资源简介

Unit 4　Body Language
Step 1　题源研读·入境体验
Written Basque May Be 1, 000 Years Older than Anyone Thought
巴斯克文字可能比人们想象的要早1 000年
　　Shards of pottery often tell historians useful things, but even the geekiest archaeologist would admit they are not very exciting to look at. Not so a discovery in Irulegui, in Spain’s Navarre region: a life-size bronze cutout of a hand, green with age, with a small hole indicating that it was meant to hang, perhaps over a door. It was found in a village destroyed in a war of the 1st century BC. Such striking hand-shaped designs are unknown in Spanish or neighboring cultures. 　　Still more important is the short inscription, five words in an intriguing script. Experts recognized it as a version of the writing systems used for the now-extinct Iberian and Celtiberian languages, present on the peninsula before the Roman conquest. But this language was neither of those. The researchers were stunned to find that they could make out the first word—in Basque. “Sorioneku”, meaning “good fortune”, was staring the researchers in the face. A descendant of that word, zorionak, is used in the Basque“Happy Birthday” song today. 　　The findings are so significant because the Vascones, the predecessors of today’s Basques, who spoke an old form of their language, were not known to write. The previous oldest known writing in the language was in the Glosas Emilianenses. 　　Basque writing proper does not really begin until the 16th century. 　　Basque has long fascinated linguists and historians, as it is completely unrelated to its neighbors, speakers of the vast group of Indo-European languages that includes almost every other tongue in Europe. But Basque history has also been wrangled over, in the context of a long-running independence movement. Being able to set back the date of the written language by an entire millennium will delight fans of one of Europe’s most distinctive cultures. —https://www. wsj. com (同源高考:2023年全国甲卷B篇 阅读选自本报刊)
【名师原创】 1. What’s the main purpose of writing this passage (B) A. To introduce the Indo-European languages used in Spain. B. To introduce the development of a written language—Basque. C. To introduce an essential archaeology discovery—a hand-shaped bronze. D. To introduce the Spanish and neighboring cultures before the Roman conquest. 2. Why are archaeologists so excited about a discovery in Irulegui (A) A. It has five words in an intriguing script. B. It is in a special shape. C. It boasts a fairly long history. D. It is made up of valuable metal. 一词多义(present) 1. I am not satisfied with the present situation. 目前的 2. I wasn’t present when the doctor examined him. 在场 3. I still need to buy a present for my friend. 礼物 4. This house is big enough for the present, but we’ll have to move if we have children. 目前;暂时
Step 2　核心考点·探究突破
【重点单词】
1. approve vi. 赞成;同意 vt. 批准;通过
【语境速测】
①(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)Instead of correcting others when they were struggling to pronounce my name, I just smiled and nodded approvingly (approve).
②Some of them approve of the idea that it is good to start learning English in childhood.
③Her parents approved of her earning(earn) money in her spare time, warning her not to neglect her studies.
④If the plan is approved(approve), everything will go smoothly.
⑤My father nodded approvingly and gave his approval to my decision to go to the farm again.
我父亲赞许地点了点头, 同意了我再次去农场的决定。
(1)approve sth. 　　　　 批准某事
approve of. . . 赞成……;同意……
approve of (sb. /sb. ’s) doing sth. 赞成/同意(某人)做某事
(2)approval n. 赞同;认可
get one’s approval 得到某人的批准/同意
give (one’s) approval to　 同意;批准
disapproval n. 不赞同;反对
(3)approving adj. 赞同的
2. vary vi. (根据情况)变化; 改变
【语境速测】
①I also shop for various(vary) things online, such as books, computer hardware and other necessities.
②(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset(心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content.
③(2024·北京高考)The similarity of moral virtues across cultures is striking, even though the relative ranking of the virtues may vary with a social group’s history and environment.
④(2024·全国甲卷)Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend to catch our attention because of their large size and variety(vary).
⑤Customs can vary from region to region, so when we arrive in a new place, we should do as the Romans do.
风俗因地区而异, 所以当我们到达一个新地方时, 我们应该入乡随俗。
(1)vary in. . . 　　 在……(大小、形状等)上不同
vary with/by 随……变化/改变
vary from. . . to. . . 在……范围内变动
(2)various/varied 　　　adj. 各种各样的
(3)variety n. 种种; 多样化
a variety of/varieties of 种种; 各种各样的
3. witness vt. 当场看到;目击;见证 n. 目击者;证人
【语境速测】
①(2024·全国甲卷)They were part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
②Someone broke into the bank last night and the police are now looking for witnesses to the robbery.
③Last Friday witnessed our going(go) into the park, a unique setting that inspired me to create a painting of the peaceful lake surrounded by lush green trees.
④Her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree in spite of her old age.
在见证他们的母亲尽管老了依然获得了学位的过程中, 她的孩子们获得了一个重要的启示。
(1)be (a) witness to sth. 目击/看见某事发生
bear/give witness to. . . 为……作证
in witness of 作为见证
(2)witness sth. 目击/目睹某事
witness. . . doing sth. 目睹……做某事
时间/地点名词+witness sth. ……目睹/见证了某事
【名师点津】
witness 作动词且后接to时, to是介词, 后须接名词或动词-ing形式。
4. occupy vt. 占据;占用;占领
【语境速测】
①The twins soon found themselves occupied (occupy) in cleaning up the kitchen while their father was occupying himself with the breakfast.
②I know you’ve had lots to occupy (occupy)your time, so you probably didn’t have time to watch the football match between Manchester United and Liverpool tonight.
③Ultimately, you must state your full name, age and occupation(occupy) in your application form.
④Occupied in preparing for the final exam, I have no alternative but to decline your invitation.
我不得不拒绝你的邀请, 因为我那时忙于期末备考。
occupy oneself with sth. /in doing sth. 忙于(做)某事;专心于(做)某事
be occupied (in) doing sth. 　 忙于做某事
be occupied with sth. 忙于某事
keep sb. /oneself occupied 使某人/自己忙碌
5. favour vt. 较喜欢;选择;有利于n. 帮助;恩惠;赞同(favourable adj. 赞成的;有利的)
【语境速测】
①He is also known as a painter of light and shade and as an artist who favoured (favour)a realism that leads some critics to claim that he preferred ugliness to beauty.
②(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite(favor) spot to settle, Italy was the clear winner.
③Undoubtedly, success and opportunities tend to favour those who are ready.
毋庸置疑, 成功和机遇往往青睐那些有准备的人。
(1)ask sb. a favour　　 请某人帮忙
do sb. a favour 帮某人忙
(2)in favour of 同意;支持;赞成
in one’s favour 有利于某人;对某人有利
favour (doing) sth. 赞成(做)某事
6. adjust vt. 调整;调节 vi. &vt. (使)适应;(使)习惯
【语境速测】
①(2023·天津高考)Having tried several adjustments(adjustment)to the design for two months, the engineer eventually succeeded in building a highly efficient system.
②It also has a voice control setting that enables you to stay hands-free, while its waterproof band is fully adjustable (adjust)so that it is comfortable to wear.
③When Riley moves to a new city, she has a hard time adjusting to her new surroundings.
④Knowing that you have difficulty adjusting yourself to the new school life, I’m writing to give you some tips.
知道你很难适应新的学校生活, 我写信给你一些建议。
(1)adjust. . . to. . . 　　 调整……以适应……
adjust to (doing) sth. 习惯/适应(做)某事
adjust oneself to sth. 使自己适应某事
(2)adjustment n. 调整;适应
make adjustments/an adjustment (to. . . )
(对……)做出调整
(3)adjustable adj. 可调节的
【核心短语】
7. break down消除;分解; 打破; (机器)损坏; 破坏; (谈判、计划等)失败; 破裂; (身体)垮掉;精神崩溃
【语境速测】
①It takes hundreds of years for plastic to break down, but much less time for paper. 分解
②The car suddenly broke down on the highway, leaving us in trouble for hours.
出故障
③A smile can break down barriers. We can use a smile to apologise, to greet someone, to ask for help, or to start a conversation. 消除
④News reports say peace talks between the two countries have broken down with no agreement reached. (谈判等)失败
⑤(2024·全国甲卷)If it’s short stories, Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing. 分解
⑥If you want to break down the misunderstanding, you should apologise to her face to face.
如果你想消除误会, 你应该当面向她道歉。
break in　　　 插嘴; 打断; 闯入
break into 破门而入; 突然……起来
break off 断绝; 中断; 折断
break out (火灾、战争等)突然爆发
break through 冲破; 突破
break up (使)破碎; (使)(关系等)破裂; 解散; 解体; 散会; 驱散; 制止
8. call on(短暂地)访问;要求(某人讲话等);正式邀请担任;任职
【语境速测】
①We are writing this letter to call on everyone to take part in the Clear Your Plate campaign.
②The conference was ultimately called off because of the unexpected incident.
③The twin brothers called on their grandpa on a weekly basis.
④As we all know, success calls for much hard work.
⑤The teacher’s praise called up memories of my mother’s encouragement.
老师的表扬勾起了我对母亲鼓励我的回忆。
call up 　　　　　　给……打电话;使想起
call at someplace 访问/拜访(某地);停靠
call for 需要;(公开)要求
call in 叫来;打来电话;下令收回
call off 取消
call on sb. to do sth. 请求或号召某人做某事
call on/upon sb. 拜访某人
【经典句型】
9. The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in. 关键是使用肢体语言的方式要与你所处的文化相适应。
【语境速测】
①My job is taking care of children in the kindergarten.
我的工作是在幼儿园照顾孩子。
②What most people hate most is being laughed at.
大多数人最痛恨的就是被嘲笑。
③His adventures are witnessing his transformation from a weak boy to a man.
他的奇遇见证了他从一个懦弱的小男孩到男子汉的转变。
(1)动词-ing形式作表语时, 句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。
(2)作表语的动词-ing形式与主语通常是对等的关系, 表示主语的内容, 主语、表语可互换位置。
(3)动词-ing形式的被动形式是being done。
10. And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend. (P39)
如果我们感到沮丧或孤独, 没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。
【语境速测】
①From this experience, I learned that being careful is very important and that we can’t be too careful, especially in examinations.
②He is never seen without his camera, always ready to capture a moment.
③They are never more excited(excited) than when planning their next vacation.
④如果没有奉献精神和毅力, 你就不可能实现你的目标。
It’s impossible to achieve your goals without dedication and perseverance.
⑤作为一个学生, 我可以告诉你, 没有什么比在同学面前被老师表扬更好的了。
As a student, I can tell you that there is nothing better than being praised by the teacher before classmates.
常见的否定形式表示肯定意义的结构有:
cannot. . . too. . . 　 无论怎样……也不为过
nothing/not/no. . . impossible. . .
没有……不可能……
no/never. . . without. . .
没有……不……(表示双重否定)
Step 3　跟踪评估·夯基提能
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Those who are dressed inappropriately(appropriate) will be refused permission to participate.
2. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval (approve) section signed.
3. (2024·全国甲卷)Join instructors from the Ceramics Program and great potters from Quincy, Cabot and Mather Houses for demonstrations(demonstration) using the potter’s wheel. Then create your own masterpiece!
4. If you want a better job, start with a skill assessment (assess) and maybe some extra training.
5. We hope today’s offer will meet with your approval (approve) too.
6. Varieties of after-class activities will be held, varying from the English Corner to the Literature Club. So we students can get various experiences. (vary)
7. I feel ashamed of my shameful action, which is a shame to me. (shame)
8. Much to my embarrassment, he asked me an embarrassing question. I felt so embarrassed that my face was red. (embarrass)
9. As educators often say, the educated can likely hunt for a better job and teenagers should receive further education for their future. (educate)
Ⅱ. 完成句子
【短语填空】
1. 我赞成每个人都应该努力发展我们的城市。
I am in favour of the idea that everyone should make great efforts to develop our city.
2. 相比之下, 网络小说就像一种缺乏深度的快餐文化。
By contrast, online novels look like a kind of fast food culture which lacks depth.
【句式仿写】
3. And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.
仿写:当你感到累的时候, 没有什么比洗个热水澡更好的了。
When you feel tired, there is nothing better than a hot bath.
4. It is obvious that our minds can influence our bodies.
仿写:很明显, 一些肢体语言因文化而异。
It is obvious that some body language varies from culture to culture.
5. Of course, not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.
仿写:出席会议的人并不是都赞成这一决定。
Not everyone present at the meeting was in favour of the decision.
Ⅲ. 语篇填空
(黑体词是本单元核心词汇)
　　Besides words, we use body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our interactions with other people. We can learn a lot about 1. what people are thinking by watching their body language.
　　Body language 2. varies (vary) from culture to culture. It is crucial 3. to use(use) body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture 4. where you are. For example, making eye contact—looking into someone’s eyes—in some countries is a way to display interest. In other countries, 5. by contrast, eye contact is not always approved of.
　　The gesture for “OK” has different meanings in different cultures. In Japan, “OK” means money, while in France, it means zero. Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” differ around the world. In many countries, 6. shaking(shake) one’s head means “no”, and nodding means “yes”. By 7. comparison(compare), in Bulgaria and southern Albania, the gestures have the opposite meaning. There are also differences in how we touch each other, how close we stand to someone we 8. are talking (talk) to. Some gestures seem to have the 9. identical (identify) meaning everywhere. Some body language has many different uses. Perhaps the 10. best (good) example is smiling.
Ⅳ. 单元话题写作|语言交流
假如你是班长李华, 你打算在英语第二课堂活动中谈谈作为交际辅助的“肢体语言(body language)”在交际中的重要性, 并就如何使用肢体语言提出一些合理的建议。请你结合本单元所学内容及以下要点写一篇英语发言稿:
1. 保持微笑;
2. 说话的时候要看对方的眼睛;
3. 聆听的时候要点头;
4. 使用恰当的手势。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80个左右;
2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
【连词成句】
1. 我们都知道肢体语言在交流中起着重要的作用。
As we all know, body language plays an important part in communication.
2. 知道我们如何正确使用肢体语言是很重要的。
It is important to know how to use body language properly.
3. 友好的面部表情会让人感到放松。
The friendly facial expression will make people feel relaxed.
4. 保持眼神交流, 这可以和你周围的人建立更好的联系。
Keeping eye contact will create a better connection with people around you.
5. 当他们在说话时, 别忘了时不时点头, 表示你在听。
When they are talking, don’t forget to nod once in a while to show that you are listening.
【连句成篇】
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【参考范文】
Dear friends,
　　As we all know, body language plays an important part in communication. Much of our communication is done through body language, so it is important to know how to use body language properly.
　　First, keep smiling when you meet people. The friendly facial expression will make people feel relaxed. Second, keeping eye contact will create a better connection with people around you. Third, when they are talking, don’t forget to nod once in a while to show that you are listening. Fourth, gestures are an important part of our daily communication, so with proper gestures, you can make yourself better understood.
　　I believe if we pay attention to body language, our ability to communicate will improve.
- 2 -(共53张PPT)
课时跟踪训练
Unit 4　Body Language
Ⅰ. 阅读理解(共7小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分17. 5分)
A
(2025·湖北模拟)
36 hours of art course
with the New Arts Club — London
　　A good chance to learn under famous artist Oksana Leadbitter, and her New Arts Club.
　　Run according to your timetable, this part-time course is 36+hours of painting that is fit for anyone from beginners to more experienced painters. You must sign up for no less than 36 hours, for which you need to pay $356. 33.
　　All art materials are provided, including paints, brushes and more. All you need to do is bring yourself, and a wish to learn and meet new people. Oksana will guide you through a series of painting styles and skills, showing how a painting is done and offering frequent support to you. She gives special attention to the easiest ways of achieving the effects you want. She has her own style of teaching that allows people to make progress in a short period of time.
　　You will not need to attend every class. The course works on a by-hour basis, meaning you can use your hours as slowly or quickly as you wish.
　　Come and join us every Thursday at a spare room of the beautiful St Sofia Cathedral in Bayswater, London.
Courses:
10:00-12:00: Adult class
12:00-15:00: Children’s class
19:00-22:00: Adult evening class
　　The courses will begin on 15th May. Feel free to take part and say hello.
　　If you want more information, e-mail: newartsclublondon@.
　　Should special situations arise, the organizers would keep the right to cancel any of the events, resulting in the refund (退款) of cancelled remaining classes.
【语篇属性】
语篇 类型 应用文
主题 语境 人与社会(重要国际组织和社会公益机构)
语篇 内容 艺术课程的特色、要求、课程安排、费用等相关信息
语篇 结构 Para. 1 引出话题
Para. 2 课程的时间和费用
Para. 3 介绍授课老师Oksana
Para. 4 对于上课的时间要求
Para. 5 鼓励大家参加
Para. 6 课程安排
Para. 7 邮箱
Para. 8 万一特殊情况不能去上课的处理方法
1. What is a requirement for learners of the course
A. Sticking to the schedule.
B. Having prior experience.
C. Registering for at least 36 hours.
D. Bringing along painting materials.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“You must sign up for no less than 36 hours, for which you need to pay $356. 33. ”可知, 这门课程要求学习者必须注册至少36小时的课程。故选C。
√
2. What is attractive about Oksana’s teaching
A. Providing painting brushes.
B. Teaching in efficient ways.
C. Centering around practicing.
D. Offering one-to-one instruction.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Oksana will guide you. . . allows people to make progress in a short period of time. ”可知, Oksana特别关注用最简单的方法来达到你想要的效果, 可以让人们在短时间内取得进步, 由此可知, 高效是Oksana的教学吸引人的地方。故选B。
√
3. What do we know about the course
A. It runs two days a week.
B. It is refunded for cancellation.
C. It is intended for adult learners.
D. It costs a learner over $10 per hour.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段可知, 因特殊情况取消课程, 会对取消的剩余课程进行退款。故选B。
√
B
题型 题号 试题难度 话题或考点 试题来源 情境标注 融合标注
容易 较易 一般 较难 困难
阅读 理解 4—7 √ 表情符号的作用、现存问题及改进方向 2026·周口模拟 人与社会 和语言的结合
　　Have emojis worsened or improved language Or are they useful According to Evans, an expert on digital communication, “In the spoken medium, body language, such as gestures and facial expressions, provides a means of qualifying and adjusting the message delivered by the words we speak. ” That’s to say, a silly smile, rolled eyes, or folded arms can enrich what is said, and supply more information for interpretation.
　　According to an estimate, 30%—35% of derived(衍生的) meanings from daily social interactions come from language, while nearly 70% come from nonverbal signals, especially visual ones. Coincidentally, in another study, it was found that 70% of emoji usage directly relates to emotional expressions.
　　Emojis provide missing details for digital communication where chatting has character limits, and facial expressions and body movements are often hidden behind screens. The digital text alone is on occasion emotionally dull. And considering its similarity to punctuation(标点), the emoji is definitely the world’s first truly universal form of communication today.
　　While emojis are mainly used to add personal touches in dull, digital chats, they still have problems. Growing slowly, emojis are a set number of characters. In a new study by a global tech company, which surveyed thousands of emoji users around the world, only 20% feel their identities are completely reflected in current emoji options, and the majority aren’t pleased with them, declaring that emojis should continue to fight for more inclusive representation of users.
　　This thought is unsurprisingly driven by the younger generation, who rely upon emojis to express what’s in their mind. If emojis are used to share our nonverbal emotions, then they should represent the “speaker”, reflecting who is communicating. Customization is one solution—an approach we have already seen progress in. In 2015, the Unicode Consortium showed skin-tone modifiers(调节器). However, very quickly, those options were determined to be still too limited. Hairstyles and hair color modifiers were later introduced. There’s room to grow there too.
【语篇属性】
语篇 类型 说明文 主题 语境 人与社会
语篇 内容 文章探讨表情符号在数字沟通中的作用、现存问题及改进方向, 分析其与传统非语言信号的相似性
语篇 结构 Para. 1 通过提问引入话题, 并引用专家观点说明非语言信号在面对面交流中的重要性
Para. 2 用数据说明非语言信号在社交互动中的占比, 并发现表情符号使用与情感表达的高度相关性
Para. 3 分析表情符号在数字沟通中补充情感细节、弥补文本局限的作用
Para. 4 指出表情符号现存的问题:数量有限且缺乏包容性, 无法充分体现用户身份
Para. 5 提出定制化解决方案, 并介绍已取得的进展和改进空间
4. What role do nonverbal signals play in face-to-face communication
A. They are primarily used to avoid being impolite.
B. They contribute more to understanding than spoken words.
C. They account for less than half of the meanings expressed.
D. They are less important than in digital communication.
√
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:nonverbal signals play in face-to-face communication
定信息 定位原文第二段:“nearly 70% come from nonverbal signals, especially visual ones”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A They are primarily used to avoid being impolite. 无中生有
B They contribute more to understanding than spoken words. 根据数据对比得出
考查数据解读和比较能力
选项 选项内容 辨误
C They account for less than half of the meanings expressed. 与数据矛盾(70%>50%) 排除错误表述
D They are less important than in digital communication. 未提及 排除无关选项
分析:选B。根据第二段数据, 非语言信号贡献了近70%的衍生意义, 远高于语言的30%—35%, 说明其对理解的作用大于语言
5. Why are most users dissatisfied with the present emojis
A. They are mechanical.
B. They are too complex.
C. They lack inclusiveness.
D. They reveal identities.
√
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:dissatisfied with the present emojis
定信息 定位原文第四段:“only 20% feel their identities are completely reflected. . . more inclusive representation of users”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A They are mechanical. 未提及 排除无关选项
B They are too complex. 与文意相反(数量有限而非复杂) 辨析问题本质
C They lack inclusiveness. 根据关键句得出 考查对用户不满原因的理解
D They reveal identities. 与文意相反(无法充分体现用户身份) 排除矛盾选项
分析:选C。根据第四段, 仅20%的用户认为现有表情符号能完全体现身份, 大多数人要求更具包容性的代表, 说明用户不满主要源于表情符号缺乏包容性
6. How can the problems with emojis be addressed
A. By tailoring the designs.
B. By clarifying new meanings.
C. By restricting the usage.
D. By counting on young users.
√
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:problems with emojis be addressed
定信息 定位原文最后一段:“Customization is one solution. . . skin-tone modifiers. . . Hairstyles and hair color modifiers were later introduced”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A By tailoring the designs. 根据关键句得出 考查对解决方案的识别
B By clarifying new meanings. 未提及 排除无关选项
C By restricting the usage. 与文意相反(应扩展而非限制) 排除错误方案
选项 选项内容 辨误
D By counting on young users. 片面理解(年轻人推动但非解决方案) 区分问题提出者与解决方式
分析:选A。最后一段明确提到“定制化”是解决方案, 并通过肤色、发型、发色等调节器的进展说明通过个性化设计解决问题
7. Which can be the most suitable title for the text
A. Emojis: The Perfect Solution to Emotional Expression
B. The Way Younger Generations Redefine Digital Interaction
C. Emojis: The Witness to the Rise and Fall of Traditional Language
D. The Impact and Development of Emojis in Modern Communication
√
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:suitable title
定信息 全文主线:作用分析(第一~三段)→问题指出(第四段)→解决方案(第五段)
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A Emojis: The Perfect Solution to Emotional Expression “perfect”过于绝对(仍有问题) 排除片面表述
B The Way Younger Generations Redefine Digital Interaction 侧重年轻人, 忽略全文广度 排除以偏概全
选项 选项内容 辨误
C Emojis: The Witness to the Rise and Fall of Traditional Language 未讨论传统语言衰落 排除过度解读
D The Impact and Development of Emojis in Modern Communication 全面覆盖作用、问题和发展 考查对文章主旨的概括
分析:选D。文章既讨论了表情符号的影响(补充情感细节、弥补文本局限), 也分析了其发展(现存问题和定制化改进), D项最全面
Ⅱ. 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)
(2025·南京模拟)
　　In 2014, Amy collapsed from a brain hemorrhage (脑溢血) while working. After a year recovering at home, she 　8　 a course with the ambition to become a 　9　.
　　However, occasional vision disturbance was still 　10　, influencing the amount of 　11　 she could give to the course. Further complications (并发症) left the young artist almost completely blind, making it difficult to see a whole figure. It’s particularly 　12　 because it seemed to 　13　 her optimism to be a painter!
　　One morning, when watching the sunrise, she suddenly felt a sense of 　14　. She realized that she may not 　15　 a whole face anymore, but it shouldn’t stop her from putting what she could see on canvas (画布). The following years, she 　16　 her special art journey.
　　“Strangely, my experience has increased my 　17　 when drawing, enabling me to catch a character better, ” she explains. “People often speak highly of the detail and sensitivity of the character. I have more determination and appreciation for my 　18　. These are 　19　 I wouldn’t have had without everything I’ve 　20　. ” For her new touring exhibition, she has produced a series of artworks based on her visual experience. “In the 　21　 interaction between what I can and cannot see lies my perspective on the world. ”
　　Sometimes, we can turn a loss into a gain: something unique and individual that has been gifted to us by never 　22　.
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述得了脑溢血的艾米在康复后视力模糊, 但仍然坚持成为一名画家的故事。
8. A. made use of　　　 B. looked forward to
C. signed up for D. took pride in
【解析】选C。根据下文“a course with the ambition to become a______”可知, 艾米在康复之后去报名参加了一门课程。make use of利用;look forward to期待;sign up for报名参加;take pride in因……骄傲。故选C。
√
9. A. teacher B. doctor
C. worker D. painter
【解析】选D。根据下文“. . . it seemed to ______her optimism to be a painter!”可知, 艾米打算成为一名画家。故选D。
√
10. A. present B. unnoticed
C. unusual D. strange
【解析】选A。根据下文“influencing the amount of______ she could give to the course”可知, 偶尔的视觉障碍影响了她, 所以是仍然存在的。present存在的;unnoticed没有注意到的;unusual不同寻常的;strange奇怪的。故选A。
√
11. A. credit B. energy
C. instruction D. donation
【解析】选B。根据上文“occasional vision disturbance was still______”可知, 偶尔的视觉障碍仍然存在, 所以影响了她在课程中所能给予的精力和能量。credit信用;energy精力;instruction指示;donation捐赠。故选B。
√
12. A. disappointing B. exciting
C. inspiring D. depressing
【解析】选D。根据上文“Further complications left the young artist almost completely blind, making it difficult to see a whole figure. ”可知, 作为一名画家却很难看到整个人物, 这是尤其令人沮丧的事情。disappointing令人失望的;exciting令人兴奋的;inspiring令人鼓舞的;depressing令人沮丧的。故选D。
√
13. A. ruin　　 B. boost　　 C. spread　 D. express
【解析】选A。根据上文“Further complications left the young artist almost completely blind, making it difficult to see a whole figure. ”可知, 很难看到整个人物会毁了画家的未来, 也毁了她的积极性。ruin毁灭;boost促进;spread展开;express表达。故选A。
√
14. A. achievement B. thankfulness
C. belongings D. security
【解析】选B。根据下文“She realized that she may not ______a whole face anymore, but it shouldn’t stop her from putting what she could see on canvas. ”可知, 艾米意识到她仍然可以画画, 所以应该是有感激之情。achievement成就;thankfulness感谢; belongings所有物;security安全。故选B。
√
15. A. see B. touch C. draw D. cover
【解析】选A。根据上文“Further complications left the young artist almost completely blind, making it difficult to see a whole figure. ”可知, 艾米看不到整张脸。see看见;touch触摸;draw画画;cover盖。故选A。
√
16. A. shared B. concluded
C. started D. recalled
【解析】选C。根据下文“Strangely, my experience has increased my ______when drawing, enabling me to catch a character better, ” she explains. 可知, 艾米开始了她的绘画旅程。share分享;conclude总结;start开始;recall回忆。故选C。
√
17. A. eyesight B. sensitivity
C. taste D. attention
【解析】选B。根据下文“enabling me to catch a character better”和“People often speak highly of the detail and sensitivity of the character. ”可知, 艾米可以更好地捕捉到角色, 所以她的经历增加了画画时的敏感度。eyesight视线;sensitivity敏感;taste味道;attention注意力。故选B。
√
18. A. talent B. choice C. role D. vision
【解析】选D。根据上文“Further complications left the young artist almost completely blind, making it difficult to see a whole figure. ”可知, 艾米的视力有问题, 所以随着绘画的继续, 她对自己的视觉有了更多的决心和欣赏。talent才能;choice选择;role角色;vision视觉。故选D。
√
19. A. gifts B. challenges
C. awards D. pains
【解析】选A。根据上文“People often speak highly of the detail and sensitivity of the character. I have more determination and appreciation for my ______. ”和下文“something unique and individual that has been gifted to us”可知, 艾米在经历一切磨难之后应该是会把获得的一切看作是她的礼物。gift礼物;challenge挑战;award奖励;pain痛苦。故选A。
√
20. A. relied on B. gone after
C. survived through D. thought of
【解析】选C。根据上文“The following years, she ______her special art journey. ”可知, 这里应该是指艾米的这些经历。rely on依赖;go after追随;survive through经历, 幸存下来;think of考虑。故选C。
√
21. A. active B. misty C. social D. regular
【解析】选B。根据下文“interaction between what I can and cannot see”可知, 在能看到的和看不到的事物之间就是模糊的。active积极的;misty模糊的;social社会的;regular有规律的。故选B。
22. A. losing B. leaving C. quitting D. failing
【解析】选C。根据第三段可知, 艾米的成就都归功于她的坚持和不放弃。 lose失去;leave离开;quit放弃; fail失败。故选C。
√
√课时跟踪训练
Unit 4　Body Language
Ⅰ. 阅读理解(共7小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分17. 5分)
A
(2025·湖北模拟)
36 hours of art course
with the New Arts Club — London
　　A good chance to learn under famous artist Oksana Leadbitter, and her New Arts Club.
　　Run according to your timetable, this part-time course is 36+hours of painting that is fit for anyone from beginners to more experienced painters. You must sign up for no less than 36 hours, for which you need to pay $356. 33.
　　All art materials are provided, including paints, brushes and more. All you need to do is bring yourself, and a wish to learn and meet new people. Oksana will guide you through a series of painting styles and skills, showing how a painting is done and offering frequent support to you. She gives special attention to the easiest ways of achieving the effects you want. She has her own style of teaching that allows people to make progress in a short period of time.
　　You will not need to attend every class. The course works on a by-hour basis, meaning you can use your hours as slowly or quickly as you wish.
　　Come and join us every Thursday at a spare room of the beautiful St Sofia Cathedral in Bayswater, London.
Courses:
10:00-12:00: Adult class
12:00-15:00: Children’s class
19:00-22:00: Adult evening class
　　The courses will begin on 15th May. Feel free to take part and say hello.
　　If you want more information, e-mail: newartsclublondon@.
　　Should special situations arise, the organizers would keep the right to cancel any of the events, resulting in the refund (退款) of cancelled remaining classes.
【语篇属性】
语篇 类型 应用文
主题 语境 人与社会(重要国际组织和社会公益机构)
语篇 内容 艺术课程的特色、要求、课程安排、费用等相关信息
语篇 结构 Para. 1 引出话题
Para. 2 课程的时间和费用
Para. 3 介绍授课老师Oksana
Para. 4 对于上课的时间要求
Para. 5 鼓励大家参加
Para. 6 课程安排
Para. 7 邮箱
Para. 8 万一特殊情况不能去上课的处理方法
1. What is a requirement for learners of the course
A. Sticking to the schedule.
B. Having prior experience.
C. Registering for at least 36 hours.
D. Bringing along painting materials.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“You must sign up for no less than 36 hours, for which you need to pay $356. 33. ”可知, 这门课程要求学习者必须注册至少36小时的课程。故选C。
2. What is attractive about Oksana’s teaching
A. Providing painting brushes.
B. Teaching in efficient ways.
C. Centering around practicing.
D. Offering one-to-one instruction.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Oksana will guide you. . . allows people to make progress in a short period of time. ”可知, Oksana特别关注用最简单的方法来达到你想要的效果, 可以让人们在短时间内取得进步, 由此可知, 高效是Oksana的教学吸引人的地方。故选B。
3. What do we know about the course
A. It runs two days a week.
B. It is refunded for cancellation.
C. It is intended for adult learners.
D. It costs a learner over $10 per hour.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段可知, 因特殊情况取消课程, 会对取消的剩余课程进行退款。故选B。
B
题型 题号 试题难度 话题或考点 试题来源 情境标注 融合标注
容易 较易 一般 较难 困难
阅读 理解 4—7 √ 表情符号的作用、现存问题及改进方向 2026·周口模拟 人与社会 和语言的结合
　　Have emojis worsened or improved language Or are they useful According to Evans, an expert on digital communication, “In the spoken medium, body language, such as gestures and facial expressions, provides a means of qualifying and adjusting the message delivered by the words we speak. ” That’s to say, a silly smile, rolled eyes, or folded arms can enrich what is said, and supply more information for interpretation.
　　According to an estimate, 30%—35% of derived(衍生的) meanings from daily social interactions come from language, while nearly 70% come from nonverbal signals, especially visual ones. Coincidentally, in another study, it was found that 70% of emoji usage directly relates to emotional expressions.
　　Emojis provide missing details for digital communication where chatting has character limits, and facial expressions and body movements are often hidden behind screens. The digital text alone is on occasion emotionally dull. And considering its similarity to punctuation(标点), the emoji is definitely the world’s first truly universal form of communication today.
　　While emojis are mainly used to add personal touches in dull, digital chats, they still have problems. Growing slowly, emojis are a set number of characters. In a new study by a global tech company, which surveyed thousands of emoji users around the world, only 20% feel their identities are completely reflected in current emoji options, and the majority aren’t pleased with them, declaring that emojis should continue to fight for more inclusive representation of users.
　　This thought is unsurprisingly driven by the younger generation, who rely upon emojis to express what’s in their mind. If emojis are used to share our nonverbal emotions, then they should represent the “speaker”, reflecting who is communicating. Customization is one solution—an approach we have already seen progress in. In 2015, the Unicode Consortium showed skin-tone modifiers(调节器). However, very quickly, those options were determined to be still too limited. Hairstyles and hair color modifiers were later introduced. There’s room to grow there too.
【语篇属性】
语篇 类型 说明文 主题 语境 人与社会
语篇 内容 文章探讨表情符号在数字沟通中的作用、现存问题及改进方向, 分析其与传统非语言信号的相似性
语篇 结构 Para. 1 通过提问引入话题, 并引用专家观点说明非语言信号在面对面交流中的重要性
Para. 2 用数据说明非语言信号在社交互动中的占比, 并发现表情符号使用与情感表达的高度相关性
Para. 3 分析表情符号在数字沟通中补充情感细节、弥补文本局限的作用
Para. 4 指出表情符号现存的问题:数量有限且缺乏包容性, 无法充分体现用户身份
Para. 5 提出定制化解决方案, 并介绍已取得的进展和改进空间
4. What role do nonverbal signals play in face-to-face communication
A. They are primarily used to avoid being impolite.
B. They contribute more to understanding than spoken words.
C. They account for less than half of the meanings expressed.
D. They are less important than in digital communication.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:nonverbal signals play in face-to-face communication
定信息 定位原文第二段:“nearly 70% come from nonverbal signals, especially visual ones”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A They are primarily used to avoid being impolite. 无中生有
B They contribute more to understanding than spoken words. 根据数据对比得出 考查数据解读和比较能力
C They account for less than half of the meanings expressed. 与数据矛盾(70%>50%) 排除错误表述
D They are less important than in digital communication. 未提及 排除无关选项
分析:选B。根据第二段数据, 非语言信号贡献了近70%的衍生意义, 远高于语言的30%—35%, 说明其对理解的作用大于语言
5. Why are most users dissatisfied with the present emojis
A. They are mechanical.
B. They are too complex.
C. They lack inclusiveness.
D. They reveal identities.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:dissatisfied with the present emojis
定信息 定位原文第四段:“only 20% feel their identities are completely reflected. . . more inclusive representation of users”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A They are mechanical. 未提及 排除无关选项
B They are too complex. 与文意相反(数量有限而非复杂) 辨析问题本质
C They lack inclusiveness. 根据关键句得出 考查对用户不满原因的理解
D They reveal identities. 与文意相反(无法充分体现用户身份) 排除矛盾选项
分析:选C。根据第四段, 仅20%的用户认为现有表情符号能完全体现身份, 大多数人要求更具包容性的代表, 说明用户不满主要源于表情符号缺乏包容性
6. How can the problems with emojis be addressed
A. By tailoring the designs.
B. By clarifying new meanings.
C. By restricting the usage.
D. By counting on young users.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:problems with emojis be addressed
定信息 定位原文最后一段:“Customization is one solution. . . skin-tone modifiers. . . Hairstyles and hair color modifiers were later introduced”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A By tailoring the designs. 根据关键句得出 考查对解决方案的识别
B By clarifying new meanings. 未提及 排除无关选项
C By restricting the usage. 与文意相反(应扩展而非限制) 排除错误方案
D By counting on young users. 片面理解(年轻人推动但非解决方案) 区分问题提出者与解决方式
分析:选A。最后一段明确提到“定制化”是解决方案, 并通过肤色、发型、发色等调节器的进展说明通过个性化设计解决问题
7. Which can be the most suitable title for the text
A. Emojis: The Perfect Solution to Emotional Expression
B. The Way Younger Generations Redefine Digital Interaction
C. Emojis: The Witness to the Rise and Fall of Traditional Language
D. The Impact and Development of Emojis in Modern Communication
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:suitable title
定信息 全文主线:作用分析(第一~三段)→问题指出(第四段)→解决方案(第五段)
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误
A Emojis: The Perfect Solution to Emotional Expression “perfect”过于绝对(仍有问题) 排除片面表述
B The Way Younger Generations Redefine Digital Interaction 侧重年轻人, 忽略全文广度 排除以偏概全
C Emojis: The Witness to the Rise and Fall of Traditional Language 未讨论传统语言衰落 排除过度解读
D The Impact and Development of Emojis in Modern Communication 全面覆盖作用、问题和发展 考查对文章主旨的概括
分析:选D。文章既讨论了表情符号的影响(补充情感细节、弥补文本局限), 也分析了其发展(现存问题和定制化改进), D项最全面
Ⅱ. 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)
(2025·南京模拟)
　　In 2014, Amy collapsed from a brain hemorrhage (脑溢血) while working. After a year recovering at home, she 　8　 a course with the ambition to become a 　9　.
　　However, occasional vision disturbance was still 　10　, influencing the amount of 　11　 she could give to the course. Further complications (并发症) left the young artist almost completely blind, making it difficult to see a whole figure. It’s particularly 　12　 because it seemed to 　13　 her optimism to be a painter!
　　One morning, when watching the sunrise, she suddenly felt a sense of 　14　. She realized that she may not 　15　 a whole face anymore, but it shouldn’t stop her from putting what she could see on canvas (画布). The following years, she 　16　 her special art journey.
　　“Strangely, my experience has increased my 　17　 when drawing, enabling me to catch a character better, ” she explains. “People often speak highly of the detail and sensitivity of the character. I have more determination and appreciation for my 　18　. These are 　19　 I wouldn’t have had without everything I’ve 　20　. ” For her new touring exhibition, she has produced a series of artworks based on her visual experience. “In the 　21　 interaction between what I can and cannot see lies my perspective on the world. ”
　　Sometimes, we can turn a loss into a gain: something unique and individual that has been gifted to us by never 　22　.
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述得了脑溢血的艾米在康复后视力模糊, 但仍然坚持成为一名画家的故事。
8. A. made use of　　　 B. looked forward to
C. signed up for D. took pride in
【解析】选C。根据下文“a course with the ambition to become a______”可知, 艾米在康复之后去报名参加了一门课程。make use of利用;look forward to期待;sign up for报名参加;take pride in因……骄傲。故选C。
9. A. teacher B. doctor
C. worker D. painter
【解析】选D。根据下文“. . . it seemed to ______her optimism to be a painter!”可知, 艾米打算成为一名画家。故选D。
10. A. present B. unnoticed
C. unusual D. strange
【解析】选A。根据下文“influencing the amount of______ she could give to the course”可知, 偶尔的视觉障碍影响了她, 所以是仍然存在的。present存在的;unnoticed没有注意到的;unusual不同寻常的;strange奇怪的。故选A。
11. A. credit B. energy
C. instruction D. donation
【解析】选B。根据上文“occasional vision disturbance was still______”可知, 偶尔的视觉障碍仍然存在, 所以影响了她在课程中所能给予的精力和能量。credit信用;energy精力;instruction指示;donation捐赠。故选B。
12. A. disappointing B. exciting
C. inspiring D. depressing
【解析】选D。根据上文“Further complications left the young artist almost completely blind, making it difficult to see a whole figure. ”可知, 作为一名画家却很难看到整个人物, 这是尤其令人沮丧的事情。disappointing令人失望的;exciting令人兴奋的;inspiring令人鼓舞的;depressing令人沮丧的。故选D。
13. A. ruin　　 B. boost　　 C. spread　 D. express
【解析】选A。根据上文“Further complications left the young artist almost completely blind, making it difficult to see a whole figure. ”可知, 很难看到整个人物会毁了画家的未来, 也毁了她的积极性。ruin毁灭;boost促进;spread展开;express表达。故选A。
14. A. achievement B. thankfulness
C. belongings D. security
【解析】选B。根据下文“She realized that she may not ______a whole face anymore, but it shouldn’t stop her from putting what she could see on canvas. ”可知, 艾米意识到她仍然可以画画, 所以应该是有感激之情。achievement成就;thankfulness感谢; belongings所有物;security安全。故选B。
15. A. see B. touch C. draw D. cover
【解析】选A。根据上文“Further complications left the young artist almost completely blind, making it difficult to see a whole figure. ”可知, 艾米看不到整张脸。see看见;touch触摸;draw画画;cover盖。故选A。
16. A. shared B. concluded
C. started D. recalled
【解析】选C。根据下文“Strangely, my experience has increased my ______when drawing, enabling me to catch a character better, ” she explains. 可知, 艾米开始了她的绘画旅程。share分享;conclude总结;start开始;recall回忆。故选C。
17. A. eyesight B. sensitivity
C. taste D. attention
【解析】选B。根据下文“enabling me to catch a character better”和“People often speak highly of the detail and sensitivity of the character. ”可知, 艾米可以更好地捕捉到角色, 所以她的经历增加了画画时的敏感度。eyesight视线;sensitivity敏感;taste味道;attention注意力。故选B。
18. A. talent B. choice C. role D. vision
【解析】选D。根据上文“Further complications left the young artist almost completely blind, making it difficult to see a whole figure. ”可知, 艾米的视力有问题, 所以随着绘画的继续, 她对自己的视觉有了更多的决心和欣赏。talent才能;choice选择;role角色;vision视觉。故选D。
19. A. gifts B. challenges
C. awards D. pains
【解析】选A。根据上文“People often speak highly of the detail and sensitivity of the character. I have more determination and appreciation for my ______. ”和下文“something unique and individual that has been gifted to us”可知, 艾米在经历一切磨难之后应该是会把获得的一切看作是她的礼物。gift礼物;challenge挑战;award奖励;pain痛苦。故选A。
20. A. relied on B. gone after
C. survived through D. thought of
【解析】选C。根据上文“The following years, she ______her special art journey. ”可知, 这里应该是指艾米的这些经历。rely on依赖;go after追随;survive through经历, 幸存下来;think of考虑。故选C。
21. A. active B. misty C. social D. regular
【解析】选B。根据下文“interaction between what I can and cannot see”可知, 在能看到的和看不到的事物之间就是模糊的。active积极的;misty模糊的;social社会的;regular有规律的。故选B。
22. A. losing B. leaving C. quitting D. failing
【解析】选C。根据第三段可知, 艾米的成就都归功于她的坚持和不放弃。 lose失去;leave离开;quit放弃; fail失败。故选C。
- 14 -(共56张PPT)
Unit 4　Body Language
Step 1　题源研读·入境体验
Step 3　跟踪评估·夯基提能
Step 2　核心考点·探究突破
Step 1　题源研读·入境体验
Step 1　题源研读·入境体验
Written Basque May Be 1, 000 Years Older than Anyone Thought
巴斯克文字可能比人们想象的要早1 000年
　　Shards of pottery often tell historians useful things, but even the geekiest archaeologist would admit they are not very exciting to look at. Not so a discovery in Irulegui, in Spain’s Navarre region: a life-size bronze cutout of a hand, green with age, with a small hole indicating that it was meant to hang, perhaps over a door. It was found in a village destroyed in a war of the 1st century BC. Such striking hand-shaped designs are unknown in Spanish or neighboring cultures.
　　Still more important is the short inscription, five words in an intriguing script. Experts recognized it as a version of the writing systems used for the now-extinct Iberian and Celtiberian languages, present on the peninsula before the Roman conquest. But this language was neither of those. The researchers were stunned to find that they could make out the first word—in Basque. “Sorioneku”, meaning “good fortune”, was staring the researchers in the face. A descendant of that word, zorionak, is used in the Basque“Happy Birthday” song today.
　　The findings are so significant because the Vascones, the predecessors of today’s Basques, who spoke an old form of their language, were not known to write. The previous oldest known writing in the language was in the Glosas Emilianenses.
　　Basque writing proper does not really begin until the 16th century.
　　Basque has long fascinated linguists and historians, as it is completely unrelated to its neighbors, speakers of the vast group of Indo-European languages that includes almost every other tongue in Europe. But Basque history has also been wrangled over, in the context of a long-running independence movement. Being able to set back the date of the written language by an entire millennium will delight fans of one of Europe’s most distinctive cultures.
—https://www. wsj. com
(同源高考:2023年全国甲卷B篇
阅读选自本报刊)
【名师原创】
1. What’s the main purpose of writing this passage ( )
A. To introduce the Indo-European languages used in Spain.
B. To introduce the development of a written language—Basque.
C. To introduce an essential archaeology discovery—a hand-shaped bronze.
D. To introduce the Spanish and neighboring cultures before the Roman conquest.
√
2. Why are archaeologists so excited about a discovery in Irulegui ( )
A. It has five words in an intriguing script.
B. It is in a special shape.
C. It boasts a fairly long history.
D. It is made up of valuable metal.
√
一词多义(present)
1. I am not satisfied with the present situation. _______
2. I wasn’t present when the doctor examined him. _____
3. I still need to buy a present for my friend. _____
4. This house is big enough for the present, but we’ll have to move if we
have children. __________
目前的
在场
礼物
目前;暂时
Step 2　核心考点·探究突破
【重点单词】
1. approve vi. 赞成;同意 vt. 批准;通过
【语境速测】
①(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)Instead of correcting others when they were struggling to
pronounce my name, I just smiled and nodded ____________(approve).
②Some of them approve ___ the idea that it is good to start learning English
in childhood.
approvingly
of
③Her parents approved of her ________(earn) money in her spare time,
warning her not to neglect her studies.
④If the plan ___________(approve), everything will go smoothly.
⑤My father ___________________and ___________________my decision
to go to the farm again.
我父亲赞许地点了点头, 同意了我再次去农场的决定。
earning
is approved
nodded approvingly
gave his approval to
(1)approve sth. 　　　　 批准某事
approve of. . . 赞成……;同意……
approve of (sb. /sb. ’s) doing sth. 赞成/同意(某人)做某事
(2)approval n. 赞同;认可
get one’s approval 得到某人的批准/同意
give (one’s) approval to　 同意;批准
disapproval n. 不赞同;反对
(3)approving adj. 赞同的
2. vary vi. (根据情况)变化; 改变
【语境速测】
①I also shop for ________(vary) things online, such as books, computer
hardware and other necessities.
②(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The reasons relate to __ variety of factors, including
reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset(心态) and a tendency to
multitask while consuming digital content.
various
a
③(2024·北京高考)The similarity of moral virtues across cultures is striking,
even though the relative ranking of the virtues may vary _____ a social group’s
history and environment.
④(2024·全国甲卷)Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the
national parks, in particular, tend to catch our attention because of their large
size and ________(vary).
⑤Customs can ________________________, so when we arrive in a new place,
we should do as the Romans do.
风俗因地区而异, 所以当我们到达一个新地方时, 我们应该入乡随俗。
with
variety
vary from region to region
(1)vary in. . . 　　 在……(大小、形状等)上不同
vary with/by 随……变化/改变
vary from. . . to. . . 在……范围内变动
(2)various/varied 　　　 adj. 各种各样的
(3)variety n. 种种; 多样化
a variety of/varieties of 种种; 各种各样的
3. witness vt. 当场看到;目击;见证 n. 目击者;证人
【语境速测】
①(2024·全国甲卷)They were part of a 15-member exploring party that had
spent almost five awesome weeks ___ witness of the natural beauties there.
②Someone broke into the bank last night and the police are now looking for
witnesses ___ the robbery.
in
to
③Last Friday witnessed our ______(go) into the park, a unique setting that
inspired me to create a painting of the peaceful lake surrounded by lush green
trees.
④Her children have learned an important lesson ______________________
_______________in spite of her old age.
在见证他们的母亲尽管老了依然获得了学位的过程中, 她的孩子们获得了
一个重要的启示。
going
witnessing their mother
earn her degree
(1)be (a) witness to sth. 目击/看见某事发生
bear/give witness to. . . 为……作证
in witness of 作为见证
(2)witness sth. 目击/目睹某事
witness. . . doing sth. 目睹……做某事
时间/地点名词+witness sth. ……目睹/见证了某事
【名师点津】
witness 作动词且后接to时, to是介词, 后须接名词或动词-ing形式。
4. occupy vt. 占据;占用;占领
【语境速测】
①The twins soon found themselves _________(occupy) in cleaning up the
kitchen while their father was occupying himself with the breakfast.
②I know you’ve had lots __________(occupy)your time, so you probably
didn’t have time to watch the football match between Manchester United
and Liverpool tonight.
occupied
to occupy
③Ultimately, you must state your full name, age and ___________(occupy)
in your application form.
④_____________________for the final exam, I have no alternative but to
decline your invitation.
我不得不拒绝你的邀请, 因为我那时忙于期末备考。
occupation
Occupied in preparing
occupy oneself with sth. /in doing sth. 忙于(做)某事;专心于(做)某事
be occupied (in) doing sth. 　 忙于做某事
be occupied with sth. 忙于某事
keep sb. /oneself occupied 使某人/自己忙碌
5. favour vt. 较喜欢;选择;有利于n. 帮助;恩惠;赞同(favourable adj. 赞成的;
有利的)
【语境速测】
①He is also known as a painter of light and shade and as an artist who
_________(favour)a realism that leads some critics to claim that he preferred
ugliness to beauty.
favoured
②(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking
my ________(favor) spot to settle, Italy was the clear winner.
③Undoubtedly, success and opportunities tend to ________________________.
毋庸置疑, 成功和机遇往往青睐那些有准备的人。
favorite
favour those who are ready
(1)ask sb. a favour　　 请某人帮忙
do sb. a favour 帮某人忙
(2)in favour of 同意;支持;赞成
in one’s favour 有利于某人;对某人有利
favour (doing) sth. 赞成(做)某事
6. adjust vt. 调整;调节 vi. &vt. (使)适应;(使)习惯
【语境速测】
①(2023·天津高考)Having tried several ____________(adjustment)to the
design for two months, the engineer eventually succeeded in building a highly
efficient system.
②It also has a voice control setting that enables you to stay hands-free, while its
waterproof band is fully __________(adjust)so that it is comfortable to wear.
adjustments
adjustable
③When Riley moves to a new city, she has a hard time adjusting ___ her new
surroundings.
④Knowing that ___________________________________________________,
I’m writing to give you some tips.
知道你很难适应新的学校生活, 我写信给你一些建议。
to
you have difficulty adjusting yourself to the new school life
(1)adjust. . . to. . . 　　 调整……以适应……
adjust to (doing) sth. 习惯/适应(做)某事
adjust oneself to sth. 使自己适应某事
(2)adjustment n. 调整;适应
make adjustments/an adjustment (to. . . ) (对……)做出调整
(3)adjustable adj. 可调节的
【核心短语】
7. break down消除;分解; 打破; (机器)损坏; 破坏; (谈判、计划等)失败;
破裂; (身体)垮掉;精神崩溃
【语境速测】
①It takes hundreds of years for plastic to break down, but much less time
for paper. _____
②The car suddenly broke down on the highway, leaving us in trouble for
hours. _______
分解
出故障
③A smile can break down barriers. We can use a smile to apologise, to greet
someone, to ask for help, or to start a conversation. _____
④News reports say peace talks between the two countries have broken down
with no agreement reached. ____________
⑤(2024·全国甲卷)If it’s short stories, Peter Mountford breaks down six
techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing. _____
⑥If you want to ______________________________, you should apologise
to her face to face.
如果你想消除误会, 你应该当面向她道歉。
消除
(谈判等)失败
分解
break down the misunderstanding
break in　　　 插嘴; 打断; 闯入
break into 破门而入; 突然……起来
break off 断绝; 中断; 折断
break out (火灾、战争等)突然爆发
break through 冲破; 突破
break up (使)破碎; (使)(关系等)破裂; 解散; 解体; 散会;
驱散; 制止
8. call on(短暂地)访问;要求(某人讲话等);正式邀请担任;任职
【语境速测】
①We are writing this letter to call ___ everyone to take part in the Clear Your
Plate campaign.
②The conference was ultimately called ___ because of the unexpected incident.
③The twin brothers called ___ their grandpa on a weekly basis.
④As we all know, success calls ____ much hard work.
⑤The teacher’s praise _____________________________________________.
老师的表扬勾起了我对母亲鼓励我的回忆。
on
off
on
for
called up memories of my mother’s encouragement
call up 　　　　　　 给……打电话;使想起
call at someplace 访问/拜访(某地);停靠
call for 需要;(公开)要求
call in 叫来;打来电话;下令收回
call off 取消
call on sb. to do sth. 请求或号召某人做某事
call on/upon sb. 拜访某人
【经典句型】
9. The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to
the culture you are in. 关键是使用肢体语言的方式要与你所处的文化相适
应。
【语境速测】
①My job is _____________________in the kindergarten.
我的工作是在幼儿园照顾孩子。
taking care of children
②What most people hate most is _______________.
大多数人最痛恨的就是被嘲笑。
③His adventures are ___________________________from a weak boy to a
man.
他的奇遇见证了他从一个懦弱的小男孩到男子汉的转变。
being laughed at
witnessing his transformation
(1)动词-ing形式作表语时, 句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。
(2)作表语的动词-ing形式与主语通常是对等的关系, 表示主语的内容, 主语、表语可互换位置。
(3)动词-ing形式的被动形式是being done。
10. And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing
the smiling face of a good friend. (P39)
如果我们感到沮丧或孤独, 没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。
【语境速测】
①From this experience, I learned that being careful is very important and that
we can’t be ____ careful, especially in examinations.
②He is never seen ________ his camera, always ready to capture a moment.
too
without
③They are never ____________(excited) than when planning their next vacation.
④如果没有奉献精神和毅力, 你就不可能实现你的目标。
_________________________________________________________________
⑤作为一个学生, 我可以告诉你, 没有什么比在同学面前被老师表扬更好
的了。
As a student, I can tell you that ____________________________________
by the teacher before classmates.
more excited
It’s impossible to achieve your goals without dedication and perseverance.
there is nothing better than being praised
常见的否定形式表示肯定意义的结构有:
cannot. . . too. . . 　 无论怎样……也不为过
nothing/not/no. . . impossible. . . 没有……不可能……
no/never. . . without. . . 没有……不……(表示双重否定)
Step 3　跟踪评估·夯基提能
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Those who are dressed _______________(appropriate)
will be refused permission to participate.
2. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian _________(approve) section signed.
3. (2024·全国甲卷)Join instructors from the Ceramics Program and great
potters from Quincy, Cabot and Mather Houses for ______________
(demonstration) using the potter’s wheel. Then create your own masterpiece!
inappropriately
approval
demonstrations
4. If you want a better job, start with a skill ___________(assess) and maybe
some extra training.
5. We hope today’s offer will meet with your _________(approve) too.
6. _________ of after-class activities will be held, ________ from the English
Corner to the Literature Club. So we students can get _______ experiences.
(vary)
7. I feel _________ of my _________ action, which is a _______ to me. (shame)
assessment
approval
Varieties
varying
various
ashamed
shameful
shame
8. Much to my ______________, he asked me an _____________ question.
I felt so ____________ that my face was red. (embarrass)
9. As _________ often say, the _________ can likely hunt for a better job and
teenagers should receive further _________ for their future. (educate)
embarrassment
embarrassing
embarrassed
educators
educated
education
Ⅱ. 完成句子
【短语填空】
1. 我赞成每个人都应该努力发展我们的城市。
I am ____________the idea that everyone should make great efforts to develop
our city.
2. 相比之下, 网络小说就像一种缺乏深度的快餐文化。
___________, online novels look like a kind of fast food culture which lacks
depth.
in favour of
By contrast
【句式仿写】
3. And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing
the smiling face of a good friend.
仿写:当你感到累的时候, 没有什么比洗个热水澡更好的了。
When you feel tired, _________________________a hot bath.
4. It is obvious that our minds can influence our bodies.
仿写:很明显, 一些肢体语言因文化而异。
________________some body language varies from culture to culture.
there is nothing better than
It is obvious that
5. Of course, not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.
仿写:出席会议的人并不是都赞成这一决定。
_____________present at the meeting was in favour of the decision.
Not everyone
Ⅲ. 语篇填空
(黑体词是本单元核心词汇)
　　Besides words, we use body language to express our thoughts and opinions
in our interactions with other people. We can learn a lot about 1. _____ people
are thinking by watching their body language.
what
　　Body language 2. _______(vary) from culture to culture. It is crucial
3. _______(use) body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture
4. _______you are. For example, making eye contact—looking into someone’s
eyes—in some countries is a way to display interest. In other countries,
5. ___ contrast, eye contact is not always approved of.
varies
to use
where
by
　　The gesture for “OK” has different meanings in different cultures. In Japan,
“OK” means money, while in France, it means zero. Even the gestures we use
for “yes” and “no” differ around the world. In many countries, 6. ________
(shake) one’s head means “no”, and nodding means “yes”. By 7. ____________
(compare), in Bulgaria and southern Albania, the gestures have the opposite
meaning. There are also differences in how we touch each other, how close we
stand to someone we 8. ___________(talk) to. Some gestures seem to have the
9. _________(identify) meaning everywhere. Some body language has many
different uses. Perhaps the 10. _____(good) example is smiling.
shaking
comparison
are talking
identical
best
Ⅳ. 单元话题写作|语言交流
假如你是班长李华, 你打算在英语第二课堂活动中谈谈作为交际辅助的“肢体语言(body language)”在交际中的重要性, 并就如何使用肢体语言提出一些合理的建议。请你结合本单元所学内容及以下要点写一篇英语发言稿:
1. 保持微笑;
2. 说话的时候要看对方的眼睛;
3. 聆听的时候要点头;
4. 使用恰当的手势。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80个左右;
2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
【连词成句】
1. 我们都知道肢体语言在交流中起着重要的作用。
As we all know, __________________________________________________.
2. 知道我们如何正确使用肢体语言是很重要的。
_____________________ how to _________________________.
3. 友好的面部表情会让人感到放松。
___________________________will make people feel relaxed.
body language plays an important part in communication
It is important to know
use body language properly
The friendly facial expression
4. 保持眼神交流, 这可以和你周围的人建立更好的联系。
___________________will create ______________________people around you.
5. 当他们在说话时, 别忘了时不时点头, 表示你在听。
When they are talking, __________________once in a while to show that you
are listening.
Keeping eye contact
a better connection with
don’t forget to nod
【连句成篇】
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear friends,
　　As we all know, body language plays an important part in communication. Much of our communication is done through body language, so it is important to know how to use body language properly.
　　First, keep smiling when you meet people. The friendly facial expression will make people feel relaxed. Second, keeping eye contact will create a better connection with people around you. Third, when they are talking, don’t forget to nod once in a while to show that you are listening. Fourth, gestures are an important part of our daily communication, so with proper gestures, you can make yourself better understood.
　　I believe if we pay attention to body language, our ability to communicate will improve.

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