资源简介

UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
主题语境　世界上的语言
Part 1　核心考点突破
1.refer vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫……求助于→reference n.提及，涉及；指称关系；参考；参考书目
(1)refer to指的是；描述；提到；查阅
(2)refer to... as... 把……称作……
(3)in/with reference to关于
reference books/material参考书/参考资料
　　　 　动身前往
①(译林选必四U4)As soon as I received the next assignment, I headed straight for the library to find the reference (refer) books I needed for my research.
②他是他所在领域的先驱，被许多年轻的研究人员称为导师。(人物介绍)
He was a pioneer in his field and referred to as an advisor by many young researchers.
③关于发表演讲，我建议你在发表演讲时不要参考你的笔记本或其他参考资料。(建议信)
With/In reference to making a speech, I suggest that while making a speech, you should not refer to your notebook or other reference material. 　　　　　　　　　　　　 状语从句的省略
2.base vt.以……为据点；以……为基础 n.底部；根据→based adj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的→basic adj.基本的；基础的→basis n.基础→basically adv.大体上；基本上
(1)base... on/upon... 把……建立在……的基础上
(2)be based on... 以……为基础
(3)on a daily/regular basis 每天/定期
on the basis of在……的基础上
①She built her argument based (base) on personal experience and scientific research.
②Working out on a regular basis (base) and eating healthily are good ways to keep fit.
③正如谚语所言：“独木难成林。”我们的成功是建立在与他人合作的基础上的。(主旨升华)
Just as the saying goes, “One tree doesn’t make a forest.” Our success is based on/upon cooperation with others.
3.major adj.主要的；重要的；大的 vi.主修；专门研究 n.主修课程；主修学生→majority n.大部分；大多数
(1)major in主修……
(2)a/the majority of大多数
in a/the majority占大多数
①Interested in Chinese characters since childhood, I plan to major in calligraphy at university in the future.
②据调查，赞成分组学习的学生占大多数。
As surveyed, students in favor of studying in groups are in a/the majority.
③大多数人摄入过多脂肪，纤维摄入不足，这对他们的健康很有害。(饮食与健康)
A/The majority of people take in too much fat and not enough fibre, which does great harm to their health.
4.means n.方法；方式；途径
a means of一种……的方法(means的单复数同形)
by all means可以；当然行；没问题
by means of借助……手段；依靠……方法
by no means绝不，一点也不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
①Every possible means has been used (use) to solve this problem so far.
②通过艰苦的训练和坚持不懈的努力，他于2024年在法国获得了一枚奥运金牌。
He won an Olympic gold medal in France in 2024 by means of hard training and perseverance.
③没有你的慷慨帮助和指导，我绝不可能提高我的英语水平。再次感谢你的帮助。(感谢信)
By no means could I have improved my English without your generous help and guidance. Thanks again for your help.(倒装句)
5.appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值→appreciation n.欣赏；感激→appreciative adj.感激的；欣赏的
(1)appreciate (one’s) doing sth. 喜欢/感激(某人)做某事
I would appreciate it if... 如果……我将不胜感激。
(2)express/convey one’s appreciation 表达某人的感激之情
①I would really appreciate your replying (reply) to me at your earliest convenience.
②我写信表达我对你的感激之情，感谢我在伦敦逗留期间你为我所做的一切。(感谢信)
I’m writing to express/convey my appreciation for what you have done for me during my stay in London.
6.struggle n.& vi.斗争(fight)；奋斗；搏斗
struggle for... 为……而奋斗；努力争取……
struggle with/against... 与……做斗争
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来
①As an exchange student, for one thing, he struggles with language barriers; for another, he struggles for academic progress. How determined and devoted he is!
②他挣扎着从地上站起来，扶着墙，踉跄地走出了房子。(动作链描写)
He struggled to his feet from the ground, supported himself along the wall and stumbled out of the house.
7.equal n.同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的；平等的；相当的；能胜任的 v.与……相等，等于；比得上→equality n.平等；相等→equally adv.相等地；同等地；公平地；同样地
be without equal＝have no equal无与伦比
be equal to sth./doing sth. 等于/胜任(做)某事
equal sb./sth. in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事上比得过/敌得过某人/某物
①All students should be treated equally (equal) regardless of their background.
②From my point of view, her painting skill is without equal in capturing the beauty of nature.
③我精通中文而且没有人在教学方法上能比得过我，因此我相信我能胜任教外国人学习中文。(申请信)
I have a good knowledge of Chinese and nobody can equal me in teaching methods, so I’m confident that I am equal to teaching foreigners to learn Chinese.
8.demand n.需求；要求 vt.强烈要求；需要 vi.查问→demanding adj.要求高的
(1)be in (great) demand (迫切)需求
meet/satisfy one’s demands (for...)满足某人(对……)的需求
(2)demand to do sth. 要求做某事
demand that... (should) do sth. 要求……做某事
①Nowadays science graduates are in greater demand because advanced science has created more demanding (demand) jobs.
②The company is struggling to meet the high demands (demand) of its clients during the peak season.
③我对你们糟糕的服务很不满意，我要求见经理，并要求立即处理我的投诉。(投诉信)
Dissatisfied with your poor service, I demand to see the manager and demand that my complaint be handled immediately.
9.date back (to...)追溯到
date back to＝date from 追溯到……
go back to追溯到……
①Dating (date) from 1933, the South Lake Park in Changchun is located in the southwestern part of Changchun City.
②中国饮茶文化源远流长，可以追溯到1 000多年前。(传统文化)
→Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history, which dates back to/dates from/goes back to more than 1，000 years ago.(非限制性定语从句)
→Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history dating back to/dating from/going back to more than 1，000 years ago.(现在分词短语作定语)
1.character
The character① in his novel is vivid, with honesty as his core character② traits. These unique characters③ shine through every character④ he writes.
①n.人物，角色　②n.性格，品质　③n.特点，特色 ④n.文字
2.major
Lisa, a psychology major①， chose to major② in the subject because she is passionate about understanding mental health. Last month, she met a major③ challenge: helping a classmate with a major④ anxiety issue, which further deepened her love for her field.
①n.主修学生 　②vi.主修　 ③ adj.主要的，重要的　④adj.严重的
3.The company has its base in New York and branch offices all over the world.
生义：n.总部
熟义：n.基础；根基；底部
4.She took a moment to appreciate the artist’s intention behind the abstract painting.
生义：vt.领会；理解
熟义：vt.欣赏；感激
“be of＋名词”结构
[教材原句]　That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture. 这一书写体系对于团结中国人民和凝聚中华文化具有非常重要的意义。
“be of＋抽象名词”相当于“be＋形容词”，这一结构可以用来说明主语的性质。常见的抽象名词有importance、value、use、help、benefit、significance等，这些名词可用great、little、some、any、no、not、much等修饰，用以说明程度。
①Regular physical activity is beneficial to both your physical and mental health.
→Regular physical activity is of benefit to both your physical and mental health.
②在我看来，提高人们保护野生植物和动物的意识具有十分重要的意义。(生态保护)
From my point of view, raising people’s awareness of protecting wild plants and animals is of great significance.
③(2025·全国一卷)我真的希望我的建议能有所帮助，会让我们的报纸更加丰富多彩、更具吸引力。
I do hope my suggestions are of help and will make our newspaper more colorful and appealing.
Part 2　基础知识达标
Ⅰ.语境填空
1.Human beings are regarded (regard) as part of nature and the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature.
2. The tradition dating (date) back to a hundred years ago is still kept alive today.
3.Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement has been reached so far by the two sides.
4.It is widely acknowledged that wisdom and efforts are equally (equal) important for success.
5.Some experts say that like running, race walking is physically demanding (demand).
6. The gold medal will be awarded to whoever wins first place in the bicycle race.
7.As a matter of fact, I want to major in English in college and to be a bridge between China and the world.
8.Hearing that he won first place, he struggled to hold (hold) back his tears of excitement.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.我知道你对篮球感兴趣，而且我们的篮球俱乐部需要新成员，所以我写信邀请你加入。
I know you’re interested in basketball and new members are in demand in our basketball club, so I’m writing to invite you to join it.
2.比赛在即，教练要求我们做好充分的准备，每天努力练习。
The match is approaching. Our coach demanded that we should get fully prepared and practice hard every day.
3.如果你能考虑我的邀请，我将不胜感激。我们期待着你的加入。
I would appreciate it if you could take my invitation into consideration. We are expecting your joining.
Part 3　写作能力培优
培优1　应用文增分练 ——个人兴趣
根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。
As a Russian, Clery can speak standard Chinese, though his native language is Russian. In addition, he has studied Chinese characters and now ①is good at calligraphy (擅长书法). He especially enjoys (用本单元词汇替换黑体词：②appreciates) classic Chinese literature and regards it ③as his major research subject, so he tries every way (用本单元词汇替换黑体词：④means) to refer to Chinese classics ⑤based (base) on ancient Chinese culture. Clery cares about ⑥global affairs (全球事务) and has a positive attitude towards life. In his semester paper, he gives a specific ⑦ description (describe) of man’s demands and ⑧ struggles for equal rights (为争取平等权利的斗争).
培优2　读后续写提能练
教材语料运用　【与狼对峙】
马克正沿着山路骑行，这时他看到一只狼张着血盆大口追赶他。他的恐惧无以言表。他乞求路过的司机帮助他，但是徒劳无果。内心充满了恐惧，他从自行车上下来，抓住自行车，用尽全力把自行车扔向狼，尽力把狼吓走。他正要成为狼的盘中餐时，他的朋友们帮助了他。每当他提到这件恐怖的事情时，他仍然感到毛骨悚然。
Mac was pedalling along the mountain road when he 1.saw a wolf chasing him (感官动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语), opening its bloody mouth. His fear was beyond description. He begged passing drivers to help him, but in vain. 2.Full of fear (形容词短语作状语), he got off his bike, seized it and threw it at the wolf with all his strength, 3.struggling to frighten the wolf away (分词短语作状语). He was about to become the food of the wolf 4.when his friends helped him (时间状语从句). Every time he referred to the horrible thing, he still felt as if 5.his hair had stood on end (虚拟语气).
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·江苏南京学情调研)In the heart of the Kanien’kéha: ka Nation (卡尼恩克哈部族)in Canada，McComber，a native language teacher, reflected on a question raised by Maori (毛利语的) language advocate Sir Tīmoti Kāretu：what was your dream for the future of your language
Kanien’kéha, the Mohawk language, is endangered, and for decades, McComber has worked hard to operate a native language school.At the turn of the century, as it encountered more barriers, McComber looked around the world for help and inspiration, and Kāretu was the answer.“Don’t wait for money or approval; just do the work，” Kāretu told her.It’s the same message Kāretu carried with him decades ago, when te reo Maori, the Maori language, was also on the line.
In the early 1970s, young Maori advocates in New Zealand marched to the government, demanding Maori be taught in all public schools.In 1982, Dame Iritana Tāwhiwhirangi established Kohanga Reo, an engaging language program where Maori was the only language taught, spoken and used both in the classroom and at home, and the courses focused on Maori history and culture.“Grandparents became teachers，”she says.“The difference-maker was that the Kohanga Reo was entirely community-led.Families raised the money to rent classroom spaces, and volunteers planned and taught classes.”
Translated in English as “language nest”， the Kohanga Reo model quickly became an important cultural export and inspired other minority communities worldwide.“Our parents ruled，” a student of McComber’s nest school says.“They wanted to teach us the beauty of our language, our culture, and who we are.And it has given me the confidence to speak and read with ease in both English and Kanien’kéha.”
The model helped communities view the world through their ancestors’ eyes, ensuring the survival of their way of life.“It’s not just about language，”McComber can now answer that question.“It’s everything.”
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。McComber是一位莫霍克语老师，她通过借鉴毛利语保护及传播的经验，利用Kohanga Reo(语言巢)模式来保护濒危的莫霍克语。
1.Why did McComber turn to Kāretu for help
A.Because Kāretu also spoke Kanien’kéha.
B.Because Kāretu once faced a similar crisis.
C.Because she needed his financial support.
D.Because she desired his tips on language learning.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可推知，McComber选择向Kāretu求助的原因是Kāretu曾亲身经历过 “母语濒危” 的相似困境，更能理解她当下的难题，也能提供切实可行的解决办法。故选 B。
2.What contributed to the success of Kohanga Reo
A.Expansion of public schools.
B.Flexibility of the courses.
C.Rule of the students’ parents.
D.Support from the community.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“The difference-maker was that the Kohanga Reo was entirely community-led...volunteers planned and taught classes.”可知，Kohanga Reo完全由社区主导，家庭集资租用教室空间，志愿者策划并教授课程。由此可知，来自社区的支持促成了Kohanga Reo的成功。
3.What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A.The impact of the Kohanga Reo model.
B.The importance of parents’ involvement.
C.The procedure for building the nest school.
D.The case of a student finding his real identity.
答案：A
解析：段落大意题。第四段首句的“the Kohanga Reo model quickly became an important cultural export and inspired other minority communities worldwide”是本段的主题句，讲Kohanga Reo模式迅速成为一种重要的文化输出，并激励了世界各地的其他社区。接着引用了McComber学校的一名学生的话，表明在Kohanga Reo模式下，父辈们教授孩子们莫霍克语之美、文化之美，这给予孩子们信心，让他们可以轻松地用英语和莫霍克语说话和阅读。由此可知，第四段主要讲述了Kohanga Reo模式的影响。故选A。
4.By saying “It’s everything.”， McComber suggests .
A.guaranteeing the survival of their own schools
B.keeping their culture for future generations
C.purifying their unique language
D.practicing the tradition of their ancestors
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。最后一段讲Kohanga Reo模式帮助社区通过祖先的视角看待世界，确保了他们生活方式的继续存在。McComber说这不仅仅关乎语言，这关乎一切。由此可推断，McComber的话语中隐含的意思是Kohanga Reo模式不仅对保护语言产生影响，还将对后代的生活方式和文化产生影响，所以McComber建议为后代保留他们的文化。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·江苏南通三模)Growing up, I would constantly ask my parents what new words meant in English when I was reading novels in primary school.Regardless of how much I understood, I returned to these books because reading in itself was 1 .
Of course, looking up every word in a sentence is no fun.So when I was trying to read books in English, I adopted something similar to a weightlifting 2 ： finding my comfort zone, then pushing a bit beyond it, 3 ， and trying again.It did suck at the beginning but it wasn’t long before I could 4 more complexity.I made a goal to 5 material just above my comfortable level; if I felt 6 when I finished, the next book I chose would be a bit harder.If I got frustrated, I dialled down the 7 .
I embraced practice; the words I could understand were enough to keep me going, even if my 8 wasn’t perfect.Reading turned from self-imposed (自我强加的) “study” to a fun, sustainable 9 .Letting go of the 10 —embracing the fact that I didn’t understand every word—helped me 11 more ground, allowing me to see phrases and vocabulary over and over in hundreds of 12 ， however imperfect.And I became 13 in the stories; I grew 14 of the characters and wanted to know what happened next.
It’s as though an ocean has opened up before me, and for now I’m just wading (蹚水) in the shallows—knowing that I’ll 15 someday.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过循序渐进的方法克服英语阅读障碍的经历。
1.A.complex　　　　　　　B.enjoyable
C.demanding D.personal
答案：B
解析：根据“Regardless of how much I understood, I returned to these books(不管我能理解多少，我都会继续看这些书)”可知，作者不断阅读说明阅读本身是令人愉悦的(enjoyable)。
2.A.movement B.technique
C.routine D.attempt
答案：C
解析：根据冒号后的解释“finding my comfort zone, then pushing a bit beyond it, 3 ， and trying again”可知，作者描述的是举重运动的固定程序(routine)。
3.A.sharing B.practising
C.quitting D.resting
答案：D
解析：and连接并列的动词可以表示动作的先后顺序。结合常识可知，举重训练的顺序是：找到舒适区→突破→休息(resting)→再次尝试。
4.A.justify B.create
C.tackle D.skip
答案：C
解析：根据but可知，前后分句为转折关系。前面分句提到一开始很糟糕，由此可以推断后面分句为没过多久问题就解决了，即作者可以应对(tackle)更复杂的材料了。
5.A.read B.edit
C.supply D.collect
答案：A
解析：全文围绕“阅读”展开。因此，此处表示作者的目标是读(read)难度略高的材料。
6.A.challenged B.lost
C.confident D.sympathetic
答案：C
解析：根据下文的“the next book I chose would be a bit harder(我接下来选的书就会难一点)”可知，读完一本书后，如果作者感到自信(confident)，才会选择更难的书。
7.A.difficulty B.intensity
C.effort D.volume
答案：A
解析：前一句提到作者感到自信时会选择难度更大的书，由此推断，作者感到受挫时会降低难度(difficulty)。
8.A.presentation B.comprehension
C.preparation D.impression
答案：B
解析：此处表示尽管作者的理解(comprehension)并不完美。comprehension和上文的understand相呼应。
9.A.duty B.habit
C.concept D.trick
答案：B
解析：根据句意“阅读从自我强加的‘学习’转变为一种有趣且可持续的习惯”可知，答案选B。
10.A.requirements B.mistakes
C.beliefs D.specifics
答案：D
解析：根据破折号后的解释“embracing the fact that I didn’t understand every word(接受我并不能理解每个单词的事实)”可知，作者放下了对细节(specifics)的执念。
11.A.cover B.regain
C.survey D.describe
答案：A
解析：此处表示放弃细节让作者接触更多内容(cover more ground)。
12.A.tests B.contexts
C.posts D.courses
答案：B
解析：此处表示在成百上千的语境(contexts)中反复看到短语和词汇。
13.A.invested B.stuck
C.imaginative D.innovative
答案：A
解析：根据下文的“I grew 14 of the characters and wanted to know what happened next”可知，作者想要知道接下来会发生什么。因此，作者投入了大量的时间和精力(invested)在故事中。
14.A.envious B.ashamed
C.proud D.fond
答案：D
解析：根据下文的“and wanted to know what happened next”可知，作者逐渐喜欢上(fond)了书中的人物。
15.A.float B.survive
C.wander D.swim
答案：D
解析：根据上文的“It’s as though an ocean has opened up before me, and for now I’m just wading in the shallows”可知，作者将阅读比作ocean(海洋)，将当前的阅读状态比作“wading in the shallows(在浅水区蹚水)”。浅水区代表初级水平。因此，设空处需要一个与wading形成对比且表示更高水平的词。swim符合语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·四川自贡三模)Ivana Milanovic is a language and culture enthusiast from Montenegro. She began studying Chinese at the Confucius Institute in Rome in 2019, and her passion 1. the language soon led her to explore Chinese poetry, philosophy, history and art.
She 2. (fall) in love with Tang poetry, Confucian teachings, and Daoist philosophy. Chinese art, 3. (particular) traditional paintings, amazed her with its elegance. She also discovered the remarkable stories of historical women like Wu Zetian, China’s only female emperor, and Fu Hao, 4. ancient military leader.
All these discoveries ignited (激发) a passion within her to share 5. she was learning. She wanted to become a cultural bridge, 6. (introduce) Chinese traditions, stories and innovations to people back home. Meanwhile, there is a growing 7. (curious) about international cultures, including China’s in Montenegro. So she decided 8. (start) a bilingual magazine—dedicated to Chinese culture and traditions.
Her vision is to create a resource that recounts historical facts and shows the timeless spirit that impacts Chinese civilization. Each issue covers diverse 9. (topic) such as history, literature and art, along with special columns on tea culture and regional cuisines, making China’s culture and traditions 10. (know) to readers in Montenegro. She believes that by tying these threads together, readers will gain a good understanding of how ancient customs continue to influence modern China.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自Montenegro的语言和文化爱好者Ivana Milanovic对中文及中国文化的热爱，以及她如何将这份热爱转化为实际行动。
1.答案：for
解析：考查介词。句意：2019年，她开始在罗马孔子学院学习中文，她对这门语言的热爱很快使她探索了中国诗歌、哲学、历史和艺术。此处是固定搭配，passion for意为“对……的热爱”。故填for。
2.答案：fell
解析：考查动词的时态。句意：她爱上了唐诗、儒家教义和道家哲学。fall作本句谓语，描述已发生的事，用一般过去时。故填fell。
3.答案：particularly
解析：考查词性转换。句意：中国艺术，尤其是传统绘画，其优雅使她惊叹不已。空处用副词particularly起强调作用，强调后面的traditional paintings。故填particularly。
4.答案：an
解析：考查冠词。句意：她还发现了历史上女性的非凡故事，比如中国唯一的女皇帝武则天，以及古代军事领袖妇好。leader为可数名词，句中用的单数，前面需用不定冠词修饰，ancient的发音以元音音素开头，用an修饰。故填an。
5.答案：what
解析：考查宾语从句。句意：所有这些发现点燃了她内心分享所学内容的热情。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，用what引导。故填what。
6.答案：introducing
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：她想成为一座文化桥梁，向家乡的人们介绍中国的传统、故事和创新。本句已有谓语wanted，所以introduce用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语she之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式作状语。故填introducing。
7.答案：curiosity
解析：考查词性转换。句意：与此同时，人们对国际文化的好奇心也在不断增长，其中就包括在Montenegro的中国文化。空前是形容词growing，所以空处应填名词，curious的名词形式是curiosity。故填curiosity。
8.答案：to start
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，她决定创办一本双语杂志，专门介绍中国文化和传统。此处是固定搭配，decide to do sth. 意为“决定做某事”。故填to start。
9.答案：topics
解析：考查名词的单复数。句意：每期杂志涵盖历史、文学、艺术等多种主题，并设有茶文化和地方美食专题栏目，让Montenegro的读者了解中国的文化和传统。空前是形容词diverse，所以空处应填名词作宾语，topic为可数名词，根据diverse可知，用复数形式。故填topics。
10.答案：known
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：每期杂志涵盖历史、文学、艺术等多种主题，并设有茶文化和地方美食专题栏目，让Montenegro的读者了解中国的文化和传统。本句已有谓语covers，所以know用非谓语形式，know和宾语China’s culture and traditions之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。故填known。(共49张PPT)
课时作业6 UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·江苏南京学情调研)In the heart of the Kanien’kéha: ka Nation (卡尼恩克哈部族)in Canada，McComber，a native language teacher, reflected on a question raised by Maori (毛利语的) language advocate Sir Tīmoti Kāretu：what was your dream for the future of your language
Kanien’kéha, the Mohawk language, is endangered, and for decades, McComber has worked hard to operate a native language school.At the turn of the century, as it encountered more barriers, McComber looked around the world for help and inspiration, and Kāretu was the answer.“Don’t wait for money or approval; just do the work，” Kāretu told her.It’s the same message Kāretu carried with him decades ago, when te reo Maori, the Maori language, was also on the line.
In the early 1970s, young Maori advocates in New Zealand marched to the government, demanding Maori be taught in all public schools.In 1982, Dame Iritana Tāwhiwhirangi established Kohanga Reo, an engaging language program where Maori was the only language taught, spoken and used both in the classroom and at home, and the courses focused on Maori history and culture.“Grandparents became teachers，”she says.“The difference-maker was that the Kohanga Reo was entirely community-led.Families raised the money to rent classroom spaces, and volunteers planned and taught classes.”
Translated in English as “language nest”， the Kohanga Reo model quickly became an important cultural export and inspired other minority communities worldwide.“Our parents ruled，” a student of McComber’s nest school says.“They wanted to teach us the beauty of our language, our culture, and who we are.And it has given me the confidence to speak and read with ease in both English and Kanien’kéha.”
The model helped communities view the world through their ancestors’ eyes, ensuring the survival of their way of life.“It’s not just about language，”McComber can now answer that question.“It’s everything.”
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。McComber是一位莫霍克语老师，她通过借鉴毛利语保护及传播的经验，利用Kohanga Reo(语言巢)模式来保护濒危的莫霍克语。
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1.Why did McComber turn to Kāretu for help
A.Because Kāretu also spoke Kanien’kéha.
B.Because Kāretu once faced a similar crisis.
C.Because she needed his financial support.
D.Because she desired his tips on language learning.
答案：B
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解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可推知，McComber选择向Kāretu求助的原因是Kāretu曾亲身经历过 “母语濒危” 的相似困境，更能理解她当下的难题，也能提供切实可行的解决办法。故选 B。
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2.What contributed to the success of Kohanga Reo
A.Expansion of public schools.
B.Flexibility of the courses.
C.Rule of the students’ parents.
D.Support from the community.
答案：D
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解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“The difference-maker was that the Kohanga Reo was entirely community-led...volunteers planned and taught classes.”可知，Kohanga Reo完全由社区主导，家庭集资租用教室空间，志愿者策划并教授课程。由此可知，来自社区的支持促成了Kohanga Reo的成功。
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3.What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A.The impact of the Kohanga Reo model.
B.The importance of parents’ involvement.
C.The procedure for building the nest school.
D.The case of a student finding his real identity.
答案：A
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解析：段落大意题。第四段首句的“the Kohanga Reo model quickly became an important cultural export and inspired other minority communities worldwide”是本段的主题句，讲Kohanga Reo模式迅速成为一种重要的文化输出，并激励了世界各地的其他社区。接着引用了McComber学校的一名学生的话，表明在Kohanga Reo模式下，父辈们教授孩子们莫霍克语之美、文化之美，这给予孩子们信心，让他们可以轻松地用英语和莫霍克语说话和阅读。由此可知，第四段主要讲述了Kohanga Reo模式的影响。故选A。
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4.By saying “It’s everything.”， McComber suggests .
A.guaranteeing the survival of their own schools
B.keeping their culture for future generations
C.purifying their unique language
D.practicing the tradition of their ancestors
答案：B
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解析：推理判断题。最后一段讲Kohanga Reo模式帮助社区通过祖先的视角看待世界，确保了他们生活方式的继续存在。McComber说这不仅仅关乎语言，这关乎一切。由此可推断，McComber的话语中隐含的意思是Kohanga Reo模式不仅对保护语言产生影响，还将对后代的生活方式和文化产生影响，所以McComber建议为后代保留他们的文化。故选B。
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Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·江苏南通三模)Growing up, I would constantly ask my parents what new words meant in English when I was reading novels in primary school.Regardless of how much I understood, I returned to these books because reading in itself was 1 .
Of course, looking up every word in a sentence is no fun.So when I was trying to read books in English, I adopted something similar to a weightlifting 2 ： finding my comfort zone, then pushing a bit beyond it, 3 ， and trying again.It did suck at the beginning but it wasn’t long before I could 4 more complexity.I made a goal to 5 material just above my comfortable level; if I felt 6 when I finished, the next book I chose would be a bit harder.If I got frustrated, I dialled down the 7 .
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I embraced practice; the words I could understand were enough to keep me going, even if my 8 wasn’t perfect.Reading turned from self-imposed (自我强加的) “study” to a fun, sustainable 9 .Letting go of the 10 —embracing the fact that I didn’t understand every word—helped me 11 more ground, allowing me to see phrases and vocabulary over and over in hundreds of 12 ， however imperfect.And I became 13 in the stories; I grew 14 of the characters and wanted to know what happened next.
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It’s as though an ocean has opened up before me, and for now I’m just wading (蹚水) in the shallows—knowing that I’ll 15 someday.
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[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过循序渐进的方法克服英语阅读障碍的经历。
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1.A.complex　　　　　　　B.enjoyable
C.demanding D.personal
答案：B
解析：根据“Regardless of how much I understood, I returned to these books(不管我能理解多少，我都会继续看这些书)”可知，作者不断阅读说明阅读本身是令人愉悦的(enjoyable)。
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2.A.movement B.technique
C.routine D.attempt
答案：C
解析：根据冒号后的解释“finding my comfort zone, then pushing a bit beyond it, 3 ， and trying again”可知，作者描述的是举重运动的固定程序(routine)。
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3.A.sharing B.practising
C.quitting D.resting
答案：D
解析：and连接并列的动词可以表示动作的先后顺序。结合常识可知，举重训练的顺序是：找到舒适区→突破→休息(resting)→再次尝试。
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4.A.justify B.create
C.tackle D.skip
答案：C
解析：根据but可知，前后分句为转折关系。前面分句提到一开始很糟糕，由此可以推断后面分句为没过多久问题就解决了，即作者可以应对(tackle)更复杂的材料了。
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5.A.read B.edit
C.supply D.collect
答案：A
解析：全文围绕“阅读”展开。因此，此处表示作者的目标是读(read)难度略高的材料。
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6.A.challenged B.lost
C.confident D.sympathetic
答案：C
解析：根据下文的“the next book I chose would be a bit harder(我接下来选的书就会难一点)”可知，读完一本书后，如果作者感到自信(confident)，才会选择更难的书。
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7.A.difficulty B.intensity
C.effort D.volume
答案：A
解析：前一句提到作者感到自信时会选择难度更大的书，由此推断，作者感到受挫时会降低难度(difficulty)。
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8.A.presentation B.comprehension
C.preparation D.impression
答案：B
解析：此处表示尽管作者的理解(comprehension)并不完美。comprehension和上文的understand相呼应。
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9.A.duty B.habit
C.concept D.trick
答案：B
解析：根据句意“阅读从自我强加的‘学习’转变为一种有趣且可持续的习惯”可知，答案选B。
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10.A.requirements B.mistakes
C.beliefs D.specifics
答案：D
解析：根据破折号后的解释“embracing the fact that I didn’t understand every word(接受我并不能理解每个单词的事实)”可知，作者放下了对细节(specifics)的执念。
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11.A.cover B.regain
C.survey D.describe
答案：A
解析：此处表示放弃细节让作者接触更多内容(cover more ground)。
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12.A.tests B.contexts
C.posts D.courses
答案：B
解析：此处表示在成百上千的语境(contexts)中反复看到短语和词汇。
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13.A.invested B.stuck
C.imaginative D.innovative
答案：A
解析：根据下文的“I grew 14 of the characters and wanted to know what happened next”可知，作者想要知道接下来会发生什么。因此，作者投入了大量的时间和精力(invested)在故事中。
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14.A.envious B.ashamed
C.proud D.fond
答案：D
解析：根据下文的“and wanted to know what happened next”可知，作者逐渐喜欢上(fond)了书中的人物。
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15.A.float B.survive
C.wander D.swim
答案：D
解析：根据上文的“It’s as though an ocean has opened up before me, and for now I’m just wading in the shallows”可知，作者将阅读比作ocean(海洋)，将当前的阅读状态比作“wading in the shallows(在浅水区蹚水)”。浅水区代表初级水平。因此，设空处需要一个与wading形成对比且表示更高水平的词。swim符合语境。
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Ⅲ.语法填空
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自Montenegro的语言和文化爱好者Ivana Milanovic对中文及中国文化的热爱，以及她如何将这份热爱转化为实际行动。
(2025·四川自贡三模)Ivana Milanovic is a language and culture enthusiast from Montenegro. She began studying Chinese at the Confucius Institute in Rome in 2019, and her passion 1. the language soon led her to explore Chinese poetry, philosophy, history and art.
1.答案：for
解析：考查介词。句意：2019年，她开始在罗马孔子学院学习中文，她对这门语言的热爱很快使她探索了中国诗歌、哲学、历史和艺术。此处是固定搭配，passion for意为“对……的热爱”。故填for。
She 2. (fall) in love with Tang poetry, Confucian teachings, and Daoist philosophy. Chinese art, 3. (particular) traditional paintings, amazed her with its elegance. She also discovered the remarkable stories of historical women like Wu Zetian, China’s only female emperor, and Fu Hao, 4. ancient military leader.
2.答案：fell
解析：考查动词的时态。句意：她爱上了唐诗、儒家教义和道家哲学。fall作本句谓语，描述已发生的事，用一般过去时。故填fell。
3.答案：particularly
解析：考查词性转换。句意：中国艺术，尤其是传统绘画，其优雅使她惊叹不已。空处用副词particularly起强调作用，强调后面的traditional paintings。故填particularly。
4.答案：an
解析：考查冠词。句意：她还发现了历史上女性的非凡故事，比如中国唯一的女皇帝武则天，以及古代军事领袖妇好。leader为可数名词，句中用的单数，前面需用不定冠词修饰，ancient的发音以元音音素开头，用an修饰。故填an。
All these discoveries ignited (激发) a passion within her to share 5. she was learning. She wanted to become a cultural bridge,
6. (introduce) Chinese traditions, stories and innovations to people back home. Meanwhile, there is a growing 7. (curious) about international cultures, including China’s in Montenegro. So she decided 8. (start) a bilingual magazine—dedicated to Chinese culture and traditions.
5.答案：what
解析：考查宾语从句。句意：所有这些发现点燃了她内心分享所学内容的热情。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，用what引导。故填what。
6.答案：introducing
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：她想成为一座文化桥梁，向家乡的人们介绍中国的传统、故事和创新。本句已有谓语wanted，所以introduce用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语she之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式作状语。故填introducing。
7.答案：curiosity
解析：考查词性转换。句意：与此同时，人们对国际文化的好奇心也在不断增长，其中就包括在Montenegro的中国文化。空前是形容词growing，所以空处应填名词，curious的名词形式是curiosity。故填curiosity。
8.答案：to start
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，她决定创办一本双语杂志，专门介绍中国文化和传统。此处是固定搭配，decide to do sth. 意为“决定做某事”。故填to start。
Her vision is to create a resource that recounts historical facts and shows the timeless spirit that impacts Chinese civilization. Each issue covers diverse 9. (topic) such as history, literature and art, along with special columns on tea culture and regional cuisines, making China’s culture and traditions 10. (know) to readers in Montenegro. She believes that by tying these threads together, readers will gain a good understanding of how ancient customs continue to influence modern China.
9.答案：topics
解析：考查名词的单复数。句意：每期杂志涵盖历史、文学、艺术等多种主题，并设有茶文化和地方美食专题栏目，让Montenegro的读者了解中国的文化和传统。空前是形容词diverse，所以空处应填名词作宾语，topic为可数名词，根据diverse可知，用复数形式。故填topics。
10.答案：known
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：每期杂志涵盖历史、文学、艺术等多种主题，并设有茶文化和地方美食专题栏目，让Montenegro的读者了解中国的文化和传统。本句已有谓语covers，所以know用非谓语形式，know和宾语China’s culture and traditions之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。故填known。(共40张PPT)
第一部分 教材梳理篇
UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
主题语境　世界上的语言
内容索引
NEIRONGSUOYIN
Part 1　核心考点突破
Part 2　基础知识达标
Part 3　写作能力培优
Part 1　核心考点突破
1.refer vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫……求助于→__________ n.提及，涉及；指称关系；参考；参考书目
(1)refer to指的是；描述；提到；查阅
(2)refer to... as... 把……称作……
(3)in/with reference to关于
reference books/material参考书/参考资料
reference
①(译林选必四U4)As soon as I received the next assignment, I
headed straight for the library to find the ___________ (refer) books I needed for my research.
②他是他所在领域的先驱，被许多年轻的研究人员称为导师。(人物介绍)
He was a pioneer in his field and _____________________________
________________________.
动身前往
reference
referred to as an advisor by
many young researchers
③关于发表演讲，我建议你在发表演讲时不要参考你的笔记本或其他参考资料。(建议信)
__________________ making a speech, I suggest that while making a speech, you should not _____________________________________
___________________.
状语从句的省略
With/In reference to
refer to your notebook orother
reference material
2.base vt.以……为据点；以……为基础 n.底部；根据→_____ adj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的→______ adj.基本的；基础的→_______ n.基础→_________ adv.大体上；基本上
(1)base... on/upon... 把……建立在……的基础上
(2)be based on... 以……为基础
(3)on a daily/regular basis 每天/定期
on the basis of在……的基础上
based
basic
basis
basically
①She built her argument _________ (base) on personal experience and scientific research.
②Working out on a regular ________ (base) and eating healthily are good ways to keep fit.
③正如谚语所言：“独木难成林。”我们的成功是建立在与他人合作的基础上的。(主旨升华)
Just as the saying goes, “One tree doesn’t make a forest.” __________
____________________________________.
based
basis
Our success
is based on/upon cooperation with others
3.major adj.主要的；重要的；大的 vi.主修；专门研究 n.主修课程；主修学生→_________ n.大部分；大多数
(1)major in主修……
(2)a/the majority of大多数
in a/the majority占大多数
①Interested in Chinese characters since childhood, I plan to major _____ calligraphy at university in the future.
majority
in
②据调查，赞成分组学习的学生占大多数。
As surveyed, students in favor of studying in groups ______________
__________.
③大多数人摄入过多脂肪，纤维摄入不足，这对他们的健康很有害。(饮食与健康)
__________________________________________ and not enough fibre, which does great harm to their health.
are in a/the
majority
A/The majority of people take in too much fat
4.means n.方法；方式；途径
a means of一种……的方法(means的单复数同形)
by all means可以；当然行；没问题
by means of借助……手段；依靠……方法
by no means绝不，一点也不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
①Every possible means _______________ (use) to solve this problem so far.
has been used
②通过艰苦的训练和坚持不懈的努力，他于2024年在法国获得了一枚奥运金牌。
He won an Olympic gold medal in France in 2024 _______________
________________________.
③没有你的慷慨帮助和指导，我绝不可能提高我的英语水平。再次感谢你的帮助。(感谢信)
_____________________________________________ without your generous help and guidance. Thanks again for your help.(倒装句)
by means of hard
training and perseverance
By no means could I have improved my English
5.appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值→____________ n.欣赏；感激→_____________ adj.感激的；欣赏的
(1)appreciate (one’s) doing sth. 喜欢/感激(某人)做某事
I would appreciate it if... 如果……我将不胜感激。
(2)express/convey one’s appreciation 表达某人的感激之情
①I would really appreciate your ____________ (reply) to me at your earliest convenience.
appreciation
appreciative
replying
②我写信表达我对你的感激之情，感谢我在伦敦逗留期间你为我所做的一切。(感谢信)
____________________________________________ for what you have done for me during my stay in London.
I’m writing to express/convey my appreciation
6.struggle n.& vi.斗争(fight)；奋斗；搏斗
struggle for... 为……而奋斗；努力争取……
struggle with/against... 与……做斗争
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来
①As an exchange student, for one thing, he struggles _____ language barriers; for another, he struggles _____ academic progress. How determined and devoted he is!
②他挣扎着从地上站起来，扶着墙，踉跄地走出了房子。(动作链描写)
____________________________________, supported himself along the wall and stumbled out of the house.
with
for
He struggled to his feet from the ground
7.equal n.同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的；平等的；相当的；能胜任的 v.与……相等，等于；比得上→__________ n.平等；相等→_________ adv.相等地；同等地；公平地；同样地
be without equal＝have no equal无与伦比
be equal to sth./doing sth. 等于/胜任(做)某事
equal sb./sth. in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事上比得过/敌得过某人/某物
equality
equally
①All students should be treated __________ (equal) regardless of their background.
②From my point of view, her painting skill is _________ equal in capturing the beauty of nature.
③我精通中文而且没有人在教学方法上能比得过我，因此我相信我能胜任教外国人学习中文。(申请信)
I have a good knowledge of Chinese and nobody can _____________
____________________, so I’m confident that __________________
_________________________.
equally
without
equal me in
teaching methods
I am equal to teaching
foreigners to learn Chinese
8.demand n.需求；要求 vt.强烈要求；需要 vi.查问→___________ adj.要求高的
(1)be in (great) demand (迫切)需求
meet/satisfy one’s demands (for...)满足某人(对……)的需求
(2)demand to do sth. 要求做某事
demand that... (should) do sth. 要求……做某事
demanding
①Nowadays science graduates are _____ greater demand because advanced science has created more ___________ (demand) jobs.
②The company is struggling to meet the high __________ (demand) of its clients during the peak season.
③我对你们糟糕的服务很不满意，我要求见经理，并要求立即处理我的投诉。(投诉信)
Dissatisfied with your poor service, I _________________________ and demand that my complaint ________________________.
in
demanding
demands
demand to see the manager
be handled immediately
9.date back (to...)追溯到
date back to＝date from 追溯到……
go back to追溯到……
①_________ (date) from 1933, the South Lake Park in Changchun is located in the southwestern part of Changchun City.
Dating
②中国饮茶文化源远流长，可以追溯到1 000多年前。(传统文化)
→Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history, ________________
________________________ more than 1，000 years ago.(非限制性定语从句)
→Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history ________________
___________________________ more than 1，000 years ago.(现在分词短语作定语)
which dates back
to/dates from/goes back to
dating back
to/dating from/going back to
1.character
The character① in his novel is vivid, with honesty as his core character② traits. These unique characters③ shine through every character④ he writes.
①_____________　②____________　③____________ ④______
n.人物，角色
n.性格，品质
n.特点，特色
n.文字
2.major
Lisa, a psychology major①， chose to major② in the subject because she is passionate about understanding mental health. Last month, she met a major③ challenge: helping a classmate with a major④ anxiety issue, which further deepened her love for her field.
①___________ 　②_________　 ③___________________　
④___________
n.主修学生
vi.主修
adj.主要的，重要的
adj.严重的
3.The company has its base in New York and branch offices all over the world.
生义：_________
熟义：n.基础；根基；底部
n.总部
4.She took a moment to appreciate the artist’s intention behind the abstract painting.
生义：_______________
熟义：vt.欣赏；感激
vt.领会；理解
“be of＋名词”结构
[教材原句]　That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture. 这一书写体系对于团结中国人民和凝聚中华文化具有非常重要的意义。
“be of＋抽象名词”相当于“be＋形容词”，这一结构可以用来说明主语的性质。常见的抽象名词有importance、value、use、help、benefit、significance等，这些名词可用great、little、some、any、no、not、much等修饰，用以说明程度。
①Regular physical activity is beneficial to both your physical and mental health.
→Regular physical activity _______________ both your physical and mental health.
②在我看来，提高人们保护野生植物和动物的意识具有十分重要的意义。(生态保护)
From my point of view, raising people’s awareness of protecting wild plants and animals ________________________.
is of benefit to
is of great significance
③(2025·全国一卷)我真的希望我的建议能有所帮助，会让我们的报纸更加丰富多彩、更具吸引力。
I do hope ___________________________ and will make our newspaper more colorful and appealing.
my suggestions are of help
Part 2　基础知识达标
Ⅰ.语境填空
1.Human beings _____________ (regard) as part of nature and the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature.
2. The tradition _________ (date) back to a hundred years ago is still kept alive today.
3.__________ the previous rounds of talks, no agreement has been reached so far by the two sides.
4.It is widely acknowledged that wisdom and efforts are ___________
(equal) important for success.
are regarded
dating
Despite
equally
5.Some experts say that like running, race walking is physically _____________ (demand).
6. The gold medal will be awarded to __________ wins first place in the bicycle race.
7.As a matter of fact, I want to major _____ English in college and to be a bridge between China and the world.
demanding
whoever
in
8.Hearing that he won first place, he struggled _________ (hold) back his tears of excitement.
to hold
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.我知道你对篮球感兴趣，而且我们的篮球俱乐部需要新成员，所以我写信邀请你加入。
I know you’re interested in basketball and new members __________
_______ in our basketball club, so ____________________________.
2.比赛在即，教练要求我们做好充分的准备，每天努力练习。
The match is approaching. Our coach demanded that _____________
__________________________________ every day.
are in
demand
I’m writing to invite you to join it
we should
get fully prepared and practice hard
3.如果你能考虑我的邀请，我将不胜感激。我们期待着你的加入。
________________________________________________________
______________. We are expecting your joining.
I would appreciate it if you could take my invitation into
consideration
Part 3　写作能力培优
培优1　应用文增分练 ——个人兴趣
根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。
As a Russian, Clery can speak standard Chinese, though his native language is Russian. In addition, he has studied Chinese characters and now ①____________________________ (擅长书法).
is good at calligraphy
He especially enjoys (用本单元词汇替换黑体词：②___________) classic Chinese literature and regards it ③_____ his major research subject, so he tries every way (用本单元词汇替换黑体词： ④_______) to refer to Chinese classics ⑤________ (base) on ancient Chinese culture. Clery cares about ⑥_____________ (全球事务) and has a positive attitude towards life. In his semester paper, he gives a specific ⑦ _________________ (describe) of man’s demands and ⑧_______________________ (为争取平等权利的斗争).
appreciates
as
means
based
global affairs
description
struggles for equal rights
教材语料运用　【与狼对峙】
马克正沿着山路骑行，这时他看到一只狼张着血盆大口追赶他。他的恐惧无以言表。他乞求路过的司机帮助他，但是徒劳无果。内心充满了恐惧，他从自行车上下来，抓住自行车，用尽全力把自行车扔向狼，尽力把狼吓走。他正要成为狼的盘中餐时，他的朋友们帮助了他。每当他提到这件恐怖的事情时，他仍然感到毛骨悚然。
培优2　读后续写提能练
Mac was pedalling along the mountain road when he 1.________ ________________ (感官动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语), opening its bloody mouth. His fear was beyond description. He begged passing drivers to help him, but in vain. 2.__________ (形容词短语作状语), he got off his bike, seized it and threw it at the wolf with all his strength,
saw a
wolf chasing him
Full of fear
3.________________________________ (分词短语作状语). He was about to become the food of the wolf 4.________________________
(时间状语从句). Every time he referred to the horrible thing, he still felt as if 5._______________________ (虚拟语气).
struggling to frighten the wolf away
when his friends helped him
his hair had stood on end

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