资源简介

UNIT 2 BRIDGING CULTURES
主题语境　跨文化交际
Part 1　核心考点突破
1．comfort n．舒服；安逸；安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物 vt.安慰；抚慰→comfortable adj.舒适的；令人舒服的→comfortably adv.舒服地→uncomfortable adj.不舒服的
(1)be a comfort to sb. 对某人来说是个安慰
in comfort舒适地
to one’s comfort 令人宽慰的是
comfort zone舒适区
(2)comfort sb. with sth. 用某物安慰某人
①Having a warm cup of tea by the fireplace is always a comfort on cold winter nights.
②只有走出我们的舒适区，我们才能真正成长并实现自己的梦想。(主旨升华)
Only if we step out of our comfort zone can we truly grow and fulfil our dreams.
③看到我不舒服，爸爸站起来，走到我跟前，把我揽入怀中用鼓舞人心的话语温柔地安慰我。(情节描写)
Seeing I was uncomfortable, my father rose to his feet, came up to me and gathered me in his arms，comforting me gently with inspiring words. 动作链
2．engage vi.参加；参与(活动) vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣)；雇用→engaged adj.忙于；从事；已订婚的；占线的；使用中的→engagement n．订婚；约定
(1)engage sb. to do sth.雇用某人做某事
engage (sb.) in (使某人)从事；参与
(2)be engaged in忙于；从事
①The father plans to engage a tutor to improve (improve) his daughter’s oral English, making her easily adapt to the new surroundings.
②The program aims to encourage students to engage themselves in making a difference in society.
③尽管忙于学习，但我们高中生也应该抽出一些时间来参加户外运动。(建议信)
Although (we are) engaged in study, we senior high school students should set aside some time to engage (ourselves) in outdoor activities.
3．involve vt.包含；需要；涉及；影响；(使)参加→involved adj.参与的；投入的→involvement n．参与；投入
(1)involve (doing) sth.包含/需要(做)某事
involve oneself in (doing) sth.参与(做)某事
(2)be/get involved in参与；卷入；与……有关联；专注于
①She decided to get involved (involve) in an environmental protection program to raise people’s awareness about climate change and promote sustainable living.
②Joining the school drama club involves performing (perform) on stage with confidence.
③学生应该积极参与社区活动，从中获得成长的经验。(建议信)
Students should actively involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.
4．expectation n．预期；期望；期待→expect vt.期待，期望；预料，预期→expected adj.预期的，预料的→unexpected adj.出乎意料的；意外的→unexpectedly adv.出乎意料地
(1)live up to/meet one’s expectations不负某人所望
beyond/out of one’s expectations出乎某人的意料
(2)expect (sb.) to do sth. 预计/期望(某人)做某事
as expected正如所料；不出所料
①(北师大选必二U6)Reading a book and watching a film are two very different experiences, but it’s normal to have high expectations (expect) when a film of a favourite book is made.
②The unexpected (expect) twist in the movie plot left the audience in shock, eagerly discussing the surprising ending.
③我真的渴望得到这个宝贵的机会，我深信我能达到你的期望。(申请信)
I do desire to obtain this precious opportunity and I hold the strong belief that I can live up to/meet your expectations.
5．expose vt.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于(险境)；揭露→exposure n．接触；体验；暴露；揭露
expose... to... 使……显露/暴露于……
be exposed to 暴露于……；处于……危险中
expose sth. to sb. 向某人揭露某事
①The study shows that there is a direct link between exposure (expose) to the sun and skin cancer, so try to avoid exposing your skin to the sun.
②如今，年轻人过多地接触社交媒体，这可能会对他们的心理健康产生消极的影响。
Young people today are exposed to social media too much，which can have negative impacts on their mental health.
③由于我从小就接触外教，所以我能自如地用英语与他人交流。
Having been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age，I can communicate freely with others in English.
1．firm
Smith manages a technology firm① and it gains recognition for its technological foundation. He maintains a firm② belief that innovation is the key to sustained growth. Additionally, he attaches importance to developing firm③ relationships with partners.
①n.公司　②adj.坚定的　③adj.牢固的
2．dramatic
(1)I was told that I won the competition. Hearing the dramatic① news, my brother came to congratulate me, waving his arms in a dramatic② gesture.
①adj.激动人心的　②adj.夸张做作的
(2)Habitat loss, pesticide use and climate change have caused a dramatic③ drop in wildlife numbers, but a dramatic④ conservation effort has surprisingly slowed the decline.
③adj.突然的，巨大的　④adj.戏剧(般)的
3．Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located.
生义：n.综合大楼
熟义：adj.复杂的；难懂的
1．It was the first time that... “这是……第一次……”
[教材原句]　It was the first time that she had left China. 这是她第一次离开中国。
(1)“It/This/That＋was＋the first/second/... time (that)＋过去完成时”表示“这是某人第一/第二/……次……”。
(2)“It/This/That＋is＋the first/second/... time (that)＋现在完成时”表示“这是某人第一/第二/……次……”。
(3)“It is/was (about/high) time (that)... should do sth./did sth.” 表示“到了……做某事的时间了”，should不能省略。本句型相当于“It is/was (about/high) time for sb. to do sth.”。
①It is the first time that he has left (leave) home, which may account for his deep homesickness.
②那是我第一次在大舞台上向公众发表演讲，所以我既兴奋又紧张。
That was the first time that I had delivered a speech to the public on a big stage, so I was excited and nervous.
③到了政府应该采取有效措施来保护野生动物免于灭绝的时候了。
→It is high time for the government to take effective measures to protect wildlife from extinction．
→It is high time (that) the government should take/took effective measures to protect wildlife from extinction.
2．疑问词＋不定式
[教材原句]　I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things I didn’t know the English names for. 我不得不学习如何使用公共交通工具，如何要到我不知道英语名字的东西。
(1)“疑问词＋不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等句子成分。
(2)在“疑问词＋不定式”结构中，不定式必须用主动式而不能用被动式。
(3)whether后可接不定式，而if后不可以。
①通过这次活动，我们不仅学会了如何植树，而且还更接近了自然。(活动感受)
Through this activity, not only did we learn how to plant trees, but we also got much closer to nature.
②随着熊的走近，我的心狂跳，不知道接下来该怎么办。(紧张表达)
With the bear approaching, my heart raced wildly, not knowing what to do next．
③我正在想是否参加写作比赛，这时英语老师走了过来，告诉我这是展示我才华的好机会。
I was wondering whether to participate in the writing contest when my English teacher came by, telling me that it was a good chance to display my talent.
Part 2　基础知识达标
Ⅰ.语境填空
1．Children need early exposure (expose) to different languages to enhance their cognitive abilities.
2．Chase had determined to live up to the expectations (expect) of the company.
3．Her presentation (present) on climate change impressed the professors with clear data.
4．That was the first time that the city had won (win) the bid to host the Winter Olympics.
5．I realized that it was by getting involved (involve) in the competition that I gained more self-confidence.
6．There is no denying (deny) that globalization has accelerated economic interdependence.
7．Smartphones have dramatically (dramatic) changed how people communicate and access information.
8．Visitors are expected to behave themselves (they) in the museum—no shouting or running.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．该是我们立即采取措施保护海洋不受污染的时候了。
It’s (about/high) time (that) we took/should take immediate measures to protect the ocean from being polluted.
2．关于采取什么措施去保护海洋，我将提出我的看法。
As for what measures to take to protect the ocean, I will present my opinions.
3．我坚信，只要付出巨大努力，结果必将不负众望。
I’m convinced that with intense efforts, the results will meet/live up to our expectations.
4．另外，让自己参与保护海洋。保护海洋就是保护我们自己。(engage)
Besides, engage ourselves in protecting the ocean. To protect the ocean is to protect ourselves.
Part 3　写作能力培优
培优1　应用文增分练——出国留学
根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。
As for studying abroad, opinions vary from person to person. Some people support it. They think students can have access to (用本单元词汇替换黑体词：①expose themselves to) different cultures and ②gain more insights into (获得对……更多的了解) them. There is ③no denying that (不可否认的是) studying abroad can make students learn ④how to cooperate with foreigners (如何与外国人协作). However, others are against it. Tuition fees and living ⑤expenses (expense) are much higher, which can ⑥cost an arm and a leg (花费一大笔钱). Besides, some students may experience ⑦culture shock (文化冲击) and have trouble in ⑧adapting to new surroundings (适应新环境).
培优2　读后续写提能练
教材语料运用　【适应环境之心理描写】
置身于完全陌生的环境中，我被一种无法抗拒的孤独感淹没。我是如此沮丧，以至于我感觉自己好像被扔进了一个黑暗的世界。我整天愁眉不展。幸运的是，热心的同学们真诚地激励我抓住每一个机会参加集体活动，从这些活动中，我收获了许多。渐渐地，我不仅不拘束了，而且增强了自信心。有我的同学们支持我、安慰我，我变得越来越乐观。我的脸上露出了快乐的微笑。
1．Exposed to the completely unfamiliar surroundings (分词短语作状语), I was overwhelmed by an overwhelming sense of loneliness. 2.So depressed was I (倒装句) that I felt as if 3.I were thrown into a world of darkness (虚拟语气). I had a worried frown on my face all day. Luckily, the warm-hearted classmates sincerely motivated me to grasp every chance to participate in group activities, 4.from which I gained a lot (定语从句). Gradually, not only 5.did I feel at home (部分倒装) but I also strengthened my confidence. 6.With my classmates siding with me and comforting me (with复合结构), I became increasingly optimistic. 7.A smile of happiness appeared on my face (无生命名词作主语).
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Ramirez Castaneda, a Colombian biologist, spends her time in the Amazon studying how snakes eat poisonous frogs without getting ill. Although her findings come in many shapes and sizes, she and her colleagues have struggled to get their biological discoveries out to the wider scientific community. With Spanish as her mother tongue, her research had to be translated into English to be published. That wasn’t always possible because of budget or time—and it means that some of her findings were never published.
“It’s not that I’m a bad scientist，” she says.“It’s just because of the language.”
Castaneda is not alone. There are plenty of research in non-English-language papers that get lost in translation, or are never translated.A study looked through more than 400，000 peer-reviewed papers in 16 different languages and found 1，234 studies providing evidence on biodiversity conservation which, because they weren’t in English, may have been overlooked. These included Japanese-language findings on the effectiveness of relocating the endangered Blakiston’s fish owl, the largest owl species.
Some experts argue that for the sake of the bigger picture, scientific knowledge should converge (趋同) into one common language. Science is very globalized and becoming more so, so the use of a global language is enormous for that.
Of course, scientists can work with an English partner, or use a translator—but this ultimately strengthens the cycle of dependency on the global north, leading to inequality in international influence. The specific meanings of words can also pose a problem in translation. For example, it is difficult to find in English one single word to describe forest snakes and frogs in the work Castaneda does with indigenous (本地的) communities in the Amazon.
“So we’re losing observations for science, too，” says Castaneda. “For me, it’s not possible to just have everything translated into English.We need multilingual (用多种语言的) science, and we need people that feel comfortable doing science in their own languages. It could be possible to switch to a world where，say, Chinese, English and Spanish are the three languages of science, just as English, French and German were the languages of science in the 19th century.”
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章以哥伦比亚生物学家Ramirez遭遇的语言问题为例，揭示了目前有很多非英文论文无法被翻译的问题。对此，一些专家主张科学知识应当转换为一个共同的语言——英语。但作者对此并不认同，认为这会导致国际影响力的不平等，并且有些专业术语很难用英语翻译。因此，作者希望建立一个多语种的科学世界。
1．What prevented Castaneda’s discoveries from being more widely known
A．Poor management.
B．The language barrier.
C．Her bad reputation.
D．Opposition from her colleagues.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“With Spanish as her mother tongue, her research had to be translated into English to be published. That wasn’t always possible because of budget or time—and it means that some of her findings were never published.”可知，语言障碍阻止了Castaneda的发现被更广泛地了解。故选B项。
2．What’s the consequence of the dominant focus on English in scientific research
A．Inefficient wildlife conservation.
B．A knowledge gap in the scientific world.
C．A growing interest in non-English papers.
D．Inadequate job opportunities for translators.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Of course，scientists can work with an English partner, or use a translator—but this ultimately strengthens the cycle of dependency on the global north, leading to inequality in international influence.”可推知，科学研究中以英语为主导的结果是会加强对北半球(一些国家)的依赖循环，导致国际影响力的不平等，因此这会在科学界产生知识鸿沟。故选B项。
3．What does the author want to illustrate by mentioning forest snakes and frogs
A．The urgency to protect rare species.
B．The need to adopt one global language.
C．The challenges in translating scientific texts.
D．The biodiversity on the South American continent.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“The specific meanings of words can also pose a problem in translation. For example, it is difficult to find in English one single word to describe forest snakes and frogs...”可知，作者以林蛇和林蛙为例，旨在说明一些科学研究中的文本比较难翻译，即存在挑战。故选C项。
4．What is presented in the last paragraph of the text
A．A potential solution.
B．A theoretical model.
C．A popular belief.
D．A global trend.
答案：A
解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段中的“It could be possible to switch to a world where, say, Chinese, English and Spanish are the three languages of science, just as English, French and German were the languages of science in the 19th century.”可知，本段主要介绍Castaneda希望建立一个多语种的科学世界来解决语言障碍问题。由此可知，本段在介绍一个潜在的解决方案。故选A项。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2025·安徽合肥一模)When others outperform us, should we feel threatened or inspired Should we fear or respect those who are more capable, more skilled or more successful than us？ 1
A study conducted by educational psychologists at Brown University explored how kindergartners in the U. S. and China tell stories about peers who perform better than others. 2 Chinese children often expressed respect for high achievers and a desire to imitate their success. In contrast, U．S. children’s stories typically focused on negative reactions, including envy and being left out.
The findings reflect the cultural narratives (叙述) surrounding achievement in each society. In American culture, the “self” is defined by qualities and abilities, which are largely fixed. Thus, while the achievement of others reflects their high ability, it becomes a mirror to reveal one’s own lack of ability. 3 As a result, Chinese children tend to view others’ achievements not as signs of natural superiority, but as opportunities for learning and self-improvement.
4 In China, students’ overall performance may be publicly recognized to encourage success and motivate further improvement. Teachers even invite outstanding graduates to share their experiences and lessons with current students to promote learning. In the U. S. , such phenomena are less common as they can be seen as threats to self-esteem.
Ultimately, our perceptions and reactions to others’ success are profoundly shaped by cultural narratives surrounding achievement. 5 These narratives, in other words, determine whether we feel threatened or inspired, fearful or respectful, annoyed or eager to copy others.
A．It can be a source of motivation.
B．These cultural differences extend to educational practices.
C．Education facilitates personal growth and social progress.
D．They influence our motivations, relationships and actions.
E. Both groups told detailed stories but showed clear differences in content.
F. Different responses can lead to constructive or destructive reactions and actions.
G. However, Chinese culture stresses abilities and qualities can improve through efforts.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是中美两国儿童面对同伴优异表现时的不同反应及背后的文化差异。
1．答案：F
解析：根据上文的“When others outperform us, should we feel threatened or inspired Should we fear or respect those who are more capable, more skilled or more successful than us？”可知，此处提出别人比我们表现得更好时，我们会做出怎样的回应的问题，结合下文讲述的中美两国对该问题的不同回应可知，此空需要一个能够引出下文的内容，F选项“Different responses can lead to constructive or destructive reactions and actions. (不同的反应可以导致建设性或破坏性的回应和行为)”回应了上文的问题，同时引出下文讲述的内容，符合语境。故选F项。
2．答案：E
解析：根据上文的“A study conducted by educational psychologists at Brown University explored how kindergartners in the U. S. and China tell stories about peers who perform better than others.”可知，此处提到了布朗大学的一项研究，结合下文的“Chinese children often expressed respect for high achievers and... In contrast, U．S. children’s stories typically focused on negative reactions, including envy and being left out.”可知，研究的结果显示中美两国的儿童对此产生了明显的不同，由此可知，此处需要一个具体的描述来引出研究的结果，E选项“Both groups told detailed stories but showed clear differences in content. (两组儿童都讲述了详细的故事，但在内容上显示出了明显的差异)”承接上文提到的研究，且阐述了两国儿童存在的差异性，进而引出下文详细解释两国之间存在的明显差异，符合语境。故选E项。
3．答案：G
解析：根据上文的“In American culture, the ‘self’ is defined by qualities and abilities, which are largely fixed. Thus, while the achievement of others reflects their high ability, it becomes a mirror to reveal one’s own lack of ability.”可知，此处阐述了美国文化对“自我”的定义以及因此带来的影响，结合下文的“As a result, Chinese children tend to view others’ achievements not as signs of natural superiority, but as opportunities for learning and self-improvement.”可知，此处阐述了中国文化对儿童产生的影响，由此可知，此空讲述的与中国文化标准相关，G选项“However, Chinese culture stresses abilities and qualities can improve through efforts. (然而，中国文化强调能力与品质是可以通过努力得到提升的)”讲述的内容与上文的内容为转折关系，且与空后的内容为因果关系，符合逻辑。故选G项。
4．答案：B
解析：此处应为本段的主旨句，结合下文“In China, students’ overall performance may be publicly recognized to encourage success and motivate further improvement. Teachers... In the U.S., such phenomena are less common as they can be seen as threats to self-esteem.”可知，此处讲述的是这种文化差异在教育实践中的不同，B选项“These cultural differences extend to educational practices. (这些文化差异延伸到了教育实践中)”讲述的内容与教育相关，概括了本段的主题，为接下来的具体例子提供了合理的过渡。故选B项。
5．答案：D
解析：根据下文的“These narratives, in other words, determine whether we feel threatened or inspired, fearful or respectful, annoyed or eager to copy others.”可知，此处是对空处内容的另一种表述，D选项“They influence our motivations, relationships and actions. (它们影响着我们的动机、人际关系和行为)”中的they指代的是上文的cultural narratives surrounding achievement，且讲述的内容与下文的内容吻合，符合语境。故选D项。(共35张PPT)
第一部分 教材梳理篇
UNIT 2 BRIDGING CULTURES
主题语境　跨文化交际
内容索引
NEIRONGSUOYIN
Part 1　核心考点突破
Part 2　基础知识达标
Part 3　写作能力培优
Part 1　核心考点突破
1.comfort n.舒服；安逸；安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物 vt.安慰；抚慰→___________ adj.舒适的；令人舒服的→___________ adv.舒服地→______________ adj.不舒服的
(1)be a comfort to sb. 对某人来说是个安慰
in comfort舒适地
to one’s comfort 令人宽慰的是
comfort zone舒适区
(2)comfort sb. with sth. 用某物安慰某人
comfortable
comfortably
uncomfortable
①Having a warm cup of tea by the fireplace is always __ comfort on cold winter nights.
②只有走出我们的舒适区，我们才能真正成长并实现自己的梦想。(主旨升华)
________________________________________ truly grow and fulfil our dreams.
a
Only if we step out of our comfort zone can we
③看到我不舒服，爸爸站起来，走到我跟前，把我揽入怀中用鼓舞人心的话语温柔地安慰我。(情节描写)
Seeing __________________, my father rose to his feet, came up to me and gathered me in his arms，__________________________
______________.
I was uncomfortable
comforting me gently with
inspiring words
动作链
2.engage vi.参加；参与(活动) vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣)；雇用→_________ adj.忙于；从事；已订婚的；占线的；使用中的→___________ n.订婚；约定
(1)engage sb. to do sth.雇用某人做某事
engage (sb.) in (使某人)从事；参与
(2)be engaged in忙于；从事
engaged
engagement
①The father plans to engage a tutor ______________ (improve) his daughter’s oral English, making her easily adapt to the new surroundings.
②The program aims to encourage students to engage themselves ___ making a difference in society.
to improve
in
③尽管忙于学习，但我们高中生也应该抽出一些时间来参加户外运动。(建议信)
______________________________, we senior high school students should set aside some time to________________________________.
Although (we are) engaged in study
engage (ourselves) in outdoor activities
3.involve vt.包含；需要；涉及；影响；(使)参加→_________ adj.参与的；投入的→___________ n.参与；投入
(1)involve (doing) sth.包含/需要(做)某事
involve oneself in (doing) sth.参与(做)某事
(2)be/get involved in参与；卷入；与……有关联；专注于
involved
involvement
①She decided to get _________ (involve) in an environmental protection program to raise people’s awareness about climate change and promote sustainable living.
②Joining the school drama club involves ___________ (perform) on stage with confidence.
③学生应该积极参与社区活动，从中获得成长的经验。(建议信)
Students should ___________________________________________
where they can gain experience for growth.
involved
performing
actively involve themselves in community activities
4.expectation n.预期；期望；期待→_________ vt.期待，期望；预料，预期→_________ adj.预期的，预料的→__________ adj.出乎意料的；意外的→_____________ adv.出乎意料地
(1)live up to/meet one’s expectations不负某人所望
beyond/out of one’s expectations出乎某人的意料
(2)expect (sb.) to do sth. 预计/期望(某人)做某事
as expected正如所料；不出所料
expect
expected
unexpected
unexpectedly
①(北师大选必二U6)Reading a book and watching a film are two very different experiences, but it’s normal to have high __________
(expect) when a film of a favourite book is made.
②The ___________ (expect) twist in the movie plot left the audience in shock, eagerly discussing the surprising ending.
③我真的渴望得到这个宝贵的机会，我深信我能达到你的期望。(申请信)
I do desire to obtain this precious opportunity and I hold the strong belief that I can_____________________________.
expectations
unexpected
live up to/meet your expectations
5.expose vt.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于(险境)；揭露→__________ n.接触；体验；暴露；揭露
expose... to... 使……显露/暴露于……
be exposed to 暴露于……；处于……危险中
expose sth. to sb. 向某人揭露某事
exposure
①The study shows that there is a direct link between __________
(expose) to the sun and skin cancer, so try to avoid exposing your skin ____ the sun.
②如今，年轻人过多地接触社交媒体，这可能会对他们的心理健康产生消极的影响。
Young people today _______________________________，which can have negative impacts on their mental health.
exposure
to
are exposed to social media too much
③由于我从小就接触外教，所以我能自如地用英语与他人交流。
_________________________________________________，I can communicate freely with others in English.
Having been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age
1.firm
Smith manages a technology firm① and it gains recognition for its technological foundation. He maintains a firm② belief that innovation is the key to sustained growth. Additionally, he attaches importance to developing firm③ relationships with partners.
①_______　②__________　③___________
n.公司
adj.坚定的
adj.牢固的
2.dramatic
(1)I was told that I won the competition. Hearing the dramatic① news, my brother came to congratulate me, waving his arms in a dramatic② gesture.
①______________　②________________
(2)Habitat loss, pesticide use and climate change have caused a dramatic③ drop in wildlife numbers, but a dramatic④ conservation effort has surprisingly slowed the decline.
③___________________　④_______________
adj.激动人心的
adj.夸张做作的
adj.突然的，巨大的
adj.戏剧(般)的
3.Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located.
生义：_____________
熟义：adj.复杂的；难懂的
n.综合大楼
1.It was the first time that... “这是……第一次……”
[教材原句]　It was the first time that she had left China. 这是她第一次离开中国。
(1)“It/This/That＋was＋the first/second/... time (that)＋过去完成时”表示“这是某人第一/第二/……次……”。
(2)“It/This/That＋is＋the first/second/... time (that)＋现在完成时”表示“这是某人第一/第二/……次……”。
(3)“It is/was (about/high) time (that)... should do sth./did sth.” 表示“到了……做某事的时间了”，should不能省略。本句型相当于“It is/was (about/high) time for sb. to do sth.”。
①It is the first time that he ______ (leave) home, which may account for his deep homesickness.
②那是我第一次在大舞台上向公众发表演讲，所以我既兴奋又紧张。
That was the first time that _______________________________ on a big stage, so I was excited and nervous.
has left
I had delivered a speech to the public
③到了政府应该采取有效措施来保护野生动物免于灭绝的时候了。
→It is high time__________________________________________
____________________________.
→It is high time__________________________________________
______________________________________.
for the government to take effective measures to protect wildlife from extinction
(that) the government should take/took effective measures to protect wildlife from extinction
2.疑问词＋不定式
[教材原句]　I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things I didn’t know the English names for. 我不得不学习如何使用公共交通工具，如何要到我不知道英语名字的东西。
(1)“疑问词＋不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等句子成分。
(2)在“疑问词＋不定式”结构中，不定式必须用主动式而不能用被动式。
(3)whether后可接不定式，而if后不可以。
①通过这次活动，我们不仅学会了如何植树，而且还更接近了自然。(活动感受)
Through this activity, not only___________________________, but we also got much closer to nature.
did we learn how to plant trees
②随着熊的走近，我的心狂跳，不知道接下来该怎么办。(紧张表达)
With the bear approaching, my heart raced wildly,________________
__________.
③我正在想是否参加写作比赛，这时英语老师走了过来，告诉我这是展示我才华的好机会。
I was wondering ____________________________________ when my English teacher came by, telling me that it was a good chance to display my talent.
not knowing what
to do next
whether to participate in the writing contest
Part 2　基础知识达标
Ⅰ.语境填空
1.Children need early _________ (expose) to different languages to enhance their cognitive abilities.
2.Chase had determined to live up to the ___________ (expect) of the company.
3.Her _______________ (present) on climate change impressed the professors with clear data.
4.That was the first time that the city _________ (win) the bid to host the Winter Olympics.
exposure
expectations
presentation
had won
5.I realized that it was by getting ______________ (involve) in the competition that I gained more self-confidence.
6.There is no __________ (deny) that globalization has accelerated economic interdependence.
7.Smartphones have _____________ (dramatic) changed how people communicate and access information.
8.Visitors are expected to behave __________ (they) in the museum—no shouting or running.
involved
denying
dramatically
themselves
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.该是我们立即采取措施保护海洋不受污染的时候了。
_________________________________________________________________ the ocean from being polluted.
2.关于采取什么措施去保护海洋，我将提出我的看法。
As for ___________________ to protect the ocean, I will present my opinions.
It’s (about/high) time (that) we took/should take immediate measures to protect
what measures to take
3.我坚信，只要付出巨大努力，结果必将不负众望。
I’m convinced that with intense efforts, the results _______________
__________________.
will meet/live up
to our expectations
Part 3　写作能力培优
培优1　应用文增分练——出国留学
根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。
As for studying abroad, opinions vary from person to person. Some people support it. They think students can have access to (用本单元词汇替换黑体词：①___________________) different cultures and ②____________________ (获得对……更多的了解) them. There is ③_______________ (不可否认的是) studying abroad can make students learn ④____________________________ (如何与外
expose themselves to
gain more insights into
no denying that
how to cooperate with foreigners
国人协作). However, others are against it. Tuition fees and living ⑤__________ (expense) are much higher, which can ⑥_________
_______________ (花费一大笔钱). Besides, some students may experience ⑦__________________ (文化冲击) and have trouble in ⑧___________________________ (适应新环境).
expenses
cost an
arm and a leg
culture shock
adapting to new surroundings
教材语料运用　【适应环境之心理描写】
置身于完全陌生的环境中，我被一种无法抗拒的孤独感淹没。我是如此沮丧，以至于我感觉自己好像被扔进了一个黑暗的世界。我整天愁眉不展。幸运的是，热心的同学们真诚地激励我抓住每一个机会参加集体活动，从这些活动中，我收获了许多。渐渐地，我不仅不拘束了，而且增强了自信心。有我的同学们支持我、安慰我，我变得越来越乐观。我的脸上露出了快乐的微笑。
培优2　读后续写提能练
1._________________________________________ (分词短语作状语), I was overwhelmed by an overwhelming sense of loneliness. 2.________________ (倒装句) that I felt as if 3._________________
_______________ (虚拟语气). I had a worried frown on my face all day. Luckily, the warm-hearted classmates sincerely motivated me to grasp every chance to participate in group activities, 4.____________
___________ (定语从句). Gradually, not only 5.________________ (部分倒装) but I also strengthened my confidence. 6._____________
________________________________________ (with复合结构), I became increasingly optimistic. 7.____________________________
__________ (无生命名词作主语).
Exposed to the completely unfamiliar surroundings
So depressed was I
world of darkness
I were thrown into a
gained a lot
from which I
did I feel at home
classmates siding with me and comforting me
With my
on my face
A smile of happiness appeared课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Ramirez Castaneda, a Colombian biologist, spends her time in the Amazon studying how snakes eat poisonous frogs without getting ill. Although her findings come in many shapes and sizes, she and her colleagues have struggled to get their biological discoveries out to the wider scientific community. With Spanish as her mother tongue, her research had to be translated into English to be published. That wasn’t always possible because of budget or time—and it means that some of her findings were never published.
“It’s not that I’m a bad scientist，” she says.“It’s just because of the language.”
Castaneda is not alone. There are plenty of research in non-English-language papers that get lost in translation, or are never translated.A study looked through more than 400，000 peer-reviewed papers in 16 different languages and found 1，234 studies providing evidence on biodiversity conservation which, because they weren’t in English, may have been overlooked. These included Japanese-language findings on the effectiveness of relocating the endangered Blakiston’s fish owl, the largest owl species.
Some experts argue that for the sake of the bigger picture, scientific knowledge should converge (趋同) into one common language. Science is very globalized and becoming more so, so the use of a global language is enormous for that.
Of course, scientists can work with an English partner, or use a translator—but this ultimately strengthens the cycle of dependency on the global north, leading to inequality in international influence. The specific meanings of words can also pose a problem in translation. For example, it is difficult to find in English one single word to describe forest snakes and frogs in the work Castaneda does with indigenous (本地的) communities in the Amazon.
“So we’re losing observations for science, too，” says Castaneda. “For me, it’s not possible to just have everything translated into English.We need multilingual (用多种语言的) science, and we need people that feel comfortable doing science in their own languages. It could be possible to switch to a world where，say, Chinese, English and Spanish are the three languages of science, just as English, French and German were the languages of science in the 19th century.”
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章以哥伦比亚生物学家Ramirez遭遇的语言问题为例，揭示了目前有很多非英文论文无法被翻译的问题。对此，一些专家主张科学知识应当转换为一个共同的语言——英语。但作者对此并不认同，认为这会导致国际影响力的不平等，并且有些专业术语很难用英语翻译。因此，作者希望建立一个多语种的科学世界。
1．What prevented Castaneda’s discoveries from being more widely known
A．Poor management.
B．The language barrier.
C．Her bad reputation.
D．Opposition from her colleagues.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“With Spanish as her mother tongue, her research had to be translated into English to be published. That wasn’t always possible because of budget or time—and it means that some of her findings were never published.”可知，语言障碍阻止了Castaneda的发现被更广泛地了解。故选B项。
2．What’s the consequence of the dominant focus on English in scientific research
A．Inefficient wildlife conservation.
B．A knowledge gap in the scientific world.
C．A growing interest in non-English papers.
D．Inadequate job opportunities for translators.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Of course，scientists can work with an English partner, or use a translator—but this ultimately strengthens the cycle of dependency on the global north, leading to inequality in international influence.”可推知，科学研究中以英语为主导的结果是会加强对北半球(一些国家)的依赖循环，导致国际影响力的不平等，因此这会在科学界产生知识鸿沟。故选B项。
3．What does the author want to illustrate by mentioning forest snakes and frogs
A．The urgency to protect rare species.
B．The need to adopt one global language.
C．The challenges in translating scientific texts.
D．The biodiversity on the South American continent.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“The specific meanings of words can also pose a problem in translation. For example, it is difficult to find in English one single word to describe forest snakes and frogs...”可知，作者以林蛇和林蛙为例，旨在说明一些科学研究中的文本比较难翻译，即存在挑战。故选C项。
4．What is presented in the last paragraph of the text
A．A potential solution.
B．A theoretical model.
C．A popular belief.
D．A global trend.
答案：A
解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段中的“It could be possible to switch to a world where, say, Chinese, English and Spanish are the three languages of science, just as English, French and German were the languages of science in the 19th century.”可知，本段主要介绍Castaneda希望建立一个多语种的科学世界来解决语言障碍问题。由此可知，本段在介绍一个潜在的解决方案。故选A项。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2025·安徽合肥一模)When others outperform us, should we feel threatened or inspired Should we fear or respect those who are more capable, more skilled or more successful than us？ 1
A study conducted by educational psychologists at Brown University explored how kindergartners in the U. S. and China tell stories about peers who perform better than others. 2 Chinese children often expressed respect for high achievers and a desire to imitate their success. In contrast, U．S. children’s stories typically focused on negative reactions, including envy and being left out.
The findings reflect the cultural narratives (叙述) surrounding achievement in each society. In American culture, the “self” is defined by qualities and abilities, which are largely fixed. Thus, while the achievement of others reflects their high ability, it becomes a mirror to reveal one’s own lack of ability. 3 As a result, Chinese children tend to view others’ achievements not as signs of natural superiority, but as opportunities for learning and self-improvement.
4 In China, students’ overall performance may be publicly recognized to encourage success and motivate further improvement. Teachers even invite outstanding graduates to share their experiences and lessons with current students to promote learning. In the U. S. , such phenomena are less common as they can be seen as threats to self-esteem.
Ultimately, our perceptions and reactions to others’ success are profoundly shaped by cultural narratives surrounding achievement. 5 These narratives, in other words, determine whether we feel threatened or inspired, fearful or respectful, annoyed or eager to copy others.
A．It can be a source of motivation.
B．These cultural differences extend to educational practices.
C．Education facilitates personal growth and social progress.
D．They influence our motivations, relationships and actions.
E. Both groups told detailed stories but showed clear differences in content.
F. Different responses can lead to constructive or destructive reactions and actions.
G. However, Chinese culture stresses abilities and qualities can improve through efforts.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是中美两国儿童面对同伴优异表现时的不同反应及背后的文化差异。
1．答案：F
解析：根据上文的“When others outperform us, should we feel threatened or inspired Should we fear or respect those who are more capable, more skilled or more successful than us？”可知，此处提出别人比我们表现得更好时，我们会做出怎样的回应的问题，结合下文讲述的中美两国对该问题的不同回应可知，此空需要一个能够引出下文的内容，F选项“Different responses can lead to constructive or destructive reactions and actions. (不同的反应可以导致建设性或破坏性的回应和行为)”回应了上文的问题，同时引出下文讲述的内容，符合语境。故选F项。
2．答案：E
解析：根据上文的“A study conducted by educational psychologists at Brown University explored how kindergartners in the U. S. and China tell stories about peers who perform better than others.”可知，此处提到了布朗大学的一项研究，结合下文的“Chinese children often expressed respect for high achievers and... In contrast, U．S. children’s stories typically focused on negative reactions, including envy and being left out.”可知，研究的结果显示中美两国的儿童对此产生了明显的不同，由此可知，此处需要一个具体的描述来引出研究的结果，E选项“Both groups told detailed stories but showed clear differences in content. (两组儿童都讲述了详细的故事，但在内容上显示出了明显的差异)”承接上文提到的研究，且阐述了两国儿童存在的差异性，进而引出下文详细解释两国之间存在的明显差异，符合语境。故选E项。
3．答案：G
解析：根据上文的“In American culture, the ‘self’ is defined by qualities and abilities, which are largely fixed. Thus, while the achievement of others reflects their high ability, it becomes a mirror to reveal one’s own lack of ability.”可知，此处阐述了美国文化对“自我”的定义以及因此带来的影响，结合下文的“As a result, Chinese children tend to view others’ achievements not as signs of natural superiority, but as opportunities for learning and self-improvement.”可知，此处阐述了中国文化对儿童产生的影响，由此可知，此空讲述的与中国文化标准相关，G选项“However, Chinese culture stresses abilities and qualities can improve through efforts. (然而，中国文化强调能力与品质是可以通过努力得到提升的)”讲述的内容与上文的内容为转折关系，且与空后的内容为因果关系，符合逻辑。故选G项。
4．答案：B
解析：此处应为本段的主旨句，结合下文“In China, students’ overall performance may be publicly recognized to encourage success and motivate further improvement. Teachers... In the U.S., such phenomena are less common as they can be seen as threats to self-esteem.”可知，此处讲述的是这种文化差异在教育实践中的不同，B选项“These cultural differences extend to educational practices. (这些文化差异延伸到了教育实践中)”讲述的内容与教育相关，概括了本段的主题，为接下来的具体例子提供了合理的过渡。故选B项。
5．答案：D
解析：根据下文的“These narratives, in other words, determine whether we feel threatened or inspired, fearful or respectful, annoyed or eager to copy others.”可知，此处是对空处内容的另一种表述，D选项“They influence our motivations, relationships and actions. (它们影响着我们的动机、人际关系和行为)”中的they指代的是上文的cultural narratives surrounding achievement，且讲述的内容与下文的内容吻合，符合语境。故选D项。(共30张PPT)
课时作业23 UNIT 2 BRIDGING CULTURES
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Ramirez Castaneda, a Colombian biologist, spends her time in the Amazon studying how snakes eat poisonous frogs without getting ill. Although her findings come in many shapes and sizes, she and her colleagues have struggled to get their biological discoveries out to the wider scientific community. With Spanish as her mother tongue, her research had to be translated into English to be published. That wasn’t always possible because of budget or time—and it means that some of her findings were never published.
“It’s not that I’m a bad scientist，” she says.“It’s just because of the language.”
Castaneda is not alone. There are plenty of research in non-English-language papers that get lost in translation, or are never translated.A study looked through more than 400，000 peer-reviewed papers in 16 different languages and found 1，234 studies providing evidence on biodiversity conservation which, because they weren’t in English, may have been overlooked. These included Japanese-language findings on the effectiveness of relocating the endangered Blakiston’s fish owl, the largest owl species.
Some experts argue that for the sake of the bigger picture, scientific knowledge should converge (趋同) into one common language. Science is very globalized and becoming more so, so the use of a global language is enormous for that.
Of course, scientists can work with an English partner, or use a translator—but this ultimately strengthens the cycle of dependency on the global north, leading to inequality in international influence. The specific meanings of words can also pose a problem in translation. For example, it is difficult to find in English one single word to describe forest snakes and frogs in the work Castaneda does with indigenous (本地的) communities in the Amazon.
“So we’re losing observations for science, too，” says Castaneda. “For me, it’s not possible to just have everything translated into English.We need multilingual (用多种语言的) science, and we need people that feel comfortable doing science in their own languages. It could be possible to switch to a world where，say, Chinese, English and Spanish are the three languages of science, just as English, French and German were the languages of science in the 19th century.”
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章以哥伦比亚生物学家Ramirez遭遇的语言问题为例，揭示了目前有很多非英文论文无法被翻译的问题。对此，一些专家主张科学知识应当转换为一个共同的语言——英语。但作者对此并不认同，认为这会导致国际影响力的不平等，并且有些专业术语很难用英语翻译。因此，作者希望建立一个多语种的科学世界。
1
2
3
1.What prevented Castaneda’s discoveries from being more widely known
A.Poor management.
B.The language barrier.
C.Her bad reputation.
D.Opposition from her colleagues.
答案：B
4
1
2
3
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“With Spanish as her mother tongue, her research had to be translated into English to be published. That wasn’t always possible because of budget or time—and it means that some of her findings were never published.”可知，语言障碍阻止了Castaneda的发现被更广泛地了解。故选B项。
4
1
2
3
2.What’s the consequence of the dominant focus on English in scientific research
A.Inefficient wildlife conservation.
B.A knowledge gap in the scientific world.
C.A growing interest in non-English papers.
D.Inadequate job opportunities for translators.
答案：B
4
1
2
3
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Of course，scientists can work with an English partner, or use a translator—but this ultimately strengthens the cycle of dependency on the global north, leading to inequality in international influence.”可推知，科学研究中以英语为主导的结果是会加强对北半球(一些国家)的依赖循环，导致国际影响力的不平等，因此这会在科学界产生知识鸿沟。故选B项。
4
1
2
3
3.What does the author want to illustrate by mentioning forest snakes and frogs
A.The urgency to protect rare species.
B.The need to adopt one global language.
C.The challenges in translating scientific texts.
D.The biodiversity on the South American continent.
答案：C
4
1
2
3
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“The specific meanings of words can also pose a problem in translation. For example, it is difficult to find in English one single word to describe forest snakes and frogs...”可知，作者以林蛇和林蛙为例，旨在说明一些科学研究中的文本比较难翻译，即存在挑战。故选C项。
4
1
2
3
4.What is presented in the last paragraph of the text
A.A potential solution.
B.A theoretical model.
C.A popular belief.
D.A global trend.
答案：A
4
解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段中的“It could be possible to switch to a world where, say, Chinese, English and Spanish are the three languages of science, just as English, French and German were the languages of science in the 19th century.”可知，本段主要介绍Castaneda希望建立一个多语种的科学世界来解决语言障碍问题。由此可知，本段在介绍一个潜在的解决方案。故选A项。
1
2
3
4
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是中美两国儿童面对同伴优异表现时的不同反应及背后的文化差异。
(2025·安徽合肥一模)When others outperform us, should we feel threatened or inspired Should we fear or respect those who are more capable, more skilled or more successful than us？_____
1
A.It can be a source of motivation.
B.These cultural differences extend to educational practices.
C.Education facilitates personal growth and social progress.
D.They influence our motivations, relationships and actions.
E. Both groups told detailed stories but showed clear differences in content.
F. Different responses can lead to constructive or destructive reactions and actions.
G. However, Chinese culture stresses abilities and qualities can improve through efforts.
1.答案：F
解析：根据上文的“When others outperform us, should we feel threatened or inspired Should we fear or respect those who are more capable, more skilled or more successful than us？”可知，此处提出别人比我们表现得更好时，我们会做出怎样的回应的问题，结合下文讲述的中美两国对该问题的不同回应可知，此空需要一个能够引出下文的内容，F选项“Different responses can lead to constructive or destructive reactions and actions. (不同的反应可以导致建设性或破坏性的回应和行为)”回应了上文的问题，同时引出下文讲述的内容，符合语境。故选F项。
A study conducted by educational psychologists at Brown University explored how kindergartners in the U. S. and China tell stories about peers who perform better than others. 2 Chinese children often expressed respect for high achievers and a desire to imitate their success. In contrast, U.S. children’s stories typically focused on negative reactions, including envy and being left out.
A.It can be a source of motivation.
B.These cultural differences extend to educational practices.
C.Education facilitates personal growth and social progress.
D.They influence our motivations, relationships and actions.
E. Both groups told detailed stories but showed clear differences in content.
F. Different responses can lead to constructive or destructive reactions and actions.
G. However, Chinese culture stresses abilities and qualities can improve through efforts.
2.答案：E
解析：根据上文的“A study conducted by educational psychologists at Brown University explored how kindergartners in the U. S. and China tell stories about peers who perform better than others.”可知，此处提到了布朗大学的一项研究，结合下文的“Chinese children often expressed respect for high achievers and... In contrast, U.S. children’s stories typically focused on negative reactions, including envy and being left out.”可知，研究的结果显示中美两国的儿童对此产生了明显的不同，由此可知，此处需要一个具体的描述来引出研究的结果，E选项“Both groups told detailed stories but showed clear differences in content. (两组儿童都讲述了详细的故事，但在内容上显示出了明显的差异)”承接上文提到的研究，且阐述了两国儿童存在的差异性，进而引出下文详细解释两国之间存在的明显差异，符合语境。故选E项。
The findings reflect the cultural narratives (叙述) surrounding achievement in each society. In American culture, the “self” is defined by qualities and abilities, which are largely fixed. Thus, while the achievement of others reflects their high ability, it becomes a mirror to reveal one’s own lack of ability. 3 As a result, Chinese children tend to view others’ achievements not as signs of natural superiority, but as opportunities for learning and self-improvement.
A.It can be a source of motivation.
B.These cultural differences extend to educational practices.
C.Education facilitates personal growth and social progress.
D.They influence our motivations, relationships and actions.
E. Both groups told detailed stories but showed clear differences in content.
F. Different responses can lead to constructive or destructive reactions and actions.
G. However, Chinese culture stresses abilities and qualities can improve through efforts.
3.答案：G
解析：根据上文的“In American culture, the ‘self’ is defined by qualities and abilities, which are largely fixed. Thus, while the achievement of others reflects their high ability, it becomes a mirror to reveal one’s own lack of ability.”可知，此处阐述了美国文化对“自我”的定义以及因此带来的影响，结合下文的“As a result, Chinese children tend to view others’ achievements not as signs of natural superiority, but as opportunities for learning and self-improvement.”可知，此处阐述了中国文化对儿童产生的影响，由此可知，此空讲述的与中国文化标准相关，G选项“However, Chinese culture stresses abilities and qualities can improve through efforts. (然而，中国文化强调能力与品质是可以通过努力得到提升的)”讲述的内容与上文的内容为转折关系，且与空后的内容为因果关系，符合逻辑。故选G项。
4 In China, students’ overall performance may be publicly recognized to encourage success and motivate further improvement. Teachers even invite outstanding graduates to share their experiences and lessons with current students to promote learning. In the U. S. , such phenomena are less common as they can be seen as threats to self-esteem.
A.It can be a source of motivation.
B.These cultural differences extend to educational practices.
C.Education facilitates personal growth and social progress.
D.They influence our motivations, relationships and actions.
E. Both groups told detailed stories but showed clear differences in content.
F. Different responses can lead to constructive or destructive reactions and actions.
G. However, Chinese culture stresses abilities and qualities can improve through efforts.
4.答案：B
解析：此处应为本段的主旨句，结合下文“In China, students’ overall performance may be publicly recognized to encourage success and motivate further improvement. Teachers... In the U.S., such phenomena are less common as they can be seen as threats to self-esteem.”可知，此处讲述的是这种文化差异在教育实践中的不同，B选项“These cultural differences extend to educational practices. (这些文化差异延伸到了教育实践中)”讲述的内容与教育相关，概括了本段的主题，为接下来的具体例子提供了合理的过渡。故选B项。
Ultimately, our perceptions and reactions to others’ success are profoundly shaped by cultural narratives surrounding achievement. 5 These narratives, in other words, determine whether we feel threatened or inspired, fearful or respectful, annoyed or eager to copy others.
A.It can be a source of motivation.
B.These cultural differences extend to educational practices.
C.Education facilitates personal growth and social progress.
D.They influence our motivations, relationships and actions.
E. Both groups told detailed stories but showed clear differences in content.
F. Different responses can lead to constructive or destructive reactions and actions.
G. However, Chinese culture stresses abilities and qualities can improve through efforts.
5.答案：D
解析：根据下文的“These narratives, in other words, determine whether we feel threatened or inspired, fearful or respectful, annoyed or eager to copy others.”可知，此处是对空处内容的另一种表述，D选项“They influence our motivations, relationships and actions. (它们影响着我们的动机、人际关系和行为)”中的they指代的是上文的cultural narratives surrounding achievement，且讲述的内容与下文的内容吻合，符合语境。故选D项。

展开更多......

收起↑