资源简介

(共109张PPT)
主题引领·语法融通
　　Why are people likely to have trouble 1. （learn） English？2. （actual），I didn’t recognise the problem until my son’s question 3. （remind） me：Why was there no ham in a hamburger？ Then I was aware 4. the unique craziness of English．Many words seem logical，5. many others we come across can be rather 6. （confuse） with no base． For example，we sculpt 7. sculpture but we take a photo．We can get seasick at sea，but we don’t get homesick at home． These types of
learning
Actually
reminded
of
while
confusing
a
examples reflect the creativity of the human race．That’s why when stars are out，they are visible， but when lights are out，they are 8. （visible）．In addition， American English and British English are different in several ways．For example， Americans put gas in cars and drive along the highway； however，the British use petrol and drive along the motorway． Despite the differences，they can understand each other from the context． If you intend 9. （learn） English，don’t let negative comments dominate when you make 10. （error）．
invisible
to learn
errors
单元知识 必备清单
Ⅰ．阅读单词——我会认
1. pine n．松树
2. pineapple n． 菠萝
3. ham n． 火腿
4. eggplant n． 茄子
5. seasick adj． 晕船的
6. airsick adj． 晕机的
7. carsick adj． 晕车的
8. capitalized adj． 大写的
9. elevator n． 电梯，升降机
10. context n． 上下文，语境
11. forum n． （因特网上的）论坛，讨论区
12. frog n． 蛙，青蛙
13. boot n． 靴子
14. wicked adj．　　 缺德的，邪恶的； 很棒的，极好的
15. odd adj．　　 奇特的，古怪的；偶尔发生的；（一双或一套
中）不成对的
16. error n．　　 错误，谬误
Ⅱ．多义单词——我会辨
1. title n．　　题目，标题；冠军；称号
vt． 加标题于
2. flat n． 一套住房，公寓套房
adj．　　 平坦的；扁平的；（车胎）无气的
3. section n．　区域；部分；节
Ⅲ．核心单词——我会写
1. unique adj． 独一无二的，独特的
2. type n． 类型，种类
v． 打字
3. contact v． 联系；联络
n． 联系；接触
4. subway n． 地铁
5. highway n． 公路
6. motorway n． 高速公路
7. gas n． 汽油；气体
8. petrol n． 汽油
9. apartment n． 一套住房，公寓套房
10. resource n． 资料，（教学）资源
11. rather adv． 相当，颇
12. comment n．& v． 评论
13. throat n． 喉咙，咽喉
14. downtown adj． 在城镇中心区的，在闹市区的
adv． 在市中心，往市中心
15. exit n． 出口
16. downstairs adv． 在楼下
17. negative adj． 消极的，负面的
18. positive adj． 好的，积极的
Ⅳ．拓展词汇——我会拓
1. sculpt v．雕刻，雕塑→sculpture n．雕像，雕刻品，雕塑作品 →sculptor n．雕刻家；雕塑家
2. homesick adj．想家的→homesickness n．思乡病；乡愁
3. opposing adj．（观点、意见等）相反的，相对立的→oppose vt．反 对→opposed adj．反对的→opposite adj．对面的；相反的 n．反面， 对立面prep．在……对面→opposition n．反对
4. behavior n．举止，行为→behave v．表现→ misbehave vi．行为
不端
5. confusing adj．令人困惑的→confuse v．使困惑→confused adj．（感到）困惑的→confusion n．混乱；困惑
6. alarm vt．使惊恐，使担心 n．恐慌；警报；警报器 ；闹钟 →alarmed adj．害怕的→alarming adj．惊人的；使人惊恐的
7. reflect vt．显示，反映；反射（光，热，声等）；映出；反思；回 想 →reflection n．反映；反射；映像；反思
8. creativity n．创造性，创造力→creative adj．创造（性）的→create v．创造→creatively adv．创造（性）地
9. visible adj．看得见的，可见的→ invisible adj．看不见的 →visibility n．能见度；可见性；明显性
10. unfamiliar adj．不熟悉的，不了解的→familiar adj．熟悉的 →familiarize vt．使了解，使熟悉→familiarity n．熟悉
11. organization n．组织，团体，机构→organizational adj．有组织能 力的；组织的→organize vt．组织→organized adj．有条理的；有组织 的→organizer n．组织者
12. add vt．增加；补充说→addition n．增加物，添加物→additional adj．额外的→additionally adv．另外，此外
13. misadventure n．事故，灾难→adventure n．& v．冒险；历险（经 历），奇遇→adventurous adj．有冒险精神的；大胆开拓的；惊险的 →adventurer n．冒险家；探险者
14. remind v．提醒，使……想起→reminder n．引起回忆的事物；提 醒人的事物
15. entrance n．大门（口），入口（处）→enter v．进入；参加；登 记 →entry n．进入；入围作品
16. intend v．计划，打算→intention n．计划，打算；目的，意图 →intended adj．打算的；计划的；为……打算（或设计的）
17. recognise v．认识，辨认出；承认，公认；意识到 ；表扬，表彰 →recognition n．认识；识别；承认；认可
18. actually adv．事实上，实际上→actual adj．真实的；实际的
19. informal adj．（书写或言谈）非正式的→formal adj．正式的 →formally adv．正式地
20. likely adj．可能的，可能发生的adv．可能地→unlikely adj．不可 能的；不可能发生的 adv．不可能地→likelihood n．可能；可能性
22. aware adj．意识到的；明白的→unaware adj．未意识到的；不明 白的→awareness n．意识；认识
21. base v．以……为基础 n．基础；根基；基地 →basis n．基础 →basic adj．基本的，基础的→basically adv．基本上，大体上
Ⅴ．重点短语——我会记
1. burn up/down 烧毁，烧尽
2. wind up 给（机械）上发条； 使（活动、会议等）结束
3. come across 偶然发现
（同义：run into）
4. have a frog in one’s throat （尤因喉咙痛）说话困难
5. be aware of 意识到，察觉到
6. in one’s free time 在某人闲暇时
7. have trouble doing sth 做某事有困难
8. fill in/out a form 填表
9. play safe 求稳；谨慎
10. speak of 谈到；说到
（同义：talk of）
Ⅵ．单元佳句——我会用
1. Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple．（部分倒装）
Pineapple（菠萝）里既没有pine（松树），也没有apple（苹果）。
2. That is why when the stars are out，they are visible，but when the lights are out，they are invisible．（why引导表语从句）
那就是为什么stars are out（星星出现了）时，我们能看到星星，而当 lights are out（灯光熄灭）时，我们却看不到灯光。
3. It is impossible to know the meaning of every word， but knowing about word formation can help us guess their meanings．（动词－ing短 语作主语）
知道每个单词的意思是不可能的，但是了解构词法可以帮助我们猜测 它们的意思。
4. Here are some of our favourites， to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world!（全部倒装）
以下是我们最喜欢的几篇，它们让我们意识到，有些在课堂上学到的 英语和在课堂之外使用的英语真是太不一样了!
5. Not only can you post specific questions， but you can also broaden your knowledge by reading posts from other English learners around the world． （not only ．．．but also引起的倒装）
你不仅能发帖问具体的问题，而且还能通过阅读世界各地的英语学习 者的帖子来拓宽你的知识面。
6. I found it very odd．（find＋宾语＋宾补）
我觉得这很奇怪。
高考高分 提升密码
Ⅰ．高考阅读疑难词汇——清障有法
构词 法 否定前缀in－表示“不”或“……的相反”。这个前缀可以加 在形容词、名词、动词之前，构成具有否定意义的派生词
写出下列句中蓝体词的词性和词义
1. （2025 1月浙江卷）There’s no value in delivering any kind of communication， whether written， spoken， formal， or informal， if the message doesn’t come across clearly．　
adj．非正式的
2. Jones’ idea has been fully realized — the“HAPPY TO CHAT”benches help break down the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello．　
3. Your information is inaccurate and your conclusion is therefore wrong．　
4. Some families go without medical treatment because of their inability to pay．　
5. （2025 1月浙江卷）It just creates some worries and insecurities in kids that aren’t necessarily healthy．　
adj．看不见的
adj．不准确的
n．无能，无力
n．不安全感
Ⅱ.2025新增课标词汇——精准备考
1. app （=application） n．应用程序
①mobile app 移动应用程序
②download an app 下载应用程序
③social media app 社交媒体应用程序
（2025 北京卷） This language learning app provides personalized
courses based on users’ learning progress and offers real－time feedback
on pronunciation．
这款语言学习应用程序根据用户的学习进度提供个性化课程，并针对
发音提供实时的反馈。
2. anniversary n．周年纪念日
①wedding anniversary 结婚纪念日
②anniversary celebration 周年庆典
③silver anniversary 银婚纪念日
（2024 北京卷） It’s great to hear you’re planning to write about China’s achievements on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the founding of this country．
欣闻贵方拟于新中国成立75周年之际撰文记述中国发展成就，谨 致赞赏。
3. Antarctica n．南极洲
①Antarctica tour/voyage 南极洲之旅
②Antarctica expedition 南极洲探险
③West Antarctica 西南极洲
（2022 全国甲卷） In March 2008， Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers she’d never met before， to begin the journey towards Antarctica．
2008年3月，Ginni登上一艘船，与48名素未谋面的乘客一起，开始了 前往南极的旅程。
核心知识 点面突破
confusing adj．令人困惑的；难懂的
练通 单句语法填空
①（2024 新课标Ⅰ卷）I thought my pronunciation was the problem， so I explained again more slowly， but he still looked （confuse）．
②Suddenly the man made a slight move， struggling （confuse）．
confused
confusedly
写美 微写作
③校长突然咧嘴一笑：“我有个好消息要告诉你。”我困惑地看着 他。　（情绪描写）
The principal suddenly grinned， “I have good news for you．” I ．
looked at him in confusion
（1）confuse vt．使迷惑；使更难于理解；（将……）混淆，混同
confuse A with/and B　　把A和B混淆
（2）confused adj．　　迷惑的；难懂的
be confused about 　　对……感到迷惑
（3）confusion n．　　困惑；混乱局面；混淆
in confusion　　困惑地；乱七八糟
点津 动词－ing形式的形容词表示“事物”的性质和特征，意为“令 人……的”；动词－ed形式的形容词往往表示“人”所处的状态，常 用来描述人，意为“感到……的”。另外，修饰face、look、 expression、voice等时，常用动词－ed形式的形容词。
remind v．提醒，使……想起
练通 单句语法填空
①（2025 全国二卷）Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa， where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable （remind） of fact than a prayer at dinner time．
reminder
（1）remind sb of/about sth提醒某人某事
remind sb of sth/sb　　使某人想起某事/某人
remind sb to do sth　　提醒某人做某事
remind （sb） that/how/what ．．．　　提醒（某人）……
（2）reminder n．　　提醒者；提醒物
reminding me that I should pay attention
to/reminding me to pay attention to the format and tone
佳句 First hosted in Sydney in 2007， Earth Hour is intended to remind people of/about the influence of global warming and call on people to preserve the environment．　（环境保护）
“地球一小时”活动于2007年首次在悉尼举办，旨在提醒人们全球变 暖的影响，呼吁人们保护环境。
recognise vt．认识，辨认出；承认；认可
练通 单句语法填空
①Smartphones， which are now universally recognised a must， have a great effect on us．
②Decades passing，the once amazing castle has gone recognition for lack of proper preservation．
as
beyond
is recognised to be an effective way to learn
English
（1）be recognised to be/as ．．． 被认为是……
It is recognised that ．．．　　人们认为……
（2）recognition n．　　认出；认识
beyond recognition　　认不出来
gain recognition as ．．．　　获得作为……（身份）的认可
佳句 It is widely recognised that Chinese transport has undergone remarkable transformations， giving Chinese people easy access to different means of travelling．　（2024 全国甲卷）
人们普遍认为，中国的交通经历了显著的变化，使中国人可以方便地 使用不同的出行方式。
base v．以……为基础n．基础
练通 单句语法填空
①（2025 1月浙江卷）Eschewing fertilizers （化肥） and power tools， it’s based an elegantly simple principle： to garden more like nature does．
on/upon
on a daily basis
to watch table tennis matches on
a regular basis
（1）base ．．． on/upon ．．．　把……建立在……的基础上
be based on/upon　　以……为根据/基础
（2）basis n．　　基础
on the basis of　　在……的基础上
on a daily/regular basis　　每天/定期
（3）basic adj．　　基本的，基础的
basically adv．　　基本上，大体上
佳句 You should base your choices of learning methods on the foreign language level．　（建议信）
你应该根据外语水平来选择你的学习方法。
aware adj．意识到的，明白的
练通 单句语法填空
① （aware） of the potential danger，she went further into the forest and fell into the trap．
②（2023 1月浙江卷）My goal is to help my students develop （aware） of their strengths， weaknesses， and learning needs， and to enable them to learn throughout their lives．
Unaware
awareness
写美 微写作
③正是通过这次经历我意识到，应该坚持自己的梦想永不放弃。　 （主旨升华）
It was through the experience that I was aware that I should hold on to/hold fast to my dream and never give it up．
（1）be/become aware of对……知道、明白；意识到……
be aware that ．．．　　意识到/体会到……
as far as I’m aware　　据我所知
（2）awareness n．　　意识；认识
raise/promote/arouse one’s awareness of ．．．　　
提高/唤醒……的意识
佳句 World Oceans Day， falling on 8 June，is aimed at raising people’s awareness of ocean conservation．So we should be aware that responsibility is what it takes to make a better planet． 6月8日为世界海 洋日，旨在提高人们保护海洋的意识。因此，我们应该意识到，责任 是创造一个更美好的地球所需要的。
句型公式：This/That is why ．．．“这/那就是为什么……” （why引导的表语从句表示结果）
教材原句：That is why when the stars are out， they are visible， but when the lights are out， they are invisible．
那就是为什么stars are out（星星出现了）时，我们能看到星星，而当 lights are out（灯光熄灭）时，我们却看不到灯光。
This is why I recommend it to my fellow
students
The reason why I recommend rope skipping to my fellow students
is
（1）This/That is because ．．． 这/那是因为……
（2）The reason why ．．．is/was that ．．．
……的原因是……（表语从句常用that引导，而不用because）
佳句 As we all know， reading classics is of great importance to us．This is because it can not only improve our studies but also enrich our everyday lives．　（建议信）
众所周知，阅读经典作品对我们来说非常重要。这是因为它不仅能提 高我们的学业，而且还能丰富我们的日常生活。
高效迁移 微点练全
一词多义/熟词生义
1. reflect v．显示，反映；映射，反射；思考
①（2025 全国一卷）The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy， according to Tu Ningning， who is in charge of the exhibition． 　
②（2025 全国一卷）As I reflected on what had happened that evening， shame washed over me．　
v．显示，反映
v．思考
③In southern Spain the sudden increase of greenhouses （which reflect light back to space） has changed the warming trend locally， and actually cooled the region．　
v．映射，反射
2. We did odd jobs like farm work and washing dishes．

3. The important words are in bold type．
4. Anyone， once he tests positive for the bird flu，will receive free
medical treatment from the government．　
adj．小的，零散的
n．字体
adj．阳性的
单句语法填空/完成句子
1. He spoke for a long time but his meaning didn’t really come ．
2. Here comes a piece of good news．Chinese Summer Camp， which is intended international students， is going to be held in our school this summer vacation．
3. Our days are busy and sometimes we need to be reminded （slow） down to appreciate the beautiful things around us．
across
for
to slow
4. 因为他杰出的成就，他被公认为是这一领域的代表人物。　（人物 介绍）
Because of his outstanding achievements， he the representative figure in this field．
is recognised as/to be
单句语法填空/完成句子
1. I’d like to wind our interview by wishing you good luck．
2. We should learn to listen to those （oppose） opinions， which can really help improve ourselves．
up
opposing
Trapped in the floods， I the outside world entirely， hopeless and lonely．Fortunately， the government’s rescue team arrived in a timely manner and I my family．
lost contact with
got in/made contact with
3. 我被困在洪水中，完全与外界失去了联系，绝望而孤独。幸运的 是，政府的救援队及时赶到，我与家人取得了联系。　（脱险情境）
In addition/Besides/Additionally
it is
likely/possible/probable that
　应用文增分练——口语练习建议
　　（2023 新课标Ⅰ卷改编）假定你是李华，外教Ryan准备将学生随 机分为两人一组，让大家课后练习口语，你认为这样分组存在问题。 请你给外教写一封邮件，内容包括：
　　（1）说明问题；（2）提出建议。
第一步　根据单元知识写美句
1. 我知道随机分组的好处，但我们必须认识到，也可能有一些负面影 响。（aware， recognise， negative）
2. 事实上，有些学生在与不熟悉的同学交谈时，可能会感到相当不舒 服。 （actually， likely， rather， unfamiliar）
I am aware of the benefits of random grouping， but we have to recognise that there can also be some negative effects．
Actually， some students are likely to feel rather uncomfortable when talking with unfamiliar classmates．
3. 此外，不同水平的学生可能会发现他们很难进行思想交流。 （addition， it作形式宾语）
4. 所以我建议根据学生的水平对他们进行分组。 （base， 过去分词短 语作状语）

5. 而且，他们应该自由选择合作伙伴一起练习。

In addition， students of different levels might find it hard to exchange ideas．
So I suggest grouping students based on their levels．
Also， they should be free to choose partners to practice together．
6. 我确信只有这样，这次练习才会更加富有成效且令人愉快。 （positive， 部分倒装）
Only in this way am I positive that the practice will be more fruitful and enjoyable．
第二步　连句成篇创佳作
　　把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右 的短文。
Dear Ryan，
　　 　I’m Li Hua from Class 3.I am writing to express my opinion on the oral English practice．　
　　
　Yours sincerely，
　Li Hua
I truly hope you can take my suggestions into consideration．
　　 　I am aware of the benefits of random grouping， but we have to recognise that there can also be some negative effects． Actually， some students are likely to feel rather uncomfortable when talking with unfamiliar classmates． In addition， students of different levels might find it hard to exchange ideas． So I suggest grouping students based on their levels． Also， they should be free to choose partners to practice together． Only in this way am I positive that the practice will be more fruitful and enjoyable．　
　读后续写微技能——与狼对峙的恐慌时刻
积累教材续写语料——有效强化教考衔接
佳 句 积 累 心理描写：This got me thinking how English can be a crazy language to learn．
修辞手法：1.If “hard” is the opposite of “soft”， why are “hardly” and “softly” not an opposing pair？ If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions， why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same？　（排比）
佳 句 积 累 2.You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down， in which you fill in a form by filling it out， and in which an alarm is only heard once it goes off!　（排比）
拓展续写话题素材——精准构建表达基石
情感描写：恐惧、惊恐（二）
靓 点 语 块 1.palms sweat 手心冒汗
2.sweat with fear 吓得直冒汗
3.be overwhelmed by horror 非常恐惧
4.one’s throat tightens 某人的喉咙发紧
5.freeze with fear/terror/fright/horror 吓呆
6.send a chill down/up sb’s spine 令某人脊背发凉；令某人毛骨悚然
出 彩 表 达 1.A wave of panic swept over her． （无灵主语句）
一阵恐慌掠过她的心头。
2.She sweated with fear， standing there tongue－tied．（动词－ ing短语作状语）
她吓得大汗淋漓， 站在那里说不出话来。
3.At the sight of the fierce wolf， so scared did I feel that my throat tightened and my knees felt weak．（倒装句）
看到那只凶恶的狼， 我感到非常害怕， 以至于喉咙发紧， 双膝 发软。
出 彩 表 达 4.Her breaths came in quick gasps， and her heart was pounding so hard as if it were about to burst out of her chest．（夸张；as if引 导方式状语从句）
她急促地喘着气， 心脏怦怦直跳， 就像要从胸口跳出来一样。
重拳锤炼续写场景——积累内化应用提升
　　场景导入：那只恶狼的出现让“我们”脊背发凉。看到狼的血盆 大口，“我”的儿子吓得几乎要晕过去。一阵恐慌向“我们”袭来。
sending a chill
down/up our spines
2. （极度恐惧；形容词短语作状语）， I felt my legs quivering and my palms sweating． Beside me was my son，
Extremely frightened
whose heart was pounding so hard as if it were about to burst out of
his chest
A wave of panic crept up on us
So afraid did we feel that our throats tightened and our
knees felt weak
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A
　　（2026 山东临沂二模）Centuries ago， the music of the Hí zaqv language echoed across a territory of rough islands， windswept beaches and thick forests．And then， the lands now in the western reaches of Canada fell quiet．Wars with neighbouring nations and disease brought the language to the edge of extinction．Today， only seventy fluent speakers remain． In some remote communities， where they don’t have high schools， students are moved hundreds of kilometres away to larger cities to complete their studies， away from their families and their land． And so the loss continues on there．
　　Mamakwa is a Hí zaqv， who was punished for speaking his mother tongue in school． Last year， he became the first provincial lawmaker to give a speech in Toronto legislature （议会）． More than 1，000 guests attended． “For community leaders who were there， it was very emotional for them． They had tears in their eyes — not because of what I said but because they were hearing their language in a place where it was never supposed to be spoken，” he said． Mamakwa is now focusing his attention on the remaining systems that reduce the ability to speak the first languages of the land．
　　Recently， there is a cheerful sense of hope． Community efforts have taken on a renewed intensity． New resources have been poured into preservation and education， including compiling （汇编） vast information from the current fluent speakers． Therefore， Hí zaqv culture is being normalized for kids in a much deeper way now than it ever was before．
　　“You never want to lose the body of knowledge and language that you had as a people． But our language is also growing． There are words emerging and concepts emerging that are being included in our language to reflect the new reality we live in， and the new way that we live and work and be together． That’s a good thing，” said Mamakwa．
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大Hí zaqv语言 濒临灭绝的现状，以及人们为保护该语言所做的努力和该语言的发 展情况。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大Hí zaqv语言
濒临灭绝的现状，以及人们为保护该语言所做的努力和该语言的发
展情况。
1. What causes the collapsing Hí zaqv language in some communities today？（　　）
A． The poor educational quality．
B． The enclosed geographic location．
C． The wars and natural disaster risks．
D． The removal of children from their families．
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知，孩子们离开家人 和土地去大城市上学，导致了一些社区中Hí zaqv语言的逐渐消失。
√
2. What moved the community leaders in the Toronto legislature？ （　　）
A． Mamakwa was well treated at school．
B． They heard their language spoken there．
C． They were invited to the high－grade conference．
D． Mamakwa became the first provincial lawmaker．
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的For community leaders ．．．to be spoken可知，社区领袖们感动是因为在多伦多议会上听到了他们自己的语言。
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3. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about？（　　）
A． Efforts of current fluent speakers．
B． Positive changes to the Hí zaqv culture．
C． Cultural influences on kids’ growth．
D． Development of the Hí zaqv language．
解析：　段落大意题。根据第三段可知，本段主要讲述了社区为保 护Hí zaqv文化所做的努力以及Hí zaqv文化正在向好的方向变化。
√
4. Which of the following might Mamakwa agree with？（　　）
A． Language should be dynamic．
B． Language must be standardized．
C． Language is vital to national identity．
D． Language bridges the gap between people．
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知，Mamakwa认为语言应 该随着生活现实的变化而发展。
√
B
　　（2026 安徽芜湖二模）Lots of activities are linked to better brain health in old age． Experts say regularly speaking multiple languages may be especially beneficial by being intellectually stimulating． In a landmark paper， researchers found that dementia （痴呆） patients who were bilingual （双语的） developed symptoms four years later， on average， than those who weren’t． “We use language in all aspects of daily life， so a bilingual brain is constantly working，” said Mark Antoniou， an associate professor at Western Sydney University．
　　However， despite the proven benefits of language learning for brain health， the actual impact of learning a new language later in life on cognitive （认知的） abilities is still a subject of ongoing research with mixed findings． Research by Dr． Antoniou and his colleagues found that while Chinese adults aged 60 and older improved on cognition tests after a six－month language learning program， people who played games like crossword puzzles did as well． Another small study found that older Italians who took English lessons for four months didn’t see any change in their cognition scores， but those who didn’t take the lessons saw their scores decline． Two recent studies found virtually no difference in cognitive performance after people took part in language－learning programs．
　　The scientists who conducted those studies offered a few potential explanations for their disappointing results． One is that the participants were highly motivated volunteers， who may have already been at peak performance for their age， making it hard to see any improvements．
Another is about the language programmes． “The studies looking into the issue have used language lessons that were very different in their length，” said Judith Grossman， a researcher． Some studies involved teaching participants for six months， while others for just one very intense week．
　　To Dr． Antoniou， the findings are not entirely surprising． “No one would say that learning a new language for six months would be the same as having used two languages for your entire life，” he said． “Therefore， it’s ideal to get the ball rolling in childhood to maximize its ability to improve cognitive function throughout life．”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学习多种语言对老 年人认知健康的影响及相关研究结果，探讨了双语能力与大脑健康 的关联性。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学习多种语言对老
年人认知健康的影响及相关研究结果，探讨了双语能力与大脑健康
的关联性。
5. How does speaking various languages offer benefits？（　　）
A． By keeping the brain active．
B． By relieving mental symptoms．
C． By improving one’s intelligence．
D． By increasing language fluency．
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句以及最后一句可知，经常 说多种语言通过刺激智力来让大脑不断工作，也就是让大脑保持活跃 来提供益处。
√
6. What do the studies show about language learning in paragraph 2？ （　　）
A． It doesn’t show consistent cognitive improvement．
B． It is more effective than playing crossword puzzles．
C． It prevents the decline of old people’s mental health．
D． It fails to bring any cognitive benefit to older Italians．
√
解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Research by Dr． Antoniou and his colleagues found ．．． in cognitive performance after people took part in language－learning programs．可推知，语言学习对认知的 改善并不一致。
7. Why did the results in some language－learning studies turn out disappointing？（　　）
A． Researchers used outdated teaching materials．
B． Volunteers were already at their age’s cognitive peak．
C． The language courses focused on irrelevant vocabulary．
D． Participants lacked motivation to learn a new language．
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，一些语言学习研究 结果令人失望的一个原因是参与者是积极性很高的志愿者，他们可能 已经达到了其年龄的认知巅峰，所以很难看到任何改善。
√
8. What might be Antoniou’s suggestion？（　　）
A． Examining scientific findings critically．
B． Finding more ways to enhance cognition．
C． Studying a new language from an early age．
D． Learning essential skills throughout childhood．
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Antoniou认为学习六个 月新语言和一生使用两种语言的效果是不一样的，所以理想的是在童 年时期就开始学习语言，以最大限度地提高其在一生中改善认知功能 的能力。由此推知，Antoniou建议从小学习一门新语言。
√
Ⅱ．完形填空
　　（2026 江西上饶二模）I teach at a university． One of the “problems” this 　9　 is that， as the years pass， I get 　10　， but my students remain the same age — 18 to 22.Early on， when I was in my 20s and 30s， this wasn’t a（n） 　11　， as we were close enough in age to speak the same language． But lately I have become 　12　 aware that a linguistic ship seems to have 　13　 and I am not on board．
　　Let me 　14　 ： Recently， when I walked into my class， my students were 　15　 warmly with each other． One of their comments 　16　 my ear． “Venmo it to me．” I had no 　17　 what “Venmo” meant， so I asked． The 　18　 students were happy to explain it to me， and in return I 　19　 with an expression of silly embarrassment．
　　I am not 　20　 change， but I am uncomfortable with change when its 　21　 has me hanging on by my fingernails． I once joked to a friend that if I were to awaken from a five－year 　22　， I’d have no idea what people were talking about． I just wouldn’t understand the language．
　　It’s a case of the educator becoming the educated， and I congratulate myself on at least having the 　23　 to know what they’re talking about， as well as on my ability — for the most part — to try to learn to understand them．
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者作为一名大学 教师，随着年龄增长与学生产生语言代沟，作者以“Venmo”为例 说明，同时表达了对语言变化速度的感慨。
9. A． presents B． solves
C． ignores D． avoids
解析：　上文One of the “problems”明确指出存在问题，说明这种 情况引起了问题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者作为一名大学
教师，随着年龄增长与学生产生语言代沟，作者以“Venmo”为例
说明，同时表达了对语言变化速度的感慨。
√
10. A． slower B． younger
C． wiser D． older
解析：　下文中but表示转折，与学生年龄不变形成对比，作者年龄 是在增长，变得更老了。
11. A． solution B． issue
C． advantage D． opportunity
解析：　根据下文as we were close enough in age to speak the same language可知，因为年龄相近有共同语言，所以年龄差异在当时不是 一个需要关注的问题。
√
√
12. A． rarely B． barely
C． strongly D． nearly
解析：　下文描述作者对学生说的“Venmo”一无所知，通过这个 具体事例体现出作者强烈地感觉到和学生之间存在语言代沟。
13. A． sailed B． arrived
C． stopped D． disappeared
解析：　on board通常用于描述上船等情况，所以这里说语言之船已 经启航，作者没赶上船。
√
√
14. A． discuss B． show
C． describe D． illustrate
解析：　下文作者详细讲述了在教室听到学生说Venmo自己却不 理解的事例，这是通过具体例子来进一步说明自己和学生之间的 语言代沟。
15. A． arguing B． chatting
C． laughing D． whispering
解析：　根据下文One of their comments可知，comments通常是在交 流、聊天过程中产生的，所以可以推断出学生们在聊天。
√
√
16. A． ignored B． missed
C． caught D． avoided
解析：　根据下文so I asked可知，这句评论引起了作者的注意。
17. A． idea B． thought
C． plan D． sense
解析： 　根据下文so I asked可知，作者不知道Venmo的意思。
√
√
18. A． hard－working B． good－natured
C． absent－minded D． bad－manners
解析：　根据下文were happy to explain it to me可知，学生们乐意给 作者解释，说明学生们很友好。
19. A． waved B． shook
C． nodded D． pointed
解析：　结合上文学生给作者解释Venmo的意思可知，作者作为回 应，通常会点头表示感谢和理解。
√
√
20. A． addicted to B． accustomed to
C． indifferent to D． opposed to
解析：　根据下文中but可知，前面表达的是不反对改变，与下文 “感到不舒服”构成转折关系。
21. A． pace B． slowness
C． ease D． difficulty
解析：　根据下文I’d have no idea what people were talking about． I just wouldn’t understand the language．可知，如果时间间隔久一点，作 者就跟不上语言的变化，说明是语言变化的速度让作者感到吃力。
√
√
22. A． adventure B． mission
C． dream D． trip
解析：　根据上文awaken from可知，作者假设自己从沉睡中醒来。
23. A． ability B． desire
C． effort D． failure
解析：　根据上文和下文to know what they’re talking about可知，作 者去询问Venmo的意思等行为，体现出作者有了解学生话语的欲望。
√
√
Ⅲ．语法填空
　　（2026 山东押题卷）Chinese cuisine is a combination of flavors， tastes， and traditions to create a culinary （烹调的） masterpiece． It is a 24. 　　　　　　 （reflect） to the mastery of Chinese chefs， who have spent 25. 　　　　　　 （century） perfecting the art of balance and harmony in every dish．
　　With a history of thousands of years， Chinese cuisine is as diverse as the country itself， with a variety of regional styles 26. 　　　 reflect the unique culinary traditions and ingredients （原料） of each area． One of the most well－known styles of Chinese cuisine is Cantonese cuisine， which originates in Guangdong Province and is characterized by its emphasis 27. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　 fresh， seasonal
ingredients and delicate flavors． Cantonese cuisine is known for its dim sum， 28. 　　　　　　 style of small， salty dishes served in steamer baskets or on small plates， as well as its seafood dishes， such as
29. 　　　　　　 （steam） fish and crab． Sichuan cuisine originates from the southwestern province of Sichuan and 30.
（note） for its spicy flavors． Known as the “land of plenty”， Sichuan is known for its large use of chili peppers， Sichuan peppercorns， and garlic， which give dishes their distinctive kick． Other famous regional styles of Chinese cuisine include Shandong cuisine， Fujian cuisine， Jiangsu cuisine， Zhejiang cuisine， Hunan cuisine and Anhui cuisine．
　　No matter which style of Chinese cuisine you choose 31. 　　　　　　 （taste）， one thing is certain： you are in for a treat． From salty soups to spicy stir－fries， delicate dumplings to 32. 　　　　　　 （juice） roasted meats， Chinese cuisine is a combination for the senses that is sure to leave you 33. 　　　　（want） more．
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章系统阐述了中国烹饪的特点、 历史及主要地域菜系。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章系统阐述了中国烹饪的特点、
历史及主要地域菜系。
24. reflection　考查词形转换。不定冠词a后接可数名词单数。故填 reflection。
25. centuries　考查名词复数。century为可数名词，而这里应用复数形 式，泛指“多个世纪”。故填centuries。
26. that/which　考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词styles指 物，在定语从句中作主语，故填that/which。
27. on　考查介词。emphasis on意为“对……的强调”。故填on。
28. a　考查冠词。style为可数名词，此处泛指“一种”，用不定冠 词。故填a。
29. steamed　考查非谓语动词。fish与steam为逻辑上的动宾关系，应 用过去分词作定语，表示“被蒸的”。故填steamed。
30. is noted　考查时态和主谓一致。be noted for为固定搭配，意为 “以……闻名”，且描述客观事实用一般现在时。故填is noted。
31. to taste　考查非谓语动词。choose to do sth表示“选择做某事”， 为固定结构，故填to taste。
32. juicy　考查词形转换。修饰名词roasted meats用形容词，表示“多 汁的”。故填juicy。
33. wanting　考查非谓语动词。leave sb doing sth为固定结构，意为 “让某人一直做某事”。故填wanting。

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