资源简介

(共54张PPT)
Unit 3　Food and Culture
Step 1　题源研读·入境体验
Step 3　跟踪评估·夯基提能
Step 2　核心考点·探究突破
Step 1　题源研读·入境体验
Mid-Autumn Festival Cuisine: Mooncakes
中秋美食:月饼
　　Chinese mooncake is the representative food of the Mid-Autumn Festival. It is a kind of round cookie with various fillings and different artistic patterns on the surface.
　　In Chinese culture, roundness symbolizes completeness and togetherness. The mooncake is not just a food. It’s a profound cultural tradition deep in Chinese people’s hearts, symbolizing a spiritual feeling. At Mid-Autumn Festival, people eat mooncakes together with family, and present mooncakes to relatives or friends to express love and best wishes.
　　As early as the Shang and Zhou Dynasties in what today are Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces in east China, there was a kind of “Taishi cake” thick at the center and thin at the edge, which was the origin of the mooncake. In the Han Dynasty, sesame(芝麻)and walnuts were introduced into China, and round cookies filled with these foods appeared. In the Tang Dynasty, the name “mooncake” was used for the first time. In the Northern Song Dynasty, mooncakes got popularin the royal palace. It was not until the Ming Dynasty that the custom of eating these cookies during the Mid-Autumn Festival became popular.
　　Mooncakes vary according to different regional styles and tastes. Cantonese-style mooncakes are known for their sweetness. Suzhou-style mooncakes have soft layers of dough(面团)and lots of sugar and lard, making them available in sweet or salty tastes. Beijing-style mooncakes feature the delicate use of sweetness and fine decoration.
　　Most mooncakes contain high amounts of sugar and oil, which are not healthy. To decrease the harmfulness that high fat and calories bring to our body, some foods are recommended to eat together with mooncakes, including tea, sour fruit like grapes, and wine. They help digest, and take away fat in our body. Also, do not eat too much at one time.
—http://www.
(同源高考:2022年新高考Ⅱ卷D篇阅读选自本网站)
【名师原创】
1. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about ( )
A. The features of mooncakes.
B. The meaning behind mooncakes.
C. The origin of the Mid-Autumn Festival.
D. The customs of the Mid-Autumn Festival.
√
2. What is the purpose of the last paragraph ( )
A. To stress the importance of a healthy diet.
B. To call on people to value traditional culture.
C. To provide suggestions on eating mooncakes.
D. To recommend some new flavors of mooncakes.
√
【长难句分析】
As early as the Shang and Zhou Dynasties in what today are Jiangsu and
Zhejiang Provinces in east China, there was a kind of “Taishi cake” thick at
the center and thin at the edge, which was the origin of the mooncake.
本句是一个主从复合句, 句子主干是:______________________________;
what引导_________, which引导_________; 形容词短语_________________
和______________在句中作后置定语, 修饰 ___________。
there was a kind of “Taishi cake”
宾语从句
定语从句
thick at the center
thin at the edge
Taishi cake
Step 2　核心考点·探究突破
【重点单词】
1. association n. 协会;社团;关联;联想;交往
【语境速测】
①A closer look at the reading tests, shows the interesting fact that girls are
outperforming boys in reading and that this ____________(associate) with girls’
greater enjoyment of reading.
②Prior to participating in the activity, my father reminded me ________
____________________________________.
参加活动前, 父亲提醒我要和积极思考的人合作。
is associated
to be in
association with those thinking positively
(1)in association with. . . 与……合作/有关联
(2)associate vt. 联想;联系
associate. . . with. . . 把……和……联系在一起
associate with sb. 与某人交往或打交道
(3)be associated with. . . 和……有关
2. trick n. 诀窍;计谋;把戏 vt. 欺骗
【语境速测】
①While the doctor concentrates on examining Lara’s ankle, I get her attention
by doing a magic trick. n. _____
②When I found out that I was tricked by him, I was really hurt and let go of
our friendship. vt. _____
把戏
欺骗
③Sometimes there are so many knives and forks that you dare not pick them
up in case you get it wrong. The trick is to start with the ones on the outside.
n. _____
④As an exchange student from America, I like eating dumplings. Would you
please tell me ________________________________
作为一名来自美国的交换生, 我喜欢吃水饺。你可以告诉我包水饺的诀窍
吗
诀窍
the trick of/about making dumplings
(1)play a trick/tricks on sb. 捉弄某人
(2)trick sb. out of sth. 骗取某人某物
trick sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事
3. prior adj. 先前的;优先的
【语境速测】
①Natural dyes are also becoming more popular with consumers to whom
caring for the environment is __ priority.
②Prior ___ that, the only great historical works I had been exposed to were
Homer’s epic poems.
a
to
③Firstly, my previous experience of running a similar club has provided me
with considerable expertise in deciding on _________(prior).
④_______________is to keep calm in case of fire.
最重要的事情是在发生火灾时保持冷静。
priorities
The top priority
(1)prior to. . . 　　 在……之前(to是介词, 后接名词或动名词)
(2)give priority to. . . 优先考虑;给予……优先权
have/take priority over. . . 较……享有优先权
4. consume vt. 吃;喝;饮;消耗
【语境速测】
①The President has announced emergency measures to limit fuel _____________
(consume).
②___________(consume) breakfast is not only fundamental to health but also it
can help you keep focused and study more efficiently.
③Tom was consumed _____ anger after hearing the bad news.
consumption
Consuming
with
④Primary ___________(consume)rely on vegetation to provide energy. They
feed on green plants.
⑤Seeing Grandpa sitting in his armchair, dull-looking, I __________________
mixed feelings.
看到爷爷坐在扶手椅上, 神情呆滞, 我百感交集。
consumers
was consumed with
(1)consume sb. with sth. 使某人充满(强烈的情感)
(2)consumer n. 消费者; 顾客
consumption n. 消耗;消费
【核心短语】
5. consist of 由…… 组成
【语境速测】
①It consisted ___ a closed space in which people, animals and plants could
live together.
of
②大家都知道, 生活中不仅有阳光, 还有风雨。
It is universally acknowledged that life __________not only sunshine but also
storms.
→It is universally acknowledged that life _____________not only sunshine but
also storms.
→It is universally acknowledged that life _______________________not only
sunshine but also storms.
consists of
is made up of
is composed/comprised of
③As we all know, the beauty of Mount Tai ________________________
______________________.
我们都知道, 泰山的美在于它迷人的风景和丰富的文化。
consists/lies in its charming
scenery and rich culture
(1)be made up of=be comprised of=be composed of. . .
由……组成
(2)consist in=lie in 存在于;在于
consist with. . . 与……一致/相符
(3)consistent adj. 一致的;连续的
be consistent with. . . 与……一致
6. cut down减少
【语境速测】
①The water supply has been _______ temporarily because the workers are
repairing one of the main pipes.
②As is known to us, smoking is harmful to us. You’d better quit smoking or at
least _________ the amount of smoking.
③Equally important is ________________________and cut sugar out of your
diet.
同样重要的是少吃高脂食物并且饮食戒糖。
cut off
cut down
to cut down on fatty foods
cut across　　　　 抄近路;走捷径
cut in 插话;让某人分享利润;超车
cut up 切碎
cut through 开辟
cut off 切断;中止;隔绝
cut down on 减少;削减
cut out (of sth. ) 删除;剪出;停止做(或使用、食用)
【经典句型】
7. Tired, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how
to order. (P26)
又累又饿, 一个汉字也不认识, 我们压根儿不知道如何点餐。
【语境速测】
①________________, I wandered aimlessly in the empty street, wondering
about my future.
又冷又饿, 我在空荡荡的街道上漫无目的地徘徊, 思考着我的未来。
Cold and hungry
②___________________________to the farm, I sat beside a tree and held my
shoulders in my arms tightly.
害怕找不到我们回农场的路, 我坐在树旁, 双臂紧紧环抱。
③______________________, Jane knelt down, with tears rolling down her
cheeks.
又绝望又疲惫, 简跪了下来, 眼泪顺着脸颊滚了下来。
Afraid of not finding our way
Desperate and exhausted
形容词(短语)作状语:
(1)说明谓语动词的动作发生时, 主语所处的状态。
(2)表示行为方式、伴随状况、原因、时间或条件等。
Step 3　跟踪评估·夯基提能
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. (2024·全国甲卷)Try your hand at some of the painting ______(trick) used by
artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors,
1880—1990: Into the Light.
2. (2024·全国甲卷)It’s more challenging to eat in ___________(moderate) if
you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies.
tricks
moderation
3. (2024·北京高考)When something is contradictory to their view, they don’t
treat it as ___________(exception).
4. The football team, __________(consist) of 20 players and 3 coaches, was set
up about 3 years ago.
5. I sincerely invite you to talk about daily _____________(consume) in
developed countries.
6. Large __________(quantity) of water are needed for cooling purpose.
7. Our ___________(associate) with him goes back four years.
8. Regardless ___ the outcome, I will be optimistic rather than depressed.
exceptional
consisting
consumption
quantities
association
of
Ⅱ. 完成句子
【短语填空】
1. 至少, 这个令人沮丧的结果表明我们并没有用逻辑的方法去解决问题。
______________, the depressing outcome indicated that we didn’t use a logical
way to solve the problem.
2. 在来中国之前, 我对中国菜肴了解不多。
________coming to China, I didn’t know much about Chinese cuisine.
At a minimum
Prior to
3. 他又冷又饿地上床睡觉了。
He went to bed _______________.
4. 他当大学老师的梦想实现了。
His dream of becoming a university teacher has __________.
cold and hungry
come true
【句式仿写】
5. It was the first time he had seen his name in print.
仿写:这是他第一次遇到如此棘手的问题。
________________________________________________________________
6. I had meant to apologize to him, but I changed my mind.
仿写:查尔斯根本没打算再回来。
_________________________________
It was the first time that he had met with such a tough/difficult problem.
Charles had never meant to return.
Ⅲ. 语篇填空
(黑体词是本单元核心词汇)
　　According to the French author Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin, 1. ______
we eat can show our personality, character, and culture. Chinese cuisine is a
case in point. Prior to 2. ________(come)to China, I only experienced Chinese
food that 3. _________________(change)to suit American tastes. America’s
most popular Chinese dish is General Tso’s chicken, which tells us a lot about
Americans.
what
coming
had been changed
　　When I came to Beijing, a friend recommended a Sichuan restaurant where
we had the 4. _________(please)of experiencing an entirely new taste:Sichuan
peppercorns. What was even 5. _______________(important)was the friendship
offered us. In Shandong, I liked boiled dumplings 6. _______(serve)with vinegar
best. I observed that family is important to the people there. In northern Xinjiang,
I enjoyed boiled 7. ___ roasted meat. Everywhere we went, we experienced
wonderful local dishes. Although the food was as varied 8. ___ the people,
pleasure
more important
served
or
as
Chinese people everywhere show friendship and kindness through food. From
9. ____(I)experience, I know that culture and cuisine go hand in hand, and if you
do not experience one, you can never 10. ______(real) know the other.
my
really
Ⅳ. 单元话题写作|人与社会
A vacation with my mother
　　I had an interesting childhood: It was filled with surprises and amusements, all because of my mother—loving, sweet, and yet absent-minded and forgetful. One strange family trip we took when I was eleven tells a lot about her.
　　My two sets of grandparents lived in Colorado and North Dakota, and my parents decided to spend a few weeks driving to those states and seeing all the sights along the way. As the first day of our trip approached, David, my eight-year-old brother, and I unwillingly said good-bye to all of our friends. Who knew if we’d ever see them again Finally, the moment of our departure arrived, and we loaded suitcases, books, games, camping equipment, and a tent into the car and bravely drove off. We bravely drove off again two hours later after we’d returned home to get the purse and traveler’s checks Mom had forgotten.
　　David and I were always a little nervous when using gas station bathrooms if Mom was driving while Dad was sleeping:“You stand outside the door and play lookout while I go, and I’ll stand outside the door and play lookout while you go. ” I had terrible pictures in my mind: “Honey, where are the kids ”“What ! Oh, Gosh. . . I thought they were being awfully quiet. ” We were never actually left behind in a strange city, but we weren’t about to take any chances.
　　On the fourth or fifth night, we had trouble finding a hotel with a vacancy. After driving in vain for some time, Mom suddenly got a great idea: Why didn’t we find a house with a likely-looking backyard and ask if we could set up tent there David and I became nervous. To our great relief, Dad turned down the idea. Mom never could understand our objections. If a strange family showed up on her front doorsteps, Mom would have been delighted. She thinks everyone in the world is as nice as she is. We finally found a vacancy in the next town.
　　注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
　　The next day we remembered the brand-new tent we had brought with us. ________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
　　We drove through several states and saw lots of great sights along the way.
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
步骤一　快读文本 获取信息
情节线: 和朋友道别装好车出发→两小时后返回家中取落下的东西→途中用卫生间各种担心→找旅店期间妈妈萌发搭帐篷的想法→找到旅店住宿
情感线:unwilling→forgetful, surprised→nervous→amused→relieved
步骤二　细读首句 合理推测
1. 针对续写第一段:首句衔接段首语中的“brand-new tent”结合妈妈健忘的性格可描述, 妈妈把帐篷落在酒店, 接着叙述返回酒店取帐篷;尾句可描写作者的感受。
2. 针对续写第二段:首句衔接段首语“great sights”, 可在续写第二段描述自然风景;尾句正能量说明妈妈的性格“nice”。
3. 推测续写部分线索:
情节线走向:帐篷落在酒店→返回酒店取帐篷→接着开车→欣赏风景→找个地方宿营;
情感线走向:anxious→relieved→happy→peaceful→sweet。
步骤三　恰当用词 打造美句
1. 爸爸建议我们买一个新的, 而妈妈坚持要我们回去拿。
Dad ____________________ a new one, while Mom ___________our going
back to fetch it.
2. 如果妈妈没有那么心不在焉, 我们就不用一次又一次地回去了。
___________________ that absent-minded, __________________ us the
trouble of going back again and again.
recommended buying
insisted on
If Mom hadn’t been
it would have saved
3. 当落日在山上投下橙色的光时, 帐篷搭建好了, 饭菜也做好了。
When the setting sun _______________________the mountains, the tent was
set up and the meal was ready.
4. 每当我们提到旅途中的趣事时, 妈妈脸上就会洋溢着愉快的笑容。
Every time we mentioned the funny incidents of the journey, a pleasant smile
would ____________Mom’s face.
cast an orange light over
spread over
步骤四　衔接过渡 　组句成篇
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
　　The next day we remembered the brand-new tent we had brought with us. But then we were half an hour away from the hotel, where the tent was left behind. Dad recommended buying a new one, while Mom insisted on our going back to fetch it, saying, “Forgetful people like me may lose things repeatedly, so it’s unwise to give up the tent. ” Finally, we got back the tent and hit the road again. If Mom hadn’t been that absent-minded, it would have saved us the trouble of going back again and again.
　　We drove through several states and saw lots of great sights along the way. One day, towards evening, we found a great camping site at the foot of a high mountain. David and I helped Dad put up the tent, and Mom was busy preparing supper. When the setting sun cast an orange light over the mountains, the tent was set up and the meal was ready. Sitting around the campfire, we talked and laughed. Every time we mentioned the funny incidents of the journey, a pleasant smile would spread over Mom’s face.(共28张PPT)
课时跟踪训练
Unit 3　Food and Culture
阅读理解(共7小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分17. 5分)
A
　　What is the definition of a dumpling In its most basic sense, it’s a pocket of flour filled with some form of tasty stuffing. And the easy ideas are surely the best. Dumplings are a popular food across the globe: both simple and complex, local and global, adaptable yet fixed in their home regions. Here are 4 of our favorites around the world to get your mouth watering.
　　 Xiaolongbao
　　Served steamed in bamboo baskets, xiaolongbao look different from other types of Chinese dumplings, as the skin is gathered at the top instead of folded in half. Xiaolongbao are also unique in that aside from the traditional pork filling, a small piece of aspic (肉冻)is folded into the dumpling, which melts when steamed. Thanks to the thick soup, the filling stays juicy and flavorful.
　　 Ravioli
　　Italy is the home of filled pasta, and ravioli is one of its most famous offerings. Ravioli can be packed with anything from meat to cheese to vegetables, or any combination thereof. If the processed canned or bagged varieties familiar to lazy college students make up your only impression of ravioli, change that as soon as possible, preferably with a trip to Rome.
　　 Sichuan spicy wonton
　　The spicy Sichuan wonton, or Chaoshou, comes to the table in spicy chili oil flavored with Sichuan pepper. The Chaoshou is boiled, and the very best ones are so slippery that they’re nearly impossible to pick up with chopsticks. The combination of tasty meat, smooth wonton skin and tongue-numbing oil, makes for the most pleasant runny nose you’ve ever had.
　　 Siomay
　　Siomay, a steamed fish dumpling, is closely related to the Chinese dim sum snack, shumai. Think of Siomay as the Indonesian street food version of shumai, which is traditionally found in Chinese dim sum restaurants. Adopted from Chinese Indonesian cuisine, the most popular variant of Siomay is found in Bandung. The best way to sample these dumplings is from a street seller carrying a steamer on his bicycle.
【语篇属性】
语篇 类型 应用文
主题 语境 人与社会(不同民族的饮食习俗)
语篇 内容 四种不同地区的著名饺子或类似食物
语篇 结构 Para. 1 引出下文
Para. 2 中国的小笼包
Para. 3 意大利方形饺
Para. 4 四川抄手
Para. 5 印度尼西亚的烧麦
【命题意图】
1. Why are xiaolongbao different from other Chinese dumplings 第二段介绍了中国的小笼包。注意文中的关键词unique(独特的), in that(由于), melts(融化)和juicy(多汁的)。本题旨在考查考生定位的能力以及对原文出处理解的能力
2. What can be learned about the dumplings mentioned 本题四个选项分别提到了四种食物, 所以要认真核实选项与原文的吻合度。这个题目命题的意图明确, 就是考查考生的对比选项和原文信息的能力
3. What is the purpose of this text 应用文的写作意图一般在第一段就展现出来, 说明要介绍的对象, 本题直接定位第一段的最后一句就能得出答案。所以本题考查考生的定位能力
1. Why are xiaolongbao different from other Chinese dumplings
A. They are served in bamboo baskets.
B. The skin is typically folded in half.
C. They are traditionally filled with pork.
D. They become juicy when cooked.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据Xiaolongbao部分中“Xiaolongbao are also unique. . . the filling stays juicy and flavorful. ”可知, 小笼包与其他中国饺子的不同之处在于它里面有一小块肉冻, 煮熟后会融化, 变得美味多汁。故选D项。
√
2. What can be learned about the dumplings mentioned
A. Canned Ravioli is preferred in Rome.
B. Chaoshou features its smooth skin.
C. Siomay is found in Chinese restaurants.
D. Shumai is a street food in Bandung.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据Sichuan spicy wonton部分中“The Chaoshou is boiled, and the very best ones are so slippery that they’re nearly impossible to pick up with chopsticks. ”可知, 抄手的皮很光滑。故选B项。
√
3. What is the purpose of this text
A. To present ways of making dumplings.
B. To promote Chinese food and culture.
C. To explore global dumpling diversities.
D. To introduce popular street snacks.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段和下文可知, 这篇文章是探究全球饺子类型的多样性。故选C项。
√
【阅读障碍】
1. 词汇积累
①definition 　　　 n. 定义, 释义
②flavorful adj. 有风味的
③preferably adv. 更可取地; 更好地
④variant n. 变体; 变种
2. 熟词生义
Here are 4 of our favorites around the world to get your mouth watering.
water v. (指嘴)流口水
3. 【长难句分析】
If the processed canned or bagged varieties familiar to lazy college students make up your only impression of ravioli, change that as soon as possible, preferably with a trip to Rome.
分析:本句是复合句。If引导条件状语从句, processed canned和 bagged三个过去分词作定语修饰varieties。另外, 在从句中familiar to lazy college students是形容词短语作定语, 修饰varieties。
翻译:如果那些懒惰的大学生所熟悉的加工过的罐装或袋装品种构成了你对饺子的唯一印象, 尽快改变它, 最好是去罗马旅行。
B
(2025·玉溪模拟)
　　Comfort food makes a person feel good. Food high in sugar or fat tends to improve moods by stimulating the brain’s reward system. So it makes sense that many of us may turn to food for comfort in times of stress. There’s some fascinating research that examines food as a source of comfort. However, the most interesting thing about this research may be that foods are far less comforting than we tend to believe they are.
　　Traci Mann, a professor of psychology, and colleagues conducted a series of study with college students. The researchers examined how much comfort foods actually improve moods. They provided students with one of the three foods that they had indicated were their top, personal comfort foods. After producing a negative mood by having them watch movie clips designed to increase their sadness, anger and anxiety, the researchers offered the students their comfort food.
　　They had to assess (评估) how they felt before and after they were supposedly comforted by ice cream, pizza or whatever they had indicated they typically ate to feel better. All of the students completed the study on two separate occasions: once when they were able to eat their comfort food and once when they were able to eat another food they liked, but they wouldn’t call it a comfort food. The researchers found that comfort food did improve students’ moods—but only by a little bit and not more than the other food they liked.
　　In another study, comfort food was compared to no food at all, and students’ moods seemed to improve even when they didn’t eat anything—most likely just due to the passage of time.
　　The take-home message from the studies While the comfort food may make the person feel better for the time being, it does little to address emotional problems. Of course, everyone can indulge (纵情) in a comfort food from time to time, but overall, aim for these instances to be the exception rather than the rule.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了Traci Mann教授和她的同事们关于治愈系食物对改善情绪的一系列研究。
4. Which aspect of comfort food do Traci Mann’s studies focus on
A. The means by which it affects moods.
B. Its role in reducing negativity.
C. The extent to which it lifts moods.
D. Its impact on physical health.
√
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Traci Mann, a professor of psychology, and colleagues conducted a series of study with college students. The researchers examined how much comfort foods actually improve moods. ”可知, 心理学教授Traci Mann及其同事对大学生进行了一系列研究, 他们调查了有多少治愈系食物能真正改善情绪。所以Traci Mann的研究集中在治愈系食物提升情绪的程度方面。故选C。
5. How were the studies carried out
A. By comparing students’ feelings on different occasions.
B. By observing students’ different reactions to foods.
C. By analyzing questionnaires about comfort foods.
D. By collecting data about people from all walks of life.
√
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段中“They had to assess how they felt before and after they were supposedly comforted by ice cream, pizza or whatever they had indicated they typically ate to feel better. ”可知, 研究对象必须评估他们在吃了冰淇淋、披萨或任何他们认为能让他们感觉更好的东西之后的感觉。所以这项研究是通过比较学生在不同场合的感受开展的。故选A。
6. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph
A. To explain a rule. 　 B. To introduce a concept.
C. To present a fact. D. To make a suggestion.
√
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“While the comfort food may make the person feel better for the time being, it does little to address emotional problems. ”可知, 虽然治愈系食物可能会让人暂时感觉好一些, 但它对解决情绪问题几乎没有作用。所以作者认为不能过度依赖治愈食物来解决情绪问题。故选D。
7. What is a suitable title for the text
A. Feeling Negative Try Comfort Food
B. Comfort Food May Not Work Wonders
C. The Science Behind Comfort Food
D. Comfort Food Tends to Be Unhealthy
√
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。这篇文章介绍Traci Mann教授和同事们关于治愈系食物对改善情绪的影响的一系列研究。研究发现, 虽然这类食物可以略微提升情绪, 但它并不比人们喜欢的其他食物更有效。另一项研究表明。即使不吃任何食物, 情绪也会随着时间的推移而改善。由此可知, 这篇文章主要告诉读者:治愈系食物不一定就能带来治愈。故选项B“治愈系食物可能不会产生奇迹”适合作为标题。故选B。课时跟踪训练
Unit 3　Food and Culture
阅读理解(共7小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分17. 5分)
A
　　What is the definition of a dumpling In its most basic sense, it’s a pocket of flour filled with some form of tasty stuffing. And the easy ideas are surely the best. Dumplings are a popular food across the globe: both simple and complex, local and global, adaptable yet fixed in their home regions. Here are 4 of our favorites around the world to get your mouth watering.
　　 Xiaolongbao
　　Served steamed in bamboo baskets, xiaolongbao look different from other types of Chinese dumplings, as the skin is gathered at the top instead of folded in half. Xiaolongbao are also unique in that aside from the traditional pork filling, a small piece of aspic (肉冻)is folded into the dumpling, which melts when steamed. Thanks to the thick soup, the filling stays juicy and flavorful.
　　 Ravioli
　　Italy is the home of filled pasta, and ravioli is one of its most famous offerings. Ravioli can be packed with anything from meat to cheese to vegetables, or any combination thereof. If the processed canned or bagged varieties familiar to lazy college students make up your only impression of ravioli, change that as soon as possible, preferably with a trip to Rome.
　　 Sichuan spicy wonton
　　The spicy Sichuan wonton, or Chaoshou, comes to the table in spicy chili oil flavored with Sichuan pepper. The Chaoshou is boiled, and the very best ones are so slippery that they’re nearly impossible to pick up with chopsticks. The combination of tasty meat, smooth wonton skin and tongue-numbing oil, makes for the most pleasant runny nose you’ve ever had.
　　 Siomay
　　Siomay, a steamed fish dumpling, is closely related to the Chinese dim sum snack, shumai. Think of Siomay as the Indonesian street food version of shumai, which is traditionally found in Chinese dim sum restaurants. Adopted from Chinese Indonesian cuisine, the most popular variant of Siomay is found in Bandung. The best way to sample these dumplings is from a street seller carrying a steamer on his bicycle.
【语篇属性】
语篇 类型 应用文
主题 语境 人与社会(不同民族的饮食习俗)
语篇 内容 四种不同地区的著名饺子或类似食物
语篇 结构 Para. 1 引出下文
Para. 2 中国的小笼包
Para. 3 意大利方形饺
Para. 4 四川抄手
Para. 5 印度尼西亚的烧麦
【命题意图】
1. Why are xiaolongbao different from other Chinese dumplings 第二段介绍了中国的小笼包。注意文中的关键词unique(独特的), in that(由于), melts(融化)和juicy(多汁的)。本题旨在考查考生定位的能力以及对原文出处理解的能力
2. What can be learned about the dumplings mentioned 本题四个选项分别提到了四种食物, 所以要认真核实选项与原文的吻合度。这个题目命题的意图明确, 就是考查考生的对比选项和原文信息的能力
3. What is the purpose of this text 应用文的写作意图一般在第一段就展现出来, 说明要介绍的对象, 本题直接定位第一段的最后一句就能得出答案。所以本题考查考生的定位能力
1. Why are xiaolongbao different from other Chinese dumplings
A. They are served in bamboo baskets.
B. The skin is typically folded in half.
C. They are traditionally filled with pork.
D. They become juicy when cooked.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据Xiaolongbao部分中“Xiaolongbao are also unique. . . the filling stays juicy and flavorful. ”可知, 小笼包与其他中国饺子的不同之处在于它里面有一小块肉冻, 煮熟后会融化, 变得美味多汁。故选D项。
2. What can be learned about the dumplings mentioned
A. Canned Ravioli is preferred in Rome.
B. Chaoshou features its smooth skin.
C. Siomay is found in Chinese restaurants.
D. Shumai is a street food in Bandung.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据Sichuan spicy wonton部分中“The Chaoshou is boiled, and the very best ones are so slippery that they’re nearly impossible to pick up with chopsticks. ”可知, 抄手的皮很光滑。故选B项。
3. What is the purpose of this text
A. To present ways of making dumplings.
B. To promote Chinese food and culture.
C. To explore global dumpling diversities.
D. To introduce popular street snacks.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段和下文可知, 这篇文章是探究全球饺子类型的多样性。故选C项。
【阅读障碍】
1. 词汇积累
①definition 　　　 n. 定义, 释义
②flavorful adj. 有风味的
③preferably adv. 更可取地; 更好地
④variant n. 变体; 变种
2. 熟词生义
Here are 4 of our favorites around the world to get your mouth watering. water v. (指嘴)流口水
3. 【长难句分析】
If the processed canned or bagged varieties familiar to lazy college students make up your only impression of ravioli, change that as soon as possible, preferably with a trip to Rome.
分析:本句是复合句。If引导条件状语从句, processed canned和 bagged三个过去分词作定语修饰varieties。另外, 在从句中familiar to lazy college students是形容词短语作定语, 修饰varieties。
翻译:如果那些懒惰的大学生所熟悉的加工过的罐装或袋装品种构成了你对饺子的唯一印象, 尽快改变它, 最好是去罗马旅行。
B
(2025·玉溪模拟)
　　Comfort food makes a person feel good. Food high in sugar or fat tends to improve moods by stimulating the brain’s reward system. So it makes sense that many of us may turn to food for comfort in times of stress. There’s some fascinating research that examines food as a source of comfort. However, the most interesting thing about this research may be that foods are far less comforting than we tend to believe they are.
　　Traci Mann, a professor of psychology, and colleagues conducted a series of study with college students. The researchers examined how much comfort foods actually improve moods. They provided students with one of the three foods that they had indicated were their top, personal comfort foods. After producing a negative mood by having them watch movie clips designed to increase their sadness, anger and anxiety, the researchers offered the students their comfort food.
　　They had to assess (评估) how they felt before and after they were supposedly comforted by ice cream, pizza or whatever they had indicated they typically ate to feel better. All of the students completed the study on two separate occasions: once when they were able to eat their comfort food and once when they were able to eat another food they liked, but they wouldn’t call it a comfort food. The researchers found that comfort food did improve students’ moods—but only by a little bit and not more than the other food they liked.
　　In another study, comfort food was compared to no food at all, and students’ moods seemed to improve even when they didn’t eat anything—most likely just due to the passage of time.
　　The take-home message from the studies While the comfort food may make the person feel better for the time being, it does little to address emotional problems. Of course, everyone can indulge (纵情) in a comfort food from time to time, but overall, aim for these instances to be the exception rather than the rule.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了Traci Mann教授和她的同事们关于治愈系食物对改善情绪的一系列研究。
4. Which aspect of comfort food do Traci Mann’s studies focus on
A. The means by which it affects moods.
B. Its role in reducing negativity.
C. The extent to which it lifts moods.
D. Its impact on physical health.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Traci Mann, a professor of psychology, and colleagues conducted a series of study with college students. The researchers examined how much comfort foods actually improve moods. ”可知, 心理学教授Traci Mann及其同事对大学生进行了一系列研究, 他们调查了有多少治愈系食物能真正改善情绪。所以Traci Mann的研究集中在治愈系食物提升情绪的程度方面。故选C。
5. How were the studies carried out
A. By comparing students’ feelings on different occasions.
B. By observing students’ different reactions to foods.
C. By analyzing questionnaires about comfort foods.
D. By collecting data about people from all walks of life.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段中“They had to assess how they felt before and after they were supposedly comforted by ice cream, pizza or whatever they had indicated they typically ate to feel better. ”可知, 研究对象必须评估他们在吃了冰淇淋、披萨或任何他们认为能让他们感觉更好的东西之后的感觉。所以这项研究是通过比较学生在不同场合的感受开展的。故选A。
6. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph
A. To explain a rule. 　 B. To introduce a concept.
C. To present a fact. D. To make a suggestion.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“While the comfort food may make the person feel better for the time being, it does little to address emotional problems. ”可知, 虽然治愈系食物可能会让人暂时感觉好一些, 但它对解决情绪问题几乎没有作用。所以作者认为不能过度依赖治愈食物来解决情绪问题。故选D。
7. What is a suitable title for the text
A. Feeling Negative Try Comfort Food
B. Comfort Food May Not Work Wonders
C. The Science Behind Comfort Food
D. Comfort Food Tends to Be Unhealthy
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。这篇文章介绍Traci Mann教授和同事们关于治愈系食物对改善情绪的影响的一系列研究。研究发现, 虽然这类食物可以略微提升情绪, 但它并不比人们喜欢的其他食物更有效。另一项研究表明。即使不吃任何食物, 情绪也会随着时间的推移而改善。由此可知, 这篇文章主要告诉读者:治愈系食物不一定就能带来治愈。故选项B“治愈系食物可能不会产生奇迹”适合作为标题。故选B。
- 1 -Unit 3　Food and Culture
Step 1　题源研读·入境体验
Mid-Autumn Festival Cuisine: Mooncakes
中秋美食:月饼
　　Chinese mooncake is the representative food of the Mid-Autumn Festival. It is a kind of round cookie with various fillings and different artistic patterns on the surface. 　　In Chinese culture, roundness symbolizes completeness and togetherness. The mooncake is not just a food. It’s a profound cultural tradition deep in Chinese people’s hearts, symbolizing a spiritual feeling. At Mid-Autumn Festival, people eat mooncakes together with family, and present mooncakes to relatives or friends to express love and best wishes. 　　As early as the Shang and Zhou Dynasties in what today are Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces in east China, there was a kind of “Taishi cake” thick at the center and thin at the edge, which was the origin of the mooncake. In the Han Dynasty, sesame(芝麻)and walnuts were introduced into China, and round cookies filled with these foods appeared. In the Tang Dynasty, the name “mooncake” was used for the first time. In the Northern Song Dynasty, mooncakes got popular in the royal palace. It was not until the Ming Dynasty that the custom of eating these cookies during the Mid-Autumn Festival became popular. 　　Mooncakes vary according to different regional styles and tastes. Cantonese-style mooncakes are known for their sweetness. Suzhou-style mooncakes have soft layers of dough(面团)and lots of sugar and lard, making them available in sweet or salty tastes. Beijing-style mooncakes feature the delicate use of sweetness and fine decoration. 　　Most mooncakes contain high amounts of sugar and oil, which are not healthy. To decrease the harmfulness that high fat and calories bring to our body, some foods are recommended to eat together with mooncakes, including tea, sour fruit like grapes, and wine. They help digest, and take away fat in our body. Also, do not eat too much at one time. —http://www. (同源高考:2022年新高考Ⅱ卷D篇阅读选自本网站)
【名师原创】 1. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about (B) A. The features of mooncakes. B. The meaning behind mooncakes. C. The origin of the Mid-Autumn Festival. D. The customs of the Mid-Autumn Festival. 2. What is the purpose of the last paragraph (C) A. To stress the importance of a healthy diet. B. To call on people to value traditional culture. C. To provide suggestions on eating mooncakes. D. To recommend some new flavors of mooncakes. 【长难句分析】 As early as the Shang and Zhou Dynasties in what today are Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces in east China, there was a kind of “Taishi cake” thick at the center and thin at the edge, which was the origin of the mooncake. 本句是一个主从复合句, 句子主干是:there was a kind of “Taishi cake” ;what引导宾语从句, which引导定语从句; 形容词短语thick at the center和thin at the edge在句中作后置定语, 修饰 Taishi cake。
Step 2　核心考点·探究突破
【重点单词】
1. association n. 协会;社团;关联;联想;交往
【语境速测】
①A closer look at the reading tests, shows the interesting fact that girls are outperforming boys in reading and that this is associated(associate) with girls’ greater enjoyment of reading.
②Prior to participating in the activity, my father reminded me to be in association with those thinking positively.
参加活动前, 父亲提醒我要和积极思考的人合作。
(1)in association with. . . 与……合作/有关联
(2)associate vt. 联想;联系
associate. . . with. . . 把……和……联系在一起
associate with sb. 与某人交往或打交道
(3)be associated with. . . 和……有关
2. trick n. 诀窍;计谋;把戏 vt. 欺骗
【语境速测】
①While the doctor concentrates on examining Lara’s ankle, I get her attention by doing a magic trick. n. 把戏
②When I found out that I was tricked by him, I was really hurt and let go of our friendship. vt. 欺骗
③Sometimes there are so many knives and forks that you dare not pick them up in case you get it wrong. The trick is to start with the ones on the outside. n. 诀窍
④As an exchange student from America, I like eating dumplings. Would you please tell me the trick of/about making dumplings
作为一名来自美国的交换生, 我喜欢吃水饺。你可以告诉我包水饺的诀窍吗
(1)play a trick/tricks on sb. 捉弄某人
(2)trick sb. out of sth. 骗取某人某物
trick sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事
3. prior adj. 先前的;优先的
【语境速测】
①Natural dyes are also becoming more popular with consumers to whom caring for the environment is a priority.
②Prior to that, the only great historical works I had been exposed to were Homer’s epic poems.
③Firstly, my previous experience of running a similar club has provided me with considerable expertise in deciding on priorities(prior).
④The top priority is to keep calm in case of fire.
最重要的事情是在发生火灾时保持冷静。
(1)prior to. . . 　　 在……之前(to是介词, 后接名词或动名词)
(2)give priority to. . . 优先考虑;给予……优先权
have/take priority over. . . 较……享有优先权
4. consume vt. 吃;喝;饮;消耗
【语境速测】
①The President has announced emergency measures to limit fuel consumption(consume).
②Consuming(consume) breakfast is not only fundamental to health but also it can help you keep focused and study more efficiently.
③Tom was consumed with anger after hearing the bad news.
④Primary consumers (consume)rely on vegetation to provide energy. They feed on green plants.
⑤Seeing Grandpa sitting in his armchair, dull-looking, I was consumed with mixed feelings.
看到爷爷坐在扶手椅上, 神情呆滞, 我百感交集。
(1)consume sb. with sth. 使某人充满(强烈的情感)
(2)consumer n. 消费者; 顾客
consumption n. 消耗;消费
【核心短语】
5. consist of由…… 组成
【语境速测】
①It consisted of a closed space in which people, animals and plants could live together.
②大家都知道, 生活中不仅有阳光, 还有风雨。
It is universally acknowledged that life consists of not only sunshine but also storms.
→It is universally acknowledged that life is made up of not only sunshine but also storms.
→It is universally acknowledged that life is composed/comprised of not only sunshine but also storms.
③As we all know, the beauty of Mount Tai consists/lies in its charming scenery and rich culture.
我们都知道, 泰山的美在于它迷人的风景和丰富的文化。
(1)be made up of=be comprised of=be composed of. . . 　　　由……组成
(2)consist in=lie in 存在于;在于
consist with. . . 与……一致/相符
(3)consistent adj. 一致的;连续的
be consistent with. . . 与……一致
6. cut down减少
【语境速测】
①The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers are repairing one of the main pipes.
②As is known to us, smoking is harmful to us. You’d better quit smoking or at least cut down the amount of smoking.
③Equally important is to cut down on fatty foods and cut sugar out of your diet.
同样重要的是少吃高脂食物并且饮食戒糖。
cut across　　　　 抄近路;走捷径
cut in 插话;让某人分享利润;超车
cut up 切碎
cut through 开辟
cut off 切断;中止;隔绝
cut down on 减少;削减
cut out (of sth. ) 删除;剪出;停止做(或使用、食用)
【经典句型】
7. Tired, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order. (P26)
又累又饿, 一个汉字也不认识, 我们压根儿不知道如何点餐。
【语境速测】
①Cold and hungry, I wandered aimlessly in the empty street, wondering about my future.
又冷又饿, 我在空荡荡的街道上漫无目的地徘徊, 思考着我的未来。
②Afraid of not finding our way to the farm, I sat beside a tree and held my shoulders in my arms tightly.
害怕找不到我们回农场的路, 我坐在树旁, 双臂紧紧环抱。
③Desperate and exhausted, Jane knelt down, with tears rolling down her cheeks.
又绝望又疲惫, 简跪了下来, 眼泪顺着脸颊滚了下来。
形容词(短语)作状语:
(1)说明谓语动词的动作发生时, 主语所处的状态。
(2)表示行为方式、伴随状况、原因、时间或条件等。
Step 3　跟踪评估·夯基提能
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. (2024·全国甲卷)Try your hand at some of the painting tricks(trick) used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors, 1880—1990: Into the Light.
2. (2024·全国甲卷)It’s more challenging to eat in moderation(moderate) if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies.
3. (2024·北京高考)When something is contradictory to their view, they don’t treat it as exceptional(exception).
4. The football team, consisting(consist) of 20 players and 3 coaches, was set up about 3 years ago.
5. I sincerely invite you to talk about daily consumption(consume) in developed countries.
6. Large quantities(quantity) of water are needed for cooling purpose.
7. Our association(associate) with him goes back four years.
8. Regardless of the outcome, I will be optimistic rather than depressed.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
【短语填空】
1. 至少, 这个令人沮丧的结果表明我们并没有用逻辑的方法去解决问题。
At a minimum, the depressing outcome indicated that we didn’t use a logical way to solve the problem.
2. 在来中国之前, 我对中国菜肴了解不多。
Prior to coming to China, I didn’t know much about Chinese cuisine.
3. 他又冷又饿地上床睡觉了。
He went to bed cold and hungry.
4. 他当大学老师的梦想实现了。
His dream of becoming a university teacher has come true.
【句式仿写】
5. It was the first time he had seen his name in print.
仿写:这是他第一次遇到如此棘手的问题。
It was the first time that he had met with such a tough/difficult problem.
6. I had meant to apologize to him, but I changed my mind.
仿写:查尔斯根本没打算再回来。
Charles had never meant to return.
Ⅲ. 语篇填空
(黑体词是本单元核心词汇)
　　According to the French author Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin, 1. what we eat can show our personality, character, and culture. Chinese cuisine is a case in point. Prior to 2. coming(come)to China, I only experienced Chinese food that 3. had been changed(change)to suit American tastes. America’s most popular Chinese dish is General Tso’s chicken, which tells us a lot about Americans.
　　When I came to Beijing, a friend recommended a Sichuan restaurant where we had the 4. pleasure(please)of experiencing an entirely new taste:Sichuan peppercorns. What was even 5. more important(important)was the friendship offered us. In Shandong, I liked boiled dumplings 6. served(serve)with vinegar best. I observed that family is important to the people there. In northern Xinjiang, I enjoyed boiled 7. or roasted meat. Everywhere we went, we experienced wonderful local dishes. Although the food was as varied 8. as the people, Chinese people everywhere show friendship and kindness through food. From 9. my(I)experience, I know that culture and cuisine go hand in hand, and if you do not experience one, you can never 10. really(real) know the other.
Ⅳ. 单元话题写作|人与社会
A vacation with my mother
　　I had an interesting childhood: It was filled with surprises and amusements, all because of my mother—loving, sweet, and yet absent-minded and forgetful. One strange family trip we took when I was eleven tells a lot about her.
　　My two sets of grandparents lived in Colorado and North Dakota, and my parents decided to spend a few weeks driving to those states and seeing all the sights along the way. As the first day of our trip approached, David, my eight-year-old brother, and I unwillingly said good-bye to all of our friends. Who knew if we’d ever see them again Finally, the moment of our departure arrived, and we loaded suitcases, books, games, camping equipment, and a tent into the car and bravely drove off. We bravely drove off again two hours later after we’d returned home to get the purse and traveler’s checks Mom had forgotten.
　　David and I were always a little nervous when using gas station bathrooms if Mom was driving while Dad was sleeping:“You stand outside the door and play lookout while I go, and I’ll stand outside the door and play lookout while you go. ” I had terrible pictures in my mind: “Honey, where are the kids ”“What ! Oh, Gosh. . . I thought they were being awfully quiet. ” We were never actually left behind in a strange city, but we weren’t about to take any chances.
　　On the fourth or fifth night, we had trouble finding a hotel with a vacancy. After driving in vain for some time, Mom suddenly got a great idea: Why didn’t we find a house with a likely-looking backyard and ask if we could set up tent there David and I became nervous. To our great relief, Dad turned down the idea. Mom never could understand our objections. If a strange family showed up on her front doorsteps, Mom would have been delighted. She thinks everyone in the world is as nice as she is. We finally found a vacancy in the next town.
　　注意:续写词数应为150个左右。
　　The next day we remembered the brand-new tent we had brought with us. ____
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　　We drove through several states and saw lots of great sights along the way. ___
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步骤一　快读文本 获取信息
情节线: 和朋友道别装好车出发→两小时后返回家中取落下的东西→途中用卫生间各种担心→找旅店期间妈妈萌发搭帐篷的想法→找到旅店住宿
情感线:unwilling→forgetful, surprised→nervous→amused→relieved
步骤二　细读首句 合理推测
1. 针对续写第一段:首句衔接段首语中的“brand-new tent”结合妈妈健忘的性格可描述, 妈妈把帐篷落在酒店, 接着叙述返回酒店取帐篷;尾句可描写作者的感受。
2. 针对续写第二段:首句衔接段首语“great sights”, 可在续写第二段描述自然风景;尾句正能量说明妈妈的性格“nice”。
3. 推测续写部分线索:
情节线走向:帐篷落在酒店→返回酒店取帐篷→接着开车→欣赏风景→找个地方宿营;
情感线走向:anxious→relieved→happy→peaceful→sweet。
步骤三　恰当用词 打造美句
1. 爸爸建议我们买一个新的, 而妈妈坚持要我们回去拿。
Dad recommended buying a new one, while Mom insisted on our going back to fetch it.
2. 如果妈妈没有那么心不在焉, 我们就不用一次又一次地回去了。
If Mom hadn’t been that absent-minded, it would have saved us the trouble of going back again and again.
3. 当落日在山上投下橙色的光时, 帐篷搭建好了, 饭菜也做好了。
When the setting sun cast an orange light over the mountains, the tent was set up and the meal was ready.
4. 每当我们提到旅途中的趣事时, 妈妈脸上就会洋溢着愉快的笑容。
Every time we mentioned the funny incidents of the journey, a pleasant smile would spread over Mom’s face.
步骤四　衔接过渡 组句成篇
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【参考范文】
　　The next day we remembered the brand-new tent we had brought with us. But then we were half an hour away from the hotel, where the tent was left behind. Dad recommended buying a new one, while Mom insisted on our going back to fetch it, saying, “Forgetful people like me may lose things repeatedly, so it’s unwise to give up the tent. ” Finally, we got back the tent and hit the road again. If Mom hadn’t been that absent-minded, it would have saved us the trouble of going back again and again.
　　We drove through several states and saw lots of great sights along the way. One day, towards evening, we found a great camping site at the foot of a high mountain. David and I helped Dad put up the tent, and Mom was busy preparing supper. When the setting sun cast an orange light over the mountains, the tent was set up and the meal was ready. Sitting around the campfire, we talked and laughed. Every time we mentioned the funny incidents of the journey, a pleasant smile would spread over Mom’s face.
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