资源简介

(共125张PPT)
　
Part 2
LESSON 3,WRITING WORKSHOP,
VIEWING WORKSHOP
自主预习·课前清障
基础识记
1.pedal 　　　　　 vi.& vt.
n.
2.disposable adj.
3.air conditioning n.
阅读单词
骑
踏板
一次性的,用完即丢弃的
空调系统
1. 　　　　　 adv.因此;由此
2. n.小径,小道
3. n.目的地;终点
4. n.居民
5. n.看法;态度
6. n.图解,示意图
核心单词
therefore
path
destination
resident
attitude
diagram
7. n.百分比,百分率
8. adj.塑料制的
9. n.蜂蜜
10. n.黄油,牛油
11. n.酸奶
12. vt.概括,总结
percentage
plastic
honey
butter
yoghurt
sum
运用单词
1.parking n.(车辆等的)停放→ v.停车 n.公园
2.disappear vi.消失,不见→ n.消失
3.tracking n.跟踪→ n.足迹,踪迹;轨道;小径 v.跟踪;追踪
4.official n.官员,高级职员 adj.公务的;官方的→ adv.官方地;正式地→ n.办公室→ n.军官;官员
park
disappearance
track
officially
office
officer
5.packaging n.包装盒(瓶、袋),包装材料→ n.包;盒;袋 v.将……包装好/打包
6.container n.容器→ vt.包含;容纳
7.majority n.大多数→ n.主修科目;专业;(某专业的)主修学生 adj.主要的 v.主修
8.indicate vt.表明;显示→ n.表明;象征
package
contain
major
indication
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1. 　　　　 　 许多,大量
2. 受……的欢迎
3. 在20世纪60年代
4. 想出,想到;提出(计划、想法等)
5. 被允许做某事
6. 由于,因为
plenty of
be/become popular with
in the 1960s
come up with
be allowed to do sth
thanks to
7. 参加
8. 削减,缩减
9. ……的大多数
10. 总之
take part (in)
cut back on
the majority of...
to sum up
重点句型
1.人们在行程结束时就地停放自行车,以便其他人能继续使用。
People would leave the bike in the place they finished their journey, someone else could then take it and use it from there.
where
so that
2.1999年,“白色自行车”回到了阿姆斯特丹,这次自行车安装了电子跟踪系统以记录它们的“一举一动”!
In 1999,the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time
their every move!
3.如图所示,认为自己需要去帮助保护环境的人的比例高达96%。
,the percentage of those who felt that they needed to help protect the environment is 96%.
with a
computer tracking system to record
As the diagram shows
as high as
4.总而言之,似乎所有的参与者都明白保护环境的必要性。
To sum up, almost all who took part understood the need to help take care of the environment.
it seems that
学习理解·语篇解构
语篇导读·先行把握
■
■
1.主题语境:人与自然——“白色自行车”在路上
2.语篇类型:说明文
3.课文内容分析:本文介绍了“白色自行车”这个概念的由来及发展。阅读本文,有利于培养学生的环境保护意识。
多维解读·深度剖析
■
■
flat
parking
painted
stole
to record
enjoy
精研细读·深层理解
■
■
1.What’s the main idea of this passage
It is mainly about the development of “white bikes” in Amsterdam and its influence on the world,especially on China.
2.Why is Amsterdam called “the City of Bicycles”
Because of its convenience for bicycles.
3.Why did the first “white bikes” plan fail
Because thieves stole all the “white bikes” in a matter of weeks.
4.In 1999,what did people do if they wanted to take a “white bike” in Amsterdam
They had to put in a special card.
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
1.Amsterdam is a good city for cycling because it’s flat and therefore convenient for bikes.
阿姆斯特丹是个适合骑行的城市,它地势平坦方便骑行。
◆therefore adv.因此;由此
For many weeks,every Saturday,the three children would prepare popcorn for Bernard to sell.This little boy therefore could help support his family.
一连好几个星期,每个星期六,三个孩子都会准备爆米花给伯纳德卖。因此,这个小男孩可以帮助养家。
Their car was bigger and therefore more comfortable.
他们的车更大,因此更舒适些。
She coughed badly,so she went to see a doctor.
她咳嗽得很厉害,所以去看了医生。
温馨提示
易混辨析:therefore与so
therefore是副词,它不可以连接并列句,只起承上启下的作用,前为因,后为果。so既可用作副词,也可用作连词,可以连接并列句。
用therefore或so填空
①There’s something wrong with his computer,and 　　　 　 he can’t surf the Internet.
②It was raining heavily,　　　 　 they had to stay at home.
③He studied very hard,and 　　　 　 he passed the exam.
语境运用
therefore
so
therefore
2.In the 1960s,a group of cycling fans came up with an idea.
20世纪60年代一群骑行爱好者提出了一个想法。
◆come up with 想出,想到;提出(计划、想法等)
归 纳 拓 展
come about发生
come on来吧;赶快;开始
come out出版;出来;暴露;结果是
come across (偶然)遇见;发现;给人以……印象
come to苏醒;总计;达到
come to sb (主意)被想出
come through康复
The team came up with a solution to the problem after hours of discussion.
经过几个小时的讨论,该团队想出了一个解决这个问题的办法。
How did it come about that you were late for such an important meeting
这么重要的会议你怎么会迟到呢
When Alice came to,she did not know how long she had been lying there.
当爱丽丝苏醒过来时,她不知道自己在那里躺了多久。
come about发生
come to苏醒;总计;达到
①问题、建议及计划等被提出时用come up,表示被动含义。
Jeane Kirkpatrick’s name has come up a lot.
珍妮·柯克帕特里克的名字被多次提到。
②和up with 搭配的词组还有:keep up with 熟悉,了解(消息、形势等); catch up with 赶上,追上; put up with容忍,忍受等。
温馨提示
单句语法填空
①It suddenly came 　　　　 her that she could have another choice.
②Can you tell me how the accident came 　　　　
③It was a mercy that she was able to come 　　　　 that risky operation.
④The rare issue came 　　　　 at the meeting yesterday,making us fairly confused.
⑤He spoke for a long time but none of his points seemed to come 　　　　.
⑥His book on English learning will come 　　　　 next month.
语境运用
to
about
through
up
across
out
3.In 1999,the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer tracking system to record their every move!
1999年,“白色自行车”回到了阿姆斯特丹,这次自行车安装了电子跟踪系统以记录它们的“一举一动”!
◆tracking n.跟踪
归 纳 拓 展
track n.足迹,踪迹;轨道;小径v.跟踪;追踪
keep track of 跟踪;记录;与……保持联系
lose track of 跟不上……的进展;与……失去联系;忘记
on the track of 跟踪,尾随;追踪
The research project involves tracking the careers of 400 graduates.
该研究项目对400名毕业生的事业发展情况进行了跟踪调查。
The police kept track of the kidnapper using electronic surveillance equipment.
警方利用电子监视设备跟踪绑架者。
keep track of 跟踪;记录;与……保持联系
His mind would wander,and he would lose track of what he was doing.
他会走神,忘了自己正在做什么。
The police are on the track of the thieves.
警察正在追踪小偷。
lose track of 跟不上……的进展;与……失去联系;忘记
on the track of 跟踪,尾随;追踪
单句语法填空
①A new method for moving object recognition and 　　　 　(track) in the intelligent traffic monitoring system was proposed.
②The police were 　　　　 the track of an escaped criminal.
③It was a very effective way for them to keep track 　　 　　 their spending.
语境运用
tracking
on
of
完成句子
④With eleven thousand employees,it’s very difficult to 　　　　　　　(记录) them all.
keep track of
4.Last August,city officials interviewed about 500 residents to find out people’s attitudes to protecting the environment and what actions they had taken.
去年8月,城市官员采访了大约500名市民,调查了解人们对环境保护的态度以及他们采取了什么行动。
◆attitude n.看法;态度
归 纳 拓 展
(1)attitude towards/to 对……的看法/态度
have/take a positive attitude towards/to 对……有积极的态度
(2)altitude n.高度;海拔
What’s your attitude towards/to the idea
你对这个想法的态度是什么
We should have a positive attitude towards/to life.
我们应该对生活有积极的态度。
The plane is flying at the altitude of 10,000 metres.
飞机在万米高空飞行。
have/take a positive attitude towards/to
对……有积极的态度
单句语法填空
①People differ in their attitudes 　　　　 failure.
②Only when you take 　　　　 positive attitude towards the project will you enjoy the whole process.
语境运用
towards/to
a
完成句子
③重要的不是你做什么,而是你对这件事的态度。
What matters is not what you do,but 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
翻译句子
④态度决定高度。
your attitude towards/to this matter
Attitude determines altitude.
5.More than half of those who took part in the survey had done four of the five activities in the past month.
超过一半的受访者在过去的一个月里做了5项活动中的4项。
◆take part (in)参加
归 纳 拓 展
take an active part in 积极参与
表示“参加,参与”的词(组)还有:
join v.参加(某个团体,某个组织)
join in/participate in 参加(某项活动)
attend v.上学;出席,参加(正式的活动或场合)
He began to take part in some sports activities last year.
他去年开始参加一些体育活动。
Students should take an active part in class discussions.
学生应该积极参与课堂讨论。
Please let us know if you cannot attend the meeting.
你若不能参加会议,请告知我们。
take an active part in 积极参与
attend v.上学;出席,参加(正式的活动或场合)
选词填空(take part in,participate in,join,attend)
①When I was young,I was too shy to 　　　　 　　　　　　 the activities which needed me to speak in public.
②That excellent young man 　　 　　 the Student Union last year.
③Hurry up!I have to 　　　　 a lecture given by Mr Li in fifteen minutes.
语境运用
take part in/participate in
joined
attend
完成句子
④He is outgoing and easygoing and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(积极参与) all kinds of activities.
takes an active part in
6.cut back on the use of disposable packaging
减少一次性包装的使用
◆cut back on 削减,缩减
归 纳 拓 展
cut off 切断;中断;隔绝
cut down 砍倒
cut down on 削减;减少
cut in 插嘴
The government has cut back on defence spending.
政府已经削减了国防开支。
The electricity supply was cut off.
电力供应被切断了。
cut off 切断;中断;隔绝
The dead tree was cut down.
这棵枯树被砍倒了。
You should cut down on fats and carbohydrates.
你应该减少摄入脂肪和碳水化合物。
cut down 砍倒
cut down on 削减;减少
单句语法填空
①Electricity and water in the buildings were cut 　　　　.
②We shall have to cut back 　　　　 our spending.
③For every tree cut 　　　　,three or four new ones are planted.
完成句子
④He 　　　　　　　　　　　　(减少) coffee and cigarettes,and ate a balanced diet.
语境运用
off
on
down
cut back/down on
7.Also,the majority of residents had cycled or walked.
此外,大多数居民骑自行车或步行。
◆majority n.大多数
归 纳 拓 展
(1)the/a majority of 大多数
in the/a majority 占多数
(2)minority n.少数
in the/a minority 占少数
(3)major adj.主要的 n.主修科目,专业;(某专业的)主修学生 v.主修
major in 主修,专攻
(2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Although these campaigns were widespread,the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car.
尽管这些运动很普遍,但现实情况是,大多数西方城市都是围绕汽车的需求进行了彻底的重新设计。
the/a majority of 大多数
According to the chart,people who browse English learning websites are in the minority.
依据图表显示,浏览英语学习网站的人占少数。
(应用文写作之求助信)Please give me some advice on whether I should major in law or English.
请给我一些建议,告诉我应该主修法学还是英语。
in the/a majority 占多数
major in 主修,专攻
单句语法填空
①The majority of the classrooms in our school　　　 　(equip) with smart boards.
②I believe that students supporting me are 　　　 　 the majority.
语境运用
are equipped
in
完成句子
③(话题写作之学校生活)在我们学校,大多数学生积极参加课外活动,比如加入绘画和音乐社团。
In our school,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 actively participate in extracurricular activities,such as joining the painting and music clubs.
④(应用文写作之申请信)作为一名旅游专业的毕业生,我非常高兴能申请这个职位。
As a graduate 　　　　　　　　　　　　,I feel more than delighted to apply for the position.
the/a majority of the students
majoring in tourism
8.To sum up,it seems that almost all who took part understood the need to help take care of the environment.
总而言之,似乎所有的参与者都明白保护环境的必要性。
◆sum vt.概括,总结 n.总数;金额;算术
归纳拓展
To sum up,the plan falls into seven categories.
总之,该计划分为七个方面。
It is wise of you to figure out the sum of the money you will spend on the trip before setting out.
你在出发前先算出这次旅行要花多少钱是明智的。
In sum,the two countries are now true economic partners.
总而言之,两国目前是真正的经济合作伙伴。
单句语法填空
①　　　 　 sum,theory should be combined with practice.
②Will you please sum 　　　　 the main ideas of this article
语境运用
In
up
完成句子
③他因违反交通规则被罚了许多钱,数目达到了1 000美元。
He has been fined 　　　　　　　　　　 money for breaking the traffic rules and 　　　　　　　　　　 it comes to $1,000.
④总之,为了健康,你必须有规律地锻炼。
　　　　　　　　,for your health,you must take regular exercises.
a sum of
the sum of
To sum up
重点句式
As the diagram shows,the percentage of those who felt that they needed to help protect the environment is as high as 96%.
如图所示,认为自己需要去帮助保护环境的人的比例高达96%。
句中的as high as为“as+形容词+as”结构,其中第一个as为副词,修饰形容词high,第二个as为连词。
归纳拓展
He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
他说他变得和舞台上演奏乐器的人一样紧张。
He doesn’t study as hard as his brother.
他学习不如他弟弟努力。
New drivers have twice as many accidents as experienced drivers.
新驾驶员所出的事故是老驾驶员的两倍。
完成句子
①说实话,这部电影不如我们上周看的那部有趣。
To tell the truth,the film is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the one we saw last week.
②大脑同身体一样需要锻炼。
The mind needs exercise 　　　　　　　　　　　　 the body.
语境运用
not as interesting as
as well as
③我希望这件事尽快完成。
I want it done 　 .
同义句转换
④The hall is five times bigger than our classroom.
→The hall is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 our classroom.
as quickly as possible
five times as big as
长难句分析
People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey,so that someone else could then take it and use it from there.
人们在行程结束时就地停放自行车,以便其他人能继续使用。
句中where引导定语从句,修饰the place,so that引导目的状语从句。
单句情境写作
①我想买一个周围有公园的房子,这样我就可以有更多的机会锻炼。
I want to buy a house 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,
　　　　　　　　 I can have more opportunities to work out.
语境运用
where there is a park around
so that
②我们将努力改善父母与孩子交谈的方式,以便帮助他们与孩子建立良好的关系。
We will try to improve the ways 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,
　　　　　　　　 we can help them build a good relationship with their children.
that parents talk with their children
so that
进阶提升·写作微练
描写某个地方的优势、特征
常用词汇
课文词汇
1.a good city for cycling 一个适合骑行的城市
2.be convenient for bikes 方便骑行
3.because of its convenience for bicycles 由于为骑行提供便利
4.become popular with 受……的欢迎
补充词汇
5.have/with a history of 有……的历史
6.have/with a population of 有……的人口
7.have many places of interest 有许多名胜古迹
8.with green hills and clear rivers 有青山绿水
9.neither too cold nor too hot 既不太冷也不太热
10.be rich/high in 富含……
11.a place rich in 一个……丰富之地
12.be famous/well-known for 因……而闻名
13.be honoured as 被誉为……
常用句型
课文原句
1.Amsterdam is a good city for cycling because it’s flat and therefore convenient for bikes.
阿姆斯特丹是个适合骑行的城市,它地势平坦方便骑行。
2.There are also plenty of places for bicycle parking and most streets in the city centre have a bicycle path.
也有很多地方可以停放自行车,市中心的大多数街道都有自行车道。
3.Because of its convenience for bicycles,Amsterdam has become very popular with cyclists—an amazing 38% of all trips are made by bike.
由于为骑行提供便利,阿姆斯特丹非常受骑行者的欢迎——有高达38%的出行使用自行车。
其他表达
4.Located in the north of China,Beijing is the political centre of China.
北京位于中国的北方,是中国的政治中心。
5.In Sydney,there are many places of interest,such as the Opera House.
在悉尼有许多名胜古迹,例如歌剧院。
6.As a city of tourism,it attracts millions of visitors from all over the world.
作为一个旅游城市,它吸引了来自世界各地数以百万计的游客。
微写作训练
1.作为一个历史悠久的城市,北京有许多名胜古迹,如故宫博物院、颐和园、长城等。
As a city 　　　　　　　　　　　　,there are many 　　　　　　　　　in Beijing,such as the Palace Museum,the Summer Palace,and the Great Wall and so on.
2.我的家乡是一个小村庄,有青青的山、清澈的河流和整齐的村舍。
My hometown is a small village 　　　　　　　　　,　　　　　　　　,and
　　　　　　　　　　　　.
with a long history
places of interest
with green hills
clear rivers
orderly village houses
3.这个位于长江以南的小镇气候宜人,景色优美,非常适合居住。
This small town in the south of the Yangtze River has 　　　　　　　　 and
　　　　　　　　,making it very 　 .
a pleasant climate
beautiful scenery
suitable for living
课文二次开发利用
课文语法填空
The idea of “white bikes”1.　　　　 (begin) about 50 years ago,and ever since then,people in Amsterdam have been enjoying the benefits of cycling.
Flat and convenient for bikes,Amsterdam is a good city for cycling.Because of its 2.　　　 　 (convenient) for bicycles,Amsterdam has become very popular with cyclists—an amazing 38% of all trips 3.　　　 　 (make) by bike.That’s how it gets the nickname “the City of Bicycles”.
began
convenience
are made
In the 1960s,a group of cycling fans came up with 4.　　　　 idea that it would be better for both people and the environment if only bicycles were allowed in the city centre.The group painted hundreds of bicycles white and placed them in many areas around Amsterdam 5.　　　　 people to use free of charge.However,problems came up and the “white bikes” all disappeared— 6.　　 　　 (thief) stole them all in a matter of weeks!
7.　　　　 in 1999,the “white bikes” returned with a computer tracking system to record their every move!Thanks to the ideas and efforts of many people,you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in 8.　　　 (centre) Amsterdam.
an
for
thieves
But
central
　　Nowadays,the idea of “white bikes” has pedalled 9.　　　　 (it) way around the world.In China,more and more cities have their own “white bike” programmes.Both the locals and tourists like to use 10.　　　 (share) bikes because bike-sharing is a cheap and easy way to save energy,reduce air and noise pollution,and enjoy the benefits of exercise in cities.
its
shared
语法专项指导
词性的转化
语法原句再现
①People in Amsterdam have been enjoying the benefits of cycling for years.
②Amsterdam is a good city for cycling because it’s flat and therefore convenient for bikes.
③They were hopeful that this would help to save energy,reduce pollution and provide free public transport.
④In 1999,the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer tracking system to record their every move!
⑤The bikes were parked at special parking places.
以上句中的黑体词均有多个不同的词性,这叫词性的转化。你能说出它们在句中是什么词性吗 它们还有什么其他的词性
语法知识点拨
语法梳理
一、转化为名词
1.动词转化为名词
有大量动词可以转化为名词,这些转化后的名词一般表示原来的动作或状态,意思没有太大的区别。
We have done quite enough work for the morning,now let’s take a break.
今天上午我们干得够多了,现在让我们休息一下。
We stopped there for a swim.
我们在那儿停下来游了一会儿泳。
这类名词常与某一动词构成短语,表示一个动作。
have a (look,chat,talk,wash,swim,rest,try,quarrel,read,dream,run,fight,walk,
ride,laugh,dance,bath,wish,win,fear,love,shave,debate,interview,taste...)
make a (study,guess,visit,call,survey,jump,slip,change,search,stay,start,reply,
remark,purchase,sacrifice,demand,show,deal...)
2.形容词转化为名词
部分形容词,特别是表示颜色的形容词常转化为名词;某些形容词如old,
young,poor,rich,wounded,injured等与the连用,表示一类人,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
You should be dressed in black at the funeral.
在葬礼上你应该穿黑色衣服。
The young have a completely different set of values and expectations.
年轻人有一整套截然不同的价值观和期望。
二、转化为动词
1.名词转化为动词
(1)许多表示物品的名词可以用作动词来表示动作。
The little home was painted white.It was sweet and fresh.
这个小家被漆成了白色。 它既甜美又清新。
Who chaired the meeting
谁主持了会议
(2)一些表示身体部位的名词可用作动词。
Hand in your exercise books,please.
请把你们的练习本交上来。
Who headed the delegation
谁率领代表团
(3)一些表示某类人的名词可用作动词。
If so,we shall be badly fooled.
如果这样的话,我们就会被骗得很惨。
He insisted on staying up to nurse the child.
他坚持不睡觉照顾这个小孩。
2.形容词转化为动词
The train slowed down to half its speed.
火车的速度慢了一半。
Please warm up the dish over the stove.
请把菜放在炉子上加热一下。
To become a specialist,one may have to narrow his range of knowledge.
要想成为专家,一个人就得缩小他的知识面。
三、其他转化词性的情况
1.This is a repeat performance of their old trick.
这是他们的故技重演。(动词→形容词)
2.We began to march north.
我们开始向北行进。(名词→副词)
温馨提示
有个别词在一定场合下可用作名词。如:
While you’re in China,Mount Huangshan is a must to visit!
在中国,黄山是必游之地!
Have you considered the why and how of the plan
你考虑过这一计划的原因和方式吗
四、通过读音转化词性
有一些词可以词形不变用作另一词性,但其读音或重音需要发生变化。较常见的是一些双音节词,作动词时重音在后,作名词时重音在前。
单词 作动词 作名词
digest /daI d est/消化 / daId est/摘要;文摘
export /Ik sp t/出口;输出 / eksp t/出口;输出
import /Im p t/进口;输入 / Imp t/进口,输入
permit /p mIt/允许;准许 / p mIt/许可证
present /prI zent/颁发;上演 / preznt/礼物
record /rI k d/记录;录音 / rek d/记录;唱片
transfer /tr ns f (r)/转学;转移 / tr nsf (r)/转移;
调动
transport /tr n sp t/运输,运送 / tr nsp t/运输
1.(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　　　　　
真题赏析
答案及剖析:
1.动词;骑自行车。和情态动词can一起构成谓语动词。
动词
骑自行车
2.(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)When enough of these errors are averaged together,
they cancel each other out,resulting in a more accurate estimate.
词性:　　　　　词义:　　　 　　　　　
答案及剖析:
2.动词;算出……的平均数。和are一起构成从句中的谓语动词。
动词
算出……的平均数
3.(2023·浙江1月卷)Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back.
词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　　　　　
答案及剖析:
3.名词;浪费。waste是名词作主语。
名词
浪费
4.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.”
词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　　　　　
答案及剖析:
4.动词;给……加标题。此处是过去分词作后置定语。
动词
给……加标题
5.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Our roles in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt.Attach icing (糖霜) ears.Apply icing eyes and nose.
Remove bunny from the belt.
词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　　　　　
答案及剖析:
5.动词;放置。画线词所在句为祈使句,动词Place后接名词cakes作宾语。
动词
放置
Ⅰ.写出下列句中画线词的词性和词义
1.The girl carried a barrel of water to water those flowers.
词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　　　　　
词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　　　　　
2.That big house can house 20 people.
词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　　　　　
词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　　　　　
n.
语法专项训练
水
vt.
浇水
n.
房子
vt. 　
容纳
3.My deskmate booked a book,which was popular among students.
词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　　　　　
词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　　　　　
4.The young man worked out the difficult problem during his work.
词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　　　　　
词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　　　　　
vt.
预订
n. 　
书
vi.
解决
n. 　
工作
5.The woman is mothering the baby like his mother.
词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　　 　　　
词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　　　　　
6.He often devotes up to 50 hours a week to his cause,which has caused him to get promoted.
词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　　　　　
词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　　　　　
vt.
像母亲般关怀或照管　
n.
母亲
n.
事业
vt.
造成,导致
7.Can you break the one hundred dollar bill and give me some change
词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　　　　　
8.The man will get a fine if he parks the car there.
词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　　　　　
词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　　　　　
n.
零钱
n.
罚款
vt.
停车
9.As we know,the song was a hit at that time.
词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　　　　　
10.Dad really loves to fish.
词性:　　　　　词义:　　　　　　　　
n.
风行一时的作品
vi.
钓鱼
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.我们出去散散步吧。
Let’s go out for 　　　　　　　　.
2.他是个体格健壮的男人。
He is a man of strong 　　　　.
3.我们去游泳吧。
Let’s 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
a walk
build
go for a swim
4.你订好飞机座位了吗
Did you 　　　　 a seat on the plane
5.请把那本书递给我。
Please 　　　　 me the book.
book
hand
写作专项指导
A SURVEY REPORT
1.文体类型:调查报告
2.要点内容:(1)关于人们对保护环境的态度及行动的调查结果;(2)对调查结果的分析。
文本解读
思路指引
实用表达
1.交代调查的时间、对象、主题及目的等
(1)Recently a survey has been done to find out...
最近,人们做了一项调查来查明……
(2)We’ve conducted a survey recently to learn something about... It can be seen from the figures/statistics that...
最近我们进行了一项调查来了解关于……的情况。从数字/统计数据可以看出……
2.描述调查结果
(1)From/According to the result of the survey,we can conclude that it’s of great importance...
根据调查结果,我们可以得出……很重要的结论。
(2)As is shown in the above table...
如上表所示……
3.描述数据反映的情况
(1)Some of the students firmly believe that we are supposed to...
一些学生坚定地认为我们应该……
(2)However,the majority of the students think it’s not necessary for them to...
然而,大多数学生认为对他们来说没有必要……
4.阐述个人观点或建议
(1)To sum up/Personally speaking,...is of great benefit for all of us.
总之/就个人而言,……对我们大家都大有益处。
(2)As far as I am concerned,effective measures should be instantly taken to help...
在我看来,应该立即采取有效措施来帮助……
(3)From my own perspective,we should take action to help...
在我看来,我们应当采取行动来帮助……
佳作建构
上个月,某公司以35岁以下的人群作为调查对象,选取了1 000人进行了一项关于“网上购物”的调查,调查情况如下表。
你是否愿意在网上购物
结果 64%愿意 36%不愿意
原因 1.方便,在家可买到所需物品 2.网上商品比较便宜,而且可选择的品牌多 1.害怕买到赝品
2.担心被骗钱
结论 只要防范网上购物的弊端,将有越来越多的人选择网上购物。
请根据以上提示信息,用英语写一篇调查报告,内容包括:
1.调查时间、调查问题、调查对象以及调查结果;
2.人们愿意在网上购物的主要原因;
3.人们不愿意在网上购物的主要原因;
4.本次调查的结论。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
审题谋篇
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1.　　　　　　　　 n.看法;态度
2.　　　　　　　　 vt.参与;包含
3.　　　　　　　　 adj.方便的
4.　　　　　　　 　 n.大多数
5.　　　　　 　　　 懒得做某事
6.　　　　　　　　 总之
attitude
involve
convenient
majority
can’t be bothered to do sth
to sum up
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
完成句子
1.大约64%参与调查的人愿意在网上购物。
　　　　　　　　　　　　 those 　　　　 are willing to shop online.
2.他们中的大多数人认为互联网方便他们购买需要的东西。
　　　　　　　　 　　　　 them think the Internet makes it
　　 　　 to buy what they need.
Around 64% of
involved
The majority of
convenient
3.他们懒得出门。
They 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 go out.
4.剩下的人对网上购物有不同的看法。
The rest 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 shopping online.
can’t be bothered to
have a different attitude towards
亮点提升
用if引导的条件状语从句连接第2句和第3句。
The majority of them think the Internet makes it convenient to buy what they need if they can’t be bothered to go out.
范文展示
Last month,a company carried out a survey about shopping online among 1,000 interviewees younger than 35 years old.
Around 64% of those involved are willing to shop online,because the majority of them think the Internet makes it convenient to buy what they need if they can’t be bothered to go out.Besides,they believe that goods online are cheaper,with a variety of brands to choose from.However,the rest have a different attitude towards shopping online,claiming that goods on sale on the Internet might be fake and that they are worried about being cheated out of money.
To sum up,only by guarding against the disadvantages of online shopping will more and more people choose to shop online.
写作练习
上周,你校学生会就幸福观对500名学生进行了一次调查,调查结果如下表。
人数占比 幸福观 原因
32% 财富 可以买到想要的东西
45% 健康 可以做想做的事
23% 知识 有好的未来
请根据以上数据,写一篇调查报告,内容包括:
1.调查的时间、对象和主题;
2.所调查学生的不同观点及理由;
3.你的观点及感悟。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
写作指导
One possible version:
Last week,the Students’ Union made a survey about what is happiness among 500 students of our school.
According to the result,32% of the surveyed students think wealth is happiness because they think with much wealth they can buy things they want.While 45% of them hold the view that they should be in good health so that they can do whatever they like.And the rest 23% of the students believe that a man with much knowledge,which will bring him a bright future,is the happiest.
From the survey,I know different people value happiness differently and as for me,my happiness exists in my study.(共157张PPT)
UNIT 8　
GREEN LIVING
[头脑风暴·思维发散]
We are facing many serious environmental problems,such as global warming,air pollution and so on.In order to solve the problems,some organisations were established.It’s time for us to take action to protect our globe.
What can we do Can you give some suggestions
　
Part 1
TOPIC TALK,LESSON 1,
LESSON 2
自主预习·课前清障
基础识记
1.tap　　　　　 n.
2.just-me-ism n.
3.gallon n.
4.chimpanzee n.
5.wag vi.& vt.
6.union n.
7.headstone n.
阅读单词
龙头;阀门
以自我为中心,自我中心主义
加仑
黑猩猩
(狗)摇(尾巴)
联合会
墓碑
1. n.纸巾
2. n.海洋,大海
3. n.雾霾
4. n.沙漠
5. n.交通运输系统,运输方式
6. vi.& vt.再利用,回收利用
7. n.电池
8. n.碳
核心单词
tissue
ocean
smog
desert
transport
recycle
battery
carbon
9. n.一套公寓房,一套住房
adj.平坦的
10. n.树根
11. n.芽,苗;嫩枝
vt.射中;射击
12. n.机构;研究院
13. n.砖,砖块
14. n.海报
flat
root
shoot
institute
brick
poster
15. n.盈利,利润
16. n.下午
17. vi.发生
18. n.地区,区域
19. adj.微小的;苗条的;薄的
20. n.比率,率
21. n.引文,引用(的话)
profit
pm
occur
region
slim
rate
quote
22. vt.克服(困难);控制(感情)
23. adj.以前的,从前的
24. adj.当前的,现时的
25. n.县
26. adj.普通的;平常的
overcome
former
current
county
ordinary
运用单词
1.global adj.全球的,全世界的→ n.地球;世界
2.industrial adj.工业的→ n.工业
3.extinction n.灭绝→ adj.消亡的;灭绝的
4.solution n.解决办法→ v.解决,处理
5.electricity n.电→ adj.电动的;发电的→ adj.电的;用电的
6.balance n.平衡→ adj.保持平衡的;均衡的
globe
industry
extinct
solve
electric
electrical
balanced
7.bother vi.& vt.费心,麻烦→ adj.担心的;烦恼的
8.firm adj.实的;稳固的→ adv.坚定地;坚固地
9.foundation n.基础;地基→ vt.建立,创立→ n.创办人,创始者
10.involve vt.参与;包含→ adj.卷入的;参与的;有……密切关联的;包含的;涉及的→ n.参与;介入;卷入
11.organiser n.组织者,安排者→ v.组织;安排→ n.组织,机构
bothered
firmly
found
founder
involved
involvement
organise
organisation
12.contented adj.满意的;满足的→ n.内容 vt.使满足;使满意
13.agriculture n.农业→ adj.农业的;农用的
14.proposal n.建议,提议→ v.提议,建议;打算
15.survival n.继续生存,幸存→ v.生存;存活→ n.幸存者,生还者
16.determination n.决心;毅力→ vt.查明;决定;确定;下决心→
adj.有决心的;坚定的;坚决的
content
agricultural
propose
survive
survivor
determine
determined
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1. 　　　　　捡垃圾
2. 例如
3. 与……和谐相处;与……协调一致
4.
提高我们的环境保护意识
5. 尽自己所能做某事
6. 干扰,干涉;妨碍
pick up litter
for instance
in harmony with
increase our awareness of environmental protection
do my part for sth
interfere with
7. 遭受
8. 被称为
9. 让……处于(某种状态)
10. 懒得做某事
11. 起作用,产生影响
12. 采取行动
13. 建立,设立
suffer from
be known as/be referred to as
leave sth (sb) doing
can’t be bothered to do sth
make a difference
take action
set up
14. 致力于,献身于
15. 全世界
16. (使)某人梦想成真
17. 使某事结束
18. 调整(情绪);完成,解决
19. 担心,关心
be committed to
all around the world
make sb’s dream come true
bring sth to an end
work through
be concerned about
重点句型
1.我们用起资源来就好像我们有两个而不是一个星球似的。
We are using resources we had two planets,not one.
2.比方说你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流,外出的时候不关灯,或者掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。
Well,say you while you brush your teeth,
when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.
as if
leave the tap running
leave a light on
3.你知道这些都是不对的,但那又怎么样
You know that all those things are wrong,but
4.正是通过这种令人激动的方式共同行动起来,我们可以让成百上千、甚至千百万人参与其中,这将改变世界。
by acting together,in this exciting way, we can involve thousands—millions—of people,and this is .
so what
It is
that
what is going to change the world
学习理解·语篇解构
语篇导读·先行把握
■
■
1.主题语境:人与自然——绿色生活
2.语篇类型:说明文
3.课文内容分析:本文介绍了“根与芽”组织的由来与意义。阅读本文,有利于培养学生形成绿色生活的意识。
多维解读·深度剖析
■
■
To inspire
a secure future
peacefully/in peace
foundation
breaking
solve
it
makes a difference
精研细读·深层理解
■
■
1.When was Roots & Shoots established
In the early 1990s.
2.Who does Roots & Shoots represent
It represents you,your friends and young people all around the world.
3.What can we learn from the text (The answer may vary.)
Every individual can make a difference to the world.
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
1.maintaining the balance between human and nature
保持人与自然的平衡
◆balance n.平衡;均衡 v.(使)保持平衡;权衡
归 纳 拓 展
(1)keep/lose (one’s) balance 保持/失去平衡
keep a balance between A and B 保持A和B之间的平衡
(2)balance A against B 权衡/比较A和B
(3)balanced adj.保持平衡的;均衡的
keep a balanced diet 保持均衡饮食
I tried to keep my balance on my new skates.
我穿着新的溜冰鞋,努力保持平衡。
You have to balance the advantages against the disadvantages of doing so.
你必须权衡这样做的利弊。
A balanced diet provides nutrition for your body.
均衡饮食为你的身体提供营养。
keep/lose (one’s) balance 保持/失去平衡
balance A against B 权衡/比较A和B
单句语法填空
①You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside
the disadvantages.
②Most of us need to lead more 　　　 　(balance) lives to be healthy and happy.
③If you want to have a happy school life,you’d better keep a balance between study 　　　　 relaxation.
语境运用
against
balanced
and
完成句子
④The girl 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (失去平衡) and fell off the balance beam.
lost her balance
2.To me,green living is about doing my part for the environment.
对我来说,绿色生活就是为环境尽一份力。
◆do my part for sth 尽自己所能做某事
归 纳 拓 展
play a part in在……中扮演角色;在……中起作用
take part in参加,参与
for the most part 多半;大部分;在极大程度上
in part部分地;在一定程度上
Everyone should do his part for our country to become better.
每一个人都应该尽自己所能让我们的国家变得更好。
These days steady work plays an important part in single women’s life.
如今,稳定的工作在单身女性的生活中起着重要作用。
Last weekend,my classmates and I took part in a farm picking activity.
上周末,我和我的同班同学参加了一个农场采摘活动。
play a part in在……中扮演角色;在……中起作用
take part in参加,参与
完成句子
①我会尽我所能保护环境。
I’ll 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the protection of the environment.
②这位老人在俱乐部里起着重要的作用。
The old man is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the club.
语境运用
do my part for
playing an important part in
③出席会议的人大部分是科学家。
The people present at the meeting are,　　　　　　　　　　　,scientists.
④有多少国家会参加下届奥运会
How many countries will 　　　　　　　　　　　　 the next Olympic Games
for the most part
take part in
3.Well,say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth,leave a light on when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.
比方说你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流,外出的时候不关灯,或者掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。
◆bother vi.& vt.费心,麻烦n.麻烦,不便;令人烦恼的情况(或事物、人)
归 纳 拓 展
(1)bother doing/to do sth 费心做某事
bother sb with/about sth 为某事打扰/麻烦某人
It bothers sb that... 使某人苦恼的是
It bothers sb to do sth 做某事使某人苦恼
can’t be bothered to do sth 懒得做某事
(2)have bother (in) doing sth 费劲做某事
Don’t be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering you.
不要对谈论困扰你的事情感到害怕或尴尬。
Why bother asking if you’re not really interested
如果你不是真的感兴趣,为什么要费心打听呢
bother doing/to do sth 费心做某事
My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me.
我哥哥懒得和我一起玩。
We had quite a lot of bother (in) finding his office because of the fog.
因为有雾,我们费了很大的劲才找到他的办公室。
can’t be bothered to do sth 懒得做某事
have bother (in) doing sth 费劲做某事
单句语法填空
①Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students to talk over what
　　 　　(bother) them.
②Please don’t bother 　　　 　(buy) me an air ticket.I’ve got one.
③Must you bother me 　　 　　 such silly jokes
④It bothered Tom greatly 　　　　 he had failed his driving test.
语境运用
is bothering
buying/to buy
with/about
that
完成句子
⑤我懒得解释为什么我参加聚会迟到了。
I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 why I was late for the party.
couldn’t be bothered to explain
4.To inspire young people to take action for the environment,animals and their community,Roots & Shoots was established.
为了激励年轻人行动起来保护环境、动物和社区,“根与芽”(Roots & Shoots)诞生了。
◆take action 采取行动;采取措施
归 纳 拓 展
take action to do sth 的同义短语:
act to do sth
take measures to do sth
take steps to do sth
The United Nations calls on all the nations to take action immediately.
联合国呼吁所有国家立即采取行动。
The local government has taken measures to improve air quality.
当地政府已采取措施改善空气质量。
take measures to do sth
We should take steps to protect those endangered species.
我们应该采取措施保护那些濒危物种。
take steps to do sth
单句语法填空
①Proper action must be 　　　　 (take) to limit the number of tourists.
②Doctors can take this information and help patients make changes to lifestyles,and hopefully take steps 　　 　　(improve) their biological conditions.
语境运用
taken
to improve
一句多译
该行业的领导者必须采取措施,促使所有人获得平等的机会。
③The profession’s leaders must 　　　　　　　　　　　　　promote equal opportunities for all.
④The profession’s leaders must 　　　　　　　　 promote equal opportunities for all.
take action/measures/steps to
act to
5.It is by acting together,in this exciting way,that we can involve thousands—millions—of people,and this is what is going to change the world.
正是通过这种令人激动的方式共同行动起来,我们可以让成百上千、甚至千百万人参与其中,这将改变世界。
◆involve vt.参与;包含
归 纳 拓 展
(1)involve doing sth 包括/需要/涉及做某事
involve sb in(doing)sth 使某人参与(做)某事;把某人卷入某事中
(2)involved adj.卷入的;参与的;与……有密切关联的;包含的;涉及的
be/get involved in 参与;卷入;与……有关联
(3)involvement n.参与;介入;卷入
Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which involves spending quite a lot of time with students.
米歇尔找到了一份高中教师的工作,这份工作需要花很多时间和学生们待在一起。
We should involve ourselves in community activities to make a difference.
我们应该参与社区活动,以做出贡献。
involve sb in(doing)sth 使某人参与(做)某事;把某人卷入某事中
involve doing sth 包括/需要/涉及做某事
(应用文写作之倡议书)We all need to get involved in saving energy whether it’s at work,at home,or at school.
无论是在工作中、家庭里还是学校内,我们都需要参与节约能源。
be/get involved in 参与;卷入;与……有关联
单句语法填空
①The students got 　　　 　 in organising the school festival,and their active 　　 　　 in the planning and decision-making process made the festival a very successful event.They all said 　　 　　 themselves in the activity never failed to be a great experience.(involve)
语境运用
involved
involvement
involving
完成句子
②Students should 　　　　　　　 　　　 (参与) community activities where they can gain experience for growth.
③Whatever you do,don’t be a bystander.　　　　　 　　　(参与进来).
involve themselves in/get involved in
Get involved
6.Ms Yi had a contented life until a terrible event occurred which changed her life.
易女士生活如意,直到一件可怕的事情发生并改变了她的生活。
(1)contented adj.满意的;满足的
归 纳 拓 展
content n.内容;(pl.)目录;所容纳之物;所含之物 adj.满足的;满意的 vt.使满足;使满意
be content with 对……感到满意/满足
be content to do sth 满足于/愿意做某事
The lady looked at me with a contented smile.
那位女士带着满意的微笑看着我。
She hadn’t read the book and didn’t know its content.
她没有读过那本书,所以对其内容一无所知。
Don’t be content with such small success.
不要满足于这样小的成功。
be content with 对……感到满意/满足
温馨提示
①content用作名词时多表示“内容”,复数形式contents可表示“目录;所容纳之物;所含之物”。
②contented和content都可以用作形容词表示“满意的;满足的”,content往往用作表语,而contented既可作定语又可作表语。
一词多义
①It is my habit to read the contents of a book first.　　　　　　　
②He doesn’t want more;he is content with what he has.　　　　　　　
③Fire has caused serious damage to the contents of the building.
　　　　 　　　
④The content of the course depends on what the students would like to learn.　　　　　　　
语境运用
目录
满意的;满足的
所容纳之物;所含之物
内容
单句语法填空
⑤A 　 　　　(content) mind is the greatest blessing a man can enjoy in this world.
⑥That rich man is tired of city life,so he is content 　　　 　 (live) in the country.
contented
to live
归 纳 拓 展
(1)sth occurs to sb 某人突然想到某事
It occurs to sb that... 某人突然想到……
It occurs to sb to do sth 某人突然想到做某事
(2)occurrence n.发生的事情;发生
(2)occur vi.发生;出现
A serious accident occurred on the highway last night.
昨晚高速公路上发生了一起严重的事故。
A wonderful writing topic occurred to the writer all at once while he was taking a walk in the park.
这位作家在公园散步时,一个绝妙的写作主题突然出现在他的脑海里。
sth occurs to sb 某人突然想到某事
It occurred to me that I had left my keys at the office when I was about to open the door.
当我正要开门时,我突然想到我把钥匙落在办公室了。
It occurs to sb that... 某人突然想到……
温馨提示
①occur的过去式和过去分词均为occurred,现在分词为occurring。
②occur没有被动语态,不用于进行时。occur作谓语时,主语不能为人。
③“某人突然想到”的其他表达:
sth comes to/strikes/hits sb 某人突然想到某事
It comes to/strikes/hits sb that... 某人突然想到……
单句语法填空
①A wonderful thought occurred 　　　　 her that she could hold a party for her mother’s birthday.
②It occurred to her 　　　 　(send) an email to her friend to share the good news.
③What he describes is more a made-up story than a real 　 　 　　(occur).
语境运用
to
to send
occurrence
完成句子
④(读后续写之环境描写)那天晚上一场可怕的暴风雨来袭,狂风怒吼,大雨倾盆而下。
That night 　 , with the wild wind howling and the rain pouring down.
a terrible storm occurred
7.The local government agreed with her proposal to plant one million trees in the region over ten years.
当地政府同意了她的提议,十年内在该地区种植一百万棵树。
◆proposal n.建议,提议
归 纳 拓 展
(1)make a proposal 提出建议
(2)propose v.提议,建议;打算
propose doing sth 建议做某事
propose that...(should)do sth
提议……(应该)做某事
This proposal is hardly worth of serious consideration.
这个提议几乎不值得认真考虑。
The report also proposes expanding the airport.
那份报告还提议扩建机场。
He proposed that we (should) have another meeting.
他建议我们(应该)再开一次会。
propose doing sth 建议做某事
propose that...(should)do sth
提议……(应该)做某事
单句语法填空
①Actually,the 　　　　 (propose) made by the teacher is quite reasonable.
②He proposed 　　　 　(send) a few members to help the people in that region.
③I propose that we 　　 　 　(recycle) paper to protect forests.
语境运用
proposal
sending
(should) recycle
8.Now the trees have a survival rate of 85%.
如今这些树木的存活率是85%。
◆survival n.继续生存,幸存
归 纳 拓 展
(1)survive v.生存;存活;幸免;幸存;艰难度过;比……活得长
survive on 靠……存活下来
survive sth 幸免于;从……中存活下来
A survive B (by+时间) A比B活得长(多长时间)
(2)survivor n.幸存者,生还者
An animal’s sense of smell is still crucial to its survival.
动物的嗅觉对其生存仍然至关重要。
Some plants can survive in extremely dry conditions.
有些植物能在极其干燥的条件下生存。
(话题写作之景点介绍)The Xi’an City Wall is the most complete ancient city wall that has survived China’s long history.
西安城墙是中国漫长历史中保存最完整的古城墙。
单句语法填空
①The traveller in the lonely island survived 　　　　 the fish caught in the sea.
②The old lady has survived all her sisters and brothers 　　　　 ten years.
语境运用
on
by
完成句子
③上星期汤姆在那场严重的车祸中幸存了下来。他是事故中唯一的幸存者。他很幸运有生存的机会。
Tom 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 last week.He was　　　　　　　 of the accident.He was lucky to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
survived the terrible car crash
the only survivor
have a chance of survival
9.She has made a huge difference with her determination to make her son’s dreams a reality.
她决心让儿子的梦想成为现实,这给她带来了巨大的影响。
(1)make a difference 起作用,产生影响
归 纳 拓 展
make a big/great difference to 对……有很大的影响/作用
make some difference to 对……有些影响/作用
make no difference to 对……没有影响/不起作用
“Just five more minutes outdoors can make a difference,”David Bond says.
大卫·邦德说:“只要在户外多待五分钟,就会起作用。”
Flowers make some difference to a room.
花对房间有一定的影响。
make some difference to 对……有些影响/作用
Whether he is here or not will make no difference to our work.
他在不在这儿对我们的工作没有影响。
make no difference to 对……没有影响/不起作用
单句语法填空
①As a result,the sea air has made a difference 　　　　 her health.
②Eating a balanced diet can really make a 　　　 　 (different).
完成句子
③无论她说什么都不会对我们的安排有任何影响。
Whatever she says will not 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 our arrangements.
语境运用
to
difference
make any difference to
归 纳 拓 展
(1)with determination 坚决地;下定决心地
(2)determine vt.决定;确定;下决心;查明
determine to do sth 决定做某事
determine on/upon (doing) sth 决定(做)某事
(3)determined adj.有决心的;坚定的;坚决的
be determined to do sth 决心做某事
(2)determination n.决心;毅力
Determined to improve his painting skills,he spent several hours practising in the studio every day.
他决心提高自己的绘画技巧,每天都会花几个小时在画室里练习。
He was determined to build a new life out of the ruins of his career.
他决心从事业失败中爬起来,重新开始新的生活。
be determined to do sth 决心做某事
Through hard work and determination,the team completed the task on time,despite the complexity of the project.
凭借努力和决心,尽管项目复杂,这个团队仍按时完成了任务。
(2025·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are —but what they do know has raised concerns.
科学家们仍在努力确定微塑料的危害程度,但他们目前所掌握的情况已经引发担忧。
单句语法填空
①They determined 　　　　(finish) the project ahead of schedule despite the difficulties.
②She has determined 　　　　 learning a new language during her summer vacation.
③The 　　 　　(determine) expression on his face showed that he was ready to face any challenge.
语境运用
to finish
on/upon
determined
完成句子
④(话题写作之人物介绍)桑德拉决心成为一名医生,并且她的坚持不懈得到了回报。
Sandra 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and her persistence paid off.
⑤(读后续写之主旨升华)正是那种勇气和决心使他成为这样一个非凡的人物。
It’s 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　 that makes him such a remarkable character.
was determined to become a doctor
that kind of courage and determination
重点句式
1.We are using resources as if we had two planets,not one.
我们用起资源来就好像我们有两个而不是一个星球似的。
as if/though意为“似乎,好像”,引导方式状语从句和表语从句。
归纳拓展
It looks as if it is going to snow.
天看上去好像要下雪了。
Young as he is, he argues as if he were an experienced lawyer.
尽管他很年轻,但辩论起来他却好像一位经验丰富的律师。
The injured man acted as if nothing had happened to him.
那个受伤的男子表现得好像什么事都没发生过。
句型转换
①The teacher walked here and there on the playground as if he was looking for something.
→The teacher walked here and there on the playground as if
something.
②The old man looks as if he were twenty years younger.
→The old man looks as if 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
语境运用
looking for
twenty years younger
完成句子
③(读后续写之动作描写)当我转向安妮时,她却无奈地耸了耸肩,好像对此她什么都不知道。
When I turned to Anne,she shrugged helplessly 　　　　　　　　 anything about it.
④他说起话来就好像他以前去过这个迷人的地区。
He talked as if he 　　　　　　　　　　　　the attractive region before.
as if she didn’t know
had visited
2.Well,say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth,leave a light on when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.
比方说你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流,外出的时候不关灯,或者掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。
leave+宾语+宾语补足语,表示“让……处于某种状态”。宾语补足语可以是现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词或介词短语。
Don’t leave me waiting outside for too long.
别让我在外面等太久。
The bad weather left the project half finished.
糟糕的天气使工程只完成了一半。
What has left him away for so long
是什么让他离开了这么长时间
He hurried home,leaving his keys in the office.
他匆忙赶回家,把钥匙忘在了办公室。
单句语法填空
①Don’t leave him 　　　 　 (wonder) what happened;please explain to him.
②He was so tense that he left his house hurriedly,leaving his breakfast
　　　 　(touch).
语境运用
wondering
untouched
完成句子
③听到这个消息,他冲出了公寓,门也没关。
Hearing the news,he rushed out of the flat,　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
leaving the door open
3.You know that all those things are wrong,but so what
你知道这些都是不对的,但那又怎么样
◆...so what ……那又怎么样
归纳拓展
I know Sally is your best friend.So what
我知道萨莉是你最好的朋友。那又怎么样
What if we go and see a film tomorrow night
我们明晚去看一场电影怎么样
What about going to Singapore for our holiday this year
今年我们去新加坡度假怎么样
单句语法填空
①What’s 　　　　 with him He looks anxious.
完成句子
②——玛丽,请给我拿张纸来。
——为什么
—Please fetch me a piece of paper,Mary.
—　　　　　 　　　
语境运用
up
What for
③——他不喜欢你。
——那又怎么样
—He doesn’t like you.
—　　　　　　　　
④倘若他生气该怎么办
　　　　　　　　 he gets angry
So what
What if
长难句分析
The whole purpose of Roots & Shoots is to educate young people,from
pre-schoolers to university students,so they can help to build a future that is secure and live together in peace with nature.
“根与芽”的目的是教育年轻人,从学龄前儿童到大学生,使他们能够为创造一个安全的、与自然和平共处的未来而贡献力量。
句中to educate young people 作表语,that 引导定语从句,修饰a future。
单句情境写作
①这项活动的目的就是激励更多的年轻人成为志愿者。
The purpose of this activity is 　 .
②他的梦想之一就是成为一个像林巧稚那样伟大的人。
One of his dreams is 　　　 　　　　　like Lin Qiaozhi.
语境运用
to inspire more young people to be volunteers
to become a great person
进阶提升·写作微练
观点态度描述之环境保护
常用词汇
课文词汇
1.So what 那又怎么样 /那又如何呢
2.matter v.重要,起作用
3.very harmful 非常有害的
4.help to build a future that is secure 帮助建立一个安全的未来
5.have a role to play 扮演角色;发挥作用
6.make a difference 起作用,产生影响
补充词汇
7.as far as I am concerned/in my view/from my point of view/in my opinion在我看来
8.personally speaking就个人而言
9.I believe/think/reckon我认为
10.when it comes to 当谈到/说到……
11.be for/against支持/反对
12.to be frank/to tell the truth 坦率地说,说实话
常用句型
课文原句
1.You know that all those things are wrong,but so what
你知道这些都是不对的,但那又怎么样
2.There are millions of people in the world and I’m just me.
世界上有数百万人,我不过是我自己。
3.How can it matter if I leave one little tap running,one little light on or leave a little piece of litter on the road
如果我不关一个小小的水龙头,一盏小小的灯或在路上掉了一小块垃圾,这会有什么问题
4.Every individual matters.Every individual has a role to play.Every individual makes a difference.
每一个个体都很重要。每一个个体都有自己的角色。每一个个体都能有所作为。
其他表达
5.To tell the truth,I can’t quite agree with what you said.
说实话,我不大同意你说的话。
6.From my point of view,protecting the environment is protecting ourselves.
在我看来,保护环境就是保护我们自己。
微写作训练
1.在我看来,没有什么比一个健康的环境更重要。只有当环境健康时,我们才能更健康。
,nothing is more important than a healthy environment.
Only when the environment is healthy 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
As far as I am concerned/In my view/From my point of view/In my opinion
can we be healthier
2.就个人而言,是人类活动造成了环境问题。因此,我们应该尽自己的一份力量来保护环境。
　　　　　 　　　,it is human activities that
　　　　　　.Therefore,we should do our part to protect the environment.
3.说到环境保护,我认为个体也可以发挥很大的作用。
　　　　　　　　　　　　environmental protection,I think individuals can also 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
Personally speaking
cause environmental
problems
When it comes to
make a big difference
课文二次开发利用
课文语法填空
If you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth,leave a light on when you go out or drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up,
you are 1.　　　　 (probable) suffering from what is known as “Just-me-ism”.You might think it is no big deal.“How can 2.　　　　 matter if I leave a little piece of litter on the road ” But what if millions of people think the same Then our world would be piled with litter and run short of natural resources at the same time.See “Just-me-ism” is 3.　　　 　 (harm)!
probably
it
harmful
　　4.　　 　　(inspire) young people to take action for the environment,
animals and their community,Roots & Shoots 5.　　　 　 (establish)in the early 1990s by Dr. Jane Goodall.In addition to her research,she has been committed 6.　　　 　 environmental protection.The whole purpose of Roots & Shoots is to educate young people so they can help to build a future 7.　　 　　 is secure and live together in peace with nature.
To inspire
was established
to
that/which
　　Dr. Jane Goodall is convinced that:“Every individual matters.Every individual has 8.　　　　 role to play.Every individual makes a difference.” So her institute Roots & Shoots is all about 9.　　 　　 (educate) people to play 10.　　　　 (they) part in making the world a better place.And you cannot be absent.
a
educating
their
语法专项指导
动词-ing和-ed形式
语法原句再现
①Leave the tap running while you brush your teeth.
②But just think of all the millions of people saying to themselves:“It doesn’t matter.It’s just me.And,anyway,no one knows.”
③One cheered-up person,one happy dog,one flowering plant,and you.
④Do you want to make Roots & Shoots rooted in everyone’s heart
⑤Do you want to be a part of a community for a shared future
以上句子中使用了动词-ing或动词-ed形式,它们在句中起到了什么作用呢
语法知识点拨
语法梳理
一、动词-ing 形式
1.作主语
①表示习惯性、经常性的动作。
Collecting information is very important to a businessman.
对于一个商人来说,收集信息是非常重要的。
Writing English novels is really great fun for him.
写英文小说对他来说真的很有趣。
②有时用it作形式主语。
用it 作形式主语代替动词-ing形式,常出现在It is no use/good/fun doing sth,It is useful/useless doing sth,It’s a waste of time doing sth等几种句式中。
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
覆水难收。
2.作宾语
有些动词或介词后常接动词-ing形式作宾语(but和except作“除……以外”讲时,后接不定式)。
常见的接动词-ing 形式作宾语的动词有:
mind (介意),suggest(建议),enjoy(欣赏),admit(承认),appreciate(感激,欣赏),
avoid(避免),delay (推迟),escape(逃脱),finish(完成),forgive(原谅),imagine
(想象),keep (保持),miss (错过),practise (练习),resist(抵抗,抵制),risk(冒险),
deny (拒绝,否认),consider (考虑)等。这些动词之后只能用动词-ing形式作宾语,不能用不定式。
I suggest doing it in a different way.
我建议用另一种方法做这件事。
He finally admitted having made such a mistake.
他终于承认犯过这样一个错误。
3.作表语
①动词-ing形式(短语),表示抽象的、一般性的行为或动作,用来说明主语的内容,与主语通常是同一概念,表语和主语常可互换位置。
One of his weaknesses is telling lies.
=Telling lies is one of his weaknesses.
他的缺点之一是说谎。
②动词-ing形式作表语,表示主语的某种特征和性质,这类分词通常可以看作形容词。
The report is very disturbing.
这个报告令人感到非常不安。
4.作定语
①动词-ing形式(短语)作定语时,表示被修饰词的属性、作用或用途,作
“供……用”讲,相当于介词“for+动词-ing形式”短语,常放在被修饰词前。
a swimming pool=a pool for swimming一个游泳池
a reading room=a room for reading一间阅览室
②动词-ing形式(短语)作定语时,相当于一个定语从句,表示被修饰词的动作或状态,被修饰词与动词-ing形式之间是主动关系。
单个的动词-ing形式作定语时,放在被修饰词前;动词-ing形式短语作定语时,则放在被修饰词后。
a sleeping baby=a baby who is sleeping 一个正在睡觉的婴儿
The boy standing by the window is my classmate.
=The boy who is standing by the window is my classmate.
站在窗户旁边的那个男孩是我的同班同学。
5.作宾语补足语
动词-ing 形式作宾语补足语时,与宾语之间是主动关系。主要用于以下两类动词(词组)后作宾语补足语:
①位于感官动词后
如see、hear、feel、smell、watch、catch (当场发现)、find、listen to、look at、notice、observe等。
I noticed a kind boy helping a nervous old lady cross the busy street.
我注意到一个善良的男孩在帮助一个紧张的老太太穿过繁忙的街道。
②位于使役动词后
如keep、have、get、leave 等。
His words got us thinking.
他的话使我们思索起来。
We shouldn’t keep our lights burning in the day.
我们不应该在白天开着灯。
6.作状语
动词-ing 形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随等。
①动词-ing形式(短语)作时间状语,相当于一个时间状语从句,有时可在其前面加上when 或while。
Walking down the street,I came across David.
=When I was walking down the street,I came across David.
沿街走时,我偶然遇到了大卫。
②动词-ing形式(短语)作原因状语,相当于一个原因状语从句。
Not knowing her address,I had to telephone her to come over.
=Because I didn’t know her address,I had to telephone her to come over.
由于不知道她的地址,我不得不打电话让她过来。
③动词-ing形式(短语)作条件状语,相当于一个条件状语从句。
Going straight down the road,you will find the canteen.
=If you go straight down the road,you will find the canteen.
沿着这条路一直走,你就会找到食堂。
④动词-ing形式(短语)作让步状语,相当于一个让步状语从句,有时动词
-ing形式(短语)前可带有连词(词组)although、even if、even though 等。
Knowing all of this,I still want to see it by myself.
=Although I know all of this,I still want to see it by myself.
尽管知道一切情况,我还是想亲自看一看。
⑤动词-ing形式(短语)作结果状语表示必然的结果,通常放在句末,可转换成一个含有并列谓语的简单句。
The glass fell off the table,breaking into pieces.
=The glass fell off the table and broke into pieces.
玻璃杯从桌子上掉了下来,摔成了碎片。
⑥动词-ing形式(短语)作伴随状语,说明谓语动词所表示的动作发生的背景或情况,动词-ing形式的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生,作伴随状语时可以转换成并列成分。
Morris lay on the grass,feeling depressed about this whole situation.
=Morris lay on the grass and felt depressed about this whole situation.
莫里斯躺在草地上,对整个形势感到沮丧。
温馨提示
动词-ing形式作状语时,其逻辑主语必须与主句的主语一致。
Carrying a large and heavy box,she tripped on a step and fell.(√)
Carrying a large and heavy box,her foot tripped on a step and fell.(×)
她提着一个又大又重的箱子,在台阶上绊了一跤,摔倒了。
7.动词-ing形式(短语)构成的独立主格结构
①名词/代词+动词-ing形式(短语)
有时动词-ing形式(短语)的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致,这时需要在动词-ing形式之前加上一个逻辑主语(一般由名词或代词充当),它是动作的执行者,表示主动含义。这种结构作状语,可表示时间、条件、原因、伴随等。
Weather permitting,I will go to buy leather shoes.
如果天气允许的话,我就去买皮鞋。
②there+being 结构
这种结构多放在句首,常表示原因,其中being不可省略。
There being no bus,we had to walk home.
因为没有公共汽车了,所以我们只好步行回家。
单句语法填空
①There’s a note pinned to the door 　　　　 (say) when the shop will open again.
②The result of the football match was so 　　 　　 (disappoint) that some fans couldn’t help crying.
③When I was on my way to school this morning,I saw two women
　　 　　(argue).
④Not 　　　　(know) the city well,I got lost on the way back to the hotel.
⑤The naughty boy was lucky to avoid 　　 　　(punish).
对点小练
saying
disappointing
arguing
knowing
being punished
二、动词-ed形式
动词-ed形式在句中可作形容词或副词,作形容词时可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语。
1.作定语
动词-ed形式作定语表示被动或完成,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的中心词。
①如果作定语的动词-ed形式是单个词,一般放在名词的前面。
Polluted air and water are harmful to people’s health.
被污染的空气和水对人们的健康是有害的。
When he walked into the yard,he saw the fallen leaves all over the ground.
他走进院子时,看到了满地的落叶。
②如果是动词-ed形式短语,要放在名词的后面,相当于一个含有被动语态的定语从句。
The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
=The first textbooks that were written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
为英语外语教学编写的第一套教科书出版于16世纪。
③表示情感的动词-ed形式作定语
The excited football fans are singing in loud voices.
那些兴奋的足球球迷们在高声唱歌。
④已完全形容词化的动词-ed形式作定语
有些动词-ed形式已完全形容词化,因此作前置定语时,其含义与同形的作后置定语的动词-ed形式不完全相同。
I’m going to buy some used books tomorrow.
明天我要去买一些旧书。(旧的)
The books used are still new now.
用过的书现在仍然很新。(用过的)
2.作表语
①动词-ed形式作表语,说明主语所处的状态。
The days are gone when we Chinese were looked down upon.
我们中国人被瞧不起的日子一去不复返了。
②表示情感的动词-ed形式作表语
常见的表示情感的动词-ed形式有disappointed (失望的),astonished(震惊的),
excited(激动的),interested(感兴趣的),frightened(害怕的),moved(感动的),
pleased(高兴的),puzzled(困惑的),satisfied(满足的),surprised(惊讶的),
touched(感动的),worried(担忧的)等。这类词都有“被怎样了”的意义,表示主语的状态,主语一般是人。
I was very surprised at the news.
我对这个消息感到非常吃惊。
3.作宾语补足语
动词-ed形式作宾语补足语时,它前面的宾语就是它的逻辑主语;如果将含有宾语补足语的主动句改为被动句,宾语补足语则变成了主语补足语。
①位于感官动词(词组)后作宾语补足语或主语补足语,这类动词(词组)有find、feel、hear、listen to、look at、notice、observe、see、smell、watch等。
We found the door locked.
我们发现门锁上了。(宾语补足语)
The door was found locked.
门被发现锁上了。(主语补足语)
②位于使役动词后作宾语补足语或主语补足语,这类动词有catch、get、have、make、start、keep等。
The speaker raised his voice,but still couldn’t make himself heard.
那个演讲者提高了嗓门,但人们还是听不见他说什么。
③have/get sth done 的不同含义
a.表示“让别人(为自己)做某事”
He’s going to have/get his house repaired.
他要找人修房子。
b.表示“完成某事”,可以是别人完成,也可以是自己参与完成。
In that year he had/got ten thousand yuan saved.
那一年他攒了一万元。
c.表示“遭遇某事”,常指不幸之事。
She had/got her house damaged in the storm.
她的房屋在暴风雨中毁坏了。
4.作状语
动词-ed形式作状语时,用来进一步说明谓语动词的动作或状态,其逻辑主语通常与句子的主语一致,即句子的主语就是动词-ed形式这一动作的承受者。在意义上可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随等,这时它相当于一个状语从句。它的位置比较灵活,可以置于句首、句中或句尾,有时用逗号分开,有时也不用。用作时间、原因、条件状语时,通常位于句首;用作方式、结果、伴随状语时,通常位于句末。
Heated(=When it is heated),the metal expands.
金属受热会膨胀。
Lost in thought(=Because he was lost in thought),he almost ran into the car in front of him.
由于陷入了沉思,他险些撞到他前面的汽车上。
Given another chance(=If I am given another chance),I will do it better.
如果再给我一次机会,我会做得更好。
Wounded(=Though he was wounded),the brave soldier continued to fight.
虽然受伤了,那个勇敢的士兵仍然继续战斗。
单句语法填空
①Tsinghua University,　　　　 (found) in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
②We got 　　　　(stick) in a traffic jam and therefore,we didn’t arrive there on schedule.
③I’m sorry I’ve left some of your questions 　　　 　 (answer).
对点小练
founded
stuck
unanswered　
④Greatly 　　　　 (inspire) by the achievements of our country,we are determined to study hard to serve it in the future.
⑤Miss Lin stood in the middle of the office,　　 　　(surround) by some students.
inspired
surrounded
1.(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Shanghai may be the 　　 　　 (recognize) home of the soup dumplings...
真题赏析
答案及剖析:
1.recognized　考查非谓语动词。空处在名词home前面作定语,recognize与home之间是被动关系,需填动词-ed形式recognized,意为“被公认的”。故填recognized。
recognized
2.(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)No matter where I buy them,one steamer is rarely enough,yet two seems greedy,so I am always left 　　　　 (want) more next time.
答案及剖析:
2.wanting　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”,本句是被动语态,want是主语补足语,根据句意可知,I与want之间是主动关系,应用动词-ing形式。故填wanting。
wanting
3.(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 　　　 　 (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas,which are on loan from China.
答案及剖析:
3.visiting　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处作前置定语,修饰空后的 Chinese zookeepers,visit与Chinese zookeepers之间是主动关系,应用动词-ing形式,表示“来访的中国动物园管理员”。故填visiting。
visiting
4.(2023·全国甲卷)“There was once a town in the heart of America,where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins,　　　 　 (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables.
答案及剖析:
4.borrowing　考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词begins,所以空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系,所以应用动词-ing形式作状语。故填borrowing。
borrowing
5.(2023·全国甲卷)Behind the simple style,however,is a serious message
　　　 　 (intend) for everyone.
答案及剖析:
5.intended　考查非谓语动词。be intended for意为“打算为……所用”,在句中作定语,所以应用动词-ed形式。故填intended。
intended
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.　　　 　 (frighten) by the big dog,the little girl began to cry.
2.The volunteers pay a regular visit to the 　　 　　 (retire) teachers.
3.There 　　　　 (be) Sunday,many people go to the gymnasium to do physical exercise.
4.The old man,　　　 　 (work) abroad for twenty years,is on the way back to his motherland.
Frightened
语法专项训练
retired
being
having worked
5.Like ancient sailors,birds can find their way 　　　　 (use) the sun and the stars.
6.There are many boys 　　　　 (play) football on the playground.
7. 　　　　 (see) from the hill,the town looks more beautiful.
8. 　　　　 (turn) left at the second crossing,you will see a nice park.
9.When I got there,I saw the scientist 　　　 　 (surround) by some students.
10.In their spare time,they are 　　　 　 (interest) in planting vegetables in their garden.
using
playing
Seen
Turning
surrounded
interested
Ⅱ.用动词-ed形式或动词-ing形式改写下列句子
1.The sun shines brightly in the sky,and gives us light and heat.
→The sun shines brightly in the sky,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
2.Although he worked from morning till night,he didn’t get enough food.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,he didn’t get enough food.
3.As he was absorbed in painting,John didn’t notice evening approaching.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　,John didn’t notice evening approaching.
giving us light and heat
Working from morning till night
Absorbed in painting
4.Will the people who are sitting at the back keep quiet,please
→Will the people 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 keep quiet,please
5.The witness who was questioned by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight.
→The witness 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　gave very different descriptions of the fight.
sitting at the back
questioned by the police just now(共15张PPT)
　
单元知识回顾
Ⅰ.重点词汇
1.balance n.平衡;均衡 v.(使)保持平衡;权衡
(1) (one’s) balance 保持/失去平衡
keep a balance between A B 保持A和B之间的平衡
(2)balance A B 权衡/比较A和B
(3) adj.保持平衡的;均衡的
keep/lose
and
against
balanced
2.bother vi.& vt.费心,麻烦 n.麻烦,不便;令人烦恼的情况(或事物、人)
(1)bother sb sth 为某事打扰/麻烦某人
It bothers sb that... 使某人苦恼的是
be bothered to do sth 懒得做某事
(2)have bother ( ) doing sth 费劲做某事
with/about
can’t
in
3.contented adj.满意的;满足的
content n.内容;(pl.)目录;所容纳之物;所含之物 adj.满足的;满意的 vt.使满足;使满意
be content 对……感到满意/满足
be content sth 满足于/愿意做某事
with
to do
4.occur vi.发生;出现
sth occurs sb 某人突然想到某事
It occurs to sb ... 某人突然想到……
It occurs to sb sth 某人突然想到做某事
to
that
to do
5.determination n.决心;毅力
(1) determination 坚决地;下定决心地
(2)determine vt.决定;确定;下决心;查明
determine sth 决定做某事
determine (doing) sth 决定(做)某事
(3) adj.有决心的;坚定的;坚决的
be determined to do sth 决心做某事
with
to do
on/upon
determined
6.come up with 想出,想到;提出(计划、想法等)
come 发生
come 来吧;赶快;开始
come 出版;出来;暴露;结果是
come (偶然)遇见;发现;给人以……印象
come 苏醒;总计;达到
come (主意)被想出
come 康复
about
on
out
across
to
to
through
7.attitude n.看法;态度
(1)attitude 对……的看法/态度
have/take positive attitude 对……有积极的态度
(2) n.高度;海拔
towards/to
a
towards/to
altitude
8.majority n.大多数
(1)the/a majority 大多数
the/a majority 占多数
(2) the/a minority 占少数
(3)major adj.主要的 n.主修科目,专业;(某专业的)主修学生 v.主修
major 主修,专攻
of
in
in
in
9.end up (尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于,到头来;结束
end up sth 以做某事告终
end up 以……结束
end up 最终成为……
doing
with/in
as
10.contribute to 导致,造成;有助于;捐献
(1)contribute... ...把……捐献给/贡献给……;向……投稿
(2) n.贡献;捐助
make a contribution/contributions to... 对……作出贡献
to
contribution
Ⅱ.重点句式
1.as if/though意为“似乎,好像”,引导方式状语从句和表语从句。
这只猫盯着我,似乎能听懂我的话。
The cat stared at me as if .
2.leave+宾语+宾语补足语,表示“让……处于某种状态”。
他们让她在外面等着。
They left her .
it could understand my words
waiting outside
3.as+adj./adv.+as 跟……一样
你的钢笔书写起来跟我的一样流畅。
Your pen writes mine.
4.when it comes to... 当谈及/涉及……时
说到做家务,他总是在抱怨。
,he is always complaining.
as smoothly as
When it comes to doing housework
Ⅲ.单元语法
动词的-ing和-ed形式
1.动词-ing形式在句子中可以作 、 、 、 、
和 。
2.动词-ed形式在句子中可以作 、 、 和 。
3.动词-ing形式作定语表示与被修饰词之间是 关系;动词-ed形式作定语表示与被修饰词之间是 关系。
主语
宾语
表语
定语
宾语补足语
状语
定语
表语
宾语补足语
状语
主动
被动(共64张PPT)
　
Part 3
READING CLUB 1,READING CLUB 2,
CHECK YOUR PROGRESS
自主预习·课前清障
基础识记
1.landfill　　　 　 n.
2.clean-burning adj.
3.waste-to-energy adj.
4.footwear n.
5.near-surface adj.
6.build-up n.
7.pollutant n.
8.overflow vi.& vt.
阅读单词
废弃物填埋场
清洁焚烧的
以垃圾作为能源的
鞋类
近地表的
增长;加强
污染物
满是,有许多;泛滥
1.annually adv.每年;一年一度地→ adj.年度的,每年的
2.flooding n.水灾,洪水泛滥→ n.洪水,洪灾 v.淹没
运用单词
annual
flood
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1. 　　树立一个好的榜样
2. (尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于,到头来;结束
3. 变成
4. 结果,因此
5. 许多,大量
set a great example
end up
turn into
as a result
a huge amount of
6. 导致,造成
7. 处理
8. 充分利用;尽力而为;妥善处理
9. 以巨大的代价
10. 导致,造成;有助于;捐献
11. 上升了……
lead to
deal with
make the best of
at a huge cost
contribute to
rise by
12. 大范围的;各种各样的
13. 由于,因为
14. 被用来做……
15. 领先;带路
16. 除……之外,此外
17. 为……负责,承担责任
a wide range of
due to
be used for
lead the way
apart from
take responsibility for
重点句型
1.在欧洲,瑞典在循环利用方面树立了一个很好的榜样。
In Europe,Sweden is setting a great example .
2.他们也为其他人树立了一个很好的榜样,告诉他们如何在糟糕的情况下做到最好。
They’re also setting a great example for others about a bad situation.
when it comes to recycling
how to make the best of
3.在香港,据预测在未来的十年内,三个现有的垃圾填埋场将被填满。
In Hong Kong, the three existing landfills will be full within the next decade.
it is predicted that
4.他们认为,虽然回收垃圾是有效的,但解决垃圾填埋场溢出问题的最有效的方法是鼓励人们承担责任,减少自己产生的垃圾。
,although recycling waste is effective,the most effective way of solving the problem of overflowing landfills is
for reducing the waste they produce themselves.
They believe that
to encourage people to
take responsibility
学习理解·语篇解构
多维解读·深度剖析
■
■
READING CLUB 1
【答案】 1.Solution
2.turned into
3.ends up
4.Europe
5.tackling
6.other environmental issues
7.recycling the waste
READING CLUB 2
【答案】 1.environmental
2.activities
3.annually
4.public transport
5.pollutants
6.sea levels
7.waste
8.water supply
精研细读·深层理解
■
■
1.What attitude does the writer have towards the import of the waste in Sweden Why
Positive.Because the writer says everybody wins in this situation—importing the waste is good business for Sweden and less waste for landfills in the rest of Europe.
2.What does the writer mean by saying “Where most people see a problem,
a few clever individuals have seen opportunities.”
The waste is a problem,but some clever people have managed to come up with solutions that create good results.
3.What are the possible solutions to these environmental problems
Some possible solutions to these environmental problems are using public transport instead of driving,recycling our waste and reducing the amount of waste we produce.
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
1.Even though the nation produces around four and a half million tonnes of household waste each year,less than 1% of that waste ends up in landfills.
尽管这个国家每年产生大约450万吨生活垃圾,但只有不到1%的垃圾最终被
填埋。
◆end up (尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于,到头来;结束
归纳拓展
If you go on like this,you’ll end up in prison.
如果你继续这样,早晚得进监狱。
If you fool about with matches,you’ll end up getting burnt.
如果你摆弄火柴,最后可能烧到自己。
The party ended up with a poem.
聚会以一首诗结束了。
语境运用
单句语法填空
①In spite of the people’s opinions,he ended up 　　　　 the winner.
②If you don’t know what you want,you might end up 　　 　 (get) something you don’t want.
③If you stick to doing that,you will end up　　　　 trouble.
完成句子
④这个故事是怎么结尾的
How does the story 　　　　　　　　
as
getting
in
end up
2.They’re also setting a great example for others about how to make the best of a bad situation.
他们也为其他人树立了一个很好的榜样,告诉他们如何在糟糕的情况下做到
最好。
◆make the best of 充分利用;尽力而为;妥善处理
归纳拓展
Making the best of this close encounter,I took some pictures of the bear.
充分利用这次近距离接触的机会,我拍了一些熊的照片。
We have only a few hours so we must make the most of our time.
我们只有几个小时,所以我们必须充分利用我们的时间。
Ten minutes have been made full use of to settle the problem.
已经充分利用了十分钟的时间来解决这个问题。
单句语法填空
①Skilled readers make use 　　　　 context and prediction.
②It’s my first trip abroad so I’m going to make 　　　　 most of it.
完成句子
③我们做研究工作时应当充分利用互联网。
We should 　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　 the Internet when we do research work.
语境运用
of
the
make the best of/make the most of/make full use of
3.Other human activities,such as construction and the burning of waste,also contribute to air pollution.
其他人类活动,如建筑和焚烧垃圾,也会造成空气污染。
◆contribute to 导致,造成;有助于;捐献
归 纳 拓 展
(1)contribute...to... 把……捐献给/贡献给……;向……投稿(to是
介词)
(2)contribution n.贡献;捐助
make a contribution/contributions to... 对……作出贡献(to是介词)
Positive emotions not only contribute to our success,but contribute to our well-being.
积极的情绪不仅有助于我们的成功,还有助于我们的健康。
Would you like to contribute to our collection
你愿意给我们的募捐捐款吗
contribute...to... 把……捐献给/贡献给……;向……投稿(to是介词)
Different teachers make different contributions to a student’s growth.
不同的教师在学生的成长过程中起到不同的作用。
make a contribution/contributions to... 对……作出贡献(to是介词)
单句语法填空
①He made a voluntary 　　　 　 (contribute) to the cost of building a school so that those children could get an education.
②Mr Reed makes up his mind to contribute all he has to 　　　　 (set) up a library for the school.
③As far as I’m concerned,eating too much fat contributes 　　　　 his poor health.
语境运用
contribution
setting
to
完成句子
④我相信我们每一个人都能对世界的未来有所贡献。
I believe that each of us can 　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　 the future of the world.
contribute to/make a contribution to
4.Sea levels are rising due to the melting of polar ice sheets.
由于极地冰原的融化,海平面正在上升。
◆due to由于,因为
归 纳 拓 展
due adj.预期的;到期的;应给的,应付的
be due to do sth 预计做某事
be due to sb 应付给某人;归功于某人
(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Due to a big storm,my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half.
由于一场大风暴,我乘坐的航班延误了一个半小时。
(话题写作之活动安排)The activity is due to be held in the lecture hall at 9 a.m.next Saturday.
活动定于下个星期六上午9点在报告厅举行。
温馨提示
表示“由于,因为”的其他介词短语:owing to,thanks to,because of,as a result of,on account of
单句语法填空
①The new law is due 　 　　 (come) into effect next year,which will severely punish those who hunt wild animals illegally.
②The discovery of the new treatment is due 　　　 　 the dedicated researchers.
语境运用
to come
to
完成句子
③公司因为管理不善而遭受了巨大损失。
The company suffered great losses
　　　　　　　　　.
due to/owing to/as a result of poor
management
5.Apart from the three Rs(Reduce,Reuse and Recycle),some experts have begun advocating the fourth R—Responsibility.
除了三个R(减少、再利用和回收)外,一些专家已经开始提倡第四个R(责任)。
◆apart from 除……之外,此外
归 纳 拓 展
表示“除……之外”的单词和短语:
except/except for除了
besides/in addition to 除……之外(还)
(2023·全国甲卷)Apart from the knowledge and skills related to my major,
I’m really good with computers.
除了与我的专业相关的知识和技能外,我真的很擅长计算机。
I didn’t tell him anything except that I needed the money.
我什么都没告诉他,只是说我需要钱。
We can obtain different knowledge from many sources besides books.
除了书本之外,我们还可以从许多来源获得不同的知识。
单句语法填空
①Except 　　　　 the ending,it’s a really good film.
②In addition 　　　　 the usual aches and pains,she felt mentally stressed.
语境运用
for
to
同义句转换
③Besides Li Hua,eight other students are going to take part in the sports meeting to be held this Friday.
→　　　　　　　　　 　　　 Li Hua,eight other students are going to take part in the sports meeting to be held this Friday.
Apart from/In addition to
重点句式
In Europe,Sweden is setting a great example when it comes to recycling.
在欧洲,瑞典在循环利用方面树立了一个很好的榜样。
句中的when引导时间状语从句。when it comes to意为“当谈及/涉及……时”。
归纳拓展
When it comes to classical music,we first think of Beethoven or Mozart.
当谈到古典音乐时,我们首先想到的是贝多芬或者莫扎特。
Is this the small town that you often refer to
这就是你经常提到的那个小城镇吗
She didn’t speak of her husband at all.
她完全没谈到她丈夫。
单句语法填空
①When it comes to 　　 　　 (get) things done,he’s useless.
②　　　　 it comes to the point,he always changes his mind.
语境运用
getting
When
完成句子
③谈到环境污染问题,化工产业是一大祸害。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　,the chemical industry is a major offender.
④　　　　　　　　　　 　　 (关于) why this has to be so,no one has given an exact answer so far.
When it comes to pollution
As to/for/With regard to
长难句分析
1.In Hong Kong,it is predicted that the three existing landfills will be full within the next decade.
在香港,据预测在未来的十年内,三个现有的垃圾填埋场将被填满。
句中it is predicted that...表示“据预测……”,it是形式主语,that从句是真正的主语。
单句情境写作
①据预测,由于雨水充足,今年庄稼将长势很好。
　　　　　　　　　　 　　 the crops will grow well this year
　　　　 　 　　 the abundant rain.
②据预测,随着科学技术的发展,未来越来越多的人将居家办公。
　　　　　　　　　 　　 with the development of science and technology,
more and more people 　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
语境运用
It is predicted that
due to/because of
It is predicted that
will work at home in the future
2.They believe that,although recycling waste is effective,the most effective way of solving the problem of overflowing landfills is to encourage people to take responsibility for reducing the waste they produce themselves.
他们认为,虽然回收垃圾是有效的,但解决垃圾填埋场溢出问题的最有效的方法是鼓励人们承担责任,减少自己产生的垃圾。
句中that引导宾语从句,作believe的宾语,其中含有although引导的让步状语从句;they produce themselves是省略了that/which的定语从句,修饰先行词the waste。
单句情境写作
①我相信,虽然你现在有点落后,但只要你从现在开始专心学习,你一定能实现你制定的目标。
　　　　　　 　　,although you are a little behind at present,as long as you
　　　　　　 　　 your studies from now on,you will definitely achieve the goal 　 .
语境运用
I believe that
devote yourself to
you set
②我相信你会取得让父母满意的好成绩。
　　　　　　　　 you will get good grades
　 　　　.
I believe that
that/which make your parents
satisfied
进阶提升·写作微练
描写环境保护
常用词汇
课文词汇
1.waste management垃圾管理
2.a major global issue一个重大的全球性问题
3.recycle vi.& vt.再利用,回收利用
4.household waste生活垃圾
5.be turned into energy被转化为能源
6.waste-to-energy plants垃圾转化能源发电厂
7.three of the most serious environmental problems三个最严重的环境问题
8.the main cause of air pollution空气污染的主要原因
9.global warming全球变暖
10.overflowing landfills 漫溢的垃圾填埋场
11.use public transport乘坐公共交通工具
补充词汇
12.environmental protection环境保护
13.raise/promote the awareness of提高对……的认识/意识
14.limited energy有限的能源
15.in danger of extinction处在濒临灭绝的危险中
16.stop the use of plastic bags停止使用塑料袋
17.get everyone involved in doing sth让每个人都参与做某事
常用句型
课文原句
1.Waste management is a major global issue.
垃圾管理是一个重大的全球性问题。
2.If the waste is not disposed of properly,it can lead to disease,pollution and other environmental issues.
如果垃圾处理不当,它可能会导致疾病、污染和其他环境问题。
3.The main cause of air pollution is the burning of fossil fuels by vehicles and power plants.Other human activities,such as construction and the burning of waste,also contribute to air pollution.
空气污染的主要原因是汽车和发电厂燃烧化石燃料。其他人类活动,如建筑和焚烧垃圾,也会造成空气污染。
4.It’s caused by the build-up of carbon dioxide and other pollutants in the atmosphere.
它是由大气中二氧化碳和其他污染物的积累造成的。
5.Global warming has already caused a wide range of problems.
全球变暖已经造成了一系列的问题。
其他表达
6.We have the duty to ensure a sound environment for ourselves and our later generations.
我们有责任为我们自己和我们的后代确保一个良好的环境。
7.Some effective measures should be taken/put into effect immediately.
应立即实行一些有效措施。
8.I benefited a lot from this activity,which not only enriched our school life,
but also made me realise that protecting the environment is everyone’s responsibility.
这次活动让我受益匪浅,它不仅丰富了我们的学校生活,也让我意识到保护环境是每个人的责任。
微写作训练
1.保护环境是每个人的责任。不要把垃圾扔到地上。不要浪费水。购物时不要使用塑料袋。
It’s everyone’s duty to 　　　　　　　　　　　.Don’t 　　　 　　　 onto the ground.Don’t 　　　　　　.Stop 　　　　　　　　　　 for shopping.
protect the environment
throw rubbish
waste water
using plastic bags
2.随着经济的发展,越来越多的家庭可以买私家车,这带来了一系列的问题,如空气污染。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,more and more families can buy their own private cars,which brings a series of problems 　　　 　　　　　　.
With the development of economy
such as air pollution

展开更多......

收起↑