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(共37张PPT)
第一部分 教材梳理篇
UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
主题语境　积极的生活态度
内容索引
NEIRONGSUOYIN
Part 1　核心考点突破
Part 2　基础知识达标
Part 3　写作能力培优
Part 1　核心考点突破
1.qualified adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→
_________ v.使有资格→____________ n.资格；学历
(1)be qualified for/to do sth.有……的资格/有资格做某事
(2)qualify sb. for sth./to do sth.使某人能胜任某事/有资格做某事
(3)have the qualification for/to do sth.有……的资格/有资格做某事
qualify
qualification
①I have relevant experience, which will qualify me _____ the voluntary work.
②After years of hard study and practical training, she finally gained a ___________ (qualify) as a professional nurse.
for
qualification
③一方面，我精通英语；另一方面，我善于与人沟通。我确信自己有资格做这份工作，因此，我真诚地希望您给予我一个展示自身实力的机会。(申请信)
For one thing, I have a good command of English; for another, I’m good at communicating with others. I am confident that ______________
______________, so I sincerely hope you can give me an opportunity to demonstrate my abilities.(qualified)
I am qualified
for/to do the job
2.enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的→_______________ adv.热情地；热心地→____________ n.热情；热忱
(1)be enthusiastic about (doing) sth.对(做)某事有热情
(2)lack/be full of enthusiasm缺乏/充满热情
with enthusiasm (＝enthusiastically)热情地
enthusiastically
enthusiasm
①The coach delivered his speech with great ____________, and the players responded ______________, eager to give their all in the upcoming match.(enthusiastic)
②我不仅充满热情而且容易相处，这使得我能胜任报纸上所刊登的志愿者工作。(申请信)
______________________________________________________，which makes me qualified for the voluntary work advertised in the newspaper.
enthusiasm
enthusiastically
I am not only full of enthusiasm but also easy to get along/on with
③得知您对中国画充满热情，我写信邀请您参加本周日在我们学校举行的中国画展。(邀请信)
___________________________________________________, I’m writing to invite you to the exhibition of Chinese paintings to be held in our school this Sunday.
Learning that you are enthusiastic about Chinese painting
3.assign vt.分配；分派；布置→____________ n.(分派的)工作，任务；布置
assign sb. sth.＝assign sth. to sb.把某事/某物安排给某人
assign sb.to do sth. 指派某人做某事
assign sb.as... 指派某人担任某一职务
assignment
①(译林选必四U4)I remembered working on my first ___________
(assign). It was a 3，000-word essay on geometry and I wasn’t even sure how to begin the first paragraph.
②在植树活动中，老师指派我当组织者。有些学生被指派挖坑，其他人给树苗浇水。看着自己亲手栽下的树苗，我们获得了强烈的成就感。(活动介绍)
During the tree-planting activity, my teacher ____________________
________. Some students _______________________ and others to water saplings. Looking at the saplings we planted ourselves, we gained a strong sense of achievement.
assignment
assigned me as the
organiser
were assigned to dig holes
4.envy n.& vt.羡慕；妒忌→________ adj.忌妒的；羡慕的
(1)with envy羡慕地；忌妒地
be green with envy忌妒得眼红；十分羡慕/忌妒
(2)envy sb.(doing) sth.羡慕/妒忌某人(做)某事
(3)be envious of羡慕；妒忌
envious
①Honestly speaking, I do envy you __________ (get) the title of the Excellent Graduate and I should follow your example.
　　　　　
　　　 以你为榜样
②她在大舞台上优雅起舞时，所有女孩都羡慕地注视着她。
All the girls watched her ___________ when she danced gracefully on the big stage.
getting
with envy
③不要让妒忌吞噬你；专注于自己的旅程，努力追求卓越。(主旨升华)
________________________；focus on your own journey and strive for excellence.
Don’t let envy consume you
5.abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃；遗弃 n.放任；放纵→
__________ adj.被遗弃的；放纵的
(1)abandon oneself to (doing) sth.沉湎于(做)某事；纵情于(做)某事
abandon doing sth.放弃做某事
(2)with abandon 放纵地；放任地
(3)be abandoned to (doing) sth. 沉湎于(做)某事
abandoned
①The children ran across the meadow _____ abandon, their laughter ringing out as they chased colorful butterflies.
②Feeling utterly exhausted, she abandoned ___________ (continue) the task and decided to take a rest.
with
continuing
③I abandoned myself to computer games, so I performed extremely badly in the end-of-term examination.
→___________________________________, I performed extremely badly in the end-of-term examination.(现在分词短语作状语)
→__________________________, I performed extremely badly in the end-of-term examination.(过去分词短语作状语)
Abandoning myself to computer games
Abandoned to computer games
6.resolve vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n.决心；坚定的信念→___________ n.决议；解决；坚定
(1)resolve to do/on doing sth.决定做某事
(2)make a resolution (to do sth.)下定决心(做某事)
resolution
①It is typical that we make a New Year’s __________ (resolve) as the clock strikes twelve at midnight.
②他下定决心戒烟，并开始健康的生活方式，包括定期锻炼和均衡饮食。
He _____________________________________________________
__________________ and started a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise and a balanced diet.
resolution
resolved to quit smoking/made a resolution to quit smoking/resolved
on quitting smoking
③为了解决冲突，我们应该学会多沟通，设身处地为他人着想。(人际沟通)
__________________，we should learn to communicate more and put ourselves in others’ shoes.
To resolve conflicts
1.bitter
In such a bitter① winter, he was out of work and he was bitter② about losing his job. Bitter③ tears rolled down his cheeks. What’s worse, he was suffering from a bad cold and had to take extremely bitter④ medicine.
①_________________　②_______________　③_____________
④___________
adj.(天气)严寒的
adj.愤愤不平的
adj.痛苦的
adj.味苦的
2.rough
The journey was off to a rough① start. The sea was in a rough② state, with huge waves crashing against the ship, making everyone seasick. On land, the path ahead was rocky and rough③， full of stones and uneven terrains, slowing down our progress. Given the uncertain conditions we were facing, we could only make a rough④ plan for the remaining part of the trip.
①___________　②____________　③________________
④___________
adj.艰难的
adj.汹涌的
adj.崎岖不平的
adj.粗略的
3.Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread.
生义：_______________
熟义：v.下沉，沉没
4.The bark of the young tree was removed and soon it died.
生义：_______
熟义：n.吠叫声
n.洗涤槽，水槽
n.树皮
if引导虚拟条件句
[教材原句]　If it weren’t for sea animals, we would all starve. 要是没有海洋生物，我们都得挨饿。
虚拟语气 虚拟条件句 主句
与现在 事实相反 动词的过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/might＋动词原形
与过去 事实相反 had＋过去分词 would/could/should/might＋have＋过去分词
与将来 事实相反 (1)动词的过去式； (2)were to＋动词原形； (3)should＋动词原形 would/could/should/might＋动词原形
①如果不是因为他们的决心和毅力，他们就不会在这次远征探险中幸存下来。
If it had not been for their resolution and perseverance, they _______
_________________________.
②如果你接受我的申请，我将不遗余力地提供我最好的服务。(申请信)
______________________________________, I would spare no effort to offer my best service.
have survived the expedition
would
If you accepted/should accept my application
③如果我有足够的钱，我一定会环游世界，探索这个美丽星球的每一个角落。
____________________，I would definitely travel around the world and explore every corner of this beautiful planet.
If I had enough money
Part 2　基础知识达标
Ⅰ.语境填空
1.The interviewee gave me an impression that he was not very enthusiastic ______ the job.
2.My heart ____ (sink) when I learned that my application was turned down.
3.She resolved ____________ (improve) her health by exercising regularly and eating a balanced diet.
4.He saw the ________ (envy) look in the other boy’s eyes.
about
sank
to improve
envious
5.I am qualified ____ this position as I possess the necessary skills and relevant work experience required.
6.I ____________ (assign) the task of organizing the annual conference, which was a huge but rewarding challenge.
7.____________ (fortunate), due to unexpected circumstances, the event had to be postponed until further notice.
8.When she was feeling down, her friends threw a surprise party for her, which really cheered her ___.
for
was assigned
Unfortunately
up
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.欧内斯特·沙克尔顿是一位伟大的极地探险家，他一直对极地探险充满热情。
Ernest Shackleton, a great polar explorer,______________________
________________.
2.以下是他的一些探险经历。
Below ________________________________.
3.他的第三次南极探险如同一个伟大的奇迹一样非凡。(as... as)
His third expedition to the South Pole was _____________________
___________.
polar expeditions
had been enthusiastic about
are some of his expedition experiences
as extraordinary as a
great miracle
Part 3　写作能力培优
培优1　应用文增分练——探险家
根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。
As we all know, there are numerous ①_________ (adversity) in our life. A sailor, who was ②____________ (在……岁时) 19 and ③_______________ (热衷于) sailing, wanted to join an expedition. ④____________ (fortunately), he ⑤______________ (被拒绝) by the captain at first though he was ⑥__________ (qualify) for the
adversities
at the age of
enthusiastic about
Unfortunately
was turned down
qualified
position. But he didn’t give up. He told the captain that he had energy (用本单元词汇替换黑体词：⑦_______) and endurance and he could complete the tasks ⑧________ (assign) by the captain. He said, “I ⑨_________________________ (一直盼望) the voyage for a long time.” Moved by his determination, the captain finally agreed to let him join the team. It turned out that the genuine sailor ⑩_____
____ (成功了).
vigour
assigned
have been looking forward to
it
made
教材语料运用　【野外求生】
一对夫妇——汤姆和玛丽热衷于野外探险。一天，当他们穿过一片茂密的丛林时，妻子玛丽的脚踝受了重伤。更糟糕的是，开始下雨了。起初，汤姆挽着玛丽的胳膊，试图一路扶着她走。但玛丽脚踝的疼痛太剧烈了，他们不得不放弃他们的计划。当雨下得更大时，他们的心也开始下沉。玛丽既痛苦又害怕，几乎崩溃了。汤姆温柔地搂着妻子，试图安慰她。玛丽渐渐平静下来，决定勇敢地面对困难。他们开始生火，以免在这样一个寒冷的夜晚被冻死。幸运的是，他们听到了直升机的轰鸣声。汤姆立即站起来，猛烈地挥舞着他的手臂，大声喊道：“救命！救命！”
培优2　读后续写提能练
Tom and Mary were a couple 1.___________________________
___________ (定语从句). One day, when they were going through a thick jungle, the wife, Mary, got seriously injured in her ankle. Worse still, it began to rain. At first, 2.__________________, trying to support her along the way. However, the pain in Mary’s ankle was so intense 3.______________________ their plan. When the rain became heavier, 4.__________________________. 5.____________
_________ (形容词短语作状语), Mary almost broke down. Tom
who were enthusiastic about wild
exploration
Tom took Mary’s arm
that they had to abandon
their hearts also began to sink
Bitter and
frightened
tried to comfort her, 6.__________________________________ (分词短语作状语). Mary gradually calmed down and 7._____________
__________________. They began to 8._______________________
______________________________. Fortunately, they heard some roars of a helicopter. Tom immediately rose to his feet and 9._______
_________________, shouting loudly, “Help！Help！”
throwing his arms around his wife gently
resolved to face
the difficulty bravely
make fire to avoid being
frozen to death on such a bitter night
his arms violently
waved课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·浙江金华二模)From sleeping in a spider-covered tent a mile up an Amazonian cliff face to completing one of the classic outdoor “lifetime” challenges in the space of a few months, Anna Taylor is making a name for herself in the adventure community. Still just 24，the climber is also a great advocate of British expeditions.
“The UK is actually really good for these things，” says Taylor, who in 2021 became the first woman to complete a self-powered round of the 83 routes that feature in the celebrated climbing book Classic Rock. “It can be underestimated compared to exotic (异国风情的) places, but if you get creative, it’s as good as anywhere，” she says.
“The Classic Rock challenge is the kind of thing people try to finish during their lives, a bit like hiking the Wainwrights, but I doubted the capability to make it in summer. It was amazing and opened my eyes to UK climbing. I didn’t realize how challenging cycle touring would be with so much equipment. But it’s a great way to appreciate the landscape, and completing a long ride is as satisfying as getting to the top of a route，” Taylor explored a huge amount of the country in the process. She then completed another self-powered round, climbing the 100 routes detailed in the guide Mountain Rock. “It is really a physical challenge，” Taylor says.
Having come to the attention of one of the UK’s top adventurers, Leo Houlding, Taylor also went on a trip to the Guyanese Amazon to scale the giant Mount Roraima. “We were in the jungle for a month，” she recalls. “That was incredible and pretty scary sleeping there at first, especially with huge spiders walking across your tent！” Taylor thrives on the physical and mental challenges of climbing. “It’s all about keeping your head under control，” she explains. “You practice with a safety rope, and then it’s about making the commitment of doing it without one.”
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位女性攀岩者Anna Taylor。
1．What has made Taylor famous in the adventure community
A．Her young age as a climber.
B．Her unique experience in the Amazon.
C．Her completion of challenging outdoor tasks.
D．Her advocacy of adventurous trips.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“From sleeping in a spider-covered tent a mile up an Amazonian cliff face to completing one of the classic outdoor ‘lifetime’ challenges in the space of a few months, Anna Taylor is making a name for herself in the adventure community.”可知，Taylor因完成具有挑战性的户外任务，在冒险界声名鹊起。故选C项。
2．What does Taylor think of the UK for climbing
A．It is judged wrongly compared to exotic places.
B．It is as good as anywhere if one is imaginary.
C．It lacks the variety of routes like other places.
D．It is only suitable for self-powered rounds.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“‘It can be underestimated compared to exotic places, but if you get creative, it’s as good as anywhere，’ she says. (‘与异国情调的地方相比，它可能被低估了，但如果你有创意，它和其他地方一样好，’她说)”可知，Taylor认为英国在攀岩方面被低估了。故选A项。
3．What do we know about Taylor in the Classic Rock challenge
A．She considered getting to the top more satisfying.
B.She carried loads of facilities in the challenge.
C．She recommended completing the challenge in summer.
D．She explored more countries during the challenge.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I didn’t realize how challenging cycle touring would be with so much equipment.”可知，在进行《经典岩石》挑战期间的骑行时，Taylor需要携带大量装备。故选B项。
4．Which of the following best describes Taylor according to the text
A．Proud and competitive.
B．Reserved and cautious.
C．Humorous and responsible.
D．Adventurous and passionate.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“From sleeping in a spider-covered tent a mile up an Amazonian cliff face to completing one of the classic outdoor ‘lifetime’ challenges in the space of a few months, Anna Taylor is making a name for herself in the adventure community.”并纵观全文可知，Taylor完成了多项具有挑战性的攀岩任务，如攀登《经典岩石》和《山岩》中记载的路线，还前往圭亚那亚马孙攀登罗赖马山，面对蜘蛛等危险也不退缩，这体现了她具有冒险精神；她能够坚持完成这些艰难的任务，说明她对攀岩充满热爱。故选D项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Dawn Loggins didn’t have a typical senior year. Back in 2012, Loggins was waking up early to get to school to put in a before-school 1 as a janitor (清洁工).
Before the rest of her peers 2 school, Loggins was cleaning bathrooms, scrubbing floors, and 3 down the very desks she would 4 later in the day as a student. After 7 hours at school, Loggins didn’t get to 5 home to enjoy an after-school snack or downtime either. 6 , she clocked back in for another two-hour time on janitorial duty.
“I don’t mind cleaning，” Loggins said.“If you have to walk through trash to get to your desk, you’re not going to have an environment that 7 learning.”
While the teen was clearly hard-working, it wasn’t immediately obvious to school officials how badly Loggins 8 the financial support her job provided, until she asked her boss for 9 one day. The reason Without electricity at home.
Even more shocking, while Loggins was at summer school, she 10 calling home, only to find the phones had been 11 and her parents had moved away—without her. And she became 12 . When the school realized the extent of the neglect Loggins had been living with, they surrounded her with 13 . The community took her in, providing her with housing, food and clothing and helping her to apply for college.
And the efforts 14 ： Loggins was accepted into Harvard University. Today she works as a motivational speaker, speaking to 15 that include education, homelessness, and women and youth empowerment.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。Dawn Loggins是一个非常努力的学生，尽管生活条件不好，但通过学校和社区的帮助，她成功被哈佛大学录取，并成为一个激励他人的演说家。
1．A.gift B．shift
C．practice D．study
答案：B
解析：gift礼物；shift轮班；practice练习；study学习。根据“as a janitor”可知，Dawn Loggins很早起床去学校，在课前作为清洁工值班。故选B。
2．A.forced into B．fit into
C．fell into D．rolled into
答案：D
解析：force into强迫进入；fit into适应；fall into掉入；roll into进入，到达。根据“Before the rest of her peers”可知，在其他同学进入学校之前，Loggins已经在打扫洗手间、擦地板、擦桌子了。故选D。
3．A.wiping B．falling
C．dropping D．welling
答案：A
解析：wipe擦拭；fall落下；drop丢下；well涌出。根据“was cleaning bathrooms, scrubbing floors”可知，此处与上文构成并列关系，即在其他同学进入学校之前，Loggins已经在打扫洗手间、擦地板、擦桌子。故选A。
4．A.equip B．occupy
C．make D．bother
答案：B
解析：equip装备；occupy占据；make制造；bother打扰。根据“in the day as a student”可知，Loggins就已经在学校打扫卫生、擦地板，并且擦拭她后来作为学生要坐(占据)的桌子。故选B。
5．A.come B．lead
C．head D．leave
答案：C
解析：come来；lead领导；head前往；leave离开。根据“she clocked back in for another two-hour time on janitorial duty”可知，Loggins放学后没有立刻回家。故选C。
6．A.Therefore B．Instead
C．However D．Besides
答案：B
解析：therefore因此；instead相反；however然而；besides除了……。根据“Loggins didn’t get to 13 home to enjoy an after-school snack or downtime either”可知，在学校待了7个小时后，Loggins没有回家享受放学后的零食或休息时间，相反，她又打卡回去做了两个小时的清洁工作。故选B。
7．A.encourages B．happens
C．appoints D．troubles
答案：A
解析：encourage鼓励；happen发生；appoint任命；trouble打扰。根据“If you have to walk through trash to get to your desk”可知，Loggins认为，如果必须穿过垃圾才能到达课桌，那你就不会有一个鼓励学习的环境。故选A。
8．A.used B．spent
C．cost D．needed
答案：D
解析：use使用；spend花费；cost花费；need需要。根据“the financial support”可知，学校领导并没有立即看出Loggins迫切需要她的工作提供的经济支持。故选D。
9．A.candles B．toys
C．lights D．sweets
答案：A
解析：candle蜡烛；toy玩具；light灯；sweet糖果。根据“Without electricity at home.”可知，因为家里没电，所以Loggins向她的老板要蜡烛。故选A。
10．A.finished B．delayed
C．considered D．tried
答案：D
解析：finish完成；delay延迟；consider考虑；try尝试。根据“calling home”可知，Loggins在暑期学校的时候，她试着给家里打电话。故选D。
11．A.disconnected B．stolen
C．spoiled D．misguided
答案：A
解析：disconnect切断；steal偷；spoil宠溺；misguide误导。根据“her parents had moved away—without her”可知，Loggins的父母搬家没有带上她，因此应是电话被切断了。故选A。
12．A.sick B．blind
C．lonely D．homeless
答案：D
解析：sick生病的；blind盲的；lonely孤独的；homeless无家可归的。根据“her parents had moved away—without her”可知，她的父母也搬走了——没有带她，所以她无家可归。故选D。
13．A.hope B．advice
C．support D．courage
答案：C
解析：hope希望；advice建议；support支持；courage勇气。根据“The community took her in, providing her with housing, food and clothing and helping her to apply for college.”可知，社区接纳了她，为她提供住房、食物和衣服，并帮助她申请大学，故上文信息与此并列，提出学校为她提供支持。故选C。
14．A.came true B．counted on
C．paid off D．let out
答案：C
解析：come true实现；count on依靠；pay off取得成功；let out放出。根据“Loggins was accepted into Harvard University.”可知，这些付出得到了回报。故选C。
15．A.matters B．issues
C．challenges D．problems
答案：B
解析：matter事情；issue问题；challenge挑战；problem问题。根据“that include education, homelessness, and women and youth empowerment”可知，她是一名励志演说家，就教育、无家可归、妇女和青年赋权等问题发表演讲。故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2024·河南三门峡一模)Acupuncture (针灸), a traditional Chinese medical practice, 1. (be) the remedy for 2. (count) patients since ancient times. Before modern medicine came to life, ancient Chinese used stone tools to relieve pain. Over time, this primitive practice gradually evolved 3. a comprehensive and profound medical system and shaped the root of acupuncture.
4． (aim) at promoting the body’s self-regulating functions, acupuncture emphasizes all-inclusive treatment, balance of bodily functions and overall physiological well-being, 5. therapeutic principles are in line with the philosophical concepts of traditional Chinese medicine.
Practices can vary in forms, including needle insertion, cupping and scraping. Needle insertion, 6. most common method, 7. (carry) out by inserting hair-thin needles into meridians, or specific points on the body that channel vital energy (the qi). Practitioners lift, twirl and rotate needles to unblock the flow of energy and stimulate the body’s innate potential to heal 8. (it).
Looking beyond China, acupuncture has become a global therapy. According to a 2019 WHO report, acupuncture is used in 113 of its 120 member countries, 9. (illustrate) its widespread recognition and application.
With a rich history and deep cultural significance, acupuncture has seen many 10. (advance) in scientific research and modern medicine, which is now an embodiment of profound cultural heritage and a historic path to healing.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了针灸的治疗方法以及在全球的广泛应用和认可。
1．答案：has been
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语since ancient times可知，句子用现在完成时，主语acupuncture表示单数意义，故填has been。
2．答案：countless
解析：考查词性转换。空处修饰名词patients，应用形容词作定语，结合句意可知，此处指“无数的”，应用形容词countless。故填countless。
3．答案：into
解析：考查介词。evolve into“演变成，发展成”，为固定短语，故填into。
4．答案：Aimed
解析：考查非谓语动词。be aimed at doing sth.“旨在，为了”，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，故填Aimed。
5．答案：whose
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是acupuncture，关系词在从句中作定语，和therapeutic principles之间是所属关系，应用关系词whose，故填whose。
6．答案：the
解析：考查冠词。most common是形容词最高级，其前用定冠词，故填the。
7．答案：is carried
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句子描述一个一般性事实，应用一般现在时；主语needle insertion和动词carry之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态；主语表示单数意义，故填is carried。
8．答案：itself
解析：考查反身代词。结合句意可知，此处和body是同一指代对象，应用反身代词，故填itself。
9．答案：illustrating
解析：考查非谓语动词。动词illustrate的逻辑主语是前面的句子，两者之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填illustrating。
10．答案：advances
解析：考查名词复数。结合空前的many可知，空处应填名词复数形式作宾语，故填advances。(共48张PPT)
课时作业30 UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·浙江金华二模)From sleeping in a spider-covered tent a mile up an Amazonian cliff face to completing one of the classic outdoor “lifetime” challenges in the space of a few months, Anna Taylor is making a name for herself in the adventure community. Still just 24，the climber is also a great advocate of British expeditions.
“The UK is actually really good for these things，” says Taylor, who in 2021 became the first woman to complete a self-powered round of the 83 routes that feature in the celebrated climbing book Classic Rock. “It can be underestimated compared to exotic (异国风情的) places, but if you get creative, it’s as good as anywhere，” she says.
“The Classic Rock challenge is the kind of thing people try to finish during their lives, a bit like hiking the Wainwrights, but I doubted the capability to make it in summer. It was amazing and opened my eyes to UK climbing. I didn’t realize how challenging cycle touring would be with so much equipment. But it’s a great way to appreciate the landscape, and completing a long ride is as satisfying as getting to the top of a route，” Taylor explored a huge amount of the country in the process. She then completed another self-powered round, climbing the 100 routes detailed in the guide Mountain Rock. “It is really a physical challenge，” Taylor says.
Having come to the attention of one of the UK’s top adventurers, Leo Houlding, Taylor also went on a trip to the Guyanese Amazon to scale the giant Mount Roraima. “We were in the jungle for a month，” she recalls. “That was incredible and pretty scary sleeping there at first, especially with huge spiders walking across your tent！” Taylor thrives on the physical and mental challenges of climbing. “It’s all about keeping your head under control，” she explains. “You practice with a safety rope, and then it’s about making the commitment of doing it without one.”
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位女性攀岩者Anna Taylor。
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1.What has made Taylor famous in the adventure community
A.Her young age as a climber.
B.Her unique experience in the Amazon.
C.Her completion of challenging outdoor tasks.
D.Her advocacy of adventurous trips.
答案：C
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解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“From sleeping in a spider-covered tent a mile up an Amazonian cliff face to completing one of the classic outdoor ‘lifetime’ challenges in the space of a few months, Anna Taylor is making a name for herself in the adventure community.”可知，Taylor因完成具有挑战性的户外任务，在冒险界声名鹊起。故选C项。
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2.What does Taylor think of the UK for climbing
A.It is judged wrongly compared to exotic places.
B.It is as good as anywhere if one is imaginary.
C.It lacks the variety of routes like other places.
D.It is only suitable for self-powered rounds.
答案：A
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解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“‘It can be underestimated compared to exotic places, but if you get creative, it’s as good as anywhere，’ she says. (‘与异国情调的地方相比，它可能被低估了，但如果你有创意，它和其他地方一样好，’她说)”可知，Taylor认为英国在攀岩方面被低估了。故选A项。
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3.What do we know about Taylor in the Classic Rock challenge
A.She considered getting to the top more satisfying.
B.She carried loads of facilities in the challenge.
C.She recommended completing the challenge in summer.
D.She explored more countries during the challenge.
答案：B
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解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I didn’t realize how challenging cycle touring would be with so much equipment.”可知，在进行《经典岩石》挑战期间的骑行时，Taylor需要携带大量装备。故选B项。
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4.Which of the following best describes Taylor according to the text
A.Proud and competitive.
B.Reserved and cautious.
C.Humorous and responsible.
D.Adventurous and passionate.
答案：D
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解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“From sleeping in a spider-covered tent a mile up an Amazonian cliff face to completing one of the classic outdoor ‘lifetime’ challenges in the space of a few months, Anna Taylor is making a name for herself in the adventure community.”并纵观全文可知，Taylor完成了多项具有挑战性的攀岩任务，如攀登《经典岩石》和《山岩》中记载的路线，还前往圭亚那亚马孙攀登罗赖马山，面对蜘蛛等危险也不退缩，这体现了她具有冒险精神；她能够坚持完成这些艰难的任务，说明她对攀岩充满热爱。故选D项。
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Ⅱ.完形填空
Dawn Loggins didn’t have a typical senior year. Back in 2012, Loggins was waking up early to get to school to put in a before-school 1 as a janitor (清洁工).
Before the rest of her peers 2 school, Loggins was cleaning bathrooms, scrubbing floors, and 3 down the very desks she would ____ later in the day as a student. After 7 hours at school, Loggins didn’t get to 5 home to enjoy an after-school snack or downtime either. 6 , she clocked back in for another two-hour time on janitorial duty.
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“I don’t mind cleaning，” Loggins said.“If you have to walk through trash to get to your desk, you’re not going to have an environment that 7 learning.”
While the teen was clearly hard-working, it wasn’t immediately obvious to school officials how badly Loggins 8 the financial support her job provided, until she asked her boss for 9 one day. The reason Without electricity at home.
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Even more shocking, while Loggins was at summer school, she 10 calling home, only to find the phones had been 11 and her parents had moved away—without her. And she became 12 . When the school realized the extent of the neglect Loggins had been living with, they surrounded her with 13 . The community took her in, providing her with housing, food and clothing and helping her to apply for college.
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And the efforts 14 ： Loggins was accepted into Harvard University. Today she works as a motivational speaker, speaking to 15 that include education, homelessness, and women and youth empowerment.
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[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。Dawn Loggins是一个非常努力的学生，尽管生活条件不好，但通过学校和社区的帮助，她成功被哈佛大学录取，并成为一个激励他人的演说家。
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1.A.gift B.shift
C.practice D.study
答案：B
解析：gift礼物；shift轮班；practice练习；study学习。根据“as a janitor”可知，Dawn Loggins很早起床去学校，在课前作为清洁工值班。故选B。
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2.A.forced into B.fit into
C.fell into D.rolled into
答案：D
解析：force into强迫进入；fit into适应；fall into掉入；roll into进入，到达。根据“Before the rest of her peers”可知，在其他同学进入学校之前，Loggins已经在打扫洗手间、擦地板、擦桌子了。故选D。
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3.A.wiping B.falling
C.dropping D.welling
答案：A
解析：wipe擦拭；fall落下；drop丢下；well涌出。根据“was cleaning bathrooms, scrubbing floors”可知，此处与上文构成并列关系，即在其他同学进入学校之前，Loggins已经在打扫洗手间、擦地板、擦桌子。故选A。
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4.A.equip B.occupy
C.make D.bother
答案：B
解析：equip装备；occupy占据；make制造；bother打扰。根据“in the day as a student”可知，Loggins就已经在学校打扫卫生、擦地板，并且擦拭她后来作为学生要坐(占据)的桌子。故选B。
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5.A.come B.lead
C.head D.leave
答案：C
解析：come来；lead领导；head前往；leave离开。根据“she clocked back in for another two-hour time on janitorial duty”可知，Loggins放学后没有立刻回家。故选C。
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6.A.Therefore B.Instead
C.However D.Besides
答案：B
解析：therefore因此；instead相反；however然而；besides除了……。根据“Loggins didn’t get to 5 home to enjoy an after-school snack or downtime either”可知，在学校待了7个小时后，Loggins没有回家享受放学后的零食或休息时间，相反，她又打卡回去做了两个小时的清洁工作。故选B。
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7.A.encourages B.happens
C.appoints D.troubles
答案：A
解析：encourage鼓励；happen发生；appoint任命；trouble打扰。根据“If you have to walk through trash to get to your desk”可知，Loggins认为，如果必须穿过垃圾才能到达课桌，那你就不会有一个鼓励学习的环境。故选A。
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8.A.used B.spent
C.cost D.needed
答案：D
解析：use使用；spend花费；cost花费；need需要。根据“the financial support”可知，学校领导并没有立即看出Loggins迫切需要她的工作提供的经济支持。故选D。
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9.A.candles B.toys
C.lights D.sweets
答案：A
解析：candle蜡烛；toy玩具；light灯；sweet糖果。根据“Without electricity at home.”可知，因为家里没电，所以Loggins向她的老板要蜡烛。故选A。
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10.A.finished B.delayed
C.considered D.tried
答案：D
解析：finish完成；delay延迟；consider考虑；try尝试。根据“calling home”可知，Loggins在暑期学校的时候，她试着给家里打电话。故选D。
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11.A.disconnected B.stolen
C.spoiled D.misguided
答案：A
解析：disconnect切断；steal偷；spoil宠溺；misguide误导。根据“her parents had moved away—without her”可知，Loggins的父母搬家没有带上她，因此应是电话被切断了。故选A。
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12.A.sick B.blind
C.lonely D.homeless
答案：D
解析：sick生病的；blind盲的；lonely孤独的；homeless无家可归的。根据“her parents had moved away—without her”可知，她的父母也搬走了——没有带她，所以她无家可归。故选D。
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13.A.hope B.advice
C.support D.courage
答案：C
解析：hope希望；advice建议；support支持；courage勇气。根据“The community took her in, providing her with housing, food and clothing and helping her to apply for college.”可知，社区接纳了她，为她提供住房、食物和衣服，并帮助她申请大学，故上文信息与此并列，提出学校为她提供支持。故选C。
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14.A.came true B.counted on
C.paid off D.let out
答案：C
解析：come true实现；count on依靠；pay off取得成功；let out放出。根据“Loggins was accepted into Harvard University.”可知，这些付出得到了回报。故选C。
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15.A.matters B.issues
C.challenges D.problems
答案：B
解析：matter事情；issue问题；challenge挑战；problem问题。根据“that include education, homelessness, and women and youth empowerment”可知，她是一名励志演说家，就教育、无家可归、妇女和青年赋权等问题发表演讲。故选B。
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Ⅲ.语法填空
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了针灸的治疗方法以及在全球的广泛应用和认可。
(2024·河南三门峡一模)Acupuncture (针灸), a traditional Chinese medical practice, 1. (be) the remedy for 2. (count) patients since ancient times. Before modern medicine came to life, ancient Chinese used stone tools to relieve pain. Over time, this primitive practice gradually evolved 3. a comprehensive and profound medical system and shaped the root of acupuncture.
1.答案：has been
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语since ancient times可知，句子用现在完成时，主语acupuncture表示单数意义，故填has been。
2.答案：countless
解析：考查词性转换。空处修饰名词patients，应用形容词作定语，结合句意可知，此处指“无数的”，应用形容词countless。故填countless。
3.答案：into
解析：考查介词。evolve into“演变成，发展成”，为固定短语，故填into。
4. (aim) at promoting the body’s self-regulating functions, acupuncture emphasizes all-inclusive treatment, balance of bodily functions and overall physiological well-being, 5. therapeutic principles are in line with the philosophical concepts of traditional Chinese medicine.
4.答案：Aimed
解析：考查非谓语动词。be aimed at doing sth.“旨在，为了”，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，故填Aimed。
5.答案：whose
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是acupuncture，关系词在从句中作定语，和therapeutic principles之间是所属关系，应用关系词whose，故填whose。
Practices can vary in forms, including needle insertion, cupping and scraping. Needle insertion, 6. most common method,
7. (carry) out by inserting hair-thin needles into meridians, or specific points on the body that channel vital energy (the qi). Practitioners lift, twirl and rotate needles to unblock the flow of energy and stimulate the body’s innate potential to heal 8. (it).
6.答案：the
解析：考查冠词。most common是形容词最高级，其前用定冠词，故填the。
7.答案：is carried
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句子描述一个一般性事实，应用一般现在时；主语needle insertion和动词carry之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态；主语表示单数意义，故填is carried。
8.答案：itself
解析：考查反身代词。结合句意可知，此处和body是同一指代对象，应用反身代词，故填itself。
Looking beyond China, acupuncture has become a global therapy. According to a 2019 WHO report, acupuncture is used in 113 of its 120 member countries, 9. (illustrate) its widespread recognition and application.
9.答案：illustrating
解析：考查非谓语动词。动词illustrate的逻辑主语是前面的句子，两者之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填illustrating。
With a rich history and deep cultural significance, acupuncture has seen many 10. (advance) in scientific research and modern medicine, which is now an embodiment of profound cultural heritage and a historic path to healing.
10.答案：advances
解析：考查名词复数。结合空前的many可知，空处应填名词复数形式作宾语，故填advances。UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
主题语境　积极的生活态度
Part 1　核心考点突破
1．qualified adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→qualify v．使有资格→qualification n．资格；学历
(1)be qualified for/to do sth.有……的资格/有资格做某事
(2)qualify sb. for sth./to do sth.使某人能胜任某事/有资格做某事
(3)have the qualification for/to do sth.有……的资格/有资格做某事
①I have relevant experience, which will qualify me for the voluntary work.
②After years of hard study and practical training, she finally gained a qualification (qualify) as a professional nurse.
③一方面，我精通英语；另一方面，我善于与人沟通。我确信自己有资格做这份工作，因此，我真诚地希望您给予我一个展示自身实力的机会。(申请信)
For one thing, I have a good command of English; for another, I’m good at communicating with others. I am confident that I am qualified for/to do the job, so I sincerely hope you can give me an opportunity to demonstrate my abilities.(qualified)
2.enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的→enthusiastically adv.热情地；热心地→enthusiasm n．热情；热忱
(1)be enthusiastic about (doing) sth.对(做)某事有热情
(2)lack/be full of enthusiasm缺乏/充满热情
with enthusiasm (＝enthusiastically)热情地
①The coach delivered his speech with great enthusiasm, and the players responded enthusiastically, eager to give their all in the upcoming match.(enthusiastic)
②我不仅充满热情而且容易相处，这使得我能胜任报纸上所刊登的志愿者工作。(申请信)
I am not only full of enthusiasm but also easy to get along/on with，which makes me qualified for the voluntary work advertised in the newspaper.
③得知您对中国画充满热情，我写信邀请您参加本周日在我们学校举行的中国画展。(邀请信)
Learning that you are enthusiastic about Chinese painting, I’m writing to invite you to the exhibition of Chinese paintings to be held in our school this Sunday.
3．assign vt.分配；分派；布置→assignment n．(分派的)工作，任务；布置
assign sb. sth.＝assign sth. to sb. 把某事/某物安排给某人
assign sb.to do sth. 指派某人做某事
assign sb.as... 指派某人担任某一职务
①(译林选必四U4)I remembered working on my first assignment (assign). It was a 3，000-word essay on geometry and I wasn’t even sure how to begin the first paragraph.
②在植树活动中，老师指派我当组织者。有些学生被指派挖坑，其他人给树苗浇水。看着自己亲手栽下的树苗，我们获得了强烈的成就感。(活动介绍)
During the tree-planting activity, my teacher assigned me as the organiser. Some students were assigned to dig holes and others to water saplings. Looking at the saplings we planted ourselves, we gained a strong sense of achievement.
4．envy n．& vt.羡慕；妒忌→envious adj.忌妒的；羡慕的
(1)with envy羡慕地；忌妒地
be green with envy忌妒得眼红；十分羡慕/忌妒
(2)envy sb.(doing) sth.羡慕/妒忌某人(做)某事
(3)be envious of羡慕；妒忌
①Honestly speaking, I do envy you getting (get) the title of the Excellent Graduate and I should follow your example．
　　　　　
　　　以你为榜样
②她在大舞台上优雅起舞时，所有女孩都羡慕地注视着她。
All the girls watched her with envy when she danced gracefully on the big stage.
③不要让妒忌吞噬你；专注于自己的旅程，努力追求卓越。(主旨升华)
Don’t let envy consume you；focus on your own journey and strive for excellence.
5．abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃；遗弃 n．放任；放纵→abandoned adj.被遗弃的；放纵的
(1)abandon oneself to (doing) sth.沉湎于(做)某事；纵情于(做)某事
abandon doing sth.放弃做某事
(2)with abandon 放纵地；放任地
(3)be abandoned to (doing) sth. 沉湎于(做)某事
①The children ran across the meadow with abandon, their laughter ringing out as they chased colorful butterflies.
②Feeling utterly exhausted, she abandoned continuing (continue) the task and decided to take a rest.
③I abandoned myself to computer games, so I performed extremely badly in the end-of-term examination.
→Abandoning myself to computer games, I performed extremely badly in the end-of-term examination.(现在分词短语作状语)
→Abandoned to computer games, I performed extremely badly in the end-of-term examination.(过去分词短语作状语)
6．resolve vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n．决心；坚定的信念→resolution n．决议；解决；坚定
(1)resolve to do/on doing sth.决定做某事
(2)make a resolution (to do sth.)下定决心(做某事)
①It is typical that we make a New Year’s resolution (resolve) as the clock strikes twelve at midnight.
②他下定决心戒烟，并开始健康的生活方式，包括定期锻炼和均衡饮食。
He resolved to quit smoking/made a resolution to quit smoking/resolved on quitting smoking and started a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise and a balanced diet.
③为了解决冲突，我们应该学会多沟通，设身处地为他人着想。(人际沟通)
To resolve conflicts，we should learn to communicate more and put ourselves in others’ shoes.
1．bitter
In such a bitter① winter, he was out of work and he was bitter② about losing his job. Bitter③ tears rolled down his cheeks. What’s worse, he was suffering from a bad cold and had to take extremely bitter④ medicine.
①adj.(天气)严寒的　②adj.愤愤不平的　③adj.痛苦的　④adj.味苦的
2．rough
The journey was off to a rough① start. The sea was in a rough② state, with huge waves crashing against the ship, making everyone seasick. On land, the path ahead was rocky and rough③， full of stones and uneven terrains, slowing down our progress. Given the uncertain conditions we were facing, we could only make a rough④ plan for the remaining part of the trip.
①adj.艰难的　②adj.汹涌的　③adj.崎岖不平的
④adj.粗略的
3．Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread.
生义：n.洗涤槽，水槽
熟义：v.下沉，沉没
4．The bark of the young tree was removed and soon it died.
生义：n.树皮
熟义：n.吠叫声
if引导虚拟条件句
[教材原句]　If it weren’t for sea animals, we would all starve. 要是没有海洋生物，我们都得挨饿。
虚拟语气 虚拟条件句 主句
与现在 事实相反 动词的过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/might＋动词原形
与过去 事实相反 had＋过去分词 would/could/should/might＋have＋过去分词
与将来 事实相反 (1)动词的过去式； (2)were to＋动词原形； (3)should＋动词原形 would/could/should/might＋动词原形
①如果不是因为他们的决心和毅力，他们就不会在这次远征探险中幸存下来。
If it had not been for their resolution and perseverance, they would not have survived the expedition．
②如果你接受我的申请，我将不遗余力地提供我最好的服务。(申请信)
If you accepted/should accept my application, I would spare no effort to offer my best service.
③如果我有足够的钱，我一定会环游世界，探索这个美丽星球的每一个角落。
If I had enough money，I would definitely travel around the world and explore every corner of this beautiful planet.
Part 2　基础知识达标
Ⅰ.语境填空
1．The interviewee gave me an impression that he was not very enthusiastic about the job.
2．My heart sank (sink) when I learned that my application was turned down.
3．She resolved to improve (improve) her health by exercising regularly and eating a balanced diet.
4．He saw the envious (envy) look in the other boy’s eyes.
5．I am qualified for this position as I possess the necessary skills and relevant work experience required.
6．I was assigned (assign) the task of organizing the annual conference, which was a huge but rewarding challenge.
7．Unfortunately (fortunate), due to unexpected circumstances, the event had to be postponed until further notice.
8．When she was feeling down, her friends threw a surprise party for her, which really cheered her up．
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．欧内斯特·沙克尔顿是一位伟大的极地探险家，他一直对极地探险充满热情。
Ernest Shackleton, a great polar explorer, had been enthusiastic about polar expeditions．
2．以下是他的一些探险经历。
Below are some of his expedition experiences．
3．他的第三次南极探险如同一个伟大的奇迹一样非凡。(as... as)
His third expedition to the South Pole was as extraordinary as a great miracle．
Part 3　写作能力培优
培优1　应用文增分练——探险家
根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。
As we all know, there are numerous ①adversities (adversity) in our life. A sailor, who was ②at the age of (在……岁时) 19 and ③enthusiastic about (热衷于) sailing, wanted to join an expedition. ④Unfortunately (fortunately), he ⑤was turned down (被拒绝) by the captain at first though he was ⑥qualified (qualify) for the position. But he didn’t give up. He told the captain that he had energy (用本单元词汇替换黑体词：⑦vigour) and endurance and he could complete the tasks ⑧assigned (assign) by the captain. He said, “I ⑨have been looking forward to (一直盼望) the voyage for a long time.” Moved by his determination, the captain finally agreed to let him join the team. It turned out that the genuine sailor ⑩made it (成功了).
培优2　读后续写提能练
教材语料运用　【野外求生】
一对夫妇——汤姆和玛丽热衷于野外探险。一天，当他们穿过一片茂密的丛林时，妻子玛丽的脚踝受了重伤。更糟糕的是，开始下雨了。起初，汤姆挽着玛丽的胳膊，试图一路扶着她走。但玛丽脚踝的疼痛太剧烈了，他们不得不放弃他们的计划。当雨下得更大时，他们的心也开始下沉。玛丽既痛苦又害怕，几乎崩溃了。汤姆温柔地搂着妻子，试图安慰她。玛丽渐渐平静下来，决定勇敢地面对困难。他们开始生火，以免在这样一个寒冷的夜晚被冻死。幸运的是，他们听到了直升机的轰鸣声。汤姆立即站起来，猛烈地挥舞着他的手臂，大声喊道：“救命！救命！”
Tom and Mary were a couple 1.who were enthusiastic about wild exploration (定语从句). One day, when they were going through a thick jungle, the wife, Mary, got seriously injured in her ankle. Worse still, it began to rain. At first, 2.Tom took Mary’s arm, trying to support her along the way. However, the pain in Mary’s ankle was so intense 3.that they had to abandon their plan. When the rain became heavier, 4.their hearts also began to sink. 5.Bitter and frightened (形容词短语作状语), Mary almost broke down. Tom tried to comfort her, 6.throwing his arms around his wife gently (分词短语作状语). Mary gradually calmed down and 7.resolved to face the difficulty bravely. They began to 8.make fire to avoid being frozen to death on such a bitter night. Fortunately, they heard some roars of a helicopter. Tom immediately rose to his feet and 9.waved his arms violently, shouting loudly, “Help！Help！”
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·浙江金华二模)From sleeping in a spider-covered tent a mile up an Amazonian cliff face to completing one of the classic outdoor “lifetime” challenges in the space of a few months, Anna Taylor is making a name for herself in the adventure community. Still just 24，the climber is also a great advocate of British expeditions.
“The UK is actually really good for these things，” says Taylor, who in 2021 became the first woman to complete a self-powered round of the 83 routes that feature in the celebrated climbing book Classic Rock. “It can be underestimated compared to exotic (异国风情的) places, but if you get creative, it’s as good as anywhere，” she says.
“The Classic Rock challenge is the kind of thing people try to finish during their lives, a bit like hiking the Wainwrights, but I doubted the capability to make it in summer. It was amazing and opened my eyes to UK climbing. I didn’t realize how challenging cycle touring would be with so much equipment. But it’s a great way to appreciate the landscape, and completing a long ride is as satisfying as getting to the top of a route，” Taylor explored a huge amount of the country in the process. She then completed another self-powered round, climbing the 100 routes detailed in the guide Mountain Rock. “It is really a physical challenge，” Taylor says.
Having come to the attention of one of the UK’s top adventurers, Leo Houlding, Taylor also went on a trip to the Guyanese Amazon to scale the giant Mount Roraima. “We were in the jungle for a month，” she recalls. “That was incredible and pretty scary sleeping there at first, especially with huge spiders walking across your tent！” Taylor thrives on the physical and mental challenges of climbing. “It’s all about keeping your head under control，” she explains. “You practice with a safety rope, and then it’s about making the commitment of doing it without one.”
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位女性攀岩者Anna Taylor。
1．What has made Taylor famous in the adventure community
A．Her young age as a climber.
B．Her unique experience in the Amazon.
C．Her completion of challenging outdoor tasks.
D．Her advocacy of adventurous trips.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“From sleeping in a spider-covered tent a mile up an Amazonian cliff face to completing one of the classic outdoor ‘lifetime’ challenges in the space of a few months, Anna Taylor is making a name for herself in the adventure community.”可知，Taylor因完成具有挑战性的户外任务，在冒险界声名鹊起。故选C项。
2．What does Taylor think of the UK for climbing
A．It is judged wrongly compared to exotic places.
B．It is as good as anywhere if one is imaginary.
C．It lacks the variety of routes like other places.
D．It is only suitable for self-powered rounds.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“‘It can be underestimated compared to exotic places, but if you get creative, it’s as good as anywhere，’ she says. (‘与异国情调的地方相比，它可能被低估了，但如果你有创意，它和其他地方一样好，’她说)”可知，Taylor认为英国在攀岩方面被低估了。故选A项。
3．What do we know about Taylor in the Classic Rock challenge
A．She considered getting to the top more satisfying.
B.She carried loads of facilities in the challenge.
C．She recommended completing the challenge in summer.
D．She explored more countries during the challenge.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I didn’t realize how challenging cycle touring would be with so much equipment.”可知，在进行《经典岩石》挑战期间的骑行时，Taylor需要携带大量装备。故选B项。
4．Which of the following best describes Taylor according to the text
A．Proud and competitive.
B．Reserved and cautious.
C．Humorous and responsible.
D．Adventurous and passionate.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“From sleeping in a spider-covered tent a mile up an Amazonian cliff face to completing one of the classic outdoor ‘lifetime’ challenges in the space of a few months, Anna Taylor is making a name for herself in the adventure community.”并纵观全文可知，Taylor完成了多项具有挑战性的攀岩任务，如攀登《经典岩石》和《山岩》中记载的路线，还前往圭亚那亚马孙攀登罗赖马山，面对蜘蛛等危险也不退缩，这体现了她具有冒险精神；她能够坚持完成这些艰难的任务，说明她对攀岩充满热爱。故选D项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Dawn Loggins didn’t have a typical senior year. Back in 2012, Loggins was waking up early to get to school to put in a before-school 1 as a janitor (清洁工).
Before the rest of her peers 2 school, Loggins was cleaning bathrooms, scrubbing floors, and 3 down the very desks she would 4 later in the day as a student. After 7 hours at school, Loggins didn’t get to 5 home to enjoy an after-school snack or downtime either. 6 , she clocked back in for another two-hour time on janitorial duty.
“I don’t mind cleaning，” Loggins said.“If you have to walk through trash to get to your desk, you’re not going to have an environment that 7 learning.”
While the teen was clearly hard-working, it wasn’t immediately obvious to school officials how badly Loggins 8 the financial support her job provided, until she asked her boss for 9 one day. The reason Without electricity at home.
Even more shocking, while Loggins was at summer school, she 10 calling home, only to find the phones had been 11 and her parents had moved away—without her. And she became 12 . When the school realized the extent of the neglect Loggins had been living with, they surrounded her with 13 . The community took her in, providing her with housing, food and clothing and helping her to apply for college.
And the efforts 14 ： Loggins was accepted into Harvard University. Today she works as a motivational speaker, speaking to 15 that include education, homelessness, and women and youth empowerment.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。Dawn Loggins是一个非常努力的学生，尽管生活条件不好，但通过学校和社区的帮助，她成功被哈佛大学录取，并成为一个激励他人的演说家。
1．A.gift B．shift
C．practice D．study
答案：B
解析：gift礼物；shift轮班；practice练习；study学习。根据“as a janitor”可知，Dawn Loggins很早起床去学校，在课前作为清洁工值班。故选B。
2．A.forced into B．fit into
C．fell into D．rolled into
答案：D
解析：force into强迫进入；fit into适应；fall into掉入；roll into进入，到达。根据“Before the rest of her peers”可知，在其他同学进入学校之前，Loggins已经在打扫洗手间、擦地板、擦桌子了。故选D。
3．A.wiping B．falling
C．dropping D．welling
答案：A
解析：wipe擦拭；fall落下；drop丢下；well涌出。根据“was cleaning bathrooms, scrubbing floors”可知，此处与上文构成并列关系，即在其他同学进入学校之前，Loggins已经在打扫洗手间、擦地板、擦桌子。故选A。
4．A.equip B．occupy
C．make D．bother
答案：B
解析：equip装备；occupy占据；make制造；bother打扰。根据“in the day as a student”可知，Loggins就已经在学校打扫卫生、擦地板，并且擦拭她后来作为学生要坐(占据)的桌子。故选B。
5．A.come B．lead
C．head D．leave
答案：C
解析：come来；lead领导；head前往；leave离开。根据“she clocked back in for another two-hour time on janitorial duty”可知，Loggins放学后没有立刻回家。故选C。
6．A.Therefore B．Instead
C．However D．Besides
答案：B
解析：therefore因此；instead相反；however然而；besides除了……。根据“Loggins didn’t get to 13 home to enjoy an after-school snack or downtime either”可知，在学校待了7个小时后，Loggins没有回家享受放学后的零食或休息时间，相反，她又打卡回去做了两个小时的清洁工作。故选B。
7．A.encourages B．happens
C．appoints D．troubles
答案：A
解析：encourage鼓励；happen发生；appoint任命；trouble打扰。根据“If you have to walk through trash to get to your desk”可知，Loggins认为，如果必须穿过垃圾才能到达课桌，那你就不会有一个鼓励学习的环境。故选A。
8．A.used B．spent
C．cost D．needed
答案：D
解析：use使用；spend花费；cost花费；need需要。根据“the financial support”可知，学校领导并没有立即看出Loggins迫切需要她的工作提供的经济支持。故选D。
9．A.candles B．toys
C．lights D．sweets
答案：A
解析：candle蜡烛；toy玩具；light灯；sweet糖果。根据“Without electricity at home.”可知，因为家里没电，所以Loggins向她的老板要蜡烛。故选A。
10．A.finished B．delayed
C．considered D．tried
答案：D
解析：finish完成；delay延迟；consider考虑；try尝试。根据“calling home”可知，Loggins在暑期学校的时候，她试着给家里打电话。故选D。
11．A.disconnected B．stolen
C．spoiled D．misguided
答案：A
解析：disconnect切断；steal偷；spoil宠溺；misguide误导。根据“her parents had moved away—without her”可知，Loggins的父母搬家没有带上她，因此应是电话被切断了。故选A。
12．A.sick B．blind
C．lonely D．homeless
答案：D
解析：sick生病的；blind盲的；lonely孤独的；homeless无家可归的。根据“her parents had moved away—without her”可知，她的父母也搬走了——没有带她，所以她无家可归。故选D。
13．A.hope B．advice
C．support D．courage
答案：C
解析：hope希望；advice建议；support支持；courage勇气。根据“The community took her in, providing her with housing, food and clothing and helping her to apply for college.”可知，社区接纳了她，为她提供住房、食物和衣服，并帮助她申请大学，故上文信息与此并列，提出学校为她提供支持。故选C。
14．A.came true B．counted on
C．paid off D．let out
答案：C
解析：come true实现；count on依靠；pay off取得成功；let out放出。根据“Loggins was accepted into Harvard University.”可知，这些付出得到了回报。故选C。
15．A.matters B．issues
C．challenges D．problems
答案：B
解析：matter事情；issue问题；challenge挑战；problem问题。根据“that include education, homelessness, and women and youth empowerment”可知，她是一名励志演说家，就教育、无家可归、妇女和青年赋权等问题发表演讲。故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2024·河南三门峡一模)Acupuncture (针灸), a traditional Chinese medical practice, 1. (be) the remedy for 2. (count) patients since ancient times. Before modern medicine came to life, ancient Chinese used stone tools to relieve pain. Over time, this primitive practice gradually evolved 3. a comprehensive and profound medical system and shaped the root of acupuncture.
4． (aim) at promoting the body’s self-regulating functions, acupuncture emphasizes all-inclusive treatment, balance of bodily functions and overall physiological well-being, 5. therapeutic principles are in line with the philosophical concepts of traditional Chinese medicine.
Practices can vary in forms, including needle insertion, cupping and scraping. Needle insertion, 6. most common method, 7. (carry) out by inserting hair-thin needles into meridians, or specific points on the body that channel vital energy (the qi). Practitioners lift, twirl and rotate needles to unblock the flow of energy and stimulate the body’s innate potential to heal 8. (it).
Looking beyond China, acupuncture has become a global therapy. According to a 2019 WHO report, acupuncture is used in 113 of its 120 member countries, 9. (illustrate) its widespread recognition and application.
With a rich history and deep cultural significance, acupuncture has seen many 10. (advance) in scientific research and modern medicine, which is now an embodiment of profound cultural heritage and a historic path to healing.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了针灸的治疗方法以及在全球的广泛应用和认可。
1．答案：has been
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语since ancient times可知，句子用现在完成时，主语acupuncture表示单数意义，故填has been。
2．答案：countless
解析：考查词性转换。空处修饰名词patients，应用形容词作定语，结合句意可知，此处指“无数的”，应用形容词countless。故填countless。
3．答案：into
解析：考查介词。evolve into“演变成，发展成”，为固定短语，故填into。
4．答案：Aimed
解析：考查非谓语动词。be aimed at doing sth.“旨在，为了”，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，故填Aimed。
5．答案：whose
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是acupuncture，关系词在从句中作定语，和therapeutic principles之间是所属关系，应用关系词whose，故填whose。
6．答案：the
解析：考查冠词。most common是形容词最高级，其前用定冠词，故填the。
7．答案：is carried
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句子描述一个一般性事实，应用一般现在时；主语needle insertion和动词carry之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态；主语表示单数意义，故填is carried。
8．答案：itself
解析：考查反身代词。结合句意可知，此处和body是同一指代对象，应用反身代词，故填itself。
9．答案：illustrating
解析：考查非谓语动词。动词illustrate的逻辑主语是前面的句子，两者之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填illustrating。
10．答案：advances
解析：考查名词复数。结合空前的many可知，空处应填名词复数形式作宾语，故填advances。

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