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核心素养提升(Unit 2)
第一部分　听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
(　　)1.What shape should Macy draw first
[A]An oval.
[B]A circle.
[C]A rectangle.
(　　)2.When did the incident happen
[A]At about 10:00 am.
[B]At about 10:00 pm.
[C]At about 2:00 am.
(　　)3.How did the man probably feel
[A]Disappointed.
[B]Embarrassed.
[C]Excited.
(　　)4.Where does the conversation probably take place
[A]In a bookstore.
[B]In a classroom.
[C]In a library.
(　　)5.What is the woman worried about
[A]She will run out of money.
[B]She doesn’t have enough time.
[C]She dislikes art.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、第7题。
(　　)6.What does the woman want to know from the Customer Service
[A]Where the size -10 jeans are sold.
[B]Whether there are size -10 jeans.
[C]When the size -10 jeans are available.
(　　)7.Where is the Customer Service
[A]Before the Electronics Department.
[B]In front of the entrance.
[C]On the left of the lift.
听第7段材料,回答第8～10题。
(　　)8.Where might the speakers be
[A]At home.
[B]At a gym.
[C]At a community pool.
(　　)9.What does the woman really want to do
[A]Work out.
[B]Take a shower.
[C]Go swimming.
(　　)10.Which season is it now
[A]Summer.
[B]Autumn.
[C]Winter.
听第8段材料,回答第11～13题。
(　　)11.Who might Ms Wilson be
[A]Gloria’s mum.
[B]Gloria’s teacher.
[C]Gloria’s advisor.
(　　)12.What does Gloria need to do to be a top ten student
[A]Pass the final exam.
[B]Do well for the next few months.
[C]Get a 90% on the final exam.
(　　)13.What is the man worried about
[A]Gloria’s getting into college.
[B]Gloria’s social life.
[C]Gloria’s mental health.
听第9段材料,回答第14～16题。
(　　)14.What should the man do today according to the woman
[A]Just take a walk.
[B]Run with a mask on.
[C]Stay at home most of the time.
(　　)15.What is the quality of the air like today
[A]It’s a little smoky.
[B]It’s foggy but clean.
[C]It’s dangerous for people’s health.
(　　)16.Why does the woman probably wear a mask often
[A]Because there is a lot of pollution sometimes.
[B]Because she can’t breathe well in warmer weather.
[C]Because there are often forest fires.
听第10段材料,回答第17～20题。
(　　)17.Who is the speaker
[A]A teacher.
[B]A host.
[C]A guide.
(　　)18.What are the listeners expected to do after meals
[A]Wash up.
[B]Return dishes.
[C]Clean the tables.
(　　)19.What activity is offered on Sunday morning
[A]Sailing.
[B]Horse riding.
[C]Field walking.
(　　)20.What change is made to tomorrow evening’s arrangement
[A]The dancing will be cancelled.
[B]The music will be different.
[C]The special dinner will come last.
第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
If you are planning a trip and have no idea where to go and what to do,we shall present a list of the top 4 places to visit in China.
The Terracotta Army
The Terracotta Army has stayed underground for over 2,000 years.It was in 1974 that some farmers who were digging a well discovered one of the best archeological sites on this planet.Along with the Great Wall,it became the World Cultural Heritage in 1987.
The Forbidden City
The Forbidden City used to be a place where no ordinary people were granted entry.It is an extravagant (奢侈的) example of ancient Chinese architecture,which has more than 8,000 rooms with golden roofs that are painted yellow and red and beautifully designed.The Forbidden City was also the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties.24 emperors lived there.Now it is known as “the Palace Museum” and is the World Cultural Heritage.
Jiuzhaigou Valley
Located in southwest China in the mountains of Sichuan Province,Jiuzhaigou Valley is a beautiful place with waterfalls,villages,trails,and clear icy lakes in colours of green and blue.While off-the-trail exploring and hiking are allowed to some extent,many people choose to take the park’s hop-on hop-off bus which stops in the main scenic (风景优美的) areas and allows the travellers to decide which direction they want to explore by walking.
The Great Wall
The Great Wall of China is a place that everyone must have heard of.It is an admirable achievement of ancient defensive architecture.The wall stretches over 20,000 kilometres and is easily accessible to any travellers in Beijing.
【语篇导读】 本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了中国的四处旅游胜地。
(　　)21.Who first discovered the Terracotta Army
[A]Travellers. [B]Scientists.
[C]Archeologists. [D]Farmers.
(　　)22.What’s special about Jiuzhaigou Valley
[A]People can explore and hike where they want.
[B]No ordinary visitors are granted entry.
[C]It’s the only destination of the four for a natural landscape.
[D]The park’s hop-on hop-off buses are free for the travellers.
(　　)23.How many World Cultural Heritages are mentioned in the passage
[A]One. [B]Three.
[C]Two. [D]Four.
B
When someone is homeless or trying to recover from a natural disaster,they may be in need of a lot of basic necessities of life.While people are often encouraged to donate canned goods,not everyone is thinking about things like shoes.Of course,you can’t go looking for a new job or a home,if you have no shoes to walk in.One woman in Hays,Kansas,took this into consideration,and found a way to help hundreds of people.
Many stores were going out of business,and shoes were selling for as little as $1 per pair.So a woman named Tritt bought up all the remaining shoes at the store—more than 200 pairs—and donated them to flood victims in Nebraska.
Those shoes were then included in a flood relief shipment taken to farmers in Nebraska by Fort Hays State University (FHSU).Tritt,who recently graduated from FHSU’s human resources programme,wanted to “pay it forward”.
“I have been so lucky,”she said.“There have been so many great people in my life who have inspired me.I see so many terrible things in the news.So many people have helped me when I was down.They influenced me so much that I want to help if I can.”
Tritt has a history of charitable (慈善的) acts.She has donated more than 60 bags of school supplies to Hays students,and organised a baby clothes drive and two supply drives for the animal shelter.
“I really feel I have been directed and guided to help people,” she said.“If you can do something for someone else,you need to find a way even if it is a pair of shoes.”
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Tritt给洪水受灾者买鞋并帮助他们的故事。
(　　)24.How did Tritt help flood victims
[A]By sending them food.
[B]By buying them shoes.
[C]By raising money for them.
[D]By helping them find jobs.
(　　)25.What does the underlined phrase “pay it forward” in Paragraph 3 mean
[A]Pay ahead of time.
[B]Save some money.
[C]Pass the love.
[D]Put forward the plan.
(　　)26.What made Tritt volunteer to help those victims
[A]The low price of shoes.
[B]Other people’s influence.
[C]Ideas from her school.
[D]The sad situation of victims.
(　　)27.Which word can best describe Tritt
[A]Caring. [B]Brave.
[C]Clever. [D]Independent.
C
Seismometer (地震仪) stations sense not only ground shaking due to earthquakes but also signals at the surface of our planet,such as storms and—as the researchers discovered—floods.
For this research,scientists turned an earthquake seismometer station near the town of Ahrweiler in Germany into a flood tracking tool.Using seismological information from the time of the event,they can tell people about the disaster in a timely way.
As the town of Ahrweiler took the full force of a flood,scientists found the seismometer exactly showed the track of the flood for one hour.By comparing mathematical models,the researchers were able to estimate (估算) the speed with which the flood moved.In fact,this was the only systematic source of measurable information about how the flood developed because the three present water level stations in the town were out of service early.
As the research shows,this method can provide information that is valuable to track flood for warning and rescue activities.“If the data from that station is available (可用的) and as our research now shows,real time information on the magnitude and speed of the flood will be available as well,”says Dr Michael Dietze at the University of Gottingen.“As 10% of Europe’s surface area is likely to suffer from rapid flooding by rivers,we may want to start thinking about new ways of flood early warning.The present network of water level stations is not enough to be fully prepared for future events,” Dietze adds.
Dietze and his team are working on a plan to discover further areas at risk of flooding and provide them with low-cost “watch tower” seismometer pairs—an effort to cut the losses caused by future floods.Dietze says,“The deadly flood that hit the Ahrweiler in Germany in July 2021 gave a warning to the locals,the government,emergency services and scientists—how much we need to learn to improve the present flood warning systems.”
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现,地震仪可用于洪水监测
预警。
(　　)28.What can be known about Ahrweiler
[A]It saw an earthquake.
[B]It’s turned into a station.
[C]It’s hard hit by a flood.
[D]It praised these scientists.
(　　)29.What do the researchers expect of the seismometer
[A]It’ll provide early warning.
[B]It’ll stop rapid flooding.
[C]It’ll be a tool for a family.
[D]It’ll speed up water supply.
(　　)30.What can we infer from the last paragraph
[A]People will cut the cost of public services.
[B]Efforts should be put into flood control.
[C]The government must save its spending.
[D]The locals have made a plan of action.
(　　)31.Where is this text most likely from
[A]A health report.
[B]A guidebook.
[C]A short story.
[D]A science magazine.
D
A study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) challenges long-held assumptions about human cooperation.Traditionally,cooperation has been studied through repeated interactions that allow individuals to build trust and win-win relationships,adjusting their behaviour based on others’ actions.However,many real-world situations,such as volunteering or donating to crisis relief,involve one-time decisions with no anticipated future interactions.This study,co-authored by Dr Natalie Struwe,Prof Esther Blanco alongside Prof James Walker,explored how individuals cooperate when they only have one opportunity to do so within a social group.
Their experiments involving over 2,000 participants examined the benefits from cooperation in public good provision.Despite increased benefits,there was no significant change in how much individuals were willing to cooperate.As participants did not expect others to cooperate more when benefits increased,they were unlikely to increase their own cooperation efforts—even when the benefits of cooperation doubled.
　　“Our findings highlight a gap in our understanding of cooperative behaviour in single-encounter settings,” said Dr Struwe.“Self-interest conflicts with social interests.With higher benefits from cooperation,however,this conflict is much lower and we would expect to see much higher cooperation rates.But,we were surprised to find that even significantly increased benefits did not lead to greater cooperation efforts.”
“We couldn’t believe the results ourselves at first,double-checked the data several times,and repeated the study with several populations,” said Prof Esther Blanco.“In the end,we gathered nearly 2,000 data points,conducting experiments online with the general population from the UK.No matter what we did,the results remained consistent.Participants were willing to invest about 40% of their available money to boost group earnings,regardless of the setting.”
“Cooperation in one-time situations is more common than we think,” explained Prof James Walker.The study’s results have important implications for encouraging cooperation in urgent,one-time scenarios like disaster relief and highlight the need for a deeper understanding of cooperative behaviour,a defining characteristic of humanity.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了一项研究挑战了长期以来关于人类合作的假设。传统上,合作是通过反复的互动来研究的,而这项研究探讨了当个体在一个社会群体中只有一次合作机会时,他们是如何合作的。
(　　)32.What did the previous study centre on
[A]Cooperation shown in crises.
[B]Interaction boosted by bonds.
[C]Interaction repeated among strangers.
[D]Cooperation based on constant interactions.
(　　)33.What factor may affect participants’ willingness to cooperate
[A]Expectations towards others.
[B]Higher rewards.
[C]Joint efforts of the team.
[D]Interest conflicts.
(　　)34.What is the study’s finding about cooperation levels
[A]They increased regularly.
[B]They varied greatly.
[C]They were relatively stable.
[D]They were unpredictable.
(　　)35.What would be the best title for the article
[A]The Impact of Trust on Cooperation
Decisions
[B]Reevaluating Benefits in Cooperative
Behaviour
[C]Human Interaction: Beyond Long-Term Firm Cooperation
[D]Rethinking Cooperation: Insights from One-Time Decisions
故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
China is one of the countries with the most serious natural disasters in the world.There are many kinds of disasters,with wide distribution,high frequency and heavy losses.In the background of global climate change,major natural disasters occur from time to time.36.　　　 It makes China face even much severe and complex situation.In order to raise public awareness of disaster prevention and minimise the losses,warnings and instructions are given to the public.37.　　　 Let’s have a look.
Fire
When a fire breaks out,smoke threatens mostly.38.　　　 Roll on the ground if you find your clothes on fire.It is too dangerous to take the elevator in this situation,so it is better to use a bundle of rope and safely slide down from the balcony (阳台).Jumping off the building blindly will cause serious injuries.
Mud-rock flow
Rainstorm may cause mud-rock flow,and it’s really dangerous to stay downstream.When you try to escape from it,instead of going along the bottom of the ditch (沟渠),it is much wiser to climb up the mountain horizontally quickly.Please escape from ditch when selecting camping field.It’s important to check the weather when going into the mountain.
Flood
39.　　　 We could use a wooden bed or table to make a raft and tie it to a big tree with a safety rope.We have to prepare food and warm clothes to get through it.
Lightning strike
On cloudy and rainy days,a lightning strike may happen.40.　　　 Of course,you also should stay away from iron tower poles.We need to pay attention to it even when we stay at home.Close the doors,windows and cut off the power.
A.Cut off the power and shut off water sources.
B.Please don’t stand under the tree in such kind of weather.
C.Try to find a higher place,but staying on a roof isn’t a good choice.
D.First you need to take shelter,and then find a gap under the table or bed.
E.Losses caused by natural disasters in China are continuously increasing.
F.They also play a part in popularising the knowledge and self-rescue skills.
G.In that case,please cover your nose and your mouth with a wet towel.
第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳
选项。
When I was driving on the highway,a big storm came.The rain began to beat 　41　 against my car windows.I had to stop and 　42　 my car along the roadside.Sitting in the car with boxes of clothes in the back seat,I was 　43　 of Hurricane Katrina.
Hurricane Katrina hit Houston when I was fourteen years old.I was 　44　 that it would destroy my neighbourhood.　45　 it missed ours,while leaving many parts of the city in ruins.From the TV,I saw a reporter 　46　 the homeless people inside the Houston Astrodome.Many of them were in dirty and 　47　 clothes,and some had no shoes on their feet.I noticed a little boy behind the reporter hugging an old teddy bear.Suddenly,I knew I had to do 　48　.
The next day,my friends 　49　 me at our volunteer club and we came up with a plan
to 　50　 some used toys and give them to the kids at the Astrodome.I hoped they would bring some 　51　 to those homeless kids.We spread the word to our schools and other organisations.Three days later,our club was flooded with new toys! When we 　52　 the Astrodome with our gifts,children 　53　 towards us from all directions.
Bzzzz...My cellphone brought me back to the present.To my joy,the storm had 　54　.
“Hector,we have had more victims because of the tornado.” “Well,I’ve brought a lot of clothes for them.The storm kept me late,but I’ll be there soon!” I turned my car into the suddenly heavy traffic.I knew that any small act of kindness would make a big 　55　.
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了飓风过后,作者及其朋友给无家可归的孩子们送去温暖的故事。作者认为,任何小小的善举都会对社会产生巨大的影响。
(　　)41.[A]gently [B]lazily
[C]heavily [D]merrily
(　　)42.[A]wash [B]repair
[C]check [D]park
(　　)43.[A]reminded [B]informed
[C]warned [D]cleared
(　　)44.[A]curious [B]frightened
[C]sure [D]confident
(　　)45.[A]And [B]So
[C]Or [D]But
(　　)46.[A]contacting [B]observing
[C]interviewing [D]challenging
(　　)47.[A]wet [B]unique
[C]beautiful [D]funny
(　　)48.[A]nothing [B]everything
[C]anything [D]something
(　　)49.[A]greeted [B]joined
[C]called [D]annoyed
(　　)50.[A]invent [B]select
[C]collect [D]produce
(　　)51.[A]comfort [B]freedom
[C]treatment [D]belief
(　　)52.[A]left [B]entered
[C]decorated [D]filled
(　　)53.[A]rushed [B]paced
[C]cycled [D]looked
(　　)54.[A]struck [B]passed
[C]come [D]approached
(　　)55.[A]argument [B]impression
[C]difference [D]balance
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The world’s oceans have reached their hottest level in recorded history over the past several years,supercharging (加剧) extreme weather events,scientists have reported.They found that the hottest recorded years in the oceans 56.　　　　 (occur) since 2015,and that the rate of heating since 1986 was eight times higher than 57.　　 　　 from 1960—1985.Oceans cover 71% of the planet and water can absorb thousands of times more heat than air,58.　　　　 is why 93% of global heating is taken up by seas.
Hotter oceans destroy rainfall patterns,which 59.　　　　 (lead) to floods,droughts and wildfires.Heat also causes seawater 60.　　　　 (expand) and drives up sea levels.Scientists expect about one metre of sea level rise by the end of the 21st century,61.　　　　 (threaten) millions of people.Higher temperatures in the seas are also harming marine (海洋的) life,with 62.　　　　 number of ocean heatwaves increasing 63.　　　　 (sharp).
The study also finds that the sinking of surface waters and upwelling of deeper water are reducing as the seas heat up.This means the surface layer heats up even further and fewer nutrients for marine life are brought up from the 64.　　　　 (deep).
“The oceans reached yet another new record level of warmth in 2020,65.　　　　 a record drop in global carbon emissions.The planet will continue to warm up as long as we emit carbon into the atmosphere,” said Prof Michael Mann of Penn State University.
第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假设你是学生会主席李华,你校邀请地震专家李教授来校做了有关地震防灾知识方面的讲座,请你写一封邮件,把讲座的情况告诉请假未听讲座的交换生Tom,内容包括:
1.讲座的时间、地点;
2.讲座内容;
3.你的看法。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段话,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Emma,a high school student in a small town,was an animal lover and often volunteered at the local animal shelter.One sunny Saturday morning,Emma went to the shelter as usual.She was planning to spend the whole day taking care of the animals there.
When she arrived,she found that a new litter of puppies had just been brought in.They were so cute and tiny,but they seemed a bit scared in the new environment.Emma’s heart went out to them immediately.She started by cleaning their cages and giving them fresh food and water.Then she sat down on the floor and gently picked up one of the puppies.The puppy was shaking a little,but as Emma stroked (抚摸) its soft fur and spoke softly to it,it gradually calmed down.
While Emma was playing with the puppies,an old man with sad eyes walked into the shelter.He was in rags (衣衫褴褛).He looked around and his eyes stopped on the puppies.Emma noticed him and asked if he was interested in adopting (收养) a pet.The old man said he lost his dog a few months ago and had been feeling very lonely ever since.He thought maybe a puppy could bring some joy back into his life.
Emma was very excited to hear that.She showed the old man all the puppies.The old man seemed to like a little brown puppy the most.He said this brown puppy looked so much like the dog he had lost several months ago.He kept stroking the puppy,with his eyes full of affection.But when he asked about the adoption process,he found out that he needed to pay an adoption fee and also provide some proof (证明) of his living conditions.The old man’s face fell.He said he lived a hard life and didn’t have all the necessary papers with him.Emma clearly felt the old man’s disappointment and she was eager to help him.
注意:续写词数应为 150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
　　Emma made a call to the manager of the shelter immediately.
Paragraph 2:
　　A few weeks later,Emma received a letter and some pictures of the dog from the old man.核心素养提升(Unit 2)
第一部分　听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
(　　)1.What shape should Macy draw first
[A]An oval.
[B]A circle.
[C]A rectangle.
(　　)2.When did the incident happen
[A]At about 10:00 am.
[B]At about 10:00 pm.
[C]At about 2:00 am.
(　　)3.How did the man probably feel
[A]Disappointed.
[B]Embarrassed.
[C]Excited.
(　　)4.Where does the conversation probably take place
[A]In a bookstore.
[B]In a classroom.
[C]In a library.
(　　)5.What is the woman worried about
[A]She will run out of money.
[B]She doesn’t have enough time.
[C]She dislikes art.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、第7题。
(　　)6.What does the woman want to know from the Customer Service
[A]Where the size -10 jeans are sold.
[B]Whether there are size -10 jeans.
[C]When the size -10 jeans are available.
(　　)7.Where is the Customer Service
[A]Before the Electronics Department.
[B]In front of the entrance.
[C]On the left of the lift.
听第7段材料,回答第8～10题。
(　　)8.Where might the speakers be
[A]At home.
[B]At a gym.
[C]At a community pool.
(　　)9.What does the woman really want to do
[A]Work out.
[B]Take a shower.
[C]Go swimming.
(　　)10.Which season is it now
[A]Summer.
[B]Autumn.
[C]Winter.
听第8段材料,回答第11～13题。
(　　)11.Who might Ms Wilson be
[A]Gloria’s mum.
[B]Gloria’s teacher.
[C]Gloria’s advisor.
(　　)12.What does Gloria need to do to be a top ten student
[A]Pass the final exam.
[B]Do well for the next few months.
[C]Get a 90% on the final exam.
(　　)13.What is the man worried about
[A]Gloria’s getting into college.
[B]Gloria’s social life.
[C]Gloria’s mental health.
听第9段材料,回答第14～16题。
(　　)14.What should the man do today according to the woman
[A]Just take a walk.
[B]Run with a mask on.
[C]Stay at home most of the time.
(　　)15.What is the quality of the air like today
[A]It’s a little smoky.
[B]It’s foggy but clean.
[C]It’s dangerous for people’s health.
(　　)16.Why does the woman probably wear a mask often
[A]Because there is a lot of pollution sometimes.
[B]Because she can’t breathe well in warmer weather.
[C]Because there are often forest fires.
听第10段材料,回答第17～20题。
(　　)17.Who is the speaker
[A]A teacher.
[B]A host.
[C]A guide.
(　　)18.What are the listeners expected to do after meals
[A]Wash up.
[B]Return dishes.
[C]Clean the tables.
(　　)19.What activity is offered on Sunday morning
[A]Sailing.
[B]Horse riding.
[C]Field walking.
(　　)20.What change is made to tomorrow evening’s arrangement
[A]The dancing will be cancelled.
[B]The music will be different.
[C]The special dinner will come last.
听力原文
第一节
(Text 1)
M:Macy,I’ll teach you how to draw a horse.First,make an oval shape in the middle of the paper.Next,draw a circle on one end—that will become the head.And then,four rectangles.Do you know what those are for
W:I know!They’re legs!
(Text 2)
W:Can you say something on the matter After all,you are the only person who knows what really happened.
M:That’s quite true.I think I can give something valuable.
W:So tell me when did the incident happen
M:At about ten o’clock in the morning.
(Text 3)
M:Lily,there you are!I just walked up to a complete stranger and gave her a hug,because I thought it was you.It was so awkward.
W:I’ve done that before,too.It’s the worst feeling in the world,isn’t it
(Text 4)
W:Excuse me,sir.
M:Yes
W:How many books am I allowed to check out at a time
M:You can borrow five books at a time.But you can’t check out magazines.
(Text 5)
M:Let’s go to the museum.The art museum is full of beautiful artworks.
W:You know,Paul,I am afraid of one thing.
M:What’s that Running out of money
W:No,the museum is free.We’ll run out of time!Half a day is not enough.
第二节
(Text 6)
W:Excuse me.You have a sale on Rough-Kid Jeans,but I don’t see my son’s size.Do you have any size 10’s in the back
M:Sorry,we are sold out of size 10.Customer Service can tell you when we’re getting more size -10 jeans.
W:Customer Service Where’s that
M:Just walk toward the front of the store until you see the Electronics Department.Turn left at Electronics and you’ll see the Customer Service desk on your right,just before the entrance.
W:Thanks a lot.
(Text 7)
W:I need to get in the water.
M:The shower is available,honey...Are you getting ready to go somewhere
W:I mean,I miss being in the water.In the ocean,in the pool...I miss the feeling.And now it’s almost winter.It will be a long time before I can swim again!
M:Don’t be so disappointed!We can find a solution.Isn’t there a community pool nearby
W:Yes,it’s a 15-minute walk away.
M:Why don’t you take swim lessons there until the weather’s warm again
W:But... it’s an outdoor pool,dear.
M:It must be heated,because I’ve seen people practising there when it’s cold out. If you don’t want to be outside,you can join a gym downtown.We can find one that has a pool.
W:Thank you,Mike.That makes me feel so much better!
(Text 8)
M:How are your grades this semester,Gloria I don’t want to put pressure on you,of course,
but I’d love a report.
W:You mean Ms Wilson didn’t tell you
M:No,I’m afraid I haven’t heard from her for months.I was actually starting to get worried.
You are passing,I’m sure.
W:Of course,Dad.And Ms Wilson said that I only need to get a 90% on the final exam to be on the list of the top ten students in the whole school.
M:That’s fantastic!I would love to celebrate this.
W:Not so fast.I still have to pass the final,you know.Even though I only need a 90%,I don’t want to leave anything to chance.And I want to learn everything I can.
M:I’m so proud of you.But if you’re too focused on your studies,you might find it hard to make friends at college in a couple of years.Just take it easy once in a while.
(Text 9)
M:Why do you wear a mask over your mouth all the time
W:Don’t you smell the smoke in the air today
M:Yes,I do... Isn’t that probably from someone’s fireplace
W:Jared,the smell is all over this town.Can’t you see it in the air,too
M:I thought it was just fog.
W:Wrong again!
M:What,is there a forest fire burning nearby
W:No...it’s pretty far away.But it’s large,and the smoke from it is covering the whole town.You should stay inside as much as you can.Today,the air quality is at the “dangerous” level.
M:Oh,but I was just going to start my run.Do you have an extra mask
W:I do,but you shouldn’t run today,in my opinion.Running makes you breathe harder and faster,so you’ll be damaging your lungs more.
M:All right... I’ll wait until the air is less dangerous,then.Back to my original question,though...why are you always wearing a mask,Vicki
W:It’s not all of the time.But during certain seasons—particularly summer and autumn—pollution gets trapped in this huge valley.So I’m more aware of it.
(Text 10)
M:Welcome to this weekend’s course at Helvellyn Hall.I’m James and I’ll be coaching those of you who have chosen the waterskiing lessons.
First of all,I just give you some basic information.All meals will be taken in the dining room.We do not require you to wash up after your meals,or clean the tables,but we would be grateful if you could return all dishes to the kitchen after you have finished eating.
You have already got the programme for the weekend.However,I’m afraid there is a little problem with tomorrow morning’s sailing as the instructor is not available on Saturday this week.I’m sorry about this but those of you who wanted to try your hand at sailing are able to do so on Sunday morning instead.Now,tomorrow morning you could join the field walking group or the one doing horse riding.Perhaps I could ask all of you to sign again for which of these activities you’d like to do tomorrow morning.There is one other change but I’m sure it is one that should please you all.Tomorrow evening as you know we have a special dinner for you followed by some Scottish country dancing.The music,however,is not going to be provided by a disco as advertised but by the well-known Scottish folk group.We are sure you will all enjoy their music very much.
I think that is all the business that I wanted to raise with you now.Has anyone got any questions that they’d like to ask
【答案】 1～5　AABCB　　6～10　CBACB
11～15　BCBCC　　16～20　AABAB
第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
If you are planning a trip and have no idea where to go and what to do,we shall present a list of the top 4 places to visit in China.
The Terracotta Army
The Terracotta Army has stayed underground for over 2,000 years.It was in 1974 that some farmers who were digging a well discovered one of the best archeological sites on this planet.Along with the Great Wall,it became the World Cultural Heritage in 1987.
The Forbidden City
The Forbidden City used to be a place where no ordinary people were granted entry.It is an extravagant (奢侈的) example of ancient Chinese architecture,which has more than 8,000 rooms with golden roofs that are painted yellow and red and beautifully designed.The Forbidden City was also the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties.24 emperors lived there.Now it is known as “the Palace Museum” and is the World Cultural Heritage.
Jiuzhaigou Valley
Located in southwest China in the mountains of Sichuan Province,Jiuzhaigou Valley is a beautiful place with waterfalls,villages,trails,and clear icy lakes in colours of green and blue.While off-the-trail exploring and hiking are allowed to some extent,many people choose to take the park’s hop-on hop-off bus which stops in the main scenic (风景优美的) areas and allows the travellers to decide which direction they want to explore by walking.
The Great Wall
The Great Wall of China is a place that everyone must have heard of.It is an admirable achievement of ancient defensive architecture.The wall stretches over 20,000 kilometres and is easily accessible to any travellers in Beijing.
【语篇导读】 本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了中国的四处旅游胜地。
(　　)21.Who first discovered the Terracotta Army
[A]Travellers. [B]Scientists.
[C]Archeologists. [D]Farmers.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据The Terracotta Army部分中的第二句可知,最先发现兵马俑的是一些农民。故选D。
(　　)22.What’s special about Jiuzhaigou Valley
[A]People can explore and hike where they want.
[B]No ordinary visitors are granted entry.
[C]It’s the only destination of the four for a natural landscape.
[D]The park’s hop-on hop-off buses are free for the travellers.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据Jiuzhaigou Valley部分中的第一句可知,九寨沟是这四处旅游胜地中唯一的自然景观。故选C。
(　　)23.How many World Cultural Heritages are mentioned in the passage
[A]One. [B]Three.
[C]Two. [D]Four.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据The Terracotta Army部分中的最后一句可知,长城和兵马俑被列为世界文化遗产;根据The Forbidden City部分中的最后一句可知,故宫也属于世界文化遗产,因此文中提到了三处世界文化遗产。故选B。
B
When someone is homeless or trying to recover from a natural disaster,they may be in need of a lot of basic necessities of life.While people are often encouraged to donate canned goods,not everyone is thinking about things like shoes.Of course,you can’t go looking for a new job or a home,if you have no shoes to walk in.One woman in Hays,Kansas,took this into consideration,and found a way to help hundreds of people.
Many stores were going out of business,and shoes were selling for as little as $1 per pair.So a woman named Tritt bought up all the remaining shoes at the store—more than 200 pairs—and donated them to flood victims in Nebraska.
Those shoes were then included in a flood relief shipment taken to farmers in Nebraska by Fort Hays State University (FHSU).Tritt,who recently graduated from FHSU’s human resources programme,wanted to “pay it forward”.
“I have been so lucky,”she said.“There have been so many great people in my life who have inspired me.I see so many terrible things in the news.So many people have helped me when I was down.They influenced me so much that I want to help if I can.”
Tritt has a history of charitable (慈善的) acts.She has donated more than 60 bags of school supplies to Hays students,and organised a baby clothes drive and two supply drives for the animal shelter.
“I really feel I have been directed and guided to help people,” she said.“If you can do something for someone else,you need to find a way even if it is a pair of shoes.”
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Tritt给洪水受灾者买鞋并帮助他们的故事。
(　　)24.How did Tritt help flood victims
[A]By sending them food.
[B]By buying them shoes.
[C]By raising money for them.
[D]By helping them find jobs.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,Tritt买下了一家商店所有剩余的鞋子,并把它们捐给了内布拉斯加州的洪水受灾者。故选B。
(　　)25.What does the underlined phrase “pay it forward” in Paragraph 3 mean
[A]Pay ahead of time.
[B]Save some money.
[C]Pass the love.
[D]Put forward the plan.
【答案】 C
【解析】 猜测短语题。根据第四段内容可知,Tritt得到过别人的帮助,并希望把这种互帮互助的精神传递下去。由此可推知,pay it forward意为“把爱传递下去”。故选C。
(　　)26.What made Tritt volunteer to help those victims
[A]The low price of shoes.
[B]Other people’s influence.
[C]Ideas from her school.
[D]The sad situation of victims.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知,是其他人的影响让Tritt自愿去帮助那些受灾者。故选B。
(　　)27.Which word can best describe Tritt
[A]Caring. [B]Brave.
[C]Clever. [D]Independent.
【答案】 A
【解析】 推理判断题。通读全文,尤其是倒数第二段内容可知,Tritt曾多次行善,因此Tritt是一个关心他人的人。故选A。
C
Seismometer (地震仪) stations sense not only ground shaking due to earthquakes but also signals at the surface of our planet,such as storms and—as the researchers discovered—floods.
For this research,scientists turned an earthquake seismometer station near the town of Ahrweiler in Germany into a flood tracking tool.Using seismological information from the time of the event,they can tell people about the disaster in a timely way.
As the town of Ahrweiler took the full force of a flood,scientists found the seismometer exactly showed the track of the flood for one hour.By comparing mathematical models,the researchers were able to estimate (估算) the speed with which the flood moved.In fact,this was the only systematic source of measurable information about how the flood developed because the three present water level stations in the town were out of service early.
As the research shows,this method can provide information that is valuable to track flood for warning and rescue activities.“If the data from that station is available (可用的) and as our research now shows,real time information on the magnitude and speed of the flood will be available as well,”says Dr Michael Dietze at the University of Gottingen.“As 10% of Europe’s surface area is likely to suffer from rapid flooding by rivers,we may want to start thinking about new ways of flood early warning.The present network of water level stations is not enough to be fully prepared for future events,” Dietze adds.
Dietze and his team are working on a plan to discover further areas at risk of flooding and provide them with low-cost “watch tower” seismometer pairs—an effort to cut the losses caused by future floods.Dietze says,“The deadly flood that hit the Ahrweiler in Germany in July 2021 gave a warning to the locals,the government,emergency services and scientists—how much we need to learn to improve the present flood warning systems.”
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现,地震仪可用于洪水监测
预警。
(　　)28.What can be known about Ahrweiler
[A]It saw an earthquake.
[B]It’s turned into a station.
[C]It’s hard hit by a flood.
[D]It praised these scientists.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知,Ahrweiler遭受了猛烈的洪水侵袭。故选C。
(　　)29.What do the researchers expect of the seismometer
[A]It’ll provide early warning.
[B]It’ll stop rapid flooding.
[C]It’ll be a tool for a family.
[D]It’ll speed up water supply.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句及第三段的第一句可知,研究人员希望地震仪可以提供预警信息。故选A。
(　　)30.What can we infer from the last paragraph
[A]People will cut the cost of public services.
[B]Efforts should be put into flood control.
[C]The government must save its spending.
[D]The locals have made a plan of action.
【答案】 B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Dietze说的话可推断,还需把更多精力投入到未来的防洪工作中。故选B。
(　　)31.Where is this text most likely from
[A]A health report.
[B]A guidebook.
[C]A short story.
[D]A science magazine.
【答案】 D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段内容并通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了一项研究发现,地震仪可用于洪水监测预警,故文章可能出自一本科学杂志。故选D。
D
A study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) challenges long-held assumptions about human cooperation.Traditionally,cooperation has been studied through repeated interactions that allow individuals to build trust and win-win relationships,adjusting their behaviour based on others’ actions.However,many real-world situations,such as volunteering or donating to crisis relief,involve one-time decisions with no anticipated future interactions.This study,co-authored by Dr Natalie Struwe,Prof Esther Blanco alongside Prof James Walker,explored how individuals cooperate when they only have one opportunity to do so within a social group.
Their experiments involving over 2,000 participants examined the benefits from cooperation in public good provision.Despite increased benefits,there was no significant change in how much individuals were willing to cooperate.As participants did not expect others to cooperate more when benefits increased,they were unlikely to increase their own cooperation efforts—even when the benefits of cooperation doubled.
　　“Our findings highlight a gap in our understanding of cooperative behaviour in single-encounter settings,” said Dr Struwe.“Self-interest conflicts with social interests.With higher benefits from cooperation,however,this conflict is much lower and we would expect to see much higher cooperation rates.But,we were surprised to find that even significantly increased benefits did not lead to greater cooperation efforts.”
“We couldn’t believe the results ourselves at first,double-checked the data several times,and repeated the study with several populations,” said Prof Esther Blanco.“In the end,we gathered nearly 2,000 data points,conducting experiments online with the general population from the UK.No matter what we did,the results remained consistent.Participants were willing to invest about 40% of their available money to boost group earnings,regardless of the setting.”
“Cooperation in one-time situations is more common than we think,” explained Prof James Walker.The study’s results have important implications for encouraging cooperation in urgent,one-time scenarios like disaster relief and highlight the need for a deeper understanding of cooperative behaviour,a defining characteristic of humanity.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了一项研究挑战了长期以来关于人类合作的假设。传统上,合作是通过反复的互动来研究的,而这项研究探讨了当个体在一个社会群体中只有一次合作机会时,他们是如何合作的。
(　　)32.What did the previous study centre on
[A]Cooperation shown in crises.
[B]Interaction boosted by bonds.
[C]Interaction repeated among strangers.
[D]Cooperation based on constant interactions.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句可知,以往的研究集中在基于持续互动的合作上。故选D。
(　　)33.What factor may affect participants’ willingness to cooperate
[A]Expectations towards others.
[B]Higher rewards.
[C]Joint efforts of the team.
[D]Interest conflicts.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知,对他人的期望可能影响参与者的合作意愿。故选A。
(　　)34.What is the study’s finding about cooperation levels
[A]They increased regularly.
[B]They varied greatly.
[C]They were relatively stable.
[D]They were unpredictable.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知,研究发现合作水平相对稳定。故选C。
(　　)35.What would be the best title for the article
[A]The Impact of Trust on Cooperation
Decisions
[B]Reevaluating Benefits in Cooperative
Behaviour
[C]Human Interaction: Beyond Long-Term Firm Cooperation
[D]Rethinking Cooperation: Insights from One-Time Decisions
【答案】 D
【解析】 标题归纳题。根据第一段内容及最后一段内容可知,文章主要围绕一次性决策中的合作展开,对合作进行了重新思考。D项能概括文章内容,最适合作本文的标题。
故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
China is one of the countries with the most serious natural disasters in the world.There are many kinds of disasters,with wide distribution,high frequency and heavy losses.In the background of global climate change,major natural disasters occur from time to time.36.　　　 It makes China face even much severe and complex situation.In order to raise public awareness of disaster prevention and minimise the losses,warnings and instructions are given to the public.37.　　　 Let’s have a look.
Fire
When a fire breaks out,smoke threatens mostly.38.　　　 Roll on the ground if you find your clothes on fire.It is too dangerous to take the elevator in this situation,so it is better to use a bundle of rope and safely slide down from the balcony (阳台).Jumping off the building blindly will cause serious injuries.
Mud-rock flow
Rainstorm may cause mud-rock flow,and it’s really dangerous to stay downstream.When you try to escape from it,instead of going along the bottom of the ditch (沟渠),it is much wiser to climb up the mountain horizontally quickly.Please escape from ditch when selecting camping field.It’s important to check the weather when going into the mountain.
Flood
39.　　　 We could use a wooden bed or table to make a raft and tie it to a big tree with a safety rope.We have to prepare food and warm clothes to get through it.
Lightning strike
On cloudy and rainy days,a lightning strike may happen.40.　　　 Of course,you also should stay away from iron tower poles.We need to pay attention to it even when we stay at home.Close the doors,windows and cut off the power.
A.Cut off the power and shut off water sources.
B.Please don’t stand under the tree in such kind of weather.
C.Try to find a higher place,but staying on a roof isn’t a good choice.
D.First you need to take shelter,and then find a gap under the table or bed.
E.Losses caused by natural disasters in China are continuously increasing.
F.They also play a part in popularising the knowledge and self-rescue skills.
G.In that case,please cover your nose and your mouth with a wet towel.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了几种重大自然灾害下的防灾自救知识。
36.【答案】 E
【解析】 由空前一句和空后一句可知,E项承接上文“重大自然灾害时常发生”,并引出下文“这使得中国面临更严峻和复杂的形势”。故选E。
37.【答案】 F
【解析】 空前一句说明要给出警告和指示以提高公众防治灾害和减少损害的意识,F项与前文为并列关系,说明了警告和指示的作用。选项中的They指代上文中的warnings and instructions。故选F。
38.【答案】 G
【解析】 空前说明当火灾发生时,烟雾危害最大,G项是火灾发生时避免烟雾威胁的措施。故选G。
39.【答案】 C
【解析】 结合小标题Flood可知,本段主要讲述洪水来临时的自救方法。C项为洪水来临时的自救方法,符合文意。故选C。
40.【答案】 B
【解析】 由空前一句和小标题可知,本段主要讲述下雨天避免雷击的方法。B项符合此处语境,说明下雨天站在树下十分危险。故选B。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳
选项。
When I was driving on the highway,a big storm came.The rain began to beat 　41　 against my car windows.I had to stop and 　42　 my car along the roadside.Sitting in the car with boxes of clothes in the back seat,I was 　43　 of Hurricane Katrina.
Hurricane Katrina hit Houston when I was fourteen years old.I was 　44　 that it would destroy my neighbourhood.　45　 it missed ours,while leaving many parts of the city in ruins.From the TV,I saw a reporter 　46　 the homeless people inside the Houston Astrodome.Many of them were in dirty and 　47　 clothes,and some had no shoes on their feet.I noticed a little boy behind the reporter hugging an old teddy bear.Suddenly,I knew I had to do 　48　.
The next day,my friends 　49　 me at our volunteer club and we came up with a plan
to 　50　 some used toys and give them to the kids at the Astrodome.I hoped they would bring some 　51　 to those homeless kids.We spread the word to our schools and other organisations.Three days later,our club was flooded with new toys! When we 　52　 the Astrodome with our gifts,children 　53　 towards us from all directions.
Bzzzz...My cellphone brought me back to the present.To my joy,the storm had 　54　.
“Hector,we have had more victims because of the tornado.” “Well,I’ve brought a lot of clothes for them.The storm kept me late,but I’ll be there soon!” I turned my car into the suddenly heavy traffic.I knew that any small act of kindness would make a big 　55　.
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了飓风过后,作者及其朋友给无家可归的孩子们送去温暖的故事。作者认为,任何小小的善举都会对社会产生巨大的影响。
(　　)41.[A]gently [B]lazily
[C]heavily [D]merrily
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据上文“a big storm came”可知,一场暴风雨来了,说明雨下得非常大(heavily)。故选C。
(　　)42.[A]wash [B]repair
[C]check [D]park
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据本句“had to stop”以及“along the roadside”可知,作者根本无法在暴风雨中开车,因此不得不把车停(park)在路边。故选D。
(　　)43.[A]reminded [B]informed
[C]warned [D]cleared
【答案】 A
【解析】 结合下文“of Hurricane Katrina”可知,这场暴风雨让作者想起了(reminded)飓风“卡特里娜”。故选A。
(　　)44.[A]curious [B]frightened
[C]sure [D]confident
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据下文“it would destroy my neighbourhood”可知,飓风袭击了休斯敦,作者害怕(frightened)它会破坏自己居住的社区。故选B。
(　　)45.[A]And [B]So
[C]Or [D]But
【答案】 D
【解析】 结合下文“it missed ours”可知,飓风绕过了作者的社区,上下文为转折关系,but符合语境。故选D。
(　　)46.[A]contacting [B]observing
[C]interviewing [D]challenging
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据空前的“saw a reporter”以及空后的“the homeless people inside the Houston Astrodome”可知,作者在电视上看到一位记者在体育馆里采访(interviewing)那些无家可归的人。故选C。
(　　)47.[A]wet [B]unique
[C]beautiful [D]funny
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据语境可知,很多人穿着又脏又湿的(wet)衣服,一些人连鞋都没有穿。故选A。
(　　)48.[A]nothing [B]everything
[C]anything [D]something
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据上句“I noticed a little boy...an old teddy bear.”可知,作者注意到一个抱着旧泰迪熊的小男孩,他意识到自己必须做些事情(something)。故选D。
(　　)49.[A]greeted [B]joined
[C]called [D]annoyed
【答案】 B
【解析】 结合下文“me at our volunteer club”可知,作者的朋友也加入了(joined)志愿者俱乐部。故选B。
(　　)50.[A]invent [B]select
[C]collect [D]produce
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据本句“The next day...at the Astrodome.”可知,作者他们想收集(collect)一些旧玩具给那些孩子。故选C。
(　　)51.[A]comfort [B]freedom
[C]treatment [D]belief
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据上文可知,作者他们想收集一些旧玩具给那些孩子,希望给他们的生活带来安慰(comfort)。故选A。
(　　)52.[A]left [B]entered
[C]decorated [D]filled
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据下文“children 　53　 towards us from all directions”可知,当作者他们带着礼物进入(entered)体育馆时,孩子们从四面八方飞奔到他们身边。故选B。
(　　)53.[A]rushed [B]paced
[C]cycled [D]looked
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据下文“towards us from all directions”可知,孩子们从四面八方飞奔到(rushed)作者他们身边。故选A。
(　　)54.[A]struck [B]passed
[C]come [D]approached
【答案】 B
【解析】 结合上文“To my joy”可知,暴风雨已经过去了(passed),这让作者很高兴。故选B。
(　　)55.[A]argument [B]impression
[C]difference [D]balance
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据上文“that any small act of kindness”可知,任何一个小小的善举都会产生巨大的影响,make a difference意为“起作用;有影响”。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The world’s oceans have reached their hottest level in recorded history over the past several years,supercharging (加剧) extreme weather events,scientists have reported.They found that the hottest recorded years in the oceans 56.　　　　 (occur) since 2015,and that the rate of heating since 1986 was eight times higher than 57.　　 　　 from 1960—1985.Oceans cover 71% of the planet and water can absorb thousands of times more heat than air,58.　　　　 is why 93% of global heating is taken up by seas.
Hotter oceans destroy rainfall patterns,which 59.　　　　 (lead) to floods,droughts and wildfires.Heat also causes seawater 60.　　　　 (expand) and drives up sea levels.Scientists expect about one metre of sea level rise by the end of the 21st century,61.　　　　 (threaten) millions of people.Higher temperatures in the seas are also harming marine (海洋的) life,with 62.　　　　 number of ocean heatwaves increasing 63.　　　　 (sharp).
The study also finds that the sinking of surface waters and upwelling of deeper water are reducing as the seas heat up.This means the surface layer heats up even further and fewer nutrients for marine life are brought up from the 64.　　　　 (deep).
“The oceans reached yet another new record level of warmth in 2020,65.　　　　 a record drop in global carbon emissions.The planet will continue to warm up as long as we emit carbon into the atmosphere,” said Prof Michael Mann of Penn State University.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了全球海平面上升的现状及其所带来的危害。
56.【答案】 had occurred
【解析】 考查动词的时态。分析句子结构并由时间状语since 2015可知,此处应用完成时。空处是that引导的宾语从句中的谓语,主句谓语found用的是一般过去时,从句时态应用过去完成时。故填had occurred。
57.【答案】 that
【解析】 考查代词。空处是并列成分(主语)之间的比较,than后用that代替主语the rate of heating。故填that。
58.【答案】 which
【解析】 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面整个句子,应用which引导。故填which。
59.【答案】 leads
【解析】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句是非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面整个句子,故谓语用单数形式;从句表述客观真理,应用一般现在时。故填leads。
60.【答案】 to expand
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。cause sb/sth to do sth是固定用法,意为“导致……做某事”。故填to expand。
61.【答案】 threatening
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语,空处用非谓语;sea level rise与threaten之间是主动关系,应用现在分词作结果状语。故填threatening。
62.【答案】 the
【解析】 考查固定搭配。空处表示“……的数量”,应用固定搭配the number of。故填the。
63.【答案】 sharply
【解析】 考查副词。分析句子可知,空处应用副词作状语,修饰increasing。故填sharply。
64.【答案】 depths
【解析】 考查名词。空处应用名词作介词 from的宾语;根据语境可知,空处应用表示“深处”的词,应用depth的复数形式depths。故填depths。
65.【答案】 despite
【解析】 考查介词。根据语境可知,空处表示“尽管”,后接名词性短语,应用despite。故填despite。
第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假设你是学生会主席李华,你校邀请地震专家李教授来校做了有关地震防灾知识方面的讲座,请你写一封邮件,把讲座的情况告诉请假未听讲座的交换生Tom,内容包括:
1.讲座的时间、地点;
2.讲座内容;
3.你的看法。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
Yours,
Li Hua
[写作指导]
　　One possible version:
Dear Tom,
How are you today I’m writing to share with you the information about the speech given by Professor Li.
Professor Li,a famous expert on earthquakes,delivered a speech on how to survive during an earthquake in the school hall on Friday afternoon.From his speech,we have recognised that if one knows how to behave when an earthquake strikes,the chance to survive will be greatly improved.He taught us a lot of self-rescue skills.For example,the most important is to stay calm and quickly move to a safe place.If trapped indoors,stay there and hide under a strong desk or table as a protecting shelter.If outdoors,move into the open air where falling objects are unlikely to strike us.
In summary,the speech is of great help and all of us need to know what to do during an earthquake.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段话,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Emma,a high school student in a small town,was an animal lover and often volunteered at the local animal shelter.One sunny Saturday morning,Emma went to the shelter as usual.She was planning to spend the whole day taking care of the animals there.
When she arrived,she found that a new litter of puppies had just been brought in.They were so cute and tiny,but they seemed a bit scared in the new environment.Emma’s heart went out to them immediately.She started by cleaning their cages and giving them fresh food and water.Then she sat down on the floor and gently picked up one of the puppies.The puppy was shaking a little,but as Emma stroked (抚摸) its soft fur and spoke softly to it,it gradually calmed down.
While Emma was playing with the puppies,an old man with sad eyes walked into the shelter.He was in rags (衣衫褴褛).He looked around and his eyes stopped on the puppies.Emma noticed him and asked if he was interested in adopting (收养) a pet.The old man said he lost his dog a few months ago and had been feeling very lonely ever since.He thought maybe a puppy could bring some joy back into his life.
Emma was very excited to hear that.She showed the old man all the puppies.The old man seemed to like a little brown puppy the most.He said this brown puppy looked so much like the dog he had lost several months ago.He kept stroking the puppy,with his eyes full of affection.But when he asked about the adoption process,he found out that he needed to pay an adoption fee and also provide some proof (证明) of his living conditions.The old man’s face fell.He said he lived a hard life and didn’t have all the necessary papers with him.Emma clearly felt the old man’s disappointment and she was eager to help him.
注意:续写词数应为 150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
　　Emma made a call to the manager of the shelter immediately.
Paragraph 2:
　　A few weeks later,Emma received a letter and some pictures of the dog from the old man.
[情节构建]
情节线 情感线
速读文章定要素 Who Emma (a high school student),an old man,and a litter of puppies 愉快 关心 同情、渴望 激动、兴奋 高兴
When One sunny Saturday morning
Where At the local animal shelter in a small town
What Emma volunteered at the local animal shelter,cared for new puppies,and tried to help an old man adopt one despite his financial difficulties.
明确冲突定主题 Conflict & Clue Conflict:The old man wanted to adopt a puppy to ease his loneliness but faced obstacles due to financial struggles and lack of necessary documents,leaving him disappointed and helpless.Emma wanted to help the old man but was constrained (限制) by the shelter’s adoption rules,prompting her to find a solution. Clue:①The old man said he lost his dog a few months ago and had been feeling very lonely ever since.He thought maybe a puppy could bring some joy back into his life.②But when he asked about the adoption process,he found out that he needed to pay an adoption fee and also provide some proof (证明) of his living conditions.The old man’s face fell.He said he lived a hard life and didn’t have all the necessary papers with him.③Emma clearly felt the old man’s disappointment and she was eager to help him.
Theme Emma’s compassion and her desire to help both animals and people in need
预设问题定走向 Para.1 Emma made a call to the manager of the shelter immediately. Q1:What did Emma explain to the manager about the situation Q2:How did the manager respond to Emma’s request Q3:How did the old man react when learning the news
Para.2 A few weeks later,Emma received a letter and some pictures of the dog from the old man. Q1:What could probably be contained in the old man’s letter Q2:What changes did the puppy bring to the old man Q3:How did Emma feel
　　One possible version:
Emma made a call to the manager of the shelter immediately.She explained the situation to him and asked if there was any way they could help the old man adopt the puppy without all the usual requirements.The manager listened carefully and then said he understood how much the old man needed a companion.After a brief discussion,they decided to make an exception for this special case.Emma was thrilled and quickly went to tell the old man the good news.His face lit up with joy and gratitude as he thanked Emma repeatedly.
With a spring in his step,he left the shelter,the little brown puppy nestled securely in his arms.
A few weeks later,Emma received a letter and some pictures of the dog from the old man.In the letter,he expressed his heartfelt thanks to Emma and the shelter for giving him a new chance at happiness.The pictures showed the puppy enjoying walks in the park,playing in the yard,and lying down on the couch.The puppy looked healthy and happy,and the old man said in the letter that he was joyful and content.Emma smiled as she read the letter and looked at the pictures,knowing that she had made a real difference in someone’s life.
点津:为if引导的宾语从句,其中way后接省略了that的定语从句;
为as引导的时间状语从句;
为with复合结构;
为独立主格结构;
为三个并列的现在分词短语作伴随状语;
为现在分词短语作伴随状语,且包含that引导的宾语从句。

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