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核心素养测评 (25分钟　32.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分,满分20分)
A
(2025·河北模拟)
Saltwater recreational fishing is part of Florida’s tourist economy.Anglers(垂钓者) take 40 million saltwater fishing trips each year in Florida in hopes of hooking snappers and hogfish.But strict fishing regulations mean that most of the caught fish are safely returned to the water.
On Biscayne Bay, Captain Wayne Conn’s 75-foot boat carried twenty anglers.It was not long before one fisherman made a catch.It was a mutton snapper, but it was just 17 inches long.It had to go back in the water.But it couldn’t be just thrown back.
Marine fisheries specialist Angela Collins said, “When reef fish living in deep water are brought to the surface, the gases in their bodies expand, sometimes greatly.They can experience a condition known as barotrauma.That’s when you see the fish’s eyes bulging(鼓胀) out of its head or its stomach popping out of its mouth.That gas expands and has to go somewhere, maybe is detrimental to the fish.”
Anglers must have special equipment on board to ensure reef fish survive once they’re returned to the water.That includes long needles to pierce the fish’s swim bladder in its body, releasing the pressure.But it’s also important to get the fish back down to its habitat on the bottom, 100 feet or more below the surface.Collins attached a weight to the fish’s lower lip before lowering it slowly back into the water.“This just shoots it down fast,” she said.“It’s closed until this gets to 100 feet.It pops open, letting the fish swim off.”
The ship moved to a different spot in deeper water and someone soon got a hit.Collins gave a shout.“Check it out, that fish is special,” she said.It was a 7- or 8-pound mutton snapper.That was a great food fish.But Lauren Hayes from the University of Miami decided to release it.“I love animals.Fishing is what it is, and the moments waiting for a fish to bite feel more real than having it in the net,” she said.
【语篇属性】
语篇 类型 说明文 主题 语境 人与自然
语篇 内容 主要介绍了佛罗里达海水休闲垂钓的情况,当地规定多数渔获需放生,还介绍了深水鱼减压存活的处理方法,并讲述了一位垂钓者为体验垂钓乐趣而放生大鱼的故事
语篇 结构 Para.1 Florida’s saltwater fishing aids tourism, but strict rules mean most fish are released.
Para.2 An angler on Conn’s boat caught a 17-inch snapper needing proper release.
Para.3 Collins:Deep fish get barotrauma(gas expansion harms them) when brought up.
Para.4 Anglers use needles(release pressure) and weights to return fish to deep habitats.
Para.5 A big snapper was caught, but Hayes released it for the fishing experience.
1.Why was the 17-inch-long fish thrown back
A.It was a special fish.
B.It was under the limit.
C.Its body expanded greatly.
D.Its condition was terrible.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:the 17-inch-long fish thrown back
定信息 根据关键信息确定答题关键句为文章第二段中的“It was a mutton snapper, but it was just 17 inches long.It had to go back in the water.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A It was a special fish. 无中生有
B It was under the limit. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果
C Its body expanded greatly. 无中生有
D Its condition was terrible. 无中生有
分析:选B。根据答题关键句内容可知,这条鱼被扔回水中是因为它没有达到捕捞的尺寸标准,即它小于规定的尺寸限制
2.What does the underlined word “detrimental” in Paragraph 3 mean
A.Harmful.　　　　　　B.Unique.
C.Familiar. D.Essential.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:the underlined word “detrimental” in Paragraph 3
定信息 根据关键信息确定答题关键句为文章第三段中的“When reef fish living in deep water are brought to the surface...That gas expands and has to go somewhere, maybe is detrimental to the fish.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A Harmful. 根据锁定答题关键 句信息得出结果
B Unique. 无中生有
C Familiar. 无中生有
D Essential. 无中生有
分析:选A。根据答题关键句内容可知,气体膨胀会使得鱼类经历气压损伤,对鱼的身体是有害的,推测画线单词detrimental的意思是“有害的”,与Harmful意义相近
3.What is the special equipment used for
A.Protecting the fish’s habitat.
B.Making reef fish living well.
C.Monitoring the fish’s population.
D.Ensuring the released fish’s safety.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:the special equipment used for
定信息 根据关键信息确定答题关键句为文章第四段中的“Anglers must have special equipment on board to ensure reef fish survive once they’re returned to the water.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A Protecting the fish’s habitat. 无中生有
B Making reef fish living well. 无中生有
C Monitoring the fish’s population. 无中生有
D Ensuring the released fish’s safety. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果
分析:选D。根据答题关键句内容可知,特殊设备的作用是确保放生的鱼能够安全存活
4.Which statement may Lauren Hayes agree with
A.Big fish should be kept for eating.
B.Strict regulations make fishing less fun.
C.The main purpose of fishing is to catch fish.
D.The meaning of fishing lies in the experience.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:Lauren Hayes agree with
定信息 根据关键信息确定答题关键句为文章最后一段中的“But Lauren Hayes from the University of Miami decided to release it.‘I love animals.Fishing is what it is, and the moments waiting for a fish to bite feel more real than having it in the net,’ she said.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A Big fish should be kept for eating. 与原文信息矛盾
B Strict regulations make fishing less fun. 无中生有
C The main purpose of fishing is to catch fish. 与原文信息矛盾
D The meaning of fishing lies in the experience. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果
分析:选D。根据答题关键句内容可知,Lauren Hayes认为钓鱼的真正意义在于体验等待鱼上钩的过程,而不仅仅是为了捕鱼,因此,她可能会同意“钓鱼的意义在于体验”这一说法
B
(2026·江西模拟)
Positioned high above New York’s fish-filled Hudson River, the Bear Mountain Bridge, a 2,255-foot suspension bridge roughly 50 miles north of Manhattan, offers an appealing nesting ground for ospreys, which are masters at flying down into bodies of water to catch fish.The large birds have nests atop the bridge tower.However, this is not their first time on this scenic spot.
“Two years ago at the bridge, the large birds started building nests on top of the tower,” says Craig Gardner, manager of maintenance for the New York State Bridge Authority.“We had to go up to try to encourage them to go someplace else.But last year, before we could get the nests, they laid eggs.”
While the nesting birds are a good indicator of the ecological recovery of the Hudson, the nests can pose some risks to approximately 20,000 vehicles per day which cross the Bear Mountain Bridge.The nest itself is about 250 feet above the roadway, so if a stick, a branch, or even a fish falls out of it, cars and people below are at risk.
The New York State Bridge Authority, which operates and maintains five bridges along the Mid-Hudson River Valley, typically tries to encourage the birds to nest on the lower spots, closer to the river and away from cars.But these birds appear to be seeking out the top spots with impressive views.
The solution:a human-built steel nesting box made especially for the ospreys.Instead of dismantling the nests, workers installed(安装) a steel box so that the birds could have a safer place to build nests.
The box is similar to a basket with a mesh(细网) inside.“The birds went back there as soon as we left, rearranging the sticks and establishing their nests,” says Gardner.
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了纽约哈德逊河上方的熊山大桥上,鱼鹰筑巢给过往车辆带来安全隐患,为此纽约州桥梁管理局为鱼鹰安装人工筑巢箱,以保障安全,体现了人与动物和谐共处。
5.Why did the workers of the Authority go up to the tower two years ago
A.To build safer nests.
B.To collect the eggs.
C.To count the nesting birds.
D.To drive the ospreys away.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中“纽约州桥梁管理局维护部经理克雷格·加德纳说:‘两年前,这些大鸟开始在桥塔顶端筑巢。我们不得不爬上去,试图劝它们去别的地方。’”可知,两年前,桥梁管理局的工作人员到塔上是为了把鱼鹰赶走,让它们去别的地方筑巢。故选D。
6.What is Paragraph 3 intended to stress
A.The bridge needs updating for its appeal.
B.Nests above the roadway can cause risks.
C.Nesting birds benefit the local ecosystem.
D.Ospreys are not masters at building nests.
【解析】选B。段落大意题。根据第三段“虽然筑巢的鸟类是哈德逊河生态恢复的一个良好标志,但这些鸟巢可能会对每天大约2万辆驶过熊山大桥的车辆构成一些风险。鸟巢本身就在公路上方约250英尺的地方,所以如果有棍子、树枝,甚至鱼从里面掉出来,下面的汽车和人都有危险”可知,第三段主要强调了桥上的鸟巢可能会对过往的车辆和行人造成危险。故选B。
7.What does the underlined word “dismantling” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean
A.Decoration.　　　　B.Locating.
C.Removing. D.Repairing.
【解析】选C。词句猜测题。根据画线词前文“Instead of”和后文“工作人员安装了一个钢箱,这样鸟儿们就有了一个更安全的地方筑巢”可知,工作人员没有拆除鸟巢,而是安装了一个钢箱,让鸟儿们有一个更安全的地方筑巢,故可推测出画线词dismantling意思是“拆除”,与C项“Removing”意思一致。故选C。
8.Which topic is closely related to the text
A.Wildlife Protection Is Worrying
B.Urban Planning Requires Creativity
C.Humans and Animals Live in Harmony
D.Advanced Technology Works Wonders
【解析】选C。推理判断题。通读全文,结合第五段中“解决方案:一个专门为鱼鹰建造的人造钢制巢箱。工作人员没有拆除鸟巢,而是安装了一个钢箱,这样鸟儿们就有了一个更安全的地方筑巢”可知,本文主要讲述了纽约哈德逊河上方的熊山大桥上,鱼鹰筑巢给过往车辆带来安全隐患,为此纽约州桥梁管理局为鱼鹰安装人工筑巢箱,以保障安全,这体现了人与动物和谐共处的主题。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
(2026·陕西模拟)
Freshwater birds are birds that live near rivers and lakes, instead of the ocean or sea.These birds are usually expert divers and swimmers and have thick, downy feathers to keep them warm.
　9　 They help control insect populations, spread seeds, and contribute to nutrient cycling.Additionally, these birds serve as indicators of water quality, because their presence or absence can indicate the health of a freshwater habitat.Protecting these birds is crucial for keeping the biodiversity of freshwater ecosystems.
Ducks are one of the most common birds we see around freshwater lakes.They’re water birds, meaning they spend a lot of their time swimming and searching for food in the water.　10　 They do! Their feathers are waterproof, making them perfect for living around water.
Swans are also freshwater birds.　11　 You can notice their elegance when you see them glide on the water.These white-feathered waterbirds are a sight to watch.Their long necks curve beautifully as they swim in the water.Swans are large, with wingspans that can extend to nearly 10 feet.　12　
Swans are fiercely protective of their young.　13　 Whether it’s a calm lake or a flowing river, swans are a delightful sight, adding quietness to the scene.So next time you’re near water, look out for these elegant creatures.And if you’re lucky, you might spot a family of swans gliding together.
A.Swans live on almost every continent.
B.They are known for their grace and elegance.
C.So, they are also graceful when flying in the sky.
D.Have you ever seen ducks swimming in a group on a lake
E.Did you know that ducks have special feathers that keep them dry
F.Freshwater birds play a vital role in maintaining the balance of ecosystems.
G.The baby birds are well cared for until they’re strong enough to live on their own.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了淡水鸟类的生态作用,并以鸭子和天鹅为例,具体说明其特征、习性及在生态系统中的角色。
9.【解析】选F。根据下文“它们有助于控制昆虫数量、传播种子,并促进养分循环。此外,这些鸟类还可以作为水质指标,因为它们的存在与否可以表明淡水栖息地的健康状况)”可知,此段围绕淡水鸟类的生态功能展开。选项F “淡水鸟类在维持生态系统平衡方面发挥着重要作用” 是对该段内容的总括,故选F。
10.【解析】选E。根据下文“它们确实如此!它们的羽毛是防水的,这让它们非常适合在水域周边生活”可知,前句应为针对鸭子羽毛特性的疑问句。选项 E“你知道鸭子有能让自己保持干燥的特殊羽毛吗 ” 以疑问句引出后文对羽毛防水性的回答,逻辑衔接紧密,故选E。
11.【解析】选B。根据下文“当你看到它们在水面滑行时,你会注意到它们的优雅”可知,此句描述天鹅的 “优雅”。选项B “它们以优雅著称” 符合语境,“elegance” 与后文呼应,引出对天鹅姿态的具体描述,故选B。
12.【解析】选C。根据上文“天鹅体型庞大,翼展可达近 10 英尺)”推知,巨大的翅膀会让它们飞行时也优雅。选项 C“因此,它们在天空中飞翔时也很优雅”符合语境。“also” 承接前文 “水面滑行的优雅”,进一步扩展到 “飞行姿态”,逻辑连贯,故选C。
13.【解析】选G。根据上文“天鹅会极力保护它们的幼崽”可知,此句强调天鹅对幼鸟的保护。选项 G “幼鸟会得到悉心照料,直到它们足够强壮、能够独立生活”具体说明保护幼崽的方式,故选G。核心素养测评 (30分钟　40分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共4小题;每小题2.5分,满分10分)
(2026·安徽模拟)
To determine the type and severity of cancer, scientists usually analyze thin slices of a tumor(肿瘤) under a microscope.But to tell how the tumor is treated, scientists must perform genetic sequencing(排序) of the RNA isolated from the tumor, a process that can take weeks and costs thousands of dollars.
But now, Stanford Medicine researchers have developed an artificial intelligence-powered computational program that can predict the activity of thousands of genes within tumor cells.The tool was created using data from more than 7,000 diverse tumor samples.The team showed that it could be used routinely to predict genetic variations in breast cancer and patient outcomes.
“This kind of software could be used to quickly identify gene signatures in patients’ tumors, speeding up clinical(临床的) decision-making and saving the health care system thousands of dollars,” said Olivier Gevaert, PhD.
The researchers began with 7,584 cancer biopsies(活检) from 16 different cancer types.Each biopsy had been sliced into thin sections and prepared.After the researchers integrated their new cancer biopsies as well as other datasets, including images from thousands of healthy cells, the AI program—which they named SEQUOIA—was able to predict the expression patterns of more than 15,000 different genes from the stained images.
To test the effect of SEQUOIA for clinical decision-making, Gevaert and his colleagues identified breast cancer genes that the model could accurately predict the expression of and that are already used in commercial breast cancer genomic tests.
The AI model can’t yet be used in a clinical setting, but Gevaert said his team is studying its potential applications.In the future, he said, SEQUOIA could reduce the need for expensive gene expression tests.“We’ve shown how useful this could be for breast cancer, and we can now use it for all cancers,” he said.“It’s a whole new source of data that we didn’t have before.”
【语篇属性】
语篇 类型 说明文 主题 语境 人与社会
语篇 内容 文章主要介绍了科学家研发的一种可以预测肿瘤基因活性的人工智能工具
语篇 结构 Para.1 Tumor slices show cancer type/severity;RNA sequencing for treatment is slow and costly.
Para.2 Stanford developed AI SEQUOIA(from 7k+tumors) to predict tumor genes and patient outcomes.
Para.3 Gevaert said the software speeds up decisions and cuts healthcare costs.
Para.4 Trained on 7,584 biopsies+datasets, SEQUOIA predicts 15k+genes’ expression.
Para.5 The team tested SEQUOIA on breast cancer genes in commercial tests.
Para.6 SEQUOIA isn’t clinical yet but may reduce costs, and works for all cancers.
1.How do scientists usually find out the treatment of a tumor
A.By analyzing its thin slices.
B.By using a computational program.
C.By performing genetic sequencing.
D.By referring to routinely collected data.
【解题过程】
2.What can we know about SEQUOIA from the passage
A.It has been widely used.
B.It can predict all genes’ activity.
C.It has reduced the cost of gene tests.
D.It’s likely to lessen the requirement for costly genetic tests.
【解题过程】
3.What did Gevaert think of the future of the AI model
A.Potential.　　　　　 B.Useless.
C.Changeable. D.Ambiguous.
【解题过程】
4.What is the main idea of the passage
A.A new tool for analyzing tumor slices.
B.An AI tool to predict tumor gene activity.
C.An attempt to perform original genetic sequencing.
D.AI technology to revolutionize the treatment of cancer.
【解题过程】
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
(2026·邵阳模拟)
I’m not allowed to touch the moon rocks.This is the lab where the Johnson Space Center 　5　 the original samples that the Apollo astronauts 　6　 to the earth decades ago.As I stare at the rocks through glass, Charis, my tour guide, says in a 　7　 voice: No touching the moon rocks.
Before 　8　 this clean room, I remove all my jewelry.My guide and I cover our shoes with blue-paper booties and step into full-body jumpsuits.We then 　9　 gloves and a hair cover.Finally, we spend a full minute standing in an air shower, under a steady light wind 　10　 from ceiling to floor to 　11　 us of any fine dust.
Inside the clean room, the rocks are kept in 　12　, pressurized containers.
Only five sample processors in the world get to routinely handle these 　13　 stones.They preserve and prepare the samples for studies.To pick up an Apollo rock, they must use special tools, following pretty strict 　14　 about touching samples.All the 　15　 is to protect the rocks lifted from the moon.
“One big 　16　 belief is that the Apollo samples aren’t being studied any more and that they only tell us about the moon,” says Charis.“Neither of those is true.”
Keeping priceless samples away from curious 　17　 allowed scientists to make one of the most surprising lunar 　18　 of the last 50 years: The moon is wet.Those samples are still offering fresh details about how the 　19　—and the entire solar system—formed and developed.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了阿波罗任务带回地球的月球岩石的保存和研究过程。
5.A.accumulates　　　　　　B.stores
C.tests D.analyzes 6.A.brought B.sent
C.donated D.introduced 7.A.thoughtful B.sensitive
C.eager D.firm 8.A.leaving B.inspecting
C.entering D.observing 9.A.reach for B.deal with
C.put on D.inquire about 10.A.blowing B.shooting
C.sweeping D.rising 11.A.warn B.assure
C.remind D.clear 12.A.useful B.secure
C.empty D.new 13.A.precious B.strange
C.clean D.previous 14.A.schedules B.laws
C.rules D.orders 15.A.effort B.sacrifice
C.arrangement D.reform 16.A.uncommon B.contradictory
C.impractical D.mistaken 17.A.minds B.looks
C.fingers D.questions 18.A.attempts B.fortune
C.reservation D.discoveries 19.A.sun B.moon
C.earth D.universe Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
　　Morse code(摩斯密码) is named 20._________ Samuel F.B.Morse, a painter and founder of the National Academy of Design.He, along with two other engineers, developed the telegraph and the code 21._________ uses a set of dots and dashes or short and long pulses to represent each letter of the English alphabet.The first working telegraph was produced in 1837.This made 22._________ possible to send messages over any 23._________(distant).The first Morse code message 24._________(send) from Washington to Baltimore in 1844.
Today experienced operators copy received text without the need to write as they receive.Morse code can be sent 25._________(use) sound or light, as sometimes happens between ships at sea.It can be used to send messages in English 26._________ many other languages.For languages not 27._________(write) with the Latin alphabet, other versions of Morse code are used.The Chinese telegraph code is used to change Chinese 28._________(character) into four-digit(四位数) codes and then those digits are sent through standard Morse code.29._________(similar), Korean Morse code uses the SKATS(Standard Korean Alphabet Transliteration System) to allow Korean to be typed on Western typewriters.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了摩斯密码的相关情况,包括创始人塞缪尔,1836年首台电报机问世,1844年首发电报,电报通过声或光发送,适用多种语言。核心素养测评 (30分钟　40分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共4小题;每小题2.5分,满分10分)
(2026·益阳模拟)
Driving to a meeting at the Calgary Construction Association, I relaxed by listening to the radio, eager for non-construction news.I heard an interview with Elaine Overholt, who’d taught Chicago’s cast to sing and was selling a new singing-lesson CD.Having just been “fired” from my husband’s band for not taking singing seriously, I thought I should buy it.
Two years later, on a lunch break, I finally decided to look online and buy the CD.It turned out that Elaine was coming to Calgary that weekend!
On Saturday morning, I arrived at the National Music Centre with 60 strangers.After we settled in, Elaine arrived to enthusiastic applause.The morning involved vocal(发声的) exercises:controlled breathing, mouth stretches, and sounds like “Maw-meee-mee-mee”.
Then came individual performances in front of the entire group.Nervous, I watched others perform.The first woman went up and sang with a high, trembling voice—unlike her natural tone.I started fooling myself:I could do this.Elaine gave her helpful advice and the woman thanked her before stepping down.The next student stepped up and opened her mouth.She was great! Could be Celine Dion in disguise.When she stopped singing like an angel, I made my move to sneak away.“Nope!” Elaine yelled from the stage, pointing directly at me.I sank into my chair.She asked my preferred key.“The lowest possible,” I requested.She played a note, and I sang her song about rainbows, instantly realizing it was too high.By the end, only dogs could hear me.Elaine said, “You really made that your own,” and talked about “key choice” and “breath control”.
As I left the stage, the crowd surprised me.A man shook my hand, grinning, “You just inspired me to try!” Another woman hugged me, “Your courage moved me.” Their warmth transformed my embarrassment into pride—I hadn’t sung perfectly, but I’d sung truly.And that mattered most.
【语篇属性】
语篇 类型 记叙文 主题 语境 人与 自我
语篇 内容 文章主要讲述了作者参加声乐课并克服紧张勇敢表演的经历
语篇 结构 Para.1 First Encounter with Elaine (Heard Elaine on the radio, wanted her singing CD.)
Para.2 Unexpected News (Found Elaine would come to Calgary that weekend.)
Para.3 Joining Elaine’s Class (Attended her class, did morning vocal exercises.)
Paras. 4、5 Unwilling Individual Performance (Watched others perform,tried to escape but sang poorly on stage.)
Para.6 Post-Performance Enlightenment (Got encouragement, turned embarrassment to pride.)
1.Why did the author want to buy Elaine’s CD
A.To prepare for a meeting.
B.To better her singing.
C.To explore vocal coaching.
D.To join her husband’s band.
【解题过程】
2.How did the author feel after the first woman’s performance
A.Secure and confident.
B.Anxious and doubtful.
C.Amused and entertained.
D.Lost and embarrassed.
【解题过程】
3.Why did the author try to leave before her turn
A.She found the activity a little boring.
B.She worried about not finding the right key.
C.She felt discouraged after hearing an excellent singer.
D.She didn’t like performing in front of too many people.
【解题过程】
4.How did others react to the author’s performance
A.They appreciated her courage.
B.They offered her further guidance.
C.They were impressed by her voice.
D.They encouraged her to sing more.
【解题过程】
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
(2025·湖南模拟)
As a child, I was convinced that a career in health was for me.I dreamed of creating pioneering 　5　 to treat patients all around the world.
But as the years progressed, my 　6　 seemed unattainable.It was hard to see myself in a field where few people from my background were 　7　, since I was one of the few Black students in my STEM courses.I wanted to become both a(n) 　8　 and a surgeon.As a first-generation student, I also struggled to find guidance on how to reach my career goal.But my undergraduate advisers were 　9　 and suggested I focus on one field.These experiences left me 　10　 my plans.
But things changed after I started rowing.I 　11　 joined my college’s boat club just to expand my social circle.Rowing suffers from the same lack of 　12　 as biomedical research, with very few Black women rowers.When I joined the boat club, I was very nervous—the same feeling I experienced in science.I assumed rowing was demanding.Luckily, my fellow rowers 　13　 me, who not only gave me guidance to improve my 　14　, but made me feel valued.Thus, I now 　15　 the fact that I’m already doing what once appeared impossible when I have my doubts about 　16　 in science.
Rowing also helped me develop discipline and a new approach to tackling difficult tasks.I also began to use a strategy of rowing in my PhD.—viewing my 　17　 experiments as many simple goals.Instead of giving in to the fear of 　18　, I focused on how to ensure each step was successful.Over time, I’ve found a new level of 　19　—both on the water and in the lab.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过赛艇运动重拾科研信心并找到应对挑战的新方法。
5.A.systems　　　　　　　B.styles
C.facilities D.cures 6.A.ambition B.fantasy
C.effort D.exploration 7.A.spotted B.represented
C.rewarded D.charged 8.A.inventor B.instructor
C.researcher D.rower 9.A.frustrated B.opposed
C.refreshed D.motivated 10.A.canceling B.ignoring
C.suspecting D.updating 11.A.initially B.smoothly
C.secretly D.eagerly 12.A.inspiration B.respect
C.tolerance D.diversity 13.A.promoted B.accepted
C.forgave D.persuaded 14.A.adaptability B.productivity
C.mood D.technique 15.A.reflect on B.put forward
C.account for D.look into 16.A.belonging B.meaning
C.suffering D.training 17.A.vital B.innovative
C.complex D.permanent 18.A.discontent B.disharmony
C.inflexibility D.incompetence 19.A.peace B.confidence
C.sympathy D.balance Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
(2026·四川模拟)
Khamisi Ally Abdi, an African student in Cangzhou Technical College, Hebei Province, has practised tai chi for many years.Having worshiped Chinese kung fu stars as a child, the Tanzanian understood Chinese kung fu to be 20._________ fast-paced attack and defense art before he 21._________ (arrive) in China, but now he realizes tai chi is different.It is tai chi moves with balance and deep rhythmic breathing 22._________ allow him to feel the charm of the exercise.It brings peace and 23._________ (calm) to his mind while building his muscles.
The college, as one of International Exchange centers, 24._________ (enroll) (录取) more than 300 international students from over countries since 2016, 25._________(main) countries along “the Belt and Road”, providing a tai chi course for all foreign students.26._________ (practise) tai chi has led Abdi to acquire a comprehensive appreciation of this Chinese culture and ideology.He now prefers people 27._________ (call) him by his Chinese name Chen Yanzhi, as the characters of Yanzhi carry the meaning of talented and virtuous.The art has inspired his understanding of China.28._________ he is longing for is teaching tai chi in his country and he expresses hope that this magical kung fu can be 29._________(benefit) to more people.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了来自非洲的Khamisi Ally Abdi在中国学习期间对太极拳感受颇深的事情。核心素养测评 (25分钟　32.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分,满分20分)
A
(2026·湖北模拟)
I remember opening my laptop one day in fifth grade after a silly conversation with my cousin about scary story ideas.Hours later, I completed my first short story.Since then, I’ve written many stories, short and long.But also, since then, I’ve read more and noticed just how well people my age could write.Since then, I also felt less and less willing to share my work:what if my writing isn’t as good as everybody else’s What started off as something creative that I could share with friends turned into a competition shaped by feelings of competence.Oftentimes, hobbies begin as something just for fun.But eventually, what was once fun now contributes to feelings of stress and inadequacy.I have plenty of memories of thinking I was going to pick up something new and stick with it, whether it be playing the piano, or drawing.But there is always a part of me that expects myself to just magically be good at all of those things.And when I’m not, the enjoyment tapers off as, slowly, I think mediocrity(平庸) isn’t acceptable anymore.
Writing is the only hobby that I have repeatedly come back to despite dropping it constantly.I can see the growth in my writing all these years, but the expectations to be better and better are never satisfied.This is why I drop writing for months at a time.This feeling of a hobby becoming, for lack of a better word, a chore, lowers the satisfaction of said hobby.
But hobbies are there to give you a breath of fresh air from having to excel at everything, from academics to your occupation.We must accept that it is okay to just suck at(不擅长) an activity but still do it because it brings you joy.There is a balance between joy and expectations, either set by others or by ourselves.
【语篇属性】
语篇 类型 记叙文 主题 语境 人与自我
语篇 内容 作者讲述了自己从五年级开始写作,随着阅读增多,发现同龄人写作水平高,写作从创意分享变成竞争,最后指出爱好应带来快乐,要在快乐和期望间找到平衡
语篇 结构 Para.1 Hobbies change from fun to stress due to competition.
Para.2 Writing becomes a chore due to unmet expectations.
Para.3 Hobbies should balance joy and expectations.
1.What does the author do in the first paragraph
A.He challenges a tradition.
B.He relates an experience.
C.He envisions a coming trend.
D.He compares varied hobbies.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:the author do
定信息 在原文中定位关键信息,确定答题关键句为第一段第一句: “I remember opening my laptop one day in fifth grade after a silly conversation with my cousin about scary story ideas.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A He challenges a tradition. 无中生有 考查对第一段内容的准确理解
B He relates an experience. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果
C He envisions a coming trend. 无中生有
D He compares varied hobbies. 无中生有
分析:选B。第一段主要讲述了作者在五年级时开始写作的经历,以及随着时间的推移,写作从一种乐趣变成了带有竞争感和压力的活动。选项B“他讲述了一段经历”准确概括了这一段的内容
2.Which can best replace the underlined phrase “tapers off” in Paragraph 1
A.Thins out.　　　　　　 B.Tops out.
C.Builds up. D.Spreads around.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:tapers off
定信息 在原文中定位关键信息,确定答题关键句为首段最后一句“And when I’m not, the enjoyment tapers off as, slowly, I think mediocrity isn’t acceptable anymore.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A Thins out. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果 考查对文中关键词“tapers off”的理解
B Tops out. 曲解文意
C Builds up. 曲解文意
D Spreads around. 曲解文意
分析:选A。作者提到“the enjoyment tapers off as, slowly, I think mediocrity isn’t acceptable anymore”,意味着随着作者认为平庸不再可接受,写作的乐趣逐渐减少。选项A“Thins out(逐渐减少)”与上下文相符,准确解释了“tapers off”的含义
3.Why does the author drop writing constantly
A.He is inadequate for it.
B.He prefers mediocrity.
C.He equates joy with achievement.
D.He receives bitter comment.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:drop writing
定信息 在原文中定位关键信息,确定答题关键句为文章第二段“Writing is the only hobby that I have repeatedly come back to despite dropping it constantly.I can see the growth in my writing all these years, but the expectations to be better and better are never satisfied.This is why I drop writing for months at a time.This feeling of a hobby becoming, for lack of a better word, a chore, lowers the satisfaction of said hobby.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A He is inadequate for it. 无中生有 考查对第二段内容的准确理解
B He prefers mediocrity. 无中生有
C He equates joy with achievement. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果
D He receives bitter comment. 无中生有
分析:选C。第二段提到作者虽然看到自己写作的进步,但对更好的期望从未得到满足,这使得写作变成了一种负担,降低了写作的乐趣。选项C“他将乐趣与成就等同起来”准确描述了作者放弃写作的原因,即作者认为只有达到一定的成就才能感到乐趣
4.What message does the passage convey
A.Mediocrity is the key to enjoyment.
B.A hobby shared is a hobby squared.
C.Excellence ensures academic success.
D.Enjoyment outweighs excellence in hobbies.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息: convey
定信息 在原文中定位关键信息,确定答题关键句为最后一段“But hobbies are there to give you a breath of fresh air from having to excel at everything, from academics to your occupation.We must accept that it is okay to just suck at an activity but still do it because it brings you joy.There is a balance between joy and expectations, either set by others or by ourselves.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A Mediocrity is the key to enjoyment. 曲解文意 考查对文章整体内容的理解和概括
B A hobby shared is a hobby squared. 无中生有
C Excellence ensures academic success. 无中生有
D Enjoyment outweighs excellence in hobbies. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果
分析:选D。文章通过作者的写作经历,讨论了爱好从乐趣变成压力的过程,并最终强调了爱好应该是为了享受,而不是为了达到某种成就。选项D“在爱好中,享受胜过卓越”准确概括了文章的主题,即爱好应该带来快乐,而不是追求卓越
B
(2025·湖南模拟)
I was born in a small town in Pakistan called Quetta in 1980.When I was a little boy of about ten years old,I developed an interest in calligraphy.Back then we only had a TV channel with limited programs. One of the programs was about learning calligraphy.I was engaged and spent several years learning different calligraphy scripts(笔迹) in the Urdu language.
After graduation, I came to Dubai, UAE.Falling in love with the architecture and high-rise buildings, I wanted to shoot the amazing beauty from different angles.So I bought a camera, learned photography, joined photography groups and attended workshops.After a few years, I got bored of photographing landscapes and cityscapes.
Seven years ago, while going through the photography blogs and looking through others’ works,I read the term called “light painting”,a photography technique that allows you to draw in space.I started experimenting with that and soon it hit me:why not bring back my passion for calligraphy by using light painting technique Since that day,I’ve been drawing light calligraphy.To achieve the best results,I decided to build the lights myself.The best part about my works is that they are not photoshopped.I prefer to get the results straight out of the camera.I don’t even turn over the images.To achieve that, I have to write in reverse(倒置) and that has taken a lot of practice to get right.
Currently, I’m working on the idea of bringing abandoned places back to life, including buildings which have lost their charm and are hidden in the darkness.Through my photography, I try to employ light calligraphy by writing a word that attaches a deep meaning to those places and telling stories behind them.In this way, I hope people will revisit these places and appreciate the real reason for their construction.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从对书法感兴趣到在迪拜从事光绘书法摄影的经历和创作理念。
5.What can be implied from the author’s experience in Quetta
A.He had access to plenty of art resources.
B.He was fond of calligraphy channels.
C.He grasped scripts of many languages.
D.He was willing to dig into calligraphy.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段中“I was engaged and spent several years learning different calligraphy scripts in the Urdu language.(我全神贯注,花了好几年的时间学习乌尔都语的不同书法笔迹。)”可知,作者愿意深入研究书法。故选D。
6.What made the author interested in taking pictures in Dubai
A.Visual impacts of structures.
B.Remarkable urban planning.
C.Mysterious building stories.
D.Odd angles of architecture.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中“Falling in love with the architecture and high-rise buildings, I wanted to shoot the amazing beauty from different angles.(我爱上了这里的建筑和高楼大厦,想从不同的角度拍摄这份令人惊叹的美。)”可知,建筑物的视觉冲击力让作者对在迪拜拍照产生了兴趣。故选A。
7.How did the author enhance the effects of light calligraphy
A.By learning from others.
B.By sticking to originality.
C.By beautifying his photos.
D.By drawing in open space.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段中“The best part about my works is that they are not photoshopped.I prefer to get the results straight out of the camera.(我的作品的最好的部分是它们没有经过修图软件处理。我更喜欢直接从相机里得到成品效果。)”可知,作者通过坚持原创性来增强光绘书法的效果。故选B。
8.What is the author’s role in practising his current idea
A.A writer putting down real thoughts.
B.An educator spreading sound values.
C.An artist regenerating forgotten sites.
D.A historian looking for ignored areas.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Currently, I’m working on the idea of bringing abandoned places back to life, including buildings which have lost their charm and are hidden in the darkness.Through my photography, I try to employ light calligraphy by writing a word that attaches a deep meaning to those places and telling stories behind them.(目前,我正在研究如何让废弃的地方重现生机,包括那些失去魅力、隐藏在黑暗中的建筑。通过我的摄影,我尝试用光绘书法写下一个对这些地方有深刻意义的词,并讲述它们背后的故事。)”可知,作者目前所扮演的角色是让被遗忘的遗址重现生机的艺术家。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
(2026·广西模拟)
Practical Ways to Develop Wisdom in Daily Life
Wisdom provides us with insight when we need it, calms us down in terrible situations,and serves as a light of hope in the darkness.　9　Here are some strategies that you can use to get wiser.
Try experiencing new opportunities.
Variety is the joy of life, but seizing new opportunities is also a vital way to gain wisdom.You will never achieve growth if you stay trapped in your comfort zone, which is why stepping out of it is crucial.　10　For instance,you can sign up for courses to master new skills that you never thought of learning, or plan trips to destinations that have long been on your wish list.
　11　
We need to be open to different views, as this will create new pathways for us.Observe the world from different angles,and it will always help you out.Never base your judgment only on the most popular idea or what feels most comfortable for you.Train your mind to welcome various thoughts without quick criticism.
Never back away from learning.
You must be the kind of person who learns something new every day.You can take new classes, read books, listen to educational podcasts(播客), and if something confuses you,search the Internet to clear up your problems.　12　
Value your mistakes.
　13　Whenever we make a mistake, we should draw lessons from it.We can reflect on what caused our failure, so that we may make targeted improvements.Stop shifting blame to others for your errors and honestly admit where you went wrong.Your best teacher will always be your last mistake,so take the most valuable lessons from it.
A.So it’s an essential life skill.
B.Expose yourself to diverse insights.
C.All these activities will enrich your knowledge.
D.Specific actions can help you put this into practice.
E.Gaining lessons from mistakes helps us accept ourselves.
F.Learning from errors and acknowledging them pushes us to grow.
G.Stepping out of comfort zones requires courage and determination.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章强调了智慧的重要性,并提出了发展智慧的方法:抓住新机会、接触多元观点、坚持学习以及从错误中吸取教训,帮助读者在日常生活中变得更明智。
9.【解析】选A。上文“Wisdom provides us with insight when we need it, calms us down in terrible situations,and serves as a light of hope in the darkness.(智慧在我们需要时为我们提供洞察力,在糟糕的情况下让我们平静下来,并在黑暗中作为希望之光。)”阐述了智慧在我们生活中的诸多重要作用,说明智慧是一种很重要的能力。A选项“So it’s an essential life skill.(所以它是一项基本的生活技能。)”承接上文,对智慧的重要性进行总结,符合语境。故选A。
10.【解析】选D。上文“You will never achieve growth if you stay trapped in your comfort zone, which is why stepping out of it is crucial.(如果你一直困在自己的舒适区,就永远无法获得成长,这就是为什么走出舒适区至关重要。)”强调了走出舒适区对成长的重要性;下文“For instance,you can sign up for courses to master new skills that you never thought of learning, or plan trips to destinations that have long been on your wish list.(例如,你可以报名参加课程来掌握你从未想过要学习的新技能,或者计划去那些早已在你愿望清单上的目的地旅行。)”列举了走出舒适区的具体做法。D选项“Specific actions can help you put this into practice.(具体的行动可以帮助你将其付诸实践。)”起到承上启下的作用,引出下文的具体行动,符合语境。故选D。
11.【解析】选B。该空位于段落开头,是本段的主题句。下文“We need to be open to different...”主要讲述了要接受不同的观点,从不同的角度看世界。B选项“Expose yourself to diverse insights.(让自己接触多元的见解。)”概括了本段主旨,符合语境。故选B。
12.【解析】选C。上文“You must be the kind of person who learns something new every day.You can take new classes, read books, listen to educational podcasts, and if something confuses you, search the Internet to clear up your problems.(你必须成为一个每天都学习新东西的人。你可以参加新的课程、读书、听教育类播客,如果有让你困惑的东西,就上网解决你的问题。)”列举了一些学习新知识的途径;C选项“All these activities will enrich your knowledge.(所有这些活动都会丰富你的知识。)”承接上文,对这些学习活动的作用进行总结,说明它们能丰富知识,符合语境。故选C。
13.【解析】选F。该段的主题句是“Value your mistakes.(重视你的错误。)”,强调要重视错误。下文“Whenever we make a mistake, we should draw lessons from it.We can reflect on what caused our failure, so that we may make targeted improvements.Stop shifting blame to others for your errors and honestly admit where you went wrong.Your best teacher will always be your last mistake, so take the most valuable lessons from it.(每当我们犯错误时,我们都应该从中吸取教训。我们可以反思是什么导致了我们的失败,这样我们就可以有针对性地改进。不要因为自己的错误而把责任推给别人,要诚实地承认自己哪里错了。你最好的老师永远是你犯的上一个错误,所以要从中吸取最有价值的教训。)”进一步阐述了要从错误中吸取教训,推动自己成长。F选项“Learning from errors and acknowledging them pushes us to grow.(从错误中学习并承认错误会推动我们成长。)”与该段主题和内容相符,符合语境。故选F。核心素养测评 (30分钟　40分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共4小题;每小题2.5分,满分10分)
(2026·福州模拟)
Conservationists note that two-thirds of British butterfly species have declined over 40 years, threatening ecosystems.Caterpillars, the larval stage of butterflies, consume plants and feed birds, bats and small mammals.Understanding the decline is the key to reversing it.
Butterflies need moderate temperatures, but climate change brings warmer summers, forcing them to adjust activity and reproduction timing.Scientists call this “advancing phenology(物候)”.
Over 20 years, Britain’s spring temperatures rose roughly 0.5°C, and most butterflies advanced their life-cycle by three to seven days.Whether this adaptation works remains unclear, but a new study explores it.
Researchers analyzed 20 years of data on 130 species from butterfly enthusiasts.They tracked abundance, distribution, northward movement and adult emergence timing.They found species with flexible lifecycles, which produce multiple generations yearly, thrived.Those advancing phenology the most saw population growth.For example, the Small Blue, Britain’s tiniest butterfly, emerges early, allowing summer generations another reproductive cycle by autumn.
However, single-generation species gained no benefit.Worse, those tied to specific habitats, which are link to caterpillar diets, were harmed.The endangered High Brown Fritillary is a single-generation species living in trimmed(修剪过的) woodlands and limestone pavements.It has declined, with climate change a likely factor.
Fortunately, hope exists.Some single-generation British species add a second generation in warm European years.As the climate warms, UK species like the Silver-studded Blue might follow, boosting populations.Conservationists can use this knowledge to identify at-risk species.The White Admiral is one example.It has declined over the past 20 years, possibly due to climate change and its caterpillars’ sole reliance on honeysuckle.
【语篇属性】
语篇 类型 说明文 主题 语境 人与自然
语篇 内容 文章主要讲述了气候变暖导致英国蝴蝶物候变化,不同生命周期的蝴蝶受到的影响不同,这为保护濒危物种提供依据
语篇 结构 Para.1 Two-thirds of British butterflies declined in 40 years;understanding why is the key.
Para.2 Climate change warms summers, forcing butterflies to advance phenology.
Para.3 Britain’s spring warmed 0.5°C;butterflies advanced life-cycles 3—7 days(adaptation effect unclear).
Para.4 Study:Multi-generation, flexible butterflies thrived(e.g. The Small Blue’s early emergence).
Para.5 Single-generation species(e.g. The High Brown Fritillary) suffered, especially habitat-specific ones.
Para.6 Hope:Some may add generations;conservationists target at-risk species like the White Admiral.
1.Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 1
A.There were fewer butterflies in Britain four decades ago than at present.
B.Caterpillars are eaten by a number of different kinds of predators.
C.Some butterflies have a reduced lifespan due to spring temperature increases.
D.The data used in the study was taken from the work of professional butterfly watchers.
【解题过程】
2.What mainly gives rise to “advancing phenology”
A.Need of battling with changing environment.
B.Need of recording reproduction time.
C.Need of researching how climate kills species.
D.Need of calculating migration distances.
【解题过程】
3.Why does the author choose the White Admiral as an example
A.To highlight that climate change is a vital cause of population decline in butterflies.
B.To illustrate how habitat loss accelerates the effects of phenology shifts.
C.To show the delicacy of species with both inflexible life cycles and requirements.
D.To argue that single-generation species cannot benefit from conservation with intervention.
【解题过程】
4.What is the best title for the passage
A.Ecosystems at risk!
B.Hope for caterpillars!
C.Climate harms all!
D.Butterflies’ phenology shifts!
【解题过程】
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
(2026·莆田模拟)
Every morning, Betty rushes to her backyard with a small bowl of millet, her steps light with 　5　 to meet her sparrow.The bird—with soft brown feathers and bright black eyes like tiny beads—always waits on the old wooden 　6　, tilting its head now and then to spot her.They first met last spring:Betty found it under the apple tree, its left 　7　 twisted and weak.She gently picked it up, carried it inside, cleaned the wound with warm water, and fed it soft bread 　8　.
At first, the sparrow feared Betty, fluttering its good wing nervously when she came 　9　.But Betty never rushed;she spoke in a soft voice, telling stories of her school or her cat Mimi.Day by day, the bird started to 　10　 her—even nudging her hand for food.When its wing healed, Betty opened the window, hoping it’d fly home.To her 　11　, it didn’t leave.Instead, it sang 　12　 songs each morning, making the yard lively.
Now, they have a sweet routine.The sparrow 　13　 on Betty’s shoulder as she waters flowers. Its claws are light so it won’t hurt her.She 　14　 it “Tweetie” for its clear, sweet chirps.On rainy days, she leaves a cardboard shelter filled with dry grass on the fence—Tweetie flies in at once to stay 　15　.
Betty’s mom often says friendship grows between the most 　16　 beings.Looking at Tweetie hop by her feet while she reads, sometimes pecking her book gently, Betty knows this is 　17　.Those small daily moments—feeding time, the songs, rainy-day shelters—are the 　18　 part of her life, a little 　19　 she looks forward to.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了贝蒂与一只麻雀之间从救助到建立深厚友谊的故事,展现了不同生物之间也能产生美好情谊。
5.A.excitement　　　　　B.worry
C.tiredness D.anxiety 6.A.bench B.wall
C.fence D.shelf 7.A.wing B.leg
C.beak D.tail 8.A.loaves B.pies
C.slices D.crumbs 9.A.down B.far
C.up D.near 10.A.trust B.avoid
C.doubt D.ignore 11.A.surprise B.sadness
C.anger D.disappointment 12.A.dull B.quiet
C.cheerful D.low 13.A.walks B.perches
C.jumps D.stands 14.A.calls B.names
C.gives D.keeps 15.A.calm B.cool
C.warm D.still 16.A.common B.similar
C.ordinary D.different 17.A.wrong B.true
C.funny D.strange 18.A.hardest B.busiest
C.happiest D.longest 19.A.joy B.routine
C.judgment D.responsibility Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
　　In February 2023, destructive earthquakes struck Turkey and Syria, leaving countless buildings in ruins.Many families 20._________　　(suffer) from cold and hunger since then, with no proper shelter to protect them from the harsh weather.Witnesses recalled feeling entirely 21._________(power) as the ground shook and homes collapsed, unable to do anything but flee.In the chaos, several people 22._________(bury) under the rubble(碎石) in an instant, and others cried for help as rescuers raced against time to reach them.Some survivors risked their lives trying to pull others out, only 23._________(injure) by falling debris(碎片).
Amid the terror of repeated aftershocks, the 24._________(present) of rescuers brought a measure of calm to those trapped.Among the rescuers, a group of volunteers, half of 25._________ were teenagers, showed remarkable courage.They braved 26._________(extreme) dangerous conditions, carrying the wounded to safety despite their exhaustion.To them, taking 27._________ responsibility in such a crisis was not a burden but 28._________ honor, and their selflessness soon gained national recognition through media coverage.29._________(look) back on that tragic week, survivors often mention how the volunteers’ bravery turned despair into a faint yet enduring spark of hope. 核心素养测评 (25分钟　32.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分,满分20分)
A
(2025·河北模拟)
Saltwater recreational fishing is part of Florida’s tourist economy.Anglers(垂钓者) take 40 million saltwater fishing trips each year in Florida in hopes of hooking snappers and hogfish.But strict fishing regulations mean that most of the caught fish are safely returned to the water.
On Biscayne Bay, Captain Wayne Conn’s 75-foot boat carried twenty anglers.It was not long before one fisherman made a catch.It was a mutton snapper, but it was just 17 inches long.It had to go back in the water.But it couldn’t be just thrown back.
Marine fisheries specialist Angela Collins said, “When reef fish living in deep water are brought to the surface, the gases in their bodies expand, sometimes greatly.They can experience a condition known as barotrauma.That’s when you see the fish’s eyes bulging(鼓胀) out of its head or its stomach popping out of its mouth.That gas expands and has to go somewhere, maybe is detrimental to the fish.”
Anglers must have special equipment on board to ensure reef fish survive once they’re returned to the water.That includes long needles to pierce the fish’s swim bladder in its body, releasing the pressure.But it’s also important to get the fish back down to its habitat on the bottom, 100 feet or more below the surface.Collins attached a weight to the fish’s lower lip before lowering it slowly back into the water.“This just shoots it down fast,” she said.“It’s closed until this gets to 100 feet.It pops open, letting the fish swim off.”
The ship moved to a different spot in deeper water and someone soon got a hit.Collins gave a shout.“Check it out, that fish is special,” she said.It was a 7- or 8-pound mutton snapper.That was a great food fish.But Lauren Hayes from the University of Miami decided to release it.“I love animals.Fishing is what it is, and the moments waiting for a fish to bite feel more real than having it in the net,” she said.
【语篇属性】
语篇 类型 说明文 主题 语境 人与自然
语篇 内容 主要介绍了佛罗里达海水休闲垂钓的情况,当地规定多数渔获需放生,还介绍了深水鱼减压存活的处理方法,并讲述了一位垂钓者为体验垂钓乐趣而放生大鱼的故事
语篇 结构 Para.1 Florida’s saltwater fishing aids tourism, but strict rules mean most fish are released.
Para.2 An angler on Conn’s boat caught a 17-inch snapper needing proper release.
Para.3 Collins:Deep fish get barotrauma(gas expansion harms them) when brought up.
Para.4 Anglers use needles(release pressure) and weights to return fish to deep habitats.
Para.5 A big snapper was caught, but Hayes released it for the fishing experience.
1.Why was the 17-inch-long fish thrown back
A.It was a special fish.
B.It was under the limit.
C.Its body expanded greatly.
D.Its condition was terrible.
【解题过程】
2.What does the underlined word “detrimental” in Paragraph 3 mean
A.Harmful.　　　　　　B.Unique.
C.Familiar. D.Essential.
【解题过程】
3.What is the special equipment used for
A.Protecting the fish’s habitat.
B.Making reef fish living well.
C.Monitoring the fish’s population.
D.Ensuring the released fish’s safety.
【解题过程】
4.Which statement may Lauren Hayes agree with
A.Big fish should be kept for eating.
B.Strict regulations make fishing less fun.
C.The main purpose of fishing is to catch fish.
D.The meaning of fishing lies in the experience.
【解题过程】
B
(2026·江西模拟)
Positioned high above New York’s fish-filled Hudson River, the Bear Mountain Bridge, a 2,255-foot suspension bridge roughly 50 miles north of Manhattan, offers an appealing nesting ground for ospreys, which are masters at flying down into bodies of water to catch fish.The large birds have nests atop the bridge tower.However, this is not their first time on this scenic spot.
“Two years ago at the bridge, the large birds started building nests on top of the tower,” says Craig Gardner, manager of maintenance for the New York State Bridge Authority.“We had to go up to try to encourage them to go someplace else.But last year, before we could get the nests, they laid eggs.”
While the nesting birds are a good indicator of the ecological recovery of the Hudson, the nests can pose some risks to approximately 20,000 vehicles per day which cross the Bear Mountain Bridge.The nest itself is about 250 feet above the roadway, so if a stick, a branch, or even a fish falls out of it, cars and people below are at risk.
The New York State Bridge Authority, which operates and maintains five bridges along the Mid-Hudson River Valley, typically tries to encourage the birds to nest on the lower spots, closer to the river and away from cars.But these birds appear to be seeking out the top spots with impressive views.
The solution:a human-built steel nesting box made especially for the ospreys.Instead of dismantling the nests, workers installed(安装) a steel box so that the birds could have a safer place to build nests.
The box is similar to a basket with a mesh(细网) inside.“The birds went back there as soon as we left, rearranging the sticks and establishing their nests,” says Gardner.
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了纽约哈德逊河上方的熊山大桥上,鱼鹰筑巢给过往车辆带来安全隐患,为此纽约州桥梁管理局为鱼鹰安装人工筑巢箱,以保障安全,体现了人与动物和谐共处。
5.Why did the workers of the Authority go up to the tower two years ago
A.To build safer nests.
B.To collect the eggs.
C.To count the nesting birds.
D.To drive the ospreys away. 6.What is Paragraph 3 intended to stress
A.The bridge needs updating for its appeal.
B.Nests above the roadway can cause risks.
C.Nesting birds benefit the local ecosystem.
D.Ospreys are not masters at building nests. 7.What does the underlined word “dismantling” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean
A.Decoration.　　　　B.Locating.
C.Removing. D.Repairing. 8.Which topic is closely related to the text
A.Wildlife Protection Is Worrying
B.Urban Planning Requires Creativity
C.Humans and Animals Live in Harmony
D.Advanced Technology Works Wonders Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
(2026·陕西模拟)
Freshwater birds are birds that live near rivers and lakes, instead of the ocean or sea.These birds are usually expert divers and swimmers and have thick, downy feathers to keep them warm.
　9　 They help control insect populations, spread seeds, and contribute to nutrient cycling.Additionally, these birds serve as indicators of water quality, because their presence or absence can indicate the health of a freshwater habitat.Protecting these birds is crucial for keeping the biodiversity of freshwater ecosystems.
Ducks are one of the most common birds we see around freshwater lakes.They’re water birds, meaning they spend a lot of their time swimming and searching for food in the water.　10　 They do! Their feathers are waterproof, making them perfect for living around water.
Swans are also freshwater birds.　11　 You can notice their elegance when you see them glide on the water.These white-feathered waterbirds are a sight to watch.Their long necks curve beautifully as they swim in the water.Swans are large, with wingspans that can extend to nearly 10 feet.　12　
Swans are fiercely protective of their young.　13　 Whether it’s a calm lake or a flowing river, swans are a delightful sight, adding quietness to the scene.So next time you’re near water, look out for these elegant creatures.And if you’re lucky, you might spot a family of swans gliding together.
A.Swans live on almost every continent.
B.They are known for their grace and elegance.
C.So, they are also graceful when flying in the sky.
D.Have you ever seen ducks swimming in a group on a lake
E.Did you know that ducks have special feathers that keep them dry
F.Freshwater birds play a vital role in maintaining the balance of ecosystems.
G.The baby birds are well cared for until they’re strong enough to live on their own.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了淡水鸟类的生态作用,并以鸭子和天鹅为例,具体说明其特征、习性及在生态系统中的角色。核心素养测评 (15分钟　20分)
阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分,满分20分)
A
(2026·宁德模拟)
Your phone has a screen that displays images and videos.The screen uses tiny dots known as pixels(像素) that consist of three primary colors:red,green and blue.By mixing these colors in different ways,your phone can show you everything from beautiful beach scenes to cute puppies.
Now imagine something similar for smells.Scientists are developing digital scent technology that uses a small number of different cartridges(暗盒),each containing a specific scent.Just like how pixels mix the three basic colors to create images,these scent cartridges could mix to create different smells.Just as images on your phone are made of digital codes that represent combinations of pixels,smells produced by a future phone could be created through digital codes.Each smell could have a specific recipe made up of different amounts of the ingredients in the cartridges.
When you receive a digital scent code,your phone could mix tiny amounts of the different scents from the cartridges to create the desired smell.This mix would then be released through a small vent on the phone,allowing you to smell it.With just a few cartridges,your phone could potentially create a huge variety of smells,much like how red,green and blue pixels can create countless colors.
Creating a phone that can produce smells involves several challenges.One is designing a system that can produce thousands of different smells using only a few cartridges.Another is how to control how strong a scent should be and how long a phone should send it out.And phones will also need to sense odors near them and convert those to digital codes so that your friends’ phones can send smells to you.The cartridges should also be easy to refill,and the chemicals in them should be safe to breathe.These hurdles make it a tricky but exciting area of research.
【语篇属性】
语篇 类型 说明文 主题 语境 人与 社会
语篇 内容 介绍了数字气味技术,包括它的工作原理和应用潜力,及其面临的诸多挑战
语篇 结构 Para.1 Phone Screens’ Pixel Function (Phone screens use pixels for images/videos.)
Para.2 Digital Scent Tech Development (Scientists develop digital scent tech with cartridges.)
Para.3 How Phones Release Digital Smells (Phones mix scents to release via vents.)
Para.4 Challenges of Scent-Producing Phones (Challenges exist for scent-producing phones.)
1.What enables a phone screen to present diverse visual contents from Paragraph 1
A.Special sensors detecting colors.
B.A unique way for color reflection.
C.Advanced software for image generation.
D.Pixels of three primary colors in combination.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:present diverse visual contents from Paragraph 1
定信息 定位第一段中的“The screen uses tiny dots known as pixels that consist of three primary colors:red,green and blue.By mixing these colors in different ways,your phone can show you everything from beautiful beach scenes to cute puppies.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A Special sensors detecting colors. 无中生有
B A unique way for color reflection. 无中生有
C Advanced software for image generation. 无中生有
D Pixels of three primary colors in combination. 根据锁定答题关键句信息推断得出结果
分析:选D。根据第一段内容可知,让手机屏幕呈现多样化的视觉内容的是三种原色像素的组合
2.What can we learn about digital scent from Paragraph 2
A.It is created by using cartridges.
B.It’s a fully-developed technology.
C.It comes from the same cartridges.
D.It is related to images on mobile phones.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:digital scent from Paragraph 2
定信息 定位第二段中的“Scientists are developing digital scent technology that uses a small number of different cartridges,each containing a specific scent.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A It is created by using cartridges. 根据锁定答题关键句信息推断得出结果
B It’s a fully-developed technology. 无中生有
C It comes from the same cartridges. 无中生有
D It is related to images on mobile phones. 无中生有
分析:选A。根据第二段可知,数字气味技术是通过使用包含特定气味的暗盒来生成的
3.What is one of the challenges scientists face when developing digital scent technology
A.Creating new scents that don’t exist in nature.
B.Combining all primary colors to produce one smell.
C.Regulating the strength and duration of scents.
D.Finding a way to emit scents that last for a long time.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关健信息:the challenges和when developing digital scent technology
定信息 定位最后一段中的“Another is how to control how strong a scent should be and how long a phone should send it out.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A Creating new scents that don’t exist in nature. 无中生有
B Combining all primary colors to produce one smell. 无中生有
C Regulating the strength and duration of scents. 根据锁定答题关键句信息推断得出结果
D Finding a way to emit scents that last for a long time. 无中生有
分析:选C。根据最后一段可知,科学家在开发数字气味技术时面临的一个挑战是如何调节气味的强度和持续时间
4.What is the main idea of the text
A.A comparison between image combination and smell production.
B.The development and challenges of digital scent technology.
C.The advantages of updating a phone that can display images.
D.The history and future of complex phone technology.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:the main idea
定信息 通读全文,尤其是第二段中的“Scientists are developing digital scent technology that uses a small number of different cartridges,each containing a specific scent.”和最后一段中的“Creating a phone that can produce smells involves several challenges.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A A comparison between image combination and smell production. 以偏概全
B The development and challenges of digital scent technology. 根据文章大意得出结果
C The advantages of updating a phone that can display images. 无中生有
D The history and future of complex phone technology. 偷梁换柱
分析:选B。通读全文,可总结出本文的主旨是数字气味技术的发展与挑战
B
(2025·益阳模拟)
Unlike traditional rigid robots, soft robots are built from flexible materials that copy the natural movements of living creatures.This design enables them to move through narrow spaces like disaster debris or complex paths inside the human body.However, adding sensors has been difficult.“The key was making them smart,” explains Larry Cheng, a researcher, from Penn State University. “We needed robots that sense and act independently.”
The solution lies in electronic parts designed to bend.Traditional hard electronics limit robot movement, but Cheng’s team used bendable electronics spread across the body.They added magnetic materials inside.By adjusting magnetic fields, robots crawl, roll and twist wirelessly and battery-free.
Developing this technology faced two main obstacles.First, even bendable electronics are much stiffer than the robot’s soft material.“We arranged electronics like puzzle pieces to fit flexibly,” Cheng explained.Second, magnetic fields used for control can disturb electronic signals.The team redesigned circuits(电路) to prevent this interference, keeping sensors accurate near strong magnets.
These improvements allow robots to work with less human guidance.In rescue missions, they could find trapped people by detecting body heat.Medical versions might sense chemical changes to deliver drugs exactly where needed.Researchers are developing a pill-sized robot that patients could swallow.“It could examine the digestive system, collect samples, or treat diseases without surgery,” said Suk-Won Hwang, a Korean scientist, Cheng’s partner.
Future plans include creating tiny robots for blood vessel treatments.“Injected into veins, they could repair heart problems or target cancer cells,” Cheng described.Though unnamed yet, these robots might get public-suggested names.“That’s a fun idea,” Cheng laughed when asked about naming possibilities.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了软体机器人的优势、研发难题及未来医疗应用前景。
5.What is a major advantage of soft robots
A.Rigid electronic control.
B.Stiffer structural components.
C.Strong built-in power supplies.
D.Flexible movements in narrow spaces.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段中“Unlike traditional rigid robots, soft robots are built from flexible materials that copy the natural movements of living creatures.This design enables them to move through narrow spaces like disaster debris or complex paths inside the human body(与传统的刚性机器人不同,软体机器人由柔性材料制成,能够模仿生物的自然运动。这种设计使它们能够穿过狭窄的空间,如灾难废墟或人体内部的复杂路径)”可知,软体机器人的主要优势在于能够在狭窄空间中灵活移动。故选D。
6.What problems did researchers face in developing the soft robots
A.High cost and material scarcity.
B.Sensor accuracy and medical risks.
C.Stiff electronics and signal interference.
D.Limited movement and power shortage.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段中“First, even bendable electronics are much stiffer than the robot’s soft material.(首先,即使是可弯曲的电子元件也比机器人的软材料硬得多。)”和“Second, magnetic fields used for control can disturb electronic signals.(其次,用于控制的磁场会干扰电子信号。)”可知,研究人员在开发软体机器人时面临的问题是电子元件过硬和信号干扰。故选C。
7.What can be inferred about future medical treatments in Paragraph 4
A.Doctors will be replaced by robots.
B.Robots can only assist in diagnoses.
C.Treatment costs will significantly decrease.
D.Certain surgeries may become unnecessary.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第四段中“Medical versions might sense chemical changes to deliver drugs exactly where needed.Researchers are developing a pill-sized robot that patients could swallow.‘It could examine the digestive system, collect samples, or treat diseases without surgery,’ said Suk-Won Hwang, a Korean scientist, Cheng’s partner.(医疗版的软体机器人或许能通过感知化学变化来将药物准确输送到需要的地方。研究人员正在研发一种患者可以吞咽的药丸大小的机器人。‘它可以检查消化系统,采集样本,或者在不进行手术的情况下治疗疾病,’Cheng的合作伙伴、韩国科学家Suk-Won Hwang说。)”可知,在未来的医疗治疗中,某些手术可能会因为软体机器人的应用而变得不必要。故选D。
8.How did Cheng feel about letting the public name the robots
A.Deeply moved.　　B.Lightly amused.
C.Slightly doubtful. D.Completely uninterested.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Though unnamed yet, these robots might get public-suggested names.‘That’s a fun idea,’ Cheng laughed when asked about naming possibilities.(尽管这些机器人尚未命名,但名称可能会由公众提议。当被问及命名的可能性时,Cheng笑着说:‘这是个有趣的想法。’)”可知,Cheng对让公众为机器人命名感到有趣。故选B。
七选五
(2025·益阳模拟)
Giving Old Buildings a New Life
Walking through cities, we often see old buildings standing quietly.Sadly, many are forgotten, falling apart, and their stories fading away.　1　
Fortunately, Chinese cities are finding creative ways to revive them.Instead of turning them into untouched museum pieces, these buildings are being transformed into lively spaces like cafes, bookstores, or galleries.　2　
Some worry that changing a building’s use might harm it.　3　 Take “Xianlang” cafe in Beijing as an example.It occupies a century-old site, the former Sino-French University.The cafe preserves the original exterior, including wooden carvings and windows.Inside, it uses colors inspired by French artist Henri Matisse, creating a space where visitors enjoy coffee while experiencing the cultural link between China and France.It’s more than a cafe;it’s a storyteller.
　4　 Bagong’s House in Wuhan, a red-brick building from the early 1900s once used by Russian tea merchants, is now a high-end hotel preserving its facade.Inside, digital exhibitions showcase the ancient tea road history it witnessed.It also hosts talks and art shows, actively sharing its past with the public.
Bringing old buildings back to life takes creativity and a strong sense of responsibility.　5　 Every time an old building is brought back to life, a piece of cultural memory is saved, and part of the city’s story continues.
A.These cultural treasures may disappear forever otherwise.
B.Digital tech and cultural events also breathe new life into old structures.
C.Therefore, protecting them requires government funding and public support.
D.Such neglect reflects a common challenge in urban development worldwide.
E.We need to find a balance between respecting the past and adding new ideas.
F.This creative reuse gives old structures new purposes while keeping their souls.
G.However, sensitive restoration that respects history allows for functional change.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国各地如何通过“活化利用”让老建筑重获新生。作者列举北京“闲廊”咖啡馆和武汉“巴公房子”两例,说明在尊重历史的前提下赋予旧楼新功能,可延续城市文化记忆,实现保护与发展双赢。
1.【解析】选D。上文“Sadly, many are forgotten, falling apart, and their stories fading away.(可悲的是,许多老建筑被遗忘、破败不堪,它们的故事也逐渐消逝)”说明旧楼若被忽视将面临消失风险。D项“Such neglect reflects a common challenge in urban development worldwide.(这种忽视反映了全球城市发展中的普遍挑战)”与前句构成因果,点明问题普遍性,故选D。
2.【解析】选F。上文“Instead of turning them into untouched museum pieces, these buildings are being transformed into lively spaces like cafes, bookstores, or galleries.(他们没有把它们变成原封不动的博物馆藏品,这些建筑被改造成咖啡馆、书店或画廊等活力空间)”强调“焕新”。F项“This creative reuse gives old structures new purposes while keeping their souls.(这种创意再利用赋予旧结构新用途,同时保留其灵魂)”总结“焕新”内涵,与上文形成例证关系,故选F。
3.【解析】选G。上文“Some worry that changing a building’s use might harm it.(有人担心改变用途会伤害建筑)”提出顾虑。G项“However, sensitive restoration that respects history allows for functional change.(然而,尊重历史的精心修复是允许功能改变的)”用“However”转折,回应顾虑并引出后文成功案例,故选G。
4.【解析】选B。下文提到“Inside, digital exhibitions showcase the ancient tea road history it witnessed.It also hosts talks and art shows, actively sharing its past with the public.(在里面,数字展览展示了它所见证的古老茶路历史。这里还举办讲座和艺术展,主动与公众分享它的过往)”,本段以武汉“巴公房子”为例,介绍“数字展览、讲座、艺术展”等多元活动。B项“Digital tech and cultural events also breathe new life into old structures.(数字技术和文化活动也为老建筑注入新活力)”概括段意,与例证并列,故选B。
5.【解析】选E。上文提到“Bringing old buildings back to life takes creativity and a strong sense of responsibility.(让老建筑重获新生,需要创造力与强烈的责任感)”,说明本段强调活化老建筑需创意与责任并重。E项“We need to find a balance between respecting the past and adding new ideas.(我们需要在尊重过去与添加新想法之间找到平衡)”点明“平衡”主题,也与下文形成呼应,故选E。核心素养测评 (30分钟　40分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共4小题;每小题2.5分,满分10分)
(2026·安徽模拟)
To determine the type and severity of cancer, scientists usually analyze thin slices of a tumor(肿瘤) under a microscope.But to tell how the tumor is treated, scientists must perform genetic sequencing(排序) of the RNA isolated from the tumor, a process that can take weeks and costs thousands of dollars.
But now, Stanford Medicine researchers have developed an artificial intelligence-powered computational program that can predict the activity of thousands of genes within tumor cells.The tool was created using data from more than 7,000 diverse tumor samples.The team showed that it could be used routinely to predict genetic variations in breast cancer and patient outcomes.
“This kind of software could be used to quickly identify gene signatures in patients’ tumors, speeding up clinical(临床的) decision-making and saving the health care system thousands of dollars,” said Olivier Gevaert, PhD.
The researchers began with 7,584 cancer biopsies(活检) from 16 different cancer types.Each biopsy had been sliced into thin sections and prepared.After the researchers integrated their new cancer biopsies as well as other datasets, including images from thousands of healthy cells, the AI program—which they named SEQUOIA—was able to predict the expression patterns of more than 15,000 different genes from the stained images.
To test the effect of SEQUOIA for clinical decision-making, Gevaert and his colleagues identified breast cancer genes that the model could accurately predict the expression of and that are already used in commercial breast cancer genomic tests.
The AI model can’t yet be used in a clinical setting, but Gevaert said his team is studying its potential applications.In the future, he said, SEQUOIA could reduce the need for expensive gene expression tests.“We’ve shown how useful this could be for breast cancer, and we can now use it for all cancers,” he said.“It’s a whole new source of data that we didn’t have before.”
【语篇属性】
语篇 类型 说明文 主题 语境 人与社会
语篇 内容 文章主要介绍了科学家研发的一种可以预测肿瘤基因活性的人工智能工具
语篇 结构 Para.1 Tumor slices show cancer type/severity;RNA sequencing for treatment is slow and costly.
Para.2 Stanford developed AI SEQUOIA(from 7k+tumors) to predict tumor genes and patient outcomes.
Para.3 Gevaert said the software speeds up decisions and cuts healthcare costs.
Para.4 Trained on 7,584 biopsies+datasets, SEQUOIA predicts 15k+genes’ expression.
Para.5 The team tested SEQUOIA on breast cancer genes in commercial tests.
Para.6 SEQUOIA isn’t clinical yet but may reduce costs, and works for all cancers.
1.How do scientists usually find out the treatment of a tumor
A.By analyzing its thin slices.
B.By using a computational program.
C.By performing genetic sequencing.
D.By referring to routinely collected data.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:scientists usually find out the treatment of a tumor
定信息 根据关键信息确定答题关键句为文章第一段中的But to tell how the tumor is treated, scientists must perform genetic sequencing of the RNA isolated from the tumor, a process that can take weeks and costs thousands of dollars.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A By analyzing its thin slices. 曲解文意
B By using a computational program. 偷换概念
C By performing genetic sequencing. 根据锁定答题关键 句信息得出结果　
D By referring to routinely collected data. 无中生有
分析:选C。根据答题关键句内容可知,科学家通常通过进行基因测序来确定如何治疗肿瘤
2.What can we know about SEQUOIA from the passage
A.It has been widely used.
B.It can predict all genes’ activity.
C.It has reduced the cost of gene tests.
D.It’s likely to lessen the requirement for costly genetic tests.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:know about SEQUOIA from the passage
定信息 根据关键信息确定答题关键句为文章第六段中的“In the future, he said, SEQUOIA could reduce the need for expensive gene expression tests.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A It has been widely used. 无中生有
B It can predict all genes’ activity. 曲解文意
C It has reduced the cost of gene tests. 无中生有
D It’s likely to lessen the requirement for costly genetic tests. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果
分析:选D。根据答题关键句内容可知,SEQUOIA可能会减少对昂贵的基因检测的需求
3.What did Gevaert think of the future of the AI model
A.Potential.　　　　　 B.Useless.
C.Changeable. D.Ambiguous.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:Gevaert think of the future of the AI model
定信息 根据关键信息确定答题关键句为文章第六段中的“In the future, he said, SEQUOIA could reduce the need for expensive gene expression tests.‘We’ve shown how useful this could be for breast cancer, and we can now use it for all cancers,’ he said.‘It’s a whole new source of data that we didn’t have before.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A Potential. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果
B Useless. 曲解文意
C Changeable. 曲解文意
D Ambiguous. 曲解文意
分析:选A。根据答题关键句内容可知,Gevaert认为这种人工智能模型未来很有潜力
4.What is the main idea of the passage
A.A new tool for analyzing tumor slices.
B.An AI tool to predict tumor gene activity.
C.An attempt to perform original genetic sequencing.
D.AI technology to revolutionize the treatment of cancer.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:the main idea of the passage
定信息 通读全文,尤其是第二段中的“But now, Stanford Medicine researchers have developed an artificial intelligence-powered computational program that can predict the activity of thousands of genes within tumor cells.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A A new tool for analyzing tumor slices. 无中生有
B An AI tool to predict tumor gene activity. 根据锁定答题关键 句信息得出结果　
C An attempt to perform original genetic sequencing. 无中生有
D AI technology to revolutionize the treatment of cancer. 无中生有
分析:选B。文章主要介绍了科学家研发的一种可以预测肿瘤基因活性的人工智能工具
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
(2026·邵阳模拟)
I’m not allowed to touch the moon rocks.This is the lab where the Johnson Space Center 　5　 the original samples that the Apollo astronauts 　6　 to the earth decades ago.As I stare at the rocks through glass, Charis, my tour guide, says in a 　7　 voice: No touching the moon rocks.
Before 　8　 this clean room, I remove all my jewelry.My guide and I cover our shoes with blue-paper booties and step into full-body jumpsuits.We then 　9　 gloves and a hair cover.Finally, we spend a full minute standing in an air shower, under a steady light wind 　10　 from ceiling to floor to 　11　 us of any fine dust.
Inside the clean room, the rocks are kept in 　12　, pressurized containers.
Only five sample processors in the world get to routinely handle these 　13　 stones.They preserve and prepare the samples for studies.To pick up an Apollo rock, they must use special tools, following pretty strict 　14　 about touching samples.All the 　15　 is to protect the rocks lifted from the moon.
“One big 　16　 belief is that the Apollo samples aren’t being studied any more and that they only tell us about the moon,” says Charis.“Neither of those is true.”
Keeping priceless samples away from curious 　17　 allowed scientists to make one of the most surprising lunar 　18　 of the last 50 years: The moon is wet.Those samples are still offering fresh details about how the 　19　—and the entire solar system—formed and developed.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了阿波罗任务带回地球的月球岩石的保存和研究过程。
5.A.accumulates　　　　　　B.stores
C.tests D.analyzes
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:这是约翰逊航天中心储存阿波罗宇航员几十年前带回地球的原始样品的实验室。accumulates积累;stores储存;tests测试; analyzes分析。根据后文“the original samples”可知,此处指储存月球岩石样品。故选B。
6.A.brought B.sent
C.donated D.introduced
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。brought带来;sent发送;donated捐献;introduced介绍。根据后文“to the earth decades ago”和背景常识可知,阿波罗宇航员将月球岩石带回地球。故选A。
7.A.thoughtful B.sensitive
C.eager D.firm
【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当我透过玻璃凝视着岩石时,我的导游查理斯用坚定的声音说:不要触摸月球岩石。thoughtful体贴的;sensitive敏感的;eager渴望的;firm坚定的。根据句意及后文“No touching the moon rocks.”可知,这里表达“我”的导游查理斯用坚定的声音说。故选D。
8.A.leaving B.inspecting
C.entering D.observing
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:进入这个洁净室之前,我要摘掉所有的首饰。 leaving离开;inspecting检查;entering进入;observing观察。根据后文“I remove all my jewelry.My guide and I cover our shoes with blue-paper booties and step into full-body jumpsuits.”可知,此处指进入洁净室之前的步骤。故选C。
9.A.reach for B.deal with
C.put on D.inquire about
【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意:然后我们戴上手套和发套。reach for伸手去够;deal with处理;put on穿上,戴上;inquire about询问。根据后文“gloves and a hair cover”可知,此处指穿上相应的防护装备。故选C。
10.A.blowing B.shooting
C.sweeping D.rising
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:最后,我们花整整一分钟站在风淋室中,从天花板到地板吹过淡淡的风,以清理我们身上的细小灰尘。blowing吹;shooting发射;sweeping扫;rising上升。根据前文“under a steady light wind”可知,这里指风在吹。故选A。
11.A.warn B.assure
C.remind D.clear
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。warn警告;assure确保; remind提醒;clear清除。根据后文“any fine dust”可知,这套设备的目的是清除灰尘。故选D。
12.A.useful B.secure
C.empty D.new
【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在洁净室内,岩石保存在安全加压的容器中。useful有用的;secure安全的;empty空的;new新的。根据后文“pressurized containers”以及安全和保存要求可知,容器需要是安全的。故选B。
13.A.precious B.strange
C.clean D.previous
【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:世界上只有五位样品处理者可以常规处理这些珍贵的石头。precious珍贵的;strange奇怪的;clean干净的;previous之前的。根据后文“They preserve and prepare the samples for studies.”结合这些阿波罗任务带回地球的月球岩石的稀有性可知,岩石应是“珍贵的”。故选A。
14.A.schedules B.laws
C.rules D.orders
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们必须使用特殊工具来拿取阿波罗岩石,并遵循非常严格的规则触碰样品。schedules日程;laws法律;rules规则;orders命令。根据前文“they must use special tools”并结合句意可知,需遵循严格的规则。故选C。
15.A.effort B.sacrifice
C.arrangement D.reform
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:所有的努力都是为了保护从月球带回的岩石。effort努力;sacrifice牺牲;arrangement安排;reform改革。根据前文“They preserve and prepare the samples for studies.To pick up an Apollo rock, they must use special tools, following pretty strict_______about touching samples.”可知描述了保护岩石的辛勤工作,因此是“努力”。故选A。
16.A.uncommon B.contradictory
C.impractical D.mistaken
【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:一个大错是认为阿波罗样本不再被研究,只能告诉我们有关月球的事情。uncommon不常见的;contradictory矛盾的;impractical不切实际的; mistaken错误的。根据后文“the Apollo samples aren’t being studied any more and that they only tell us about the moon,” says Charis.“Neither of those is true.”可知,这种想法是错误的。故选D。
17.A.minds B.looks
C.fingers D.questions
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:将无价样品远离好奇的手指让科学家做出过去50年最惊人的月球发现之一:月球是湿的。 minds思想;looks外观;fingers手指;questions问题。根据前文“Keeping priceless samples away from”推断,此处指避免好奇的手指触碰样品。故选C。
18.A.attempts B.fortune
C.reservation D.discoveries
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。attempts尝试; fortune财富;reservation保留;discoveries发现。根据后文“The moon is wet.”可知,此处指该样品帮助实现的新发现。故选D。
19.A.sun B.moon
C.earth D.universe
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:这些样品仍在提供有关月球——以及整个太阳系——形成与发展的新细节。sun太阳;moon月球;earth地球;universe宇宙。根据前文的“The moon is wet.”和后文“the entire solar system”以及全文都在描述月球岩石的保存和研究过程,可知此处应指“月球”。故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
　　Morse code(摩斯密码) is named 20._________ Samuel F.B.Morse, a painter and founder of the National Academy of Design.He, along with two other engineers, developed the telegraph and the code 21._________ uses a set of dots and dashes or short and long pulses to represent each letter of the English alphabet.The first working telegraph was produced in 1837.This made 22._________ possible to send messages over any 23._________(distant).The first Morse code message 24._________(send) from Washington to Baltimore in 1844.
Today experienced operators copy received text without the need to write as they receive.Morse code can be sent 25._________(use) sound or light, as sometimes happens between ships at sea.It can be used to send messages in English 26._________ many other languages.For languages not 27._________(write) with the Latin alphabet, other versions of Morse code are used.The Chinese telegraph code is used to change Chinese 28._________(character) into four-digit(四位数) codes and then those digits are sent through standard Morse code.29._________(similar), Korean Morse code uses the SKATS(Standard Korean Alphabet Transliteration System) to allow Korean to be typed on Western typewriters.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了摩斯密码的相关情况,包括创始人塞缪尔,1836年首台电报机问世,1844年首发电报,电报通过声或光发送,适用多种语言。
20.【解析】after/for。考查介词。句意:摩斯密码是以塞缪尔·F·B·莫尔斯的名字命名的,他是一位画家,也是国家设计学院的创始人。固定短语 be named after/for 表示 “以…… 命名”,符合 “用创始人名字命名摩斯密码” 的语境。故填 after/for。
21.【解析】that/which。考查定语从句。句意:他与另外两名工程师一起研发了电报系统以及相关编码,该编码通过一系列点、划(即短脉冲和长脉冲)来表示英文字母表中的每个字母。空处引导定语从句,先行词为 code,指物,且在从句中作主语,应用关系代词 that/which 引导。故填 that/which。
22.【解析】it。考查 it 用法。句意:这使得人们能够将信息传递到任何距离之外的地方。此处为“make it +adj.+ to do sth.”固定结构,其中 it 作形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语。故填 it。
23.【解析】distance。考查名词。空处作介词over的宾语,需用名词形式;distance 表示 “距离” 时为不可数名词,符合语境。故填 distance。
24.【解析】was sent。考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:1844 年,第一条摩斯密码信息从华盛顿传送到巴尔的摩。主语 message 与谓语动词 send 之间为被动关系,且根据时间状语 in 1844可知,应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为单数,故填 was sent。
25.【解析】using。考查非谓语动词。句意:摩斯密码可以通过声音或光线来发送,这种情况有时会在海上航行的船只之间发生。句中已有谓语动词 can be sent,此处 use 与逻辑主语 Morse code 之间为主动关系,作方式状语,应用现在分词形式。故填 using。
26.【解析】and。考查连词。句意:它可用于用英语以及多种其他语言发送信息。English 与 many other languages 为并列关系,and 表示 “以及”,符合语境。故填 and。
27.【解析】written。考查非谓语动词。句意:对于使用非拉丁字母书写的语言,会采用其他版本的摩斯密码。languages 与 write 之间为被动关系,应用过去分词 written 作后置定语,修饰 languages。故填 written。
28.【解析】characters。考查名词的数。句意:中国的电报编码用于将汉字转换成四位数字代码,然后这些数字再通过标准的摩斯密码进行传输。character 表示 “文字;字符” 时为可数名词,此处指 “汉字”,应用复数形式 characters。故填 characters。
29.【解析】Similarly。考查副词。句意:同样,韩语摩斯密码采用了 SKATS(标准韩语字母转写系统),以便能够在西方打字机上输入韩语。空处修饰整个句子,需用副词形式;Similarly 表示 “同样地”,承接上文 “非拉丁字母语言采用特殊摩斯密码版本” 的内容,符合逻辑,且位于句首,首字母需大写。故填 Similarly。核心素养测评 (30分钟　40分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共4小题;每小题2.5分,满分10分)
(2026·益阳模拟)
Driving to a meeting at the Calgary Construction Association, I relaxed by listening to the radio, eager for non-construction news.I heard an interview with Elaine Overholt, who’d taught Chicago’s cast to sing and was selling a new singing-lesson CD.Having just been “fired” from my husband’s band for not taking singing seriously, I thought I should buy it.
Two years later, on a lunch break, I finally decided to look online and buy the CD.It turned out that Elaine was coming to Calgary that weekend!
On Saturday morning, I arrived at the National Music Centre with 60 strangers.After we settled in, Elaine arrived to enthusiastic applause.The morning involved vocal(发声的) exercises:controlled breathing, mouth stretches, and sounds like “Maw-meee-mee-mee”.
Then came individual performances in front of the entire group.Nervous, I watched others perform.The first woman went up and sang with a high, trembling voice—unlike her natural tone.I started fooling myself:I could do this.Elaine gave her helpful advice and the woman thanked her before stepping down.The next student stepped up and opened her mouth.She was great! Could be Celine Dion in disguise.When she stopped singing like an angel, I made my move to sneak away.“Nope!” Elaine yelled from the stage, pointing directly at me.I sank into my chair.She asked my preferred key.“The lowest possible,” I requested.She played a note, and I sang her song about rainbows, instantly realizing it was too high.By the end, only dogs could hear me.Elaine said, “You really made that your own,” and talked about “key choice” and “breath control”.
As I left the stage, the crowd surprised me.A man shook my hand, grinning, “You just inspired me to try!” Another woman hugged me, “Your courage moved me.” Their warmth transformed my embarrassment into pride—I hadn’t sung perfectly, but I’d sung truly.And that mattered most.
【语篇属性】
语篇 类型 记叙文 主题 语境 人与 自我
语篇 内容 文章主要讲述了作者参加声乐课并克服紧张勇敢表演的经历
语篇 结构 Para.1 First Encounter with Elaine (Heard Elaine on the radio, wanted her singing CD.)
Para.2 Unexpected News (Found Elaine would come to Calgary that weekend.)
Para.3 Joining Elaine’s Class (Attended her class, did morning vocal exercises.)
Paras. 4、5 Unwilling Individual Performance (Watched others perform,tried to escape but sang poorly on stage.)
Para.6 Post-Performance Enlightenment (Got encouragement, turned embarrassment to pride.)
1.Why did the author want to buy Elaine’s CD
A.To prepare for a meeting.
B.To better her singing.
C.To explore vocal coaching.
D.To join her husband’s band.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:Why; buy Elaine’s CD
定信息 定位第一段中的“I heard an interview with Elaine Overholt, who’d taught Chicago’s cast to sing and was selling a new singing-lesson CD.Having just been ‘fired’ from my husband’s band for not taking singing seriously, I thought I should buy it.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A To prepare for a meeting. 无中生有
B To better her singing. 根据锁定答题关键句信息推断得出结果
C To explore vocal coaching. 无中生有
D To join her husband’s band. 无中生有
分析:选B。根据第一段可知,作者想买Elaine的CD来提高自己的唱歌水平
2.How did the author feel after the first woman’s performance
A.Secure and confident.
B.Anxious and doubtful.
C.Amused and entertained.
D.Lost and embarrassed.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:feel after the first woman’s performance
定信息 定位第四段中的“The first woman went up and sang with a high, trembling voice—unlike her natural tone.I started fooling myself:I could do this.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A Secure and confident. 根据锁定答题关键句信息推断得出结果
B Anxious and doubtful. 无中生有
C Amused and entertained. 无中生有
D Lost and embarrassed. 无中生有
分析:选A。根据第四段可知,作者在看到第一位女士的表演后,开始觉得自己也能做到,因此感到安心和自信
3.Why did the author try to leave before her turn
A.She found the activity a little boring.
B.She worried about not finding the right key.
C.She felt discouraged after hearing an excellent singer.
D.She didn’t like performing in front of too many people.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关健信息:Why; leave before her turn
定信息 定位第四段中的“The next student stepped up and opened her mouth.She was great! Could be Celine Dion in disguise.When she stopped singing like an angel, I made my move to sneak away.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A She found the activity a little boring. 无中生有
B She worried about not finding the right key. 无中生有
C She felt discouraged after hearing an excellent singer. 根据锁定答题关键句信息推断得出结果
D She didn’t like performing in front of too many people. 无中生有
分析:选C。根据第四段可知,作者在听到一个非常优秀的歌手表演后感到气馁,因此想在轮到自己之前离开
4.How did others react to the author’s performance
A.They appreciated her courage.
B.They offered her further guidance.
C.They were impressed by her voice.
D.They encouraged her to sing more.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:react to the author’s performance
定信息 定位最后一段中的“As I left the stage, the crowd surprised me.A man shook my hand, grinning, ‘You just inspired me to try!’ Another woman hugged me, ‘Your courage moved me.’”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A They appreciated her courage. 根据锁定答题关键句信息推断得出结果
B They offered her further guidance. 无中生有
C They were impressed by her voice. 无中生有
D They encouraged her to sing more. 无中生有
分析:选A。根据最后一段可知,其他人对作者的表现表示赞赏,认为她的勇气激励了他们
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
(2025·湖南模拟)
As a child, I was convinced that a career in health was for me.I dreamed of creating pioneering 　5　 to treat patients all around the world.
But as the years progressed, my 　6　 seemed unattainable.It was hard to see myself in a field where few people from my background were 　7　, since I was one of the few Black students in my STEM courses.I wanted to become both a(n) 　8　 and a surgeon.As a first-generation student, I also struggled to find guidance on how to reach my career goal.But my undergraduate advisers were 　9　 and suggested I focus on one field.These experiences left me 　10　 my plans.
But things changed after I started rowing.I 　11　 joined my college’s boat club just to expand my social circle.Rowing suffers from the same lack of 　12　 as biomedical research, with very few Black women rowers.When I joined the boat club, I was very nervous—the same feeling I experienced in science.I assumed rowing was demanding.Luckily, my fellow rowers 　13　 me, who not only gave me guidance to improve my 　14　, but made me feel valued.Thus, I now 　15　 the fact that I’m already doing what once appeared impossible when I have my doubts about 　16　 in science.
Rowing also helped me develop discipline and a new approach to tackling difficult tasks.I also began to use a strategy of rowing in my PhD.—viewing my 　17　 experiments as many simple goals.Instead of giving in to the fear of 　18　, I focused on how to ensure each step was successful.Over time, I’ve found a new level of 　19　—both on the water and in the lab.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过赛艇运动重拾科研信心并找到应对挑战的新方法。
5.A.systems　　　　　　　B.styles
C.facilities D.cures
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:我梦想着创造开创性的治疗方法来治疗世界各地的病人。 systems系统;styles风格;facilities设施;cures治疗方法。根据下文“to treat patients”可知,作者梦想创造开创性的治疗方法来治疗世界各地的病人。故选D。
6.A.ambition B.fantasy
C.effort D.exploration
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:但随着岁月的流逝,我的志向似乎遥不可及。 ambition志向;fantasy幻想;effort努力;exploration探索。根据上文“I dreamed of creating pioneering _______to treat patients all around the world.”和下文“seemed unattainable”可知,作者梦想创造开创性的治疗方法来治疗世界各地的病人,这是作者的志向,但是随着岁月的流逝,这份志向似乎遥不可及。故选A。
7.A.spotted B.represented
C.rewarded D.charged
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:很难想象自己能在一个鲜有与我背景相似的人涉足的领域立足,因为我是STEM课程里为数不多的黑人学生之一。spotted发现;represented代表;rewarded奖励;charged控告。根据上文“It was hard to see myself in a field where few people from my background were”和下文“since I was one of the few Black students in my STEM courses”可知,此处指该领域中“有相似背景的人很少能占据一席之地(即被代表)”。故选B。
8.A.inventor B.instructor
C.researcher D.rower
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:我既想成为一名研究员,又想当一名外科医生。inventor发明家;instructor教练;researcher研究员;rower赛艇运动员。根据下文“and a surgeon” 和“as biomedical research”可知,作者既想成为一名研究员,又想当一名外科医生。故选C。
9.A.frustrated B.opposed
C.refreshed D.motivated
【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但我的本科导师对此表示反对,并建议我专注于一个领域。frustrated沮丧的;opposed反对的;refreshed清爽的;motivated有动机的。根据下文“suggested I focus on one field”可知,导师不赞同作者的想法,即“反对的”。故选B。
10.A.canceling B.ignoring
C.suspecting D.updating
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:这些经历让我怀疑自己的计划。canceling取消;ignoring忽视;suspecting怀疑;updating更新。根据上文“I also struggled to find guidance on how to reach my career goal.But my undergraduate advisers were _______and suggested I focus on one field.”可知,导师的反对和自身缺乏指导的困境,应是让作者对自己原本的计划产生“怀疑”。故选C。
11.A.initially B.smoothly
C.secretly D.eagerly
【解析】选A。考查副词词义辨析。句意:我最初加入大学赛艇俱乐部只是为了扩大社交圈。initially最初;smoothly顺利地;secretly秘密地;eagerly渴望地。根据下文“just to expand my social circle”和“Rowing also helped me develop discipline and a new approach for tackling difficult tasks.”可知,作者加入俱乐部最初是为了扩大社交圈。故选A。
12.A.inspiration B.respect
C.tolerance D.diversity
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:赛艇运动和生物医学研究一样缺乏多样性,黑人女性赛艇运动员非常少。 inspiration灵感;respect尊重;tolerance容忍;diversity多样性。根据上文“I was one of the few Black students in my STEM courses”和下文“as biomedical research, with very few Black women rowers”可知,赛艇运动和生物医学研究一样缺乏多样性。故选D。
13.A.promoted B.accepted
C.forgave D.persuaded
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:幸运的是,我的赛艇队友们接受了我,他们不仅给了我提高技术的指导,还让我感到自己受到了重视。 promoted促进;accepted接受;forgave原谅;persuaded说服。根据下文“who not only gave me guidance to improve my_______”可知,作者的赛艇队友们接受了作者。故选B。
14.A.adaptability B.productivity
C.mood D.technique
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。adaptability适应性;productivity生产力;mood情绪;technique技术。根据上文“who not only gave me guidance to improve my”可知,指导的目的是提高赛艇相关的“技术”。故选D。
15.A.reflect on B.put forward
C.account for D.look into
【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意:因此,当我对自己在科学领域的归属感产生怀疑时,我现在会反思自己已经在做曾经看似不可能的事情这一事实。reflect on反思;put forward提出;account for解释;look into调查。根据下文“the fact that I’m already doing what once appeared impossible when I have my doubts about _______in science”可知,作者现在会反思自己已经在做曾经看似不可能的事情这一事实。故选A。
16.A.belonging B.meaning
C.suffering D.training
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。belonging归属感;meaning意义;suffering痛苦;training训练。根据上文“It was hard to see myself in a field where few people from my background were _______, since I was one of the few Black students in my STEM courses.”和“When I joined the boat club, I was very nervous—the same feeling I experienced in science.”可知,作者对于自己在科学领域的归属感产生怀疑。故选A。
17.A.vital B.innovative
C.complex D.permanent
【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我也开始在我的博士研究中使用赛艇策略——将复杂的实验视为许多简单的目标。 vital重要的;innovative创新的;complex复杂的;permanent永久的。根据下文“experiments as many simple goals”可知,作者将复杂的实验视为许多简单的目标。故选C。
18.A.discontent B.disharmony
C.inflexibility D.incompetence
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:我没有屈服于对无能力的恐惧,而是专注于如何确保每一步都成功。discontent不满;disharmony不和谐;inflexibility不屈性;incompetence无能力。根据上文“Instead of giving in to the fear of”和下文“I focused on how to ensure each step was successful”可知,作者没有屈服于对无能力的恐惧,而是专注于如何确保每一步都成功。故选D。
19.A.peace B.confidence
C.sympathy D.balance
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:随着时间的推移,我在水上和实验室里都找到了新的自信。peace和平;confidence自信;sympathy同情;balance平衡。根据上文“I focused on how to ensure each step was successful”可知,作者专注于如何确保每一步都成功,因此在水上和实验室里都逐渐找到了新的自信。故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
(2026·四川模拟)
Khamisi Ally Abdi, an African student in Cangzhou Technical College, Hebei Province, has practised tai chi for many years.Having worshiped Chinese kung fu stars as a child, the Tanzanian understood Chinese kung fu to be 20._________ fast-paced attack and defense art before he 21._________ (arrive) in China, but now he realizes tai chi is different.It is tai chi moves with balance and deep rhythmic breathing 22._________ allow him to feel the charm of the exercise.It brings peace and 23._________ (calm) to his mind while building his muscles.
The college, as one of International Exchange centers, 24._________ (enroll) (录取) more than 300 international students from over countries since 2016, 25._________(main) countries along “the Belt and Road”, providing a tai chi course for all foreign students.26._________ (practise) tai chi has led Abdi to acquire a comprehensive appreciation of this Chinese culture and ideology.He now prefers people 27._________ (call) him by his Chinese name Chen Yanzhi, as the characters of Yanzhi carry the meaning of talented and virtuous.The art has inspired his understanding of China.28._________ he is longing for is teaching tai chi in his country and he expresses hope that this magical kung fu can be 29._________(benefit) to more people.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了来自非洲的Khamisi Ally Abdi在中国学习期间对太极拳感受颇深的事情。
20.【解析】a。考查冠词。句意:这位坦桑尼亚人从小就崇拜中国功夫明星,在来到中国之前,他认为中国功夫是一种快节奏的攻防艺术,但现在他意识到太极是不同的。 attack“攻击”是可数名词,此处表示泛指,fast-paced发音以辅音音素开头,需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
21.【解析】arrived。考查动词时态。根据“understood”可知,此处陈述过去发生的事情,使用一般过去时。故填arrived。
22.【解析】that。考查强调句。句意:正是太极动作的平衡和有节奏的深呼吸,让他感受到运动的魅力。强调句型的结构是It is+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分。分析句子可知,被强调部分是“tai chi moves with balance and deep rhythmic breathing ”。故填that。
23.【解析】calmness。考查名词。句意:它在锻炼肌肉的同时给他的头脑带来安心和平静。and属于并列连词,连接两个并列的成分,peace“安心”是名词,所以空处也应是名词。故填calmness。
24.【解析】has enrolled。考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:学院作为国际交流中心之一,自2016年以来,已招收来自世界各国(主要是“一带一路”沿线国家)的300多名国际学生,为所有外国学生提供太极拳课程。分析句子可知,该句的时间状语是since 2016,谓语应使用现在完成时态;主语the college是单数,所以助动词用has。故填has enrolled。
25.【解析】mainly。考查副词。此处需要副词修饰后面的名词短语countries along “the Belt and Road”,main的副词形式是mainly。故填mainly。
26.【解析】Practising。考查非谓语动词。句意:练习太极让Abdi对中国的文化和意识形态有了全面的了解。分析句子可知,已有谓语动词has led,空处需填动名词作主语,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Practising。
27.【解析】to call。考查非谓语动词。句意:他现在更喜欢人们叫他的中文名陈言之,因为言之二字有才德之意。prefer sb. to do sth.意为“更喜欢某人做某事”。故填to call。
28.【解析】What。考查主语从句。句意:他所渴望的是在他的国家教太极,他表示希望这种神奇的功夫能对更多人有益。分析句子可知,主语从句中for后缺少宾语,此处要表示“什么”的意思,所以用what,句首单词首字母大写。故填What。
29.【解析】beneficial。考查形容词。空处需填形容词作表语,be beneficial to 意为“对……有益”。故填beneficial。核心素养测评 (30分钟　40分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共4小题;每小题2.5分,满分10分)
(2026·福州模拟)
Conservationists note that two-thirds of British butterfly species have declined over 40 years, threatening ecosystems.Caterpillars, the larval stage of butterflies, consume plants and feed birds, bats and small mammals.Understanding the decline is the key to reversing it.
Butterflies need moderate temperatures, but climate change brings warmer summers, forcing them to adjust activity and reproduction timing.Scientists call this “advancing phenology(物候)”.
Over 20 years, Britain’s spring temperatures rose roughly 0.5°C, and most butterflies advanced their life-cycle by three to seven days.Whether this adaptation works remains unclear, but a new study explores it.
Researchers analyzed 20 years of data on 130 species from butterfly enthusiasts.They tracked abundance, distribution, northward movement and adult emergence timing.They found species with flexible lifecycles, which produce multiple generations yearly, thrived.Those advancing phenology the most saw population growth.For example, the Small Blue, Britain’s tiniest butterfly, emerges early, allowing summer generations another reproductive cycle by autumn.
However, single-generation species gained no benefit.Worse, those tied to specific habitats, which are link to caterpillar diets, were harmed.The endangered High Brown Fritillary is a single-generation species living in trimmed(修剪过的) woodlands and limestone pavements.It has declined, with climate change a likely factor.
Fortunately, hope exists.Some single-generation British species add a second generation in warm European years.As the climate warms, UK species like the Silver-studded Blue might follow, boosting populations.Conservationists can use this knowledge to identify at-risk species.The White Admiral is one example.It has declined over the past 20 years, possibly due to climate change and its caterpillars’ sole reliance on honeysuckle.
【语篇属性】
语篇 类型 说明文 主题 语境 人与自然
语篇 内容 文章主要讲述了气候变暖导致英国蝴蝶物候变化,不同生命周期的蝴蝶受到的影响不同,这为保护濒危物种提供依据
语篇 结构 Para.1 Two-thirds of British butterflies declined in 40 years;understanding why is the key.
Para.2 Climate change warms summers, forcing butterflies to advance phenology.
Para.3 Britain’s spring warmed 0.5°C;butterflies advanced life-cycles 3—7 days(adaptation effect unclear).
Para.4 Study:Multi-generation, flexible butterflies thrived(e.g. The Small Blue’s early emergence).
Para.5 Single-generation species(e.g. The High Brown Fritillary) suffered, especially habitat-specific ones.
Para.6 Hope:Some may add generations;conservationists target at-risk species like the White Admiral.
1.Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 1
A.There were fewer butterflies in Britain four decades ago than at present.
B.Caterpillars are eaten by a number of different kinds of predators.
C.Some butterflies have a reduced lifespan due to spring temperature increases.
D.The data used in the study was taken from the work of professional butterfly watchers.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:true according to Paragraph 1
定信息 根据关键信息确定答题关键句为文章第一段中的“Caterpillars, the larval stage of butterflies, consume plants and feed birds, bats and small mammals.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A There were fewer butterflies in Britain four decades ago than at present. 曲解文意
B Caterpillars are eaten by a number of different kinds of predators. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果
C Some butterflies have a reduced lifespan due to spring temperature increases. 曲解文意
D The data used in the study was taken from the work of professional butterfly watchers. 曲解文意
分析:选B。根据答题关键句内容可知,毛毛虫会被许多不同种类的捕食者吃掉
2.What mainly gives rise to “advancing phenology”
A.Need of battling with changing environment.
B.Need of recording reproduction time.
C.Need of researching how climate kills species.
D.Need of calculating migration distances.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:gives rise to “advancing phenology”
定信息 根据关键信息确定答题关键句为文章第二段的内容
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A Need of battling with changing environment. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果
B Need of recording reproduction time. 无中生有
C Need of researching how climate kills species. 无中生有
D Need of calculating migration distances. 无中生有
分析:选A。根据第二段内容可知,与变化的环境作斗争的需要导致了“物候提前”
3.Why does the author choose the White Admiral as an example
A.To highlight that climate change is a vital cause of population decline in butterflies.
B.To illustrate how habitat loss accelerates the effects of phenology shifts.
C.To show the delicacy of species with both inflexible life cycles and requirements.
D.To argue that single-generation species cannot benefit from conservation with intervention.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:choose the White Admiral as an example
定信息 根据关键信息确定答题关键句为文章最后一段中的“The White Admiral is one example.It has declined over the past 20 years, possibly due to climate change and its caterpillars’ sole reliance on honeysuckle.”以及倒数第二段中的“However, single-generation species gained no benefit.Worse, those tied to specific habitats, which are link to caterpillar diets, were harmed.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A To highlight that climate change is a vital cause of population decline in butterflies. 曲解文意
B To illustrate how habitat loss accelerates the effects of phenology shifts. 曲解文意
C To show the delicacy of species with both inflexible life cycles and requirements. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果
D To argue that single-generation species cannot benefit from conservation with intervention. 曲解文意
分析:选C。根据答题关键句内容可知,作者选择白纹蛱蝶作为例子是为了表明生命周期不灵活且需求苛刻的物种的脆弱性
4.What is the best title for the passage
A.Ecosystems at risk!
B.Hope for caterpillars!
C.Climate harms all!
D.Butterflies’ phenology shifts!
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:the best title
定信息 通读全文,并结合第二段内容
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A Ecosystems at risk! 曲解文意
B Hope for caterpillars! 曲解文意
C Climate harms all! 曲解文意
D Butterflies’ phenology shifts! 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果
分析:选D。通读全文,并结合第二段内容可知,文章主要说明了气候变暖导致英国蝴蝶物候变化,不同生命周期的蝴蝶受到的影响不同,这为保护濒危物种提供依据。D选项“Butterflies’ phenology shifts!(蝴蝶的物候变化!)”最适合作为文章标题
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
(2026·莆田模拟)
Every morning, Betty rushes to her backyard with a small bowl of millet, her steps light with 　5　 to meet her sparrow.The bird—with soft brown feathers and bright black eyes like tiny beads—always waits on the old wooden 　6　, tilting its head now and then to spot her.They first met last spring:Betty found it under the apple tree, its left 　7　 twisted and weak.She gently picked it up, carried it inside, cleaned the wound with warm water, and fed it soft bread 　8　.
At first, the sparrow feared Betty, fluttering its good wing nervously when she came 　9　.But Betty never rushed;she spoke in a soft voice, telling stories of her school or her cat Mimi.Day by day, the bird started to 　10　 her—even nudging her hand for food.When its wing healed, Betty opened the window, hoping it’d fly home.To her 　11　, it didn’t leave.Instead, it sang 　12　 songs each morning, making the yard lively.
Now, they have a sweet routine.The sparrow 　13　 on Betty’s shoulder as she waters flowers. Its claws are light so it won’t hurt her.She 　14　 it “Tweetie” for its clear, sweet chirps.On rainy days, she leaves a cardboard shelter filled with dry grass on the fence—Tweetie flies in at once to stay 　15　.
Betty’s mom often says friendship grows between the most 　16　 beings.Looking at Tweetie hop by her feet while she reads, sometimes pecking her book gently, Betty knows this is 　17　.Those small daily moments—feeding time, the songs, rainy-day shelters—are the 　18　 part of her life, a little 　19　 she looks forward to.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了贝蒂与一只麻雀之间从救助到建立深厚友谊的故事,展现了不同生物之间也能产生美好情谊。
5.A.excitement　　　　　B.worry
C.tiredness D.anxiety
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:每天早上,贝蒂拿着一小碗小米冲向后院去见她的麻雀,脚步因兴奋而轻快。 excitement兴奋;worry担忧;tiredness疲倦;anxiety焦虑。根据上文“Betty rushes to her backyard with a small bowl of millet, her steps light with”可知,贝蒂急于去见麻雀,脚步轻快,心情应是兴奋的。故选A。
6.A.bench B.wall
C.fence D.shelf
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:这只鸟有柔软的棕色羽毛和像小珠子一样黑亮的眼睛,总是在旧木栅栏上等着,时不时歪着头看她有没有来。bench长凳;wall墙;fence栅栏;shelf架子。根据倒数第二段“On rainy days, she leaves a cardboard shelter filled with dry grass on the fence”可知,麻雀常待在栅栏上。故选C。
7.A.wing B.leg
C.beak D.tail
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:她们第一次相遇是在去年春天:贝蒂在苹果树下发现了它,它的左翼扭曲而无力。wing翅膀;leg腿;beak鸟喙;tail尾巴。根据第二段中“When its wing healed”可知,是翅膀受伤了。故选A。
8.A.loaves B.pies
C.slices D.crumbs
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:她轻轻地把它抱起来,带进屋里,用温水清洗伤口,然后喂它软面包屑。 loaves条,块(面包);pies馅饼;slices切片;crumbs碎屑。根据“fed it soft bread”可知,喂的应是面包碎屑,因为对于一只受伤的小麻雀来说,非常细小的、零碎的面包渣是大小合适、易于啄食和吞咽的食物。故选D。
9.A.down B.far
C.up D.near
【解析】选D。考查副词词义辨析。句意:起初,这只麻雀害怕贝蒂,当她走近时,它会紧张地拍打着完好的翅膀。 down向下;far远;up向上;near近。根据“the sparrow feared Betty, fluttering its good wing nervously”可知,贝蒂靠近时麻雀会紧张。故选D。
10.A.trust B.avoid
C.doubt D.ignore
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:日复一日,这只鸟开始信任她,甚至会用头蹭她的手要食物。trust信任;avoid避免;doubt怀疑;ignore忽视。根据上文“At first, the sparrow feared Betty, fluttering its good wing nervously”以及空后“even nudging her hand for food”可知,麻雀对贝蒂从一开始的害怕转变为信任。故选A。
11.A.surprise B.sadness
C.anger D.disappointment
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:令她感到惊讶的是,它没有离开。 surprise惊讶;sadness悲伤;anger愤怒;disappointment失望。根据上文“When its wing healed, Betty opened the window, hoping it’d fly home.”以及空后“it didn’t leave”可知,贝蒂原以为它伤好后会飞回家,结果它没走,这让她感到惊讶。故选A。
12.A.dull B.quiet
C.cheerful D.low
【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:相反,它每天早上都唱着欢快的歌,让院子变得生机勃勃。dull枯燥的;quiet安静的;cheerful欢快的;low低的。根据下文“making the yard lively”可知,鸟儿的歌声是欢快的。故选C。
13.A.walks B.perches
C.jumps D.stands
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:贝蒂浇花时,麻雀停留在她的肩膀上,爪子很轻,不会弄疼她。walks走;perches栖息,停留;jumps跳;stands站。根据“Betty’s shoulder as she waters flowers. Its claws are light so it won’t hurt her”可知,贝蒂浇花时,麻雀停留在她的肩膀上。故选B。
14.A.calls B.names
C.gives D.keeps
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:因它叫声清晰甜美,她给它取名Tweetie。 calls称呼;names命名;gives给;keeps保持。根据“it ‘Tweetie’ for its clear, sweet chirps”可知因为其叫声甜美,贝蒂就随口把它叫做Tweetie,此处用“call sb./sth.+名字”意为“称呼……为……;叫作……”,符合“基于它的叫声自然产生的昵称”这个场景,更为普遍和自然,更符合故事的情感基调。而name更强调 “赋予正式名称”,隐含“经过思考后确定名称”的意味。故选A。
15.A.calm B.cool
C.warm D.still
【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:下雨天,她在栅栏上放一个装满干草的硬纸板庇护所,Tweetie立刻飞进去取暖。calm平静的;cool凉爽的;warm温暖的;still静止的。根据上文“she leaves a cardboard shelter filled with dry grass on the fence”可知,下雨天,庇护所里有干草,是为了让小鸟进去取暖。故选C。
16.A.common B.similar
C.ordinary D.different
【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:贝蒂的妈妈常说,最不同的生物之间也能产生友谊。common常见的;similar相似的;ordinary普通的;different不同的。根据上文“Every morning, Betty rushes to her backyard with a small bowl of millet, her steps light with _______to meet her sparrow.”以及所讲的故事可知,贝蒂是人类,麻雀是鸟类,是完全不同的生物,但是却产生了友谊,因此,此处指最不同的生物之间也能产生友谊。故选D。
17.A.wrong B.true
C.funny D.strange
【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:看着Tweetie在她读书时在她脚边蹦跳,有时轻轻啄她的书,贝蒂知道这是真的。wrong错误的;true真实的;funny有趣的;strange奇怪的。根据上文“Looking at Tweetie hop by her feet while she reads, sometimes pecking her book gently”可知,看到麻雀Tweetie和自己的亲近行为,贝蒂知道妈妈所说的不同生物之间也有友谊这句话是正确的。故选B。
18.A.hardest B.busiest
C.happiest D.longest
【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:那些日常的小瞬间——喂食时间、歌声、雨天的庇护所——是她生活中最快乐的部分,是她满心期待的小小喜悦。 hardest最艰难的;busiest最忙碌的;happiest最快乐的;longest最长的。根据上文“Every morning, Betty rushes to her backyard with a small bowl of millet, her steps light with _______to meet her sparrow.” “making the yard lively” “Betty’s shoulder as she waters flowers, its claws light so it won’t hurt her”以及下文“she looks forward to”可知,和麻雀相处的这些瞬间是温馨治愈的、美好的、快乐的。故选C。
19.A.joy B.routine
C.judgment D.responsibility
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。 joy喜悦;routine常规;judgment判断;responsibility责任。根据下文“looks forward to”和第一段里着急兴奋地去见麻雀可知,这些美好的瞬间给贝蒂带来快乐,是令她期待的小喜悦。故选A。
Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
　　In February 2023, destructive earthquakes struck Turkey and Syria, leaving countless buildings in ruins.Many families 20._________　　(suffer) from cold and hunger since then, with no proper shelter to protect them from the harsh weather.Witnesses recalled feeling entirely 21._________(power) as the ground shook and homes collapsed, unable to do anything but flee.In the chaos, several people 22._________(bury) under the rubble(碎石) in an instant, and others cried for help as rescuers raced against time to reach them.Some survivors risked their lives trying to pull others out, only 23._________(injure) by falling debris(碎片).
Amid the terror of repeated aftershocks, the 24._________(present) of rescuers brought a measure of calm to those trapped.Among the rescuers, a group of volunteers, half of 25._________ were teenagers, showed remarkable courage.They braved 26._________(extreme) dangerous conditions, carrying the wounded to safety despite their exhaustion.To them, taking 27._________ responsibility in such a crisis was not a burden but 28._________ honor, and their selflessness soon gained national recognition through media coverage.29._________(look) back on that tragic week, survivors often mention how the volunteers’ bravery turned despair into a faint yet enduring spark of hope.
20.【解析】have been suffering/have suffered。考查时态和主谓一致。根据后文 “since then”(从那以后,指地震发生后到现在)可知,此处需体现动作从过去持续到现在的特点:可用现在完成进行时 have been suffering,强调 “许多家庭持续受苦” 的过程;也可用现在完成时 have suffered,强调 “受苦” 这一过去动作对现在的影响。主语 Many families 为复数,助动词用 have。故填 have been suffering/have suffered。
21.【解析】powerless。考查形容词。句意:目击者们回忆说,当时大地剧烈摇晃,房屋纷纷倒塌,他们感到完全无能为力,除了逃离别无他法。分析句子结构,此处需用形容词作表语,描述人的状态;结合语境 “除了逃离别无他法”,可知此处表示 “无能为力的”,对应的形容词为 powerless。故填 powerless。
22.【解析】were buried。考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:在一片混乱中,有几个人瞬间就被碎石掩埋了,还有些人则大声呼救,而救援人员则争分夺秒地赶往他们身边。主语several people与谓语 bury构成被动关系,即 “人被掩埋”;且事件发生在 2023 年 2 月的地震期间,属于过去的动作,需用一般过去时的被动语态 “was/were + 过去分词”。主语several people 为复数,故填 were buried。
23.【解析】to be injured。考查非谓语动词。句意:一些幸存者冒着生命危险试图将其他人救出,却不幸被掉落的碎片砸伤。分析语境,“被掉落的碎片砸伤” 是 “冒着生命危险救人” 的意外结果,需用不定式作结果状语;且 injure与 survivors构成被动关系,即 “幸存者被砸伤”,需用不定式的被动形式 to be done。故填 to be injured。
24.【解析】presence。考查名词。句意:在接连不断的余震带来的恐慌之中,救援人员的到来为被困人员带来了一定程度的平静。分析句子结构,“the_______of rescuers”中,the 后需接名词作中心词;结合语境 “带来平静”,可知此处指 “救援人员的出现/到来”,对应的名词为 presence(不可数名词,无复数形式)。故填 presence。
25.【解析】whom。考查定语从句。句意:在救援人员当中,有一群志愿者表现出了非凡的勇气,其中一半是青少年。分析句子结构,此处为 “介词 + 关系代词” 引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词为 volunteers(志愿者,指人),关系代词在从句中作 of 的宾语,需用 whom(指代人且作宾语)。故填 whom。
26.【解析】extremely。考查副词。句意:他们不顾极其危险的环境,尽管已经精疲力竭,仍将伤者转移至安全地带。分析句子结构,此处需修饰形容词 dangerous(危险的),修饰形容词需用副词;结合语境 “极其危险”,对应的副词为 extremely。故填 extremely。
27.【解析】on。考查介词。句意:对他们而言,在这种危机时刻承担起责任并非是一种负担,而是一种荣耀。根据固定短语 take on(承担)后接名词作宾语,由take on responsibility(承担责任)可知,此处需填介词 on。故填 on。
28.【解析】an。考查冠词。分析语境,honor(荣耀)在此处泛指 “一种荣耀”,需用不定冠词;且 honor的发音以元音音素开头,此处不定冠词需用 an。故填 an。
29.【解析】Looking。考查非谓语动词。句意:回首那悲惨的一周,幸存者们常常会提及志愿者们的英勇之举如何将绝望转化为一丝微弱却持久的希望之光。分析句子结构,look back on(回首,回顾)与句子主语 survivors构成主动关系,即 “幸存者回首”,需用现在分词作状语;且句首单词首字母需大写,故填 Looking。核心素养测评 (25分钟　32.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分,满分20分)
A
(2026·湖北模拟)
I remember opening my laptop one day in fifth grade after a silly conversation with my cousin about scary story ideas.Hours later, I completed my first short story.Since then, I’ve written many stories, short and long.But also, since then, I’ve read more and noticed just how well people my age could write.Since then, I also felt less and less willing to share my work:what if my writing isn’t as good as everybody else’s What started off as something creative that I could share with friends turned into a competition shaped by feelings of competence.Oftentimes, hobbies begin as something just for fun.But eventually, what was once fun now contributes to feelings of stress and inadequacy.I have plenty of memories of thinking I was going to pick up something new and stick with it, whether it be playing the piano, or drawing.But there is always a part of me that expects myself to just magically be good at all of those things.And when I’m not, the enjoyment tapers off as, slowly, I think mediocrity(平庸) isn’t acceptable anymore.
Writing is the only hobby that I have repeatedly come back to despite dropping it constantly.I can see the growth in my writing all these years, but the expectations to be better and better are never satisfied.This is why I drop writing for months at a time.This feeling of a hobby becoming, for lack of a better word, a chore, lowers the satisfaction of said hobby.
But hobbies are there to give you a breath of fresh air from having to excel at everything, from academics to your occupation.We must accept that it is okay to just suck at(不擅长) an activity but still do it because it brings you joy.There is a balance between joy and expectations, either set by others or by ourselves.
【语篇属性】
语篇 类型 记叙文 主题 语境 人与自我
语篇 内容 作者讲述了自己从五年级开始写作,随着阅读增多,发现同龄人写作水平高,写作从创意分享变成竞争,最后指出爱好应带来快乐,要在快乐和期望间找到平衡
语篇 结构 Para.1 Hobbies change from fun to stress due to competition.
Para.2 Writing becomes a chore due to unmet expectations.
Para.3 Hobbies should balance joy and expectations.
1.What does the author do in the first paragraph
A.He challenges a tradition.
B.He relates an experience.
C.He envisions a coming trend.
D.He compares varied hobbies.
【解题过程】
2.Which can best replace the underlined phrase “tapers off” in Paragraph 1
A.Thins out.　　　　　　 B.Tops out.
C.Builds up. D.Spreads around.
【解题过程】
3.Why does the author drop writing constantly
A.He is inadequate for it.
B.He prefers mediocrity.
C.He equates joy with achievement.
D.He receives bitter comment.
【解题过程】
4.What message does the passage convey
A.Mediocrity is the key to enjoyment.
B.A hobby shared is a hobby squared.
C.Excellence ensures academic success.
D.Enjoyment outweighs excellence in hobbies.
【解题过程】
B
(2025·湖南模拟)
I was born in a small town in Pakistan called Quetta in 1980.When I was a little boy of about ten years old,I developed an interest in calligraphy.Back then we only had a TV channel with limited programs. One of the programs was about learning calligraphy.I was engaged and spent several years learning different calligraphy scripts(笔迹) in the Urdu language.
After graduation, I came to Dubai, UAE.Falling in love with the architecture and high-rise buildings, I wanted to shoot the amazing beauty from different angles.So I bought a camera, learned photography, joined photography groups and attended workshops.After a few years, I got bored of photographing landscapes and cityscapes.
Seven years ago, while going through the photography blogs and looking through others’ works,I read the term called “light painting”,a photography technique that allows you to draw in space.I started experimenting with that and soon it hit me:why not bring back my passion for calligraphy by using light painting technique Since that day,I’ve been drawing light calligraphy.To achieve the best results,I decided to build the lights myself.The best part about my works is that they are not photoshopped.I prefer to get the results straight out of the camera.I don’t even turn over the images.To achieve that, I have to write in reverse(倒置) and that has taken a lot of practice to get right.
Currently, I’m working on the idea of bringing abandoned places back to life, including buildings which have lost their charm and are hidden in the darkness.Through my photography, I try to employ light calligraphy by writing a word that attaches a deep meaning to those places and telling stories behind them.In this way, I hope people will revisit these places and appreciate the real reason for their construction.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从对书法感兴趣到在迪拜从事光绘书法摄影的经历和创作理念。
5.What can be implied from the author’s experience in Quetta
A.He had access to plenty of art resources.
B.He was fond of calligraphy channels.
C.He grasped scripts of many languages.
D.He was willing to dig into calligraphy. 6.What made the author interested in taking pictures in Dubai
A.Visual impacts of structures.
B.Remarkable urban planning.
C.Mysterious building stories.
D.Odd angles of architecture. 7.How did the author enhance the effects of light calligraphy
A.By learning from others.
B.By sticking to originality.
C.By beautifying his photos.
D.By drawing in open space. 8.What is the author’s role in practising his current idea
A.A writer putting down real thoughts.
B.An educator spreading sound values.
C.An artist regenerating forgotten sites.
D.A historian looking for ignored areas. Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
(2026·广西模拟)
Practical Ways to Develop Wisdom in Daily Life
Wisdom provides us with insight when we need it, calms us down in terrible situations,and serves as a light of hope in the darkness.　9　Here are some strategies that you can use to get wiser.
Try experiencing new opportunities.
Variety is the joy of life, but seizing new opportunities is also a vital way to gain wisdom.You will never achieve growth if you stay trapped in your comfort zone, which is why stepping out of it is crucial.　10　For instance,you can sign up for courses to master new skills that you never thought of learning, or plan trips to destinations that have long been on your wish list.
　11　
We need to be open to different views, as this will create new pathways for us.Observe the world from different angles,and it will always help you out.Never base your judgment only on the most popular idea or what feels most comfortable for you.Train your mind to welcome various thoughts without quick criticism.
Never back away from learning.
You must be the kind of person who learns something new every day.You can take new classes, read books, listen to educational podcasts(播客), and if something confuses you,search the Internet to clear up your problems.　12　
Value your mistakes.
　13　Whenever we make a mistake, we should draw lessons from it.We can reflect on what caused our failure, so that we may make targeted improvements.Stop shifting blame to others for your errors and honestly admit where you went wrong.Your best teacher will always be your last mistake,so take the most valuable lessons from it.
A.So it’s an essential life skill.
B.Expose yourself to diverse insights.
C.All these activities will enrich your knowledge.
D.Specific actions can help you put this into practice.
E.Gaining lessons from mistakes helps us accept ourselves.
F.Learning from errors and acknowledging them pushes us to grow.
G.Stepping out of comfort zones requires courage and determination.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章强调了智慧的重要性,并提出了发展智慧的方法:抓住新机会、接触多元观点、坚持学习以及从错误中吸取教训,帮助读者在日常生活中变得更明智。核心素养测评 (15分钟　20分)
阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分,满分20分)
A
(2026·宁德模拟)
Your phone has a screen that displays images and videos.The screen uses tiny dots known as pixels(像素) that consist of three primary colors:red,green and blue.By mixing these colors in different ways,your phone can show you everything from beautiful beach scenes to cute puppies.
Now imagine something similar for smells.Scientists are developing digital scent technology that uses a small number of different cartridges(暗盒),each containing a specific scent.Just like how pixels mix the three basic colors to create images,these scent cartridges could mix to create different smells.Just as images on your phone are made of digital codes that represent combinations of pixels,smells produced by a future phone could be created through digital codes.Each smell could have a specific recipe made up of different amounts of the ingredients in the cartridges.
When you receive a digital scent code,your phone could mix tiny amounts of the different scents from the cartridges to create the desired smell.This mix would then be released through a small vent on the phone,allowing you to smell it.With just a few cartridges,your phone could potentially create a huge variety of smells,much like how red,green and blue pixels can create countless colors.
Creating a phone that can produce smells involves several challenges.One is designing a system that can produce thousands of different smells using only a few cartridges.Another is how to control how strong a scent should be and how long a phone should send it out.And phones will also need to sense odors near them and convert those to digital codes so that your friends’ phones can send smells to you.The cartridges should also be easy to refill,and the chemicals in them should be safe to breathe.These hurdles make it a tricky but exciting area of research.
【语篇属性】
语篇 类型 说明文 主题 语境 人与 社会
语篇 内容 介绍了数字气味技术,包括它的工作原理和应用潜力,及其面临的诸多挑战
语篇 结构 Para.1 Phone Screens’ Pixel Function (Phone screens use pixels for images/videos.)
Para.2 Digital Scent Tech Development (Scientists develop digital scent tech with cartridges.)
Para.3 How Phones Release Digital Smells (Phones mix scents to release via vents.)
Para.4 Challenges of Scent-Producing Phones (Challenges exist for scent-producing phones.)
1.What enables a phone screen to present diverse visual contents from Paragraph 1
A.Special sensors detecting colors.
B.A unique way for color reflection.
C.Advanced software for image generation.
D.Pixels of three primary colors in combination.
【解题过程】
2.What can we learn about digital scent from Paragraph 2
A.It is created by using cartridges.
B.It’s a fully-developed technology.
C.It comes from the same cartridges.
D.It is related to images on mobile phones.
【解题过程】
3.What is one of the challenges scientists face when developing digital scent technology
A.Creating new scents that don’t exist in nature.
B.Combining all primary colors to produce one smell.
C.Regulating the strength and duration of scents.
D.Finding a way to emit scents that last for a long time.
【解题过程】
4.What is the main idea of the text
A.A comparison between image combination and smell production.
B.The development and challenges of digital scent technology.
C.The advantages of updating a phone that can display images.
D.The history and future of complex phone technology.
【解题过程】
B
(2025·益阳模拟)
Unlike traditional rigid robots, soft robots are built from flexible materials that copy the natural movements of living creatures.This design enables them to move through narrow spaces like disaster debris or complex paths inside the human body.However, adding sensors has been difficult.“The key was making them smart,” explains Larry Cheng, a researcher, from Penn State University. “We needed robots that sense and act independently.”
The solution lies in electronic parts designed to bend.Traditional hard electronics limit robot movement, but Cheng’s team used bendable electronics spread across the body.They added magnetic materials inside.By adjusting magnetic fields, robots crawl, roll and twist wirelessly and battery-free.
Developing this technology faced two main obstacles.First, even bendable electronics are much stiffer than the robot’s soft material.“We arranged electronics like puzzle pieces to fit flexibly,” Cheng explained.Second, magnetic fields used for control can disturb electronic signals.The team redesigned circuits(电路) to prevent this interference, keeping sensors accurate near strong magnets.
These improvements allow robots to work with less human guidance.In rescue missions, they could find trapped people by detecting body heat.Medical versions might sense chemical changes to deliver drugs exactly where needed.Researchers are developing a pill-sized robot that patients could swallow.“It could examine the digestive system, collect samples, or treat diseases without surgery,” said Suk-Won Hwang, a Korean scientist, Cheng’s partner.
Future plans include creating tiny robots for blood vessel treatments.“Injected into veins, they could repair heart problems or target cancer cells,” Cheng described.Though unnamed yet, these robots might get public-suggested names.“That’s a fun idea,” Cheng laughed when asked about naming possibilities.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了软体机器人的优势、研发难题及未来医疗应用前景。
5.What is a major advantage of soft robots
A.Rigid electronic control.
B.Stiffer structural components.
C.Strong built-in power supplies.
D.Flexible movements in narrow spaces. 6.What problems did researchers face in developing the soft robots
A.High cost and material scarcity.
B.Sensor accuracy and medical risks.
C.Stiff electronics and signal interference.
D.Limited movement and power shortage. 7.What can be inferred about future medical treatments in Paragraph 4
A.Doctors will be replaced by robots.
B.Robots can only assist in diagnoses.
C.Treatment costs will significantly decrease.
D.Certain surgeries may become unnecessary. 8.How did Cheng feel about letting the public name the robots
A.Deeply moved.　　B.Lightly amused.
C.Slightly doubtful. D.Completely uninterested. 七选五
(2025·益阳模拟)
Giving Old Buildings a New Life
Walking through cities, we often see old buildings standing quietly.Sadly, many are forgotten, falling apart, and their stories fading away.　1　
Fortunately, Chinese cities are finding creative ways to revive them.Instead of turning them into untouched museum pieces, these buildings are being transformed into lively spaces like cafes, bookstores, or galleries.　2　
Some worry that changing a building’s use might harm it.　3　 Take “Xianlang” cafe in Beijing as an example.It occupies a century-old site, the former Sino-French University.The cafe preserves the original exterior, including wooden carvings and windows.Inside, it uses colors inspired by French artist Henri Matisse, creating a space where visitors enjoy coffee while experiencing the cultural link between China and France.It’s more than a cafe;it’s a storyteller.
　4　 Bagong’s House in Wuhan, a red-brick building from the early 1900s once used by Russian tea merchants, is now a high-end hotel preserving its facade.Inside, digital exhibitions showcase the ancient tea road history it witnessed.It also hosts talks and art shows, actively sharing its past with the public.
Bringing old buildings back to life takes creativity and a strong sense of responsibility.　5　 Every time an old building is brought back to life, a piece of cultural memory is saved, and part of the city’s story continues.
A.These cultural treasures may disappear forever otherwise.
B.Digital tech and cultural events also breathe new life into old structures.
C.Therefore, protecting them requires government funding and public support.
D.Such neglect reflects a common challenge in urban development worldwide.
E.We need to find a balance between respecting the past and adding new ideas.
F.This creative reuse gives old structures new purposes while keeping their souls.
G.However, sensitive restoration that respects history allows for functional change.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国各地如何通过“活化利用”让老建筑重获新生。作者列举北京“闲廊”咖啡馆和武汉“巴公房子”两例,说明在尊重历史的前提下赋予旧楼新功能,可延续城市文化记忆,实现保护与发展双赢。

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