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课时跟踪训练 Unit 1　Science Fiction
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分,满分20分)
A
Liang Wenfeng, a 40-year-old entrepreneur, has quickly become a key figure in China’s artificial intelligence (AI) industry, though his journey to success wasn’t planned.Before entering into AI, Liang had a background in finance.In 2023, he founded DeepSeek, a company based in Hangzhou focused on creating advanced large language models, a type of AI that can generate text and answer questions.
DeepSeek’s chatbot has taken the tech world by surprise, shooting to the top of the U.S.App Store in early 2025.It offers similar capabilities to OpenAI’s ChatGPT, but what makes it unique is that it uses fewer and less advanced computer chips compared to the technology used by American companies.
The success of DeepSeek isn’t just a result of its innovative chatbot.Liang has built a strong team, many of whom are recent graduates from some of China’s top universities, like Peking University.In interviews, Liang has emphasized that his selection criteria for hiring is not based on money but rather passion and curiosity.He believes in hiring people who are deeply interested in research and technology.His leadership style is known to be hands-on; he is involved in every detail of the company’s development.For example, Liang personally checks the training strategies for DeepSeek’s AI systems, showing his dedication to making sure everything works as smoothly as possible.According to former DeepSeek researcher Benjamin Liu, this level of involvement has created a free and collaborative company culture where employees feel encouraged to share ideas.
Despite these potential challenges, DeepSeek’s rapid rise to success shows that AI is becoming an increasingly important industry in China.Liang Wenfeng’s leadership, his company’s innovative technology, and the support from both the tech community and the government have positioned DeepSeek as a significant player in the global AI race.As the company continues to grow, it will likely face both opportunities and challenges as it navigates the competitive and politically charged world of artificial intelligence.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国人工智能企业家梁文锋及其创立的DeepSeek公司如何通过创新技术、强大的团队和独特的领导风格在全球AI领域迅速崛起,并成为重要参与者。
1.What makes DeepSeek’s chatbot unique compared with ChatGPT
A.It uses more advanced computer chips.
B.It is only available in the U.S.App Store.
C.It is based on a completely different technology.
D.It achieves similar capabilities with less advanced chips.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中“It offers similar capabilities to OpenAI’s ChatGPT, but what makes it unique is that it uses fewer and less advanced computer chips compared to the technology used by American companies.(它的功能与OpenAI的ChatGPT相似,但其独特之处在于它使用了比美国公司技术更少且不那么先进的计算机芯片。)”可知,DeepSeek的聊天机器人的独特之处在于它用较少的、不那么先进的芯片实现了类似的功能。故选D。
2.What mainly contributes to DeepSeek’s success
A.The enormous fund.
B.The financial backgrounds.
C.The innovative and strong team.
D.The partnership with American AI companies.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段中“The success of DeepSeek isn’t just a result of its innovative chatbot.Liang has built a strong team, many of whom are recent graduates from some of China’s top universities, like Peking University.(DeepSeek的成功不仅仅是其创新聊天机器人的结果。梁文锋建立了一支强大的团队,其中许多人来自中国顶尖大学,如北京大学。)”可知,DeepSeek的成功主要归功于其创新的和强大的团队。故选C。
3.What does Liang Wenfeng value most when hiring employees
A.Their financial background.
B.Their ability to work independently.
C.Their passion and curiosity for research.
D.Their experience in American AI companies.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段中“In interviews, Liang has emphasized that his selection criteria for hiring is not based on money but rather passion and curiosity.He believes in hiring people who are deeply interested in research and technology.(在采访中,梁文锋强调他的招聘标准不是基于金钱,而是基于热情和好奇心。他相信应该雇用那些对研究和技术有浓厚兴趣的人。)”可知,梁文锋在招聘员工时最看重的是他们对研究和技术的热情与好奇心。故选C。
4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A.DeepSeek will avoid competing with other AI companies globally.
B.DeepSeek’s success will depend entirely on government support.
C.DeepSeek is likely to face both opportunities and challenges in the AI industry.
D.DeepSeek will focus only on technological innovation without considering other factors.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中“As the company continues to grow, it will likely face both opportunities and challenges as it navigates the competitive and politically charged world of artificial intelligence.(随着公司不断发展,它可能会在竞争激烈且充满政治挑战的人工智能领域中同时面临机遇和挑战。)”可知,DeepSeek未来可能会在AI行业中同时面临机遇和挑战。故选C。
B
(2025·邵阳模拟)
In the threatening trouble of climate change, growing commercial crops on solar farms is a potentially efficient use of agricultural land that can both increase commercial food production and improve solar panel performance and longevity(寿命), according to a new Cornell research.
“We now have, for the first time, a physics-based tool to estimate the costs and benefits of co-locating solar panels and commercial agriculture in terms of increased power conversion efficiency and solar-panel longevity,” said lead author Henry Williams, a doctoral student in Cornell Engineering.
“There is potential for agrivoltaic (农业光伏) systems—where agriculture and solar panels coexist—to provide increased passive cooling through taller panel heights, more reflective ground cover and higher evapotranspiration (蒸散) rates compared to traditional solar farms,” said Max Zhang, professor in the Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, “We can generate renewable electricity and conserve farmland through agrivoltaic systems.” In New York, for example, about 40% of solar farm capacity has been developed on agricultural lands, while about 84% of land suitable for solar development is agricultural, according to a previous research study from Zhang’s group.
The engineers showed that solar panels mounted over vegetation reveal surface temperature drops compared to those built over bare ground. Solar panels were mounted 4 meters above a cotton crop and the solar panels showed temperature reductions by up to 10 degrees Celsius, compared with those mounted a half-meter above bare soil.
“As you decrease the solar panel operating temperature, you can increase efficiency and improve the longevity of your solar panels,” said Williams, “We’re showing double benefits. On the one hand, you have food production for farmers, and on the other hand, we’ve shown improved longevity and improved conversion efficiency for solar developers.”
“Up to this point, most of the benefits from agrivoltaic systems have been around areas with abundant sunshine,” said Zhang, “This research is taking a step toward evaluating the application of agrivoltaics in climates representative of the Northeastern US in relaxing the land-use competition it faces.”
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述康奈尔大学的一项新研究,在气候变化带来的威胁中,在太阳能农场上种植经济作物是一种潜在的有效利用农业土地的方法,既可以增加商业粮食产量,又可以提高太阳能电池板的性能和寿命。
5.What does the new Cornell research convey
A.Growing commercial crops can relieve climate change.
B.It’s costly to improve solar panel performance and longevity.
C.Commercial agriculture can increase power conversion efficiency.
D.The coexistence of solar panels and commercial crops is mutually beneficial.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第一段“In the threatening trouble of climate change, growing commercial crops on solar farms is a potentially efficient use of agricultural land that can both increase commercial food production and improve solar panel performance and longevity, according to a new Cornell research.”可知,康奈尔大学的一项新研究表示,在太阳能农场上种植经济作物,既可以增加商业粮食产量,又可以提高太阳能电池板的性能和寿命。表明这种种植方式可以实现双赢。故选D。
6.Why does the author list the figures in Paragraph 3
A.To show the promising future of agrivoltaics.
B.To indicate the lack of solar farms in New York.
C.To tell agricultural lands are based on solar farms.
D.To demonstrate agricultural farms are more developed.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段中“In New York, for example, about 40% of solar farm capacity has been developed on agricultural lands, while about 84% of land suitable for solar development is agricultural, according to a previous research study from Zhang’s group.”可知,农业用地更适合太阳能开发,即展示了农业光伏的美好未来。故选A。
7.What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A.The Northeastern US is rich in agricultural lands.
B.Hot climate zones are ideal for developing agrivoltaics.
C.The research made a breakthrough in land-use competition.
D.The application of agrivoltaics in Northeastern US proved practical.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Up to this point, most of the benefits from agrivoltaic systems have been around areas with abundant sunshine,’ said Zhang, ‘This research is taking a step toward evaluating the application of agrivoltaics in climates representative of the Northeastern US in relaxing the land-use competition it faces.’”可知,阳光充足的地区更适合发展农业光伏。故选B。
8.Which is a suitable title for the text
A.Approaches to Tackling World Climate Change
B.Methods of Increasing Agricultural Production
C.Agrivoltaics Have Been Well Received in the US
D.Growing Crops at Solar Farms Generates Higher Efficiency
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。通读全文,根据第一段“In the threatening trouble of climate change, growing commercial crops on solar farms is a potentially efficient use of agricultural land that can both increase commercial food production and improve solar panel performance and longevity, according to a new Cornell research.”可知,本文主要讲述康奈尔大学的一项新研究,在气候变化带来的威胁中,在太阳能农场上种植经济作物是一种潜在的有效利用农业土地的方法,既可以增加商业粮食产量,又可以提高太阳能电池板的性能和寿命。选项D“在太阳能农场种植作物产生更高的效率”与文意相符,故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
题型 题号 试题难度 话题或考点 试题来源 情境标注 融合标注
容易 较易 一般 较难 困难
完形填空 9—23 √ 带女儿登山迷路,手机停止运行,最终靠旧习惯找到路 2026·徐州模拟 人与自我 —
　　I’d been exploring the 40-hectare woods around our cottage my whole life and I knew the way well.So it was a 　9　 when I found myself lost there.
One dull cold February afternoon, I had a sudden 　10　 to hike the hill with my two daughters.Putting on our snowshoes, we immediately 　11　 northwestward.While making our way up the hill, my daughters stopped occasionally to investigate unknown plants and to look at the abandoned deer beds...These really made their 　12　.
As the shadows started to 　13　, we moved further up.Soon, weariness began to 　14　 enthusiasm.We decided to return.Instead of backtracking over our 　15　 route, I chose to walk down the steep(陡峭的) side of the hill, 　16　 my general sense that ahead of us lay the stream that would guide us to the road.But as the terrain(地形) leveled out, I had my first major moment of 　17　: Where was the stream Were we off course
I instinctively(本能地) pulled out my phone to get my location, but it 　18　 in my hand in the cold air.　19　, I started feeling a bit panicky.However, I quickly 　20　 myself, reassuring my daughters to continue walking.Focusing on the landmarks, I spotted a familiar tree and eventually 　21　 the road.
That winter’s day taught me a valuable lesson about habitual reliance on technology.If my phone had 　22　 then, I might have directly followed the BDS, ignoring the old 　23　 of depending on surroundings and life skills.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者带女儿登山时在熟悉的树林迷路,手机失灵无法确认位置后凭旧习惯找到了路,领悟到不应该习惯性地依赖科技。
9.A.challenge　 B.shock C.reward D.reminder
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:所以,当我发现自己在那里迷路时,这真是一件令人震惊的事情。challenge挑战;shock令人震惊的事;reward奖励;reminder引起回忆的事物,提醒人的事物。根据上文“I’d been exploring the 40-hectare woods around our cottage my whole life and I knew the way well.”以及下文“when I found myself lost there”可知,作者对这片树林很熟悉,却在里面迷路了,这是一件令人震惊的事。故选B。
10.A.discovery B.response C.worry D.urge
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:二月的一个阴沉寒冷的下午,我突然有一种冲动,要和我的两个女儿一起去爬山。discovery发现;response回答,反应;worry担心;urge冲动。根据上下文可知,作者在这寒冷的下午突然想和女儿们去爬山,即突然有和女儿们去爬山的冲动。故选D。
11.A.escaped B.drove C.headed D.looked
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们穿上雪鞋,立即向西北方向走去。escaped逃跑;drove开车;headed朝……方向去;looked看。根据下文“northwestward”以及语境可知,此处表示作者一行人朝西北方向走去。故选C。
12.A.reputation B.dream C.day D.way
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:这些真的让她们开心了一整天。reputation名声;dream梦想;day一天;way路。根据上文“While making our way up the hill, my daughters stopped occasionally to investigate unknown plants and to look at the abandoned deer beds...”以及下文中“enthusiasm”可知,孩子们在爬山的过程中,不时停下来观察未知的植物,看废弃的鹿窝,这些活动让她们充满热情,让她们很开心。固定搭配make one’s day意为“使某人非常高兴”符合语境。故选C。
13.A.lengthen B.swing C.emerge D.fade
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:随着影子开始变长,我们继续往上走。lengthen(使)变长;swing摇摆;emerge出现;fade褪色。根据上文“One dull cold February afternoon, I had a sudden ______to hike the hill with my two daughters”以及“As the shadows started to”可知,作者和女儿们是下午开始爬山,随着时间推移,太阳西斜、落山,人的影子开始变长。故选A。
14.A.fuel B.witness C.overlook D.outpace
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:很快,疲惫开始压过热情。fuel给……提供燃料;witness目击;overlook忽视;outpace超过。根据下文“We decided to return.”可知,登山的疲惫开始压过热情,作者一行人决定返回。故选D。
15.A.original B.rough C.offbeat D.roundabout
【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们没有沿着原路返回,而是选择从陡峭的山坡往下走,凭着我的直觉,我相信我们前面有一条小溪会指引我们找到路。original原来的,原创的; rough粗糙的;offbeat不寻常的,标新立异的;roundabout迂回的,拐弯抹角的。根据上文“Instead of backtracking over our”可知,作者一行人没有沿着原路返回。故选A。
16.A.appreciating B.trusting C.envisioning D.assessing
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。appreciating欣赏;trusting相信;envisioning想象;assessing评估。根据下文“my general sense that ahead of us lay the stream that would guide us to the road”可知,作者相信自己的直觉,认为前面有一条小溪会指引他们找到路。故选B。
17.A.curiosity B.comparison C.doubt D.anticipation
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:但是当地形变得平坦时,我第一次产生了怀疑:小溪在哪里 我们偏离路线了吗 curiosity好奇心;comparison比较;doubt怀疑;anticipation期待。根据下文“Where was the stream Were we off course ”可知,没看到小溪让作者开始怀疑,是否偏离了路线。故选C。
18.A.died B.slipped C.flashed D.rang
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:我本能地掏出手机想确定我的位置,但它却在寒冷的空气中在我手中停止了运行。died停止运转;slipped滑落;flashed闪烁;rang响起铃声。根据下文“I started feeling a bit panicky.”以及“If my phone had______then, I might have directly followed the BDS, ignoring the old______of depending on surroundings and life skills.”可知,作者想用手机确认自己的位置,但是手机由于低温停止了运行。故选A。
19.A.Reportedly B.Admittedly
C.Seemingly D.Surprisingly
【解析】选B。考查副词词义辨析。句意:诚然,我开始感到有点恐慌。Reportedly据说,据报道;Admittedly诚然,无可否认;Seemingly似乎;Surprisingly惊人地。根据下文“I started feeling a bit panicky.However, I quickly______myself, reassuring my daughters to continue walking.”可知,作者承认由于手机因低温停止运行无法确认位置,自己开始感到恐慌。故选B。
20.A.exposed B.composed C.defended D.behaved
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而,我很快让自己镇定下来,安慰女儿们继续走。exposed暴露;composed使镇静,使镇定;defended防御;behaved表现。根据上文“I started feeling a bit panicky.”以及下文“reassuring my daughters to continue walking”可知,作者很快让自己镇定下来,安慰女儿们继续走。故选B。
21.A.got off B.laid down C.came across D.made out
【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意:我专注于地标,发现了一棵熟悉的树,最终辨认出了大路。got off下车; laid down放下;came across(偶然)遇见,碰见;made out辨认出。根据上文“Were we off course ”以及“I spotted a familiar tree”可知,作者发现了熟悉的树,辨认出了路。故选D。
22.A.worked B.remained C.changed D.overheated
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果我的手机当时还能用,我可能会直接跟着北斗卫星导航系统走,而忽略了依靠周围环境和生存技能的旧习惯。worked工作,运转;remained保持;changed改变;overheated过热。根据上文“I instinctively pulled out my phone to get my location, but it______in my hand in the cold air.”以及下文“I might have directly followed the BDS”可知,此处是虚拟语气,对过去情况的假设,如果手机还能正常工作、还能用,作者可能会直接跟着北斗卫星导航系统走。故选A。
23.A.theory B.standard C.practice D.routine
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:如果我的手机当时还能用,我可能会直接跟着北斗卫星导航系统走,而忽略了依靠周围环境和生存技能的旧习惯。theory理论;standard标准;practice惯常做的事,习惯;routine常规。根据下文“of depending on surroundings and life skills”可知,此处指依靠周围环境和生存技能是惯常做法、旧习惯。故选C。
Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
题型 题号 试题难度 话题或考点 试题来源 情境标注 融合标注
容易 较易 一般 较难 困难
语法填空 24—33 √ 一款名为“ArtfulSign”的手语应用程序 2026·成都模拟 人与社会 —
　　At the ninth China Collegiate Computing Contest(中国高校计算机大赛), a sign language app named ArtfulSign won three awards.24._______(develop) by three hearing-impaired(听力受损) students, the app uses AI to help hearing-impaired people learn sign language.
The most notable feature of ArtfulSign is its use of AI models in sign language teaching.Each sign language word 25._______(demonstrate) through real-person videos.After learning, users can activate the camera,26._______ the app will recognize and assess the accuracy of their sign language.What’s more, ArtfulSign has designed the learning process in 27._______ form of answering questions and unlocking maps,28._______ not only adds fun but also better matches each user’s individual progress and level.
The CEO praised the team 29._______(public) after their victory.30._______ seeing his post, Zhao typed the phrase “breaking the fourth wall” on her phone to describe her feelings at the time.
“We hope that one day ArtfulSign 31._______(become) as common as accessible ramps(无障碍坡道),32._______(allow) both the hearing-impaired and hearing people to use sign language.Ultimately, there will be 33._______(few) barriers between us,” Zhao wrote.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在中国高校计算机大赛上获得三项大奖的一款名为“ArtfulSign”的手语应用程序。
24.【解析】Developed。考查非谓语动词。句意:该应用由三名听障学生开发,使用人工智能帮助有听力问题的人学习手语。空格处应该用非谓语动词作状语,动词develop与句子的主语the app之间是被动关系,所以应该用过去分词作状语。位于句首,首字母大写。故填Developed。
25.【解析】is demonstrated。考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:每个手语单词都通过真人视频演示。空格处是谓语动词,描述客观情况,用一般现在时,主语Each sign language word与动词demonstrate之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态;主语是单数形式,be动词用is。故填is demonstrated。
26.【解析】and。考查连词。句意:学习后,用户可以激活摄像头,应用程序将识别并评估他们的手语的准确性。空格前后的两个句子是并列关系,所以应该用连词and连接。故填and。
27.【解析】the。考查冠词。句意:更重要的是,ArtfulSign以回答问题和解锁地图的形式设计了学习过程,不仅增加了乐趣,也更好地匹配了每个用户的个人进度和水平。in the form of “以……的形式”是固定搭配。故填the。
28.【解析】which。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,对上文的内容进行补充说明,从句中缺少主语,所以应该用关系代词which代替上文的内容,在从句中作主语。故填which。
29.【解析】publicly。考查副词。句意:公司首席执行官在团队获胜后公开称赞了他们。空格处修饰谓语动词praised,作状语,应该用副词形式publicly。故填publicly。
30.【解析】On/Upon。考查介词。句意:看到他的帖子后,赵在手机上打出了“打破第四堵墙”来描述自己当时的感受。根据句意和空格后的动名词seeing可知,空格处应该填入一个介词,且意义为“就在……之后;一……就”,所以用介词on或upon。位于句首,首字母大写。故填On/Upon。
31.【解析】will become。考查时态。句意:赵写道:“我们希望有一天,ArtfulSign能像无障碍坡道一样普及,让听力受损者和听力正常者都能使用手语。最终,我们之间的隔阂将会更少。”空格处是that从句的谓语动词,根据句意和时间状语one day可知,此处表示对未来的希望,应该用一般将来时。故填will become。
32.【解析】allowing。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空格处应该用非谓语动词作状语,动词allow与上文的内容之间是主动关系,所以应该用现在分词allowing作状语。故填allowing。
33.【解析】fewer。考查形容词比较级。句意:最终,我们之间的隔阂将会更少。根据句意和空格后的名词barriers可知,空格处作定语,修饰后面的名词,且意义为“更少的”,所以用few的比较级形式fewer。故填fewer。
- 15 -选择性必修 第四册
Unit 1　Science Fiction
Step 1　题源研读·入境体验
Traffic Lights Controlled by Artificial Intelligence
人工智能控制的红绿灯
　　Every driver loves sailing through a series of green lights without having to stop and wait at a traffic light.Now, thanks to artificial intelligence, German researchers have found a way to reduce time spent at intersections(十字路口). Called the KI4LSA project and funded by the Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure, the innovation is being tested.Scientists first studied algorithms(算法)taken from a busy intersection to learn about traffic patterns and where improvements were most needed.There is a great necessity to speed up waiting times at intersections as conventional methods are inflexible, according to the Fraunhofer Institute. The new AI method uses radar sensors and high-resolution cameras to interpret traffic patterns in real-time.They can determine the speed of traffic as well as waiting times and combine this with self-learning algorithms. 　　The intelligent lights are said to improve traffic flow by 10 to 15 percent, which results in money saved; the EU estimates that traffic jams create economic damage that adds up to 100 billion euros a year.Aside from reducing commuting time, these traffic lights will reduce noise and CO2 emissions from cars idling at intersections. Testing will be done until the summer of 2022 in the German towns of Lemgo and Bielefeld, with researchers optimistic that it will be adopted by many countries.This technology is exciting news for pedestrians and drivers alike.It encourages safety, protects the environment, and may even give you more time to enjoy your morning coffee before heading off to work! —http://www.goodnet.org (同源高考:2019年北京高考完形填空选自本网站)
【名师原创】 1.What is the function of AI in the KI4LSA project (A) A.To provide real-time information about traffic. B.To detect road conditions and noise pollution. C.To control traffic lights and the speed of vehicles. D.To remind people of traffic rules at intersections. 2.Which could be the best title for the text (D) A.The Bright Future of AI Technology B.The New Traffic Service for Senior Citizens C.Digital Traffic System: A Start to Smart Cites D.The Intelligent Lights: A Blessing for Transportation 【长难句分析】 Scientists first studied algorithms taken from a busy intersection to learn about traffic patterns and where improvements were most needed. 本句是一个主从复合句,主句是:Scientists first studied algorithms;非谓语短语“taken from a busy intersection” 在句中作定语;不定式短语“to learn about traffic patterns and where improvements were most needed”在句中作目的状语;where引导宾语从句。
Step 2　核心考点·探究突破
【重点单词】
1.guilty adj.内疚的;有罪的;有过失的
【语境速测】
①So many people could never go to school.They didn’t have the chance to learn and get on in life.This worried me a lot and I felt very guilty being(be)a rich man without doing anything.
②After lying to my parents,I had a strong sense of guilt(guilty).
③I felt guilty for/at/about my conflict with my dear friend and I must apologize to him.
④A feeling of guilt floating into my mind,I gathered my courage to tell her the horrible truth.
一种负罪感涌上心头,我鼓起勇气告诉她可怕的真相。
(1)be guilty of　　 犯有……罪
be/feel guilty for/at/about...
对/为……感到内疚
(2)guilt n.内疚;悔恨;犯罪;罪行
out of guilt 出于愧疚
2.declare vt.表明;宣称;公布
【语境速测】
①Japan had hatched a plot to launch a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor,so the attack began without warning and without declaring (declare)war on the United States.
②The instant the ceremony was declared (declare)open,all the students in our school burst into cheers.
③When the teacher declared me to be the winner of the English Speech Contest, I was surprised and pleased.
当老师宣布我是这次英语演讲比赛的获胜者时,我又惊又喜。
(1)declare war on/against... 向……宣战
declare...to be/as... 宣布……是……
declare that... 宣告;宣称
(2)declaration n.公告;宣告
3.urge vt. 催促; 力劝; 大力推荐
n. 强烈的欲望; 冲动
【语境速测】
①As we become more and more dependent on computers,some scientists are urging us to think(think)about the dangers posed by the advances in AI.
②Scientists and politicians have deeply recognized the urgent(urge) need to address climate change and take effective action to protect the planet for generations to come.
③父母应该敦促孩子们积极锻炼。
→Parents are supposed to urge that their children(should) work out actively.(宾语从句, work out)
→Parents are supposed to urge their children to take exercise actively.(不定式, take exercise)
④It is urged that we students take regular exercise to keep fit and energetic.
坚决要求我们学生经常锻炼以保持身体健康和精力充沛。
(1)urge sb.to do sth. 催促某人做某事
urge that...(should) do sth.
极力主张……做某事
(2)have an urge to do sth.
渴望做某事
(3)urgent adj.紧急的;迫切的
urgency n.紧急;迫切
4.dismiss vt.让(某人)离开;解散;解雇;消除;不予考虑
【语境速测】
①Although his theory has been dismissed by scholars,it shows how powerful the secrets of Ancient Maya civilisation are among people. 不予考虑
②Mary was at the risk of being dismissed since she always chatted with others during the working time. 解雇
③Dismissing her fears,she climbed higher. 消除
④The thought of escape crossed my mind,but immediately I dismissed it as unrealistic.
逃跑的念头在心头一闪,但我立刻打消了,认为这样做不现实。
(1)dismiss...from... 把……免职/开除/消除
dismiss...as... 将……视作……而不予考虑
(2)dismissal n.免职,解雇;不予考虑
【核心短语】
5.take over占上风; 取而代之; 接手; 接管
【语境速测】
①After taking over the firm from his father,Tom took in some more advanced ideas and took on some experienced and hard-working workers,which suggested that his firm would take off soon.Certainly,managing the firm took up almost all his time.However,Tom held the strong belief that his firm would take on a new look in the near future.
②Technology is there to help us, so we shouldn’t allow it to take over our life.
科技是用来帮助我们的,因此我们不应该让它控制我们的生活。
take off 起飞;匆匆离去;脱下;大获成功
take on 呈现;雇用;承担
take in 吸收;接纳;理解;欺骗
take up 占用;占据;开始从事
take down 写下;取下;拆除
take apart 拆开
take away 拿走;带走;减去;使停止
take back 退回;收回
take to (doing) sth. 喜欢上(做)某事;养成做某事的习惯
6.turn out关掉; 熄灭; 在场;朝外;结果是
【语境速测】
①As it turned out, there was no need to be nervous because all my hard work paid off and I played perfectly. 证明是,结果是
②In Uganda, Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes.But that was not all.He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him. 在场
③Remember to turn out the lights when you go to bed. 关掉,熄灭
④It turns out that helping others realize their dreams gives me more pleasure.
事实证明,帮助别人实现他们的梦想让我更快乐。
turn out (+to be)+adj./n.结果/原来……
It turns/turned out that... 结果/原来……
as it turns/turned out 事实证明;正如后来表明的;果不其然
7.fall away(逐渐)减少; 消失
【语境速测】
①(2024·浙江1月高考)However, while some of her classmates edged ahead, others actually fell behind.
②When early autumn came, the leaves began to fall off the trees, and the spring was covered with leaves.
③(牛津高阶词典)His supporters fell away as his popularity declined.
④The plan will fall apart if there is not enough financial support.
fall apart　　　 精神崩溃;土崩瓦解
fall away 减少;降低
fall behind (sb./sth.) 落后;落在……后面
fall down 跌落;失败;倒塌
fall over sb./sth. 被……绊倒
fall off 从……上掉下来
【经典句型】
8.He seemed more like a human than a machine.(P2)他看着不太像机器,而更像一个真人。
【语境速测】
①The experience was more exciting (excite)than frightening,during which my heart beat violently the whole time.
②At the sight of this,Sue screamed,not loudly,more in surprise than terror.
看到这一幕,苏尖叫了一声,声音并不大,更多的是惊讶而不是恐惧。
③He is more intelligent than clever when it comes to solving problems.
在解决问题方面,与其说他聪明,不如说他更有智慧。
(1)more...than...与其说……不如说……
(2)more than与数词连用,意为“超过;不止”,相当于over;
more than与名词连用,意为“不只是;不仅仅……”,相当于not only;
more than与形容词、副词连用,意为“非常,很”,相当于very。
9.As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern.(P2)
她转过身来,格拉迪斯·克拉芬站在那里。
【语境速测】
①From the valley came the beautiful song(山谷里传来美妙的歌声), which impressed me a lot.
②On the floor sat a boy(地上坐着一个男孩) who was surrounded by a pile of books.
③Here comes the issue(问题来了) you’re concerned about.
④Attached to the badge was a note, saying the location where it was found and expressing his admiration for her contributions to the park protection.
他在徽章上附着一张纸条,上面写着发现它的地点,还表达了对她保护公园所作的贡献的赞赏。
⑤Then followed an interactive session where we exchanged gifts with our visiting exchange students.
随后是互动环节,我们与来访的交换生交换了礼物。
(1)out、in、into、down、up、away、here、now、then、there等表示方位和时间的副词及表示地点的介词短语置于句首,且主语是名词时,句子用完全倒装;
(2)当作表语的介词短语、形容词、分词提到系动词前面时,句子要完全倒装,构成“介词短语/形容词/分词+系动词+主语”结构。
Step 3　跟踪评估·夯基提能
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly(week) supply of fresh greens.
2.The appointed(appoint)hour of the ceremony was drawing nearer.
3.(2024·全国甲卷)This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down—a skill that has turned out to be quite practical, especially whenever we share the newspaper.
4.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)People select digital texts randomly(random).
5.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)However, for maximizing (maximum)learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words.
6.To us, the most likely explanation appears to be that the basis (base) lies in their living with humans.
7.The explosion(explode) was caused by a leaking gas pipe,which made the boss explode with anger.
8.I feel guilty (guilt) for teasing the innocent child who fell over on the muddy (mud) track.
Ⅱ.完成句子
【短语填空】
1.此刻那个年轻人正在测试他的新车。
The young man is testing out his new car at the moment.
2.我们有必要权衡把英语词汇纳入汉语词典的利弊。
It is necessary that we weigh the pros and cons of including English words in Chinese dictionaries.
3.李萍,我最好的朋友,竟然在班会上宣布反对我的建议。
Li Ping,my best friend,should declare against my advice at the class meeting.
【句式仿写】
4.Even though Tony had been in the next room,he managed to catch her in time.
仿写:即使我们会遇到困难,为实现理想而吃苦也是值得的。
It is worthwhile to suffer for our dreams,even though we may meet difficulties.
5.It was at ten o’clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career.
仿写:昨晚,直到他的妻子回来,他才上床睡觉。
Last night,it was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
Ⅲ.语篇填空
(黑体词是本单元核心词汇)
A household robot named Tony was going to 1.be tested (test) out in a family by Claire.Claire didn’t like the idea at the beginning, but she agreed to it at last.At her first sight of Tony, Claire was 2.alarmed (alarm), for the robot seemed more like a human 3.than a machine, handsome with smooth hair and a deep voice.When Tony offered to help her 4.dressing (dress),Claire felt embarrassed.Claire complained that she wasn’t clever so Tony showed sympathy for her,which she thought was ridiculous.5.Gradually (gradual), Tony began to win Claire’s trust.As a favour,Tony helped Claire make herself smarter and her home 6.more elegant (elegant).In an expensive clothes shop, when the saleswoman was rude to her,she 7.rang (ring) Tony up for help.Tony made the woman change her attitude and Claire thanked Tony, 8.saying (say) that he was a “dear”.However, the scene was discovered by Gladys Claffern, so Claire felt 9.guilty (guilt).Claire wept after arriving home and to comfort her, Tony suggested she 10.(should) invite (invite) Gladys and her friends to the house which would have been completely transformed by then.
Ⅳ.单元话题写作|科学与技术
假设你是李华,某英语网站正在征集以“Changes caused by technology”为主题的文章,请你用英文写一篇征文讲述科技为我们的生活带来了哪些变化。
【连词成句】
1.科技在不断地改变着我们的生活。
Technology is constantly changing our life.
2.在日常生活中,我们从科技所带来的变化中受益匪浅。
We’re benefiting a lot from the changes caused by technology in our daily routine.
3.科技创新缩短了人与人之间的距离。
Scientific and technological innovation shortens the distance between people.
4.我们可以用智能手机和互联网很容易地与家人朋友保持联系。
We can use smart phones and the Internet to keep in touch with our family and friends easily.
5.人工智能可以自动为我们做很多事,使得我们的生活更方便和舒适。
Artificial intelligence can do a lot for us automatically, which makes our life more convenient and more comfortable.
6.作为学生,我们可以通过互联网搜索相关的信息和资源,这使得我们的学习更有效。
As students, we can search for relevant information and resources through the Internet, making our study more efficient.
7.现代科技已经给我们的生活带来了很多益处。我相信将来它会继续改善我们的生活。
Modern technology has brought many benefits to our life. I believe that it will keep improving our life in the future.
【连句成篇】
__________________________________________________________________
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【参考范文】
　　Technology is constantly changing our life.We’re benefiting a lot from the changes caused by technology in our daily routine.
To begin with, scientific and technological innovation shortens the distance between people.We can use smart phones and the Internet to keep in touch with our family and friends easily.Besides, artificial intelligence can do a lot for us automatically, which makes our life more convenient and more comfortable.What’s more, as students, we can search for relevant information and resources through the Internet, making our study more efficient.
All in all, modern technology has brought many benefits to our life.Hence, I believe that it will keep improving our life in the future.
- 13 -(共60张PPT)
课时跟踪训练
Unit 1　Science Fiction
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分,满分20分)
A
Liang Wenfeng, a 40-year-old entrepreneur, has quickly become a key figure in China’s artificial intelligence (AI) industry, though his journey to success wasn’t planned.Before entering into AI, Liang had a background in finance.In 2023, he founded DeepSeek, a company based in Hangzhou focused on creating advanced large language models, a type of AI that can generate text and answer questions.
DeepSeek’s chatbot has taken the tech world by surprise, shooting to the top of the U.S.App Store in early 2025.It offers similar capabilities to OpenAI’s ChatGPT, but what makes it unique is that it uses fewer and less advanced computer chips compared to the technology used by American companies.
The success of DeepSeek isn’t just a result of its innovative chatbot.Liang has built a strong team, many of whom are recent graduates from some of China’s top universities, like Peking University.In interviews, Liang has emphasized that his selection criteria for hiring is not based on money but rather passion and curiosity.He believes in hiring people who are deeply interested in research and technology.His leadership style is known to be hands-on; he is involved in every detail of the company’s development.For example, Liang personally checks
the training strategies for DeepSeek’s AI systems, showing his dedication to making sure everything works as smoothly as possible.According to former DeepSeek researcher Benjamin Liu, this level of involvement has created a free and collaborative company culture where employees feel encouraged to share ideas.
Despite these potential challenges, DeepSeek’s rapid rise to success shows that AI is becoming an increasingly important industry in China.Liang Wenfeng’s leadership, his company’s innovative technology, and the support from both the tech community and the government have positioned DeepSeek as a significant player in the global AI race.As the company continues to grow, it will likely face both opportunities and challenges as it navigates the competitive and politically charged world of artificial intelligence.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国人工智能企业家梁文锋及其创立的DeepSeek公司如何通过创新技术、强大的团队和独特的领导风格在全球AI领域迅速崛起,并成为重要参与者。
1.What makes DeepSeek’s chatbot unique compared with ChatGPT
A.It uses more advanced computer chips.
B.It is only available in the U.S.App Store.
C.It is based on a completely different technology.
D.It achieves similar capabilities with less advanced chips.
√
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中“It offers similar capabilities to OpenAI’s ChatGPT, but what makes it unique is that it uses fewer and less advanced computer chips compared to the technology used by American companies.(它的功能与OpenAI的ChatGPT相似,但其独特之处在于它使用了比美国公司技术更少且不那么先进的计算机芯片。)”可知,DeepSeek的聊天机器人的独特之处在于它用较少的、不那么先进的芯片实现了类似的功能。故选D。
2.What mainly contributes to DeepSeek’s success
A.The enormous fund.
B.The financial backgrounds.
C.The innovative and strong team.
D.The partnership with American AI companies.
√
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段中“The success of DeepSeek isn’t just a result of its innovative chatbot.Liang has built a strong team, many of whom are recent graduates from some of China’s top universities, like Peking University.(DeepSeek的成功不仅仅是其创新聊天机器人的结果。梁文锋建立了一支强大的团队,其中许多人来自中国顶尖大学,如北京大学。)”可知,DeepSeek的成功主要归功于其创新的和强大的团队。故选C。
3.What does Liang Wenfeng value most when hiring employees
A.Their financial background.
B.Their ability to work independently.
C.Their passion and curiosity for research.
D.Their experience in American AI companies.
√
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段中“In interviews, Liang has emphasized that his selection criteria for hiring is not based on money but rather passion and curiosity.He believes in hiring people who are deeply interested in research and technology.(在采访中,梁文锋强调他的招聘标准不是基于金钱,而是基于热情和好奇心。他相信应该雇用那些对研究和技术有浓厚兴趣的人。)”可知,梁文锋在招聘员工时最看重的是他们对研究和技术的热情与好奇心。故选C。
4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A.DeepSeek will avoid competing with other AI companies globally.
B.DeepSeek’s success will depend entirely on government support.
C.DeepSeek is likely to face both opportunities and challenges in the AI industry.
D.DeepSeek will focus only on technological innovation without considering other factors.
√
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中“As the company continues to grow, it will likely face both opportunities and challenges as it navigates the competitive and politically charged world of artificial intelligence.(随着公司不断发展,它可能会在竞争激烈且充满政治挑战的人工智能领域中同时面临机遇和挑战。)”可知,DeepSeek未来可能会在AI行业中同时面临机遇和挑战。故选C。
B
(2025·邵阳模拟)
In the threatening trouble of climate change, growing commercial crops on solar farms is a potentially efficient use of agricultural land that can both increase commercial food production and improve solar panel performance and longevity(寿命), according to a new Cornell research.
“We now have, for the first time, a physics-based tool to estimate the costs and benefits of co-locating solar panels and commercial agriculture in terms of increased power conversion efficiency and solar-panel longevity,” said lead author Henry Williams, a doctoral student in Cornell Engineering.
“There is potential for agrivoltaic (农业光伏) systems—where agriculture and solar panels coexist—to provide increased passive cooling through taller panel heights, more reflective ground cover and higher evapotranspiration (蒸散) rates compared to traditional solar farms,” said Max Zhang, professor in the Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, “We can generate renewable electricity and conserve farmland through agrivoltaic systems.” In New York, for example, about 40% of solar farm capacity has been developed on agricultural lands, while about 84% of land suitable for solar development is agricultural, according to a previous research study from Zhang’s group.
The engineers showed that solar panels mounted over vegetation reveal surface temperature drops compared to those built over bare ground. Solar panels were mounted 4 meters above a cotton crop and the solar panels showed temperature reductions by up to 10 degrees Celsius, compared with those mounted a half-meter above bare soil.
“As you decrease the solar panel operating temperature, you can increase efficiency and improve the longevity of your solar panels,” said Williams, “We’re showing double benefits. On the one hand, you have food production for farmers, and on the other hand, we’ve shown improved longevity and improved conversion efficiency for solar developers.”
“Up to this point, most of the benefits from agrivoltaic systems have been around areas with abundant sunshine,” said Zhang, “This research is taking a step toward evaluating the application of agrivoltaics in climates representative of the Northeastern US in relaxing the land-use competition it faces.”
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述康奈尔大学的一项新研究,在气候变化带来的威胁中,在太阳能农场上种植经济作物是一种潜在的有效利用农业土地的方法,既可以增加商业粮食产量,又可以提高太阳能电池板的性能和寿命。
5.What does the new Cornell research convey
A.Growing commercial crops can relieve climate change.
B.It’s costly to improve solar panel performance and longevity.
C.Commercial agriculture can increase power conversion efficiency.
D.The coexistence of solar panels and commercial crops is mutually beneficial.
√
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第一段“In the threatening trouble of climate change, growing commercial crops on solar farms is a potentially efficient use of agricultural land that can both increase commercial food production and improve solar panel performance and longevity, according to a new Cornell research.”可知,康奈尔大学的一项新研究表示,在太阳能农场上种植经济作物,既可以增加商业粮食产量,又可以提高太阳能电池板的性能和寿命。表明这种种植方式可以实现双赢。故选D。
6.Why does the author list the figures in Paragraph 3
A.To show the promising future of agrivoltaics.
B.To indicate the lack of solar farms in New York.
C.To tell agricultural lands are based on solar farms.
D.To demonstrate agricultural farms are more developed.
√
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段中“In New York, for example, about 40% of solar farm capacity has been developed on agricultural lands, while about 84% of land suitable for solar development is agricultural, according to a previous research study from Zhang’s group.”可知,农业用地更适合太阳能开发,即展示了农业光伏的美好未来。故选A。
7.What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A.The Northeastern US is rich in agricultural lands.
B.Hot climate zones are ideal for developing agrivoltaics.
C.The research made a breakthrough in land-use competition.
D.The application of agrivoltaics in Northeastern US proved practical.
√
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Up to this point, most of the benefits from agrivoltaic systems have been around areas with abundant sunshine,’ said Zhang, ‘This research is taking a step toward evaluating the application of agrivoltaics in climates representative of the Northeastern US in relaxing the land-use competition it faces.’”可知,阳光充足的地区更适合发展农业光伏。故选B。
8.Which is a suitable title for the text
A.Approaches to Tackling World Climate Change
B.Methods of Increasing Agricultural Production
C.Agrivoltaics Have Been Well Received in the US
D.Growing Crops at Solar Farms Generates Higher Efficiency
√
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。通读全文,根据第一段“In the threatening trouble of climate change, growing commercial crops on solar farms is a potentially efficient use of agricultural land that can both increase commercial food production and improve solar panel performance and longevity, according to a new Cornell research.”可知,本文主要讲述康奈尔大学的一项新研究,在气候变化带来的威胁中,在太阳能农场上种植经济作物是一种潜在的有效利用农业土地的方法,既可以增加商业粮食产量,又可以提高太阳能电池板的性能和寿命。选项D“在太阳能农场种植作物产生更高的效率”与文意相符,故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
题型 题号 试题难度 话题或考点 试题来源 情境标注 融合标注
容易 较易 一般 较难 困难
完形填空 9—23 √ 带女儿登山迷路,手机停止运行,最终靠旧习惯找到路 2026·徐州模拟 人与自我 —
　　I’d been exploring the 40-hectare woods around our cottage my whole life and I knew the way well.So it was a 　9　 when I found myself lost there.
One dull cold February afternoon, I had a sudden 　10　 to hike the hill with my two daughters.Putting on our snowshoes, we immediately 　11　 northwestward.While making our way up the hill, my daughters stopped occasionally to investigate unknown plants and to look at the abandoned deer beds...These really made their 　12　.
As the shadows started to 　13　, we moved further up.Soon, weariness began to 　14　 enthusiasm.We decided to return.Instead of backtracking over our 　15　 route, I chose to walk down the steep(陡峭的) side of the hill, 　16　 my general sense that ahead of us lay the stream that would guide us to the road.But as the terrain(地形) leveled out, I had my first major moment of 　17　: Where was the stream Were we off course
I instinctively(本能地) pulled out my phone to get my location, but it 　18　 in my hand in the cold air.　19　, I started feeling a bit panicky.However, I quickly 　20　 myself, reassuring my daughters to continue walking.Focusing on the landmarks, I spotted a familiar tree and eventually 　21　 the road.
That winter’s day taught me a valuable lesson about habitual reliance on technology.If my phone had 　22　 then, I might have directly followed the BDS, ignoring the old 　23　 of depending on surroundings and life skills.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者带女儿登山时在熟悉的树林迷路,手机失灵无法确认位置后凭旧习惯找到了路,领悟到不应该习惯性地依赖科技。
9.A.challenge　 B.shock C.reward D.reminder
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:所以,当我发现自己在那里迷路时,这真是一件令人震惊的事情。challenge挑战;shock令人震惊的事;reward奖励;reminder引起回忆的事物,提醒人的事物。根据上文“I’d been exploring the 40-hectare woods around our cottage my whole life and I knew the way well.”以及下文“when I found myself lost there”可知,作者对这片树林很熟悉,却在里面迷路了,这是一件令人震惊的事。故选B。
√
10.A.discovery B.response C.worry D.urge
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:二月的一个阴沉寒冷的下午,我突然有一种冲动,要和我的两个女儿一起去爬山。discovery发现;response回答,反应;worry担心;urge冲动。根据上下文可知,作者在这寒冷的下午突然想和女儿们去爬山,即突然有和女儿们去爬山的冲动。故选D。
√
11.A.escaped B.drove C.headed D.looked
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们穿上雪鞋,立即向西北方向走去。escaped逃跑;drove开车;headed朝……方向去;looked看。根据下文“northwestward”以及语境可知,此处表示作者一行人朝西北方向走去。故选C。
√
12.A.reputation B.dream C.day D.way
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:这些真的让她们开心了一整天。reputation名声;dream梦想;day一天;way路。根据上文“While making our way up the hill, my daughters stopped occasionally to investigate unknown plants and to look at the abandoned deer beds...”以及下文中“enthusiasm”可知,孩子们在爬山的过程中,不时停下来观察未知的植物,看废弃的鹿窝,这些活动让她们充满热情,让她们很开心。固定搭配make one’s day意为“使某人非常高兴”符合语境。故选C。
√
13.A.lengthen B.swing C.emerge D.fade
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:随着影子开始变长,我们继续往上走。lengthen(使)变长;swing摇摆;emerge出现;fade褪色。根据上文“One dull cold February afternoon, I had a sudden ______to hike the hill with my two daughters”以及“As the shadows started to”可知,作者和女儿们是下午开始爬山,随着时间推移,太阳西斜、落山,人的影子开始变长。故选A。
√
14.A.fuel B.witness C.overlook D.outpace
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:很快,疲惫开始压过热情。fuel给……提供燃料;witness目击;overlook忽视;outpace超过。根据下文“We decided to return.”可知,登山的疲惫开始压过热情,作者一行人决定返回。故选D。
√
15.A.original B.rough C.offbeat D.roundabout
【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们没有沿着原路返回,而是选择从陡峭的山坡往下走,凭着我的直觉,我相信我们前面有一条小溪会指引我们找到路。original原来的,原创的; rough粗糙的;offbeat不寻常的,标新立异的;roundabout迂回的,拐弯抹角的。根据上文“Instead of backtracking over our”可知,作者一行人没有沿着原路返回。故选A。
√
16.A.appreciating B.trusting
C.envisioning D.assessing
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。appreciating欣赏;trusting相信;envisioning想象;assessing评估。根据下文“my general sense that ahead of us lay the stream that would guide us to the road”可知,作者相信自己的直觉,认为前面有一条小溪会指引他们找到路。故选B。
√
17.A.curiosity B.comparison
C.doubt D.anticipation
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:但是当地形变得平坦时,我第一次产生了怀疑:小溪在哪里 我们偏离路线了吗 curiosity好奇心;comparison比较;doubt怀疑;anticipation期待。根据下文“Where was the stream Were we off course ”可知,没看到小溪让作者开始怀疑,是否偏离了路线。故选C。
√
18.A.died B.slipped C.flashed D.rang
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:我本能地掏出手机想确定我的位置,但它却在寒冷的空气中在我手中停止了运行。died停止运转;slipped滑落;flashed闪烁;rang响起铃声。根据下文“I started feeling a bit panicky.”以及“If my phone had______then, I might have directly followed the BDS, ignoring the old______of depending on surroundings and life skills.”可知,作者想用手机确认自己的位置,但是手机由于低温停止了运行。故选A。
√
19.A.Reportedly B.Admittedly
C.Seemingly D.Surprisingly
【解析】选B。考查副词词义辨析。句意:诚然,我开始感到有点恐慌。Reportedly据说,据报道;Admittedly诚然,无可否认;Seemingly似乎;Surprisingly惊人地。根据下文“I started feeling a bit panicky.However, I quickly______myself, reassuring my daughters to continue walking.”可知,作者承认由于手机因低温停止运行无法确认位置,自己开始感到恐慌。故选B。
√
20.A.exposed B.composed C.defended D.behaved
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而,我很快让自己镇定下来,安慰女儿们继续走。exposed暴露;composed使镇静,使镇定;defended防御;behaved表现。根据上文“I started feeling a bit panicky.”以及下文“reassuring my daughters to continue walking”可知,作者很快让自己镇定下来,安慰女儿们继续走。故选B。
√
21.A.got off B.laid down
C.came across D.made out
【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意:我专注于地标,发现了一棵熟悉的树,最终辨认出了大路。got off下车; laid down放下;came across(偶然)遇见,碰见;made out辨认出。根据上文“Were we off course ”以及“I spotted a familiar tree”可知,作者发现了熟悉的树,辨认出了路。故选D。
√
22.A.worked B.remained C.changed D.overheated
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果我的手机当时还能用,我可能会直接跟着北斗卫星导航系统走,而忽略了依靠周围环境和生存技能的旧习惯。worked工作,运转;remained保持;changed改变;overheated过热。根据上文“I instinctively pulled out my phone to get my location, but it______in my hand in the cold air.”以及下文“I might have directly followed the BDS”可知,此处是虚拟语气,对过去情况的假设,如果手机还能正常工作、还能用,作者可能会直接跟着北斗卫星导航系统走。故选A。
√
23.A.theory B.standard C.practice D.routine
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:如果我的手机当时还能用,我可能会直接跟着北斗卫星导航系统走,而忽略了依靠周围环境和生存技能的旧习惯。theory理论;standard标准;practice惯常做的事,习惯;routine常规。根据下文“of depending on surroundings and life skills”可知,此处指依靠周围环境和生存技能是惯常做法、旧习惯。故选C。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
题型 题号 试题难度 话题或考点 试题来源 情境标注 融合标注
容易 较易 一般 较难 困难
语法填空 24—33 √ 一款名为“ArtfulSign”的手语应用程序 2026·成都模拟 人与社会 —
　　At the ninth China Collegiate Computing Contest(中国高校计算机大赛), a sign language app named ArtfulSign won three awards.24._______(develop) by three hearing-impaired(听力受损) students, the app uses AI to help hearing-impaired people learn sign language.
The most notable feature of ArtfulSign is its use of AI models in sign language teaching.Each sign language word 25._______(demonstrate) through real-person videos.After learning, users can activate the camera,26._______ the app will recognize and assess the accuracy of their sign language.What’s more, ArtfulSign has designed the learning process in 27._______ form of answering questions and unlocking maps,28._______ not only adds fun but also better matches each user’s individual progress and level.
The CEO praised the team 29._______(public) after their victory.30._______ seeing his post, Zhao typed the phrase “breaking the fourth wall” on her phone to describe her feelings at the time.
“We hope that one day ArtfulSign 31._______(become) as common as accessible ramps(无障碍坡道),32._______(allow) both the hearing-impaired and hearing people to use sign language.Ultimately, there will be 33._______(few) barriers between us,” Zhao wrote.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在中国高校计算机大赛上获得三项大奖的一款名为“ArtfulSign”的手语应用程序。
24.【解析】Developed。考查非谓语动词。句意:该应用由三名听障学生开发,使用人工智能帮助有听力问题的人学习手语。空格处应该用非谓语动词作状语,动词develop与句子的主语the app之间是被动关系,所以应该用过去分词作状语。位于句首,首字母大写。故填Developed。
25.【解析】is demonstrated。考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:每个手语单词都通过真人视频演示。空格处是谓语动词,描述客观情况,用一般现在时,主语Each sign language word与动词demonstrate之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态;主语是单数形式,be动词用is。故填is demonstrated。
26.【解析】and。考查连词。句意:学习后,用户可以激活摄像头,应用程序将识别并评估他们的手语的准确性。空格前后的两个句子是并列关系,所以应该用连词and连接。故填and。
27.【解析】the。考查冠词。句意:更重要的是,ArtfulSign以回答问题和解锁地图的形式设计了学习过程,不仅增加了乐趣,也更好地匹配了每个用户的个人进度和水平。in the form of “以……的形式”是固定搭配。故填the。
28.【解析】which。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,对上文的内容进行补充说明,从句中缺少主语,所以应该用关系代词which代替上文的内容,在从句中作主语。故填which。
29.【解析】publicly。考查副词。句意:公司首席执行官在团队获胜后公开称赞了他们。空格处修饰谓语动词praised,作状语,应该用副词形式publicly。故填publicly。
30.【解析】On/Upon。考查介词。句意:看到他的帖子后,赵在手机上打出了“打破第四堵墙”来描述自己当时的感受。根据句意和空格后的动名词seeing可知,空格处应该填入一个介词,且意义为“就在……之后;一……就”,所以用介词on或upon。位于句首,首字母大写。故填On/Upon。
31.【解析】will become。考查时态。句意:赵写道:“我们希望有一天,ArtfulSign能像无障碍坡道一样普及,让听力受损者和听力正常者都能使用手语。最终,我们之间的隔阂将会更少。”空格处是that从句的谓语动词,根据句意和时间状语one day可知,此处表示对未来的希望,应该用一般将来时。故填will become。
32.【解析】allowing。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空格处应该用非谓语动词作状语,动词allow与上文的内容之间是主动关系,所以应该用现在分词allowing作状语。故填allowing。
33.【解析】fewer。考查形容词比较级。句意:最终,我们之间的隔阂将会更少。根据句意和空格后的名词barriers可知,空格处作定语,修饰后面的名词,且意义为“更少的”,所以用few的比较级形式fewer。故填fewer。(共44张PPT)
选择性必修 第四册
Unit 1　Science Fiction
Step 1　题源研读·入境体验
Step 3　跟踪评估·夯基提能
Step 2　核心考点·探究突破
Step 1　题源研读·入境体验
Traffic Lights Controlled by Artificial Intelligence
人工智能控制的红绿灯
　　Every driver loves sailing through a series of green lights without having to stop and wait at a traffic light.Now, thanks to artificial intelligence, German researchers have found a way to reduce time spent at intersections(十字路口).
Called the KI4LSA project and funded by the Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure, the innovation is being tested.Scientists first studied algorithms(算法)taken from a busy intersection to learn about traffic patterns and where improvements were most needed.There is a great necessity to speed up waiting times at intersections as conventional methods are inflexible, according to the Fraunhofer Institute.
The new AI method uses radar sensors and high-resolution cameras to interpret traffic patterns in real-time.They can determine the speed of traffic as well as waiting times and combine this with self-learning algorithms.
　　The intelligent lights are said to improve traffic flow by 10 to 15 percent, which results in money saved; the EU estimates that traffic jams create economic damage that adds up to 100 billion euros a year.Aside from reducing commuting time, these traffic lights will reduce noise and CO2 emissions from cars idling at intersections.
Testing will be done until the summer of 2022 in the German towns of Lemgo and Bielefeld, with researchers optimistic that it will be adopted by many countries.This technology is exciting news for pedestrians and drivers alike.It encourages safety, protects the environment, and may even give you more time to enjoy your morning coffee before heading off to work!
—http://www.goodnet.org
(同源高考:2019年北京高考完形填空选自本网站)
1.What is the function of AI in the KI4LSA project ( )
A.To provide real-time information about traffic.
B.To detect road conditions and noise pollution.
C.To control traffic lights and the speed of vehicles.
D.To remind people of traffic rules at intersections.
2.Which could be the best title for the text ( )
A.The Bright Future of AI Technology
B.The New Traffic Service for Senior Citizens
C.Digital Traffic System: A Start to Smart Cites
D.The Intelligent Lights: A Blessing for Transportation
【名师原创】
√
√
【长难句分析】
Scientists first studied algorithms taken from a busy intersection to learn
about traffic patterns and where improvements were most needed.
本句是一个主从复合句,主句是:Scientists first studied algorithms;
非谓语短语“taken from a busy intersection” 在句中作_____;不定式短语
“to learn about traffic patterns and where improvements were most needed”
在句中作_________;where引导_____从句。
定语
目的状语
宾语
Step 2　核心考点·探究突破
【重点单词】
1.guilty adj.内疚的;有罪的;有过失的
【语境速测】
①So many people could never go to school.They didn’t have the chance to
learn and get on in life.This worried me a lot and I felt very guilty ______(be)
a rich man without doing anything.
②After lying to my parents,I had a strong sense of _____(guilty).
③I felt guilty ___________ my conflict with my dear friend and I must
apologize to him.
④__________________________________,I gathered my courage to tell
her the horrible truth.
一种负罪感涌上心头,我鼓起勇气告诉她可怕的真相。
being
guilt
for/at/about
A feeling of guilt floating into my mind
(1)be guilty of　　 犯有……罪
be/feel guilty for/at/about...
对/为……感到内疚
(2)guilt n.内疚;悔恨;犯罪;罪行
out of guilt 出于愧疚
2.declare vt.表明;宣称;公布
【语境速测】
①Japan had hatched a plot to launch a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor,so
the attack began without warning and without __________(declare)war ____
the United States.
②The instant the ceremony _____________(declare)open,all the students in
our school burst into cheers.
③When the teacher __________________________ of the English Speech
Contest, I was surprised and pleased.
当老师宣布我是这次英语演讲比赛的获胜者时,我又惊又喜。
declaring
on
was declared
declared me to be the winner
(1)declare war on/against... 向……宣战
declare...to be/as... 宣布……是……
declare that... 宣告;宣称
(2)declaration n.公告;宣告
3.urge vt. 催促; 力劝; 大力推荐
n. 强烈的欲望; 冲动
【语境速测】
①As we become more and more dependent on computers,some scientists are
urging us ________(think)about the dangers posed by the advances in AI.
②Scientists and politicians have deeply recognized the _______(urge) need
to address climate change and take effective action to protect the planet for
generations to come.
to think
urgent
③父母应该敦促孩子们积极锻炼。
→Parents are supposed to urge that ___________________________________.
(宾语从句, work out)
→Parents are supposed to urge _________________________________.
(不定式, take exercise)
④__________________________________________ to keep fit and energetic.
坚决要求我们学生经常锻炼以保持身体健康和精力充沛。
their children(should) work out actively
their children to take exercise actively
It is urged that we students take regular exercise
(1)urge sb.to do sth. 催促某人做某事
urge that...(should) do sth.
极力主张……做某事
(2)have an urge to do sth.
渴望做某事
(3)urgent adj.紧急的;迫切的
urgency n.紧急;迫切
4.dismiss vt.让(某人)离开;解散;解雇;消除;不予考虑
【语境速测】
①Although his theory has been dismissed by scholars,it shows how powerful
the secrets of Ancient Maya civilisation are among people._________
②Mary was at the risk of being dismissed since she always chatted with
others during the working time. _____
③Dismissing her fears,she climbed higher. _____
④The thought of escape crossed my mind,but immediately I ___________
____________.
逃跑的念头在心头一闪,但我立刻打消了,认为这样做不现实。
不予考虑
解雇
消除
dismissed it
as unrealistic
(1)dismiss...from... 把……免职/开除/消除
dismiss...as... 将……视作……而不予考虑
(2)dismissal n.免职,解雇;不予考虑
【核心短语】
5.take over占上风; 取而代之; 接手; 接管
【语境速测】
①After ___________ the firm from his father,Tom _______ some more
advanced ideas and _______ some experienced and hard-working workers,
which suggested that his firm would ________ soon.Certainly,managing
the firm ________ almost all his time.However,Tom held the strong belief
that his firm would take on a new look in the near future.
②Technology is there to help us, so we shouldn’t allow it __________________.
科技是用来帮助我们的,因此我们不应该让它控制我们的生活。
taking over
took in
took on
take off
took up
to take over our life
take off 起飞;匆匆离去;脱下;大获成功
take on 呈现;雇用;承担
take in 吸收;接纳;理解;欺骗
take up 占用;占据;开始从事
take down 写下;取下;拆除
take apart 拆开
take away 拿走;带走;减去;使停止
take back 退回;收回
take to (doing) sth. 喜欢上(做)某事;养成做某事的习惯
6.turn out关掉; 熄灭; 在场;朝外;结果是
【语境速测】
①As it turned out, there was no need to be nervous because all my hard
work paid off and I played perfectly. ______________
②In Uganda, Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes.But that
was not all.He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out
to welcome him. _____
③Remember to turn out the lights when you go to bed. __________
④_______________ helping others realize their dreams gives me more pleasure.
事实证明,帮助别人实现他们的梦想让我更快乐。
证明是,结果是
在场
关掉,熄灭
It turns out that
turn out (+to be)+adj./n. 结果/原来……
It turns/turned out that... 结果/原来……
as it turns/turned out 事实证明;正如后来表明的;果不其然
7.fall away(逐渐)减少; 消失
【语境速测】
①(2024·浙江1月高考)However, while some of her classmates edged
ahead, others actually __________.
②When early autumn came, the leaves began to _______ the trees, and the
spring was covered with leaves.
③(牛津高阶词典)His supporters _________ as his popularity declined.
④The plan will _________ if there is not enough financial support.
fell behind
fall off
fell away
fall apart
fall apart　　　 精神崩溃;土崩瓦解
fall away 减少;降低
fall behind (sb./sth.) 落后;落在……后面
fall down 跌落;失败;倒塌
fall over sb./sth. 被……绊倒
fall off 从……上掉下来
【经典句型】
8.He seemed more like a human than a machine.(P2)
他看着不太像机器,而更像一个真人。
【语境速测】
①The experience was _____________(excite)than frightening,during which
my heart beat violently the whole time.
②At the sight of this,Sue screamed,not loudly,_________________________.
看到这一幕,苏尖叫了一声,声音并不大,更多的是惊讶而不是恐惧。
③He is ________________________ when it comes to solving problems.
在解决问题方面,与其说他聪明,不如说他更有智慧。
more exciting
more in surprise than terror
more intelligent than clever
(1)more...than...与其说……不如说……
(2)more than与数词连用,意为“超过;不止”,相当于over;
more than与名词连用,意为“不只是;不仅仅……”,相当于not only;
more than与形容词、副词连用,意为“非常,很”,相当于very。
9.As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern.(P2)
她转过身来,格拉迪斯·克拉芬站在那里。
【语境速测】
①___________________________________(山谷里传来美妙的歌声),
which impressed me a lot.
②____________________(地上坐着一个男孩) who was surrounded by
a pile of books.
③___________________(问题来了) you’re concerned about.
From the valley came the beautiful song
On the floor sat a boy
Here comes the issue
④_____________________________, saying the location where it was found and expressing his admiration for her contributions to the park protection.
他在徽章上附着一张纸条,上面写着发现它的地点,还表达了对她保护公园所作的贡献的赞赏。
⑤________________________________ where we exchanged gifts with our visiting exchange students.
随后是互动环节,我们与来访的交换生交换了礼物。
Attached to the badge was a note
Then followed an interactive session
(1)out、in、into、down、up、away、here、now、then、there等表示方位和时间的副词及表示地点的介词短语置于句首,且主语是名词时,句子用完全倒装;
(2)当作表语的介词短语、形容词、分词提到系动词前面时,句子要完全倒装,构成“介词短语/形容词/分词+系动词+主语”结构。
Step 3　跟踪评估·夯基提能
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)The innovative design requires little effort to achieve
a reliable _______(week) supply of fresh greens.
2.The __________(appoint)hour of the ceremony was drawing nearer.
3.(2024·全国甲卷)This training taught her to read and write her Chinese
upside down—a skill that has turned ____ to be quite practical, especially
whenever we share the newspaper.
4.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)People select digital texts _________(random).
weekly
appointed
out
randomly
5.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)However, for ____________(maximum)learning where
mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn’t assume all
media are the same, even when they contain identical words.
6.To us, the most likely explanation appears to be that the ______(base) lies
in their living with humans.
7.The _________(explode) was caused by a leaking gas pipe,which made
the boss explode _____ anger.
8.I feel ______ (guilt) for teasing the innocent child who fell over on the
_______ (mud) track.
maximizing
basis
explosion
with
guilty
muddy
Ⅱ.完成句子
【短语填空】
1.此刻那个年轻人正在测试他的新车。
The young man is __________ his new car at the moment.
2.我们有必要权衡把英语词汇纳入汉语词典的利弊。
It is necessary that we _____________________ of including English words
in Chinese dictionaries.
3.李萍,我最好的朋友,竟然在班会上宣布反对我的建议。
Li Ping,my best friend,should ______________ my advice at the class meeting.
testing out
weigh the pros and cons
declare against
【句式仿写】
4.Even though Tony had been in the next room,he managed to catch her in time.
仿写:即使我们会遇到困难,为实现理想而吃苦也是值得的。
It is worthwhile to suffer for our dreams,___________ we may meet difficulties.
5.It was at ten o’clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career.
仿写:昨晚,直到他的妻子回来,他才上床睡觉。
Last night,______ not until his wife came back _____ he went to bed.
even though
it was
that
Ⅲ.语篇填空
(黑体词是本单元核心词汇)
A household robot named Tony was going to 1._________ (test) out in a
family by Claire.Claire didn’t like the idea at the beginning, but she agreed to
it at last.At her first sight of Tony, Claire was 2.________ (alarm), for the robot
seemed more like a human 3._____ a machine, handsome with smooth hair and
a deep voice.When Tony offered to help her 4.________ (dress),Claire felt
embarrassed.Claire complained that she wasn’t clever so Tony showed
sympathy for her,which she thought was ridiculous.5.__________ (gradual),
be tested
alarmed
than
dressing
Gradually
Tony began to win Claire’s trust.As a favour,Tony helped Claire make herself
smarter and her home 6.____________ (elegant).In an expensive clothes shop,
when the saleswoman was rude to her,she 7._____ (ring) Tony up for help.Tony
made the woman change her attitude and Claire thanked Tony, 8._______ (say)
that he was a “dear”.However, the scene was discovered by Gladys Claffern,
so Claire felt 9.______ (guilt).Claire wept after arriving home and to comfort
her, Tony suggested she 10._____________ (invite) Gladys and her friends to
the house which would have been completely transformed by then.
more elegant
rang
saying
guilty
(should) invite
Ⅳ.单元话题写作|科学与技术
假设你是李华,某英语网站正在征集以“Changes caused by technology”为主题的文章,请你用英文写一篇征文讲述科技为我们的生活带来了哪些变化。
【连词成句】
1.科技在不断地改变着我们的生活。
Technology ____________________ our life.
2.在日常生活中,我们从科技所带来的变化中受益匪浅。
We’re benefiting a lot from the changes caused by _____________________
_______.
3.科技创新缩短了人与人之间的距离。
Scientific and technological innovation _________________________________.
is constantly changing
technology in our daily
routine
shortens the distance between people
4.我们可以用智能手机和互联网很容易地与家人朋友保持联系。
We can use smart phones and the Internet _______________________
______________________.
5.人工智能可以自动为我们做很多事,使得我们的生活更方便和舒适。
Artificial intelligence can do a lot for us automatically, ________________
______________________________________.
to keep in touch with our
family and friends easily
which makes our
life more convenient and more comfortable
6.作为学生,我们可以通过互联网搜索相关的信息和资源,这使得我们的
学习更有效。
As students, we can _________________________________________
through the Internet, ____________________________.
7.现代科技已经给我们的生活带来了很多益处。我相信将来它会继续
改善我们的生活。
Modern technology has brought many benefits to our life. I believe that
______________________________________.
search for relevant information and resources
it will keep improving our life in the future
making our study more efficient
【连句成篇】
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
　　Technology is constantly changing our life.We’re benefiting a lot from the changes caused by technology in our daily routine.
To begin with, scientific and technological innovation shortens the distance between people.We can use smart phones and the Internet to keep in touch with our family and friends easily.Besides, artificial intelligence can do a lot for us automatically, which makes our life more convenient and more comfortable.What’s more, as students, we can search for relevant information and resources through the Internet, making our study more efficient.
All in all, modern technology has brought many benefits to our life.Hence, I believe that it will keep improving our life in the future.

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