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贵州省黔西南州2024-2025学年八年级下学期期末检测英语试题
一、第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文前的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一个为多余选项。
A. playing B. helped C. and D. on E. with F. While
Julie is a cute girl, with big eyes and straight blond hair. She lives in New York　1． 　 her mother.
It was a Sunday. Julie was　2． 　 with her friend, Becky, in the living room. Julie's mother wanted to get some fruit for them. She fell down　3． 　 the way to the kitchen. Julie found her mother couldn't move or speak.
She soon called 911.　4． 　 Julie was waiting for help, she did CPR (心肺复苏) on her mother with Becky. Soon the doctors came and took Julie's mother to the hospital.
Her mother got her life back. Julie is only eight years old. How did she know CPR Julie said, "My mother and I often watch a TV show every Saturday　5． 　 I learned it from the show."
Julie's mother thanked her daughter for calling 911 and doing CPR. She might also need to thank the TV show.
二、第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Fangfang, a 15-year-old Chinese girl, 6． eating snacks very much. She 7． cream biscuits, hamburgers and fried chicken. Sometimes she eats two 8． of cake a day. As a result, she has become 9． .
Today in China, there are many children like Fangfang. They like snacks. They don't eat 10． healthy food like fruit and vegetables. It's very 11． for their health. Poor eating habits are a(n) 12． problem.
Health experts 13． that children should have healthy eating habits. First, they must eat meals 14． and begin with a healthy breakfast. Second, they should have 15． kinds of foods such as fruit, vegetables, grain, eggs, milk and meat. Third, children shouldn't eat too much junk food. They are delicious, but eating them often is bad for children's health.
If children do as the experts say, they won't become overweight. They will be healthier. Students won't become tired at school, and they will have enough energy to study well.
6．A．hates B．enjoys C．avoids
7．A．refuses B．prefers C．forgets
8．A．bags B．boxes C．pieces
9．A．active B．overweight C．energetic
10．A．enough B．little C．fresh
11．A．good B．bad C．helpful
12．A．simple B．serious C．interesting
13．A．doubt B．suggest C．promise
14．A．quickly B．regularly C．suddenly
15．A．same B．cheap C．different
三、A
You wake up and don't feel well. You have a headache and don't want to get out of bed. And you can't breathe out of your nose. What's wrong You may have a cold!
Signs (迹象) of a cold low fever ※ sore throat ※ coughing ※ runny nose ※ watery eyes ※ feeling cold, tired and not hungry ※ hard to breathe because of your stuffy (不通的) nose
Hot drinks make you cough less, and your sore throat will be better, so have some chicken soup. A steamy shower (热水澡) helps our nose feel better. Have a good rest. Go to bed a little earlier for a few nights. If you're stressed, you will feel worse when you have a cold. So try to relax and use the time to read, listen to music or watch a movie.
16．Which may NOT be a sign of a cold
A．Having a sore throat.
B．Always feeling hungry.
C．Getting a bad cough.
17．When your nose is stuffy, ________.
A．it's difficult for you to breathe
B．you'll have a high fever
C．it's hard for you to hear clearly
18．The underlined word "stressed" means "________" in Chinese.
A．瞌睡的 B．焦虑的 C．放松的
19．The last part is mainly about ________.
A．why we should develop healthy habits
B．why young children like us catch a cold easily
C．what we can do to feel better if we have a cold
四、B
With the growing interest in traditional culture, China-chic (新中式), or the new Chinese style of clothing, is becoming popular among young Chinese during this year's Spring Festival.
We can easily find people wearing new Chinese-style clothes everywhere—at restaurants, shops, popular places of interest and so on.
What is China-chic In fact, it is a mix of modern design with Chinese traditional elements (元素), such as Chinese pared with Hanfu, it is simpler and more practical.
According to data from Douyin, the videos about "China-chic" or "new Chinese-style" received more than 500 million views during a shopping festival from January 13 to 28 this year. Sales increased 21 times, comparing with the same period last year. Many people call the trend "bloodline awakening (血脉觉醒)".
In young people's mind, the new Chinese-style clothing is less serious than the other traditional clothing, making it possible for them to work or study. Zhu Chen, a 24-year-old woman, said, "In the past, people always thought that wearing designed brands was the only way to show good taste. However, nowadays, many young people prefer to wear this kind of clothing that shows Chinese culture when going out, even when travelling to other countries. Most importantly, cultural confidence is the main reason why China-chic is so popular. However, we still have a long way to go. As it becomes a part of people's lives, we are sure to have more China-chic clothes to show Chinese beauty in the future."
20．Where did young people wear new Chinese-style clothes during Spring Festival
A．Only at traditional ceremonies.
B．In restaurants, shops, and tourist spots.
C．Mainly at international fashion shows.
21．How is China-chic different from Hanfu
A．It uses more ancient patterns.
B．It is simpler and more practical.
C．It is only worn during festivals.
22．What do Douyin's data show about China-chic videos
A．Sales dropped by 21%.
B．They got over 500 million views.
C．They were popular only abroad.
23．What is the main purpose of the last paragraph
A．To criticize the design of China-chic.
B．To compare modern and traditional clothing.
C．To emphasize (强调) cultural confidence and future development.
五、C
It's a usual scene in movies and cartoons. A man is walking in a desert, looking for water, when up ahead, he sees a land with water. But there is no land — no water at all, not even a small pool. It was just a mirage (海市蜃楼).
How does a mirage happen The light and air play with our eyes. Normally, light travels in a straight line as a rule, but it can bend and change directions depending on what it passes through. This bending is called "refraction (折射)".
If different layers of air (大气层) are at different temperatures, light will bend at different angles (角度) when passing through them. This can create a false image of things around.
Mirages can be seen not only over water, but anywhere that can take in a lot of heat, for example, on hot roads. The next time you think you see a pool of water on the road on a hot summer day, you will know it's just a mirage — an image of the sky caused by bending light.
Mirage is the magic of nature. When you meet it next time, just take a photo and enjoy the beautiful moment.
24．In paragraph 1, the writer uses the scene to ________.
A．share the experience in a desert
B．introduce what a mirage is
C．show when a mirage happens
25．How does light travel normally
A． B． C．
26．The underlined word "them" in paragraph 3 refers to different ________.
A．air layers B．angles C．temperatures
27．You probably read the text in _________.
A．Crazy Animals B．Modern Art C．Amazing Nature
六、第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
Do you want to be a volunteer Maybe you need some ideas. Here is some advice.
　28． 　 Be a big brother or sister at an after-school care center. You can help little kids to learn or play with them.
Give back during the holidays. Serve dinner for the homeless, volunteer at an old people's home, or give out toys to kids.
Help at an animal shelter (庇护所). 　29． 　 And when you're walking dogs, you get some exercise, too.
Protect the environment. Take part in a park clean-up day. 　30． 　 Join a group to work together to protect a river.
Help sick people. 　31． 　 When you cheer sick people up, you also feel happy.
　32． 　 If you have several hobbies, find a way to do them all. For example, if you love kids and are good at painting and dancing, visit a children's hospital and teach them these interesting things.
A. Plant a tree.
B. Help kids learn and grow.
C. Make workers there happy.
D. Helping others can make you feel good.
E. Combine your hobbies with volunteering.
F. Most shelters depend on volunteers to keep the cats and dogs happy and take them to exercise.
七、第三节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，根据其内容填空和回答问题。（1至4题每空不超过3个词，第5题回答问题。）
Russian student Kirill Kravtsov, known by his Chinese name Lin Zirui, is studying at Peking University now. For him, reading is a very important way of building cultural bridges between countries and encouraging mutual understanding (促进相互理解).
In his conversations with students and teachers, he often introduces Russian literature (文学). He can listen to their opinions of Chinese works, and find resonance (共鸣) in books from different countries and of different types of writing.
"When we bring Chinese and Russian literature to the same table, different opinions naturally arise. Through such communication, we learn to respect differences and keep improving ourselves," Kirill says.
Among Russian-language writers, he loves Tolstoy and Dostoevsky. For example, he realized the treasure of human relationships in times of war from Tolstoy's War and Peace.
"These reading experiences in my first tongue allowed me to continue to explore humanity and find spiritual resonance with my home culture during my study in China," he said.
After coming to China, Chinese literature opened a new world for Kirill. He speaks of finding humor and resilience (坚韧) in Lao She's Ricksha Boy (《骆驼祥子》, which says "even the greatest difficulties can be slept through," or seeing the changes of cities and lives in Eileen Chang's works.
"Reading in a foreign language not only improves my language skills, but also allows me to think about the meaning of fate (命运) and life carefully through a Chinese point of view," he adds.
33．Kirill is 　 　.
34．Kirill sees reading as a way to 　 　 between countries.
35．In discussions, Kirill frequently introduces 　 　.
36．From War and Peace, Kirill learned the value of 　 　.
37．Do you like reading in a foreign language Why or why not
　 　
八、我们的校园生活丰富多彩，相信你也迫不及待想要跟远在英国的笔友分享了：
38．我们的老师不仅和蔼可亲，同时对学生的要求也很严格。
Our teachers are all kind and 　 　　 　 the students.
39．如果我们在学习或生活中遇到困难，可以向同学或老师们求助。
If we meet troubles in life or study, we can always 　 　　 　 our classmates or teachers.
40．我们可以演一部短剧，就像我们在英语角做的那样。
We can 　 　　 　 a short play, just as we do at the English Corner.
41．充分利用好时间可以让我们的学习更高效。
　 　　 　 use of time can make us study more efficiently.
42．我以前经常回避挑战，但现在我把挑战视为学习和成长的机会。
I 　 　　 　 avoid challenges, but now I regard challenges as chances to learn and grow.
九、第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Eliza's parents would go to California for work this summer. They would be so busy because　43． 　 all the meetings. Eliza wouldn't have　44． 　 (some) fun if she went with them.
"Dad, if I can't go with you and Mom, I'd like to go to the summer camp of a soccer club. My friend Madeline is going there too, so at least I know someone there, even if I'm not very good at soccer," said Eliza. "Eliza, I think you'll do　45． 　 (good)," said Dad. "I know you will feel a little nervous when you go to a new place and meet so many new people. I think you'll be happy　46． 　 you do it. Besides, I've seen you play soccer. You're really more talented (有天赋的) than you think you are."
When Eliza and Madeline arrived at the camp, they saw that two girls from their class were also there. That made them much　47． 　 (happy). On the first day of the camp, the teachers let the girls　48． 　 (choose) teams. Eliza was surprised that she was chosen as the leader (领导者) of her team. That afternoon, the girls practiced several times. Eliza was the first one to finish the tasks (任务). She did　49． 　 (she) best to cheer on her teammates.
At the end of the first practice,　50． 　 shy girl named Annie came to Eliza. "I just want to say thanks for helping us," said Annie. "I was really nervous about coming to the camp, but you made me feel so　51． 　 (relax)."
Eliza couldn't help　52． 　 (laugh). Yes! Just as her father said, "You're really more talented than you think you are." Give the talent a shot, give it time, and then you'll be surprised how far it can go.
十、第五部分 写作（满分25分）
53．在人际交往中，我们有时会遇到困难，但积极的态度，正向的表达和巧妙的技巧能帮助我们有效沟通、解决问题。希望中学校报正在开展以"有效沟通，用心交流"为主题的英文写作比赛。假设你是李华，请根据下列要求，写一篇短文投稿，分享你生活中一次有效沟通的经历以及你的收获，词数80左右。
注意事项：（1）必须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥；
（2）开头已给出，不计入总词数；
（3）请勿在文中使用真实的姓名和校名。
Effective communication plays an important role in solving problems and building relationships. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案解析部分
【答案】1．E；2．A；3．D；4．F；5．C
【知识点】记叙文；急救技能
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了八岁女孩Julie在母亲摔倒后，利用从电视节目中学到的心肺复苏术（CPR）并拨打911救助母亲，成功救回母亲生命的感人故事。
A. playing 玩耍；B. helped 帮助；C. and 和/并且；D. on 在……上；E. with 和……一起；F. While 当……时候1、
【点评】考查选词填空。首先通读全文，了解文章大意；然后逐一分析每个空格所在句的句意和语法结构，判断所缺词的词性；再结合上下文语境和固定搭配来确定正确选项；最后将答案代入原文通读检查，确保语意通顺、语法正确。
1．句意：她和她的妈妈住在纽约。live with sb.意为"和某人住在一起"，是固定搭配。故答案为：E。
2．句意：Julie正和她的朋友Becky在客厅里玩。句中有was，后面需要接现在分词构成过去进行时，表示过去某时正在做的事。固定搭配play with sb.意为"和某人一起玩"。故答案为：A。
3．句意：她在去厨房的路上摔倒了。固定搭配on the way to...意为"在去……的路上"，此处需填介词on。故答案为：D。
4．句意：当Julie在等待救援时，她和Becky一起对母亲做了心肺复苏。根据"___ Julie was waiting for help, she did CPR on her mother"可知，前后两个动作同时发生，"等待救援"和"做心肺复苏"是同时进行的，需要用While引导时间状语从句，表示"当……时候"。故答案为：F。
5．句意：我妈妈和我每周六经常看一个电视节目，我从那个节目中学到了（心肺复苏）。根据"My mother and I often watch a TV show every Saturday ___ I learned it from the show"可知，前后两个句子是并列、顺承关系，前句说"经常看电视节目"，后句说"从中学到了"，需要用连词and连接两个并列的句子。故答案为：C。
【答案】6．B；7．B；8．C；9．B；10．A；11．B；12．B；13．B；14．B；15．C
【知识点】议论文；饮食习惯；身体健康
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文以15岁中国女孩Fangfang爱吃零食导致超重为例，说明中国许多孩子存在不健康的饮食习惯，并引用健康专家的建议，倡导孩子们养成健康的饮食习惯。
【点评】考查完形填空。先通读全文把握大意，再据上下文语境和逻辑关系判断所缺词的含义，结合固定搭配确定正确选项。
6．句意：Fangfang，一个15岁的中国女孩，非常喜欢吃零食。A. hates讨厌；B. enjoys喜欢；C. avoids避免。根据后文"She prefers cream biscuits, hamburgers and fried chicken."可知，她是喜欢吃零食的，enjoy doing sth.意为"喜欢做某事"。故答案为：B。
7．句意：她更喜欢奶油饼干、汉堡和炸鸡。A. refuses拒绝；B. prefers更喜欢；C. forgets忘记。根据上文"enjoys eating snacks very much"可知，此处是在具体说明她喜欢什么零食，prefer意为"更喜欢"，符合语境。故答案为：B。
8．句意：有时她一天吃两块蛋糕。A. bags袋；B. boxes盒；C. pieces块/片。根据"two ___ of cake"可知，蛋糕的量词应用pieces，two pieces of cake意为"两块蛋糕"，是固定搭配。故答案为：C。
9．句意：结果，她变得超重了。A. active活跃的；B. overweight超重的；C. energetic精力充沛的。根据上文"Sometimes she eats two pieces of cake a day."以及"As a result"可知，吃太多零食的结果是变胖，且文章最后一句"they won't become overweight"也印证了此处应选overweight。故答案为：B。
10．句意：他们不吃足够的健康食物，比如水果和蔬菜。A. enough足够的；B. little几乎没有的；C. fresh新鲜的。根据上文"They like snacks."可知，他们喜欢零食而不吃健康食物，因此是"不吃足够的健康食物"，enough意为"足够的"，符合语境。故答案为：A。
11．句意：这对他们的健康非常不好。A. good好的；B. bad不好的；C. helpful有帮助的。根据前文"They don't eat enough healthy food like fruit and vegetables."可知，不吃健康食物对健康是有害的，be bad for意为"对……有害"。故答案为：B。
12．句意：不良的饮食习惯是一个严重的问题。A. simple简单的；B. serious严重的；C. interesting有趣的。根据"there are many children like Fangfang."，以及后文健康专家给出建议可知，这是一个需要重视的问题。故答案为：B。
13．句意：健康专家建议孩子们应该有健康的饮食习惯。A. doubt怀疑；B. suggest建议；C. promise承诺。根据后文"First...Second...Third..."（首先……其次……第三……）可知，这是专家给出的建议。故答案为：B。
14．句意：首先，他们必须有规律地吃饭，并且从健康的早餐开始。A. quickly快速地；B. regularly有规律地；C. suddenly突然地。根据"begin with a healthy breakfast"可知，专家建议的是有规律地饮食，故答案为：B。
15．句意：其次，他们应该吃不同种类的食物，比如水果、蔬菜、谷物、鸡蛋、牛奶和肉类。A. same相同的；B. cheap便宜的；C. different不同的。根据后文"such as fruit, vegetables, grain, eggs, milk and meat"可知，这些是不同种类的食物。故答案为：C。
【答案】16．B
17．A
18．B
19．C
【知识点】说明文；疾病与防治；细节理解；词义猜测；段落大意
【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了感冒的迹象（如低烧、喉咙痛、咳嗽、流鼻涕、流泪、鼻塞等）以及感冒时的应对方法（喝热饮、洗热水澡、好好休息、放松心情等）。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解文章大意和结构；然后仔细审题，抓住题干中的关键词；再回到原文中定位相关信息，找到与题目对应的原句进行比对分析；最后排除干扰项，确定正确答案。
16．细节理解题。根据文中"Signs of a cold"部分中的"※ feeling cold, tired and not hungry"（感到寒冷、疲倦且不想吃东西）可知，感冒时的症状是不想吃东西，而不是"总是感到饿"。A项"喉咙痛"和C项"严重咳嗽"都在感冒迹象列表中。故答案为：B。
17．细节理解题。根据文中"※ hard to breathe because of your stuffy nose"（因为鼻子不通而难以呼吸）可知，当鼻子不通时，呼吸会变得困难。故答案为：A。
18．词义猜测题。根据文中"you will feel worse when you have a cold. So try to relax..."（感冒时你会感觉更糟。所以试着放松……）可知，后文说要"relax（放松）"，说明stressed与relax是反义关系，即stressed意为"有压力的、焦虑的"。故答案为：B。
19．段落大意题。文章最后一部分依次介绍了四种应对感冒的方法："Hot drinks make you cough less"（热饮减少咳嗽）、"A steamy shower helps our nose feel better"（热水澡让鼻子好受些）、"Have a good rest"（好好休息）、"try to relax"（试着放松）。这些都是感冒时可以做的事情，目的是让自己感觉好一些。故答案为：C。
【答案】20．B
21．B
22．B
23．C
【知识点】说明文；中国传统文化与礼仪习俗；文化差异与文化自信；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文围绕"新中式"（China-chic）服装在年轻人中日益流行的现象展开，介绍了新中式的定义、流行数据、年轻人喜爱的原因以及其背后的文化自信。（1）、
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解文章大意和结构；然后仔细审题，抓住题干中的关键词（如Where、How、Douyin's data、last paragraph等）；再回到原文中定位相关信息，找到与题目对应的原句进行比对分析，注意排除与原文矛盾或无关的干扰项；最后确定答案。
20．细节理解题。根据文中"We can easily find people wearing new Chinese-style clothes everywhere—at restaurants, shops, popular places of interest and so on."（我们可以很容易地在到处看到人们穿着新中式服装——在餐厅、商店、热门景点等等）可知，年轻人在餐厅、商店和旅游景点穿新中式服装。故答案为：B。
21．细节理解题。根据文中"Compared with Hanfu, it is simpler and more practical."（与汉服相比，它更简单、更实用）可知，新中式与汉服的区别在于更简单实用。故答案为：B。
22．细节理解题。根据文中"According to data from Douyin, the videos about 'China-chic' or 'new Chinese-style' received more than 500 million views during a shopping festival"（根据抖音的数据，关于"新中式"的视频在购物节期间获得了超过5亿次观看）可知，抖音数据显示新中式视频获得了超过5亿次观看。故答案为：B。
23．推理判断题。根据最后一段中"Most importantly, cultural confidence is the main reason why China-chic is so popular."（最重要的是，文化自信是新中式如此流行的主要原因）以及"we are sure to have more China-chic clothes to show Chinese beauty in the future."（我们确信未来会有更多新中式服装来展示中国之美）可知，最后一段的主要目的是强调文化自信和未来发展。故答案为：C。
【答案】24．B
25．A
26．A
27．C
【知识点】自然现象；细节理解；推理判断；代词指代；文章出处
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇科普说明文，通过电影和卡通中常见的沙漠海市蜃楼场景引入话题，解释了海市蜃楼产生的科学原理（光的折射），并说明了其在现实生活中的其他表现形式。
【点评】考查阅读理解。做此类科普文章阅读题的方法是：首先快速通读全文，抓住文章的主题（本文是关于海市蜃楼的科普）；然后针对每一道题，回到原文寻找对应的依据（定位法），特别是细节题要找到原句比对；对于代词指代题，要往前文找名词；对于出处题，要根据文章的主题词（如nature, science等）来判断。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段"It's a usual scene in movies and cartoons... It was just a mirage (海市蜃楼)."（这是电影和卡通中常见的场景……那只是海市蜃楼），可知作者通过描述这个常见的场景是为了引出本文的主题——什么是海市蜃楼。故答案为：B。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段"Normally, light travels in a straight line as a rule..."（通常，光通常是沿直线传播的……），可知光正常传播是沿直线的。A图是直线。故答案为：A。
26．代词指代题。根据第三段"If different layers of air (大气层) are at different temperatures, light will bend at different angles (角度) when passing through them."（如果不同层的空气处于不同的温度，光在穿过它们时会以不同的角度弯曲），可知这里的them指代前文提到的different layers of air。故答案为：A。
27．文章出处题。根据最后一段"Mirage is the magic of nature."（海市蜃楼是大自然的魔力）以及全文对自然现象的科学解释，可知这篇文章最可能出现在关于自然的版块。故答案为：C。
【答案】28．B；29．F；30．A；31．D；32．E
【知识点】说明文；志愿服务与公共服务
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇关于如何成为志愿者的建议性文章，列举了五种不同的志愿服务方式（课后托管中心、节假日服务、动物收容所、环保活动、帮助病人），并分别给出了相应的具体建议。
A. Plant a tree. 种一棵树。
B. Help kids learn and grow. 帮助孩子们学习和成长。
C. Make workers there happy. 让那里的工作人员开心。
D. Helping others can make you feel good. 帮助他人能让你感觉良好。
E. Combine your hobbies with volunteering. 将你的爱好与志愿服务结合起来。
F. Most shelters depend on volunteers to keep the cats and dogs happy and take them to exercise. 大多数收容所依靠志愿者让猫狗开心并带它们去锻炼。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。首先通读全文，了解文章的整体结构和每一段的大意；然后阅读所给选项，理解每个句子的意思；接着回到原文，根据空格前后的关键词在文中寻找对应的线索，通过上下文逻辑关系来确定正确答案；最后将选出的句子代入原文通读，检查是否通顺。
28．根据第1点建议 "Be a big brother or sister at an after-school care center. You can help little kids to learn or play with them."（在课后托管中心做大哥哥或大姐姐。你可以帮助小孩子学习或和他们玩耍。）可知，这一段的主题是关于帮助孩子。B选项 "Help kids learn and grow"（帮助孩子们学习和成长）概括了这一段的核心内容。故答案为：B。
29．根据第3点建议 "Help at an animal shelter... And when you're walking dogs, you get some exercise, too."（在动物收容所帮忙……当你遛狗时，你也得到了锻炼。）可知，这一段提到了动物收容所和遛狗。F选项 "Most shelters depend on volunteers to keep the cats and dogs happy and take them to exercise."（大多数收容所依靠志愿者让猫狗开心并带它们去锻炼。）中提到了shelters（收容所）、cats and dogs（猫狗）以及exercise（锻炼），与上下文完美衔接。故答案为：F。
30．根据第4点建议 "Protect the environment. Take part in a park clean-up day... Join a group to work together to protect a river."（保护环境。参加公园清洁日……加入一个小组共同保护一条河流。）可知，这一段的主题是环保。A选项 "Plant a tree."（种一棵树。）是具体的环保行动，符合语境。故答案为：A。
31．根据第5点建议 "Help sick people... When you cheer sick people up, you also feel happy."（帮助病人……当你让病人振作起来时，你也会感到快乐。）可知，这一段讲的是帮助病人带来的心理感受。D选项 "Helping others can make you feel good."（帮助他人能让你感觉良好。）是对后文 "you also feel happy" 的总结。故答案为：D。
32．根据最后一段 "If you have several hobbies, find a way to do them all. For example, if you love kids and are good at painting and dancing, visit a children's hospital and teach them these interesting things."（如果你有几个爱好，想办法把它们都做了。例如，如果你爱孩子且擅长画画和跳舞，就去儿童医院教他们这些有趣的东西。）可知，这一段建议将个人爱好融入志愿服务中。E选项 "Combine your hobbies with volunteering."（将你的爱好与志愿服务结合起来。）概括了这一段的主旨。故答案为：E。
【答案】33．Russian
34．build cultural bridges
35．Russian literature
36．human relationships
37．Yes, I do. Because it can improve my language skills and help me understand different cultures.
【知识点】记叙文；跨文化沟通与交流
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了俄罗斯留学生Kirill（林梓瑞）在北京大学的学习生活，重点讲述了他如何通过阅读中俄文学作品来搭建文化桥梁、促进相互理解，并分享了他从《战争与和平》和老舍、张爱玲的作品中获得的感悟。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。首先通读全文，掌握文章大意；然后仔细审题，根据题干中的关键词如Russian, reading, War and Peace等回到原文定位相关句子；提取关键信息作答。
33．根据文中第一句"Russian student Kirill Kravtsov..."（俄罗斯学生Kirill Kravtsov……）可知，他是俄罗斯人。故答案为：Russian。
34．根据文中"For him, reading is a very important way of building cultural bridges between countries..."（对他来说，阅读是在国家之间搭建文化桥梁的一种非常重要的方式……）可知，阅读是搭建文化桥梁的方式。故答案为：build cultural bridges。
35．根据文中"In his conversations with students and teachers, he often introduces Russian literature."（在与师生的交谈中，他经常介绍俄罗斯文学。）可知，他经常介绍俄罗斯文学。故答案为：Russian literature。
36．根据文中"he realized the treasure of human relationships in times of war from Tolstoy's War and Peace."（他从托尔斯泰的《战争与和平》中意识到了战时人际关系的宝藏。）可知，他学到了人际关系的价值。故答案为：human relationships。
37．问题意为"你喜欢用外语阅读吗？为什么喜欢或为什么不喜欢？"。这是一个主观题，只要言之有理即可。根据文中Kirill的观点，可以回答喜欢，因为能提高语言技能或了解文化；也可以回答不喜欢，因为太难或没兴趣。故答案为：Yes, I do. Because it can improve my language skills and help me understand different cultures.
38．【答案】strict；with
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少英语"对……严格"的表达。固定短语 be strict with sb. 意为"对某人严格"。句故答案为：strict with。
【点评】考查汉译英。根据汉语提示匹配相应的英语，注意固定搭配 be strict with sb.对某人要求严格。
39．【答案】turn；to
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少英语"向……求助"的表达。固定短语 turn to sb. 意为"向某人求助"。can 是情态动词，后面跟动词原形。故答案为：turn to。
【点评】考查汉译英。根据汉语提示匹配相应的英语，注意固定搭配 turn to sb.向某人求助。
40．【答案】put；on
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少英语"上演"的表达。固定短语 put on 意为"上演（戏剧等）"。can 是情态动词，后面跟动词原形。故答案为：put on。
【点评】考查汉译英。根据汉语提示匹配相应的英语，注意固定搭配 put on a play上演短剧。
41．【答案】Making；good
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少英语"充分利用"的表达。固定短语 make good use of 意为"充分利用"。句子中"充分利用好时间"作主语，动词 make 需用动名词形式 Making，且位于句首首字母需大写。故答案为：Making good。
【点评】考查汉译英。根据汉语提示匹配相应的英语，注意固定搭配 make good use of充分利用，注意动名词作主语的用法。
42．【答案】used；to
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少英语"过去常常"的表达。固定短语 used to do sth. 意为"过去常常做某事"。故答案为：used to。
【点评】考查汉译英。根据汉语提示匹配相应的英语，注意固定搭配 used to do sth.。
【答案】43．of；44．any；45．well；46．if；47．happier；48．choose；49．her；50．a；51．relaxed；52．laughing
【知识点】记叙文；假期计划；自我认识；自我提升
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了Eliza今年夏天因为父母去加州工作而不能同行，她选择参加足球俱乐部的夏令营。在营地里，她意外地被选为队长，并努力鼓励队友，最后她的表现不仅让队友感到放松，也让她自己感到惊喜和自信。
【点评】考查语法填空。首先通读全文，把握文章大意和时态；然后逐题分析，根据句意和语法规则确定词形。要注意词性转换（和时态变化；同时根据上下文逻辑和固定搭配（如介词、连词、冠词）来填空。最后通读全文检查答案是否通顺。
43．句意：他们会非常忙，因为有很多会议。because of 是固定短语，意为"因为，由于"，后接名词或名词短语。故答案为：of。
44．句意：如果Eliza和他们一起去，她就不会有任何乐趣。some 通常用于肯定句，any 用于否定句或疑问句。本句是否定句（wouldn't have），故用 any。故答案为：any。
45．句意：Eliza，我认为你会做得很好。good 是形容词，此处修饰动词 do，需要用副词形式 well。故答案为：well。
46．句意：我认为如果你做了（参加夏令营），你会很高兴的。根据句意，这里引导条件状语从句，意为"如果"。故答案为：if。
47．句意：那让她们（Eliza和Madeline）高兴多了。happy 是形容词，much 修饰比较级，表示"……得多"，happy 的比较级是 happier。故答案为：happier。
48．句意：在营地的第一天，老师让女孩们选择队伍。let sb. do sth. 是固定搭配，意为"让某人做某事"，let 后面跟动词原形。故答案为：choose。
49．句意：她尽了最大努力去鼓励她的队友。do one's best 是固定短语，意为"尽某人最大努力"，she 的形容词性物主代词是 her。故答案为：her。
50．句意：在第一次练习结束时，一个叫Annie的害羞女孩来到Eliza面前。girl 是单数可数名词，且 shy 以辅音音素开头，表示泛指"一个"，用不定冠词 a。故答案为：a。
51．句意：我本来对来营地很紧张，但你让我感到很放松。relax 是动词，feel 是系动词，后面接形容词作表语。修饰人（me）感到放松，用 -ed 结尾的形容词 relaxed。故答案为：relaxed。
52．句意：Eliza忍不住笑了。can't help doing sth. 是固定搭配，意为"忍不住做某事"，用 laugh 的动名词形式 laughing。故答案为：laughing。
53．【答案】例文
Effective communication plays an important role in solving problems and building relationships. Here is my experience about effective communication.
Last month, I had a fight with my best friend because of a misunderstanding. Instead of keeping silent, I talked to her honestly. I said I valued our friendship and wanted to clear up the mistake. She explained her feelings too. We both said sorry to each other. Finally, we became good friends again.
This experience taught me that honest communication helps solve problems and makes relationships stronger.
【知识点】提纲作文；材料作文；记叙文；人际关系与交往；同伴间交往的品质
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。要求以"有效沟通，用心交流"为主题，向校报投稿分享一次有效沟通的经历及收获。写作需严格按照提示要点展开：1. 分享一次有效沟通的经历（Share your experience）；2. 谈谈你的感受（Talk about your feelings）。文章首先利用已给出的开头句引入话题；接着具体叙述一次沟通的起因、经过和结果（需注意时态，叙述过去发生的事情通常用一般过去时）；然后谈谈这次经历带给你的感悟或学到的道理（用一般现在时或一般过去时均可）；最后自然结尾。注意不要遗漏任何一个提示要点；避免流水账式的情节描述，要抓重点；注意语言要精炼；确保情节描述中的动词过去式变化正确。
【点评】考查提纲作文。例文是一篇优秀的征文稿，结构紧凑，逻辑清晰。文章开头引入→叙述与朋友争吵的起因（misunderstanding）→沟通的过程（talked honestly, said sorry）→结果（became good friends again）→谈感悟（honest communication）。完全覆盖了所有提示要点。文章选取了与朋友闹矛盾后通过坦诚沟通重归于好的典型事例，贴近学生生活，真实可信。文章使用了"instead of keeping silent"（而不是保持沉默）、"clear up the mistake"（澄清误会）等精彩表达；连接词"Finally"使用恰当，使文章过渡自然。亮点句子："Instead of keeping silent, I talked to her honestly." 这句话体现了积极解决问题的态度，是文章的核心；"This experience taught me that honest communication helps solve problems and makes relationships stronger." 结尾句点明主旨，升华了主题，非常加分。
1 / 1贵州省黔西南州2024-2025学年八年级下学期期末检测英语试题
一、第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文前的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一个为多余选项。
A. playing B. helped C. and D. on E. with F. While
Julie is a cute girl, with big eyes and straight blond hair. She lives in New York　1． 　 her mother.
It was a Sunday. Julie was　2． 　 with her friend, Becky, in the living room. Julie's mother wanted to get some fruit for them. She fell down　3． 　 the way to the kitchen. Julie found her mother couldn't move or speak.
She soon called 911.　4． 　 Julie was waiting for help, she did CPR (心肺复苏) on her mother with Becky. Soon the doctors came and took Julie's mother to the hospital.
Her mother got her life back. Julie is only eight years old. How did she know CPR Julie said, "My mother and I often watch a TV show every Saturday　5． 　 I learned it from the show."
Julie's mother thanked her daughter for calling 911 and doing CPR. She might also need to thank the TV show.
【答案】1．E；2．A；3．D；4．F；5．C
【知识点】记叙文；急救技能
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了八岁女孩Julie在母亲摔倒后，利用从电视节目中学到的心肺复苏术（CPR）并拨打911救助母亲，成功救回母亲生命的感人故事。
A. playing 玩耍；B. helped 帮助；C. and 和/并且；D. on 在……上；E. with 和……一起；F. While 当……时候1、
【点评】考查选词填空。首先通读全文，了解文章大意；然后逐一分析每个空格所在句的句意和语法结构，判断所缺词的词性；再结合上下文语境和固定搭配来确定正确选项；最后将答案代入原文通读检查，确保语意通顺、语法正确。
1．句意：她和她的妈妈住在纽约。live with sb.意为"和某人住在一起"，是固定搭配。故答案为：E。
2．句意：Julie正和她的朋友Becky在客厅里玩。句中有was，后面需要接现在分词构成过去进行时，表示过去某时正在做的事。固定搭配play with sb.意为"和某人一起玩"。故答案为：A。
3．句意：她在去厨房的路上摔倒了。固定搭配on the way to...意为"在去……的路上"，此处需填介词on。故答案为：D。
4．句意：当Julie在等待救援时，她和Becky一起对母亲做了心肺复苏。根据"___ Julie was waiting for help, she did CPR on her mother"可知，前后两个动作同时发生，"等待救援"和"做心肺复苏"是同时进行的，需要用While引导时间状语从句，表示"当……时候"。故答案为：F。
5．句意：我妈妈和我每周六经常看一个电视节目，我从那个节目中学到了（心肺复苏）。根据"My mother and I often watch a TV show every Saturday ___ I learned it from the show"可知，前后两个句子是并列、顺承关系，前句说"经常看电视节目"，后句说"从中学到了"，需要用连词and连接两个并列的句子。故答案为：C。
二、第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Fangfang, a 15-year-old Chinese girl, 6． eating snacks very much. She 7． cream biscuits, hamburgers and fried chicken. Sometimes she eats two 8． of cake a day. As a result, she has become 9． .
Today in China, there are many children like Fangfang. They like snacks. They don't eat 10． healthy food like fruit and vegetables. It's very 11． for their health. Poor eating habits are a(n) 12． problem.
Health experts 13． that children should have healthy eating habits. First, they must eat meals 14． and begin with a healthy breakfast. Second, they should have 15． kinds of foods such as fruit, vegetables, grain, eggs, milk and meat. Third, children shouldn't eat too much junk food. They are delicious, but eating them often is bad for children's health.
If children do as the experts say, they won't become overweight. They will be healthier. Students won't become tired at school, and they will have enough energy to study well.
6．A．hates B．enjoys C．avoids
7．A．refuses B．prefers C．forgets
8．A．bags B．boxes C．pieces
9．A．active B．overweight C．energetic
10．A．enough B．little C．fresh
11．A．good B．bad C．helpful
12．A．simple B．serious C．interesting
13．A．doubt B．suggest C．promise
14．A．quickly B．regularly C．suddenly
15．A．same B．cheap C．different
【答案】6．B；7．B；8．C；9．B；10．A；11．B；12．B；13．B；14．B；15．C
【知识点】议论文；饮食习惯；身体健康
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文以15岁中国女孩Fangfang爱吃零食导致超重为例，说明中国许多孩子存在不健康的饮食习惯，并引用健康专家的建议，倡导孩子们养成健康的饮食习惯。
【点评】考查完形填空。先通读全文把握大意，再据上下文语境和逻辑关系判断所缺词的含义，结合固定搭配确定正确选项。
6．句意：Fangfang，一个15岁的中国女孩，非常喜欢吃零食。A. hates讨厌；B. enjoys喜欢；C. avoids避免。根据后文"She prefers cream biscuits, hamburgers and fried chicken."可知，她是喜欢吃零食的，enjoy doing sth.意为"喜欢做某事"。故答案为：B。
7．句意：她更喜欢奶油饼干、汉堡和炸鸡。A. refuses拒绝；B. prefers更喜欢；C. forgets忘记。根据上文"enjoys eating snacks very much"可知，此处是在具体说明她喜欢什么零食，prefer意为"更喜欢"，符合语境。故答案为：B。
8．句意：有时她一天吃两块蛋糕。A. bags袋；B. boxes盒；C. pieces块/片。根据"two ___ of cake"可知，蛋糕的量词应用pieces，two pieces of cake意为"两块蛋糕"，是固定搭配。故答案为：C。
9．句意：结果，她变得超重了。A. active活跃的；B. overweight超重的；C. energetic精力充沛的。根据上文"Sometimes she eats two pieces of cake a day."以及"As a result"可知，吃太多零食的结果是变胖，且文章最后一句"they won't become overweight"也印证了此处应选overweight。故答案为：B。
10．句意：他们不吃足够的健康食物，比如水果和蔬菜。A. enough足够的；B. little几乎没有的；C. fresh新鲜的。根据上文"They like snacks."可知，他们喜欢零食而不吃健康食物，因此是"不吃足够的健康食物"，enough意为"足够的"，符合语境。故答案为：A。
11．句意：这对他们的健康非常不好。A. good好的；B. bad不好的；C. helpful有帮助的。根据前文"They don't eat enough healthy food like fruit and vegetables."可知，不吃健康食物对健康是有害的，be bad for意为"对……有害"。故答案为：B。
12．句意：不良的饮食习惯是一个严重的问题。A. simple简单的；B. serious严重的；C. interesting有趣的。根据"there are many children like Fangfang."，以及后文健康专家给出建议可知，这是一个需要重视的问题。故答案为：B。
13．句意：健康专家建议孩子们应该有健康的饮食习惯。A. doubt怀疑；B. suggest建议；C. promise承诺。根据后文"First...Second...Third..."（首先……其次……第三……）可知，这是专家给出的建议。故答案为：B。
14．句意：首先，他们必须有规律地吃饭，并且从健康的早餐开始。A. quickly快速地；B. regularly有规律地；C. suddenly突然地。根据"begin with a healthy breakfast"可知，专家建议的是有规律地饮食，故答案为：B。
15．句意：其次，他们应该吃不同种类的食物，比如水果、蔬菜、谷物、鸡蛋、牛奶和肉类。A. same相同的；B. cheap便宜的；C. different不同的。根据后文"such as fruit, vegetables, grain, eggs, milk and meat"可知，这些是不同种类的食物。故答案为：C。
三、A
You wake up and don't feel well. You have a headache and don't want to get out of bed. And you can't breathe out of your nose. What's wrong You may have a cold!
Signs (迹象) of a cold low fever ※ sore throat ※ coughing ※ runny nose ※ watery eyes ※ feeling cold, tired and not hungry ※ hard to breathe because of your stuffy (不通的) nose
Hot drinks make you cough less, and your sore throat will be better, so have some chicken soup. A steamy shower (热水澡) helps our nose feel better. Have a good rest. Go to bed a little earlier for a few nights. If you're stressed, you will feel worse when you have a cold. So try to relax and use the time to read, listen to music or watch a movie.
16．Which may NOT be a sign of a cold
A．Having a sore throat.
B．Always feeling hungry.
C．Getting a bad cough.
17．When your nose is stuffy, ________.
A．it's difficult for you to breathe
B．you'll have a high fever
C．it's hard for you to hear clearly
18．The underlined word "stressed" means "________" in Chinese.
A．瞌睡的 B．焦虑的 C．放松的
19．The last part is mainly about ________.
A．why we should develop healthy habits
B．why young children like us catch a cold easily
C．what we can do to feel better if we have a cold
【答案】16．B
17．A
18．B
19．C
【知识点】说明文；疾病与防治；细节理解；词义猜测；段落大意
【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了感冒的迹象（如低烧、喉咙痛、咳嗽、流鼻涕、流泪、鼻塞等）以及感冒时的应对方法（喝热饮、洗热水澡、好好休息、放松心情等）。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解文章大意和结构；然后仔细审题，抓住题干中的关键词；再回到原文中定位相关信息，找到与题目对应的原句进行比对分析；最后排除干扰项，确定正确答案。
16．细节理解题。根据文中"Signs of a cold"部分中的"※ feeling cold, tired and not hungry"（感到寒冷、疲倦且不想吃东西）可知，感冒时的症状是不想吃东西，而不是"总是感到饿"。A项"喉咙痛"和C项"严重咳嗽"都在感冒迹象列表中。故答案为：B。
17．细节理解题。根据文中"※ hard to breathe because of your stuffy nose"（因为鼻子不通而难以呼吸）可知，当鼻子不通时，呼吸会变得困难。故答案为：A。
18．词义猜测题。根据文中"you will feel worse when you have a cold. So try to relax..."（感冒时你会感觉更糟。所以试着放松……）可知，后文说要"relax（放松）"，说明stressed与relax是反义关系，即stressed意为"有压力的、焦虑的"。故答案为：B。
19．段落大意题。文章最后一部分依次介绍了四种应对感冒的方法："Hot drinks make you cough less"（热饮减少咳嗽）、"A steamy shower helps our nose feel better"（热水澡让鼻子好受些）、"Have a good rest"（好好休息）、"try to relax"（试着放松）。这些都是感冒时可以做的事情，目的是让自己感觉好一些。故答案为：C。
四、B
With the growing interest in traditional culture, China-chic (新中式), or the new Chinese style of clothing, is becoming popular among young Chinese during this year's Spring Festival.
We can easily find people wearing new Chinese-style clothes everywhere—at restaurants, shops, popular places of interest and so on.
What is China-chic In fact, it is a mix of modern design with Chinese traditional elements (元素), such as Chinese pared with Hanfu, it is simpler and more practical.
According to data from Douyin, the videos about "China-chic" or "new Chinese-style" received more than 500 million views during a shopping festival from January 13 to 28 this year. Sales increased 21 times, comparing with the same period last year. Many people call the trend "bloodline awakening (血脉觉醒)".
In young people's mind, the new Chinese-style clothing is less serious than the other traditional clothing, making it possible for them to work or study. Zhu Chen, a 24-year-old woman, said, "In the past, people always thought that wearing designed brands was the only way to show good taste. However, nowadays, many young people prefer to wear this kind of clothing that shows Chinese culture when going out, even when travelling to other countries. Most importantly, cultural confidence is the main reason why China-chic is so popular. However, we still have a long way to go. As it becomes a part of people's lives, we are sure to have more China-chic clothes to show Chinese beauty in the future."
20．Where did young people wear new Chinese-style clothes during Spring Festival
A．Only at traditional ceremonies.
B．In restaurants, shops, and tourist spots.
C．Mainly at international fashion shows.
21．How is China-chic different from Hanfu
A．It uses more ancient patterns.
B．It is simpler and more practical.
C．It is only worn during festivals.
22．What do Douyin's data show about China-chic videos
A．Sales dropped by 21%.
B．They got over 500 million views.
C．They were popular only abroad.
23．What is the main purpose of the last paragraph
A．To criticize the design of China-chic.
B．To compare modern and traditional clothing.
C．To emphasize (强调) cultural confidence and future development.
【答案】20．B
21．B
22．B
23．C
【知识点】说明文；中国传统文化与礼仪习俗；文化差异与文化自信；细节理解；推理判断
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文围绕"新中式"（China-chic）服装在年轻人中日益流行的现象展开，介绍了新中式的定义、流行数据、年轻人喜爱的原因以及其背后的文化自信。（1）、
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解文章大意和结构；然后仔细审题，抓住题干中的关键词（如Where、How、Douyin's data、last paragraph等）；再回到原文中定位相关信息，找到与题目对应的原句进行比对分析，注意排除与原文矛盾或无关的干扰项；最后确定答案。
20．细节理解题。根据文中"We can easily find people wearing new Chinese-style clothes everywhere—at restaurants, shops, popular places of interest and so on."（我们可以很容易地在到处看到人们穿着新中式服装——在餐厅、商店、热门景点等等）可知，年轻人在餐厅、商店和旅游景点穿新中式服装。故答案为：B。
21．细节理解题。根据文中"Compared with Hanfu, it is simpler and more practical."（与汉服相比，它更简单、更实用）可知，新中式与汉服的区别在于更简单实用。故答案为：B。
22．细节理解题。根据文中"According to data from Douyin, the videos about 'China-chic' or 'new Chinese-style' received more than 500 million views during a shopping festival"（根据抖音的数据，关于"新中式"的视频在购物节期间获得了超过5亿次观看）可知，抖音数据显示新中式视频获得了超过5亿次观看。故答案为：B。
23．推理判断题。根据最后一段中"Most importantly, cultural confidence is the main reason why China-chic is so popular."（最重要的是，文化自信是新中式如此流行的主要原因）以及"we are sure to have more China-chic clothes to show Chinese beauty in the future."（我们确信未来会有更多新中式服装来展示中国之美）可知，最后一段的主要目的是强调文化自信和未来发展。故答案为：C。
五、C
It's a usual scene in movies and cartoons. A man is walking in a desert, looking for water, when up ahead, he sees a land with water. But there is no land — no water at all, not even a small pool. It was just a mirage (海市蜃楼).
How does a mirage happen The light and air play with our eyes. Normally, light travels in a straight line as a rule, but it can bend and change directions depending on what it passes through. This bending is called "refraction (折射)".
If different layers of air (大气层) are at different temperatures, light will bend at different angles (角度) when passing through them. This can create a false image of things around.
Mirages can be seen not only over water, but anywhere that can take in a lot of heat, for example, on hot roads. The next time you think you see a pool of water on the road on a hot summer day, you will know it's just a mirage — an image of the sky caused by bending light.
Mirage is the magic of nature. When you meet it next time, just take a photo and enjoy the beautiful moment.
24．In paragraph 1, the writer uses the scene to ________.
A．share the experience in a desert
B．introduce what a mirage is
C．show when a mirage happens
25．How does light travel normally
A． B． C．
26．The underlined word "them" in paragraph 3 refers to different ________.
A．air layers B．angles C．temperatures
27．You probably read the text in _________.
A．Crazy Animals B．Modern Art C．Amazing Nature
【答案】24．B
25．A
26．A
27．C
【知识点】自然现象；细节理解；推理判断；代词指代；文章出处
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇科普说明文，通过电影和卡通中常见的沙漠海市蜃楼场景引入话题，解释了海市蜃楼产生的科学原理（光的折射），并说明了其在现实生活中的其他表现形式。
【点评】考查阅读理解。做此类科普文章阅读题的方法是：首先快速通读全文，抓住文章的主题（本文是关于海市蜃楼的科普）；然后针对每一道题，回到原文寻找对应的依据（定位法），特别是细节题要找到原句比对；对于代词指代题，要往前文找名词；对于出处题，要根据文章的主题词（如nature, science等）来判断。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段"It's a usual scene in movies and cartoons... It was just a mirage (海市蜃楼)."（这是电影和卡通中常见的场景……那只是海市蜃楼），可知作者通过描述这个常见的场景是为了引出本文的主题——什么是海市蜃楼。故答案为：B。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段"Normally, light travels in a straight line as a rule..."（通常，光通常是沿直线传播的……），可知光正常传播是沿直线的。A图是直线。故答案为：A。
26．代词指代题。根据第三段"If different layers of air (大气层) are at different temperatures, light will bend at different angles (角度) when passing through them."（如果不同层的空气处于不同的温度，光在穿过它们时会以不同的角度弯曲），可知这里的them指代前文提到的different layers of air。故答案为：A。
27．文章出处题。根据最后一段"Mirage is the magic of nature."（海市蜃楼是大自然的魔力）以及全文对自然现象的科学解释，可知这篇文章最可能出现在关于自然的版块。故答案为：C。
六、第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
Do you want to be a volunteer Maybe you need some ideas. Here is some advice.
　28． 　 Be a big brother or sister at an after-school care center. You can help little kids to learn or play with them.
Give back during the holidays. Serve dinner for the homeless, volunteer at an old people's home, or give out toys to kids.
Help at an animal shelter (庇护所). 　29． 　 And when you're walking dogs, you get some exercise, too.
Protect the environment. Take part in a park clean-up day. 　30． 　 Join a group to work together to protect a river.
Help sick people. 　31． 　 When you cheer sick people up, you also feel happy.
　32． 　 If you have several hobbies, find a way to do them all. For example, if you love kids and are good at painting and dancing, visit a children's hospital and teach them these interesting things.
A. Plant a tree.
B. Help kids learn and grow.
C. Make workers there happy.
D. Helping others can make you feel good.
E. Combine your hobbies with volunteering.
F. Most shelters depend on volunteers to keep the cats and dogs happy and take them to exercise.
【答案】28．B；29．F；30．A；31．D；32．E
【知识点】说明文；志愿服务与公共服务
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇关于如何成为志愿者的建议性文章，列举了五种不同的志愿服务方式（课后托管中心、节假日服务、动物收容所、环保活动、帮助病人），并分别给出了相应的具体建议。
A. Plant a tree. 种一棵树。
B. Help kids learn and grow. 帮助孩子们学习和成长。
C. Make workers there happy. 让那里的工作人员开心。
D. Helping others can make you feel good. 帮助他人能让你感觉良好。
E. Combine your hobbies with volunteering. 将你的爱好与志愿服务结合起来。
F. Most shelters depend on volunteers to keep the cats and dogs happy and take them to exercise. 大多数收容所依靠志愿者让猫狗开心并带它们去锻炼。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。首先通读全文，了解文章的整体结构和每一段的大意；然后阅读所给选项，理解每个句子的意思；接着回到原文，根据空格前后的关键词在文中寻找对应的线索，通过上下文逻辑关系来确定正确答案；最后将选出的句子代入原文通读，检查是否通顺。
28．根据第1点建议 "Be a big brother or sister at an after-school care center. You can help little kids to learn or play with them."（在课后托管中心做大哥哥或大姐姐。你可以帮助小孩子学习或和他们玩耍。）可知，这一段的主题是关于帮助孩子。B选项 "Help kids learn and grow"（帮助孩子们学习和成长）概括了这一段的核心内容。故答案为：B。
29．根据第3点建议 "Help at an animal shelter... And when you're walking dogs, you get some exercise, too."（在动物收容所帮忙……当你遛狗时，你也得到了锻炼。）可知，这一段提到了动物收容所和遛狗。F选项 "Most shelters depend on volunteers to keep the cats and dogs happy and take them to exercise."（大多数收容所依靠志愿者让猫狗开心并带它们去锻炼。）中提到了shelters（收容所）、cats and dogs（猫狗）以及exercise（锻炼），与上下文完美衔接。故答案为：F。
30．根据第4点建议 "Protect the environment. Take part in a park clean-up day... Join a group to work together to protect a river."（保护环境。参加公园清洁日……加入一个小组共同保护一条河流。）可知，这一段的主题是环保。A选项 "Plant a tree."（种一棵树。）是具体的环保行动，符合语境。故答案为：A。
31．根据第5点建议 "Help sick people... When you cheer sick people up, you also feel happy."（帮助病人……当你让病人振作起来时，你也会感到快乐。）可知，这一段讲的是帮助病人带来的心理感受。D选项 "Helping others can make you feel good."（帮助他人能让你感觉良好。）是对后文 "you also feel happy" 的总结。故答案为：D。
32．根据最后一段 "If you have several hobbies, find a way to do them all. For example, if you love kids and are good at painting and dancing, visit a children's hospital and teach them these interesting things."（如果你有几个爱好，想办法把它们都做了。例如，如果你爱孩子且擅长画画和跳舞，就去儿童医院教他们这些有趣的东西。）可知，这一段建议将个人爱好融入志愿服务中。E选项 "Combine your hobbies with volunteering."（将你的爱好与志愿服务结合起来。）概括了这一段的主旨。故答案为：E。
七、第三节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，根据其内容填空和回答问题。（1至4题每空不超过3个词，第5题回答问题。）
Russian student Kirill Kravtsov, known by his Chinese name Lin Zirui, is studying at Peking University now. For him, reading is a very important way of building cultural bridges between countries and encouraging mutual understanding (促进相互理解).
In his conversations with students and teachers, he often introduces Russian literature (文学). He can listen to their opinions of Chinese works, and find resonance (共鸣) in books from different countries and of different types of writing.
"When we bring Chinese and Russian literature to the same table, different opinions naturally arise. Through such communication, we learn to respect differences and keep improving ourselves," Kirill says.
Among Russian-language writers, he loves Tolstoy and Dostoevsky. For example, he realized the treasure of human relationships in times of war from Tolstoy's War and Peace.
"These reading experiences in my first tongue allowed me to continue to explore humanity and find spiritual resonance with my home culture during my study in China," he said.
After coming to China, Chinese literature opened a new world for Kirill. He speaks of finding humor and resilience (坚韧) in Lao She's Ricksha Boy (《骆驼祥子》, which says "even the greatest difficulties can be slept through," or seeing the changes of cities and lives in Eileen Chang's works.
"Reading in a foreign language not only improves my language skills, but also allows me to think about the meaning of fate (命运) and life carefully through a Chinese point of view," he adds.
33．Kirill is 　 　.
34．Kirill sees reading as a way to 　 　 between countries.
35．In discussions, Kirill frequently introduces 　 　.
36．From War and Peace, Kirill learned the value of 　 　.
37．Do you like reading in a foreign language Why or why not
　 　
【答案】33．Russian
34．build cultural bridges
35．Russian literature
36．human relationships
37．Yes, I do. Because it can improve my language skills and help me understand different cultures.
【知识点】记叙文；跨文化沟通与交流
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了俄罗斯留学生Kirill（林梓瑞）在北京大学的学习生活，重点讲述了他如何通过阅读中俄文学作品来搭建文化桥梁、促进相互理解，并分享了他从《战争与和平》和老舍、张爱玲的作品中获得的感悟。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。首先通读全文，掌握文章大意；然后仔细审题，根据题干中的关键词如Russian, reading, War and Peace等回到原文定位相关句子；提取关键信息作答。
33．根据文中第一句"Russian student Kirill Kravtsov..."（俄罗斯学生Kirill Kravtsov……）可知，他是俄罗斯人。故答案为：Russian。
34．根据文中"For him, reading is a very important way of building cultural bridges between countries..."（对他来说，阅读是在国家之间搭建文化桥梁的一种非常重要的方式……）可知，阅读是搭建文化桥梁的方式。故答案为：build cultural bridges。
35．根据文中"In his conversations with students and teachers, he often introduces Russian literature."（在与师生的交谈中，他经常介绍俄罗斯文学。）可知，他经常介绍俄罗斯文学。故答案为：Russian literature。
36．根据文中"he realized the treasure of human relationships in times of war from Tolstoy's War and Peace."（他从托尔斯泰的《战争与和平》中意识到了战时人际关系的宝藏。）可知，他学到了人际关系的价值。故答案为：human relationships。
37．问题意为"你喜欢用外语阅读吗？为什么喜欢或为什么不喜欢？"。这是一个主观题，只要言之有理即可。根据文中Kirill的观点，可以回答喜欢，因为能提高语言技能或了解文化；也可以回答不喜欢，因为太难或没兴趣。故答案为：Yes, I do. Because it can improve my language skills and help me understand different cultures.
八、我们的校园生活丰富多彩，相信你也迫不及待想要跟远在英国的笔友分享了：
38．我们的老师不仅和蔼可亲，同时对学生的要求也很严格。
Our teachers are all kind and 　 　　 　 the students.
【答案】strict；with
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少英语"对……严格"的表达。固定短语 be strict with sb. 意为"对某人严格"。句故答案为：strict with。
【点评】考查汉译英。根据汉语提示匹配相应的英语，注意固定搭配 be strict with sb.对某人要求严格。
39．如果我们在学习或生活中遇到困难，可以向同学或老师们求助。
If we meet troubles in life or study, we can always 　 　　 　 our classmates or teachers.
【答案】turn；to
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少英语"向……求助"的表达。固定短语 turn to sb. 意为"向某人求助"。can 是情态动词，后面跟动词原形。故答案为：turn to。
【点评】考查汉译英。根据汉语提示匹配相应的英语，注意固定搭配 turn to sb.向某人求助。
40．我们可以演一部短剧，就像我们在英语角做的那样。
We can 　 　　 　 a short play, just as we do at the English Corner.
【答案】put；on
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少英语"上演"的表达。固定短语 put on 意为"上演（戏剧等）"。can 是情态动词，后面跟动词原形。故答案为：put on。
【点评】考查汉译英。根据汉语提示匹配相应的英语，注意固定搭配 put on a play上演短剧。
41．充分利用好时间可以让我们的学习更高效。
　 　　 　 use of time can make us study more efficiently.
【答案】Making；good
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少英语"充分利用"的表达。固定短语 make good use of 意为"充分利用"。句子中"充分利用好时间"作主语，动词 make 需用动名词形式 Making，且位于句首首字母需大写。故答案为：Making good。
【点评】考查汉译英。根据汉语提示匹配相应的英语，注意固定搭配 make good use of充分利用，注意动名词作主语的用法。
42．我以前经常回避挑战，但现在我把挑战视为学习和成长的机会。
I 　 　　 　 avoid challenges, but now I regard challenges as chances to learn and grow.
【答案】used；to
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少英语"过去常常"的表达。固定短语 used to do sth. 意为"过去常常做某事"。故答案为：used to。
【点评】考查汉译英。根据汉语提示匹配相应的英语，注意固定搭配 used to do sth.。
九、第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Eliza's parents would go to California for work this summer. They would be so busy because　43． 　 all the meetings. Eliza wouldn't have　44． 　 (some) fun if she went with them.
"Dad, if I can't go with you and Mom, I'd like to go to the summer camp of a soccer club. My friend Madeline is going there too, so at least I know someone there, even if I'm not very good at soccer," said Eliza. "Eliza, I think you'll do　45． 　 (good)," said Dad. "I know you will feel a little nervous when you go to a new place and meet so many new people. I think you'll be happy　46． 　 you do it. Besides, I've seen you play soccer. You're really more talented (有天赋的) than you think you are."
When Eliza and Madeline arrived at the camp, they saw that two girls from their class were also there. That made them much　47． 　 (happy). On the first day of the camp, the teachers let the girls　48． 　 (choose) teams. Eliza was surprised that she was chosen as the leader (领导者) of her team. That afternoon, the girls practiced several times. Eliza was the first one to finish the tasks (任务). She did　49． 　 (she) best to cheer on her teammates.
At the end of the first practice,　50． 　 shy girl named Annie came to Eliza. "I just want to say thanks for helping us," said Annie. "I was really nervous about coming to the camp, but you made me feel so　51． 　 (relax)."
Eliza couldn't help　52． 　 (laugh). Yes! Just as her father said, "You're really more talented than you think you are." Give the talent a shot, give it time, and then you'll be surprised how far it can go.
【答案】43．of；44．any；45．well；46．if；47．happier；48．choose；49．her；50．a；51．relaxed；52．laughing
【知识点】记叙文；假期计划；自我认识；自我提升
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了Eliza今年夏天因为父母去加州工作而不能同行，她选择参加足球俱乐部的夏令营。在营地里，她意外地被选为队长，并努力鼓励队友，最后她的表现不仅让队友感到放松，也让她自己感到惊喜和自信。
【点评】考查语法填空。首先通读全文，把握文章大意和时态；然后逐题分析，根据句意和语法规则确定词形。要注意词性转换（和时态变化；同时根据上下文逻辑和固定搭配（如介词、连词、冠词）来填空。最后通读全文检查答案是否通顺。
43．句意：他们会非常忙，因为有很多会议。because of 是固定短语，意为"因为，由于"，后接名词或名词短语。故答案为：of。
44．句意：如果Eliza和他们一起去，她就不会有任何乐趣。some 通常用于肯定句，any 用于否定句或疑问句。本句是否定句（wouldn't have），故用 any。故答案为：any。
45．句意：Eliza，我认为你会做得很好。good 是形容词，此处修饰动词 do，需要用副词形式 well。故答案为：well。
46．句意：我认为如果你做了（参加夏令营），你会很高兴的。根据句意，这里引导条件状语从句，意为"如果"。故答案为：if。
47．句意：那让她们（Eliza和Madeline）高兴多了。happy 是形容词，much 修饰比较级，表示"……得多"，happy 的比较级是 happier。故答案为：happier。
48．句意：在营地的第一天，老师让女孩们选择队伍。let sb. do sth. 是固定搭配，意为"让某人做某事"，let 后面跟动词原形。故答案为：choose。
49．句意：她尽了最大努力去鼓励她的队友。do one's best 是固定短语，意为"尽某人最大努力"，she 的形容词性物主代词是 her。故答案为：her。
50．句意：在第一次练习结束时，一个叫Annie的害羞女孩来到Eliza面前。girl 是单数可数名词，且 shy 以辅音音素开头，表示泛指"一个"，用不定冠词 a。故答案为：a。
51．句意：我本来对来营地很紧张，但你让我感到很放松。relax 是动词，feel 是系动词，后面接形容词作表语。修饰人（me）感到放松，用 -ed 结尾的形容词 relaxed。故答案为：relaxed。
52．句意：Eliza忍不住笑了。can't help doing sth. 是固定搭配，意为"忍不住做某事"，用 laugh 的动名词形式 laughing。故答案为：laughing。
十、第五部分 写作（满分25分）
53．在人际交往中，我们有时会遇到困难，但积极的态度，正向的表达和巧妙的技巧能帮助我们有效沟通、解决问题。希望中学校报正在开展以"有效沟通，用心交流"为主题的英文写作比赛。假设你是李华，请根据下列要求，写一篇短文投稿，分享你生活中一次有效沟通的经历以及你的收获，词数80左右。
注意事项：（1）必须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥；
（2）开头已给出，不计入总词数；
（3）请勿在文中使用真实的姓名和校名。
Effective communication plays an important role in solving problems and building relationships. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
Effective communication plays an important role in solving problems and building relationships. Here is my experience about effective communication.
Last month, I had a fight with my best friend because of a misunderstanding. Instead of keeping silent, I talked to her honestly. I said I valued our friendship and wanted to clear up the mistake. She explained her feelings too. We both said sorry to each other. Finally, we became good friends again.
This experience taught me that honest communication helps solve problems and makes relationships stronger.
【知识点】提纲作文；材料作文；记叙文；人际关系与交往；同伴间交往的品质
【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。要求以"有效沟通，用心交流"为主题，向校报投稿分享一次有效沟通的经历及收获。写作需严格按照提示要点展开：1. 分享一次有效沟通的经历（Share your experience）；2. 谈谈你的感受（Talk about your feelings）。文章首先利用已给出的开头句引入话题；接着具体叙述一次沟通的起因、经过和结果（需注意时态，叙述过去发生的事情通常用一般过去时）；然后谈谈这次经历带给你的感悟或学到的道理（用一般现在时或一般过去时均可）；最后自然结尾。注意不要遗漏任何一个提示要点；避免流水账式的情节描述，要抓重点；注意语言要精炼；确保情节描述中的动词过去式变化正确。
【点评】考查提纲作文。例文是一篇优秀的征文稿，结构紧凑，逻辑清晰。文章开头引入→叙述与朋友争吵的起因（misunderstanding）→沟通的过程（talked honestly, said sorry）→结果（became good friends again）→谈感悟（honest communication）。完全覆盖了所有提示要点。文章选取了与朋友闹矛盾后通过坦诚沟通重归于好的典型事例，贴近学生生活，真实可信。文章使用了"instead of keeping silent"（而不是保持沉默）、"clear up the mistake"（澄清误会）等精彩表达；连接词"Finally"使用恰当，使文章过渡自然。亮点句子："Instead of keeping silent, I talked to her honestly." 这句话体现了积极解决问题的态度，是文章的核心；"This experience taught me that honest communication helps solve problems and makes relationships stronger." 结尾句点明主旨，升华了主题，非常加分。
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