资源简介

(共125张PPT)
Unit 2　
Natural disasters
[头脑风暴·思维发散]
　　Natural disasters,such as tsunamis,typhoons and earthquakes,are terrifying and destructive.For example,when a tsunami strikes,the crashing waves can destroy everything in their path.In the face of disasters,the rescue teams play a crucial role.They signal to each other as they work to locate the trapped.To help the victims,charities will supply essential items generously.Despite the chaos,the orderly procedure of rescue gives hope.After the disaster,hugs are shared among survivors,
bringing a bit of relief.We must stay informed and take preventive measures to reduce the impact of these disasters.
自然灾害,如海啸、台风和地震,是可怕且具有破坏性的。例如,当海啸来袭时,汹涌的海浪可以摧毁所到之处的一切。在灾难面前,救援队起着至关重要的作用。他们在寻找被困者时互相发送信号。为了帮助灾民,慈善机构会慷慨地提供必需品。尽管一片混乱,但有序的救援过程给人以希望。灾难发生后,幸存者之间相互拥抱,带来一点宽慰。我们必须随时了解情况,采取预防措施,减少这些灾害的影响。
Welcome to the unit,Reading,
Grammar and usage
Part 1
自主预习·课前清障
基础识记
1. 　　　　 n.碰撞声,破裂声;碰撞;崩溃
vi.& vt.碰撞,撞击;崩溃
2. vi.& vt.发信号,示意;标志
n.信号,暗号;标志;信号灯
3. vt.& vi.出去,离去,退场;退出
n.出口,通道;离开
4. adj.有秩序的,有条理的,整齐的
写作词汇
crash
signal
exit
orderly
5. n.名单;卷;一管;翻滚
vi.& vt.翻滚,滚动;翻身;卷起
6. vt.拥抱,搂抱;抱紧
7. n.补给,补给品;供应;供应量,储备
vt.供应,供给,提供
roll
hug
supply
1.county n.
2.stair n.
3.procedure n.
4.tsunami n.
5.odd adj.
6.bubble n.
7.typhoon n.
阅读词汇
郡,县
楼梯;梯级
程序,步骤,手续
海啸
奇怪的,怪异的;偶尔的;不成对的
泡沫,泡,气泡
台风
8.pole n.
9.hurricane n.
10.conference n.
11.charity n.
12.staff n.
vt.
13.slide n.
vi.& vt.
14.fund n.
柱,杆;极
飓风
会议,研讨会;讨论,商谈
慈善机构(或组织);慈善,施舍;仁爱,宽容
全体职工;管理人员
在……工作,任职于
幻灯片;降低;滑行;山崩
滑行;逐渐陷入
资金;基金
拓展词汇
1. vt.伤害,使受伤;损害→injury n.伤害;损伤→injured adj.受伤的
2. n.灾难,灾害;彻底失败→disastrous adj.灾难性的;损失惨重的
3. n.反应,回应;抗拒;化学反应→react vi.起反应;(对……)作出反应;回应;起化学反应
4. vt.证实,确认;使确信;批准→confirmation n.证实,证明
5. vi.发生,出现;存在于→occurrence n.发生的事情;发生,出现
6. n.宽慰,轻松;减轻,消除;救济→relieve vt.减轻;缓解;解除
injure
disaster
reaction
confirm
occur
relief
7. adj.引起破坏 (或毁灭)的,破坏(或毁灭)性的→destructively adv.毁灭性地→destruction n.破坏;毁灭→destroy v.破坏;毁灭
8. vt.了解,熟悉;通知→information n.信息→informed adj.了解情况的;明智的,有见识的
9. n.震惊,惊愕;剧烈震动 vt.使震惊→shocking adj.非常糟糕的;令人震惊的→shocked adj.震惊的
destructive
inform
shock
10. vt.& vi.惊吓,害怕 n.恐慌;惊吓→scared adj.害怕的→scary adj.恐怖的,可怕的
11. n.电,电力;权力;政权;控制力;能力;能量;力量→powerful adj.有影响力的→powerless adj.无权的;无能为力的
12. vt.捐赠,赠送;献(血)→donation n.捐赠物;捐赠→donor n.捐赠者
scare
power
donate
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1.at large　　　　　　　　
2.hold on to
3.in case
4.make one’s escape
5.signal to sb to do sth
6.roll call
整个,全部
紧紧抓住,不放开
以防;万一;假使
逃生
示意某人做某事
点名
7.safe and sound
8.race across
9.occur to
10.keep one’s head
11.warn sb of...
12.to one’s relief
安然无恙的
急速穿越;席卷
被想到,浮现在脑中
(在困境中)保持冷静
提醒某人当心……
使某人宽慰的是
13.crash into
14.stay away from
15.in the face of
16.run out of
撞上;坠毁
远离
面对
用完,耗尽
重点句型
1.Alice Brown,head teacher at Falmont Primary School,
.(be doing...when...句型)
弗尔蒙特小学校长艾丽斯·布朗当时正在授课,突然地面开始晃动。
2.At the same time,Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door,
.(in case引导目的状语从句)
与此同时,布朗女士立刻打开教室门,以防门在震动中损坏打不开。
was teaching when
the floor began to shake
in case
it became damaged during the shaking and could not open
3. ,Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.(the moment引导时间状语从句)
晃动一停止,布朗女士立即意识到这是全班逃生的最好时机。
4.NEWDALE—On 20 December,a series of huge waves
raced across the ocean near Goldshore and .(过去分词短语作后置定语;leave+宾语+宾语补足语)
纽代尔——12月20日,由海底地震引起的一排排巨浪急速冲过金海岸附近的海面,造成数千人死亡。
The moment the shaking stopped
caused by an
undersea earthquake
left thousands dead
5.People were walking,running or simply sitting on the sandy beach,
.(现在分词短语作伴随状语;that引导定语从句)
人们在散步、晨跑,或者就是坐在沙滩上,享受着温暖的海边空气和拂过发际的微风。
enjoying the warm sea air and the soft wind that brushed their hair
学习理解·语篇解构
语篇导读·先行把握
▲
1.主题语境:人与自然——自然灾害与防范。
2.语篇类型:新闻报道。
3.课文内容分析:
语篇是两则新闻报道,分别介绍了地震和海啸发生时人们正确应对从而得以逃生的故事。第一则新闻报道讲述了地震发生时,校长沉着冷静地指挥学生成功自救的事件,强调了平时地震安全演练的重要性。第二则新闻报道讲述了在海滩上,一个女孩利用所学的有关海啸的知识成功挽救百余人生命的事件。这两则新闻报道旨在让学生认识到,虽然自然灾害不可避免,但是掌握正确的自救方法可以减少灾难带来的损失。
多维解读·浅析结构
▲
【答案】 1.earthquake　2.Miss Brown　3.twice　4.On 20 December　5.tsunami　6.safety officer　7.Geography
精研细读·深层理解
▲
(　　)1.What was the students’ reaction at the beginning of the earthquake
[A]They moved under their desks,head first,and held on to the legs of the desks.
[B]They quickly opened the classroom door to escape.
[C]They cried and hugged each other anxiously.
[D]They remained still and waited calmly and quietly.
A
(　　)2.Why did the students injure slightly during the earthquake
[A]It was not a big earthquake.
[B]The school buildings were strong.
[C]They got timely first aid.
[D]They had practised earthquake safety procedures before.
D
(　　)3.What did Sabrina notice about the sea water
[A]She found the sea wind was more fierce than ever.
[B]She found more seagulls were flying over the sea.
[C]She found more people walking and running on the sandy beach.
[D]She noticed something strange and different from the regular day.
D
(　　)4.Which of the following words can best describe Sabrina Andron
[A]Enthusiastic but doubtful.
[B]Warm-hearted and calm.
[C]Ambitious and brave.
[D]Generous and careful.
B
二次开发·深研课文
▲
　　On 17 March,476 students and 36 teachers at Falmont Primary School escaped an earthquake 1.　　 　　 hit the county.Alice Brown,head teacher at Falmont Primary School,2.　　 　　(teach) when the floor began to shake.Her students’ 3.　　　　(react) was quick and correct—they moved under their desks,head first,and held on to the legs of the desks.The moment the shaking stopped,Miss Brown signalled to her students 4.　　　　(exit) the classroom in an orderly line covering their heads with their hands.
that/which
was teaching
reaction
to exit
On 20 December,a 10-year-old girl,Sabrina Andron,helped around 100 people escape the tsunami 5.　　　　(cause) by an undersea earthquake with her knowledge of tsunamis.People on Goldshore Beach were walking,running or simply sitting on the sandy beach,6.　　　　(enjoy) the warm sea air and the soft wind.Then Sabrina noticed something odd.It immediately occurred 7.　　　　 her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami.Sabrina was 8.　　 　　(frighten),but she soon kept her head.She warned her parents of the danger,and insisted that they talk to a safety officer.To her great relief,9.　　　　 officer immediately realized the coming danger.The beach was 10.　　　　(rapid) cleared of people,just before the huge waves crashed into the coast.
caused
enjoying
to
frightened
the
rapidly
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
1.injure vt.伤害,使受伤;损害
·injury n.伤害;损伤
·injured adj.受伤的
[教材原句] Only 5 students suffered slight injuries,despite the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster area at large.
尽管目前整个灾区的伤亡数字是7人死亡,200多人受伤,但(在这所学校)只有5名学生受了轻伤。
例　(应用文写作之道歉信)I deeply regret that my thoughtless words injured your feelings.I should have been more careful with what I said.
我对自己欠考虑的话伤害了你的感情深感懊悔。我说话本应该更谨慎些。
例　She realised that her behaviour had done him an injury and apologised immediately.
她意识到自己的行为伤害了他,于是立即道歉。
do sb an injury=do an injury to sb 伤害某人;使某人受伤
归纳拓展
·get/be injured 受伤
injure one’s pride 伤害某人的自尊心
·do sb an injury=do an injury to sb 伤害某人;使某人受伤
·the injured 受伤的人;伤员
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
The 　　　　(injure) were rushed to the hospital immediately after the accident.
(应用文写作之建议信)You should be careful not to do others an
　　　　(injure) with your sharp words.
(应用文写作之道歉信)由于我的左脚受了重伤,我不能按计划和你一起去了。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I can’t go with you as planned.
injury
With my left foot seriously injured
injured
语
境
串
词
Three people were injured in the car crash.Rescuers said the injured were taken to a nearby hospital,and fortunately the injury was not serious.
三人在车祸中受伤。救援人员说,伤者被送往附近的一家医院,幸运的是,伤势并不严重。
2.reaction n.反应,回应;抗拒;化学反应
·react vi.起反应;(对……)作出反应;回应;起化学反应
[教材原句] Her students’ reaction was quick and correct—they moved under their desks,head first,and held on to the legs of the desks.
她的学生们反应迅速、正确——他们头朝里,爬到课桌下面,并紧紧抓住桌腿。
例　(读后续写之场景描写)The audience’s reaction to the performance was very positive,with lots of applause and cheers.
观众对表演的反应非常积极,掌声和欢呼声不断。
例　People tend to react differently in stressful situations.
人们在压力大的情况下往往会有不同的反应。
归纳拓展
·in reaction to...作为对……的反应;以应对……
·react to...(by...) (以……方式)对……作出反应;回应……
react against反对;反抗
react with和……产生化学反应
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
In 　　　　(react) to the poor weather forecast,they decided to postpone the outdoor event.
(读后续写之情感描写)He didn’t react 　　　 my greeting,which made me feel a bit awkward.
Teenagers often react 　　　　 their parents’ strict rules.
reaction
to
against
3.signal vi.& vt.发信号,示意;标志 n.信号,暗号;标志;信号灯
[教材原句] She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an orderly line covering their heads with their hands.
她示意学生们抱着头,排好队,有序离开教室。
例　(2022·全国乙卷)With their ability to see ahead,they could signal any problem,so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
凭借它们的预见能力,它们可以提前预警问题,以便高速行驶的列车能够及时作出反应。
例　He signalled to the waiter to bring the menu so they could order.
他示意服务员把菜单拿过来,以便他们点菜。
signal (to) sb to do sth 示意某人做某事
归纳拓展
·signal (to) sb to do sth 示意某人做某事
signal to sb向某人示意
signal (sb) that...示意(某人)……
·danger/warning signals 危险/警告信号
traffic signals交通信号灯
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
The guard seems to be signalling 　　　　 us with his arm.
The policeman signalled us 　　　　 (cross) the road.
Tom turned left at traffic 　　　　 (signal).
to
to cross
signals
4.occur vi.发生,出现;存在于
·occurrence n.发生的事情;发生,出现
[教材原句] It immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami.
她立刻意识到这些是海啸来临的征兆。
例　(2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well.
在20世纪60年代末和70年代,澳大利亚也发生了类似的运动。
例　It suddenly occurred to me that I had run out of my money.
我突然想到我已经用光了我的钱。
It occurs/occurred to sb that.../to do sth 某人突然想到……/做某事
归纳拓展
sth occurs/occurred to sb 某人突然想起某事;某事发生在某人身上
It occurs/occurred to sb that.../to do sth 某人突然想到……/做某事
It hits/strikes/comes to sb that...某人突然想到……
温馨提示
①occur没有被动语态,不用于进行时;
②occur作谓语时,主语不能是人;
③occur的过去式和过去分词均为occurred,现在分词为occurring。
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
An excellent idea 　　　 　(occur) to me when I woke up this morning.
It didn’t occur to her 　　　　(ask) for help.
It didn’t occur 　　　　 him that she would refuse his invitation.
occurred
to ask
to
5.relief n.宽慰,轻松;减轻,消除;救济
·relieve vt.减轻;缓解;解除
[教材原句] To her great relief,the officer immediately realized the coming danger.
使她大为宽慰的是,这名安全员立即意识到了即将到来的危险。
例　(2025·浙江1月卷)The man froze for a second, but when he saw the skinny boy he breathed a sigh of relief.
那个男人愣了一下,但当他看到那个瘦弱的男孩时,他松了一口气。
breathe a sigh of relief 松了一口气
例　(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief.
他试过放松肌肉的药物,但收效甚微。
例　To my great relief,I passed the driving test at the first attempt.
令我大为欣慰的是,我第一次考驾照就通过了。
to one’s (great) relief 使某人(大为)宽慰的是
归纳拓展
·to one’s (great) relief 使某人(大为)宽慰的是
breathe a sigh of relief 松了一口气
in/with relief宽慰地;如释重负地
It is a relief to do sth做某事是令人宽慰的
·relieve sb of...减轻/缓解某人的……
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
It is a great relief 　　　　(have) rain after a long time of drought.
The doctor’s treatment gave no 　　　　(relieve) to the patient.
Regular exercise can relieve you 　　　　 stress and make you feel more relaxed.
(读后续写之心理描写)令我们宽慰的是,直升机在那只熊把围栏拆掉之前到达了。
　　　　　　　　,the helicopter arrived before the bear tore down the fence.
to have
relief
of
To our relief
语
境
串
词
In the earthquake-stricken area,people breathed a sigh of relief when seeing the relief supplies.The government’s efforts relieved them of the worry about daily necessities.
在地震灾区,人们看到救援物资时松了一口气。政府的努力减轻了他们对生活必需品的担忧。
6.inform vt.了解,熟悉;通知
·information n.信息
·informed adj.了解情况的;明智的,有见识的
[教材原句] Remember to inform yourself of what is going on.
记得要了解事态的进展。
例　(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places—and even species—that are not well-sampled.
生物多样性应用程序可以利用我们的研究结果告知用户采样过度的地区,并将他们引导到采样不足的地方,甚至关注尚未充分记录的物种。
例　(应用文写作之建议信)You should inform yourself about the local culture and customs before you go abroad.
在出国之前,你应该了解当地的文化和习俗。
inform sb of/about sth 通知某人某事
归纳拓展
·inform sb of/about sth 通知某人某事
inform sb that...通知某人……
inform oneself of/about sth了解/熟悉某事
·keep sb informed of/about sth 使某人了解某事;随时告知某人某事
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
The teacher informed the students 　　　　 the upcoming exam.
We will keep you 　　　 　(inform) about the progress of your application.
The Internet provides us with a vast amount of 　　　 　(inform).
(话题写作之传统文化)通过欣赏中国画,你能充分地了解中国传统文化和中国人。
Through appreciating Chinese paintings,you can
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 fully.
of/about
informed
information
inform yourself of/about traditional Chinese culture and Chinese people
7.shock n.震惊,惊愕;剧烈震动 vt.使震惊
·shocking adj.非常糟糕的;令人震惊的
·shocked adj.震惊的
[教材原句] As you can imagine,it was a bit of a shock.
你可以想象,这让我有点震惊。
例　The news of his sudden death came as a great shock to everyone.
他突然去世的消息让所有人都大为震惊。
be a shock to...对……而言是
一件震惊的事
例　(读后续写之情感描写)I’m still shocked at what he said to me yesterday.
It was so hurtful.
我仍然对他昨天对我说的话感到震惊,太伤人了。
be shocked at/by sth/that...对……感到震惊
归纳拓展
·be a shock to...对……而言是一件震惊的事
in shock震惊地;吃惊地
to one’s shock 令某人震惊的是
be numb with shock因震惊而麻木
·be shocked at/by sth/that...对……感到震惊
be shocked to do sth因做某事而感到震惊
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
All of us were 　　　　 at the 　 　　　 news that such an attack should happen in this region.(shock)
I was shocked 　　　　(hear) that he had quit his job without any notice.
The students were shocked 　　　　 the difficult questions in the exam.
When she heard the news of her husband’s sudden death in a car accident,
she was numb 　　　　 shock.
shocked
shocking
to hear
at/by
with
语
境
串
词
To our shock,the earthquake’s magnitude was so high.The shocking news left everyone in shock.We were shocked and sad to hear that so many people had lost their lives in this disaster.
令我们震惊的是,这次地震的震级如此之高。这个令人震惊的消息使每个人感到震惊。听闻许多人在这次灾害中丧生,我们感到震惊和悲伤。
8.scare vt.& vi.惊吓,害怕 n.恐慌;惊吓
·scared adj.害怕的
·scary adj.恐怖的,可怕的
[教材原句] The strong wind and heavy rain didn’t scare me,but I was quite frightened during the power failure.
强风和暴雨并没有吓到我,但是停电的时候我感到相当害怕。
例　The loud thunder scared the little girl.
巨大的雷声吓坏了小女孩。
例　(2024·全国甲卷)For instance,almost all animals have distinct vocals
(声音) that they rely on to either ask for help,scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter.
例如,几乎所有的动物都有独特的声音,它们依靠这些声音来寻求帮助,吓跑危险的动物或寻找庇护。
scare...away/off把……吓跑
例　She is scared of the dark,so she always sleeps with the light on.
她怕黑,所以总是开着灯睡觉。
be scared of (doing) sth 害怕(做)某事
归纳拓展
·scare...away/off把……吓跑
scare sb into/out of doing sth恐吓某人做/不做某事
·be scared to death吓得要死
be scared to do sth害怕/不敢做某事
be scared of (doing) sth 害怕(做)某事
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
The man’s 　 　　　 look suggested that there must be something
　　　　.(scare)
(读后续写之心理描写)当我看到那巨大的海浪高耸在小船上方时,我几乎要吓死了。
When I saw the huge wave towering over the boat,I
　　　　　.
scared
scary
was nearly scared to
death
(读后续写之情感描写)我焦虑地屏住呼吸,不敢面对教练愤怒的目光。
I held my breath anxiously and I 　 　 　　　　　　　　　 my coach’s angry eyes.
(读后续写之动作描写)野马朝我们跑得越快,我们就越惊慌和害怕。我们疯狂挥舞手臂把它吓跑。
The faster the wild horse ran towards us,the more 　 　　　　　　　　 we got.We waved our arms wildly to 　　　　　　　　.
was scared to meet/of meeting
panicked and scared
scare it away/off
9.power n.电,电力;权力;政权;控制力;能力;能量;力量
·powerful adj.有影响力的
·powerless adj.无权的;无能为力的
[教材原句] The strong wind and heavy rain didn’t scare me,but I was quite frightened during the power failure.
强风和暴雨并没有吓到我,但是停电的时候我感到相当害怕。
例　Knowledge is power.
知识就是力量。
例　The typhoon was so powerful that it blew down many trees and houses.
台风威力巨大,刮倒了许多树木和房屋。
归纳拓展
in power 当权
come to/into power 开始掌权;上台
in/within/beyond one’s power 在某人的能力范围之内/超出某人的能力
wind/solar power风能/太阳能
power failure停电
[语境运用] 完成句子
我会尽全力帮你。
I’ll do all 　　　　　　 　　 to help you.
因为极低的气温,得克萨斯州的绝大多数地区遭遇了严重的停电。
Because of the extremely low temperature,most areas of Texas
　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　.
他上台时,许多人寄予厚望,但很快就失望了。
Many people had high hopes when he 　　　　　　　　　　,but they were soon disappointed.
in/within my power
suffered from serious power failure
came to/into power
10.run out of 用完,耗尽
[教材原句] Were you afraid of running out of supplies
你害怕物资耗尽吗
例　We’re running out of time.We have to finish this project by tomorrow.
我们快没时间了。我们必须在明天之前完成这个项目。
例　I’ve run out of patience with his excuses.He needs to take responsibility for his actions.
我对他的借口已经失去耐心了。他需要为自己的行为负责。
归纳拓展
·(sb) run out of (sth)=(sb) use up (sth)(某人)用完(某物)
(sth) run out=(sth) be used up (某物) 用完
·run across 跑着穿过;偶然遇见
run after追逐;跟踪;追求
run away跑开;逃走
run into撞上;偶然遇见;遇到(困难等)
run for竞选
run down撞倒
[语境运用] 用run相关短语的适当形式完成句子
My dog loves to 　　　　　　 its ball when I throw it in the park.
We 　　　　　　 some old friends when we were attending a lecture about disease prevention.
The kid 　　　　　　　　 by a car when he 　 　　　　　　　 a busy road.
run after
ran across
was run down
was running across
She hasn’t made it clear whether she will 　　　　　　 president.
With our food 　　　　　　　　,we need to go to the supermarket to buy some or we will have nothing to eat tomorrow.
Hearing a police car coming,the thief 　　　　　　　 　 as quickly as possible.
run for　
running out
ran away
11.supply n.补给,补给品;供应;供应量,储备 vt.供应,供给,提供
[教材原句] Were you afraid of running out of supplies
你害怕物资耗尽吗
例　(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens.
这种创新设计只需付出很少的努力,就能实现每周稳定供应新鲜绿叶蔬菜。
例　They supply us with fresh fruit and vegetables every day.
他们每天为我们提供新鲜的水果和蔬菜。
归纳拓展
·in short supply 供应不足
supply and demand 供求关系
have a good/large supply of...备有许多……
·supply sb with sth=supply sth to sb给某人提供某物
温馨提示
表示“给某人提供某物”的短语还有provide sb with sth/provide sth for sb、offer sb sth/offer sth to sb等。
[语境运用] 完成句子
诸如煤和石油这样的自然资源供应不足。
The natural resources,such as coal and oil are 　　　　　　　　.
价格会根据供求关系而变化。
Prices will change 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
他们将会向顾客提供各种服务,努力满足他们的需求。
They will
　　　　 　　　,trying to satisfy their needs.
in short supply
according to supply and demand
supply customers with all kinds of services/supply all kinds of services to customers
重点句式
be doing...when...句型
▲
[教材原句] Alice Brown,head teacher at Falmont Primary School,was teaching when the floor began to shake.
弗尔蒙特小学校长艾丽斯·布朗当时正在授课,突然地面开始晃动。
例　The children were playing in the garden when it began to rain.
孩子们正在花园里玩耍,这时开始下雨了。
例　I had just finished my homework when my mother called me for dinner.
我刚做完作业,这时妈妈叫我吃晚饭。
be doing...when...正在做……,这时(突然)……
had (just) done...when...刚做完……,这时(突然)……
归纳拓展
when作并列连词时,意为“就在这/那时”,相当于and then,and at that time,常用于以下句型:
·be doing...when...正在做……,这时(突然)……
·be about to do...when...=be on the point of doing...when...正要做……,这时(突然)……
·had (just) done...when...刚做完……,这时(突然)……
[语境运用] 翻译句子
我正在看公告栏(noticeboard)上的照片,这时我听到身后有个声音。
我正要放弃,这时我的老师鼓励我再尝试一次。
I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me.
I was about to give up when my teacher encouraged me to try again./I was on the point of giving up when my teacher encouraged me to try again.　
我刚从厨房出来,这时(突然)有人敲门。
I had (just) walked out of the kitchen when someone knocked at the door.
in case引导目的状语从句
▲
[教材原句] At the same time,Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door,in case it became damaged during the shaking and could not open.
与此同时,布朗女士立刻打开教室门,以防门在震动中损坏打不开。
例　I always carry a spare key in case I lock myself out.
我总是带着一把备用钥匙,以防把自己锁在外面。
例　In case she comes back,let me know immediately.
如果她回来了,立刻告诉我。
引导条件状语从句时,意为“如果;万一”
引导目的状语从句时,意为“以防;以备”
归纳拓展
·in case引导从句的用法:
引导目的状语从句时,意为“以防;以备”
引导条件状语从句时,意为“如果;万一”
·in case of (+n./pron./v.-ing) 如果;万一
in any case无论如何;不管怎样
in no case决不(置于句首时,句子要用部分倒装)
in this/that case假使这样/那样的话,既然这样/那样
[语境运用] 完成句子
迈克尔考虑得很周到,他告诉了我们他要晚到以免我们担心。
It was considerate of Michael to inform us of his delay
　　　　　　　　　　　　.
万一我面试失败,我还有另外一个机会找到工作。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I have another chance to find a job.
in case we got
worried
In case I fail in the interview
(应用文写作之倡议书)在任何情况下我们都不应该忽视环境保护,否则我们将面临严重的生态灾难。
In no case 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,or we’ll face serious ecological disasters.
should we overlook environmental protection
the moment引导时间状语从句
▲
[教材原句] The moment the shaking stopped,Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.
晃动一停止,布朗女士立即意识到这是全班逃生的最好时机。
例　(读后续写之场景描写)The moment he finished his speech,the audience erupted into applause.
他结束演讲的瞬间,观众爆发出掌声。
例　The moment she saw the puppy,she knew she had to adopt it.
她看到那只小狗的那一瞬间,就知道她必须要领养它。
归纳拓展
the moment意为“一……就……”,意义相近的其他表达方式
还有:
·on/upon+n./doing sth
·as soon as+从句
·the minute/the second/the instant+从句
·immediately/directly/instantly+从句
·hardly...when.../no sooner...than...句型
温馨提示
①在hardly...when.../no sooner...than...句型中,主句常用过去完成时,从句常用一般过去时;②当hardly和no sooner放在句首时,主句要用部分倒装形式,即把助动词had提到主语之前。
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
I had no sooner reached home 　　　　 it began to rain.
Upon 　　 　　(return) from Beijing,he began his research work.
　　　　　 　　　　
(我们一到达),we were shown around the company.
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　(我们刚一开始爬山) when the snow began to come down.
than
returning
The moment/minute/second/instant we arrived或On/Upon our arrival
Hardly had we begun climbing the mountain
[教材原句] After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound,
they relaxed, laughing,crying and hugging each other.
长难句分析
尝试分析:这是一个主从复合句。 为after引导的时间状语从句, 为that引导的宾语从句,they relaxed是主句, 为现在分词短语作伴随状语。
自主翻译:点名确认所有人都安然无恙后,他们才放松下来,笑啊,哭啊,互相拥抱着。
[语境运用] 情境写作
洪水过后,经过点名确认所有村民都安然无恙后,他们终于松了一口气,喜极而泣,紧紧相拥,并向救援队表达了感激之情。
following the flood,they finally let out a sigh of relief,crying with joy,
hugging each other tightly and
.
After a roll call confirmed that all the villagers were safe and sound
expressing their gratitude to the rescue
team
语法微专题2
动词不定式作定语和
结果状语
语法原句再现
I was staying in Atlanta,and that was one of the cities to be hit.
That morning,I turned on the TV for some local news,only to hear that a hurricane was on its way.
The roads were blocked,so there was nothing for me to do but stay inside.
I had enough food and water to last a whole week!
When the wind and rain stopped,I looked out of the window,only to see huge trees lying across the street and water everywhere!
动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,有时to可以省略,其否定形式是not to do。不定式没有人称和数的变化,但有语态的变化。不定式不能作谓语,但可以作主语、宾语、状语、表语、定语和补足语。请你判断出以上句子中动词不定式在句中作什么成分。
语法知识点拨
一、动词不定式作定语
1.动词不定式作定语,常放在名词或不定代词后面作后置定语,表示尚未发生的动作。
Let us give him something to eat.
让我们给他一些吃的东西。
(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Additionally,from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class...
而且,我会不时地布置一些在课堂上完成的小组作业……
2.当中心词为序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级、the next、the only等修饰时,常用动词不定式作后置定语。
He is always the first to arrive at the school and the last to leave the school.
他总是第一个到校,最后一个离校。
The only way to conquer a fear is to face it.
克服恐惧的唯一方法是面对恐惧。
3.抽象名词plan、attempt、ability、chance、desire、determination、decision、way等后,常用动词不定式作后置定语。
Tom has the ability and desire to do challenging work.
汤姆有能力和愿望去做有挑战性的工作。
4.当名词与定语之间存在动宾关系时。
She is a nice person to work with.
她是一个很好的合作伙伴。
5.当名词与定语之间存在主谓关系时。
We must find a person to do the job.
我们必须找到一个人来做这项工作。
6.当名词与定语之间存在同位关系时。
My desire to carry on with the experiment has failed.
我想继续做实验的愿望没能实现。
温馨提示
①动词不定式常放在某些名词或代词后作定语。如果作定语的动词不定式是不及物动词,或者动词不定式修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等,动词不定式后需要加相应的介词。
He has no pen to write with.
他没有钢笔写字。
温馨提示
②动词不定式作定语时,如果句子的主语是不定式的逻辑主语,动词不定式使用主动形式表示被动含义。试比较下列例句。
Have you got anything to buy
你有什么东西要买吗 (不定式to buy的动作执行者是you)
Have you got anything to be bought
你有什么要(我或别人)买的吗 (不定式to be bought的动作执行者是“我”或“别人”,因此只能用动词不定式的被动形式作后置定语)
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
It is recognised that he is the best man 　　 　　(complete) the task.
Thanks to your encouragement,I finally got the courage 　　　　(face) all the challenges.
The system has the ability 　　　　(run) more than one programme at the same time.
Could you tell me an effective way 　　　　(learn) English well
to complete
to face
to run
to learn
二、动词不定式作结果状语
动词不定式作状语表示结果时常用如下结构:
1.so+形容词/副词+as to do...如此……以至于……
He studied so hard as to pass the last exam.
他如此努力学习以至于通过了最后一次考试。
2.such+形容词+名词+as to do...如此……以至于……
He is not such a silly man as to do that.
他还没有蠢到做那种事。
3.enough to do...足够……
The boy was experienced enough to deal with such a person.
对付那样一个人,那个男孩很有经验。
He walked fast enough to keep up with his coach.
他走得很快,赶上了他的教练。
4.too+形容词/副词+to do...太……而不能……
The old woman was too weak to carry the heavy box.
这个老妇人太虚弱了,搬不动这个沉重的箱子。
The Californian ship arrived too late to save more people.
“加利福尼亚号”到得太晚,没能挽救更多的人。
温馨提示
动词不定式短语表示结果时,常与only连用,暗示一种意外的结果。
He hurried to the station,only to find the train had left.
他匆忙赶到车站,却发现火车已经开走了。
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
He hurried to the agency,only 　　　　(find) the manager had left.
The speech hall in our school is big enough 　　 　　 (hold) 2,000 people.
They arrived at the airport,only 　 　　　(inform) that the flight had been cancelled due to the snowstorm.
During rush hours,the subway is always too crowded for people
　　　　(get) on.
to find
to hold
to be informed
to get
真题赏析
1.(2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough
(carry) around.
【解析】 考查动词不定式。 分析句子结构可知,此处应用动词不定式作结果状语;主语为the fuels,与carry之间构成被动关系。故填to be carried。
to be carried
2.(2025·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)People often feel they are too busy
(volunteer).
【解析】 考查动词不定式。 分析句子结构可知,此处考查“too+形容词+to do...”结构,因此空处应用动词不定式作结果状语。故填to volunteer。
to volunteer
3.(2025·浙江1月卷)Before choosing to study online,consider whether you’re a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough 　　　　 (keep) you going.
【解析】 考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知,此处应用动词不定式作结果状语。故填to keep。
to keep
4.(2025·浙江1月卷)Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connection between an ability 　　　　(wait) long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success.
【解析】 考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知,此处应用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to wait。
to wait
5.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)That means you have tons of less-visited options
　　 　　 (choose) from.
【解析】 考查动词不定式。options是名词,其后常用动词不定式作后置定语,表示“可选择的选项”。to choose from意为“从……中选择”。故填to choose。
to choose
语法专项训练
Ⅰ.用动词不定式改写下面的句子
1.He is so young that he can’t tell right from wrong.
→He is 　　　　　 　　　　 right from wrong.
2.I’d like to see Tom,for I want to tell him something urgent.
→I’d like to see Tom,for I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
too young to tell
have something urgent to tell him
3.You are the only person in our class who is admitted into Beijing University.
→You are the only person in our class
　　　　　　　　　.
4.You are so intelligent that you can solve the problem all by yourself.
→You are 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
to be admitted into Beijing
University
intelligent enough to solve the problem all by yourself
5.A new school will be built there and it is for the disabled children.
→A new school 　　　　　　　　 is for the disabled children.
6.She is the first blind student that will study in this university.
→She is the first blind student 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
to be built there
to study in this university
Ⅱ.语篇填空
　　This summer holiday,1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(我年龄足够大可以找到) a part-time job in a company.But 2.
(我要参加一个面试).With a lot of things to prepare,I was very nervous.The next day,I arrived there early,3.　　　　　　　　(结果被告知) that I was 4.　　　　　　　　　　　(第一个来的人).I was nervous again,and then I found 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　(一个解决问题的方法).Finally,
6.　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(我获得了在公司里工作的机会).
I was old enough to find　
I had an interview to attend
only to be told
the first one to come
a way to solve the problem
I got the opportunity to work in the company(共41张PPT)
Unit 2　话题提升训练2
(分值:45分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8题;每题2.5分,共20分)
A
Landslides of ash,gas and rock that flow out downhill during volcanic eruptions may be even more dangerous than scientists had realised.
Laboratory and field measurements show pulses of high pressure form within these slides,known as pyroclastic (火山碎屑的) flows.Those pressures can be far stronger,and more destructive,than disaster evaluations typically assume.“It’s not a small difference,” says Cert Lube,a volcanologist at Massey University in Palmerston North,New Zealand.
Conventional disaster evaluations might suggest a certain flow will only burst windows,but he says,“When actually,the pressures are so strong,they knock down the walls of the building.”
Pyroclastic flows are the deadliest volcanic disaster,in part because of the pressures they cause.Due to their violent nature,researchers often have to evaluate average pressures in the flows using computer simulations (模拟) based on measurements of geologic deposits left by past flows.
At Massey University in Palmerston North,New Zealand,researchers freed mixtures of hot rock,ash and gas down a channel to copy volcanic landslides known as pyroclastic flows.These pyroclastic flows have an inner rhythm (节奏) that makes them especially destructive.To directly study the inner workings of these forces of nature,Lube and colleagues reproduced smaller versions of the flows in experiments,measuring the destructive power.That let the team calculate the pressures inside the flows.The researchers also analysed the first measurements of pressures in natural flows,collected in 2019,when pyroclastic flows burst from the Whakaari volcano and swallowed a set of sensors.
To the researchers’ surprise,pressures in the flows shook rhythmically.
“These pressure pulses would successively damage barriers like blows from an electric drill,” Lube says.“The pulses sometimes smashed more than three times as hard as the average pressure evaluates typically suggested by conventional simulations.”
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了火山碎屑流的实际破坏性可能比科学家以前认为的更严重,并且通过模拟实验证明了这一点。
(　　)1.Why do researchers use computers to simulate pyroclastic flows
[A]To find out their inner rhythm.
[B]To evaluate their violent nature.
[C]To figure out their average pressures.
[D]To copy the scene of volcanic landslides.
C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句可知,研究人员用计算机来模拟火山碎屑流是为了计算它们的平均压力。故选C。
(　　)2.What does the fourth paragraph focus on
[A]How to prepare the simulation experiment.
[B]How to carry out the simulation experiment.
[C]Why to conduct the simulation experiment.
[D]Why to measure the inner rhythm of pyroclastic flows.
B
【解析】 段落大意题。通读第四段可知,本段描述了研究人员进行模拟实验的具体步骤以及运用的设备和方法,因此,第四段主要讲了如何进行模拟实验。故选B。
(　　)3.What does the underlined word “smashed” in the last paragraph mean
[A]Crashed.
[B]Bombed.
[C]Conflicted.
[D]Increased.
A
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据最后一段的第二句可知,这些压力脉冲会像电钻一样不断地破坏障碍物,故画线词所在句表示脉冲有时碰撞的压力是常规模拟中估计的平均压力的三倍以上。因此,画线词与crashed含义一致,意为“撞击”。故选A。
(　　)4.Which can be a suitable title for the text
[A]A Well-known Landslide
[B]The Deadliest Volcanic Disaster
[C]More Destructive Pyroclastic Flows
[D]A Pyroclastic Flows Simulation Experiment
C
【解析】 标题归纳题。根据第二段的第一、第二句可知,火山碎屑流的破坏性比灾害评估的常规假设更强,并结合文章中通过模拟实验证明了火山碎屑流的实际破坏性可能比科学家以前认为的更严重可知,C项适合作文章的标题。故选C。
B
Walking into Lang Jiaziyu’s workshop in Beijing,one can see lively dough figurines (面人) and certificates of honour neatly placed on the workbench.However,one can never expect that this third-generation inheritor (继承人) of the national-level intangible heritage of dough figurine making is a young man born after 1995.
Lang developed a preference for the art at a young age,starting to learn the craft from his father when he was about four to five years old.Despite repeatedly practising the same skills,the boy never felt bored.Instead,he gained quite a great deal of pleasure from the craft.Under the influence of his father,Lang developed a sense of responsibility to carry forward the art when he was young.
Lang had previously considered dough figurines to be an old-fashioned craft,having also felt that the raw materials used for the craft formed a limit on his creativity,stirring up doubts as to why he had chosen making dough figurines as a career from the beginning.However,when Lang visited an art exhibition as a university student,he was impressed by how one artisan there had made bread into various shapes,and then dried them to generate cracks on their outer surfaces to present a unique aesthetic (美学的) form.
“Then,I came to realise that instead of complaining about the raw materials,I should pay more attention to improving my skills so that I could turn the ‘disadvantages’ of the dough into something that I could make full use of to make my works more expressive,” Lang said.
The young man has also turned to new media to promote the art of dough modelling.For Lang,making dough figurines is a process of self-expression,and it gives him great pleasure to just be himself.“This is what I’m good at and attracted to,and I’m delighted to see a trend towards the revitalisation (复兴) of traditional Chinese culture nowadays.”
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了非物质文化遗产传承人——郎佳子彧对面人制作的热爱和追求及其传承文化的责任和担当。
(　　)5.What can we infer from Paragraph 1
[A]Lang’s dough figurines are highly thought of.
[B]Lang is a dough figurine businessman.
[C]Lang makes a living by making dough figurines.
[D]Lang is in his early thirties.
A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,郎佳子彧将其所获得的荣誉证书整齐地摆放于工作台上,由此可推知,他制作的面人受到高度赞誉。故选A。
(　　)6.How did Lang feel about dough figurine making
[A]He felt tired of practising the same skills.
[B]He got great pressure from it.
[C]He thought it was his father’s duty to carry it forward.
[D]He never got bored with it and gained a sense of responsibility.
D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Despite repeatedly practising the same skills...carry forward the art when he was young.”可知,制作面人为郎佳子彧带来快乐,他从未感到厌烦,并且在他父亲的影响下,使他产生了责任感。故选D。
(　　)7.What inspired Lang for more expressive dough figurine works
[A]His responsibility for Chinese culture.
[B]Another artisan’s bread presentation.
[C]His pursuit for a unique aesthetic form.
[D]His desire to make his works more expressive.
B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“However,when Lang visited an art exhibition...cracks on their outer surfaces to present a unique aesthetic (美学的) form.”以及第四段内容可知,在郎佳子彧上大学时,他去参观了一次艺术展,对另一位工匠所展示的面包作品印象深刻,后来就开始研究如何让自己的作品更为优秀。由此可知,是另一位工匠的面包作品激发了郎佳子彧去创作更加富有表现力的作品。故选B。
(　　)8.What is a suitable title for the text
[A]Lively Dough Figurine
[B]Revitalisation of Traditional Chinese Culture
[C]The Trend of the Dough Figurine Making
[D]It Feels Cool to Be a Dough Figurine Artisan
D
【解析】 标题归纳题。综观全文,本文主要讲述了非物质文化遗产传承人——郎佳子彧对面人制作的热爱与追求。制作面人的过程不仅是表达自我的过程,而且带给他极大的乐趣,D项能很好地概括全文,适合作文章标题。故选D。
Ⅱ.读后续写(25分)
　　 阅读下面的材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段话,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My heart sank when I received the news—no salary again.How would I manage the increasing bills,the groceries and my children’s needs The future seemed hopeless.With a heavy heart,I hurried to pick up my two children,my mind racing wildly.
That’s when I saw it — a wallet,lying on the sidewalk.It was as if fate had thrown me a lifeline (救生索).Hope came to me as I approached it.The wallet was large,and when I opened it,my eyes widened in disbelief at the sight of a large amount of cash inside it.I hesitated for a moment,torn between the immediate relief that this money promised and the morality of keeping it.
Curiosity led me to search through the wallet.The things it contained were a photo and a couple of business cards.No matter how much I wanted to take the contents,my moral principles and inner voice told me not to do this.The decision became clear:I couldn’t keep this money.It wasn’t rightfully mine.
I picked out a business card.The name and number were there.With a deep breath,I dialed the number and explained my find to the voice on the other end.The voice came,completely emotionless,warning that they would come to me.He hung up without even saying “thank you”.I was angry with the impoliteness.I even regretted my decision,but my conscience (良知) did not allow me to go back on my choice.I had told the voice where I lived and went to get my children.
Shortly after we arrived home,a large black car suddenly pulled up to our house.The driver got out and knocked on the door.When I opened it,the driver told me that the owner of the wallet wanted me to personally hand over his wallet.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
I didn’t want to do so,but I agreed to go with the driver at last.
Paragraph 2:
He wanted to reward me for my honesty and kind act.
[情节构建]
情节线 情感线
速读文章定要素 Who I,the owner of the wallet
When Over the course of a day
Where On the sidewalk and in my home
What I found a wallet with cash,struggled with keeping it or returning it,and eventually decided to return it.
绝望
难以置信
犹豫、挣扎
生气、后悔
紧张、惊讶
感激、宽慰
明确冲突定主题 Conflict & Clue Conflict:A moral dilemma between my financial need and the right thing to do Clue:①How would I manage the increasing bills,the groceries and my children’s needs ②The things it contained were a photo and a couple of business cards.③The decision became clear:I couldn’t keep this money.
Theme Honesty,morality,and the struggle between personal gain and doing the right thing
绝望
难以置信
犹豫、挣扎
生气、后悔
紧张、惊讶
感激、宽慰
预设问题定 走向 Para.1 I didn’t want to do so,but I agreed to go with the driver at last. Q1:Where did the driver take me to Q2:Who did I meet at the destination Q3:What did the man I met do and say to me
Para.2 He wanted to reward me for my honesty and kind act. Q1:What was the reward Q2:Did I accept or refuse the offer Q3:What lesson did I learn from the story
绝望
难以置信
犹豫、挣扎
生气、后悔
紧张、惊讶
感激、宽慰(共45张PPT)
Unit 2　话题提升训练1
(分值:45分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共12题;每题2.5分,共30分)
A
Jason and his father were going to the grocery store by car to pick up some apples.It was an unusual day.The sky was dark but there were few clouds.As they drove down the street, there started to be a rumbling (隆隆声的) sound heard across the ground.
Jason’s father immediately realised that a tornado (龙卷风) was coming.He stopped the car and told Jason to get out of the car and made their way to the closest building.By this time the wind was blowing harder, and it was hard to see or hear.Debris (碎片) was falling all over the place.Jason couldn’t see his dad anymore.He also realised that he wasn’t getting to the building fast enough.He was afraid that he would be picked up by the wind and thrown into the air.
As he made his way towards the building, he noticed a field to his right.He could see an irrigation ditch (灌溉渠).In a panic, he scrambled
(爬) to the ditch and lay flat on the ground.More debris and objects flew overhead.
His heart was beating hard, and he was nervous.He had never been in a tornado before.After a while, the winds died down and the loud roaring sound was gone.Jason slowly lifted his head and nervously looked around.What he saw was a great mess.Jason could hardly recognise the buildings in front of him because of all the damage.
He stood up with shaky legs and walked to the building.Once there, he pushed the door open and went inside.It was a public building owned by the city.It was empty, but Jason could hear noises further inside.He walked into the large room and saw his dad.He ran across the room and gave him a big hug.
“Jason! How are you I’ve been worried about you!” said his father.“I couldn’t find you anywhere!”
Jason breathed a sigh of relief and sat down.He did have a story to tell!
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了杰森和父亲平安地躲过一场龙卷风的故事。
(　　)1.What is the function of Paragraph 1
[A]It tells the main idea of the story.
[B]It presents the author’s viewpoint.
[C]It offers the background of the story.
[D]It shows the personalities of the main characters.
C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,杰森和他的父亲开车去杂货店买一些苹果,而当时天空很黑,当他们沿着街道行驶时,地面上开始传来隆隆声,因此本段主要介绍了故事发生的背景。故选C。
(　　)2.Which of the following can best show the tornado was powerful
[A]Jason tried to find his father.
[B]The sky was dark but there were few clouds.
[C]Looking around, Jason found everything in a mess.
[D]Jason’s father stopped the car.
C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“What he saw was a great mess.”可知,龙卷风威力强大。选项C与题意相符,故选C。
(　　)3.Which of the following is the right order according to the passage
a.Jason nervously looked around from the irrigation ditch.
b.Jason ran across the room and gave his father a big hug.
c.The winds died down and the loud roaring sound was gone.
d.Jason found it hard to get to the nearest building fast enough.
e.Jason and his father were going to the grocery store to pick up some apples.
[A]ecdab [B]edcab
[C]dabce [D]dacbe
B
【解析】 细节理解题。第一段中的“Jason and his father were going to the grocery store...there were few clouds.”和第二段中的“By this time the wind was blowing harder...getting to the building fast enough.”说明了杰森和父亲前往杂货店买苹果时遭遇龙卷风,并且龙卷风太猛烈,杰森感觉自己很难抵达距离最近的大楼,对应e和d;第四段中的“After a while, the winds died down and the loud roaring sound was gone.”说明龙卷风结束了,对应c;第四段中的“Jason slowly lifted his head and nervously looked around.”发生在龙卷风结束后,对应a;倒数第三段最后一句“He ran across the room and gave him a big hug.”表明经过寻找,杰森找到了他的父亲,对应b。以上细节讲述了事情发展的顺序,选项B符合题意。故选B。
(　　)4.What story might Jason tell to his father
[A]It was a narrow escape.
[B]It was a memorable adventure.
[C]It was a rewarding lesson.
[D]It was an exciting journey.
A
【解析】 推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章讲述了杰森和他的父亲躲过一场突如其来的龙卷风的故事,杰森平躺在一处灌溉渠里躲过了灾难;与此同时,父亲在一所损毁的公共建筑里躲过了龙卷风。经过寻找,杰森最终和父亲团聚。根据最后一段中的“He did have a story to tell!”可推知,这里杰森要讲给父亲的故事应是他如何在龙卷风中死里逃生。故选A。
B
What is the greatest threat to mankind Maybe different people come up with different answers.However,the only threat to humankind,apart from humankind itself,is,without any doubt,the nature.Natural disasters are the results of natural environmental processes that have a damaging effect on people.Natural disasters can come in many forms,such as geological events like earthquakes,tsunamis or mud-rock flows,climatic events like storms,hurricanes or tornadoes and fire events like forest fires and wildfires.
The damage done by natural disasters is mainly as a result of our inability to predict exactly when they will happen.Although great progress has been made in designing and developing forecasting models for some natural disasters,complete certainty is still impossible.Even to be pessimistic,there is a possibility that human beings will never achieve accurate prediction of the happening of all natural disasters.
What’s more,even though we are able to predict these disasters from nature,preventing them is equally impossible.So we only have two ways to both prevent injuries or deaths and reduce economic losses to the least extent.These two methods are to prepare before a natural disaster comes to hit,and to manage the necessary resources and public services after a natural disaster strikes.
These two things have always been at the leading position of the projects of both national governments and international organisations.In the United States,the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) is responsible for the “preparedness,response and recovery planning” of both man-made and natural disasters.
Most natural disasters cannot be prevented,and both emergency preparation and good disaster management are the best ways to deal with them.Although natural events may appear to serve no purpose but simply to punish and destroy,natural disasters,a perfect symbol of the great power of the nature,are a display of our planet’s evolution and its state of change.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了自然灾害是人类最大的威胁,人类面对自然灾害最佳的处理办法就是做好应急准备和良好的灾害管理。
(　　)5.Which can’t be regarded as a similarity between tornadoes and earthquakes
[A]They can not be prevented.
[B]They are both geological events.
[C]They cause damage to people.
[D]They are both the results of natural environmental processes.
B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,龙卷风和地震属于不同的灾害类型,所以它们都是地质事件不能作为它们的相似之处。故选B。
(　　)6.What is the main reason why natural disasters cause so much damage
[A]It is very difficult to predict when exactly they will happen.
[B]Our forecasting equipment is too old for many natural disasters.
[C]We don’t do enough preparation before natural disasters strike.
[D]We don’t have the necessary public services to use after natural disasters strike.
A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知,自然灾害造成如此大的破坏的主要原因是很难准确预测它们何时会发生。故选A。
(　　)7.What can be concluded from the passage
[A]Natural disasters can not be predicted at all.
[B]Human beings are pessimistic to the future.
[C]Being well-prepared can avoid economic losses.
[D]Emergency preparation and good disaster management are advisable.
D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知,人类在面对自然灾害时做好应急准备和良好的灾害管理是明智的。故选D。
(　　)8.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
[A]A Symbol of the Power of Nature
[B]The Greatest Threat to Mankind
[C]Natural Disasters and Mankind
[D]Reduce Losses to the Least Extent
C
【解析】 标题归纳题。文章第一段主要讲述了人类面临的自然灾害的种类;第二段主要讲述了自然灾害造成如此大的破坏的原因;第三、四、五段主要讲述了人类对付这些灾害的两种最佳办法。由此可知,C项“自然灾害和人类”最适合作文章标题。故选C。
C
On Friday,January 14,2022,blast was heard 2,000 kilometres away in New Zealand and 3,300 kilometres away in Australia.Boats crashed into a quiet harbour in Southern California,a remote island was battered by huge waves and two women were swept to their deaths on a beach in Peru.An undersea volcanic eruption was so powerful that it brought about the tsunami which stirred ocean waters halfway across the globe.
But on Sunday,as reports of the volcano’s effects crowded in from far-flung countries,there was little word from Tonga,the island nation just 40 miles from the site of the extraordinary explosion.As concerns from all over the world grew,the nation of about 100,000 people remained largely cut off from the rest of the world with its undersea Internet cables knocked out of commission by the volcano.
In Tonga on Sunday,many residents lost not only communication channels but electric power.Up to 80,000 people there could be affected.
New Zealand and other nations in the region pledged to give Tonga aid to recover.But with heavy concentrations of airborne ash making flights impossible,just like the Iceland volcano eruption in 2021,it was difficult even to know what was needed.Flights over Tonga were planned,depending on ash conditions.
Tonga has experienced a succession of natural disasters in recent years.In 2018,more than 170 homes were destroyed and two people were killed by Cyclone Gita,a Category 5 tropical storm.In 2020,Cyclone Harold caused about $111 million in damage.
【语篇导读】 本文是新闻报道。文章主要报道了汤加受到海底火山喷发的影响而与世界其他地区基本隔绝。
(　　)9.How much area of the seawater did the volcano stir
[A]20%.
[B]30%.
[C]50%.
[D]70%.
C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,海底火山爆发的威力如此之大,以至于它引发的海啸搅动了半个地球的海水,由此可知,火山爆发搅动了50%的海水。故选C。
(　　)10.Which phrase can replace the underlined words “out of commission”
[A]Out of action.
[B]Out of range.
[C]Out of existence.
[D]Out of account.
A
【解析】 猜测短语题。根据画线短语所在句可知,这个约有10万人口的国家在很大程度上仍然与世界其他地区隔绝;并根据画线短语下文“by the volcano”可推知,此处指这个国家因火山爆发与世界其他地区基本隔绝了,其海底的互联网电缆因火山爆发而停止工作,因此画线短语“out of commission”的意思是“不能使用,无法运转”,A项“out of action (不能工作,无法运转)”与画线短语意思相近。故选A。
(　　)11.What can be inferred from the passage
[A]The Iceland volcano eruption in 2021 made nearby flights delayed.
[B]New Zealand as well as other nations in the region gave Tonga aid timely.
[C]Flights could reach Tonga two days after the eruption.
[D]The undersea volcanic eruption caused severer damage to Tonga than ever before.
A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句可知,由于空气中高浓度的火山灰导致航班停飞,就像2021年冰岛火山爆发一样,甚至很难知道他们需要什么,由此可推知,2021年冰岛火山爆发导致了附近航班的延误。故选A。
(　　)12.What section of a newspaper may this passage be taken from
[A]Home news.
[B]Business news.
[C]Travel news.
[D]International news.
D
【解析】 推理判断题。通读全文,并根据文章第一段第一句描述时间和事件的叙述特点可猜测,这极有可能是一则新闻报道。结合后文提到新西兰和其他国家承诺向汤加提供援助可推知,报道范围是国际层面的,所以最有可能摘自报纸的国际新闻版面。故选D。
Ⅱ.应用文写作(15分)
假设你是李华,得知你的笔友Mike的家乡最近发生了大地震,损失惨重。请你用英语给他写一封慰问信,内容包括:
1.你所了解的灾情;
2.你的担忧;
3.你的帮助。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
[写作指导]
第一步:审题谋篇
体裁:应用文
时态:以一般现在时为主
内容:1.你所了解的灾情;2.你的担忧;3.你的帮助。
第二步:列提纲 (重点词组):be worried about;collect donations;get over the difficulty等。
第三步:连词成句
1.I am sorry to hear that a horrible earthquake happened in your hometown.
2.I’m really worried about you, your family and all your friends there.
3.I’ve collected some donations from my classmates.
4.It may help you get over the difficulty.
第四步:连句成篇(衔接词)
表递进关系: besides;moreover;furthermore
高分句型
1.I am sorry to hear that a horrible earthquake happened in your hometown.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
2.I can imagine how difficult this moment must be for you.(运用了how引导的宾语从句)
3.I’ve collected some donations from my classmates, which, to some extent, may help you get over the difficulty.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
　　One possible version:
Dear Mike,
How are you doing I am sorry to hear that a horrible earthquake happened in your hometown.I can imagine how difficult this moment must be for you.Besides, I’m really worried about you, your family and all your friends there.I hope you are all safe.
I’ve collected some donations from my classmates, which, to some extent, may help you get over the difficulty.
Best wishes to you all!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua(共13张PPT)
Unit 2　读后续写专题练
(分值:25分)
　　When I was a little girl,I knew that I had a gift for music.Playing was my love.While most kids were outside in the burning summer sun,playing childish games,I was happy to sit in the cool indoors for hours practising my beloved piano.When I played,I felt like I was in a whole new world where I was free and easy.All I had to worry about was my music.Playing was never boring for me.
I had spent months practising and the big day finally came.It was the day of the Alberta Music Competition.The music hall was packed with the excited audience.I sat in the first row with my mother seated beside me.As the fellow competitors were playing,I couldn’t keep my mind on their music.I was just memorising the notes and practising the fingerings.I had known my music was like the back of my hand.But this time,to my great surprise,I found my fingers completely out of my control.They kept shaking.I nearly burst into tears.Seeing this,my mother held my hands tightly in hers.She even breathed into them as if she wanted to warm them up.Then she whispered to my ear,“Sweetie,take it easy.Just listen and enjoy the music.”
I looked up and turned my attention to the competitor in the centre of the stage for the first time.A thin and tall boy was sitting at the beautiful red piano.He looked calm and confident.His fingertips danced on the keyboard.
The soft and gentle sound of the piano flew in the air.For a moment,I totally forgot my nervousness.
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
Then I was announced to play next and I felt anxious again.
Paragraph 2:
Suddenly my fingers slipped (滑) and I hit a wrong note.
[情节构建]
情节线 情感线
速读文章定要素 Who I, my mother
When On the day of the Alberta Music Competition
Where In the music hall
What I was taking part in the Alberta Music Competition and I felt very nervous.
紧张
平静
紧张、焦虑
镇静
明确冲突定主题 Conflict & Clue Conflict: I was nervous and I nearly burst into tears. Clue: My mother whispered to my ear, “Sweetie, take it easy. Just listen and enjoy the music.”
Theme Learning to enjoy music was more important than the competition itself.
紧张
平静
紧张、焦虑
镇静
预设问题定走向 Para.1 Then I was announced to play next and I felt anxious again. Q1:What did my mother do and say Q2:How did I feel Q3:What did I do next
Para.2 Suddenly my fingers slipped (滑) and I hit a wrong note. Q1:What was the reaction of the audience Q2:What did I do Q3:How did I feel after the playing
紧张
平静
紧张、焦虑
镇静(共91张PPT)
Integrated skills,Extended reading,
Project,Assessment,Further study
Part 2
自主预习·课前清障
基础识记
1. 　　　　 n.洪水,水灾;大量
vi.& vt.淹没,泛滥;大量涌入;充满
2. adv.在楼下,往楼下
n.楼下
3. adv.否则,不然;除此以外
4. vt.使出土,挖掘,发掘;发现,找到
5. n.目的地,终点
写作词汇
flood
downstairs
otherwise
unearth
destination
6. n.黎明,破晓;开端,萌芽
vi.开始;开始清楚
7. adv.在(或向)较远处,在另一边
prep.在(或向)更远处;超出;晚于;无法;超出……之外
dawn
beyond
1.document n.
2.honey n.
3.Roman adj.
n.
4.bar n.
vt.
阅读词汇
文件,公文;(计算机中的)文档
(爱称)亲爱的;蜂蜜
古罗马的;罗马的
古罗马人;罗马人
酒吧;小馆子;吧台;条,块;栏杆;障碍
封;阻挡;阻止
5.import n.
vt.
6.export n.
vt.
7.port n.
8.cloud-capped adj.
进口产品,输入的产品;输入
进口,引进
出口产品,输出的产品;出口,输出
出口,输出
港口,避风港;港口城市
高耸入云的,耸入云霄的
9.ashy adj.
10.volcano n.
11.trunk n.
12.pattern n.
13.column n.
覆盖着灰的;灰色的
火山
树干
图案,花样;模式;范例;模型
柱,圆柱;柱状物;栏;专栏;队,列
拓展词汇
1. adj.好奇的;奇特的→curiously adv.好奇地;奇怪地→curiosity n.好奇心;求知欲
2. vi.& vt.(火山)爆发;突然发生→eruption n.突然发生;(火山)爆发
3. adj.难耐的,无法忍受的→(反义词)bearable adj.可忍受的→
bear vt.承受;忍受 n.熊
4. n.遥远,久远;距离;差异;疏远→distant adj.遥远的;疏远的;冷淡的
curious
erupt
unbearable
distance
5. n.& vt.救援,营救,抢救→rescuer n.救助者;救援人员
6. adj.灵敏的;锋利的;急剧的;明显的;尖锐的;强烈的→sharpen vt.& vi.(使)变得锋利;使尖锐→sharply adv.猛烈地;急剧地;大幅度地
7. vt.找出……的准确位置;把……安置在(或建造于)→location n.地方;地点;位置
8. vi.& vt.退休,退职→retirement n.退休→retired adj.退休的
rescue
sharp
locate
retire
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1.along with　　　　　　
2.in all directions
3.above all
4.roll away
5.take the form of
和……一起
朝着各个方向,四面八方
尤其是;首先
滚动离开,翻滚离开
呈现……的形状;采取……的形式
6.break out
7.in the distance
8.far and wide
9.be separated from
10.remind sb that...
突然开始,爆发
在远处,在远方
到处,各处
与……分离
提醒某人……
重点句型
1.Trading ships ,
along with golden pleasure boats for the rich,were crowded together in the glassy water of the port.(现在分词短语作后置定语)
进口货物到城内、出口货物到海外的商船,以及富贵人家金灿灿的游船,齐聚在港口波光粼粼的水面上。
bringing imports to the city or carrying exports overseas
2.Its ashy rocks,now dark,now light,told a story of past eruptions that might have warned the city !(what引导宾语从句)
火山岩忽明忽暗,讲述着过去火山几度喷发的故事,这本来可以警告这座城市里的人们,灾难即将降临!
what was to come
3.Its walls were fresh ; not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its floors.(as if引导方式状语从句)
它的墙壁依然新得像昨天刚刚刷完;地板上繁复的图案,一点都没有褪色。
as if painted yesterday
学习理解·语篇解构
语篇导读·先行把握
▲
1.主题语境:人与自然——自然灾害与防范。
2.语篇类型:小说节选。
3.课文内容分析:
本文的语篇节选改编自爱德华·布尔沃—利顿的小说《庞贝城的末日》。小说描述了维苏威火山爆发前庞贝这座城市的繁荣景象、火山爆发时的巨大破坏力,以及人们在面对突如其来的灾害时的反应。本文是基于对自然灾害常识知识的学习后,提供给学生们的一个文学选段赏析任务,作品中大量对于灾害场面、人的心态的细腻描写可以让学生体会到自然灾害给人类带来的巨大伤害,理解人类在自然灾害巨大的破坏力面前是多么渺小和无助,从而对自然产生敬畏心理。
多维解读·浅析结构
▲
the whole Roman Empire
volcano
river
earthquake
survive
精研细读·深层理解
▲
(　　)1.Which of the following is the right order of the volcanic eruption
a.The fire moved and changed in colour with every moment.
b.The mountain-cloud rolled near,dark and rapid,like a river.
c.A huge cloud shot from the peak of the volcano,looking like a huge tree of fire.
d.The earth began to shake and the sound of falling roofs could be heard.
e.The earthquake came.
[A]a—c—b—e—d [B]c—a—d—b—e
[C]a—b—d—e—c [D]b—a—e—c—d
B
(　　)2.What can we learn from the first paragraph
[A]There used to be few shops in Pompeii.
[B]The people in Pompeii used to live poorly.
[C]Pompeii was a busy city before it was ruined.
[D]Some boats were destroyed in the accident.
C
(　　)3.How did people feel when they saw the eruption of Mount Vesuvius
[A]Frightened. [B]Calm.
[C]Excited. [D]Curious.
A
(　　)4.What was Pompeii like after the disaster
[A]People lived normally as before.
[B]People moved to another place to live.
[C]The city was buried and people died.
[D]It was rebuilt and was more beautiful than before.
C
(　　)5.Which word can replace the phrase “rolled away” in the last paragraph
[A]Fled. [B]Dropped.
[C]Slid. [D]Passed.
D
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
1.curious adj.好奇的;奇特的
·curiously adv.好奇地;奇怪地
·curiosity n.好奇心;求知欲
[教材原句] She was curious to see how much water there was outside.
她很好奇外面有多少水。
例　(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)As an artist who shares her journey on social media,I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey.
作为一名在社交媒体上分享艺术之旅的艺术家,我经常被好奇的粉丝问及如何开始一段艺术之旅。
例　Children are always curious about the world around them.
孩子们总是对周围的世界感到好奇。
be curious about...对……感到好奇
归纳拓展
·be curious about...对……感到好奇
be curious to do sth渴望做某事
·out of curiosity 出于好奇
with curiosity(=curiously) 好奇地
meet/satisfy sb’s curiosity 满足某人的好奇心
[语境运用] 句子语法填空/完成句子
She was curious 　　　　(learn) about the new exhibit at the museum.
Out of 　　　　(curious),he asked his grandfather about life in the past.
The children watched the magician’s performance 　　　　 curiosity.
(应用文写作之邀请信)如果你对中医的奥秘感到好奇,你一定不要错过这场专业讲座!
If you 　　　　　　　　　　　 the secrets of traditional Chinese medicine,you mustn’t miss this professional lecture!
to learn
curiosity
with
are curious about
语
境
串
词
The kids were curious about the old box in the attic.Out of curiosity,they were curious to open it.Their eyes sparkled with curiosity as they discovered old photos and letters inside.
孩子们对阁楼上的那个旧盒子感到好奇。出于好奇,他们渴望打开它。当在里面发现旧照片和信件时,他们的眼睛里闪烁着好奇的光芒。
2.distance n.遥远,久远;距离;差异;疏远
·distant adj.遥远的;疏远的;冷淡的
[教材原句] At that moment,they felt the earth shaking beneath their feet; beyond in the distance,they heard the crash of falling roofs.
那一刻,他们感到大地在脚下晃动;他们听到远处屋顶坍塌的巨响。
例　We saw a beautiful rainbow in the distance.
我们看到远处有一道美丽的彩虹。
例　The relationship between them has become distant over time.
随着时间的推移,他们之间的关系变得疏远了。
in the distance 在远处,在远方
归纳拓展
·in the distance 在远处,在远方
at/from a distance从远处;隔一段距离
at a distance of 在……远的地方
keep...at a distance=keep one’s distance from...与……保持
距离;疏远……
within walking distance在步行可达的距离内
·be distant from 与……相距较远;与……疏远/冷淡
be distant towards sb对某人冷淡
[语境运用] 句子语法填空
He noticed a figure standing 　　　　 the distance,staring at the horizon.
　　　　 a distance,the city’s lights glittered like stars in the night sky.
Our house is 　　　 　(distance) from the town,so we have a quiet environment.
Despite their close relationship,she was distant 　　　　 her sister after their argument.
in
At/From
distant
towards
3.rescue n.& vt.救援,营救,抢救
·rescuer n.救助者;救援人员
[教材原句] Due to the effort of well-trained search and rescue dogs,
thousands of human lives are saved every year.
由于经过良好训练的搜救犬的努力,每年都有数千人的生命得以挽救。
例　The firefighters rescued the children from the burning building.
消防队员从着火的大楼里救出了孩子们。
例　The rescue team arrived at the scene quickly.
救援队迅速到达了现场。
rescue sb/sth from...从……中营救某人/某物
归纳拓展
·rescue sb/sth from...从……中营救某人/某物
·come/go to one’s rescue 来/去营救某人
make a rescue实施救援行动
[语境运用] 完成句子
警察来营救他,把他从河里拉了出来。
The police 　　　　　　　　　　 and pulled him out of the river.
(应用文写作之倡议书)我们应该拯救珍稀物种使其免于灭绝。
We should 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 extinction.
came to his rescue
rescue the rare species from
重点句式
as if/though引导方式状语从句
▲
[教材原句] Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday; not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its floors.
它的墙壁依然新得像昨天刚刚刷完;地板上繁复的图案,一点都没有褪色。
例　(读后续写之场景描写)The atmosphere in the room was so tense that it felt as if a storm was about to break out.
房间里的气氛非常紧张,感觉好像一场暴风雨即将爆发。
例　(读后续写之情感描写)She held the letter tightly as if it were the most precious treasure in the world to her.
她紧紧握着那封信,仿佛它是她在这世上最珍贵的宝贝。
归纳 拓展
·as if/though意为“似乎;好像;仿佛”,引导表语从句时,常放在be,look,seem,sound,smell,feel等系动词之后;引导状语从句时常用省略形式,后面可直接跟名词、不定式、形容词、副词、介词短语或分词。
·如果所引导的从句表示真实的或极有可能发生的情况,从句用陈述语气。当从句表示一种假设的情况时,从句谓语动词通常用虚拟语气,结构如下:
与现在事实相反,从句谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词用were);
与过去事实相反,从句谓语动词用过去完成时(had done);
与将来事实相反,从句谓语动词用would/could/might/should do。
[语境运用] 完成句子/翻译句子
There are many clouds in the sky.It looks as if
(要下雨).
They behaved as if 　　　　 　　　　　　 (什么事都没发生).
When a pencil is partly put into water,it looks
(好像折断了一样).
it is going to rain
nothing had happened
as if it were broken
The little kid is talking proudly as if
　　　　　　　　　　　　　(明天他会成为这个国家的英雄).
你表现得好像要说些重要的话。
he would be the hero of the
You acted as if you were to say something important.
country tomorrow
[教材原句] Long after fire and ash came for the people of Pompeii,the remains of their beautiful city survive to remind us that human lives burn bright and short.
长难句分析
尝试分析:这是一个主从复合句。 为after引导的时间状语从句,主句是“主谓”结构,其中 为动词不定式作目的状语, 为that引导的宾语从句。
自主翻译:在大火和火山灰吞噬庞贝城的人们很久很久之后,他们美丽城市的遗迹幸存下来,提醒我们人类的生命灿烂而短暂。
[语境运用] 情境写作
在海啸的巨浪袭击这个岛国很久之后,散落的残骸和受损的寺庙仍然在提醒我们,人类文明,无论多么先进,都会受到海洋力量的严峻考验。
Long the island nation,the scattered debris and damaged temples remain
human civilisation,no matter how advanced,can be severely tested by the power of the ocean.
after the tsunami’s huge waves came for
to remind us that
写作微专题2
Continuing a story about a flood
文本解读
1.文本类型:读后续写,属于记叙文范畴,续写一篇洪水期间发生的故事。
2.要点内容:(1)抓故事背景,即时间、地点、事件的起因等;(2)明确故事中的人物关系;(3)把握故事情节,推测故事发展方向。
[思路指引]
实用表达
The river rose rapidly,swallowing up the banks and flooding the surrounding areas.The water level seemed to be rising by the second.
The current was incredibly strong,carrying away everything in its path,from small cars to large trees.It was a powerful force that was hard to resist.
People were forced to evacuate their homes,carrying only a few essential items.Some were in a hurry,while others were heartbroken to leave their beloved houses.
The streets were filled with chaos,as cars tried to navigate through the flooded roads and people searched for safe places.There was a sense of urgency and fear in the air.
After the floodwater receded (消退),the damage was evident.Houses were left in ruins,with mud and debris covering everything.Fields that once grew crops were now barren and water-logged (积水的).
Residents and volunteers came together to clean up the mess.They used shovels (铁铲) to remove the mud and debris,and worked hard to restore their community.
Relief supplies,such as food,water,and clothing,were distributed to those in need.Charitable organisations and kind-hearted people from all over the country donated to help the affected areas.
The long process of rebuilding began.Construction workers started to repair and rebuild the damaged houses,giving hope to the survivors that they could soon return to a normal life.
佳作建构
根据教材中被洪水困住的一家人的故事和所给段落开头语展开合理的想象,为之续写两段话,使之构成一个合理的结局。
注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
　　Seeing Mary so scared,Dad began to tell a story to relieve her.
Paragraph 2:
　　Surprised and excited,Dad began to call his wife and daughter.
[情节构建]
情节线 情感线
速读文章定 要素 Who Mary,Mum,Dad
When On a stormy day
Where In their house
What The city Mary and her parents lived in was flooded.They were trapped at home,not sure what to do.
紧张
害怕
好奇
担忧
吃惊、激动
明确冲突定 主题 Conflict & Clue Conflict:In the face of the flood,Mary thought they should leave the house right away and drive their car through the floodwater.But her parents believed it was very dangerous to go out in the flood,because the city had already been flooded and the moving water could wash the car away. Clue:①Mary walked to the door.She was curious to see how much water there was outside.②The water may flood in!③Dad moved the dinner table against the door,in case the floodwater forced the door open.
Theme A family trapped by a terrible flood waited to be rescued.
紧张
害怕
好奇
担忧
吃惊、激动
预设问题定走向 Para.1 Seeing Mary so scared,Dad began to tell a story to relieve her. Q1:What did Mary’s parents do Q2:How did Mary feel and what did she do Q3:Why was Dad surprised and excited
Para.2 Surprised and excited,Dad began to call his wife and daughter. Q1:What did they do Q2:What happened in the end Q3:What were their reactions and feelings
紧张
害怕
好奇
担忧
吃惊、激动
写作练习
　　阅读下面的材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段话,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Aubrey,a mum of three,was breastfeeding(哺乳) her 10-month-old daughter in her Maui home last week when alarms started going off and she saw her entire neighbourhood was covered in black smoke.
Aubrey and her husband Alex rushed out of the home and into their car,escaping with their 10-month-old daughter as well as their 6-year-old twin daughters.They didn’t take any necessities.In fact,they had never thought the wildfires would ever get to where they lived.After all,they were very far.
While Aubrey and her family eventually made it to safety,a relative’s home,they later learnt their own home was burnt to the ground.
They were left with no possessions,so Alex had to go to the neighbourhood surrounding his relative’s home to search for supplies for his baby daughter Blue.He went door-to-door,asking if anyone had a baby and if there was a bottle or a diaper (尿布) and some extra milk.
One neighbour just had a baby so he gave Alex two bottles.And some neighbours gave Alex two diapers and some gave him three.Alex later said,“They are holding onto their own diapers too,which I understand.”
The disaster turned into a crisis for countless parents like Aubrey and Alex,who had to escape quickly and now needed basic supplies to keep their children alive and safe.
The wildfires claimed (夺去) the lives of over 100 people,while many more remained missing.Officials on Maui warned that their supplies were running out.
Aubrey and Alex decided to travel to another island,Oahu,where they could stay in the home of Alex’s brother’s.There,they had more access to supplies like diapers and milk.Then they managed to contact with volunteers and left in a lifeboat for Oahu.Thinking of those helpless people,they cried in pain.
注意:续写词数应为 150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
　　Now on Maui,situations were becoming worse.
Paragraph 2:
　　Together with other volunteers,Alex and his brother collected large quantities of supplies on Oahu.
[情节构建]
情节线 情感线
速读文章定要素 Who Aubrey,Alex and their three children (10-month-old daughter Blue,6-year-old twin daughters)
When During the wildfires
Where On Maui and on Oahu
What The wildfires forced Aubrey and her family to flee without necessities and their home was burnt down.Alex had to seek baby supplies from neighbours,but many parents like them faced a crisis.Aubrey and Alex decided to go to Oahu for more supplies and left by lifeboat.
惊慌
无奈
担心、悲伤
下定决心、希望
庆幸、宽慰
明确冲突定主题 Conflict & Clue Conflict:The disaster turned into a crisis for countless parents like Aubrey and Alex,who had to escape quickly and now needed basic supplies to keep their children alive and safe. Clue:①Officials on Maui warned that their supplies were running out.②Aubrey and Alex decided to travel to another island,Oahu,where they could stay in the home of Alex’s brother.There,they had more access to supplies like diapers and milk.
Theme The impact of wildfires on families,their difficulties,mutual help and efforts to survive
惊慌
无奈
担心、悲伤
下定决心、希望
庆幸、宽慰
预设问题定走向 Para.1 Now on Maui,situations were becoming worse. Q1:What made situations on Maui worse Q2:What did people on Maui lack Q3:Why was it more challenging for parents with children
Para.2 Together with other volunteers,Alex and his brother collected large quantities of supplies on Oahu. Q1:What did Alex and his brother do together with other volunteers Q2:What kind of supplies did Alex mainly collect Q3:How did the people in need on Maui get out of trouble
惊慌
无奈
担心、悲伤
下定决心、希望
庆幸、宽慰
读后续写微技能之“点—线—面”
[教材语料库]
读后 续写微技能 之“点” 情感 描写 frightened adj.受惊的;害怕的　relief n.宽慰,轻松　shock n.震惊,惊愕　afraid adj.害怕的;担心的　nervous adj.神经紧张的;担忧的　scared adj.害怕的　curious adj.好奇的;奇特的　calm adj.镇静的;沉着的　worried adj.担心的,发愁的
动作 描写 injure vt.伤害,使受伤;损害　crash vi.& vt.碰撞,撞击;崩溃　signal vi.& vt.发信号,示意;标志　confirm vt.证实,确认;使确信;批准　hug vt.拥抱,搂抱;抱紧　inform vt.了解,熟悉;通知　supply vt.供应,供给,提供　rescue vt.救援,营救,抢救　occur to被想到,浮现在脑中　keep one’s head (在困境中)保持冷静　run out of 用完,耗尽　break out 突然开始,爆发
环境 描写 disaster n.灾难,灾害　tsunami n.海啸　typhoon n.台风　hurricane n.飓风downstairs adv.在楼下,往楼下 n.楼下　destination n.目的地,终点　port n.港口,避风港　ashy adj.覆盖着灰的;灰色的
读后续写 微技能 之“线” There were loud crashes of glass breaking and things falling to the ground,but the students remained still and waited calmly and quietly.
(环境/动作描写)
After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound,they relaxed,
laughing,crying and hugging each other.(动作描写)
Sabrina was frightened,but she soon kept her head.(情感描写)
The wind roared and the rain beat on the roof and windows.(环境描写)
Without saying a single word,Dad walked to the sofa,sat down and hugged his wife and daughter.(动作链描写)
读后续写 微技能之“面” 读后续写——海啸爆发
一场海啸突然爆发。海浪猛烈地冲击着海岸。人们惊恐万分,惊慌失措地往楼下跑。杰克很紧张,但努力保持冷静。他知道必须想办法求生。他突然想到他可以迅速撤离并寻找避难场所。当救援队赶到时,一种如释重负的感觉涌上心头,他忍不住紧紧地拥抱救援人员。
A tsunami suddenly 1.　　　　　　.The waves were crashing against the shore with great force.People,2.　　　 　　　　　　,
ran downstairs in a panic.Jack was nervous but tried to 3.
　　　　.He knew he had to find a way to survive.4.
　　　　　　 he could evacuate quickly and find shelter.When the rescue team arrived,5.　　　　　　　　　 flooded over him,and he couldn’t help but hug the rescuers tightly.
broke out
frightened and scared
keep his
head
It occurred
to him that
a sense of relief
重点知识回顾
Ⅰ.拓展词汇
1.injure vt.伤害,使受伤;损害→ n.伤害;损伤→ adj.受伤的
2.disaster n.灾难,灾害;彻底失败→ adj.灾难性的;损失惨重的
3.reaction n.反应,回应;抗拒;化学反应→ vi.起反应;(对……)作出反应;回应;起化学反应
4.confirm vt.证实,确认;使确信;批准→ n.证实,证明
injury
injured
disastrous
react
confirmation
5.occur vi.发生,出现;存在于→ n.发生的事情;发生,出现
6.relief n.宽慰,轻松;减轻,消除;救济→ vt.减轻;缓解;解除
7.destructive adj.引起破坏(或毁灭)的,破坏(或毁灭)性的→
adv.毁灭性地→ n.破坏;毁灭→ v.破坏;毁灭
8.inform vt.了解,熟悉;通知→ n.信息→ adj.了解情况的;明智的,有见识的
occurrence
relieve
destructively
destruction
destroy
information
informed
9.shock n.震惊,惊愕;剧烈震动 vt.使震惊→ adj.非常糟糕的;令人震惊的→ adj.震惊的
10.scare vt.& vi.惊吓,害怕 n.恐慌;惊吓→ adj.害怕的→ adj.恐怖的,可怕的
11.power n.电,电力;权力;政权;控制力;能力;能量;力量→ adj.有影响力的→ adj.无权的;无能为力的
12.donate vt.捐赠,赠送;献(血)→ n.捐赠物;捐赠→ n.捐赠者
shocking
shocked
scared
scary
powerful
powerless
donation
donor
13.curious adj.好奇的;奇特的→ adv.好奇地;奇怪地→
n.好奇心;求知欲
14.erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发;突然发生→ n.突然发生;(火山)爆发
15.unbearable adj.难耐的,无法忍受的→(反义词) adj.可忍受的→ vt.承受;忍受 n.熊
16.distance n.遥远,久远;距离;差异;疏远→ adj.遥远的;疏远的;冷淡的
17.rescue n.& vt.救援,营救,抢救→ n.救助者;救援人员
curiously
curiosity
eruption
bearable
bear
distant
rescuer
18.sharp adj.灵敏的;锋利的;急剧的;明显的;尖锐的;强烈的→ vt.& vi.(使)变得锋利;使尖锐→ adv.猛烈地;急剧地;大幅度地
19.locate vt.找出……的准确位置;把……安置在(或建造于)→ n.地方;地点;位置
20.retire vi.& vt.退休,退职→ n.退休→ adj.退休的
sharpen
sharply
location
retirement
retired
Ⅱ.重点词块
1. 　　　　　　　 整个,全部
2. 紧紧抓住,不放开
3. 以防;万一;假使
4. 逃生
5. 示意某人做某事
6. 安然无恙的
at large
hold on to
in case
make one’s escape
signal to sb to do sth
safe and sound
7. 被想到,浮现在脑中
8. (在困境中)保持冷静
9. 提醒某人当心……
10. 使某人宽慰的是
11. 用完,耗尽
12. 呈现……的形状;采取……的形式
occur to
keep one’s head
warn sb of...
to one’s relief
run out of
take the form of
13. 突然开始,爆发
14. 在远处,在远方
15. 到处,各处
16. 与……分离
17. 提醒某人……
break out
in the distance
far and wide
be separated from
remind sb that...
Ⅲ.重点句型
1.be doing...when...句型
Alice Brown,head teacher at Falmont Primary School,
.(弗尔蒙特小学校长艾丽斯·布朗当时正在授课,突然地面开始晃动。)
句式仿写
(孩子们正在院子里玩耍,这时开始下大雨了).
was teaching when
the floor began to shake
The kids were playing in the yard when it started to rain heavily
2.in case引导目的状语从句
At the same time,Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door,
(以防门在震动中损坏打不开).
句式仿写
We should store some emergency food and water
(以防飓风来袭).
in case it
became damaged during the shaking and could not open
in case a hurricane hits/
strikes
3.the moment引导时间状语从句
(晃动一停止),Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.
句式仿写
,the strong wind blew down many trees.(台风一袭击这座沿海城市,强风就刮倒了许多树木。)
The moment the shaking stopped
The moment the typhoon hit the coastal city
4.过去分词短语作后置定语
NEWDALE—On 20 December,a series of huge waves
(由海底地震引起的) raced across the ocean near Goldshore and left thousands dead.
句式仿写
(被困在废墟下的幸存者) were finally rescued by the firefighters.
caused by an
undersea earthquake
The survivors trapped under the ruins
5.现在分词短语作后置定语
Trading ships
(进口货物到城内、出口货物到海外的),along with golden pleasure boats for the rich,were crowded together in the glassy water of the port.
句式仿写
(从大楼里跑出来的人们) when the earthquake happened were in a panic.
bringing imports to the city or carrying exports overseas
The people running out of the building
6.as if引导方式状语从句
Its walls were fresh (像昨天刚刚刷完); not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its floors.
句式仿写
The old man sat there,staring into the distance
(仿佛在回忆他的过去).
as if painted yesterday
as if he were recalling his
past

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