐步形成
Artificial intelligence is evolving at an unprecedented pace， raising both hopes for innovation and concerns about ethical risks．
人工智能正以前所未有的速度发展，既带来了创新希望，也引发了伦 理担忧。
2. exhaust vt．耗尽；使筋疲力尽；排气 n．排气管；（车辆、发动机 或机器排出的）废气
①exhaust natural resources耗尽自然资源
②exhaust one’s energy/strength 耗尽精力/体力
③feel/be exhausted 精疲力竭
After rescuing five hikers in the snowstorm， the team leader had exhausted all his strength and collapsed．
暴风雪中救出五名徒步者后，队长耗尽了力气昏倒在地。
核心知识 点面突破
scare v．使（某人）惊恐，吓唬
练通 单句语法填空
①When I realized that the bear was coming back to attack us， I was nearly scared death．
to
写美 微写作
②我抓起一块石头，对准狼，用尽全力扔出去，想把狼吓跑。
I seized a stone， aimed it at the wolf and threw it out with all my might， seeking to ．
scare the wolf away
（1）scare sb/sth away/off把某人/某物吓跑
（2）scare sb into doing sth　　胁迫某人做某事
（3）be scared to do sth 　　害怕/不敢做某事
be scared of sb/sth 　　害怕某人/某物
be scared to death 　　吓得要死
佳句 She was scared into crouching beside a big tree by the shouts of tigers， with her heart pounding．　（动作＋情绪描写）
她被老虎的吼声吓得蜷缩在一棵大树旁，她的心怦怦跳。
devote v．致力，献身，倾注；专心于
练通 单句语法填空
①It is his （devote） to his learning that enables him to attain a doctor’s degree．　（人物介绍）
②I still remember what you have devoted to （improve） my oral English and writing skills．　（感谢信）
devotion
improving
写美 微写作
③中国致力于发展新技术，如高铁、空间探索和可再生能源，目前在 技术和创新方面处于领先地位。　（2024 北京卷）
，such as high－speed trains，space exploration and renewable energy， China is now a leader in technology and innovation．（分词短语作状语）
Devoting itself to/Devoted to developing new technology
（1）devote ．．．to （doing） ．．．　把……用在/献给 （做）……上
devote oneself to 献身于；致力于
（2）devoted adj．　　挚爱的；忠实的，忠诚的；献身的
be devoted to （doing） sth　献身于（做）某事；专心于（做）某事
（3）devotion n．　　奉献；关爱；忠诚
佳句 Although I had devoted all my time and energy to the contest， I didn’t believe I could outdo Anne in writing．　（2023 新课标Ⅰ卷）
虽然我把时间和精力都花在了比赛上，但我不相信我能在写作上超过 安妮。
点津 devote ．．．to ．．．中的to是介词，其后常接名词、代词或动 词－ing形式作宾语。类似短语还有：
①adapt ．．．to ．．．②adjust ．．．to ．．．
③apply ．．．to ．．．　　④attach ．．．to ．．．
reduce v．减少，降低
练通 单句语法填空
①Though （reduce） to ruins in the terrible earthquake， the city began to breathe again．
②（2023 新课标Ⅰ卷）Somehow， these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global （reduce） in error．
reduced
reduction
写美 微写作
③减少压力最有效的方法之一是与信任的人谈谈你的感受。　 （建议信）
is to talk about your feelings with someone you trust．
One of the most effective ways to reduce stress
（1）reduce to ．．．降至……
be reduced to ．．．　　沦落为……；减少到……（to为介词）
（2）reduce sb to tears/silence 　　使某人流泪/沉默
（3）reduce sth to ruins/ashes　　把某物变为废墟/化为灰烬
（4）reduction n．　　减少
佳句 In my opinion， it is everyone’s responsibility to reduce garbage pollution．Only with our joint efforts can we live in a better environment．
在我看来，减少垃圾污染是每个人的责任。只有我们共同努力，我们 才能生活在一个更美好的环境中。
urge v．竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促；催促；驱策 n．强烈的欲 望；冲动
练通 单句语法填空
①It is urged we students take regular exercise to keep fit and energetic．
②In case of ， call the police and they can help you handle matters．（urge）
that
urgency
urgent
写美 微写作
③但得知我们将随机配对进行口语练习，我有一种冲动想要表达我不 同的声音，希望这不会冒犯你。　（2023 新课标Ⅰ卷）
But learning that we’ll be randomly paired to do the oral practice， I my different voice，hoping that this wouldn’t offend you．
have/feel an urge to express
（1）urge sb to do sth　　　　　　催促某人做某事
urge that ．．．（should） do sth　　极力主张……
it is urged that ．．．（should） do sth　　坚决要求……
（2）have/feel an urge to do sth　　渴望做某事
（3）urgent adj．　　紧急的；迫切的
urgency n．　　紧急；急迫
佳句 With the development of China，it is urged that the young （should） communicate with foreigners without difficulty．Hence， anyone who has/feels an urge to speak fluent English can register for our Spoken English Club．
随着中国的发展，年轻人被极力主张无障碍地与外国人交流。因此， 任何渴望说流利英语的人都可以报名参加我们的口语俱乐部。
contribute v．促成，造成（某事发生）；捐献；贡献；捐助；投稿
练通 单句语法填空
①（2023 新课标Ⅰ卷）From my point of view，pairing up students based on their English level does contribute to （improve） their oral English．　（建议信）
②I attempt to contribute three articles the newspaper on a monthly basis．
improving
to
made great contributions
to
（1）contribute to有助于；促成；为……作贡献；投稿；导致
contribute ．．．to/towards ．．．　　向……捐赠；向……投稿
（2）contribution n．　　贡献；捐献；捐助
make a contribution/contributions to/towards ．．．　　为……作贡献
佳句 The community service was a job worthwhile to do， something positive I could do to make contributions to/contribute to the world．　（主旨升华）
社区服务很值得做，是一件我能为世界做出积极贡献的工作。
点津 contribute to和make a contribution/contributions to中的to都是介 词，后面要接名词、代词或动词－ing形式。
句型公式：形容词（短语）作状语
教材原句：Some people stopped swimming in the sea， afraid of the horrible creature from the film．
由于害怕遇上电影里描绘的这种可怕的生物，有些人再也不去海里游 泳了。
写美 微写作
①简绝望而疲惫地跪了下来，泪水顺着脸颊流了下来。　（心理 描写）
， Jane knelt down，with tears rolling down her cheeks．
②林涛欣然接受了这个建议，点头表示同意。
Lin Tao， ， nodded his agreement．
Desperate and exhausted
glad to accept the suggestion
③我害怕找不到去农场的路，便坐在一棵树旁，紧紧抱住自己的 肩膀。
，I sat beside a tree and held my shoulders in my arms tightly．
Scared of failing to find the way to the farm
（1）含义：形容词（短语）作状语时常用来说明句子主语的特点或 处于某种状态。
（2）逻辑关系：形容词（短语）和主语常可构成系表关系。
（3）位置：形容词（短语）作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况 等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。
佳句 His legs collapsed， his mind went blank， and he fell to the ground， unconscious．　（动作描写）
他的双腿一软，头脑一片空白，倒在地上，失去了意识。
高效迁移 微点练全
一词多义/熟词生义
1. lecture n．讲座，讲课，演讲；教训，训斥 vt．训斥
①What makes me annoyed is that he is always lecturing me about my behavior．　
vt．训斥
②（2023 北京卷）Soon after dinner， I handed the essay to mum．I half expected a lecture — at least an “I hope you’ve learned your lesson”．　
③（2022 1月浙江卷）Travelling to conferences，lectures， workshops， and the like — frequently by plane — has been viewed as important for scientists to get together and exchange information．　
n．教训，训斥
n．讲座，演讲
2. （2023 全国甲卷）Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see， and their answer is often the same： a grizzly bear．　
3. I am greatly convinced that I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally unknown．　
4. He was ordered to pay damages of $30，000 due to his own mistake．　
v．涌进
v．全身心投入
n．损害赔偿金
单句语法填空/一句多译
1. The scientist devoted most of his lifetime to （observe） the behaviour of the chimps．
2. The ordinary man contributed money charity， which contributed to some poor children （attend） school．
3. Large amounts of money （spend） on the bridge beyond the budget last year．
observing
to
attending
were spent
urging all the students to rush out of the classroom as
quickly as possible
urging that all the students （should） rush out of the
classroom as quickly as possible
单句语法填空/完成句子
1. His parents ran a small farm．They were busy day and night and had no time to take his studies and hobbies account．
2. You should hold a positive attitude your profession， or you might get fired．
3. There is no denying that I won’t （permit） to go hiking alone in a remote mountain．
into
to/toward（s）
be permitted
of urbanization， the city has seen a significant increase in its migrant population．
Due to the growing rate
4. 由于城市化速度的加快，这个城市的流动人口显著增加。
three
times as large as
　应用文增分练——环境保护
　　假定你是学生会主席李华，请你以“保护环境”为主题，写一封 英语倡议书，号召大家积极采取行动，内容包括：
（1）保护环境的重要性；
（2）当今的环境问题；
　　（3）发出倡议。
第一步　根据单元知识写美句
1. 如今，越来越多的人开始关注环境问题。（concern）
2. 该是我们考虑环境保护的时候了。（take ．．．into account）
Nowadays，more and more people are concerned about the environmental problem．
It’s really high time that we took/（should） take environmental protection into account．
3. 由于人类的不断的有害活动，气候变得越来越暖和。（due to）
4. 干旱和洪涝灾害频繁发生，这严重影响人类生活。（drought， flood，affect，severely，非限制性定语从句）
5. 越来越多的物种濒临灭绝。 （extinction）

Due to constant harmful human activities，the climate is becoming increasingly warm．
Droughts and floods frequently occur，which affects human life severely．
More and more species are on the edge of extinction．
6. 地球是我们唯一的家园。
7. 我们强烈要求采取有效措施来保护它。（urge）

The earth is our only home．
We urge effective measures to be taken to protect it．
第二步　连句成篇创佳作
　　把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右 的短文。
Dear fellow students，
　　 　Nowadays，more and more people are concerned about the environmental problem．Therefore，it’s really high time that we took/ （should）take environmental protection into account．　
　　 　The earth is our only home．As a result，we urge effective measures to be taken to protect it．　
　　 　Due to constant harmful human activities， the climate is becoming increasingly warm．Droughts and floods frequently occur， which affects human life severely．What’s more， more and more species are on the edge of extinction．　
　读后续写微技能——消失的家乡美景
积累教材续写语料——有效强化教考衔接
佳 句
积 累 情感＋动作链描写：She surfaces， cries in fear， then disappears forever．
情感描写：1.People have always been scared of sharks， but Jaws made things worse．It made people frightened of sharks， especially of the great white shark．
2.Some people stopped swimming in the sea， afraid of the horrible creature from the film．
拓展续写话题素材——精准构建表达基石
情感描写：焦虑、担忧与绝望
靓 点
语 块 1.with anxiety 焦虑地
2.be full of/filled with anxiety 焦虑不安　　
3.abandon oneself to helplessness 陷入无助
4.be concerned/worried about 担忧
5.decline one’s head in despair 颓然低头　　
6.heart torn with despair 绝望得撕心裂肺
出 彩
表 达 1.Fog beginning to creep into the forest， I grew increasingly concerned．
雾开始悄悄进入森林， 我越来越担心。
2.Filled with anxiety， he froze there helpless， frowning．（过去 分词短语作状语； 形容词作状语）
他非常焦虑， 无助地呆立在那里， 皱着眉头。
3.With everything swallowed by the darkness， Mary was close to crying with anxiety and fear．
一切都被黑暗吞没了， 玛丽又担心又害怕， 几乎要哭了。
出 彩
表 达 4.Worried/Concerned about the journey， I was unsettled for the first few days．（形容词短语作状语）
由于担心这次旅行， 开始几天我心神不宁。
5.He was so nervous about the English test that he lay awake half the night， worried．（形容词作状语）
他对英语考试感到如此紧张， 以至于大半夜都睡不着觉， 心神不宁。
6.He gazed at the confusion around him， overwhelmed by a feeling of despair．（过去分词短语作状语）
他凝视着周围的一片混乱， 感到一阵绝望。
重拳锤炼续写场景——积累内化应用提升
　　场景导入：时隔多年踏上家乡土地时，“我”为家乡一去不复返 的美景而惋惜，并暗下决心改变现状。
　　The moment I set foot on my hometown ten years later， I gazed at the bare mountain and dirty river and froze there， 1. （被一种绝望的感 觉淹没；过去分词短语作状语）．Past beautiful scenery came back in floods．I was reduced to tears and 2. （绝望地低下了头）， thinking what had contributed to the terrible environment.
overwhelmed/overcome by a feeling of despair
declined my head in despair
3. （对被破坏的环境感到担忧；形容词短语作状语）， I was unsettled for the first few days， feeling on pins and needles.4. （下定决心要改变这种情况；形容词短语作状语）， I began delivering lectures to 5. （敦促人们保护环境）．The public’s active responses melted away my feelings of anxiety and concern．
Worried/Concerned about the
damaged environment
Determined to change the situation
urge
people to protect the environment
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A
　　（2026 山东烟台模拟）Two separate research groups in the UK and Denmark have come up with the same idea for a study that could help save endangered species， and have gotten the same results．It involves sucking environmental DNA from the air that animals leave behind．
　　“We use a really small pump that pulls the air through， and we hope the DNA gets caught on the filter （过滤器），” said Elizabeth Clare， the lead researcher．“It’s a bit like making coffee．You make coffee by sucking water through a filter and leaving the coffee grounds behind．That’s basically what we’re doing； we’re just sucking the air through and hoping that the DNA gets left behind．”
　　Clare says the concept has been used for years in different ways．
Scientists sample pathogens （病原体） from the air， which has been used to help track COVID－19.Environmental DNA can also be collected from water to help ease invasive species．
　　A big goal for both research teams with the new study is to be able to locate endangered species and help save them．It is important to note that this type of DNA sampling can only be picked up if a species is in the area， so if there were two of the same animal， scientists would not be able to tell which one the DNA came from．
　　Both research groups also reported certain DNA samples not showing up when they knew an animal had been in the area．They also can’t tell yet how long an animal’s DNA will stick around after it’s been in one area．Clare says she’d like to plan more researches to get these answers．
　　But one thing is for sure after conducting the study．Clare says she has a whole new perspective on taking a deep breath．“As you know， I’m walking through a jungle or the park or taking my dog for a walk or my kids out to play， and I take a deep breath； I think I just inhaled information about all the things that have been here before， and as a scientist， that’s exciting to think that the information that I’m trying to gather is literally hanging in front of me，” she said．
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。英国和丹麦的两个独立研究小组提 出了从动物留下的空气中提取环境DNA这一研究想法来帮助拯救濒 危物种，并取得了相同的结果。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。英国和丹麦的两个独立研究小组提
出了从动物留下的空气中提取环境DNA这一研究想法来帮助拯救濒
危物种，并取得了相同的结果。
1. Why does the author mention coffee－making？（　　）
A． To show the function of a filter．
B． To illustrate how the idea works．
C． To compare two different methods．
D． To prove how simply DNA－sucking works．
解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可知，制作咖啡和过滤 DNA有相同之处，所以文章提到制作咖啡是为了详细阐述用过滤器捕 捉DNA这一研究想法是如何进行的。
√
2. What does the underlined phrase “the concept” in paragraph 3 refer to？（　　）
A． Detecting danger in the air．
B． Protecting endangered animals．
C． Sucking DNA out of the air．
D． Collecting environmental samples．
解析：　词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句可知，the concept指代从 空气来提取DNA这一研究想法。
√
3. What do we know about the new method of DNA sampling？（　　）
A． It distinguishes different DNAs．
B． It collects certain DNA within range．
C． It locates endangered species exactly．
D． It predicts the duration of animals’ stay．
解析：　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，这种DNA采样的新 方法可以收集可及范围内的特定DNA。
√
4. What can we infer from Clare’s words in the last paragraph？（　　）
A． She breathes the air of hope for future studies．
B． She agrees with the benefits of deep breathing．
C． She adopts brand－new methods of purifying the air．
D． She finds inner peace by doing simple things in life．
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段中Clare说的话可推知， Clare认为这种研究方法是有希望的，即她呼吸着对未来研究充满 希望的空气。
√
B
　　（2025 湖南长沙二模）Watching thousands of baby puffins （海 鹦）， known as pufflings， being thrown off a cliff （悬崖） is perfectly normal for the people of Iceland’s Westman Islands．This yearly tradition is what’s known as “puffling season” and it is a crucial practice．Puffins are charming birds and attract locals and tourists to visit them．But during puffling season， the focus shifts from merely watching to actively helping the young puffins．
　　The chicks of puffins hatch in nests on high sea cliffs．About six weeks after hatching， they will fly from their nests and spend several years at sea until they return to land to breed．Puffins have historically found the ocean by following the light of the moon．
　　But because of lights from towns near where the puffins nest， they can get lost．Instead of heading out to sea to fish and grow strong， the birds end up heading inland．They wander on the streets， where cars， cats， and buildings pose dangerous obstacles．So， many residents spend a few weeks in August and September collecting baby puffins that have crashed into town and then gently throwing them into the ocean．
　　According to Erpur Hansen， a local ecologist， the average puffin population in Iceland has decreased by 70 percent over the last 30 years．“While light pollution may be the most visible and easily blamed issue， what’s restricting puffin numbers most dramatically are rising sea surface temperatures，” he explains．To further worsen the issue， puffins also only lay one egg per year， and only after they’re 3－6 years old．That rareness， combined with lack of food， and the legal hunting of the birds in Iceland all come together to threaten the population．
　　In fact， Hansen has suggested that if all factors continue on a similar trend， puffins in Iceland could be a thing of the past in a matter of decades．“On the upside， the last few years have seen something of a population increase， but that doesn’t mean it’s time to relax and it’s important to remain watchful to protect the birds， especially during puffling season，” Hansen says．
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了冰岛韦斯特曼群岛的 “海鹦幼鸟季”传统，阐述海鹦幼鸟迷路原因，还分析了海鹦数量 减少的因素及保护的重要性。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了冰岛韦斯特曼群岛的
“海鹦幼鸟季”传统，阐述海鹦幼鸟迷路原因，还分析了海鹦数量
减少的因素及保护的重要性。
5. What do people from Westman Islands usually do in puffling season？ （　　）
A． Watch pufflings thrown off a cliff by adult puffins．
B． Observe pufflings flying from their nests to breed．
C． Search for pufflings and release them into the wild．
D． Celebrate the pufflings’ successful migration journey．
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句和第三段最后一句可 知，韦斯特曼群岛的人们在海鹦幼鸟季通常会寻找海鹦幼鸟并将它们 放归野外。
√
6. Why do many puffins lose their ways？（　　）
A． The moonlight is hazier than it used to be．
B． They are misled by artificial lights inland．
C． They are born with poor sense of direction．
D． Natural environment is too complicated to adapt．
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句可知，许多海鹦迷路 是因为它们被内陆的人造灯光误导了。
√
7. What does paragraph 4 mainly focus on about the puffin？（　　）
A． The multiple factors causing its decline．
B． The impact of climate change on it．
C． The rareness of its breeding features．
D． The numerous challenges its habitat faces．
解析：　段落大意题。根据第四段中的While light pollution may be the most visible and easily blamed issue ．．．come together to threaten the population．可知，该段主要聚焦于导致海鹦数量 减少的多种因素。
√
8. What does the author want to convey in the last paragraph？（　　）
A． There’s no need for long－term fix for the pufflings．
B． Puffins’ future is overwhelmingly discouraging．
C． Constant active intervention from humans is essential．
D． The puffling season tradition should be spread across Iceland．
解析：　写作意图题。根据最后一段中Hansen所说内容可知，因为 人类的保护，过去几年海鹦数量有所增加，但并不能放松。所以作者 在最后一段中想传达的是“人类持续的积极干预是必不可少的”。
√
Ⅱ．完形填空
　　Natalie and Callie， both 13 years old， started raising monarch butterflies for fun in 2020.
　　But after realizing the monarchs were an endangered species， their 　9　 soon turned into a serious mission．
　　They learned that the population of monarch butterflies had 　10　 since the early 1990s， due to habitat 　11　 and widespread use of chemicals， which made the milkweeds （马利筋草） the monarchs 　12　 for their main diet dangerous to eat．
　　So the girls teamed up with a national nonprofit group to plant a native garden 　13　 for the monarchs．The garden grew organic milkweeds that 　14　 and kept the butterflies．To help 　15　 the locals to sustain the monarch population， they created an exhibition about the monarchs in the local library．They also wanted to put up an educational sign in town， but it 　16　 a lot．To cover the expense， they set up a stand at the farmers market to sell their 　17　 milkweeds for people to plant．Although the fundraising days were 　18　， they finally succeeded in earning enough money with their hard work and people’s support．
　　The team has won the Silver Award for their 　19　 of taking care of butterflies， but they are not 　20　 with their work．“Our next step is to cut down on the use of 　21　 to guarantee a safe environment for the monarchs，” said Natalie．In the award ceremony， their teacher Brian 　22　， “I am so proud of them for their constant 　23　．”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两个13岁的女孩娜塔莉 和卡莉从养帝王蝶的爱好到致力于保护帝王蝶的故事，她们的项目 最终获奖且受到好评。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两个13岁的女孩娜塔莉
和卡莉从养帝王蝶的爱好到致力于保护帝王蝶的故事，她们的项目
最终获奖且受到好评。
9. A． dream B． hobby
C． career D． decision
解析：　由上文所提她们的爱好和下文的turned into a serious mission 可知，for fun与hobby为同义转换。
√
10. A． doubled B． aged
C． declined D． exploded
解析：　由上文的the monarchs were an endangered species和下 文的widespread use of chemicals及their main diet dangerous to eat 可知，帝王蝶遭受化学物质的伤害，吃的食物有害，已经濒危， 数量应该是减少的。
√
11. A． management B． assessment
C． selection D． destruction
解析：　由上文和下文可得出，帝王蝶栖息地遭到破坏是其数量减 少的原因之一。
√
12. A． relied on B． kept off
C． broke down D． gave away
解析：由本句的the milkweeds （马利筋草） the monarchs 　12　for their main diet可知，该空为定语从句谓语，修饰先行词the milkweeds （马利筋草），此处意为帝王蝶所依赖的主要食物是马利筋草。
√
13. A． partly B． secretly
C． rarely D． specially
解析：　由下文的The garden grew organic milkweeds可知，这个本 土花园种植着帝王蝶的主要食物马利筋草，可得出是专门为帝王蝶设 计的。
14. A． attracted B． protected
C． monitored D． trapped
解析：　由上文可知，这个本土花园种植着帝王蝶的主要食物马利 筋草，这会吸引帝王蝶。
√
√
15. A． employ B． educate
C． force D． limit
解析：　由下文可知，她们举办关于帝王蝶展览的目的是教育当地 人保护帝王蝶。
16. A． meant B． cost
C． changed D． hurt
解析：　呼应下文的To cover the expense和the fundraising days讲因花 费很大而筹款一事。
√
√
17. A． dry B． medical
C． healthy D． wild
解析：　由本句的sell their 　17　 milkweeds for people to plant和常 识可知，卖给人种的马利筋草应该是健康的。
18. A． pleasing B． light
C． long D． disappointing
解析：　由下文可知，她们努力赚到了足够的钱，可得出筹款的日 子应该很长。
√
√
19. A． project B． concept
C． schedule D． assignment
解析：　呼应上文的So the girls teamed up with a national nonprofit group。
20. A． concerned B． connected
C． finished D． occupied
解析：　由下文的保证帝王蝶的安全环境可知，她们还有保护帝王 蝶的下一步计划，说明她们保护帝王蝶的工作尚未完成。
√
√
21. A． chemicals B． time
C． funds D． energy
解析：　由上文可知，因化学物质的广泛使用帝王蝶的生存环境不 安全，所以要减少化学品的使用。
22. A． quoted B． continued
C． replied D． commented
解析：　由下文的I am so proud of them可知，这是老师布莱恩评论 的话语。
√
√
23. A． donations B． support
C． patience D． efforts
解析：　由上文语境可得出，老师为她们不断的努力感到骄傲。
√
Ⅲ．语法填空
　　（2025 安徽芜湖二模）In Fiji， an island nation in the South Pacific Ocean， communities employ unique waste management methods．Dry garbage is typically handled 24. 　　　　　　 burning， while wet waste is placed in special compost bins （堆肥箱） where maggots （蛆） aid in breaking it down．During my community service class， I learned about this system but 25. 　　　　　（unintentional） caused an embarrassing incident．
　　One day， I threw away a bag of wet waste into the compost bin， 26. 　　　　　　 （forget） to remove the plastic bag first．Though realizing my mistake， I hesitated to reach into the bin 27. 　　　 the sight of the wriggling （蠕动的） maggots made me uncomfortable．I had intended 28. 　　　　　　 （ask） a classmate to help the next day， but the thought slipped my mind．The following morning， the kitchen auntie discovered the plastic bag and posted in the community group， asking “Who did this？” I immediately admitted it was 29. 　　　　　 （I） fault and explained the reason 30. 　　　　I couldn’t bring myself to reach inside．Laughter erupted， but the village elder 31. 　　　　　 （speak） highly of my honesty．
　　This experience taught an important lesson： environmental protection is a 32. 　　　 （share） duty， and every individual’s effort matters．More importantly， I learned that taking 33. 　　（responsible） for mistakes， no matter how small， earns respect and trust．
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在斐济参加社区服 务课时，因不熟悉当地独特的垃圾处理方式而犯错，最终从这次经 历中领悟到环保是共同责任，勇于为错误负责能赢得尊重和信任的 故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在斐济参加社区服
务课时，因不熟悉当地独特的垃圾处理方式而犯错，最终从这次经
历中领悟到环保是共同责任，勇于为错误负责能赢得尊重和信任的
故事。
24. by　考查介词。此空无提示词，空后为动词－ing形式，应用介 词，表示“通过……方式”处理干垃圾。
25. unintentionally　考查词形转换。此处修饰动词caused，应用副词作 状语。
26. forgetting　考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词threw，所以使用 非谓语动词，forget与主语I之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。
27. because/as/since　考查状语从句。根据空前和空后的句意可知，上 下文之间为因果关系。
28. to ask　考查非谓语动词。intend to do sth打算做某事。
29. my　考查代词。此处修饰名词fault，应用形容词性物主代词。
30. why　考查定语从句。此处引导的定语从句，先行词为the reason，关系词在定语从句中作原因状语。
31. spoke　考查动词时态。根据上文的谓语动词erupted可知，此处描 述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。
32. shared　考查非谓语动词。此处修饰名词duty，duty与share之间是 被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。
33. responsibility　考查词形转换。 此处作动词taking的宾语，应 用名词。

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