资源简介

Unit 4　Journey Across a Vast Land
Step 1　题源研读·入境体验
Reverse Tourism
逆向旅游
　　Going against the tide of flocking to well-known tourist destinations on vacation, a growing number of holidaymakers in China tend to spend their leisure time at lesser-known resorts. Reverse tourism(逆向旅游) has appeared as a new trend among young holidaymakers in China. 　　According to data from an online travel agency, the number of rooms booked at hotels in less-traveled cities during the holiday was up 30 percent year-on-year. Bookings for four-star or five-star hotels in less-traveled places all increased at least 10-fold. Baimaiquan Park in Jinan, the capital of Shandong Province, received 52, 100 visits in the seven days, up 15. 78 percent year-over-year. 　　Besides crowds, some vacationers chose less-traveled places to save on the cost of trips to popular destinations. In addition, lesser-known attractions are not as “commercial” as developed ones and are able to offer more actual experiences and natural encounters. Essentially speaking, total relaxation is becoming a real expectation for many people when they travel. Changes in demand may be the fundamental reason for the popularity of reverse tourism. 　　“The rise of reverse tourism is not a bad thing, ” said Zhengzhou Daily. It means that vacationers now have more options. Jiang Han, a senior researcher, said that reverse tourism will become one of the future directions for the market. To give a real boost to the tourism market, Jiang suggested that more efforts be made to tap the potential of underrated, lesser-known destinations. It is necessary to dig deeper into the local customs and highlight the local characteristics to improve the quality of local tourism. —China Daily (同源高考:2022年全国乙卷语法填空选自该报纸)
【名师原创】 1. What are the statistics in Paragraph 2 mainly about (D) A. The popularity of travel agency in China. B. The contributions of tourism to the economy. C. The high income of hotels during holidays. D. The increasing trend of reverse tourism in China. 2. What may be the root cause of the rise of reverse tourism (B) A. The impact of the pandemic. B. Holidaymakers’ changing needs for travel. C. The lower cost of heading to less-traveled places. D. The lack of innovative improvements in famous attractions. 【长难句分析】 It is necessary to dig deeper into the local customs and highlight the local characteristics to improve the quality of local tourism. 本句是it作形式主语, 真正的主语是and连接的两个不定式短语to dig deeper into the local customs和(to)highlight the local characteristics;不定式短语“to improve the quality of local tourism”作目的状语。
Step 2　核心考点·探究突破
【重点单词】
1. arise vi. (arose, arisen)发生;出现;产生;起身, 起立;由……引起
【语境速测】
①Of course, the greatest dilemmas arise from moral problems, when we are uncertain which choice results in doing the right thing.
②Raised (raise) in a poor family, he found everything in the outside world aroused (arouse) his curiosity.
③Seeing her husband pace back and forth, the woman arose(arise) from the seat and asked him to stop.
④The little girl arose from her chair, wobbled toward her grandmother and sobbed, “I’m terribly sorry for telling lies to you. ”
小女孩从椅子上站起来, 摇摇晃晃地向奶奶走去, 抽噎道:“向您撒谎, 我非常抱歉。”
⑤Some misunderstandings arose between me and my best friend, making me quite upset.
我和我最好的朋友产生了一些误会, 这使我很心烦。
arise from=arise out of 由……引起;因……产生
arise from one’s chair/seat 从椅子/座位上站起来
2. bound adj. 准备前往 (某地); 一定会
n. 跳跃;界限, 限制vi. 跳跃(着前进)
【语境速测】
①Some of these ideas may sound far ahead of their time, but I’m sure they’re bound to happen(happen) sooner or later!
②“Come on, Robutt, ” he shouted. Robutt, who could hear him by radio, squeaked and bounded(bound) after.
③Jimmy looked at Robutt, who was squeaking again, a very low, slow squeak that seemed frightened. Jimmy held out his arms and Robutt was in them in one bound.
④So long as we hold fast to our ideals and never give up, we are bound to achieve success.
只要我们坚持梦想、永不放弃, 我们一定会取得成功。
be bound for someplace　前往某地
be bound to do sth. 注定做某事
be bound up in sth. 忙于某事;热衷于某事
be bound up with sth. 与某事有密切关系
3. freeze vi. &vt. 结冰;(使)冻住
【语境速测】
①I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched. Slowly, and with the camera still held to my eye, I turned and froze.
②Temperature remained below freezing during the afternoon.
③He strode over to the sofa where Dudley sat frozen with fear.
④The smile froze on her lips as he froze the picture on the screen.
⑤I was frozen with shock, feeling as if I had been thrown into a dark world.
我吓呆了, 觉得自己好像被扔进了一个黑暗的世界。
(1)freezing 　　　　　 adj. 极冷的;冰冷的
above/below freezing 在冰点以上/下
freezing point 冰点
freezing cold 极冷的;冻僵的
(2)frozen adj. 冰冻的, 严寒的;冷冻的, 冷藏的
be frozen to death 冻死
be frozen with fear/terror/horror/shock
吓呆/惊呆
(3)freeze to death 冻死
freeze in fear/terror/horror吓呆
freeze sb. with a frown 皱起眉头使某人感到沮丧
4. contrary adj. 相反的;相对立的
n. 相反的事实(或事情)
【语境速测】
①Contrary to popular belief, moderate exercise actually decreases your appetite.
②He is not selfish;on the contrary, he is very noble and generous.
③Unless there is evidence to the contrary, we ought to believe them.
④Contrary to popular belief, reading the English newspaper Youth doesn’t waste my time; on the contrary, it improves my overall competence.
与普遍的看法相反, 读英文报Youth没有浪费我的时间;恰恰相反, 它提高了我的整体能力。
to the contrary　相反的(强调反对性, 通常针对的是句子中某个具体的名词或概念)
on the contrary 与此相反;恰恰相反(着重于反对整个观点或陈述, 常用于纠正或反驳先前的论断)
be contrary to 与……相反/相违
5. astonish vt. 使十分惊讶; 使吃惊
【语境速测】
①Visitors would be astonished(astonish) to find the garden modeled closely on natural features.
②What astonished (astonish) me was that she didn’t care about my feelings.
③At the astonishing news, Mary froze with astonishment, as if rooted to the ground. (astonish)
④Seeing her husband holding a bunch of flowers, she froze, her mouth dropping open in astonishment.
看着丈夫抱着一束花, 她呆住了, 惊讶地张大了嘴。
(1)It astonishes sb. that. . . 令某人惊讶的是……
(2)astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的
It is astonishing that. . . 令人惊讶的是……
(3)astonished adj. 感到惊讶的
be astonished at. . . 对……感到惊讶
(4)astonishment n. 惊讶
to one’s astonishment 令某人惊讶的是
in/with astonishment 惊讶地
6. anticipate vt. 预料;预见;期望
【语境速测】
①Young people anticipate there being (be) more opportunities for further education.
②As Morrie anticipates (anticipate)his own death, he observes everything as though through new eyes—the things around him seem more beautiful than ever before and hold new meanings.
③The most eagerly anticipated parts of the CCTV Spring Festival Gala involve singing and dancing.
央视春节晚会最受期待的部分是歌舞。
anticipate sth. 　　　　 预料某事会发生
anticipate doing sth. 预期会做某事
anticipate that. . . 预期……;期望……
It is anticipated that. . . 据预测……
【核心短语】
7. take sb. ’s breath away 令人惊叹
【语境速测】
①While climbing up the stairs the old man always loses his breath.
②Take a deep breath, and then you may feel relaxed.
③They reached the company out of breath, only to be told they were fired.
④The race was so close that everyone was holding their breath at the finish.
(1)hold one’s breath　屏住呼吸
catch one’s breath 喘息; 恢复正常呼吸
lose one’s breath 喘不过气来
take a deep breath 深呼吸
out of breath 上气不接下气地
(2)breathe v. 呼吸
8. owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物; 把某事归功于某人
【语境速测】
①He owed his achievement to hard work and determination to succeed.
②It is owing to your encouragement that I can overcome my internal panic to challenge myself in the writing contest.
③I owe it to you that I have made great progress in English learning.
④I owe an apology to you for not going to the library with you on Saturday afternoon.
我欠你一个道歉, 因为周六下午我未能和你一起去图书馆。
⑤I owe my victory to my coach’s patient instructions and the support from my family and friends.
我把我的胜利归功于教练耐心的指导以及我家人和朋友的支持。
(1)owe sb. an apology　 该向某人道歉
owe sb. sth. 欠某人某物
owe it to sb. that. . . 多亏某人……
(2)owing to. . . 因为; 由于
【经典句型】
9. Rather than travel by commercial airline all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train. (P38)
她们没有一路乘商务航班旅行, 而是决定先飞往温哥华, 然后乘坐火车。
【语境速测】
尽管面对许多巨大的困难, 我宁愿努力也不愿放弃。
①In spite of many massive difficulties, I would rather work hard than give up.
②In spite of many massive difficulties, I would work hard rather than give up.
③In spite of many massive difficulties, I prefer to work hard rather than give up.
④It was they rather than I that were(be) to blame for the silly mistake.
⑤As is known to all, cultural relics belong to human beings rather than individuals, so they are well worth protecting.
众所周知, 文物是属于人类而不是属于个人的, 因此它们非常值得保护。
⑥I made up my mind to study harder rather than waste precious time on those useless things.
我下定决心更加努力学习而不是把宝贵的时间浪费在无用的事情上。
(1)rather than连接的两个并列成分作主语时, 谓语与其前面的成分在人称和数上保持一致。
(2)常见的含rather than的句型:
宁愿做……也不做……
Step 3　跟踪评估·夯基提能
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)With paper, there is a literal (literally)laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages.
2. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)It contains around 163, 000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic (idiom)phrases.
3. (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Given the astonishing (astonish) potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design:A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in.
4. (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography(photograph) in the wild.
5. Contrarily (contrary), edge location precision was improved.
6. Owing (owe) to staff shortages, there was no food on the plane.
7. It was not until last year that massive amounts of money were raised (raise) for the project.
8. I think it is the manager rather than the workers that is to blame(blame).
Ⅱ. 完成句子
【短语填空】
1. 她还欠父亲5 000元, 因此, 她不得不做一份兼职来赚更多的钱。
She still owes 5, 000 yuan to her father, and as a consequence, she has to take a part-time job to make more money.
2. 科学来自处理日常问题的实际需求。
Science arose from the practical necessity of dealing with everyday problems.
3. 如果你要承担这个项目, 你一定会遇到困难。
If you undertake the project, you are bound to encounter difficulties.
4. 它简直难以描述, 美得令人窒息。
It’s really beyond description and its beauty can take your breath away.
【句式仿写】
5. The tradition, dating back to 300 B. C. , was later incorporated into the Christian church.
仿写:始于13世纪的剑桥大学是英国最古老的大学之一, 许多学生梦寐以求。
University of Cambridge dating back to the 13th century is one of the oldest universities in Britain which many students dream about.
6. To our astonishment, they arrived on time.
仿写:令我们感到惊讶的是, 在这次霍乱暴发中多达14 000人失去生命。
To our astonishment, as many as 14, 000 people lost their lives in the outbreak of cholera.
7. Some people are absorbed in the past but not open to new memories, as is not the case for me.
仿写:医生一到艾米就好多了, 小孩子往往如此。
As is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.
Ⅲ. 语篇填空
(黑体词是本单元核心词汇)
　　Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian went to Canada to visit their cousins in Halifax 1. on the Atlantic coast. They decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train. And the thought of crossing the whole country by rail made them 2. excited　(excite).
　　Before setting off, they saw the sights in Vancouver. Though it was rainy, they were able 3. to take (take)a boat ride out into the bay. The next day, they took a pleasant hike in a forest just a short 4. distance(distant)away.
　　The next morning, they took the train to Lake Louise and after 5. getting(get)off, they took a taxi to Lake Louise 6. where they were struck by the beauty of the blue water. Then they went to Jasper, 7. enjoying(enjoy)the beautiful scenery as well as many different creatures. From Jasper, they took the train to Toronto. One of the train’s first stops was in Edmonton, which has one of the 8. largest(large)shopping malls in North America. From Edmonton, the train 9. headed(head)southeast across the great Canadian Prairie. They were amazed to see such 10. an open country. All in all, it took them four days to get to the capital of Ontario, Toronto.
Ⅳ. 单元话题写作|地理概况
　　请你以“My Adventure Story”为题, 写一篇日记。日记内容包括:
　　1. 时间、地点、人物;
　　2. 具体活动;
　　3. 你的感受。
【要点写作】
1. 我们走过茂密的森林, 穿过湍急的溪流, 最终到达了山脚下。
We walked through dense forests. We crossed rushing streams. Eventually we reached the foot of the mountain.
2. 我的腿受伤让我感到疼痛, 但我的决心让我继续前进。
An injury in my leg made me feel achy. However, my determination kept me going.
【句式升级】
3. 将句1改为含有三个并列的谓语动词的句子
We walked through dense forests, crossed rushing streams, and eventually reached the foot of the mountain
4. 将句2改为含有though引导的让步状语从句的句子
Though an injury in my leg made me feel achy, my determination kept me going.
【组句成篇】
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
My Adventure Story
Thursday, July 4th, Sunny
　　Today, Sarah and I set off to climb the challenging mountain—Peak Trail.
　　We walked through dense forests, crossed rushing streams, and eventually reached the foot of the mountain. As we climbed higher and higher, the path became steeper. Though an injury in my leg made me feel achy, my determination kept me going. When we eventually reached the peak, the wind howled and the rain poured down. We had to find shelter quickly. Luckily, we discovered a cave and managed to hide inside until the storm stopped. When it cleared, we climbed down.
　　This adventure made me want to explore nature more.
- 13 -(共53张PPT)
Unit 4　Journey Across a Vast Land
Step 1　题源研读·入境体验
Step 3　跟踪评估·夯基提能
Step 2　核心考点·探究突破
Step 1　题源研读·入境体验
Reverse Tourism
逆向旅游
　　Going against the tide of flocking to well-known tourist destinations on vacation, a growing number of holidaymakers in China tend to spend their leisure time at lesser-known resorts. Reverse tourism(逆向旅游) has appeared as a new trend among young holidaymakers in China.
　　According to data from an online travel agency, the number of rooms booked at hotels in less-traveled cities during the holiday was up 30 percent year-on-year. Bookings for four-star or five-star hotels in less-traveled places all increased at least 10-fold. Baimaiquan Park in Jinan, the capital of Shandong Province, received 52, 100 visits in the seven days, up 15. 78 percent year-over-year. Changes in demand may be the fundamental reason for the popularity of reverse tourism.
　　Besides crowds, some vacationers chose less-traveled places to save on the cost of trips to popular destinations. In addition, lesser-known attractions are not as “commercial” as developed ones and are able to offer more actual experiences and natural encounters. Essentially speaking, total relaxation is becoming a real expectation for many people when they travel.
　　“The rise of reverse tourism is not a bad thing, ” said Zhengzhou Daily. It means that vacationers now have more options. Jiang Han, a senior researcher, said that reverse tourism will become one of the future directions for the market.
To give a real boost to the tourism market, Jiang suggested that more efforts be made to tap the potential of underrated, lesser-known destinations. It is necessary to dig deeper into the local customs and highlight the local characteristics to improve the quality of local tourism.
—China Daily
(同源高考:2022年全国乙卷语法填空选自该报纸)
【名师原创】
1. What are the statistics in Paragraph 2 mainly about ( )
A. The popularity of travel agency in China.
B. The contributions of tourism to the economy.
C. The high income of hotels during holidays.
D. The increasing trend of reverse tourism in China.
√
2. What may be the root cause of the rise of reverse tourism ( )
A. The impact of the pandemic.
B. Holidaymakers’ changing needs for travel.
C. The lower cost of heading to less-traveled places.
D. The lack of innovative improvements in famous attractions.
√
【长难句分析】
It is necessary to dig deeper into the local customs and highlight the local
characteristics to improve the quality of local tourism.
本句是it作_________, 真正的主语是and连接的两个不定式短语______
__________________________和________________________________;
不定式短语“to improve the quality of local tourism”作_________。
形式主语
to dig
deeper into the local customs
(to)highlight the local characteristics
目的状语
Step 2　核心考点·探究突破
【重点单词】
1. arise vi. (arose, arisen)发生;出现;产生;起身, 起立;由……引起
【语境速测】
①Of course, the greatest dilemmas arise _____ moral problems, when we are
uncertain which choice results in doing the right thing.
②_______(raise) in a poor family, he found everything in the outside world
________(arouse) his curiosity.
from
Raised
aroused
③Seeing her husband pace back and forth, the woman ______(arise) from the
seat and asked him to stop.
④The little girl ___________________, wobbled toward her grandmother and
sobbed, “I’m terribly sorry for telling lies to you. ”
小女孩从椅子上站起来, 摇摇晃晃地向奶奶走去, 抽噎道:“向您撒谎, 我非常
抱歉。”
⑤____________________________between me and my best friend, making
me quite upset.
我和我最好的朋友产生了一些误会, 这使我很心烦。
arose
arose from her chair
Some misunderstandings arose
arise from=arise out of 由……引起;因……产生
arise from one’s chair/seat 从椅子/座位上站起来
2. bound adj. 准备前往 (某地); 一定会
n. 跳跃;界限, 限制vi. 跳跃(着前进)
【语境速测】
①Some of these ideas may sound far ahead of their time, but I’m sure they’re
bound __________(happen) sooner or later!
②“Come on, Robutt, ” he shouted. Robutt, who could hear him by radio,
squeaked and _________(bound) after.
to happen
bounded
③Jimmy looked at Robutt, who was squeaking again, a very low, slow squeak
that seemed frightened. Jimmy held out his arms and Robutt was in them ___
one bound.
④So long as we hold fast to our ideals and never give up, we ____________
______________.
只要我们坚持梦想、永不放弃, 我们一定会取得成功。
in
are bound to
achieve success
be bound for someplace　 前往某地
be bound to do sth. 注定做某事
be bound up in sth. 忙于某事;热衷于某事
be bound up with sth. 与某事有密切关系
3. freeze vi. &vt. 结冰;(使)冻住
【语境速测】
①I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched. Slowly, and with the
camera still held to my eye, I turned and _____.
②Temperature remained below ________ during the afternoon.
③He strode over to the sofa where Dudley sat ______ with fear.
④The smile _____ on her lips as he froze the picture on the screen.
⑤I ____________________, feeling as if I had been thrown into a dark world.
我吓呆了, 觉得自己好像被扔进了一个黑暗的世界。
froze
freezing
frozen
froze
was frozen with shock
(1)freezing 　　　　　 adj. 极冷的;冰冷的
above/below freezing 在冰点以上/下
freezing point 冰点
freezing cold 极冷的;冻僵的
(2)frozen adj. 冰冻的, 严寒的;冷冻的, 冷藏的
be frozen to death 冻死
be frozen with fear/terror/horror/shock 吓呆/惊呆
(3)freeze to death 冻死
freeze in fear/terror/horror 吓呆
freeze sb. with a frown 皱起眉头使某人感到沮丧
4. contrary adj. 相反的;相对立的
n. 相反的事实(或事情)
【语境速测】
①Contrary ___ popular belief, moderate exercise actually decreases your
appetite.
②He is not selfish; ___ the contrary, he is very noble and generous.
③Unless there is evidence to ____ contrary, we ought to believe them.
to
on
the
④________________________, reading the English newspaper Youth doesn’t
waste my time; ______________, it improves my overall competence.
与普遍的看法相反, 读英文报Youth没有浪费我的时间;恰恰相反, 它提高了
我的整体能力。
Contrary to popular belief
on the contrary
to the contrary　 相反的(强调反对性, 通常针对的是句子中某个具体的名
词或概念)
on the contrary 与此相反;恰恰相反(着重于反对整个观点或陈述, 常用于
纠正或反驳先前的论断)
be contrary to 与……相反/相违
5. astonish vt. 使十分惊讶; 使吃惊
【语境速测】
①Visitors would be ___________(astonish) to find the garden modeled closely
on natural features.
②What ___________(astonish) me was that she didn’t care about my feelings.
③At the ___________ news, Mary froze with ____________, as if rooted to the
ground. (astonish)
astonished
astonished
astonishing
astonishment
④Seeing her husband holding a bunch of flowers, she froze, her mouth
dropping open _______________.
看着丈夫抱着一束花, 她呆住了, 惊讶地张大了嘴。
in astonishment
(1)It astonishes sb. that. . . 令某人惊讶的是……
(2)astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的
It is astonishing that. . . 令人惊讶的是……
(3)astonished adj. 感到惊讶的
be astonished at. . . 对……感到惊讶
(4)astonishment n. 惊讶
to one’s astonishment 令某人惊讶的是
in/with astonishment 惊讶地
6. anticipate vt. 预料;预见;期望
【语境速测】
①Young people anticipate there ______(be) more opportunities for further
education.
②As Morrie ___________(anticipate)his own death, he observes everything as
though through new eyes—the things around him seem more beautiful than ever
before and hold new meanings.
being
anticipates
③The most ________________________ the CCTV Spring Festival Gala
involve singing and dancing.
央视春节晚会最受期待的部分是歌舞。
eagerly anticipated parts of
anticipate sth. 　　　　 预料某事会发生
anticipate doing sth. 预期会做某事
anticipate that. . . 预期……;期望……
It is anticipated that. . . 据预测……
【核心短语】
7. take sb. ’s breath away 令人惊叹
【语境速测】
①While climbing up the stairs the old man always ______________.
②_________________, and then you may feel relaxed.
③They reached the company ____________, only to be told they were fired.
④The race was so close that everyone was ___________________at the finish.
loses his breath
Take a deep breath
out of breath
holding their breath
(1)hold one’s breath　 屏住呼吸
catch one’s breath 喘息; 恢复正常呼吸
lose one’s breath 喘不过气来
take a deep breath 深呼吸
out of breath 上气不接下气地
(2)breathe v. 呼吸
8. owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物; 把某事归功于某人
【语境速测】
①He owed his achievement ___ hard work and determination to succeed.
②It is owing ___ your encouragement that I can overcome my internal panic to
challenge myself in the writing contest.
③I owe it to you _____ I have made great progress in English learning.
to
to
that
④I ____________________for not going to the library with you on Saturday
afternoon.
我欠你一个道歉, 因为周六下午我未能和你一起去图书馆。
⑤I __________________________________________________________
from my family and friends.
我把我的胜利归功于教练耐心的指导以及我家人和朋友的支持。
owe an apology to you
owe my victory to my coach’s patient instructions and the support
(1)owe sb. an apology　 该向某人道歉
owe sb. sth. 欠某人某物
owe it to sb. that. . . 多亏某人……
(2)owing to. . . 因为; 由于
【经典句型】
9. Rather than travel by commercial airline all the way, they decided to
fly to Vancouver and then take the train. (P38)
她们没有一路乘商务航班旅行, 而是决定先飞往温哥华, 然后乘坐火车。
【语境速测】
尽管面对许多巨大的困难, 我宁愿努力也不愿放弃。
①In spite of many massive difficulties, I _________________________________.
would rather work hard than give up
②In spite of many massive difficulties, I _______________________________
___.
③In spite of many massive difficulties, I _____________________________
_______.
④It was they rather than I that ______(be) to blame for the silly mistake.
would work hard rather than give
up
prefer to work hard rather than
give up
were
⑤As is known to all, cultural relics ________________________________
___________, so they are well worth protecting.
众所周知, 文物是属于人类而不是属于个人的, 因此它们非常值得保护。
⑥I made up my mind __________________________________________
on those useless things.
我下定决心更加努力学习而不是把宝贵的时间浪费在无用的事情上。
belong to human beings rather than
individuals
to study harder rather than waste precious time
(1)rather than连接的两个并列成分作主语时, 谓语与其前面的成分在人称和数上保持一致。
(2)常见的含rather than的句型:
宁愿做……
也不做……
Step 3　跟踪评估·夯基提能
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)With paper, there is a _______(literally)laying on of hands,
along with the visual geography of distinct pages.
2. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)It contains around 163, 000 words, plus word combinations
and _________ (idiom)phrases.
3. (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Given the ___________ (astonish) potential of AI to
transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered
future, and this is where AI by Design:A Plan for Living with Artificial
Intelligence comes in.
literal
idiomatic
astonishing
4. (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces
you to the basic principles of _____________(photograph) in the wild.
5. ___________(contrary), edge location precision was improved.
6. _______(owe) to staff shortages, there was no food on the plane.
7. It was not until last year that massive amounts of money ___________(raise)
for the project.
8. I think it is the manager rather than the workers that is _________(blame).
photography
Contrarily
Owing
were raised
to blame
Ⅱ. 完成句子
【短语填空】
1. 她还欠父亲5 000元, 因此, 她不得不做一份兼职来赚更多的钱。
She still _____ 5, 000 yuan ___ her father, and as a consequence, she has to
take a part-time job to make more money.
2. 科学来自处理日常问题的实际需求。
Science ___________the practical necessity of dealing with everyday problems.
owes
to
arose from
3. 如果你要承担这个项目, 你一定会遇到困难。
If you undertake the project, you ____________encounter difficulties.
4. 它简直难以描述, 美得令人窒息。
It’s really beyond description and its beauty can ____________________.
are bound to
take your breath away
【句式仿写】
5. The tradition, dating back to 300 B. C. , was later incorporated into the
Christian church.
仿写:始于13世纪的剑桥大学是英国最古老的大学之一, 许多学生梦寐以求。
_____________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
University of Cambridge dating back to the 13th century is one of the
oldest universities in Britain which many students dream about.
6. To our astonishment, they arrived on time.
仿写:令我们感到惊讶的是, 在这次霍乱暴发中多达14 000人失去生命。
____________________________________________________________
____________________
7. Some people are absorbed in the past but not open to new memories,
as is not the case for me.
仿写:医生一到艾米就好多了, 小孩子往往如此。
_________________________________________________________
_______________
To our astonishment, as many as 14, 000 people lost their lives in the
outbreak of cholera.
As is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the
doctor arrived.
Ⅲ. 语篇填空
(黑体词是本单元核心词汇)
　　Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian went to Canada to visit their cousins in
Halifax 1. ___ the Atlantic coast. They decided to fly to Vancouver and then take
the train. And the thought of crossing the whole country by rail made them
2. ________(excite).
on
excited
　　Before setting off, they saw the sights in Vancouver. Though it was rainy,
they were able 3. _______(take)a boat ride out into the bay. The next day, they
took a pleasant hike in a forest just a short 4. _________(distant)away.
to take
distance
　　The next morning, they took the train to Lake Louise and after 5. _______
(get)off, they took a taxi to Lake Louise 6. _______they were struck by the beauty
of the blue water. Then they went to Jasper, 7. _________(enjoy)the beautiful
scenery as well as many different creatures. From Jasper, they took the train to
Toronto. One of the train’s first stops was in Edmonton, which has one of the
8. _______(large)shopping malls in North America. From Edmonton, the train
9. ________(head)southeast across the great Canadian Prairie. They were amazed
to see such 10. ___ open country. All in all, it took them four days to get to the
capital of Ontario, Toronto.
getting
where
enjoying
largest
headed
an
Ⅳ. 单元话题写作|地理概况
　　请你以“My Adventure Story”为题, 写一篇日记。日记内容包括:
　　1. 时间、地点、人物;
　　2. 具体活动;
　　3. 你的感受。
【要点写作】
1. 我们走过茂密的森林, 穿过湍急的溪流, 最终到达了山脚下。
We walked through dense forests. We ______________________. Eventually
we _____________________________.
2. 我的腿受伤让我感到疼痛, 但我的决心让我继续前进。
__________________________________. However, my determination kept
me going.
crossed rushing streams
reached the foot of the mountain
An injury in my leg made me feel achy
【句式升级】
3. 将句1改为含有三个并列的谓语动词的句子
_________________________________________________________________
_____________________________
4. 将句2改为含有though引导的让步状语从句的句子
_________________________________________, my determination kept me
going.
We walked through dense forests, crossed rushing streams, and eventually
reached the foot of the mountain
Though an injury in my leg made me feel achy
【组句成篇】
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
My Adventure Story
Thursday, July 4th, Sunny
　　Today, Sarah and I set off to climb the challenging mountain—Peak Trail.
　　We walked through dense forests, crossed rushing streams, and eventually reached the foot of the mountain. As we climbed higher and higher, the path became steeper. Though an injury in my leg made me feel achy, my
determination kept me going. When we eventually reached the peak, the wind howled and the rain poured down. We had to find shelter quickly. Luckily, we discovered a cave and managed to hide inside until the storm stopped. When it cleared, we climbed down.
　　This adventure made me want to explore nature more.课时跟踪训练
Unit 4　Journey Across a Vast Land
题型 题号 试题难度 话题或考点 试题来源 情境标注 融合标注
容易 较易 一般 较难 困难
阅读 理解 1—4 √ 道路对野生动物的影响 2026·浙江模拟 人与自然 —
5—8 √ 城市设计影响人际互动 2026·湛江模拟 人与社会 —
Ⅰ. 阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分20分)
A
　　Through evolution, animals have developed numerous ways to protect themselves from predators(捕食者). Turtles hide in their shells, and skunks(臭鼬) use smelly liquid. But these defenses don’t work against cars. Environmental journalist Ben Goldfarb explains, “When facing a car, these defenses are useless—or even harmful. Staying still is the worst choice. Roadkill is a serious threat to wildlife. ”
　　Roads also act as barriers, preventing animals from moving freely. The constant traffic on highways creates what scientists call a “moving fence”—a wall of vehicles that animals avoid crossing. While we often see dead animals like deer or squirrels on roads, we don’t see the ones that never try to cross. This isolation can harm animal populations more than roadkill itself.
　　Chemicals from roads also damage the environment. Every year, the U. S. uses about 20 million tons of road salt to melt ice, which pollutes nearby soil and plants. Cars release metals like zinc and copper, and tires leave behind microplastics. These pollutants make roadsides dangerous for creatures like monarch butterflies, even though these areas could otherwise be good habitats.
　　Roadsides sometimes attract animals with food like flowers or berries, but this becomes an “ecological trap”. Animals are drawn to these resources, only to face the danger of traffic.
　　Interestingly, when traffic decreases, animals quickly adapt. Researchers in the Bay Area found that when cars disappeared for months, white-crowned sparrows—small songbirds—started singing more complex and varied songs. Without traffic noise, they no longer needed to “shout” and could return to their natural behaviors. This shows how much roads affect wildlife—but also how adaptable animals can be.
　　Despite these challenges, Goldfarb says, certain species have made remarkable adaptations. He notes that Chicago’s urban foxes are said to look both ways before crossing the street. “We think about roads as these forces that are universally or exclusively harmful to animals, and certainly they’re incredibly destructive, ” he says. “But wildlife is also impressively adaptive and clever and animals are finding ways to make a living in our midst. ”
【语篇属性】
语篇 类型 说明文 主题 语境 人与自然
语篇 内容 文章主要介绍了道路对野生动物产生的多方面影响, 包括道路致死、阻碍迁徙、造成污染以及形成生态陷阱等, 同时也提到了动物在交通减少时的适应能力和某些物种的适应性变化
语篇 结构 Para. 1 动物演化出多种御敌之法, 却对汽车无用, 路杀是野生动物面临的重大威胁
Para. 2 道路如屏障般阻碍动物自由活动, 这种隔离对动物种群的危害比路杀本身更大
Para. 3 道路上的化学物质污染周边环境, 使路边对帝王蝶等生物变得危险
Para. 4 路边食物会吸引动物, 却易让它们陷入交通危险, 形成“生态陷阱”
Para. 5 交通减少时动物能快速适应, 如湾区白冠麻雀恢复复杂鸣叫
Para. 6 部分物种能出色适应道路环境, 如芝加哥的城市狐狸过马路前会左右看
1. How does the author start the text in the first paragraph
A. By stating a reason.
B. By providing statistics.
C. By defining a concept.
D. By giving examples.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:start the text in the first paragraph
定信息 在原文中定位关键信息确定答题关键句为第一段的“Turtles hide in their shells, and skunks use smelly liquid. ”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A By stating a reason. 无中生有 考查学生对文章开篇方式的理解能力, 检验学生能否判断第一段的写作手法
B By providing statistics. 无中生有
C By defining a concept. 无中生有
D By giving examples. 正确
分析:选D。第一段通过列举乌龟躲进壳里和臭鼬使用臭液开篇
2. What harmful impact do roads have on wildlife
A. Less food supply.
B. Restricted movement.
C. Increased predators.
D. Species extinction.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:harmful impact do roads have on wildlife
定信息 在原文中定位关键信息确定答题关键句为第二段第一句“Roads also act as barriers, preventing animals from moving freely. ”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A Less food supply. 无中生有 考查学生对文章细节的理解能力, 检验学生能否准确找到道路对野生动物的有害影响
B Restricted movement. 正确
C Increased predators. 无中生有
D Species extinction. 无中生有
分析:选B。根据第二段可知, 道路对野生动物的有害影响是限制了它们的活动
3. What can we infer from Goldfarb’s words in the last paragraph
A. Roads are not truly harmful to wildlife.
B. Urban foxes seldom get hit by vehicles.
C. Animals adapt cleverly to dangerous roads.
D. Wildlife protection deserves highest attention.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:Goldfarb’s words in the last paragraph
定信息 在原文中定位关键信息确定答题关键句为最后一段的“‘We think about roads as these forces that are universally or exclusively harmful to animals, and certainly they’re incredibly destructive, ’ he says. ‘But wildlife is also impressively adaptive and clever and animals are finding ways to make a living in our midst. ’”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A Roads are not truly harmful to wildlife. 表述错误 考查学生对人物话语的推理能力, 检验学生能否根据Goldfarb的话推断出正确结论
B Urban foxes seldom get hit by vehicles. 无中生有
C Animals adapt cleverly to dangerous roads. 正确
D Wildlife protection deserves highest attention. 无中生有
分析:选C。根据最后一段Goldfarb的话可知, 动物能聪明地适应危险的道路
4. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage
A. To advocate reducing traffic.
B. To preserve wildlife diversity.
C. To analyze roads’ effects on wildlife.
D. To highlight roadkill danger to animals.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:author’s purpose in writing this passage
定信息 综合全文内容, 文章分析了道路对野生动物的多方面影响, 包括造成路杀、形成屏障、带来化学污染等, 也提到了动物的适应情况
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A To advocate reducing traffic. 无中生有 考查学生对文章写作目的的概括能力, 检验学生能否把握作者的写作意图
B To preserve wildlife diversity. 无中生有
C To analyze roads’ effects on wildlife. 正确
D To highlight roadkill danger to animals. 以偏概全
分析:选C。作者写这篇文章的目的是分析道路对野生动物的影响
B
　　Jan Gehl is an architect and a city design consultant. His idea in a book shows an important truth: City environments influence human interaction. In poorly designed streets, there is little activity—people hurry home and avoid talking to others. In comparison, well-designed spaces set free different activities, from casual walks to public gatherings. As Gehl says, the difference between lifeless roads and lively streets lies in design that welcomes spontaneity(自发性).
　　Street corners show this well. Busy crossroads have their own social patterns: People waiting for traffic lights chat, say goodbye, or gather around vendor stalls(摊位). Sociologist William H. Whyte observed in The Social Life of Small Urban Spaces that even a single vendor can transform a corner into a mini-community, proving that small spaces can help build big relationships. These moments turn ordinary stops into opportunities for interaction.
　　Streets are the birthplace of relationships. Neighbors meet on connecting roads;coworkers bond over roadside drinks;strangers share short talks. These interactions build the urban social structure. As the lines between public and private spaces become less clear, streets become like extensions of home, where community takes shape naturally.
　　Urban experts emphasize the power of design. Jane Jacobs’ “frequent streets” prioritize daily interactions, while Edward T. Hall’s research shows seating arrangements affect social dynamics. A bench facing an open area or a sunny walkway encourages people to pause and interact. Thoughtful design—from shade structures to designs that are friendly to pedestrians(行人)—turns spaces into places for connection.
　　Despite their value, lively streets are rare due to challenges like noise, pollution, and safety worries. Planners must realize well-maintained streets should be places where people feel they belong, proving that life between buildings is the life of the city. So they should address these through comprehensive design: protecting spaces from bad elements, reducing traffic jams, and ensuring access for everyone. Taking care of them is also important, as well-designed spaces do well only when they are kept up.
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了城市设计影响人际互动, 专家强调了设计的重要性并建议改善街道设计, 以促进互动。
5. What does the first paragraph mainly show
A. Roads are full of entertainment activities.
B. City design shapes the ways people interact.
C. Poor street design results in low foot traffic.
D. Public gatherings depend on space maintenance.
【解析】选B。段落大意题。根据第一段中“Jan Gehl is an architect and a city design consultant. His idea in a book shows an important truth: City environments influence human interaction. (Jan Gehl是一位建筑师和城市设计顾问。他在一本书中的观点揭示了一个重要的事实:城市环境影响人类互动。)”可知, 第一段主要表明城市设计塑造了人们的互动方式。
6. What role do vendor stalls play according to Paragraph 2
A. Protecting pedestrian safety.
B. Transforming commercial zones.
C. Serving as social gathering points.
D. Creating job opportunities in communities.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sociologist William H. Whyte observed in The Social Life of Small Urban Spaces that even a single vendor can transform a corner into a mini-community, proving that small spaces can help build big relationships. (社会学家William H. Whyte在《小城市空间的社会生活》中观察到, 即使是一个摊贩也能把一个街角变成一个小社区, 这证明小空间有助于建立大关系。)”可知, 摊位起到了社交聚集点的作用。
7. What do Jane Jacobs and Edward T. Hall emphasize about the design in streets
A. Its source. 　　　　　 B. Its impacts.
C. Its complexity. D. Its limitations.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段中“Urban experts emphasize the power of design. Jane Jacobs’ ‘frequent streets’ prioritize daily interactions, while Edward T. Hall’s research shows seating arrangements affect social dynamics. (城市专家强调设计的力量。Jane Jacobs的‘多而密的街道’优先考虑日常互动, 而Edward T. Hall的研究表明, 座位安排会影响社会动态。)”可知, Jane Jacobs和Edward T. Hall强调了街道设计的影响。
8. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the last paragraph
A. To make a bet.
B. To make decisions.
C. To make a complaint.
D. To make suggestions.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段中“So they should address these through comprehensive design: protecting spaces from bad elements, reducing traffic jams, and ensuring access for everyone. Taking care of them is also important, as well-designed spaces do well only when they are kept up. (因此, 他们应该通过综合设计来解决这些问题:保护空间免受不良因素的影响, 减少交通拥堵, 确保人人都能通行。照顾好它们也很重要, 因为只有精心维护, 设计良好的空间才能发挥作用。)”可知, 作者写最后一段的主要目的是提出建议。
Ⅱ. 七选五(共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
题型 题号 试题难度 话题或考点 试题来源 情境标注 融合标注
容易 较易 一般 较难 困难
七选五 9—13 √ 赠礼行为引发心理压力 2025·潍坊模拟 人与社会 —
　　Gifts are so meaningful that many believe that gifts from their romantic partner are a big way they can understand how much their partner loves them. 　9　But in fact, gift-giving and receiving is actually the least popular love language. This leads to the question: Why do most people say that gift-giving stresses them out
　　Part of the problem is that occasions that involve gift-giving are filled with uncertainty. If it’s an occasion like Christmas, where people are shopping for each other at the same time, people might be nervous about whether the gift they give will be in the same category as the gift they will also receive. 　10　Imagine that someone is showing some signs of Seasonal Affective Disorder, and you’re considering giving him a light therapy(光疗) lamp as a gift. The receiver may possibly regard this as “just what they needed”. But what if the lamp-receiver interprets the gift as an unwelcome piece of comment on their current state
　　Another issue is that you’re probably going to give a bad gift, and that bad gift might overshadow the many good gifts you’ve given. 　11　The idea, simply put, is that bad outcomes have a stronger psychological impact than comparable good outcomes. Few baseball fans remember all the ground balls that Bill Buckner fielded cleanly but many remember the one that went through his legs.
　　Worst of all, there’s the anxiety that comes with receiving gifts. You might expect that a lot of well-meaning but disappointing gifts are heading your way. There can be some unease that comes with knowing that you’ll soon need to perform joy and appreciation. 　12　
　　　13　When done carefully, it can be a wonderful way to communicate to loved ones that we appreciate and understand them. Gifts can absolutely draw people closer together in a lasting way.
A. The smell of a bad gift can remain.
B. However, gift-giving is not all bad, of course.
C. Uncertainty can also result from different categories of gifts.
D. There is also great uncertainty around how the gift-receivers will respond.
E. Soon you may be in a state of paying for your such kind of overperformance.
F. Indeed, gift-giving occasions seem like wonderful opportunities to create delight.
G. Even worse, you might worry the gift-giver will detect your insincerity and get hurt.
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨赠礼行为引发心理压力的三大根源(不确定性、负面偏差、回礼焦虑), 并指出精心赠礼仍具有积极意义。
9. 【解析】选F。考查上下文逻辑(转折铺垫)。空格前面说很多人觉得礼物重要, 空格后面“But in fact. . . ”阐述其实送礼物最不受欢迎。这里需要一个能解释“为什么大家会这么想(觉得礼物重要)”的句子。F项“事实上, 送礼场合似乎是创造快乐的绝佳机会”正好解释了为什么很多人觉得礼物重要, 符合语境。
10. 【解析】选D。考查段落主题句+例证关系。此段开头总说“赠礼场合充满不确定性”。空格前面举了圣诞节担心礼物类别是否相同的例子(一种不确定性), 空格后面举了光疗灯的例子(收礼者可能喜欢也可能觉得被冒犯)。D项“收礼者会如何反应也有很大不确定性”总结了后面光疗灯的例子要说明的核心问题——你猜不透对方收到礼物时的想法和感受。
11. 【解析】选A。考查支撑论点。空格前面说“坏礼物会掩盖好礼物的风头”, 空格后面解释了原因:坏事情比好事情给人印象更深(心理学上的“负面偏差”), 并用棒球手的例子作证明。A项用“坏礼物的气味会残留”这个形象的比喻, 贴切地说明了后面讲的道理:一次坏礼物带来的糟糕印象会持续很久, 如同难闻的气味散不掉, 呼应了“坏礼物掩盖好礼物的风头”和“负面事件更难忘”的观点。
12. 【解析】选G。考查递进关系(焦虑升级)。这段讲收礼的焦虑。空格前面说“收礼时要(假装)表现出喜悦和感激可能会让你不安”。G项开头“Even worse”明显表示焦虑程度加深, 逻辑顺畅递进。
13. 【解析】选B。考查段落转折(总结观点)。前面三大段都在讲送/收礼物的压力和问题(负面), 最后一段需要转向积极面。B项“然而, 当然, 送礼物也不全是坏处”引出了后面“精心准备礼物能很好表达爱意, 拉近关系”的结论, 使文章观点更加全面。
- 13 -(共48张PPT)
课时跟踪训练
Unit 4　Journey Across a Vast Land
题型 题号 试题难度 话题或考点 试题来源 情境标注 融合标注
容易 较易 一般 较难 困难
阅读 理解 1—4 √ 道路对野生动物的影响 2026·浙江模拟 人与自然 —
5—8 √ 城市设计影响人际互动 2026·湛江模拟 人与社会 —
Ⅰ. 阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分20分)
A
　　Through evolution, animals have developed numerous ways to protect themselves from predators(捕食者). Turtles hide in their shells, and skunks(臭鼬) use smelly liquid. But these defenses don’t work against cars. Environmental journalist Ben Goldfarb explains, “When facing a car, these defenses are useless—or even harmful. Staying still is the worst choice. Roadkill is a serious threat to wildlife. ”
　　Roads also act as barriers, preventing animals from moving freely. The constant traffic on highways creates what scientists call a “moving fence”—a wall of vehicles that animals avoid crossing. While we often see dead animals like deer or squirrels on roads, we don’t see the ones that never try to cross. This isolation can harm animal populations more than roadkill itself.
　　Chemicals from roads also damage the environment. Every year, the U. S. uses about 20 million tons of road salt to melt ice, which pollutes nearby soil and plants. Cars release metals like zinc and copper, and tires leave behind microplastics. These pollutants make roadsides dangerous for creatures like monarch butterflies, even though these areas could otherwise be good habitats.
　　Roadsides sometimes attract animals with food like flowers or berries, but this becomes an “ecological trap”. Animals are drawn to these resources, only to face the danger of traffic.
　　Interestingly, when traffic decreases, animals quickly adapt. Researchers in the Bay Area found that when cars disappeared for months, white-crowned sparrows—small songbirds—started singing more complex and varied songs. Without traffic noise, they no longer needed to “shout” and could return to their natural behaviors. This shows how much roads affect wildlife—but also how adaptable animals can be.
　　Despite these challenges, Goldfarb says, certain species have made remarkable adaptations. He notes that Chicago’s urban foxes are said to look both ways before crossing the street. “We think about roads as these forces that are universally or exclusively harmful to animals, and certainly they’re incredibly destructive, ” he says. “But wildlife is also impressively adaptive and clever and animals are finding ways to make a living in our midst. ”
【语篇属性】
语篇 类型 说明文 主题 语境 人与自然
语篇 内容 文章主要介绍了道路对野生动物产生的多方面影响, 包括道路致死、阻碍迁徙、造成污染以及形成生态陷阱等, 同时也提到了动物在交通减少时的适应能力和某些物种的适应性变化
语篇 结构 Para. 1 动物演化出多种御敌之法, 却对汽车无用, 路杀是野生动物面临的重大威胁
Para. 2 道路如屏障般阻碍动物自由活动, 这种隔离对动物种群的危害比路杀本身更大
Para. 3 道路上的化学物质污染周边环境, 使路边对帝王蝶等生物变得危险
Para. 4 路边食物会吸引动物, 却易让它们陷入交通危险, 形成“生态陷阱”
语篇 结构 Para. 5 交通减少时动物能快速适应, 如湾区白冠麻雀恢复复杂鸣叫
Para. 6 部分物种能出色适应道路环境, 如芝加哥的城市狐狸过马路前会左右看
1. How does the author start the text in the first paragraph
A. By stating a reason.
B. By providing statistics.
C. By defining a concept.
D. By giving examples.
√
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:start the text in the first paragraph
定信息 在原文中定位关键信息确定答题关键句为第一段的“Turtles hide in their shells, and skunks use smelly liquid. ”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A By stating a reason. 无中生有 考查学生对文章开篇方式的理解能力, 检验学生能否判断第一段的写作手法
B By providing statistics. 无中生有
C By defining a concept. 无中生有
D By giving examples. 正确
分析:选D。第一段通过列举乌龟躲进壳里和臭鼬使用臭液开篇
2. What harmful impact do roads have on wildlife
A. Less food supply.
B. Restricted movement.
C. Increased predators.
D. Species extinction.
√
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:harmful impact do roads have on wildlife
定信息 在原文中定位关键信息确定答题关键句为第二段第一句“Roads also act as barriers, preventing animals from moving freely. ”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A Less food supply. 无中生有 考查学生对文章细节的理解能力, 检验学生能否准确找到道路对野生动物的有害影响
B Restricted movement. 正确
C Increased predators. 无中生有
D Species extinction. 无中生有
分析:选B。根据第二段可知, 道路对野生动物的有害影响是限制了它们的活动
3. What can we infer from Goldfarb’s words in the last paragraph
A. Roads are not truly harmful to wildlife.
B. Urban foxes seldom get hit by vehicles.
C. Animals adapt cleverly to dangerous roads.
D. Wildlife protection deserves highest attention.
√
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:Goldfarb’s words in the last paragraph
定信息 在原文中定位关键信息确定答题关键句为最后一段的“‘We think about roads as these forces that are universally or exclusively harmful to animals, and certainly they’re incredibly destructive, ’ he says. ‘But wildlife is also impressively adaptive and clever and animals are finding ways to make a living in our midst. ’”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A Roads are not truly harmful to wildlife. 表述错误 考查学生对人物话语的推理能力, 检验学生能否根据Goldfarb的话推断出正确结论
B Urban foxes seldom get hit by vehicles. 无中生有
C Animals adapt cleverly to dangerous roads. 正确
D Wildlife protection deserves highest attention. 无中生有
分析:选C。根据最后一段Goldfarb的话可知, 动物能聪明地适应危险的道路
4. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage
A. To advocate reducing traffic.
B. To preserve wildlife diversity.
C. To analyze roads’ effects on wildlife.
D. To highlight roadkill danger to animals.
√
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:author’s purpose in writing this passage
定信息 综合全文内容, 文章分析了道路对野生动物的多方面影响, 包括造成路杀、形成屏障、带来化学污染等, 也提到了动物的适应情况
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A To advocate reducing traffic. 无中生有 考查学生对文章写作目的的概括能力, 检验学生能否把握作者的写作意图
B To preserve wildlife diversity. 无中生有
C To analyze roads’ effects on wildlife. 正确
D To highlight roadkill danger to animals. 以偏概全
分析:选C。作者写这篇文章的目的是分析道路对野生动物的影响
B
　　Jan Gehl is an architect and a city design consultant. His idea in a book shows an important truth: City environments influence human interaction. In poorly designed streets, there is little activity—people hurry home and avoid talking to others. In comparison, well-designed spaces set free different activities, from casual walks to public gatherings. As Gehl says, the difference between lifeless roads and lively streets lies in design that welcomes spontaneity(自发性).
　　Street corners show this well. Busy crossroads have their own social patterns: People waiting for traffic lights chat, say goodbye, or gather around vendor stalls(摊位). Sociologist William H. Whyte observed in The Social Life of Small Urban Spaces that even a single vendor can transform a corner into a mini-community, proving that small spaces can help build big relationships. These moments turn ordinary stops into opportunities for interaction.
　　Streets are the birthplace of relationships. Neighbors meet on connecting roads; coworkers bond over roadside drinks; strangers share short talks. These interactions build the urban social structure. As the lines between public and private spaces become less clear, streets become like extensions of home, where community takes shape naturally.
　　Urban experts emphasize the power of design. Jane Jacobs’ “frequent streets” prioritize daily interactions, while Edward T. Hall’s research shows seating arrangements affect social dynamics. A bench facing an open area or a sunny walkway encourages people to pause and interact. Thoughtful design—from shade structures to designs that are friendly to pedestrians(行人)—turns spaces into places for connection.
　　Despite their value, lively streets are rare due to challenges like noise, pollution, and safety worries. Planners must realize well-maintained streets should be places where people feel they belong, proving that life between buildings is the life of the city. So they should address these through comprehensive design: protecting spaces from bad elements, reducing traffic jams, and ensuring access for everyone. Taking care of them is also important, as well-designed spaces do well only when they are kept up.
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了城市设计影响人际互动, 专家强调了设计的重要性并建议改善街道设计, 以促进互动。
5. What does the first paragraph mainly show
A. Roads are full of entertainment activities.
B. City design shapes the ways people interact.
C. Poor street design results in low foot traffic.
D. Public gatherings depend on space maintenance.
√
【解析】选B。段落大意题。根据第一段中“Jan Gehl is an architect and a city design consultant. His idea in a book shows an important truth: City environments influence human interaction. (Jan Gehl是一位建筑师和城市设计顾问。他在一本书中的观点揭示了一个重要的事实:城市环境影响人类互动。)”可知, 第一段主要表明城市设计塑造了人们的互动方式。
6. What role do vendor stalls play according to Paragraph 2
A. Protecting pedestrian safety.
B. Transforming commercial zones.
C. Serving as social gathering points.
D. Creating job opportunities in communities.
√
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sociologist William H. Whyte observed in The Social Life of Small Urban Spaces that even a single vendor can transform a corner into a mini-community, proving that small spaces can help build big relationships. (社会学家William H. Whyte在《小城市空间的社会生活》中观察到, 即使是一个摊贩也能把一个街角变成一个小社区, 这证明小空间有助于建立大关系。)”可知, 摊位起到了社交聚集点的作用。
7. What do Jane Jacobs and Edward T. Hall emphasize about the design in
streets
A. Its source. 　　　　　 B. Its impacts.
C. Its complexity. D. Its limitations.
√
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段中“Urban experts emphasize the power of design. Jane Jacobs’ ‘frequent streets’ prioritize daily interactions, while Edward T. Hall’s research shows seating arrangements affect social dynamics. (城市专家强调设计的力量。Jane Jacobs的‘多而密的街道’优先考虑日常互动, 而Edward T. Hall的研究表明, 座位安排会影响社会动态。)”可知, Jane Jacobs和Edward T. Hall强调了街道设计的影响。
8. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the last paragraph
A. To make a bet.
B. To make decisions.
C. To make a complaint.
D. To make suggestions.
√
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段中“So they should address these through comprehensive design: protecting spaces from bad elements, reducing traffic jams, and ensuring access for everyone. Taking care of them is also important, as well-designed spaces do well only when they are kept up. (因此, 他们应该通过综合设计来解决这些问题:保护空间免受不良因素的影响, 减少交通拥堵, 确保人人都能通行。照顾好它们也很重要, 因为只有精心维护, 设计良好的空间才能发挥作用。)”可知, 作者写最后一段的主要目的是提出建议。
Ⅱ. 七选五(共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
题型 题号 试题难度 话题或考点 试题来源 情境标注 融合标注
容易 较易 一般 较难 困难
七选五 9—13 √ 赠礼行为引发心理压力 2025·潍坊模拟 人与社会 —
　　Gifts are so meaningful that many believe that gifts from their romantic partner are a big way they can understand how much their partner loves them. 　9　But in fact, gift-giving and receiving is actually the least popular love language. This leads to the question: Why do most people say that gift-giving stresses them out
　　Part of the problem is that occasions that involve gift-giving are filled with uncertainty. If it’s an occasion like Christmas, where people are shopping for each other at the same time, people might be nervous about whether the gift they give will be in the same category as the gift they will also receive. 　10　Imagine that someone is showing some signs of Seasonal Affective Disorder, and you’re considering giving him a light therapy(光疗) lamp as a gift. The receiver may possibly regard this as “just what they needed”. But what if the lamp-receiver interprets the gift as an unwelcome piece of comment on their current state
　　Another issue is that you’re probably going to give a bad gift, and that bad gift might overshadow the many good gifts you’ve given. 　11　The idea, simply put, is that bad outcomes have a stronger psychological impact than comparable good outcomes. Few baseball fans remember all the ground balls that Bill Buckner fielded cleanly but many remember the one that went through his legs.
　　Worst of all, there’s the anxiety that comes with receiving gifts. You might expect that a lot of well-meaning but disappointing gifts are heading your way. There can be some unease that comes with knowing that you’ll soon need to perform joy and appreciation. 　12　
　　　13　When done carefully, it can be a wonderful way to communicate to loved ones that we appreciate and understand them. Gifts can absolutely draw people closer together in a lasting way.
A. The smell of a bad gift can remain.
B. However, gift-giving is not all bad, of course.
C. Uncertainty can also result from different categories of gifts.
D. There is also great uncertainty around how the gift-receivers will respond.
E. Soon you may be in a state of paying for your such kind of overperformance.
F. Indeed, gift-giving occasions seem like wonderful opportunities to create delight.
G. Even worse, you might worry the gift-giver will detect your insincerity and get hurt.
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨赠礼行为引发心理压力的三大根源(不确定性、负面偏差、回礼焦虑), 并指出精心赠礼仍具有积极意义。
9. 【解析】选F。考查上下文逻辑(转折铺垫)。空格前面说很多人觉得礼物重要, 空格后面“But in fact. . . ”阐述其实送礼物最不受欢迎。这里需要一个能解释“为什么大家会这么想(觉得礼物重要)”的句子。F项“事实上, 送礼场合似乎是创造快乐的绝佳机会”正好解释了为什么很多人觉得礼物重要, 符合语境。
10. 【解析】选D。考查段落主题句+例证关系。此段开头总说“赠礼场合充满不确定性”。空格前面举了圣诞节担心礼物类别是否相同的例子(一种不确定性), 空格后面举了光疗灯的例子(收礼者可能喜欢也可能觉得被冒犯)。D项“收礼者会如何反应也有很大不确定性”总结了后面光疗灯的例子要说明的核心问题——你猜不透对方收到礼物时的想法和感受。
11. 【解析】选A。考查支撑论点。空格前面说“坏礼物会掩盖好礼物的风头”, 空格后面解释了原因:坏事情比好事情给人印象更深(心理学上的“负面偏差”), 并用棒球手的例子作证明。A项用“坏礼物的气味会残留”这个形象的比喻, 贴切地说明了后面讲的道理:一次坏礼物带来的糟糕印象会持续很久, 如同难闻的气味散不掉, 呼应了“坏礼物掩盖好礼物的风头”和“负面事件更难忘”的观点。
12. 【解析】选G。考查递进关系(焦虑升级)。这段讲收礼的焦虑。空格前面说“收礼时要(假装)表现出喜悦和感激可能会让你不安”。G项开头“Even worse”明显表示焦虑程度加深, 逻辑顺畅递进。
13. 【解析】选B。考查段落转折(总结观点)。前面三大段都在讲送/收礼物的压力和问题(负面), 最后一段需要转向积极面。B项“然而, 当然, 送礼物也不全是坏处”引出了后面“精心准备礼物能很好表达爱意, 拉近关系”的结论, 使文章观点更加全面。

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