资源简介

(共42张PPT)
第一部分 教材梳理篇
UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
主题语境　自然灾害
内容索引
NEIRONGSUOYIN
Part 1　核心考点突破
Part 2　基础知识达标
Part 3　写作能力培优
Part 1　核心考点突破
1.affect vt.影响(influence)；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→__________ n.喜爱→_________ n.影响；结果；效果
(1)be affected by受……的影响；被……感动
be affected with感染……疾病
(2)show/have/feel much/an affection for... (非常)喜欢/喜爱……
(3)have an effect/influence on 对……产生影响
affection
effect
①Affected ______ a serious disease, he was no longer able to rise to his feet, feeling desperate and helpless.(悲伤情绪表达)
②I propose that you should choose some presents with New Zealand features, which are bound to win your friend’s __________ (affect).
一定会
with
affection
站起身
③李白一生创作了大量优秀的诗歌，它们对中国文学产生了巨大的影响。(人物介绍)
During Li Bai’s lifetime, he wrote a great number of excellent poems, ________________________________________________________.
all of which have a great effect/influence on Chinese literature
2.shock n.休克；震惊；令人震惊的事 vt.(使)震惊→_________ adj.感到震惊的→___________ adj.令人震惊的
(1)in shock吃惊，震惊
to one’s shock令某人震惊的是
(2)be shocked at sth./that... 对……感到震惊
be shocked to do sth. 因做某事而感到震惊
shocked
shocking
①The news of his sudden death is so __________ that each of us is greatly __________ at it.(shock)
②I was shocked _________ (hear) that his car got crashed seriously the other day.
shocking
shocked
to hear
③让我们震惊的是，我们支持的球队在最后10秒输掉了比赛。
→____________, the team we supported lost the game in the last ten seconds.(n.shock)
→__________________ the team we supported lost the game in the last ten seconds.(adj.shocked)
→_________________ the team we supported lost the game in the last ten seconds.(it作形式主语；vt.shock)
→______________________ the team we supported lost the game in the last ten seconds.(what引导主语从句；vt.shock)
To our shock
We were shocked that
It shocked us that
What shocked us was that
3.trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n.陷阱；险境
(1)be trapped in 被困在……
trap sb. into doing sth. 诱使某人做某事
(2)fall into/get out of a trap落入/摆脱圈套
lay/set a trap (for)(为……)布下陷阱/设置圈套
①The shopkeepers often trap us into __________ (buy) the products we don’t necessarily need.
②______________ (trap) in the ruins, the girl held a positive attitude, firmly believing that someone would come to her rescue.
buying
Trapped
③夜幕降临，一场突如其来的暴风雨席卷而来。他们发现自己被困在一个狭窄的山谷里，放眼望去没有任何遮蔽物。由于没有手机信号，气温又在迅速下降，他们挤在一起，希望救援队能在黎明前找到他们。(紧张片段描写)
As darkness fell, a sudden storm rolled in, and they _______________
_______________________ with no shelter in sight. With no cell service and temperatures dropping rapidly, they huddled together, hoping rescue teams would locate them before dawn.
found themselves
trapped in a narrow valley
4.bury vt.埋葬；安葬；掩盖；隐藏→________ n.埋葬；葬礼
bury sth. in把某物埋在……
bury oneself in＝be buried in埋头于，专心于
bury one’s face in one’s hands双手掩面
①(外研选必四U5)Based on this, he believed he had spotted an unknown Maya city ________ (bury) deep in the jungle.
burial
buried
②David still refused to look at me and his head was buried in his arms.
→David still refused to look at me, ___________________________.
(现在分词短语作状语)
→David still refused to look at me, ___________________________.
(with复合结构)
→David still refused to look at me, ___________________________.
(独立主格结构)
burying his head in his arms
with his head buried in his arms
his head buried in his arms
③当她听到这个令人心碎的消息时，她无法承受痛苦，立刻双手掩面，失声痛哭起来。(悲伤情绪表达)
When she heard the heartbreaking news, she ____________________
____________________________________, sobbing uncontrollably.
couldn’t bear the pain
and immediately buried her face in her hands
5.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→_______
n.痛苦；疼痛；苦楚，苦难→__________ n.受难者；患者
(1)suffer from患……病；受……苦
(2)suffer作及物动词时，其后可跟pain、defeat、hardship等词作宾语；suffer from中的from表示原因，因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等受苦。
suffering
sufferer
①Suffering ________ insomnia makes it difficult for me to focus during the day. I’d appreciate it if you could give me some guidance. (求助信)
②生活中总有起起落落，但正是这些磨难让我们变得更坚强。(主旨升华)
There are always ups and downs in our life, but __________________
_______________________.
from
it is these sufferings
that make us stronger
6.survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸免于难；幸存；艰难度过；比……活得长→___________ n.幸存者→____________ n.幸存；生存
survive on靠……存活下来
survive sth. 幸免于……；从……中活下来
A survives B (by＋时间) A比B活得长(……)
①She is one of the few _________ who _______ the crash and she owed that to her ________ skills learned in a medical school.(survive)
survivor
survival
survivors
survived
survival
②Although the old lady suffered from a critical illness, she still survived her husband _____ 5 years, living alone in their old house until her death.
③这些徒步者很幸运地在那场突如其来的暴风雨中幸存了下来，暴风雨将他们困在山里一整夜。
The hikers ________________________________ that trapped them in the mountains overnight.
by
were lucky to survive the sudden storm
7.strike vt.& vi.(struck, struck/stricken)击打；(时钟等)敲响；划(火柴)；突击；撞击；侵袭；给(某人以……)印象；突然想到 n.罢工；罢课；袭击
be struck by被……打动/迷住/侵袭
sth. strikes sb. 某人想到……
It occurs to/hits/strikes sb. that... 某人突然想起……
strike... into one’s heart使……刻骨铭心
①Meeting my dear teachers and fellow students after so many years was indeed a warm occasion, one I’d __________________ (刻骨铭心) forever.
②她被海上日落的美丽迷住了，停下来拍了一张照片。
She ________________________________ over the ocean, pausing to take a photo.
strike into my heart
was struck by the beauty of the sunset
1.deliver
The woman doctor who was just delivered① of her own baby months ago is delivering② a speech on how to help deliver③ a baby in emergencies. Her speech will be documented, printed and delivered④ to each household.
①________________　②_________　③________________　
④________________
vt.分娩，生孩子
vt.发表
vt.接生，助产
vt.递送，传送
2.wave
With waves① beating against the shore, my best friend Tom stepped on the ship. After I waved② goodbye to him, a wave③ of loss swept over me.
①_______________　②_____________　③________
n.海浪，波浪
vt.挥手，招手
n.心潮
3.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)
生义：_________
熟义：n.陷阱；险境 vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套
vt.吸收
4.The smart community is powered by solar panels that cut carbon emissions effectively.
生义：_________
熟义：n.能量；力量；权利
vt.驱动
5.(2022·全国乙卷)Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing.
生义：_________________
熟义：vt.& vi.打扫；清扫
n.绵延弯曲的地带
1.as if引导的从句的虚拟语气
[教材原句]　It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！仿佛世界末日即将来临！
(1)as if/though引导表语从句时常放在look、seem等系动词之后。
①Listen, the whistle of an ambulance！It seems as if there _____ (be) an emergency.
②The kids are very friendly with her and even look up to her as if she _______ (be) their own mother.
③Jack wasn’t saying anything but the teacher smiled at him as if he ____________ (do) something very clever.
is
were
had done
④(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)我一看到冈特，就向他走去，然后拥抱了他，好像我们是多年的朋友。
The moment I saw Gunter, I advanced towards him and hugged him as if ____________________________.
注意：当as if/though引导方式状语从句时，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句含有be动词的某种形式，则可以省略从句的主语和be动词。
we had been friends for years
2.be doing... when... “正在做……这时……”
[教材原句]　I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. 我和我的三个孩子正在吃早餐，这时水开始往我家里灌。
此句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”。when表示“这时突然”之意时，还常用于以下句型：
(1)be about to do... when...＝be on the point of doing... when... 正要做……突然……
(2)had (just) done... when... 刚做完……这时突然……
①I was walking cautiously along the road ________ my feet slipped and I fell over.
②他正要回答时，感觉舌头被绑住了，手掌开始出汗。(紧张心理描写)
___________________________________________________ he felt his tongue tied and palms sweating.
③我们刚从着火的房子里逃出来，房子就倒塌了，我们几乎被吓死了。(恐惧心理描写)
___________________________________________ it fell to the ground and we were almost scared to death.
when
He was about to respond/was on the point of responding when
We had just escaped from the burning house when
Part 2　基础知识达标
Ⅰ.语境填空
1.They were hiking up the mountain ______ they spotted a rare bird.
2.I suggest that you should stay here as if nothing _______________
(happen).
3.Despite the ___________ (suffer) she had endured, she never lost her faith in humanity.
4.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)This method may not be __________ (effect) for everyone as each student’s oral ability is different.
5.____ struck me that her silence during the meeting was actually a form of protest.
when
had happened
sufferings
effective
It
6.On returning to the town, they were shocked to find their neighborhood in _________ (ruin).
7.It was said that the explosion in the city centre caused 7 deaths, which was ____ great shock for residents.
8.Furniture is destroyed, streets are flooded and thousands of people ____________ (bury) under the houses.
ruins
a
are buried
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.我突然想到，带儿子去动物园会是一个提高他动物保护意识的好主意。
________________________________________________________
_____________ to raise his awareness of animal protection.
2.我们正在喂鱼，这时一只被困在网里的海豚吸引了我们的注意。
_____________________________ a dolphin trapped in a net caught our eye.
It struck/hit/occurred to me that taking my son to the zoo would be
a good idea
We were feeding the fish when
3.看起来这只海豚因为不能游上来呼吸空气而受了很多苦。所以，我们决定尽我们所能去营救这只海豚。
___________________________________________ for not being able to swim up to get air. So, we determined to do everything in our power to rescue the dolphin.
It looked as if the dolphin had suffered a lot
Part 3　写作能力培优
培优1　应用文增分练 ——地震与救援
根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。
Several years ago, a great earthquake hit (用本单元词汇替换黑体词： ①________) Wenchuan, a city in Sichuan Province, and everyone was ②_________ (shock). About thirty percent of the buildings ③__________ (成为废墟). Most people suffered a great deal and many people were ④______________ (死亡或受伤).
struck
shocked
lay in ruins
dead or injured
There was ⑤__________ electricity nor water. ⑥________________
__________________ (仿佛世界末日来临). The government immediately organised rescue teams to evacuate people (将黑体部分改为被动句：⑦________________________________________
___________________________) and take the ⑧ ________ (survive) to shelters in the open air. The helicopters delivered ⑨ ____________
_________________ (各种物资). Some doctors and volunteers also came to their rescue. ⑩_________________________________ (多亏了他们的共同努力和智慧), the city began to breathe and revive itself.
neither
It seemed as if the
world were at an end
Rescue teams were organised immediately by the
government to evacuate people
survivors
all kinds of/a
variety of supplies
Thanks to their joint efforts and wisdom
教材语料运用　【搞笑经历】
我的头被困在大南瓜里，我失去了冷静并陷入恐慌。我再次竭尽全力想把头从南瓜里拔出来，但白费力气。随着时间一分一秒地过去，我越来越紧张。各种各样糟糕的想法涌入我的脑海。令我恼火的是，我哥哥不顾我正在遭受的事情，他轻拍那个大南瓜，咯咯地笑着。我爸爸立刻来帮助我，安慰地说：“保持镇静！”好像过了一个世纪，我成功地获救了。一个明亮的世界再次出现在我的眼前。一阵激动与喜悦交织的情绪涌上我的心头。
培优2　读后续写提能练
1.____________________________________ (with复合结构), I lost my calm and got into a panic. I made every effort to pull my head out of it once again, but in vain. I was getting more nervous as the minutes ticked away. Various terrible thoughts 2._________________
____________. To my annoyance, 3.__________________________
(分词短语作状语), my brother tapped the huge pumpkin, giggling.
With my head trapped in the huge pumpkin
flooded into
my mind
ignoring what I was suffering
Instantly, my father came to my aid, saying reassuringly, 4.“______________！”After 5._______________________________
(what引导的宾语从句), I was successfully rescued and a bright world came into my sight again. 6.____________________________ ________________ (无生命名词作主语).
Keep calm
what seemed like a century
A mix of excitement and joy
washed over me(共31张PPT)
课时作业5 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·江西南昌高三模拟)Annie Smith, 32, went into labor as floodwaters from Hurricane Harvey surrounded her apartment.With the roads underwater, the two-mile drive to the hospital was impossible.Annie and her husband, Greg, both doctors, began preparing for a home birth.
Greg rushed to gather supplies—scissors, sewing needles—while his mother boiled water to sterilize (消毒) them.“I’m really starting to get scared now，” Annie told Greg as the reality set in.A neighbor, checking on the Smiths, sent an email to their apartment complex’s message board asking for help.Within 30 minutes, at least 15 people showed up, including medical trainees from the complex.
Meanwhile, the couple had been continuously dialing 911 but never got an answer.Finally, a call to the director of Annie’s fellowship program led to action.The director’s father, who lived near a fire station, walked there to explain the situation.
Around noon, a rescue truck arrived.By then, the water had reached a formidable level that the vehicle couldn’t get close.The Smiths’ neighbors and firefighters formed a human chain to help Annie Smith to the back of the flatbed truck.“I held onto them one person at a time，” Annie Smith said, moving on her hands and knees along their arms until she reached the ladder safely.She sat on a blanket in the truck, a shower curtain over her head, as they drove through the flood.
The Smiths arrived at Texas Children’s Hospital about 15 minutes later.An hour later, their daughter Adrielle was born, weighing 7 pounds and 6 ounces.The couple, exhausted but relieved, appreciated the neighbors and firemen who had come to their aid.“It was absolutely incredible how many people responded and were out in the rain trying to help us，” Annie said.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。Annie Smith在即将分娩时却因飓风引发的洪涝无法前往医院。邻居、同事和消防员协作助其脱险并成功分娩，Annie Smith非常感激大家的帮助。
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2
3
1.Why did the Smiths at first prepare for a home birth
A.The hospital was inaccessible.
B.Drivers were hard to reach.
C.They were suggested by doctors.
D.The emergency services were off duty.
答案：A
4
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“With the roads underwater, the two-mile drive to the hospital was impossible.”可知，道路被水淹没，开车两英里去医院是不可能的。
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
2.Who played a crucial role in calling the rescue truck
A.A neighbor.
B.Greg’s mother.
C.A medical trainee.
D.The director’s father.
答案：D
4
1
2
3
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“Finally, a call to the director...The director’s father...walked there to explain the situation.”和第四段中的“Around noon, a rescue truck arrived.”可知，最后，给Annie所在的奖学金项目负责人打了一通电话后，事情有了转机。负责人的父亲住在一个消防站附近，他走到那里说明了情况。大约中午时分，一辆救援车抵达了。所以负责人的父亲在叫救援车这一事件中发挥了重要作用。
4
1
2
3
3.What does the underlined word “formidable” in paragraph 4 mean
A.Scary.　　　　　　　　 B.Awesome.
C.Average. D.Normal.
答案：A
4
1
2
3
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“the vehicle couldn’t get close”可知，救援车无法靠近，所以当时的水位已经达到了一个很高的、很让人害怕的水平。
4
4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A.To record an unforgettable disaster.
B.To remember the respected firemen.
C.To praise the love within the community.
D.To raise funds for Annie’s fellowship program.
答案：C
1
2
3
4
解析：写作意图题。根据文章内容，尤其是第五段的“It was absolutely incredible how many people responded and were out in the rain trying to help us”可知，Annie Smith遇到了困难，但是她的邻居、同事和消防员都试图帮助她。所以可以推测，作者写这篇文章是为了赞扬社区里的爱。
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2
3
4
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。College Cafe的员工Catherine Murphy 每天忙碌地工作，用心为顾客制作饮品，与顾客热情交流，她的笑容感染了学生。她以服务他人为宗旨，在岗位上工作了17年，用积极的态度点亮他人的一天。
An Unsung Hero
Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning The College Cafe has just that, and more. 1
A.The cafe closes at 9 p.m. every day.
B.She has two children aged eight and four.
C.Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early.
D.After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup.
E.Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles.
F.Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.
G.She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else.
1.答案：E
解析：空前提到“Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning The College Cafe has just that, and more.”，由此可知，College Cafe能在课间提供休息和提神饮品，以及其他东西。E项“这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮品而且提供笑容”通过“not only...(but) also...”结构，呼应上文提到的提供休息和提神饮品以及“and more”。
Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. 2 As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day？” Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn’t let it get in the way of her genuine conversations.
A.The cafe closes at 9 p.m. every day.
B.She has two children aged eight and four.
C.Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early.
D.After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup.
E.Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles.
F.Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.
G.She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else.
2.答案：D
解析：空前提到Catherine Murphy在机器间来回走动制作饮品，空后提到顾客从她手中拿饮品时，她会微笑问候。D项“完成订单后，她喊出杯上的名字”衔接了制作饮品与交付饮品的动作，符合工作流程的逻辑，且“calls out the name”与空后顾客接饮品的场景连贯。
Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time. 3 “I do so because I like to make coffee for the students. I know they need it in the morning，” Murphy said. Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is. She believes she is here to serve.
A.The cafe closes at 9 p.m. every day.
B.She has two children aged eight and four.
C.Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early.
D.After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup.
E.Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles.
F.Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.
G.She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else.
3.答案：C
解析：空前提到Murphy每天早上4：45起床，开车30分钟准时上班，空后提到Murphy喜欢为学生制作咖啡，她知道学生们早上需要咖啡。C项“有时她提前到岗以提前服务学生”进一步说明她对工作的投入，与上文呼应，且与下文形成因果关系。
One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. 4 “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood，” Wright said.
A.The cafe closes at 9 p.m. every day.
B.She has two children aged eight and four.
C.Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early.
D.After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup.
E.Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles.
F.Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.
G.She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else.
4.答案：F
解析：空前提到学生Wright每周至少有6天去咖啡馆，空后提到Wright说Catherine的笑容让她心情愉快。F项“去咖啡馆让她以良好的方式开启一天，为上课做好准备”解释了Wright频繁去咖啡馆的原因，空后提到Catherine的笑容对Wright的影响，进一步解释了F项中的“starts her day off good”。
“I enjoy working in the cafe，” Murphy said. 5 She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves.
A.The cafe closes at 9 p.m. every day.
B.She has two children aged eight and four.
C.Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early.
D.After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup.
E.Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles.
F.Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.
G.She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else.
5.答案：G
解析：空前提到Murphy喜欢在咖啡馆工作，空后提到她打算继续做热爱的事，即继续在咖啡馆工作。G项“已在此服务了17年，她无法想象去其他地方工作”描述了她的工作年限与情感归属，与上下文衔接紧密。UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
主题语境　自然灾害
Part 1　核心考点突破
1.affect vt.影响(influence)；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→affection n.喜爱→effect n.影响；结果；效果
(1)be affected by受……的影响；被……感动
be affected with感染……疾病
(2)show/have/feel much/an affection for... (非常)喜欢/喜爱……
(3)have an effect/influence on 对……产生影响
①Affected with a serious disease, he was no longer able to rise to his feet, feeling desperate and helpless.(悲伤情绪表达) 　 　站起身
②I propose that you should choose some presents with New Zealand features, which are bound to win your friend’s affection (affect).　　　　　　　　 　一定会
③李白一生创作了大量优秀的诗歌，它们对中国文学产生了巨大的影响。(人物介绍)
During Li Bai’s lifetime, he wrote a great number of excellent poems, all of which have a great effect/influence on Chinese literature.
2.shock n.休克；震惊；令人震惊的事 vt.(使)震惊→shocked adj.感到震惊的→shocking adj.令人震惊的
(1)in shock吃惊，震惊
to one’s shock令某人震惊的是
(2)be shocked at sth./that... 对……感到震惊
be shocked to do sth. 因做某事而感到震惊
①The news of his sudden death is so shocking that each of us is greatly shocked at it.(shock)
②I was shocked to hear (hear) that his car got crashed seriously the other day.
③让我们震惊的是，我们支持的球队在最后10秒输掉了比赛。
→To our shock, the team we supported lost the game in the last ten seconds.(n.shock)
→We were shocked that the team we supported lost the game in the last ten seconds.(adj.shocked)
→It shocked us that the team we supported lost the game in the last ten seconds.(it作形式主语；vt.shock)
→What shocked us was that the team we supported lost the game in the last ten seconds.(what引导主语从句；vt.shock)
3.trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n.陷阱；险境
(1)be trapped in 被困在……
trap sb. into doing sth. 诱使某人做某事
(2)fall into/get out of a trap落入/摆脱圈套
lay/set a trap (for)(为……)布下陷阱/设置圈套
①The shopkeepers often trap us into buying (buy) the products we don’t necessarily need.
②Trapped (trap) in the ruins, the girl held a positive attitude, firmly believing that someone would come to her rescue.
③夜幕降临，一场突如其来的暴风雨席卷而来。他们发现自己被困在一个狭窄的山谷里，放眼望去没有任何遮蔽物。由于没有手机信号，气温又在迅速下降，他们挤在一起，希望救援队能在黎明前找到他们。(紧张片段描写)
As darkness fell, a sudden storm rolled in, and they found themselves trapped in a narrow valley with no shelter in sight. With no cell service and temperatures dropping rapidly, they huddled together, hoping rescue teams would locate them before dawn.
4.bury vt.埋葬；安葬；掩盖；隐藏→burial n.埋葬；葬礼
bury sth. in把某物埋在……
bury oneself in＝be buried in埋头于，专心于
bury one’s face in one’s hands双手掩面
①(外研选必四U5)Based on this, he believed he had spotted an unknown Maya city buried (bury) deep in the jungle.
②David still refused to look at me and his head was buried in his arms.
→David still refused to look at me, burying his head in his arms.(现在分词短语作状语)
→David still refused to look at me, with his head buried in his arms.(with复合结构)
→David still refused to look at me, his head buried in his arms.(独立主格结构)
③当她听到这个令人心碎的消息时，她无法承受痛苦，立刻双手掩面，失声痛哭起来。(悲伤情绪表达)
When she heard the heartbreaking news, she couldn’t bear the pain and immediately buried her face in her hands, sobbing uncontrollably.
5.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n.痛苦；疼痛；苦楚，苦难→sufferer n.受难者；患者
(1)suffer from患……病；受……苦
(2)suffer作及物动词时，其后可跟pain、defeat、hardship等词作宾语；suffer from中的from表示原因，因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等受苦。
①Suffering from insomnia makes it difficult for me to focus during the day. I’d appreciate it if you could give me some guidance. (求助信)
②生活中总有起起落落，但正是这些磨难让我们变得更坚强。(主旨升华)
There are always ups and downs in our life, but it is these sufferings that make us stronger.
6.survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸免于难；幸存；艰难度过；比……活得长→survivor n.幸存者→survival n.幸存；生存
survive on靠……存活下来
survive sth. 幸免于……；从……中活下来
A survives B (by＋时间) A比B活得长(……)
①She is one of the few survivors who survived the crash and she owed that to her survival skills learned in a medical school.(survive)
②Although the old lady suffered from a critical illness, she still survived her husband by 5 years, living alone in their old house until her death.
③这些徒步者很幸运地在那场突如其来的暴风雨中幸存了下来，暴风雨将他们困在山里一整夜。
The hikers were lucky to survive the sudden storm that trapped them in the mountains overnight.
7.strike vt.& vi.(struck, struck/stricken)击打；(时钟等)敲响；划(火柴)；突击；撞击；侵袭；给(某人以……)印象；突然想到 n.罢工；罢课；袭击
be struck by被……打动/迷住/侵袭
sth. strikes sb. 某人想到……
It occurs to/hits/strikes sb. that... 某人突然想起……
strike... into one’s heart使……刻骨铭心
①Meeting my dear teachers and fellow students after so many years was indeed a warm occasion, one I’d strike into my heart (刻骨铭心) forever.
②她被海上日落的美丽迷住了，停下来拍了一张照片。
She was struck by the beauty of the sunset over the ocean, pausing to take a photo.
1.deliver
The woman doctor who was just delivered① of her own baby months ago is delivering② a speech on how to help deliver③ a baby in emergencies. Her speech will be documented, printed and delivered④ to each household.
①vt.分娩，生孩子　②vt.发表　③vt.接生，助产　④vt.递送，传送
2.wave
With waves① beating against the shore, my best friend Tom stepped on the ship. After I waved② goodbye to him, a wave③ of loss swept over me.
①n.海浪，波浪　②vt.挥手，招手　③n.心潮
3.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)
生义：vt.吸收
熟义：n.陷阱；险境 vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套
4.The smart community is powered by solar panels that cut carbon emissions effectively.
生义：vt.驱动
熟义：n.能量；力量；权利
5.(2022·全国乙卷)Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing.
生义：n.绵延弯曲的地带
熟义：vt.& vi.打扫；清扫
1.as if引导的从句的虚拟语气
[教材原句]　It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！仿佛世界末日即将来临！
(1)as if/though引导表语从句时常放在look、seem等系动词之后。
(2)as if/though引导状语从句时的用法：
①Listen, the whistle of an ambulance！It seems as if there is (be) an emergency.
②The kids are very friendly with her and even look up to her as if she were (be) their own mother.
③Jack wasn’t saying anything but the teacher smiled at him as if he had done (do) something very clever.
④(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)我一看到冈特，就向他走去，然后拥抱了他，好像我们是多年的朋友。
The moment I saw Gunter, I advanced towards him and hugged him as if we had been friends for years.
注意：当as if/though引导方式状语从句时，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句含有be动词的某种形式，则可以省略从句的主语和be动词。
2.be doing... when... “正在做……这时……”
[教材原句]　I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. 我和我的三个孩子正在吃早餐，这时水开始往我家里灌。
此句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”。when表示“这时突然”之意时，还常用于以下句型：
(1)be about to do... when...＝be on the point of doing... when... 正要做……突然……
(2)had (just) done... when... 刚做完……这时突然……
①I was walking cautiously along the road when my feet slipped and I fell over.
②他正要回答时，感觉舌头被绑住了，手掌开始出汗。(紧张心理描写)
He was about to respond/was on the point of responding when he felt his tongue tied and palms sweating.
③我们刚从着火的房子里逃出来，房子就倒塌了，我们几乎被吓死了。(恐惧心理描写)
We had just escaped from the burning house when it fell to the ground and we were almost scared to death.
Part 2　基础知识达标
Ⅰ.语境填空
1.They were hiking up the mountain when they spotted a rare bird.
2.I suggest that you should stay here as if nothing had happened (happen).
3.Despite the sufferings(suffer) she had endured, she never lost her faith in humanity.
4.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)This method may not be effective(effect) for everyone as each student’s oral ability is different.
5.It struck me that her silence during the meeting was actually a form of protest.
6.On returning to the town, they were shocked to find their neighborhood in ruins (ruin).
7.It was said that the explosion in the city centre caused 7 deaths, which was a great shock for residents.
8.Furniture is destroyed, streets are flooded and thousands of people are buried (bury) under the houses.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.我突然想到，带儿子去动物园会是一个提高他动物保护意识的好主意。
It struck/hit/occurred to me that taking my son to the zoo would be a good idea to raise his awareness of animal protection.
2.我们正在喂鱼，这时一只被困在网里的海豚吸引了我们的注意。
We were feeding the fish when a dolphin trapped in a net caught our eye.
3.看起来这只海豚因为不能游上来呼吸空气而受了很多苦。所以，我们决定尽我们所能去营救这只海豚。
It looked as if the dolphin had suffered a lot for not being able to swim up to get air. So, we determined to do everything in our power to rescue the dolphin.
Part 3　写作能力培优
培优1　应用文增分练 ——地震与救援
根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。
Several years ago, a great earthquake hit (用本单元词汇替换黑体词： ①struck) Wenchuan, a city in Sichuan Province, and everyone was ②shocked (shock). About thirty percent of the buildings ③lay in ruins (成为废墟). Most people suffered a great deal and many people were ④dead or injured (死亡或受伤). There was ⑤neither electricity nor water. ⑥It seemed as if the world were at an end (仿佛世界末日来临). The government immediately organised rescue teams to evacuate people (将黑体部分改为被动句：⑦ Rescue teams were organised immediately by the government to evacuate people) and take the ⑧ survivors (survive) to shelters in the open air. The helicopters delivered ⑨ all kinds of/a variety of supplies (各种物资). Some doctors and volunteers also came to their rescue. ⑩ Thanks to their joint efforts and wisdom (多亏了他们的共同努力和智慧), the city began to breathe and revive itself.
培优2　读后续写提能练
教材语料运用　【搞笑经历】
我的头被困在大南瓜里，我失去了冷静并陷入恐慌。我再次竭尽全力想把头从南瓜里拔出来，但白费力气。随着时间一分一秒地过去，我越来越紧张。各种各样糟糕的想法涌入我的脑海。令我恼火的是，我哥哥不顾我正在遭受的事情，他轻拍那个大南瓜，咯咯地笑着。我爸爸立刻来帮助我，安慰地说：“保持镇静！”好像过了一个世纪，我成功地获救了。一个明亮的世界再次出现在我的眼前。一阵激动与喜悦交织的情绪涌上我的心头。
1.With my head trapped in the huge pumpkin (with复合结构), I lost my calm and got into a panic. I made every effort to pull my head out of it once again, but in vain. I was getting more nervous as the minutes ticked away. Various terrible thoughts 2.flooded into my mind. To my annoyance, 3.ignoring what I was suffering (分词短语作状语), my brother tapped the huge pumpkin, giggling. Instantly, my father came to my aid, saying reassuringly, 4.“ Keep calm！”After 5.what seemed like a century (what引导的宾语从句), I was successfully rescued and a bright world came into my sight again. 6.A mix of excitement and joy washed over me (无生命名词作主语).
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·江西南昌高三模拟)Annie Smith, 32, went into labor as floodwaters from Hurricane Harvey surrounded her apartment.With the roads underwater, the two-mile drive to the hospital was impossible.Annie and her husband, Greg, both doctors, began preparing for a home birth.
Greg rushed to gather supplies—scissors, sewing needles—while his mother boiled water to sterilize (消毒) them.“I’m really starting to get scared now，” Annie told Greg as the reality set in.A neighbor, checking on the Smiths, sent an email to their apartment complex’s message board asking for help.Within 30 minutes, at least 15 people showed up, including medical trainees from the complex.
Meanwhile, the couple had been continuously dialing 911 but never got an answer.Finally, a call to the director of Annie’s fellowship program led to action.The director’s father, who lived near a fire station, walked there to explain the situation.
Around noon, a rescue truck arrived.By then, the water had reached a formidable level that the vehicle couldn’t get close.The Smiths’ neighbors and firefighters formed a human chain to help Annie Smith to the back of the flatbed truck.“I held onto them one person at a time，” Annie Smith said, moving on her hands and knees along their arms until she reached the ladder safely.She sat on a blanket in the truck, a shower curtain over her head, as they drove through the flood.
The Smiths arrived at Texas Children’s Hospital about 15 minutes later.An hour later, their daughter Adrielle was born, weighing 7 pounds and 6 ounces.The couple, exhausted but relieved, appreciated the neighbors and firemen who had come to their aid.“It was absolutely incredible how many people responded and were out in the rain trying to help us，” Annie said.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。Annie Smith在即将分娩时却因飓风引发的洪涝无法前往医院。邻居、同事和消防员协作助其脱险并成功分娩，Annie Smith非常感激大家的帮助。
1.Why did the Smiths at first prepare for a home birth
A.The hospital was inaccessible.
B.Drivers were hard to reach.
C.They were suggested by doctors.
D.The emergency services were off duty.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“With the roads underwater, the two-mile drive to the hospital was impossible.”可知，道路被水淹没，开车两英里去医院是不可能的。
2.Who played a crucial role in calling the rescue truck
A.A neighbor.
B.Greg’s mother.
C.A medical trainee.
D.The director’s father.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“Finally, a call to the director...The director’s father...walked there to explain the situation.”和第四段中的“Around noon, a rescue truck arrived.”可知，最后，给Annie所在的奖学金项目负责人打了一通电话后，事情有了转机。负责人的父亲住在一个消防站附近，他走到那里说明了情况。大约中午时分，一辆救援车抵达了。所以负责人的父亲在叫救援车这一事件中发挥了重要作用。
3.What does the underlined word “formidable” in paragraph 4 mean
A.Scary.　　　　　　　　B.Awesome.
C.Average. D.Normal.
答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“the vehicle couldn’t get close”可知，救援车无法靠近，所以当时的水位已经达到了一个很高的、很让人害怕的水平。
4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A.To record an unforgettable disaster.
B.To remember the respected firemen.
C.To praise the love within the community.
D.To raise funds for Annie’s fellowship program.
答案：C
解析：写作意图题。根据文章内容，尤其是第五段的“It was absolutely incredible how many people responded and were out in the rain trying to help us”可知，Annie Smith遇到了困难，但是她的邻居、同事和消防员都试图帮助她。所以可以推测，作者写这篇文章是为了赞扬社区里的爱。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
An Unsung Hero
Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning The College Cafe has just that, and more. 1
Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. 2 As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day？” Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn’t let it get in the way of her genuine conversations.
Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time. 3 “I do so because I like to make coffee for the students. I know they need it in the morning，” Murphy said. Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is. She believes she is here to serve.
One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. 4 “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood，” Wright said.
“I enjoy working in the cafe，” Murphy said. 5 She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves.
A.The cafe closes at 9 p.m. every day.
B.She has two children aged eight and four.
C.Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early.
D.After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup.
E.Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles.
F.Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.
G.She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。College Cafe的员工Catherine Murphy 每天忙碌地工作，用心为顾客制作饮品，与顾客热情交流，她的笑容感染了学生。她以服务他人为宗旨，在岗位上工作了17年，用积极的态度点亮他人的一天。
1.答案：E
解析：空前提到“Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning The College Cafe has just that, and more.”，由此可知，College Cafe能在课间提供休息和提神饮品，以及其他东西。E项“这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮品而且提供笑容”通过“not only...(but) also...”结构，呼应上文提到的提供休息和提神饮品以及“and more”。
2.答案：D
解析：空前提到Catherine Murphy在机器间来回走动制作饮品，空后提到顾客从她手中拿饮品时，她会微笑问候。D项“完成订单后，她喊出杯上的名字”衔接了制作饮品与交付饮品的动作，符合工作流程的逻辑，且“calls out the name”与空后顾客接饮品的场景连贯。
3.答案：C
解析：空前提到Murphy每天早上4：45起床，开车30分钟准时上班，空后提到Murphy喜欢为学生制作咖啡，她知道学生们早上需要咖啡。C项“有时她提前到岗以提前服务学生”进一步说明她对工作的投入，与上文呼应，且与下文形成因果关系。
4.答案：F
解析：空前提到学生Wright每周至少有6天去咖啡馆，空后提到Wright说Catherine的笑容让她心情愉快。F项“去咖啡馆让她以良好的方式开启一天，为上课做好准备”解释了Wright频繁去咖啡馆的原因，空后提到Catherine的笑容对Wright的影响，进一步解释了F项中的“starts her day off good”。
5.答案：G
解析：空前提到Murphy喜欢在咖啡馆工作，空后提到她打算继续做热爱的事，即继续在咖啡馆工作。G项“已在此服务了17年，她无法想象去其他地方工作”描述了她的工作年限与情感归属，与上下文衔接紧密。

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