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课时作业13 UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·四川蓉城名校联盟考试)Chin was partially paralysed in 2018 after a stroke.For several months, she remained in hospital and began to rebuild her strength and ability to communicate.“At the beginning, I was so weak that I couldn’t even use a wheelchair，”she says.“I realised that I wouldn’t be able to go back to my old life.”
Asking for help was particularly difficult as Chin didn’t want to feel like a burden, but after being recommended a course of therapy (疗法), she started to glimpse a future for herself. She started opening up to other people and one day her social worker suggested she should try a sport.“She mentioned the wheelchair basketball team and I decided to give it a try，”she says.
The first two times Rose Chin arrived at the basketball court as a 65-year-old to try out for the Inverness wheelchair team, she couldn’t make it past the doors.“I looked through the window and just thought：‘I can’t do this，’” she says.“The third time, though, I made myself go through before I could think about it.The team welcomed me with open arms and it’s changed the way I live in my wheelchair ever since.”
Following that successful third attempt onto the court in 2022, Chin was enlisted as part of the 10-person team and began attending weekly training sessions learning how to pass, throw and defend while moving herself in a specially designed chair.“We very quickly became a little family with an online group full of jokes，” she laughs.“I’m the oldest on the team and the youngest is 19 but when I play, age doesn’t come into it—it’s such a pleasure.”
“I feel so independent and I know I will keep playing as long as I can，” she says.“I want us to raise more money to get more equipment so we can encourage others to join.They might be feeling like I was, but I want them to know that there’s opportunity out there—they don’t have to be alone.”
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。Rose Chin在2018年中风后部分瘫痪，经过几个月的住院治疗，她开始恢复体力和交流能力。在社工的建议下，她成为轮椅篮球队的一员，并感受到了团队的温暖与支持。
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1.Why did Chin try out for the wheelchair basketball team
A.She was passionate about the sport.
B.She was inspired by a social worker.
C.She gained the support from the team.
D.She wanted to test the effect of therapy.
答案：B
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解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“one day her social worker suggested she should try a sport” “She mentioned the wheelchair basketball team and I decided to give it a try”可知，社工的建议激发了Chin尝试轮椅篮球的想法。故选B。
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2.What did Chin experience during the first two attempts
A.A mental struggle.
B.A frustrating rejection.
C.A warm welcome.
D.A hard training session.
答案：A
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解析：推理判断题。 根据第三段的“The first two times Rose Chin...couldn’t make it past the doors.” “I looked through the window and just thought：‘I can’t do this，’”可知，Chin前两次来篮球场参加Inverness轮椅队的选拔，她连门都没有进去，她认为她做不成这件事。由此可知，Chin在前两次尝试中经历了思想上的挣扎。故选A。
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3.What does Chin think of the team
A.It relieves her aging anxiety.
B.It feels like a happy family.
C.It has brilliant basketball players.
D.It helps her enjoy some jokes.
答案：B
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解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“We very quickly became a little family with an online group full of jokes”可知，Chin和队友们很快就成了一个小家庭，在一个充满笑话的在线群组里互动。由此可知，Chin认为这支球队感觉像是一个幸福的家庭。故选B。
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4.Which of the following can best describe Chin
A.Modest and cheerful.
B.Talented and creative.
C.Confident and honest.
D.Independent and kind.
答案：D
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解析：推理判断题。 根据最后一段的“I feel so independent and I know I will keep playing as long as I can”和“I want us to raise more money to get more equipment so we can encourage others to join.”可知，Chin是独立且善良的。故选D。
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Ⅱ.阅读七选五
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了如何通过有效策略吸引好运，强调了积极的心态、社交联系、大胆的行动和接受新想法的重要性。
(2025·山东济南质检)Luck can really feel random, and it can be tough to know how to get good luck. Some individuals get in a temporary dilemma where things don’t go as planned. Others may be convinced they can’t catch a lucky break. 1 It can be consistently attracted through effective strategies.
A.These actions help generate ideas.
B.You also bounce back more quickly.
C.Social connections can affect your luck.
D.However, luck is not just a matter of chance.
E.Actually, luck is something you’re born with.
F.Making such a move is tough but well worth it.
G.They are vital to turning opportunities into gains.
1.答案：D
解析：此处需要填过渡句，引出下文运气可能通过有效策略被持续吸引的观点。选项D“然而，运气不仅仅是一个机会问题”恰当地承接了上文提到的运气看似随机且好运难以获得，同时合理地引出了下文的内容。空后的代词it指代D项中的luck。故选D项。
Maintaining a positive mindset allows you to draw in luck. When you expect good things to happen, you are more likely to take risks that could lead to fortunate outcomes. By embracing this positive attitude, you become stronger in the face of challenges. 2 This allows you to try again after failure and find new opportunities.
A.These actions help generate ideas.
B.You also bounce back more quickly.
C.Social connections can affect your luck.
D.However, luck is not just a matter of chance.
E.Actually, luck is something you’re born with.
F.Making such a move is tough but well worth it.
G.They are vital to turning opportunities into gains.
2.答案：B
解析：空前提到拥有积极的心态会使你在面对挑战时更强大，此处应该也要讲拥有积极的心态的好处；结合下文的“这让你在失败后再次尝试并找到新机会”可知，选项B“你也能更快地振作起来”符合语境。空后的代词this指代该句内容，空后的try again 和B项中的bounce back呼应。故选B项。
3 A wider network leads to more opportunities in your pursuit of fortune. According to psychologist Richard Wiseman, the No.1 predictor of how many lucky breaks a person has is how interconnected they are with others. Additionally, the presence of a supportive community and friendships further enhances your chances of experiencing good fortune.
A.These actions help generate ideas.
B.You also bounce back more quickly.
C.Social connections can affect your luck.
D.However, luck is not just a matter of chance.
E.Actually, luck is something you’re born with.
F.Making such a move is tough but well worth it.
G.They are vital to turning opportunities into gains.
3.答案：C
解析：段落主旨句。空后讲述广泛的人际关系网可以带来更多追求好运的机会，心理学家Richard Wiseman的研究表明，一个人拥有的幸运机会的数量的第一个预示物是他们与其他人的联系有多密切；一个支持性的社区和友谊会进一步提高你经历好运的机会。所以该段主要讲社交网络对好运的影响，故选项C“社交联系可以影响你的运气”可以概括本段。
Many lucky breaks occur as a result of bold (大胆自信的) actions. Even if you’re not typically seen as bold, you can still enhance your confidence. For example, if you’re feeling unhappy about your career prospects, polish your resumé (简历) and apply to job listings that interest you. 4 By welcoming risks, you create opportunities for luck to find you.
A.These actions help generate ideas.
B.You also bounce back more quickly.
C.Social connections can affect your luck.
D.However, luck is not just a matter of chance.
E.Actually, luck is something you’re born with.
F.Making such a move is tough but well worth it.
G.They are vital to turning opportunities into gains.
4.答案：F
解析：此处需要填入一个对大胆行动的价值的评价的句子。结合下文“通过欢迎风险，你创造了机会让好运找到你”可知，选项F“采取这样的行动很难，但非常值得”承上启下，符合语境。故选F项。
Luck favors those who are willing to consider new ideas. Being open to new concepts can help put your good-luck train on a new and faster track. But remember: Stay realistic. It’s not just about the mindset but the consequent actions that will be beneficial. 5
A.These actions help generate ideas.
B.You also bounce back more quickly.
C.Social connections can affect your luck.
D.However, luck is not just a matter of chance.
E.Actually, luck is something you’re born with.
F.Making such a move is tough but well worth it.
G.They are vital to turning opportunities into gains.
5.答案：G
解析：根据空前内容可知，此处应该讲述随之发生的有益行动的重要性。选项G“它们对于将机会转化为收益至关重要”符合语境。G项中的they指代空前的the consequent actions that will be beneficial。故选G项。UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES
主题语境　做人与做事
Part 1　核心考点突破
1.respond vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应→response n.回答；回复；反应
(1)respond to对……作出回应或反应；答复
(2)in response to对……的答复；对……的反应
make a/no response to对……作出回应/不予回答
①Don’t respond to any emails requesting personal information, no matter how official they look.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　现在分词短语作后置定语
②These comments came in response (respond) to specific questions often asked by local newsmen.
③我写信是为了回应你上一封信，在信中你要我就如何策划一场以“绿色北京”为主题的俱乐部活动提供建议。(建议信)
I am writing in response to your last letter asking me for advice on how to plan a club activity themed “Green Beijing”.过去分词短语作后置定语
2.appoint vt.任命；委派→appointment n.约会；预约；任命；委任→appointed adj.约定的；指定的
(1)appoint sb. as/to be... 任命某人为……
appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事
(2)have/make an appointment (with sb.)(与某人)约会/预约
①I have to cancel the appointment (appoint) with you, as the manager has appointed me to do (do) a crucial presentation at the meeting and I have to prepare for it.
②You can put the books in the appointed (appoint) place, and other readers can have free access to them.
③得知你已被任命为学生会主席，我真诚地祝贺你。(祝贺信)
Learning that you have been appointed as/to be chairman of the Student Union, I sincerely congratulate you.
④很抱歉我不能陪你去书店，因为我已经预约了牙医。(道歉信)
I am terribly sorry for not accompanying you to the bookstore, for I have made/had an appointment with my dentist.
3.tend vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于→tendency n.趋势；趋向
(1)tend to do sth. 易于做某事；往往会发生某事
(2)have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向
①(2024·全国甲卷)Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend to catch (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety.
②As a Senior 3 student, it is normal that you have a tendency (tend) to get anxious with time going by.
③我写信向手术后小心翼翼照顾我母亲的护士们表示衷心的感谢。(感谢信)
I am writing to express my sincere thanks to the nurses who tended my mother carefully after the operation.
4.scare vt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓→scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→scary adj.吓人的；恐怖的
(1)scare sb. into doing sth. 恐吓某人做某事
scare... away/off 把……吓跑
(2)be scared to do sth. 害怕/不敢做某事
be scared of doing sth. 害怕/不敢做某事
be scared of sb./sth. 害怕某人/某事
be scared to death吓得要死
①The scary (scare) stories at the campfire made the little girl scared of sleeping alone in her tent that night.
②北极熊向我逼近时我非常害怕。我试图用辣椒喷雾把它吓跑，但白费力气。在那一刻，我几乎被吓死了。(场景描写)
I was extremely scared at the approach of the polar bear. I tried to use pepper spray to scare it away/off, but in vain. At that moment, I was nearly scared to death.
③意识到自己的过失后，我胆怯地低下了头，不敢看父亲那张阴云密布的脸。(心理描写)
Having realized my fault, I lowered my head timidly, scared to look/of looking at my father’s cloudy face.(形容词短语作状语)
5.assist vt.帮助；援助→assistance n.帮助；援助→ assistant n.助手；助理
(1)帮助某人做某事
assist sb. with/in sth. 在某方面帮助某人
(2)come/go to one’s assistance来/去援助某人
with the assistance of... 在……的帮助下
①I am writing to convey my sincere gratitude to your shop assistant who came to my assistance when my daughter fainted in your shop.(assist)
②我希望这个活动能帮助外国交换生更多地了解中国文化，并有助于在我们之间建立良好的关系。(活动意义)
I hope the activity can assist foreign exchange students to learn/in learning more about Chinese culture and help build good relationships between us.
③正当这对双胞胎担心他们不能成功地做出一顿美味的母亲节早餐的时候，爸爸来帮他们了。在他们爸爸的帮助下，这对双胞胎成功了，脸上洋溢着快乐的笑容。
When the twins were worried that they couldn’t succeed in making a delicious Mother’s Day breakfast, their father came to their assistance. With the assistance of their father, the twins made it, their faces brimming with happy smiles. 独立主格
6.harm n.& vt.伤害；损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的；不会导致损伤的
(1)do sb. harm/do harm to sb. 对某人有害
There is no harm in doing sth. 做某事无害处。
(2)be harmful to... 对……有害
①The study shows that the medicine is harmful to children but harmless (harm) to adults.
②The burning plastic gave off poisonous gases and they do harm to our health.
→The burning plastic gave off poisonous gases, which are harmful to our health.(harmful; 非限制性定语从句)
③沉迷于网络游戏对我们的身心健康有害。因此，戒掉它没有害处。
Being addicted to online games is harmful to/does harm to our physical and mental health. Therefore, there is no harm in getting rid of it.
1.sharp
We set off at 7：00 sharp① in the morning. When taking a sharp② bend, we heard a sharp③ sound coming from the nearby woods. We cautiously approached the forest and found a cute dog caught in a trap. My friend, with a sharp④ mind, quickly took out a sharp⑤ knife, cut the trap, and rescued the poor dog.
①adv.整点地　②adj.(方向)急转的　③adj.(声音)突然而响亮的　④adj.敏锐的　⑤adj.锋利的
2.operation
The tech firm expanded its operations① to Southeast Asia. Last month, it organized a charity operation② to help remote areas. During the time, one manager suffered from a serious disease and needed a major operation③. His team kept the work smooth until he recovered.
①n.业务　②n.(有组织的)活动，行动　③n.手术
3.tear
Her little brother tore① her favorite toy into pieces, making her eyes fill with tears②.
①vt.撕裂　②n.眼泪；泪水
4.I’ve heard whispers that he’s leaving office next month.
生义：n.传言，谣传
熟义：n.耳语(声)；低语(声)
5.The audience can’t help standing up as the players are running out of their time on the court.
生义：n.球场
熟义：n.庭院
1.“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义
[教材原句]　To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I’m cold, hungry, or tired？对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了，如果他们把生命托付给我，我怎么能拒绝这种信任，说我又冷又饿又累呢？
本句中形容词的比较级与否定词连用，表示最高级含义，意为“没有比……更……的了”。常用的否定词有no、not、never、nothing、nobody、hardly等。
①During the final exam week, I can’t imagine a busier (busy) time than it—there are papers to finish, group projects to discuss, and late-night reviews every day.
②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)我从未见过比Gunter更热心的人，他拥有一颗金子般的心。我也明白了没有什么比向处在困境中的人传递善意更有意义了。(主旨升华)
I have never met a more warm-hearted man than Gunter who has a heart of gold. I have also learned that nothing is more meaningful than passing on kindness to those in trouble.
2.the＋序数词＋n.＋to do
[教材原句]　She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. 她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。
(1)本句中的不定式to be hired... 作后置定语，修饰名词woman。当中心词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰或前面有the only、the last、the right等时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。
(2)在time、way、chance、ability、promise、attempt等名词后，常用不定式作后置定语，表示将要发生的动作。
①There was no signal in that faraway village and all my attempts to contact (contact) you failed.
②这个项目不仅为青少年提供了一个享受一项非常激动人心的运动的机会，而且为我们提供了一个深入了解中国传统文化的好时机。
The program not only offers teenagers a chance to enjoy a very exciting sport, but also provides us with a good time to know more about traditional Chinese culture.
③我能说一口流利的英语，而且我是班上唯一一个作为交换生有出国学习经历的学生。所以我认为我是做这项工作的最佳人选。(申请信)
I can speak English fluently and I am the only student in my class to have the experience of going abroad as an exchange student for further study. So I think I am the best person to do the job.
Part 2　 基础知识达标
Ⅰ.语境填空
1.Knowing basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.
2.From my point of view, it is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them with/by snacks.
3.There is a growing tendency (tend) for people to work at home instead of in the offices.
4.I’d like to make a complaint (complain) to you that the waiter of your hotel served me rudely.
5.(2023·全国乙卷)There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful (harm) gases, such as carbon dioxide.
6.Appointed to be (be) president of the university yesterday, he is giving a speech on the platform now.
7.At the sight of the fierce wolf, Mike felt so scared (scare) that his throat tightened and his knees felt weak.
8.She is always the first staff to go (go) to the office and I think that is why she is promoted so quickly.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.得知一个中国画展览将于下个月在你们画廊举行，我写信申请成为一名志愿者的机会。
Knowing that an exhibition of Chinese paintings will be held at your gallery next month, I am writing to apply for the chance to be a volunteer.
2.如果我被选中，我将耐心回答参观者的问题，并且不遗余力地提供许多有价值的信息。
If chosen, I will respond to visitors’ questions patiently and spare no effort to provide a great deal of valuable information.
3.我不害怕面对各种困难，并且坚信能克服这些困难。
I am not scared to face various hardships and I firmly believe that I will overcome them.
Part 3　写作能力培优
培优1　应用文增分练——人物介绍(一)
根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。
One of my favourite teachers is Mr. Qiu, who is so kind and ①energetic (energy). The past three years ②have seen/witnessed what he has done for us (见证了他为我们的付出；拟人). He often tells us that kindness is the most precious for a person (用“否定词＋形容词比较级”升级黑体部分：③nothing is more precious than kindness for a person). We can’t agree with him more. He is always the first ④to assist us to settle/in settling our troubles (帮助我们解决困难), for which we all admire him a lot. Not only is he ready to help others, but he even devotes a lot of (用本单元词汇替换黑体词： ⑤a great deal of) his spare time to his work. He has tried his best to ⑥carry us through (帮助我们渡过难关) whenever we are in need. Without his ⑦assistance (assist), we couldn’t have done so well.
培优2　读后续写提能练
教材语料运用　【重拾信心】
莉莉绝望地坐在病床边，眼泪顺着她的脸颊流下。她从未感到如此无助。一位和她年龄相仿、名叫丽莎的护士细致入微地照顾她，并且决心帮助她重拾力量和信心，走出这种无助的困境。莉莉的焦虑逐渐被自信取代了。在那一刻，她意识到真正的力量在于他人的帮助，而不是独自承受困境。她柔声低语道：“丽莎， 谢谢你。正是你帮我渡过了难关。”
Lily sat by the hospital bed in despair, 1.tears streaming down her cheeks (独立主格). She’d never felt so helpless. A nurse of her age called Lisa 2.tended (to) her with great care (介词短语) and determined to 3.assist her to regain strength and confidence and step out of such a helpless dilemma. Gradually, Lily’s tension was replaced by confidence. In that moment, she realized that true strength lay in help from others, not in enduring the dilemma alone. She 4.whispered gently (副词), “Lisa, thank you. 5.It is you that/who carry me through the tough situation (强调句).”
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·四川蓉城名校联盟考试)Chin was partially paralysed in 2018 after a stroke.For several months, she remained in hospital and began to rebuild her strength and ability to communicate.“At the beginning, I was so weak that I couldn’t even use a wheelchair，”she says.“I realised that I wouldn’t be able to go back to my old life.”
Asking for help was particularly difficult as Chin didn’t want to feel like a burden, but after being recommended a course of therapy (疗法), she started to glimpse a future for herself.She started opening up to other people and one day her social worker suggested she should try a sport.“She mentioned the wheelchair basketball team and I decided to give it a try，”she says.
The first two times Rose Chin arrived at the basketball court as a 65-year-old to try out for the Inverness wheelchair team, she couldn’t make it past the doors.“I looked through the window and just thought：‘I can’t do this，’” she says.“The third time, though, I made myself go through before I could think about it.The team welcomed me with open arms and it’s changed the way I live in my wheelchair ever since.”
Following that successful third attempt onto the court in 2022, Chin was enlisted as part of the 10-person team and began attending weekly training sessions learning how to pass, throw and defend while moving herself in a specially designed chair.“We very quickly became a little family with an online group full of jokes，” she laughs.“I’m the oldest on the team and the youngest is 19 but when I play, age doesn’t come into it—it’s such a pleasure.”
“I feel so independent and I know I will keep playing as long as I can，” she says.“I want us to raise more money to get more equipment so we can encourage others to join.They might be feeling like I was, but I want them to know that there’s opportunity out there—they don’t have to be alone.”
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。Rose Chin在2018年中风后部分瘫痪，经过几个月的住院治疗，她开始恢复体力和交流能力。在社工的建议下，她成为轮椅篮球队的一员，并感受到了团队的温暖与支持。
1.Why did Chin try out for the wheelchair basketball team
A.She was passionate about the sport.
B.She was inspired by a social worker.
C.She gained the support from the team.
D.She wanted to test the effect of therapy.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“one day her social worker suggested she should try a sport” “She mentioned the wheelchair basketball team and I decided to give it a try”可知，社工的建议激发了Chin尝试轮椅篮球的想法。故选B。
2.What did Chin experience during the first two attempts
A.A mental struggle.
B.A frustrating rejection.
C.A warm welcome.
D.A hard training session.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。 根据第三段的“The first two times Rose Chin...couldn’t make it past the doors.” “I looked through the window and just thought：‘I can’t do this，’”可知，Chin前两次来篮球场参加Inverness轮椅队的选拔，她连门都没有进去，她认为她做不成这件事。由此可知，Chin在前两次尝试中经历了思想上的挣扎。故选A。
3.What does Chin think of the team
A.It relieves her aging anxiety.
B.It feels like a happy family.
C.It has brilliant basketball players.
D.It helps her enjoy some jokes.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“We very quickly became a little family with an online group full of jokes”可知，Chin和队友们很快就成了一个小家庭，在一个充满笑话的在线群组里互动。由此可知，Chin认为这支球队感觉像是一个幸福的家庭。故选B。
4.Which of the following can best describe Chin
A.Modest and cheerful.
B.Talented and creative.
C.Confident and honest.
D.Independent and kind.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。 根据最后一段的“I feel so independent and I know I will keep playing as long as I can”和“I want us to raise more money to get more equipment so we can encourage others to join.”可知，Chin是独立且善良的。故选D。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2025·山东济南质检)Luck can really feel random, and it can be tough to know how to get good luck. Some individuals get in a temporary dilemma where things don’t go as planned. Others may be convinced they can’t catch a lucky break. 1 It can be consistently attracted through effective strategies.
Maintaining a positive mindset allows you to draw in luck. When you expect good things to happen, you are more likely to take risks that could lead to fortunate outcomes. By embracing this positive attitude, you become stronger in the face of challenges. 2 This allows you to try again after failure and find new opportunities.
3 A wider network leads to more opportunities in your pursuit of fortune. According to psychologist Richard Wiseman, the No.1 predictor of how many lucky breaks a person has is how interconnected they are with others. Additionally, the presence of a supportive community and friendships further enhances your chances of experiencing good fortune.
Many lucky breaks occur as a result of bold (大胆自信的) actions. Even if you’re not typically seen as bold, you can still enhance your confidence. For example, if you’re feeling unhappy about your career prospects, polish your resumé (简历) and apply to job listings that interest you. 4 By welcoming risks, you create opportunities for luck to find you.
Luck favors those who are willing to consider new ideas. Being open to new concepts can help put your good-luck train on a new and faster track. But remember: Stay realistic. It’s not just about the mindset but the consequent actions that will be beneficial. 5
A.These actions help generate ideas.
B.You also bounce back more quickly.
C.Social connections can affect your luck.
D.However, luck is not just a matter of chance.
E.Actually, luck is something you’re born with.
F.Making such a move is tough but well worth it.
G.They are vital to turning opportunities into gains.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了如何通过有效策略吸引好运，强调了积极的心态、社交联系、大胆的行动和接受新想法的重要性。
1.答案：D
解析：此处需要填过渡句，引出下文运气可能通过有效策略被持续吸引的观点。选项D“然而，运气不仅仅是一个机会问题”恰当地承接了上文提到的运气看似随机且好运难以获得，同时合理地引出了下文的内容。空后的代词it指代D项中的luck。故选D项。
2.答案：B
解析：空前提到拥有积极的心态会使你在面对挑战时更强大，此处应该也要讲拥有积极的心态的好处；结合下文的“这让你在失败后再次尝试并找到新机会”可知，选项B“你也能更快地振作起来”符合语境。空后的代词this指代该句内容，空后的try again 和B项中的bounce back呼应。故选B项。
3.答案：C
解析：段落主旨句。空后讲述广泛的人际关系网可以带来更多追求好运的机会，心理学家Richard Wiseman的研究表明，一个人拥有的幸运机会的数量的第一个预示物是他们与其他人的联系有多密切；一个支持性的社区和友谊会进一步提高你经历好运的机会。所以该段主要讲社交网络对好运的影响，故选项C“社交联系可以影响你的运气”可以概括本段。
4.答案：F
解析：此处需要填入一个对大胆行动的价值的评价的句子。结合下文“通过欢迎风险，你创造了机会让好运找到你”可知，选项F“采取这样的行动很难，但非常值得”承上启下，符合语境。故选F项。
5.答案：G
解析：根据空前内容可知，此处应该讲述随之发生的有益行动的重要性。选项G“它们对于将机会转化为收益至关重要”符合语境。G项中的they指代空前的the consequent actions that will be beneficial。故选G项。(共41张PPT)
第一部分 教材梳理篇
UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES
主题语境　做人与做事
内容索引
NEIRONGSUOYIN
Part 1　核心考点突破
Part 2　基础知识达标
Part 3　写作能力培优
Part 1　核心考点突破
1.respond vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应→______________ n.回答；回复；反应
(1)respond to对……作出回应或反应；答复
(2)in response to对……的答复；对……的反应
make a/no response to对……作出回应/不予回答
response
①Don’t respond ______ any emails requesting personal information, no matter how official they look.
②These comments came in ______________ (respond) to specific questions often asked by local newsmen.
现在分词短语
作后置定语
to
response
③我写信是为了回应你上一封信，在信中你要我就如何策划一场以“绿色北京”为主题的俱乐部活动提供建议。(建议信)
I am writing ____________________________________________ asking me for advice on how to plan a club activity themed “Green Beijing”.
in response to your last letter
过去分词短语作后置定语
2.appoint vt.任命；委派→_____________ n.约会；预约；任命；委任→___________ adj.约定的；指定的
(1)appoint sb. as/to be... 任命某人为……
appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事
(2)have/make an appointment (with sb.)(与某人)约会/预约
①I have to cancel the _____________ (appoint) with you, as the manager has appointed me ________ (do) a crucial presentation at the meeting and I have to prepare for it.
appointment
appointed
appointment
to do
②You can put the books in the _____________ (appoint) place, and other readers can have free access to them.
③得知你已被任命为学生会主席，我真诚地祝贺你。(祝贺信)
Learning that _____________________________________________
the Student Union, I sincerely congratulate you.
④很抱歉我不能陪你去书店，因为我已经预约了牙医。(道歉信)
I am terribly sorry for not accompanying you to the bookstore, for _____________________________________________.
appointed
you have been appointed as/to be chairman of
I have made/had an appointment with my dentist
3.tend vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于→___________ n.趋势；趋向
(1)tend to do sth. 易于做某事；往往会发生某事
(2)have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的倾向
①(2024·全国甲卷)Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend _________ (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety.
tendency
to catch
②As a Senior 3 student, it is normal that you have a ______________ (tend) to get anxious with time going by.
③我写信向手术后小心翼翼照顾我母亲的护士们表示衷心的感谢。(感谢信)
I am writing to express my sincere thanks to the nurses ___________
___________________________________.
tendency
who tended
my mother carefully after the operation
4.scare vt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓→___________ adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→___________ adj.吓人的；恐怖的
(1)scare sb. into doing sth. 恐吓某人做某事
scare... away/off 把……吓跑
(2)be scared to do sth. 害怕/不敢做某事
be scared of doing sth. 害怕/不敢做某事
be scared of sb./sth. 害怕某人/某事
be scared to death吓得要死
scared
scary
①The ___________ (scare) stories at the campfire made the little girl scared _______ sleeping alone in her tent that night.
②北极熊向我逼近时我非常害怕。我试图用辣椒喷雾把它吓跑，但白费力气。在那一刻，我几乎被吓死了。(场景描写)
I ________________________ at the approach of the polar bear. I tried to use pepper spray to ____________________, but in vain. At that moment, I ___________________________.
scary
of
was extremely scared
scare it away/off
was nearly scared to death
③意识到自己的过失后，我胆怯地低下了头，不敢看父亲那张阴云密布的脸。(心理描写)
Having realized my fault, I lowered my head timidly, _____________
_____________________________________. (形容词短语作状语)
scared to
look/of looking at my father’s cloudy face
5.assist vt.帮助；援助→____________ n.帮助；援助→ ____________ n.助手；助理
assistance
assistant
①I am writing to convey my sincere gratitude to your shop ____________ who came to my ____________ when my daughter fainted in your shop.(assist)
②我希望这个活动能帮助外国交换生更多地了解中国文化，并有助于在我们之间建立良好的关系。(活动意义)
_____________________________________________________________________________________ and help build good relationships between us.
assistant　 assistance
I hope the activity can assist foreign exchange students to learn/in learning more about Chinese culture
③正当这对双胞胎担心他们不能成功地做出一顿美味的母亲节早餐的时候，爸爸来帮他们了。在他们爸爸的帮助下，这对双胞胎成功了，脸上洋溢着快乐的笑容。
When the twins were worried that they couldn’t succeed in making a delicious Mother’s Day breakfast, their father ___________________. ____________________________, the twins made it, their faces brimming with happy smiles.
came to their assistance
With the assistance of their father
独立主格
6.harm n.& vt.伤害；损害→____________ adj.有害的→ ____________ adj.无害的；不会导致损伤的
(1)do sb. harm/do harm to sb. 对某人有害
There is no harm in doing sth. 做某事无害处。
(2)be harmful to... 对……有害
①The study shows that the medicine is harmful ______ children but _____________ (harm) to adults.
harmful
harmless
to
harmless
②The burning plastic gave off poisonous gases and they do harm to our health.
→The burning plastic gave off poisonous gases, _________________
_______________. (harmful; 非限制性定语从句)
③沉迷于网络游戏对我们的身心健康有害。因此，戒掉它没有害处。
Being addicted to online games __________________________ our physical and mental health. Therefore, _________________________
________________.
which are harmful
to our health
is harmful to/does harm to
there is no harm in
getting rid of it
1.sharp
We set off at 7：00 sharp① in the morning. When taking a sharp② bend, we heard a sharp③ sound coming from the nearby woods. We cautiously approached the forest and found a cute dog caught in a trap. My friend, with a sharp④ mind, quickly took out a sharp⑤ knife, cut the trap, and rescued the poor dog.
①______________________　 ②_____________________　
③______________________ ④_____________________
⑤______________________
adv.整点地　 adj.(方向)急转的　
adj.(声音)突然而响亮的　 adj.敏锐的　
adj.锋利的
2.operation
The tech firm expanded its operations① to Southeast Asia. Last month, it organized a charity operation② to help remote areas. During the time, one manager suffered from a serious disease and needed a major operation③. His team kept the work smooth until he recovered.
①____________　②________________________________
③____________
n.业务　 n.(有组织的)活动，行动
n.手术
3.tear
Her little brother tore① her favorite toy into pieces, making her eyes fill with tears②.
①____________　②_____________________
vt.撕裂　 n.眼泪；泪水
4.I’ve heard whispers that he’s leaving office next month.
生义：________________
熟义：n.耳语(声)；低语(声)
n.传言，谣传
5.The audience can’t help standing up as the players are running out of their time on the court.
生义：____________
熟义：n.庭院
n.球场
1.“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义
[教材原句]　To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I’m cold, hungry, or tired？对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了，如果他们把生命托付给我，我怎么能拒绝这种信任，说我又冷又饿又累呢？
本句中形容词的比较级与否定词连用，表示最高级含义，意为“没有比……更……的了”。常用的否定词有no、not、never、nothing、nobody、hardly等。
①During the final exam week, I can’t imagine a ___________ (busy) time than it—there are papers to finish, group projects to discuss, and late-night reviews every day.
②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)我从未见过比Gunter更热心的人，他拥有一颗金子般的心。我也明白了没有什么比向处在困境中的人传递善意更有意义了。(主旨升华)
I ________________________________________ Gunter who has a heart of gold. I have also learned that __________________________
______________________ to those in trouble.
busier
have never met a more warm hearted man than
nothing is more meaningful
than passing on kindness
2.the＋序数词＋n.＋to do
[教材原句]　She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. 她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。
(1)本句中的不定式to be hired... 作后置定语，修饰名词woman。当中心词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰或前面有the only、the last、the right等时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。
(2)在time、way、chance、ability、promise、attempt等名词后，常用不定式作后置定语，表示将要发生的动作。
①There was no signal in that faraway village and all my attempts _______________ (contact) you failed.
to contact
②这个项目不仅为青少年提供了一个享受一项非常激动人心的运动的机会，而且为我们提供了一个深入了解中国传统文化的好时机。
The program not only offers teenagers a chance _________________
_______________, but also provides us with a good time _________
__________________________________.
to enjoy a very
to know
exciting sport
more about traditional Chinese culture
③我能说一口流利的英语，而且我是班上唯一一个作为交换生有出国学习经历的学生。所以我认为我是做这项工作的最佳人选。(申请信)
I can speak English fluently and I am the only student in my class _______________________________________ as an exchange student for further study. So I think I am _______________________.
to have the experience of going abroad
the best person to do the job
Part 2　基础知识达标
Ⅰ.语境填空
1.Knowing basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly ______ emergencies.
2.From my point of view, it is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them _________ snacks.
3.There is a growing __________ (tend) for people to work at home instead of in the offices.
4.I’d like to make a ___________ (complain) to you that the waiter of your hotel served me rudely.
to
with/by
tendency
complaint
5.(2023·全国乙卷)There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing ___________ (harm) gases, such as carbon dioxide.
6.Appointed __________ (be) president of the university yesterday, he is giving a speech on the platform now.
7.At the sight of the fierce wolf, Mike felt so ___________ (scare) that his throat tightened and his knees felt weak.
harmful
to be
scared
8.She is always the first staff __________ (go) to the office and I think that is why she is promoted so quickly.
to go
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.得知一个中国画展览将于下个月在你们画廊举行，我写信申请成为一名志愿者的机会。
Knowing that an exhibition of Chinese paintings will be held at your gallery next month, I am writing to apply for the chance ___________
______________.
to be a
volunteer
2.如果我被选中，我将耐心回答参观者的问题，并且不遗余力地提供许多有价值的信息。
If chosen, ________________________________________ and spare no effort to provide a great deal of valuable information.
3.我不害怕面对各种困难，并且坚信能克服这些困难。
I _____________________________________ and I firmly believe that I will overcome them.
I will respond to visitors’ questions patiently
am not scared to face various hardships
Part 3　写作能力培优
培优1　应用文增分练——人物介绍(一)
根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。
One of my favourite teachers is Mr. Qiu, who is so kind and ①__________ (energy). The past three years ②_________________
______________________ (见证了他为我们的付出；拟人).
energetic
have seen/witnessed
what he has done for us
He often tells us that kindness is the most precious for a person (用“否定词＋形容词比较级”升级黑体部分：③________________
______________________________). We can’t agree with him more. He is always the first ④_____________________________________
(帮助我们解决困难), for which we all admire him a lot.
precious than kindness for a person
nothing is more
to assist us to settle/in settling our troubles
Not only is he ready to help others, but he even devotes a lot of (用本单元词汇替换黑体词：⑤_________________) his spare time to his work. He has tried his best to ⑥_________________ (帮助我们渡过难关) whenever we are in need. Without his ⑦____________ (assist), we couldn’t have done so well.
a great deal of
carry us through
assistance
教材语料运用　【重拾信心】
莉莉绝望地坐在病床边，眼泪顺着她的脸颊流下。她从未感到如此无助。一位和她年龄相仿、名叫丽莎的护士细致入微地照顾她，并且决心帮助她重拾力量和信心，走出这种无助的困境。莉莉的焦虑逐渐被自信取代了。在那一刻，她意识到真正的力量在于他人的帮助，而不是独自承受困境。她柔声低语道：“丽莎， 谢谢你。正是你帮我渡过了难关。”
培优2　读后续写提能练
Lily sat by the hospital bed in despair, 1.____________________
______________ (独立主格). She’d never felt so helpless. A nurse of her age called Lisa 2._____________________________ (介词短语) and determined to 3.________________________________________
and step out of such a helpless dilemma. Gradually, Lily’s tension was
tended (to) her with great care
tears streaming down
her cheeks
assist her to regain strength and confidence
replaced by confidence. In that moment, she realized that true strength lay in help from others, not in enduring the dilemma alone. She 4._________________ (副词), “Lisa, thank you. 5.______________
_______________________________ (强调句).”
whispered gently
It is you that/who
carry me through the tough situation课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·四川蓉城名校联盟考试)Chin was partially paralysed in 2018 after a stroke.For several months, she remained in hospital and began to rebuild her strength and ability to communicate.“At the beginning, I was so weak that I couldn’t even use a wheelchair，”she says.“I realised that I wouldn’t be able to go back to my old life.”
Asking for help was particularly difficult as Chin didn’t want to feel like a burden, but after being recommended a course of therapy (疗法), she started to glimpse a future for herself.She started opening up to other people and one day her social worker suggested she should try a sport.“She mentioned the wheelchair basketball team and I decided to give it a try，”she says.
The first two times Rose Chin arrived at the basketball court as a 65-year-old to try out for the Inverness wheelchair team, she couldn’t make it past the doors.“I looked through the window and just thought：‘I can’t do this，’” she says.“The third time, though, I made myself go through before I could think about it.The team welcomed me with open arms and it’s changed the way I live in my wheelchair ever since.”
Following that successful third attempt onto the court in 2022, Chin was enlisted as part of the 10-person team and began attending weekly training sessions learning how to pass, throw and defend while moving herself in a specially designed chair.“We very quickly became a little family with an online group full of jokes，” she laughs.“I’m the oldest on the team and the youngest is 19 but when I play, age doesn’t come into it—it’s such a pleasure.”
“I feel so independent and I know I will keep playing as long as I can，” she says.“I want us to raise more money to get more equipment so we can encourage others to join.They might be feeling like I was, but I want them to know that there’s opportunity out there—they don’t have to be alone.”
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。Rose Chin在2018年中风后部分瘫痪，经过几个月的住院治疗，她开始恢复体力和交流能力。在社工的建议下，她成为轮椅篮球队的一员，并感受到了团队的温暖与支持。
1.Why did Chin try out for the wheelchair basketball team
A.She was passionate about the sport.
B.She was inspired by a social worker.
C.She gained the support from the team.
D.She wanted to test the effect of therapy.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“one day her social worker suggested she should try a sport” “She mentioned the wheelchair basketball team and I decided to give it a try”可知，社工的建议激发了Chin尝试轮椅篮球的想法。故选B。
2.What did Chin experience during the first two attempts
A.A mental struggle.
B.A frustrating rejection.
C.A warm welcome.
D.A hard training session.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。 根据第三段的“The first two times Rose Chin...couldn’t make it past the doors.” “I looked through the window and just thought：‘I can’t do this，’”可知，Chin前两次来篮球场参加Inverness轮椅队的选拔，她连门都没有进去，她认为她做不成这件事。由此可知，Chin在前两次尝试中经历了思想上的挣扎。故选A。
3.What does Chin think of the team
A.It relieves her aging anxiety.
B.It feels like a happy family.
C.It has brilliant basketball players.
D.It helps her enjoy some jokes.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“We very quickly became a little family with an online group full of jokes”可知，Chin和队友们很快就成了一个小家庭，在一个充满笑话的在线群组里互动。由此可知，Chin认为这支球队感觉像是一个幸福的家庭。故选B。
4.Which of the following can best describe Chin
A.Modest and cheerful.
B.Talented and creative.
C.Confident and honest.
D.Independent and kind.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。 根据最后一段的“I feel so independent and I know I will keep playing as long as I can”和“I want us to raise more money to get more equipment so we can encourage others to join.”可知，Chin是独立且善良的。故选D。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2025·山东济南质检)Luck can really feel random, and it can be tough to know how to get good luck. Some individuals get in a temporary dilemma where things don’t go as planned. Others may be convinced they can’t catch a lucky break. 1 It can be consistently attracted through effective strategies.
Maintaining a positive mindset allows you to draw in luck. When you expect good things to happen, you are more likely to take risks that could lead to fortunate outcomes. By embracing this positive attitude, you become stronger in the face of challenges. 2 This allows you to try again after failure and find new opportunities.
3 A wider network leads to more opportunities in your pursuit of fortune. According to psychologist Richard Wiseman, the No.1 predictor of how many lucky breaks a person has is how interconnected they are with others. Additionally, the presence of a supportive community and friendships further enhances your chances of experiencing good fortune.
Many lucky breaks occur as a result of bold (大胆自信的) actions. Even if you’re not typically seen as bold, you can still enhance your confidence. For example, if you’re feeling unhappy about your career prospects, polish your resumé (简历) and apply to job listings that interest you. 4 By welcoming risks, you create opportunities for luck to find you.
Luck favors those who are willing to consider new ideas. Being open to new concepts can help put your good-luck train on a new and faster track. But remember: Stay realistic. It’s not just about the mindset but the consequent actions that will be beneficial. 5
A.These actions help generate ideas.
B.You also bounce back more quickly.
C.Social connections can affect your luck.
D.However, luck is not just a matter of chance.
E.Actually, luck is something you’re born with.
F.Making such a move is tough but well worth it.
G.They are vital to turning opportunities into gains.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了如何通过有效策略吸引好运，强调了积极的心态、社交联系、大胆的行动和接受新想法的重要性。
1.答案：D
解析：此处需要填过渡句，引出下文运气可能通过有效策略被持续吸引的观点。选项D“然而，运气不仅仅是一个机会问题”恰当地承接了上文提到的运气看似随机且好运难以获得，同时合理地引出了下文的内容。空后的代词it指代D项中的luck。故选D项。
2.答案：B
解析：空前提到拥有积极的心态会使你在面对挑战时更强大，此处应该也要讲拥有积极的心态的好处；结合下文的“这让你在失败后再次尝试并找到新机会”可知，选项B“你也能更快地振作起来”符合语境。空后的代词this指代该句内容，空后的try again 和B项中的bounce back呼应。故选B项。
3.答案：C
解析：段落主旨句。空后讲述广泛的人际关系网可以带来更多追求好运的机会，心理学家Richard Wiseman的研究表明，一个人拥有的幸运机会的数量的第一个预示物是他们与其他人的联系有多密切；一个支持性的社区和友谊会进一步提高你经历好运的机会。所以该段主要讲社交网络对好运的影响，故选项C“社交联系可以影响你的运气”可以概括本段。
4.答案：F
解析：此处需要填入一个对大胆行动的价值的评价的句子。结合下文“通过欢迎风险，你创造了机会让好运找到你”可知，选项F“采取这样的行动很难，但非常值得”承上启下，符合语境。故选F项。
5.答案：G
解析：根据空前内容可知，此处应该讲述随之发生的有益行动的重要性。选项G“它们对于将机会转化为收益至关重要”符合语境。G项中的they指代空前的the consequent actions that will be beneficial。故选G项。

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