资源简介

(共162张PPT)
　语言能力运用
模块四　阅读理解
思维导图
考纲解读
达标要求 命题趋势 考情分析
1.能在规定的时间内阅 读完3篇短文。
2.能理解文章的基本结 构和文中具体信息，掌 握文章的中心大意，并 能进行一定的分析、推 理和判断。 1.阅读理解一共3篇，每 篇文章200词左右，生词 量占比不超过3％。
2.3篇文章体裁不同，通 常是记叙文、说明文、应 用文等，内容与学生学 习、生活及将来进入职场 有关。 1.考试内容：考查的内容 与学生学习、生活及将来 进入职场有关。
2.题型题量：根据文章的 内容选择符合题目要求的 答案；3篇文章共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。
考点梳理
考点一　　细节理解题
　　细节理解题是用来进一步表达文章主题、体现中心思想的题目，往往针对短 文中的某个细节来设置。解答此类题时，应快速捕捉信息，这些信息可能是事 例、数字等，阅读时要有针对性。
细节理解题比较简单，只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节就 可以解答出来，有的甚至可以根据文章原句直接得出答案。细节理解题的出题形 式很多，如以下几种：
（1）Which of the following statements is TRUE/NOT TRUE？
（2）Which of the following is （NOT） mentioned in the passage？
（3）How many/How much/Where/How/What...？
（4）What does the writer think about...？
（5）Which is the right order of the events given in the passage？
要快速记忆和辨认事实或细节，就需要恰当地使用查阅的方法。查阅是在对 阅读材料有所了解的情况下进行的，特点是带着问题去文中寻找答案，往往与略 读综合起来使用，具体方法与步骤如下：
（1）略读材料，了解原文大意，掌握其中心思想或主旨。
（2）按文章的体裁、作者写作的组织模式及有关信息词，如for example， first，second等，预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的细节。
（3）将精力放在寻找所需要的细节上，快速通篇阅读，待找到含有相关细 节的句子时，就要放慢速度，仔细核对，比较内容，直至得出答案。
例题精讲
例1　（2025年安徽省职教高考真题）Here are four books about flight，from amazing planes to flying animals.
Flight by David Long
　　Explore the story of flight，from hot－air balloons to journeys to the moon.This interesting book by David Long is rich with scientific and historical details about all kinds of things including the Wright Brothers’ first flight and the latest space travel. High by Jess McGeachin
　　What’s going on above your head？ Meet animals who live in the trees；birds that ride the wind；and night－time’s most beautiful stars.Covering everything that happens above us，from the earliest flying machines to modern skyscrapers（摩天大 楼），this book will take you to new heights.
Aviation by Matt Ralphs
　　Fans of flying machines will love this special book，which is full of nice pictures by Dieter Braun.Large， colorful pages include images of all kinds of helicopters and hot－air balloons. The Magic of Flight by Nicola Davies
　　Turn your attention to the birds and insects who fly through our skies with this lovely book.It’s filled with facts， explaining how and why animals fly and the many ways in which their abilities have helped them live on the earth.
A. David Long’s. B. Jess McGeachin’s.
C. Matt Ralphs’. D. Nicola Davies’.
【解析】 根据Flight by David Long部分的描述“...from hot－air balloons to journeys to the moon.”可知，David Long的书中提到了月球之旅。故选A。
A
A. Flight. B. High.
C. Aviation. D. The Magic of Flight.
【解析】 根据High by Jess McGeachin部分的描述“...from the earliest flying machines to modern skyscrapers...”可知，B项符合题意。故选B。
B
A. It is full of pictures. B. It studies balloons.
C. It is about the wind. D. It covers flying birds.
【解析】 根据Aviation by Matt Ralphs部分的描述“...which is full of nice pictures by Dieter Braun.Large，colorful pages...”可知，这本书的特点是充满 了精美的图片。故选A。
A
A. How people travel to space. B. How animals fly.
C. How people live on the earth. D. How planes work.
【解析】 细节理解题。根据The Magic of Flight by Nicola Davies部分的描述 “It’s filled with facts，explaining how and why animals fly...”可知，这本书的 主要内容是解释动物如何飞行以及为何飞行。故选B。
B
例2　（2024年安徽省职教高考真题）What makes a city a great city？ Here is some information about four of the world’s most famous cities.
Mumbai
　　Mumbai is a city on the west coast of India.It is one of the biggest cities in the world，with a population of over 18 million people.Mumbai is famous for its national park and being the home of “Bollywood”，where most Indian movies are made. London
　　London is the capital of the United Kingdom.It is in the south of the country and has a population of around 8 million people.London was created by the Romans in 43 AD. It is well known for its many landmarks，such as Big Ben and the London Eye.
Shanghai
　　Shanghai is the largest city in China，with a population of over 14 million people.It is on the east coast.Shanghai is known for its spectacular（壮观的） skyline，the famous Nanjing Road shopping area and its busy port. Rio de Janeiro
　　Rio de Janeiro，with a population of around 11 million people，is one of the biggest cities in Brazil.It was founded（建立） in 1565，and is famous for its carnivals （street parties），beaches and a large statue（雕塑） on a mountain looking over the city.
【解析】 根据表格左上角一栏中的第一句“Mumbai is a city on the west coast of India.”可知，孟买是一座位于印度西海岸的城市。故选A。
A. Its location. B. Its landmarks.
C. Its history. D. Its population.
【解析】 根据表格右上角一栏中的最后一句“It is well known for its many landmarks，such as Big Ben and the London Eye.”可知，伦敦以其众多的地标 闻名。故选B。
A
B
A. In a port. B. In a street.
C. On a mountain. D. On a beach.
【解析】 根据表格右下角一栏中的最后一句“...a large statue on a mountain....”可知，里约热内卢的大型雕塑在山上。故选C。
C
A. Mumbai. B. London.
C. Shanghai. D. Rio de Janeiro.
【解析】 根据表格左上角一栏中的第一、二句“Mumbai...with a population of over 18 million people.”，右上角一栏中的第一、二句“London...has a population of around 8 million people.”，左下角一栏中的第一句 “Shanghai...with a population of over 14 million people.”以及右下角一栏中 的第一句“Rio de Janeiro，with a population of around 11 million people...”可 知，孟买人口最多。故选A。
A
例3　（2023年安徽省职教高考真题）I started running half marathons（马拉松） in the 1960s.I’m 78 now.I’ve been doing them for nearly fifty years and I still get the same excitement at the beginning of each race as I always have.I don’t do as many as I did.I used to run around thirty times every year.These days I do about ten a year and my time is quite a bit slower.At my age you need a lot more preparation and your body doesn’t recover（恢复） so quickly，but it’s well worth all the extra work.
There are two main reasons why I still run half marathons.Firstly，it means I’m keeping myself fit.My doctor told me that I was healthier than most the 50－year－ olds.But I think the real reason why I love the sport so much is that the other people it brings you into contact with.You can meet other athletes（运动员） and make many good friends，but the most amazing thing is all the people who line up along the sides of the streets to cheer you on.
I also spend quite a lot of time visiting schools to get students interested in doing sports.I think it’s really important to get involved at an early age.It makes it much easier to keep doing it as you get older.The kids show great interest and they ask me loads of questions.Sometimes I challenge them to a five－kilometer race.There aren’t many of them that can beat me！
A. For only 10 years. B. For about 30 years.
C. For nearly 50 years. D. For almost 78 years.
【解析】 根据第一段第三句“I’ve been doing them for nearly fifty years...”可 知，C项正确。故选C。
C
A. It needs little preparation.
B. It’s less exciting.
C. It helps his body recover quickly.
D. It’s worth the time and effort.
【解析】 根据第一段最后一句“At my age you need a lot more preparation and your body doesn’t recover so quickly，but it’s well worth all the extra work.”可 知，D项正确。故选D。
D
A. Keeping himself fit. B. Communicating with others.
C. Cheering athletes on. D. Competing with other athletes.
【解析】 根据第二段第四句“But I think the real reason why I love the sport so much is that the other people it brings you into contact with.”可知，B项正确。 故选B。
B
A. To get students involved in doing sports.
B. To teach students how to face challenges.
C. To answer students’ questions about sports.
D. To have a five－kilometer race with students.
【解析】 根据最后一段中“I also spend quite a lot of time visiting schools to get students interested in doing sports.I think it’s really important to get involved at an early age.”可知，A项正确。故选A。
A
例4　（2022年安徽省职教高考真题）Reuse is a well－known idea for dealing with electronic waste such as old computers and phones.Many companies send used electronic items from the US to developing nations.They claim to be reusing those items，and also helping the developing nations to modernize themselves.However， the truth may be quite different.
The Basel Action Network of Seattle，Washington，recently reported that three quarters of the electronic items shipped to Lagos，Nigeria，are in fact broken.As a result，lots of electronic waste is thrown away along rivers and roads.Often it is picked by the very poor，who come in contact with toxic（有毒的） things in the broken equipment.Some of those things are especially dangerous to the health of growing children.
Richard of the Basel Action Network believes companies in developed nations are actually throwing away their electronic waste cheaply，leaving the developing world to deal with the problems it causes.
A. They are used. B. There are too many of them.
C. They are broken. D. There are dangerous things in them.
【解析】 根据第二段第一、二句“...three quarters of the electronic items shipped to Lagos，Nigeria，are in fact broken.As a result，lots of electronic waste is thrown away along rivers and roads.”可知，大部分运到尼日利亚的拉 各斯的电子产品是坏的，因而被丢弃。故选C。
C
A. to use them again B. to help people there
C. to improve these nations D. to throw them away cheaply
【解析】 根据最后一段“Richard of the Basel Action Network believes companies in developed nations are actually throwing away their electronic waste cheaply，leaving the developing world to deal with the problems it causes.”可 知，巴塞尔行动网络的理查德认为，发达国家企业实际上是在廉价处理电子垃 圾，让发展中国家去应对由此引发的问题。故选D。
D
即时训练　1
Passage 1
Lily loves picnics.Last Saturday，she went to Green Park with her mom.They woke up at 7：30 am and packed a blue basket.Inside were sandwiches， strawberries，and Lily’s favorite apple juice.
When they arrived，the park was quiet.They chose a spot（地点） under a tall oak tree（橡树） with some flowers.Lily spread a red blanket on the grass.While eating，they saw two little birds.The birds had brown wings and yellow beaks （喙）.They hopped near the basket，looking for crumbs（面包屑）.
After lunch，Lily flew a kite.It was red and white，with the picture of a small butterfly.The wind was gentle，so the kite flew high.At 3：15 pm，they packed up and went home.Lily felt happy—she hoped to visit the park again the next month.
A. Red. B. Blue. C. Pink. D. White.
【解析】根据第一段中“...packed a blue basket.”可知，她的篮子是蓝色的。 故选B。
B
A. They had red wings and black beaks.
B. They had brown wings and yellow beaks.
C. They had white wings and pink beaks.
D. They had green wings and orange beaks.
【解析】根据第二段中“The birds had brown wings and yellow beaks.”可知， 小鸟有棕色的翅膀和黄色的嘴巴。故选B。
B
A. At 7：30 am. B. At 12：00 pm.
C. At 3：15 pm. D. At 5：00 pm.
【解析】根据最后一段中“At 3：15 pm，they packed up and went home.”可知，下午3点15分她们收拾东西回家，即她们离开公园的时间是 下午3：15。故选C。
C
Passage 2
　　Our class has a lovely pet—a small hamster（仓鼠） named Momo.It is brown with a white belly，and its eyes are black like little beads.Momo lives in a big cage on the shelf near the teacher’s desk.The cage has a soft bed made of cotton，a small food bowl，and a wheel for Momo to run on.
Every morning，the duty student feeds Momo some sunflower seeds and fresh vegetables.Momo likes carrots best.After eating，it often runs on the wheel quickly， like a little runner.Sometimes，Momo sits quietly in the corner and cleans its fur with its small paws.All the students like to watch Momo during break time，but we never tap the cage or shout at it—we know we need to be gentle with it.
Last Friday，we noticed Momo had a little baby hamster！ It was tiny and white，just like a cotton ball.Our teacher told us to be extra quiet，because the baby hamster was very fragile（虚弱的）.Now，we take turns to look after Momo and its baby.We hope the little hamster will grow up healthily and happily with us in the class.
A. Sunflower seeds. B. Carrots.
C. Cotton. D. Vegetables.
【解析】根据第二段中“Momo likes carrots best.”可知，Momo最喜欢吃胡萝 卜。故选B。
B
A. On the windowsill. B. Near the teacher’s desk.
C. On the floor. D. In the corner of the classroom.
【解析】根据第一段中“Momo lives in a big cage on the shelf near the teacher’s desk.”可知，Momo住在讲台附近架子上的大笼子里。故选B。
B
A. Last Monday. B. Last Wednesday.
C. Last Friday. D. This Monday.
【解析】根据第三段中“Last Friday，we noticed Momo had a little baby hamster！”可知，上周五，学生们发现Momo有了一只小仓鼠宝宝。故选C。
C
Passage 3
（2025届安徽省中职“江淮十校”第五次学情监测）Do you have a pet cat at home？Many cats love to run around and play when it gets dark.Why are some cats so active at night？
A. Because they feel safer at night.
B. Because it’s easier for them to hunt in the dark.
C. Because they feel the room is too hot or too cold.
D. Because they are anxious，in heat（在发情期），or have health problems.
The correct answer is D. Many people think that cats are nocturnal（夜间活动 的） animals or that they always stay awake at night.However，this is not true.Most cats change their sleep time to match their owners’ schedules.So，it is rare（罕见的） for pet cats to be busy at night.
Some cats may be active because they are in heat，which can make them howl （嚎叫）.When a quiet cat feels anxious，it may also make noises and run around.This may happen because of changes in their home life.Cats may also feel uncomfortable at night because of health problems，such as high blood pressure.
If none of these reasons fit，it might be because the cat still has a lot of energy.The owner can play with the cat more before bedtime.
A. They sleep more. B. They howl.
C. They eat more. D. They are active in the daytime.
【解析】根据倒数第二段第一句“Some cats may be active because they are in heat，which can make them howl.”可知，发情的猫可能会嚎叫。故选B。
B
A. Health problems. B. Too much sleep.
C. Hunger. D. Loneliness.
【解析】根据倒数第二段最后一句“Cats may also feel uncomfortable at night because of health problems，such as high blood pressure.”可知，健康问题可能 会使猫在夜间感到不适。故选A。
A
A. Leave it alone. B. Play with it more before bedtime.
C. Give it more food. D. Change its sleeping area.
【解析】根据最后一段最后一句“The owner can play with the cat more before bedtime.”可知，当猫精力过剩时，主人可以在睡前多陪它玩一会儿以消耗它的 精力。故选B。
B
考点二　　主旨大意题
　　主旨大意题主要考查学生对短文中心思想或作者意图的把握。解答此类题 时，应通读全文，理解文章大意，充分理解主题句的意义。短文往往围绕主题句 展开，主题句通常出现在短文开头或结尾。
　　主旨大意题要求学生在理解全文的基础上，对文章进行归纳、概括或评价。 解答主旨大意题时，不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义，如涉及文章的标题 （title）、主旨（main idea）、结论（conclusion）、结局（end）等有关问题，都 需要在细读全文的基础上进行逻辑推理和判断，从而获取文章的主旨大意。常见 的出题形式有以下几种：
（1）The general idea of the passage is 　　　　.
（2）The main idea of the article is 　　　　.
（3）The main purpose of this selection is 　　　　.
（4）The passage suggests that 　　　　.
（5）Which of the following best states the theme of the passage？
解答主旨大意题时，应注意使用以下技巧：
（1）首先看短文的开头和结尾，确定短文题材，预测其内容。每段的第一 句话往往包含重要信息，可以帮助我们把握各段乃至整篇文章的大意。
（2）速读全文，整体理解短文大意；抓住关键词语，把握文章的主旨。
（3）根据已知短文内容，着手解题。可先看一下文后的选择题，然后带着 问题去阅读。这样做，一方面有助于加深对文章的理解，另一方面可以有针对性 地从文章中寻找答案。
（4）迅速复读全文，检查自己的理解是否正确，所选答案是否前后矛盾。 经过全面考虑，最后确定答案。
例题精讲
例1　（2025年安徽省职教高考真题）Most of us are born with the love of sugar.Experts usually explain it in this way：After people have sweet food such as ice cream，cake，and so on，sugar enters their blood and affects（影响） the parts of brain that make them feel good.Then the good feeling goes away slowly，leaving them wanting more and having more.However，too much sugar will bring health problems.
　　“It seems like every time I study an illness and find a path to the first cause，I find my way back to sugar，” says scientist Richard Johnson.“Sugar，we believe， is one of the causes，if not the main cause.”
　　Actually，our body needs very little sugar to live on.Early humans often had very little food，so our body slowly learned to store sugar as fat.In this way，we had energy stored for when there was no food.But today，most people have more than enough.So the thing that once saved us now may be killing us.
　　What is the solution？It’s obvious that we need to have less sweet.So，many schools begin to offer more food with less sugar.Besides，they are trying to encourage more exercise by building sports facilities（设施），so students and people living nearby can exercise.
（　　）What is the topic of the text？
A. Sugar and health. B. Ways to exercise.
C. Illnesses and cures. D. History of humans.
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据文章内容可知，全文都在讨论糖如何影响人的感觉、健康，以及 如何减少糖的摄入。故选A。
例2　（2024年安徽省职教高考真题）Music plays an important part in many people’s lives.It has changed through the years.Today there are several different styles of music.
Pop is a simple form of music，easy to follow and remember.Pop songs are often short three－minute songs that people like at once when they first hear them.The words of the songs are often about emotions，usually love，joy，and regret.Songs by The Beatles are examples of pop songs.
Rock music is usually loud，with strong beats（节拍） from different musical instruments，like drums and two or more electric guitars.One guitar usually makes very low，deep sounds，while the other makes high，quick sounds.Rock songs can be fast or slow，with strong vocals（歌声） and words.The Rolling Stones was one of the early rock bands.
Hip hop is a style of music that has a DJ making electronic instrumental sounds， while a singer raps（说唱）.The words are considered to be the most important part of hip hop.They usually tell a story about the singer，and sometimes use a lot of strong or bad language.An example of a well－known hip hop singer is Eminem.
R&B has a strong beat，with sounds from guitars，keyboards and vocals.These days R&B is often mixed with other styles.Mariah Carey and Jennifer Lopez are two singers who join styles together to create new musical sounds.
（　　）What is the best title for the text？
A. The Love for Music B. The Importance of Music
C. The Words of Music D. The Styles of Music
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据第一段最后一句“Today there are several different styles of music.”并结合全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了几种不同的音乐风格，“音乐的 风格”最适合作为文章标题。故选D。
例3　（2023年安徽省职教高考真题）Looking for cool books this season？ The following information from four student readers may help.
Name：Josh
Title：The Lost Picture
　　The book really keeps your attention.Who has the missing painting？I don’t think you can guess.You have to read to the surprising end. Name：Andrea
Title：The Wild Side of the Garden
　　The writer creates an unusual world.Cars fly，and dogs talk.Everyone is reading this delightful book.Get it from the school library.
Name：Felipe
Title：The House in Space
　　The book is about a family on Jupiter （木星）.It’s confusing.There are too many characters（人物）.You don’t know who is who.Don’t even start this book.It’s very disappointing. Name：Mandy
Title：Sarah at School
　　The book is dull.You’re not going to like it.It has too much information on Sarah’s family.I wanted to know more about Sarah.There are better books about teenagers.
（　　）What’s the purpose of the text？
A. To tell stories about family life.
B. To share opinions of the books.
C. To give information about book sales.
D. To offer tips on students’ reading skills.
【答案】 B
【解析】 通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了四名学生读者推荐的四本书及其相关 信息。故选B。
例4　（2023年安徽省职教高考真题）A global survey has found that people who live in cities have better hearing than those who live in quiet villages，and scientists now believe that the ear needs exercise to keep in shape.
A team of scientists at the University of Giessen，Germany，has spent over ten years testing the hearing of more than 10，000 people around the world.As expected， people exposed（暴露） to very loud noises at work，such as construction workers， had poor hearing.But the hearing of those living in the quiet countryside，such as farmers，was just as bad.Orchestral（管弦乐的） musicians and airline pilots， however，can usually hear well although exposed to noise at work.And there is little difference between people who go to noisy concerts and those who do not.
Hearing experts have long believed that long－time exposure to excessively（过 度地） loud noise degrades hearing and so industrial standards are based on people’s average exposure to sound energy.However，it is the very sudden strong noises that do the most damage，while exposure to continual noise “trains” the ear to put up with it.
（　　）What is the survey mainly about？
A. Ear exercises. B. People’s hearing.
C. Village life. D. Sound energy.
【答案】 B
【解析】 通读全文，且根据第一段“A global survey has found that people who live in cities have better hearing than those who live in quiet villages，and scientists now believe that the ear needs exercise to keep in shape.”可知，该研究 主要是关于人们的听力的。故选B。
即时训练　2
Passage 1
March 12th is Tree Planting Day.Li Hua’s class had a special activity—planting trees in the school garden.
In the morning，the teacher gave each student a small sapling（树苗）.Li Hua’s sapling was thin and green.He dug a hole with a small shovel（铲子），put the sapling into it，and covered the roots with soil.Then he watered it carefully.His classmates helped each other：Some carried water，some dug holes，and the others fixed the saplings.
After working for an hour，many small trees stood in the garden.Li Hua looked at his sapling and smiled.He thought，“I hope it grows tall and strong.Trees can make the air clean and our school beautiful.” Everyone felt tired but happy.It was a meaningful day for Li Hua and his classmates.
A. Li Hua got a small green sapling on Tree Planting Day.
B. Li Hua and his classmates planted trees on Tree Planting Day.
C. How to plant a sapling step by step.
D. Trees can make the air clean and the school beautiful.
【解析】文章围绕“植树节”展开，主要讲述了李华和他的同学们植树节时一起 在学校花园里植树的经历，包括领树苗、种树、互相帮助等细节。因此，B项最 能概括文章主旨。故选B。
B
Passage 2
Lily is an 8－year－old girl in Grade Two.She loves going to school because she likes playing with her classmates and helping others.Every morning，she walks to school with her best friend，Tom.On the way，they often see an old man selling flowers near the park.He has white hair and always wears a blue coat.Sometimes，he looks tired because he stands for a long time.
One cold Wednesday morning，Lily noticed the old man’s hands were red and cold.“His hands must be freezing，” she thought.After school，she ran home quickly and told her mom about the old man.Her mom smiled and said，“You are a kind girl.Let’s make a pair of warm gloves for him.” That evening，Lily and her mom sewed a pair of soft red gloves.Lily also drew a little sun on them to bring warmth.
The next day，Lily gave the gloves to the old man.He was very happy and thanked her many times.“These gloves are the best gift I’ve ever had，” he said.Lily felt warm in her heart.She learned that helping others can make people happy.
From then on，she often helps people around her—sharing her snacks with classmates，helping teachers carry books，and even feeding stray cats.Kindness，she finds，is like a little light that makes the world a better place.
A. Lily likes walking to school with Tom.
B. Lily made gloves for an old man.
C. Kindness can bring happiness to people.
D. The old man sells flowers near the park.
【解析】阅读全文，并根据文中“Kindness，she finds，is like a little light that makes the world a better place.”可知，文章主要讲述了莉莉在上学路上看到一 个卖花的老人的双手冻得通红，回家和妈妈一起织了一双手套送给老人并受到感 谢的故事，旨在告诉我们善良能给人带来快乐。故选C。
C
Passage 3
　　Visitors to Switzerland usually include Basel in their list of cities to visit.It has a population of over 350，000，the majority of whom speak German.However，it is considered a kind of international city，because it stands at the point where three countries meet.Many visitors go to the place in the city where a small three－side marker says France on one side，Germany on another，and Switzerland on the third.The Rhine，which divides the city，becomes wide and deep enough just at this point for ships to sail all the way up to the North Sea.Basel is quite an old city，too， having risen in importance five centuries ago.The University of Basel was founded in 1460，and it is well known today.
A. Visitors to Switzerland Must Go to Basel
B. Three Countries’ Basel
C. Basel，a Visitor’s Must
D. Basel，What a Wonderful City！
【解析】本文主要介绍了巴塞尔这座城市的人口、地理位置、语言、历史等，体 现了这座城市的旅游价值。故选C。
C
考点三　　推理判断题
　　推理判断题是根据某个事实推断结论的题目，主要考查学生的理解能力和推 断能力。这类推断通常包括数据事实推断、常识推断以及对作者的写作目的、态 度和倾向等的推断。解答推理判断题时，应根据短文中的相关语句，对与事实有 关的细节加以分析，找出线索，掌握字里行间的意思，反复比较，从而做出合乎 逻辑的判断。
推理判断题属于深层阅读理解题。它要求尽量考虑文中全部信息或事实，在 通篇理解文章的基础上，严格按照作者提供的信息推断出作者的言外之意。常见 的出题形式有以下几种：
（1）From the passage，it can be inferred that 　　　　.
（2）The passage suggests that 　　　　.
（3）Which of the following best describes...？
（4）The writer’s attitude towards...is 　　　　.
（5）From the passage，we learn that 　　　　.
推理判断题有一定的难度，解答时必须根据上下文内容及其内在联系或对整 篇文章进行深层理解后，才能得出答案。有时甚至还要联系作者的意图、态度等 文外之意加以推理。解答推理判断题可从以下几方面入手：
（1）根据常识判断。解题时除掌握文义外，还需要借助生活常识、风土人 情、故事传说、名人逸事等进行判断。
（2）根据知识判断。解题时运用一些一般性知识，如天文、地理、文学、 艺术、科技等自然科学知识和社会科学知识。
（3）根据计算判断。解题时运用一些数学知识进行和差、面积、体积、速 度等方面的计算。
（4）根据情节判断。解题时从情节所提供的基本事实出发，寻找一定关 系，如时间关系、条件关系、因果关系、比较关系、转折关系等作为推理根据。 这种题目最常出现，考生要从时间、地点、事件的情节安排与发展中，深入发掘 其逻辑关系及隐喻、引申等因素。
例题精讲
例1　（2025年安徽省职教高考真题）Mirriam，a 13－year－old Kenyan（肯尼亚 的） student，has gained great success in learning Chinese.She won the national prize in the Chinese Bridge competition（比赛） in Kenya，ranked 6th in Africa，and placed in the top 30 in the world last year.
　　Her journey with the Chinese language began with the Chinese gifts from her brother who once studied in China.She loved the gifts so much that she became interested in Chinese culture and then decided to learn Chinese.She joined in Chinese classes at her school.She worked really hard in learning Chinese and then was given the chance by her teacher to join in the competition.She did well，impressed the judges and won a two－week trip to China.In October 2024，Mirriam traveled to China with her teacher.“I loved it.The people were so friendly.Everyone was so nice，”she says of her trip.
　　Mirriam is an example that shows the growing interest in Chinese in Kenya.Today，more and more students are beginning to learning Chinese.Now， Chinese is the most popular of the three foreign languages offered at Mirriam’s school，with 90 out of 200 students choosing to learn it.There’s a lot of support from parents and the school.
（　　）What does the example of Mirriam show？
A. Fun of traveling in China.
B. The growing interest in Chinese.
C. Love for teaching languages.
D. The reason for holding a competition.
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据文章第三段开头“Mirriam is an example that shows the growing interest in Chinese in Kenya.”以及在Mirriam的学校里选择学习中文的学生人 数可知，肯尼亚人对中文以及中国文化的兴趣日益增长。故选B。
例2　（2024年安徽省职教高考真题）I am Frank Carduna.I work as a gym instructor（教练） in a sports centre.I usually get up at 5 am and make a cup of coffee，without which I’m not at my best.I drive to work—it takes about fifteen minutes on a good day—usually getting there at about 5：40.The first thing I do is switch on the lights and then the air conditioning if it’s summer （heating if it’s winter），and the radio as well.We have the radio on all day because our clients like listening to news and music.The sports centre opens at 6 am.
I work in a team of four，although only two of us are ever in the gym at the same time.The instructors all wear sports clothes.It’s important to be comfortable because we sometimes need to show new clients how to use the machines.Besides，our other tasks are quite simple：we check that everyone has their membership card when they come in，and we check that the machines are clean and safe.
I have a one－hour break for lunch，and I usually do two more hours after lunch.I go home at about 2：30 pm.
The best part of the job is meeting people.Our clients range from eighteen－year －old body builders to eighty－year－olds who come to exercise and chat.I’ve never had any problems at the sports centre.It’s a really nice job，though it doesn’t pay very well.In the evenings，I relax by reading a book and cooking for myself and I’m usually in bed by 9：30 pm.
A. Satisfying. B. Complicated.
C. Relaxing. D. Well－paid.
【解析】 根据最后一段中“I’ve never had any problems at the sports centre.It’s a really nice job，though it doesn’t pay very well.”可知，作者在体育中心从来 没有遇到任何麻烦，虽然这份工作薪水不高，但是作者认为这是一份很好的工 作，据此可推断，作者对他的工作是满意的。故选A。
A
A. To share his daily schedule. B. To complain about his job.
C. To introduce the sports centre. D. To offer tips on exercising.
【解析】 通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了Frank作为体育中心健身教练一天的日 常，包括起床时间、通勤时间、到单位做的事、工作内容、下班时间以及下班后 的放松活动等，所以他写这篇文章是为了分享自己的日常安排。故选A。
A
例3　For Erer Suansuan，Peach Blossom Shangri－la（《桃花源记》） is not just a story from her Chinese textbook.It’s a riddle（谜）.
　　For example，why is the peach blossom Shangri－la found in so many poems， paintings and plays？ Why doesn’t the fisherman have a name？ Does the cave（洞） have the same meaning as the cave in Plato’s（柏拉图） works？
　　Trying to answer these questions makes the text much more fun.Suansuan wants to share her ideas with more people.She paints and makes videos with her paintings.
　　Since May，2019，she has made more than 50 videos.Seven are about the stories behind the texts in Chinese textbooks.The rest are about learning methods and other works of literature（文学）.Now she has more than 1.5 million fans on Bilibili.Many of them are teenagers.They leave bullet comments（弹幕） and messages of thanks.They say she has made their school life more interesting.
　　Suansuan says learning and creating bring her the greatest joy.Making videos combines（结合） both.So she will keep doing it.
A. She often asks questions in class.
B. She doesn’t like the stories in her textbook.
C. She is good at thinking out of the box.
D. She knows nothing about Peach Blossom Shangri－la.
【解析】 根据第二段所描述的内容可知，Suansuan对《桃花源记》的理解打破 陈规，有许多独特的见解。故选C。
C
A. bullet comments and messages
B. learning methods and other works of literature
C. videos and stories
D. learning and creating
【解析】 根据最后一段第一句“Suansuan said learning and creating bring her the greatest joy.”可推理得知both是指代“learning and creating”。故选D。
D
A. Suansuan finds it difficult to learn new things.
B. Making videos brings Suansuan joy.
C. Most of Suansuan’s videos are about Chinese textbooks.
D. Suansuan asks teenagers to be more active on Bilibili.
【解析】 文中没有提到A项；根据最后一段第一句“Suansuan said learning and creating bring her the greatest joy.”可判断得知B项正确；根据第四段第二句 “Seven are about the stories behind the texts in Chinese textbooks.”可判断得知 C项错误；文中没有提到D项。故选B。
B
即时训练　3
Passage 1
　　Lucy’s birthday was on Sunday.She woke up early and saw a big box on the table.It was wrapped in purple paper with a silver bow（蝴蝶结）.Mom smiled and said，“It’s from someone who loves you very much.”
Lucy shook the box gently.It made a soft “rustle” sound.She guessed it wasn’t a toy—toys usually made a “clink” or “thud”.She touched the box through the paper.It felt flat and light，not heavy like a book or a puzzle.
After breakfast，Lucy opened the box.Inside were a beautiful sketchbook（素描 本） and a set of colored pencils.Dad came over and said，“I know you like drawing pictures of flowers and birds.” Lucy hugged Dad tightly.She knew the gift was perfect for her！
A. Her mom. B. Her dad.
C. Her friend. D. Her teacher.
【解析】根据最后一段中“Dad came over and said，‘I know you like drawing pictures...’”可知，爸爸知道Lucy喜欢画画，而礼物（素描本和彩铅）恰好符 合她的爱好。由此可推断，礼物最可能是Lucy的爸爸送的。故选B。
B
A. Because the box was very big.
B. Because the box made a soft “rustle” sound.
C. Because the gift was flat and heavy.
D. Because Mom told her it wasn’t a toy.
【解析】根据第二段中“Lucy shook the box gently.It made a soft ‘rustle’ sound.She guessed it wasn’t a toy—toys usually made a ‘clink’ or ‘thud’.”可 知，Lucy根据盒子发出的“沙沙”声判断里面的礼物不是玩具，因为玩具通常 发出“叮当”声或“砰砰”声。故选B。
B
A. She likes playing with toys. B. She enjoys drawing.
C. She hates purple paper. D. She had a big birthday party.
【解析】根据最后一段中“Inside were a beautiful sketchbook and a set of colored pencils.”以及“I know you like drawing pictures of flowers and birds.” 可推断，Lucy喜欢画画。故选B。
B
Passage 2
It was rainy on Saturday morning.Mia couldn’t go to the park to play.She sat by the window，watching raindrops hit the glass.Mom walked over and said，“Let’s look for something fun to do inside！”
Mia saw a jar on the shelf.It was empty and clean.Mom gave her a bowl of rice and a small spoon.“Let’s make a rain stick！” Mom said.They put rice into the jar，then sealed the lid tightly.Mia shook it gently—it made a sound just like rain！
While shaking，Mia noticed the jar was blue.Mom smiled and said，“I remembered you love blue things.” Mia’s eyes lit up.She shook the rain stick again and again，listening to the “rain” sound happily.
A. Because she was ill.
B. Because it was raining.
C. Because she had to do her homework.
D. Because the park was closed.
【解析】根据第一段中“It was rainy on Saturday morning.Mia couldn’t go to the park to play.”可知，因为下雨，所以Mia不能去公园玩。故选B。
B
A. Her dad. B. Her teacher.
C. Her mom. D. Her friend.
【解析】根据第二段中“Mom gave her a bowl of rice and a small spoon.”以及“Let’s make a rain stick！”可知，妈妈为Mia准备了制作 雨棍的材料。故选C。
C
A. She likes blue. B. She hates rain.
C. She often plays with the jar. D. She doesn’t like rice.
【解析】根据最后一段中的“I remembered you love blue things.”以及“Mia’s eyes lit up.”可推断，Mia喜欢蓝色。故选A。
A
考点四　　词义猜测题
　　在阅读中，我们经常会遇到一些生词，需要根据上下文内容猜测它们的意 思。词义猜测题考查紧扣原文，根据上下文语境猜测单词、词组或短句的意思。 常见的题型有直接对生词进行解释，对多义词或短语在文章具体语言环境中的意 义作出判断，对英语中的一些格言或谚语进行解释，对文中一些代词的指代对象 做出界定等。常见的出题形式如下：
（1）The underlined word/phrase in the passage means 　　　　.
（2）The word “it/them” in the first paragraph refers to 　　　　.
（3）The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means 　　　　.
（4）What does the underlined word “...” refer to？
（5）By “...”，the writer means 　　　　.
解答词义猜测题时，应紧扣原文，根据上下文语境进行判断，切忌望文生义 或断章取义，也不能只选择自己熟悉的意思。猜测词义的常见方法有以下几种：
（1）根据构词法猜测词义。
（2）根据上下文猜测词义。
（3）根据定义或解释猜测词义。
（4）根据同义词、反义词以及对比关系猜测词义。
（5）根据生活常识猜测词义。
例题精讲
例1　（2025年安徽省职教高考真题）Mirriam，a 13－year－old Kenyan（肯尼亚 的） student，has gained great success in learning Chinese.She won the national prize in the Chinese Bridge competition（比赛） in Kenya，ranked 6th in Africa，and placed in the top 30 in the world last year.
　　Her journey with the Chinese language began with the Chinese gifts from her brother who once studied in China.She loved the gifts so much that she became interested in Chinese culture and then decided to learn Chinese.She joined in Chinese classes at her school.She worked really hard in learning Chinese and then was given the chance by her teacher to join in the competition.She did well，impressed the judges and won a two－week trip to China.In October 2024，Mirriam traveled to China with her teacher.“I loved it.The people were so friendly.Everyone was so nice，”she says of her trip.
　　Mirriam is an example that shows the growing interest in Chinese in Kenya.Today，more and more students are beginning to learning Chinese.Now， Chinese is the most popular of the three foreign languages offered at Mirriam’s school，with 90 out of 200 students choosing to learn it.There’s a lot of support from parents and the school.
（　　）Which word has the closest meaning to the underlined word “ranked” in Paragraph 1？
A. Placed. B. Served.
C. Asked. D. Invited.
【答案】 A
【解析】 画线词“ranked”所在的句子叙述了Mirriam在非洲和世界的排名。由 此可猜测，ranked有“位列，排名”之意，与placed同义。故选A。
例2　（2024年安徽省职教高考真题）Music plays an important part in many people’s lives.It has changed through the years.Today there are several different styles of music.
Pop is a simple form of music，easy to follow and remember.Pop songs are often short three－minute songs that people like at once when they first hear them.The words of the songs are often about emotions，usually love，joy，and regret.Songs by The Beatles are examples of pop songs.
Rock music is usually loud，with strong beats（节拍） from different musical instruments，like drums and two or more electric guitars.One guitar usually makes very low，deep sounds，while the other makes high，quick sounds.Rock songs can be fast or slow，with strong vocals（歌声） and words.The Rolling Stones was one of the early rock bands.
Hip hop is a style of music that has a DJ making electronic instrumental sounds， while a singer raps（说唱）.The words are considered to be the most important part of hip hop.They usually tell a story about the singer，and sometimes use a lot of strong or bad language.An example of a well－known hip hop singer is Eminem.
R&B has a strong beat，with sounds from guitars，keyboards and vocals.These days R&B is often mixed with other styles.Mariah Carey and Jennifer Lopez are two singers who join styles together to create new musical sounds.
（　　）What does the underlined word “emotions” in Paragraph 2 probably mean？
A. Efforts. B. Interests.
C. Feelings. D. Habits.
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据第二段中“The words of the songs are often about emotions， usually love，joy，and regret.”可知，爱、喜悦和遗憾都是关于情感的词。故 可推测，emotions意为“情感”。故选C。
例3　（2022年安徽省职教高考真题）Wolfgang Mozart was born in January of 1756 into a musical family.His father recognized the gift of his children and gave most of his time and energy to their careers.Mozart and his sister went to Europe on a tour， playing music for the people of high social position.He could listen to any piece of music once and then play it from memory.He could play the keyboard with eyes covered.Music that Mozart wrote at the age of five was as good as works by many adult musicians.
When Mozart was a young man，he fell in love and married a German girl.Although his family did not accept this marriage，the young couple enjoyed their life together.Mozart earned a living selling his music，giving performances，and providing music lessons to the wealthy.Some of his operas are still performed today.
By the spring of 1791，Mozart was ill and depressed.He was deeply in debt（债 务）.His health became worse and worse.A stranger asked Mozart to write a musical piece for a dead person.Mozart agreed，but began to fear that the piece was being written for his own death.Mozart died in December of 1791，at the age of 35.
（　　）What does the underlined word “depressed” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？
A. Wealthy. B. Active.
C. Unhappy. D. Useless.
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据第三段中“By the spring of 1791，Mozart was ill and depressed.He was deeply in debt.His health became worse and worse.”可知， 莫扎特身体不适且债台高筑，他的心情应是抑郁不开心的。故选C。
例4　（2025届安徽省中职“江淮十校”第三次学情监测）SpaceX’s Starship had its fourth launch（发射） on June 6—and it was a success！ This brought cheers from all over the world.So，what makes the Starship so special？
The 122－meter－tall giant has two parts.There’s the Starship spacecraft，which carries things and，maybe one day，astronauts.And then there’s the Super Heavy rocket—the biggest ever made.The rocket’s 33 engines give the Starship a strong push.
With so much power，SpaceX founder Elon Musk hopes it can carry astronauts to Mars in the future.
But the company doesn’t want the Starship to be a one－time “traveler”.It hopes it can do many trips and launch at a low cost.
But first，the Starship has to show it can work well.The three test flights before didn’t go that great.This time，only one of the 33 engines didn’t work，and the spacecraft went into space and came back safely.“There will be four more tests this year，” said SpaceX.
（　　）The underlined word “giant” in Paragraph 2 means “ 　　　　”.
A. an unusually large person B. an unusually large object
C. a very small object D. a very low building
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据画线单词前的“The 122－meter－tall...”和后面句子中的 “...the biggest ever made.”可猜测得知，此处giant意为“庞然大 物”。故选B。
即时训练　4
Passage 1
　　Luna loves helping her grandma in the garden.One morning，they went to plant sunflowers.Grandma gave Luna a small shovel and said，“First，we need to dig a shallow hole—just deep enough to cover the seed，not too deep！”
Luna dug a hole carefully.It was only 3 centimeters deep.She put the seed in and covered it with soil.Grandma watered the hole gently.“Now we wait for the seed to sprout，” Grandma said.“In a few days，a tiny green shoot will come out of the soil.”
A week later，Luna ran to the garden.She saw a small green sprout pushing through the dirt.It was soft and thin，just like Grandma said！ Luna was so happy— her sunflower was starting to grow.
A. A small green shoot from a seed. B. A tool for digging holes.
C. A kind of flower. D. Water for plants.
【解析】根据画线单词所在句“She saw a small green sprout pushing through the dirt.”及下文“It was soft and thin...”可知，一个小绿芽破土而出，又软 又细。由此可猜测，画线单词意为“新芽，嫩枝”，与A项意思相近。故选A。
A
Passage 2
　　Mia is a 7－year－old girl who loves plants.Every weekend，she helps her grandma take care of the garden behind their house.The garden is full of colorful flowers，green grass，and small trees.Mia’s favorite part is the herb bed（草药 园）—it has mint，basil，and other plants that smell nice and can be used for cooking.
One Saturday morning，Mia sees a small insect on a tomato leaf.It is red and has black spots on its back.“Grandma，what is this bug？” she asks.Grandma looks at it and says，“That’s a ladybug.It’s a friend of our garden’s，not a pest.Ladybugs eat harmful insects that destroy plants.” Mia nods，but she doesn’t know what “pest” means.She watches the ladybug crawl slowly，and soon it eats a tiny green worm on the leaf.
Later，Mia finds some holes in the cabbage leaves.Grandma points to some small white bugs and says，“These are aphids—they are real pests.They drink the juice from plants and make them sick.” Mia suddenly understands：Pests are bad insects that hurt plants，while ladybugs are helpful.
A. 益虫 B. 害虫 C. 植物 D. 工具
【解析】根据下文“Mia suddenly understands：Pests are bad insects that hurt plants，while ladybugs are helpful.”可知，害虫是伤害植物的坏昆虫，而瓢虫 是有帮助的。由此可猜测，画线单词意为“害虫”。故选B。
B
Passage 3
　　John was cutting a branch off a tree in his garden.While he was sawing，another man passed in the street.He stopped and said，“Excuse me，but if you keep sawing that branch like that，you will fall down with it.” He said this because John was sitting on the branch and cutting it at a place between himself and the trunk of the tree.
　　John said nothing.He thought，“This is some foolish person who has no work to do and goes about telling other people what to do and what not to do.”
　　The man continued in his way.Of course，after a few minutes the branch fell and John fell with it.
　　“My God！” he cried.“That man knows the future！” And he ran after him to ask how long he was going to live.But the man had gone.
A. 看见 B. 锯
C. 削 D. 明白
【解析】根据第一段第一句“John was cutting a branch off a tree in his garden.”和画线单词后的“you will fall down with it.”可知，sawing意为 “锯”。故选B。
B
备考方法
1. 从近几年安徽省职教高考中阅读理解部分的情况来看，短文体裁多样，题材 各异，涉及科学知识、社会文化、政治历史、人文环境和日常生活等方面，充 分体现其时代性和实用性。常见题型有细节理解题、主旨大意题、推理判断题 和词义猜测题。
2. 做阅读理解练习应先看问题，把握考点。在阅读短文之前，快速浏览问题， 以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数，从而快速、准确地捕捉所需信息。做题时不 必拘泥于书中所呈现的语篇顺序，应遵循先易后难的原则。如可先做细节理解 题再做推理判断题，因为细节理解题大多能直接从文中找到答案，而推理判断 题则需对短文进行深层理解，才能得出答案。
综合训练
Passage 1
Tom is an 8－year－old boy in Grade Two.He has a little brown puppy named Coco.Coco has big black eyes and a short tail.Every afternoon after school，Tom plays fetch with Coco in the community park.They run，jump，and chase each other—Coco is Tom’s best friend.
Last Friday，Tom came home from school and couldn’t find Coco.He looked everywhere：Under the bed，in the closet，and even in the garden.But Coco was gone.Tom felt sad and worried.His mom hugged him and said，“Let’s make posters to find Coco.We can write his name and draw his picture.” Tom nodded.They wrote “Lost Puppy： Coco，brown fur，big black eyes” on the posters and stuck them on walls near the park and the supermarket.
On Sunday morning，a kind lady called Tom’s mom.She said she found a puppy matching the description of Coco near the park.Tom and his mom rushed there.When Coco saw Tom，it ran to him and wagged its tail happily.Tom picked up Coco and kissed its head.He thanked the lady many times.From then on，Tom never lets Coco run around alone.He learns that taking care of friends is very important.
A. It has white fur and small eyes.
B. It has brown fur and big black eyes.
C. It has black fur and a long tail.
D. It has brown fur and small blue eyes.
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Coco has big black eyes and a short tail.”和第二段中“Lost Puppy： Coco，brown fur，big black eyes”可知， Coco有着棕色毛发和黑色大眼睛。故选B。
B
A. To show Coco to his classmates.
B. To find his lost puppy.
C. To ask for a new puppy.
D. To invite friends to play with Coco.
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“...Tom came home from school and couldn’t find Coco.”和“Let’s make posters to find Coco.”可知，汤姆制作海 报是为了寻找丢失的小狗。故选B。
B
A. Tom will be more careful with Coco later.
B. The lady kept Coco as her own pet.
C. Tom will never play with Coco in the park again.
D. Coco ran away because Tom treated it badly.
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“From then on，Tom never lets Coco run around alone.”可推断，汤姆之后会更谨慎地照顾Coco。故选A。
A
A. Shook. B. Closed.
C. Cleaned. D. Covered.
【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线单词上下文“When Coco saw Tom，it ran to him and wagged its tail happily.”可知，小狗见到主人开心时会摇尾巴，由此可 推知，wagged意为“摇摆”，与A项意思相近。故选A。
A
A. Tom likes playing in the park.
B. Tom made posters to find his puppy.
C. Tom found his lost puppy and learned to take care of friends.
D. A kind lady helped Tom find Coco.
【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要讲述汤姆丢失小狗Coco后，通过制作海报 找回了它，并从中学会要照顾好朋友的故事。因此，C项最能概括文章主 旨。故选C。
C
Passage 2
The sun is always shining.But it can only shine on one side of the earth at one time.When the sun is shining on one side of the earth，it is night on the other side.
　　At night，you can see the stars.The stars are in the sky all day.But the light from the sun is so bright that you can’t see them.When night comes，there is no light，and the stars are bright enough to be seen.The stars look very small.But some of them are even bigger than the sun.They look small because they are so far away from you.Big things look much smaller when they are far away.The sun is closer to the earth than other stars，so it looks bigger.
A. doesn’t shine B. shines for a short time
C. disappears D. shines on the other side of the earth
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“When the sun is shining on one side of the earth，it is night on the other side.”可知，D项正确。故选D。
D
A. there are no stars there
B. the stars are much smaller than the sun
C. the bright light from the sun makes them not seen
D. the stars come out only at night
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句“The stars are in the sky all day.But the light from the sun is so bright that you can’t see them.”可知，C项 正确。故选C。
C
A. they are far away from the earth B. they are small
C. they have no light D. they are in the sky
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第七句“They look small because they are so far away from you.”可知，A项正确。故选A。
A
A. bigger B. smaller C. near D. far away
【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句“Big things look much smaller when they are far away.”可知，大的物体离得远时看起来就更小，故可推断 出，小的东西离得近时看起来就更大些。故选A。
A
A. it’s bigger B. it’s far away in the sky
C. it gives much bright light D. it’s closer to the earth than other stars
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“The sun is closer to the earth than other stars，so it looks bigger.”可知，D项正确。故选D。
D
Passage 3
Butterflies are amazing insects that live all over the world.They have colorful wings with different patterns—some are red，some are blue，and some have black spots.A butterfly’s life has four stages，which is called “metamorphosis（变形）”.
First，a butterfly starts as an egg.The mother butterfly lays eggs on leaves.After a few days，the egg hatches into a caterpillar（毛毛虫）.Caterpillars eat a lot of leaves to grow.They can eat up to 20 times the weight of themselves every day！ When the caterpillar is big enough，it makes a hard shell called a chrysalis （蛹）.Inside the chrysalis，the caterpillar changes slowly.This stage can last for a few weeks or even months.Finally，the chrysalis opens，and a beautiful butterfly comes out.
Butterflies are important for nature.They drink nectar from flowers and help spread pollen（花粉），which helps plants grow fruit.Butterflies like warm weather，so you can often see them in gardens，parks，and meadows in spring and summer.If you want to watch butterflies，you can plant colorful flowers like roses or sunflowers—they will attract these beautiful insects.
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“A butterfly’s life has four stages...”可 知，蝴蝶的一生有四个阶段。故选C。
C
A. Nectar. B. Leaves.
C. Pollen. D. Fruit.
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Caterpillars eat a lot of leaves to grow.” 可知，毛毛虫靠吃叶子长大。故选B。
B
A. Because they have beautiful wings.
B. Because they help plants reproduce（繁殖）.
C. Because they live in warm weather.
D. Because they change their shapes.
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“They drink nectar from flowers and help spread pollen，which helps plants grow fruit.”可推断，蝴蝶帮助植物传播花 粉，进而帮助植物繁殖。故选B。
B
A. 吸引 B. 赶走 C. 伤害 D. 喂养
【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线单词上下文“...you can plant colorful flowers like roses or sunflowers—they will attract these beautiful insects.”可知，种植鲜 花的目的是吸引蝴蝶飞过来，由此可猜测，attract意为“吸引”。故选A。
A
A. To tell a story about a butterfly.
B. To explain the life of butterflies and their importance.
C. To advise people to keep butterflies as pets.
D. To describe different kinds of butterflies.
【解析】主旨大意题。文章第一段介绍蝴蝶的基本特征，第二段解释蝴蝶的四个 生命阶段，第三段说明蝴蝶对自然的重要性及观赏方法，其主要目的是介绍蝴蝶 的生活和重要性。故选B。
B
Passage 4
　　The other day I decided to teach my son about the power of small acts of kindness.He had won some sweets in a prize machine in the local supermarket，so I asked him if he would like to share his winnings with others.He was hesitant because he was a shy little boy，but he said yes after I encouraged him a bit.
A father and his child passed by us.I went to the father and asked if my son could give his daughter some sweets that he had won.The father looked at me in a strange way and was unsure what to say.I explained that I was teaching my son about the power of kindness.At last，he said it was okay.
We went to his daughter，but to my surprise，the little girl wouldn’t accept the sweets！ My son was rather embarrassed by the fact that she wouldn’t accept his sweets，and then he said slowly to me，“We go to the same school，Mom.” And I suddenly remembered I had seen the little girl in my son’s school before.
When we left the supermarket，I explained to my son，“People in the world today are not so open to kindness because their thoughts and opinions have been shaped by the past.” And I told him not to be embarrassed.“They might have been unfriendly，but I’m sure we made them moved in some way.And the young girl will remember you as the boy with a kind heart when she meets you at school！” I said and he nodded.
A. In a supermarket. B. In a park.
C. In a school. D. In a library.
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“He had won some sweets in a prize machine in the local supermarket...”和最后一段第一句“When we left the supermarket...”可知，故事发生在一家超市里。故选A。
A
A. angry B. disappointed
C. surprised D. excited
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“We went to his daughter，but to my surprise，the little girl wouldn’t accept the sweets！ ”可知，当小女孩拒绝作者 的儿子给的糖果时，作者感到很惊讶。故选C。
C
A. the little girl doesn’t like sweets
B. the little girl’s father is very rude
C. the little boy and the little girl are schoolmates
D. the little girl felt sad because she didn’t win any sweets
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第二、三句“...and then he said slowly to me，‘We go to the same school，Mom.’ And I suddenly remembered I had seen the little girl in my son’s school before.”可知，小男孩和小女孩在同一所学校上 学，故他们是校友。故选C。
C
A. Uncertain. B. Dishonest.
C. Angry. D. Sad.
【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在句“He was hesitant because he was a shy little boy，but he said yes after I encouraged him a bit.”可知，作者的儿子 最开始有点儿犹豫，但在作者的鼓励下，他答应了。故画线单词意为“犹豫 的”，与uncertain意思接近。故选A。
A
A. To tell her son that people were not friendly at that time.
B. To tell her son that it’s not good to live in the past.
C. To tell her son not to meet the little girl again.
D. To tell her son that his kindness will be remembered.
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“They might have been unfriendly，but I’m sure we made them moved in some way.And the young girl will remember you as the boy with a kind heart when she meets you at school！”可知，作者说 这段话是想让她的儿子明白他的善良会被铭记。故选D。
D
Passage 5
　　On November 25，2025，at 12：11 Beijing time，China launched the Shenzhou －22 spacecraft from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.Carried by the Long March －2F rocket，it entered the predetermined orbit 10 minutes after liftoff.This was China’s first emergency launch in its manned space program，and the Shenzhou－22 flew in an unmanned state.
It carried nearly 600 kilograms of cargo，such as astronaut food，medical supplies，fresh fruit，and special devices for the Shenzhou－20’s window crack.The spacecraft used an innovative “unmanned ascent，manned descent” model and will bring back the Shenzhou－21 crew.It completed a 2－hour rapid docking with the space station，showing China’s great progress in space technology.
A. 10 minutes after liftoff. B. 2 hours after liftoff.
C. 12 minutes after launch. D. 3.5 hours after launch.
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“...it entered the predetermined orbit 10 minutes after liftoff.”可知，A项正确。故选A。
A
A. To carry new astronauts to the space station.
B. To bring back the Shenzhou－21 crew.
C. To test a new Long March rocket.
D. To build the new module of the space station.
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“It carried nearly 600 kilograms of car go...for the Shenzhou－20’s window crack...will bring back the Shenzhou－21 crew.”可知，发射神舟二十二号的目的是带回神舟二十一机组成员。故选B。
B
A. It carried 3 astronauts to the space station.
B. It will stay in the orbit for 6 months.
C. It was prepared for emergency needs.
D. It is China’s first unmanned spacecraft.
【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“This was China’s first emergency launch in its manned space program，and the Shenzhou－22 flew in an unmanned state.”可推测，神舟二十二号是为应急做准备的。故选C。
C
A. A path changed during the flight.
B. A path planned before the launch.
C. A path that is very far from the earth.
D. A path with many space debris.
【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在句“Carried by the Long March 2F rocket，it entered the predetermined orbit 10 minutes after liftoff.”可知，神舟 二十二号在发射后10分钟内就进入了预设轨道。由此可猜测，画线短语意为“预 设轨道”，与B项意思相近。故选B。
B
A. The Shenzhou－21 crew’s in－orbit tasks.
B. The launch and key information of the Shenzhou－22.
C. The history of China’s manned space program.
D. How to dock a spacecraft with the space station.
【解析】主旨大意题。阅读全文可知，文章围绕神舟二十二号的发射时间、 地点等信息及发射神舟二十三号的目的等展开。因此，B项最能概括文章主 旨。故选B。
B
Passage 6
（2025届安徽省中职“江淮十校”第三次学情监测）
Every day
Chicken burger 　　　　 $5.00
Beef & bacon burger $5.00
Chicken chips $3.00
Sweet chilli chicken roll $5.00
Pie $4.00
Sausage roll $3.00
Chicken ham roll $5.00 Drinks
Large milk 　　　　 　$3.50
Small milk $2.30
Water $2.00
Oat milk $3.50
Aqua water $3.00
Breakfast
Hash brown 　 　　　　$7.00
Ham & cheese toastie $3.00
Chicken cheese mayo toastie $3.00 Sweet tooth
Frozen yogurt　 　　　 　$2.50
（Mango，raspberry，strawberry）
Swing $2.50
（Chocolate，strawberry）
Cookie $1.00
Lamington 50 cents
Others
Icy cup 　　　　 　 　80 cents
A. The hash brown. B. The beef & bacon burger.
C. The chicken ham roll. D. The sweet chilli chicken roll.
【解析】细节理解题。根据表格中所列举的食物和饮料的价格可判断得知， Hash brown的价格最高。故选A。
A
A. $3.00 B. $7.80
C. $7.00 D. $9.80
【解析】推理判断题。根据表格中所列举的食物和饮料的价格可知，Chicken burger的价格是5美元，一杯牛奶的最低价格是2.30美元，一份甜品的最低价格 是50美分。通过计算可知，最少要花7.80美元。故选B。
B
A. breakfast B. yogurts C. drinks D. salad
【解析】细节理解题。表格中列举的内容没有涉及沙拉。故选D。
D
A. The sausage roll and large milk.
B. The pie and aqua water.
C. The chicken ham roll and swing.
D. The chicken chips，oat milk and an icy cup.
【解析】推理判断题。根据表格中列举的食物和饮料的价格可计算得知，A 项总价6.50美元；B项总价7.00美元；C项总价7.50美元；D项总价7.30美 元。故选A。
A
A. an advertisement B. a poster
C. a menu D. an instruction
【解析】推理判断题。根据表格中所列举的内容可判断得知，这是一家餐厅的菜 单。故选C。
C
Passage 7
　　After my family moved to America，I had a part－time job as a waiter in a Chinese restaurant.One time，when I was serving food to a middle－aged couple，the wife asked me how the food could be served so quickly.I told her that I always respect the elderly.As soon as I said that，her face showed great displeasure.My manager， who happened to hear what I said，took me aside and gave me a long lecture about how sensitive（敏感的） Americans are and how they dislike the description “old”.I then walked back to the table and apologized to the wife.After the couple heard my reason，they understood that the problem was caused by cultural differences，so they laughed and were no longer angry.
　　In my village in China，people are proud of being old.Not so many people live to be seventy or eighty，and people who reach such an age have the most knowledge and experience.Young people always respect older people because they know they can learn from their rich experience.
　　However，in the United States，people think “growing old” is a problem since “old” shows that a person is going to retire or that the body is not working well.Here many people try to keep themselves away from growing old by doing exercises or jogging，and women put on makeup，hoping to look young.When I told the couple in the restaurant that I respect the elderly，they got angry because this caused them to feel they had failed to stay young.I had told them something they didn’t want to hear.
　　After that，I changed the way I had been with older people.It is not that I don’t respect them any more；I still respect them，but now I don’t show my feelings through words.
A. felt very pleased B. disliked the description “old”
C. showed great displeasure D. felt very satisfied
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第四句“As soon as I said that，her face showed great displeasure.”可知，C项正确。故选C。
C
A. The writer’s rudeness B. Cultural differences
C. The couple’s bad temper D. The couple’s bad mood
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“After the couple heard my reason，they understood that the problem was caused by cultural differences...”可知，他们之间的误会是由文化差异引起的。故选B。
B
A. people dislike being called “old”
B. people are proud of being old
C. not so many people reach the age of seventy or eighty
D. the elderly are the first to get food in restaurants
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段所讲述的种种因年老而产生的问题可知，美国 人不喜欢被称为“老年人”。故选A。
A
A. lost his/her job in the restaurant
B. made friends with the couple
C. no longer respected the elderly
D. changed his/her way with older people
【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“After that，I changed the way I had been with older people.”可知，D项正确。故选D。
D
A. In the writer’s village，old people have the most knowledge and experience.
B. The writer doesn’t show his/her feelings through words after this experience.
C. The manager went back to the table and apologized to the couple.
D. From this experience，the writer learned more about American culture.
【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段倒数第二句“I then walked back to the table and apologized to the wife.”可知，是作者自己而不是经理去道歉的，C项表达 有误。故选C。
C
Passage 8
Nowadays AI is popular with people all over the world.AI can help teenagers and students learn in several ways.
Personalized（个性化的） learning：AI can know better about students， including their advantages，weaknesses，skills，learning favorites，learning needs and so on.They can wor

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