资源简介

(共24张PPT)
Unit 8
Making a Difference
Section A Grammar Focus
To review the basic structure and usage of the present perfect tense.
To master the differences between for and since in present perfect tense.
To understand the use of durative verbs with for/since, and learn to convert non-durative verbs to durative ones.
学习目标
1
2
3
Lead in
What tense are these sentences in
He has collected stamps since 2020.
He has given away old books to poor kids since he was ten years old.
I have helped the elderly in the community for two years.
Present Perfect Tense
Let’s watch a video
to know something about for & since.
Know something about for & since.
Read the sentences. How are for and since used differently
4a
Have you been to our animal shelter before No, I haven't. But one of my friends has volunteered here for a long time.
Has she ever done volunteer work Yes, she has. She has been a volunteer at a nursing home since last August.
How long have you been a volunteer I have been a volunteer here for
a few months.
How long has he worked as a volunteer at the museum He has volunteered here since
his summer holidays started.
Look at the table above and answer the following questions.
What’s the difference between “for” and “since”
(e.g., for+ time period, since+ time point)
Can you make a sentence with “for”
(e.g., I have studied English for 3 years.)
Can you make a sentence with “since”
(e.g., I have lived here since 2020.)
现在完成时表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，一直延续至今，还可能继续下去。这种用法称为“未完成用法”。此时常与for 或 since 引导的时间状语（从句）连用。
1. 现在完成时的含义
现在完成时（二）
2. 现在完成时的“未完成”用法
表示“未完成”的句式 示例
现在完成时+for+一段时间 We have known each other for twenty years.
我们认识有二十年了。
现在完成时+since+表示过去的时间点 Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984.
自从1984年史密斯先生就在这里工作。
现在完成时+since+从句 I have lived here since I was born.
我从出生起就住在这儿。
Read the sentences and circle the Verbs.
Have you been to our animal shelter before
No, I haven’t. But one of my friends has volunteered here for a long time.
Has she ever done volunteer work
Yes, she has. She has been a volunteer at a nursing home since last August.
How long have you been a volunteer
I have been a volunteer here for a few months.
How long has he worked as a volunteer at the museum
He has volunteered here since his summer holidays started.
3．延续性动词与非延续性动词
延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响，如learn, work, live, know, walk等。
非延续性动词也叫终止性动词、瞬间动词等，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后即刻停止，如open, close, die, begin, come, go, borrow等。
延续性动词可以在现在完成时中与表示一段时间的状
语连用，如“for+一段时间”“since+过去的时间点”
“since 引导的时间状语从句（一般过去时）”或
“since +一段时间+ago”等。
用 法
◆ My sister has kept these postcards since she was five.
我妹妹从五岁起就留着这些明信片了。
◆ He has owned this car for a decade.
他拥有这辆车已经十年了。
非延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，说明某个动作的结果还存在，但在肯定句中不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
The old man has moved to India for two years.
The old man has moved to India.
在否定句中，非延续性动词可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。
I haven’t heard from my friend for three days.
我已经三天没有收到朋友的消息了。
非延续性动词（短语）与延续性动词（短语）的转换
①直接转换成对应的延续性动词（短语）。
buy → have borrow → keep put on → wear
become → be catch a cold → have a cold
一个星期前他成了动物收容所的一名志愿者。
He became a volunteer at an animal shelter a week ago.
He has been a volunteer at an animal shelter for a week.
②转换成“be+形容词/副词/介词/名词等”。
林先生到澳大利亚已经十天了。
Mr Lin arrived in Australia ten days ago.
Mr Lin has been in Australia for ten days.
非延续性动词 对应的延续性表达 非延续性动词 对应的延续性表达
begin/start have/has been on marry have/has been married
finish/stop have/has been over die have/has been dead
come/go/arrive have/has been in/at leave have/has been away
join have/has been in have/has been a member of borrow have/has kept
Practice
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets and for or since.
4b
1. This college student enjoys volunteering for the army. She __________
(teach) English to the soldiers _____ three years.
2. I __________(be) a member of the Red Cross for six years. I have made
a lot of friends _______ I joined the organization.
3. Mr Wu has taught in a primary school as a volunteer _____ two years
now. ______ he started working there, he __________(help) many students.
4. The organization ___________(train) over 6,000 volunteers ________ it
began to offer classes three years ago.
has taught
for
have been
since
for
Since
has helped
has trained
since
She has worked at the nursing home ______ two months.
He has been a volunteer ______ he was in primary school.
They have collected 500 bottles ______ last Friday.
I haven’t seen my friend ______ a long time.
Our club has helped the elderly ______ 2021.
The boy has had this toy ______ three years.
We have planted over 200 trees ______ the project started.
She has known her best friend ______ she was five.
Fill in the blanks by using “for” or “since”.
for
since
since
for
since
for
since
since
I _______________ (volunteer) at this hospital since 2025.
She ________ (start) volunteering two years ago.
They __________ (be) friends for ten years.
He ________ (join) the volunteer group last month.
We _____________ (clean) up the beach since 8 a.m. this morning.
My sister ____________ (not / eat) anything since breakfast.
The old man __________ (live) in this village for 60 years.
I _____ (see) that movie when I was ten.
判断并填写正确的动词形式（现在完成时或一般过去时）
have volunteered
started
have been
joined
have cleaned
hasn't eaten
has lived
saw
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
4c
I love being a volunteer! I ____________ (work) with a sports organization for almost three years now. Since I started, I ____________ (help) out at over ten different sports events.I ___________ (make) many new friends and I _______ even ______ (meet) many famous athletes. For example, I _____(meet) two national football players from Argentina last month. They were at a stadium for a charity match. The stadium ______(be) so big that they _____ (get) lost. I gave them directions and they ________(smile) and _________ (thank) me warmly.I am proud to be a volunteer.
have worked
have helped
have made
have
met
met
was
got
smiled
thanked
Work in groups. Interview your groupmates using the questions below.
4d
Production
Where do you volunteer (at an animal shelter / a nursing home / a clean-up organization...)
What do you do there
How long have you been a volunteer (使用 for 或 since)
How do you feel
Hello everyone. I'm ______. I have been a volunteer at ______ for / since ______. I help to ______. I have learned that ______. I feel ______.
Share the answers with the class.
Acting
Pronunciation
Fluency
课堂总结
过去分词变化规则
过去动作对现在的影响
过去持续到现在的动作
have\has +过去分词
用法
与一般过去时的区别
have been to 与have gone to的区别
构成
句型结构
标志词: already、yet、just、ever、never
标志词
现在完成时
for + 时间段
since + 时间点\时间段\从句
so far \ before
in\during + 过去时间段
规则变化：ed \d \辅+y变ied \双写+ed
不规则变化：AAA\ ABB \ABC
肯定句：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他.
否定句：主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词 + 其他.
一般疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他？
特殊疑问句：疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他？
have been to：到过某地，人已回
have gone to：去了某地，人未回
一般过去时：只表示过去的动作或状态，与现在无关
现在完成时：过去动作对现在造成的影响或结果
当堂检测
一、单项填空。
( ) 1. We ______ English for six years and we can communicate with foreigners now.
A. learn B. learned C. will learn D. have learned
( ) 2. — ______ you ever ______ to the Great Wall
—Yes, I went there last year.
A. Have; been B. Have; gone C. Do; go D. Will; go
( ) 3. Daniel ______ in the same school since he came back from England.
A. stayed B. was staying C. will stay D. has stayed
D
A
D
二、阅读短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
Guo is a Chinese man. He 1. ________ (live) in France for 12 years. In 2022, he began selling Shanxi daoxiaomian there. Guo 2. ______ (share) some videos of his shop online, and the shop quickly became popular. So far, he 3. ________ (have) millions of fans around the world.
At first, Guo 4. ________ (worry) French people didn’t like the noodles. However, they accepted the food gladly. “Many have added our noodles to their daily diet,” Guo said. “Food 5. ________ (know) no borders.”
Since the noodle shop 6. _______ (open), Guo has hosted many French people who are interested in China. Guo often shares his knowledge of China with them. He hopes more foreigners can know about China.
has lived
shared
has had
worried
knows
opened
Homework
用 for 和 since 各造三个句子，描述你自己或他人的志愿者经历。

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