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2026年高考英语阅读理解题2
（满分62.5分，考试时间45分钟）
题号 Passage 1 Passage 2 Passage 3 Passage 4 Passage 5 总分
得分
阅读理解（共25小题；每小题2.5分，满分62.5分）
阅读下列短 , 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Passage 1
话题 难度 词数 建议用时（分钟）
AI与动物交流 ★★★ 420 6
For centuries, humans have wondered what animals are saying to one another. Now, advances in artificial intelligence are bringing us closer than ever to understanding the complex communication systems of other species.
A research project called the “AI Colony” is using machine learning to decode the vocalizations of birds, bats, whales, and even insects. By analyzing thousands of hours of recorded animal sounds, AI systems are beginning to identify patterns that human researchers might never have noticed.
The potential applications are remarkable. By understanding what distress calls（紧急求救信号）sound like, conservationists (环境保护主义者) might better protect endangered species. By decoding mating calls (求偶叫声), researchers could monitor population health without invasive tracking. Some scientists even speculate (推测) that two-way communication with animals might one day become possible.
Recent breakthroughs have been particularly striking in the study of bats. Using AI analysis of bat vocalizations, researchers discovered that bats have distinct individual “voices” and can recognize each other even in large colonies. More surprisingly, the AI detected that bat calls contain what appear to be arguments, perhaps about food or roosting (栖息) space.
However, the project raises challenging questions. Is there an ethical boundary (伦理边界) we should not cross If we can understand what animals are saying, should we intervene in their natural interactions As one ethicist involved in the project noted, “Just because we can understand doesn’t necessarily mean we should interfere.”
The technology also has limitations. AI systems require massive amounts of training data, and for many species, such data simply doesn’t exist. Moreover, animal communication may involve elements beyond sound — body language, scent, or even bioelectric fields (生物电场) — that current systems cannot capture.
Despite these challenges, the AI Colony represents a revolutionary step toward bridging the gap between humans and other species. As one researcher put it, “We may be entering an era where we can finally ask the animals: what is it like to be you ”
1. What is the main idea of this passage
A. AI has already enabled humans to have conversations with animals.
B. Bats are the only animals whose communication can be studied by AI.
C. Animal communication is too complex for any technology to understand.
D. AI technology is being used to help humans understand animal communication.
2. What did AI analysis reveal about bat communication according to the passage
A. Bats do not communicate with each other at all.
B. All bats produce identical vocalizations without variation.
C. Bats have distinct individual voices and may engage in arguments.
D. Bat vocalizations contain no meaningful information.
3. The phrase “two-way communication” in paragraph 3 most likely refers to:
A. Communication between two different animal species.
B. Communication that goes both directions, from human to animal and back.
C. Communication that uses two different methods simultaneously.
D. Communication between two AI systems.
4. What ethical concern is raised regarding this technology
A. The potential for invading animals’ privacy and interfering with their natural interactions.
B. The high cost of the AI systems.
C. The difficulty of recording animal sounds in the wild.
D. The lack of interest from researchers.
5. What is a limitation of the AI system mentioned in the passage
A. It can only be used on land animals.
B. It requires more electricity than most research facilities can provide.
C. It needs large amounts of training data that may not exist for many species.
D. It cannot analyze sound recordings.
Passage 2
话题 难度 词数 建议用时（分钟）
AI创造的新职业 ★★★★ 420 7
For years, headlines (新闻头条) have warned of artificial intelligence eliminating millions of jobs. But a growing chorus (一群) of economists and technology experts argues that while AI will certainly disrupt the labor market, it will also create entirely new categories of work — roles that we cannot yet imagine, just as the internet spawned (催生) jobs like social media manager and app developer that did not exist a generation ago.
According to a recent report from the World Economic Forum, AI is expected to create 97 million new jobs globally by 2030, even as it displaces 85 million existing ones. The net gain, experts emphasize, depends on how effectively workers and educational systems adapt to the changing landscape (形势).
Among the emerging job categories identified by researchers are “AI ethicists” — professionals who ensure that AI systems make fair and unbiased (无偏见的) decisions. As AI increasingly influences hiring, lending, and criminal justice, the demand for experts who can audit algorithms for bias is growing rapidly. Major tech companies and government agencies are already hiring for these positions.
Another promising field is “human-AI interaction designer.” Unlike traditional user interface designers who focus on screens and clicks, these professionals will design how humans and AI systems collaborate (协作). When should an AI make an autonomous decision, and when should it defer (听从) to a human These interaction designers will answer such questions.
“Prompt engineers” — specialists who craft the precise instructions that get the best results from AI systems — have already emerged as a lucrative (利润丰厚的) field, with some commanding six-figure salaries. And as AI systems become more integrated into healthcare, “AI-assisted medical diagnosticians (诊断专家)” will work alongside doctors, combining AI’s pattern recognition capabilities with human clinical judgment (临床判断).
“We need to stop thinking of AI as purely a job destroyer,” said one labor economist. “The real challenge is ensuring that workers have the skills to fill these new roles. That requires rethinking how we educate and train people for the workforce.”
6. According to the World Economic Forum report, what is the predicted net effect of AI on jobs by 2030
A. AI will destroy 85 million jobs with no new jobs created.
B. The number of jobs will remain exactly the same.
C. AI will create 97 million new jobs and displace 85 million, resulting in a net gain of 12 million.
D. AI will eliminate all existing jobs.
7. What is the main responsibility of an “AI ethicist” as described in the passage
A. Writing computer code for AI systems.
B. Ensuring AI systems make fair, unbiased decisions and auditing algorithms for bias.
C. Designing the physical appearance of AI robots.
D. Selling AI products to businesses.
8. How does a “human-AI interaction designer” differ from a traditional user interface designer
A. Human-AI interaction designers focus on screens and clicks, while traditional UI designers focus on algorithms.
B. Traditional UI designers work only with hardware, while human-AI interaction designers work only with software.
C. Human-AI interaction designers focus on how humans and AI collaborate and when AI should make autonomous decisions.
D. There is no difference between the two roles.
9. What does the author imply about the jobs that AI will create
A. They represent entirely new categories of work that did not previously exist.
B. They are all low-paying and undesirable.
C. They have been common for decades.
D. They can be filled by workers without any additional education or training.
10. The passage suggests that the most important factor in determining whether AI brings a net gain in employment is:
A. How fast AI technology develops.
B. How much companies pay for AI systems.
C. Which country adopts AI first.
D. How effectively workers and educational systems adapt to the changing landscape.
Passage 3
话题 难度 词数 建议用时（分钟）
欧洲电网与AI ★★★★ 430 8
European leaders gathered in Brussels this month to confront (面对) an urgent problem: the continent’s aging electricity grid is not prepared for the explosive growth of artificial intelligence. As tech companies rush to build massive data centers across Europe, they are finding that the power they require often isn’t available.
The situation is most acute (严重的) in Ireland, where data centers already consume more than 20 percent of the nation’s electricity. State-owned utility (公用事业公司) EirGrid has announced that it will no longer connect new data centers to the grid in the Dublin area until at least 2028 due to capacity constraints. Similar moratoriums are being considered in the Netherlands, Germany, and parts of the United Kingdom.
The root of the problem lies in a combination of factors. First, AI data centers are incredibly power-hungry — a single large facility can use as much electricity as a medium-sized city. Second, Europe’s grid infrastructure was designed decades ago, long before anyone anticipated this level of demand. Many critical grid components, including transformers and high-voltage lines, have waiting lists of three to five years for new orders.
Compounding these challenges are Europe’s ambitious climate goals. Transitioning away from fossil fuels means adding more renewable energy sources like wind and solar, which require extensive grid upgrades to handle their variable output. Now, AI is adding an entirely new source of demand that planners hadn’t accounted for.
Tech companies are scrambling to respond. Some are locating new data centers in colder Nordic (北欧的) countries, where abundant hydropower (丰富的水电) and naturally cool air reduce cooling costs. Others are investing in on-site power generation (现场发电), including solar panels and natural gas turbines. A few are even exploring the possibility of building small modular nuclear reactors (模块化核反应堆) dedicated to powering data centers.
European officials acknowledge there are no easy solutions. Upgrading the grid will take years and billions of euros in investment. Meanwhile, the competition for limited power capacity is intensifying. As one energy analyst put it, “We’re entering an era where access to electricity may become as strategic a resource as access to the internet itself.”
11. What problem does this passage primarily discuss
A. The high cost of building AI data centers.
B. There is a shortage of skilled AI engineers in Europe.
C. European countries cannot agree on AI regulations.
D. Europe’s electricity grid is not prepared for the increasing power demands of AI.
12. According to the passage, what action has Ireland taken in response to the AI power demand
A. It has announced more incentives for data center construction.
B. It will no longer connect new data centers in the Dublin area to the grid until at least 2028.
C. It has shut down all existing data centers.
D. It has built a new nuclear power plant specifically for data centers.
13. What does the phrase “moratoriums” in paragraph 2 most likely mean
A. Temporary bans or suspensions. B. Financial incentives.
C. Construction projects. D. Energy efficiency standards.
14. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way tech companies are addressing the power shortage
A. Locating data centers in colder Nordic countries. B. Investing in on-site power generation.
C. Moving data centers to the United States. D. Exploring small modular nuclear reactors.
15. What does the energy analyst’s comment in the last paragraph imply
A. Access to electricity may become as strategically important as internet access.
B. Electricity will become less important in the future.
C. The problem will solve itself without any action.
D. AI companies should stop expanding.
Passage 4
话题 难度 词数 建议用时（分钟）
量子芯片 ★★★★★ 440 9
On July 17, 2025, an international research team announced a breakthrough that could accelerate the arrival of practical quantum computers (实用量子计算机). The team, from Boston University, the University of California, Berkeley, and Northwestern University, successfully developed the world’s first “electro-photo-quantum” integrated chip system, reported in Nature Electronics.
This achievement marks the first time that quantum light sources and stable control electronic circuits have been integrated on a single chip using a standard 45-nanometer semiconductor manufacturing process. The significance of this advance lies in its compatibility with existing chip-making technology, potentially enabling mass production of quantum chips using current factories.
Just as traditional electronic chips rely on electric current to process information, and optical (光学的) communication systems use lasers to transmit data, future photonic quantum technologies require a stable source of “quantum light” — individual particles of light called photons (光子) whose quantum properties (量子特性) can be used for computation, communication, or sensing. The team built an array (阵列) of “quantum light factories” on a silicon chip, each only about 1 square millimeter in size yet capable of stably generating pairs of correlated (关联的) photons — the fundamental resource for quantum information applications.
A key challenge was maintaining quantum optical performance while staying within the strict design specifications of commercial CMOS manufacturing platforms. The team had to co-design (共同设计) electronics and quantum optics as a unified system from the outset, rather than attempting to combine separate components after they were built.
The chip features a built-in feedback stabilization mechanism (反馈稳定机制) that can effectively manage disturbances caused by temperature variations and manufacturing errors — a critical capability for practical applications outside carefully controlled laboratory conditions.
While quantum computers capable of breaking current encryption (加密) remain years away, this chip represents a crucial step from laboratory curiosities toward manufacturable quantum devices. The ability to produce quantum light sources using standard semiconductor processes means that, for the first time, quantum components could be made in the same factories that produce today’s computer chips.
16. What makes the new quantum chip particularly significant according to the passage
A. It is the most powerful quantum computer ever built.
B. It uses a standard semiconductor manufacturing process, enabling potential mass production.
C. It costs almost nothing to produce.
D. It can be operated without any external power source.
17. The phrase “quantum light factories” in paragraph 3 refers to:
A. Factories that produce traditional light bulbs.
B. Laser manufacturing facilities.
C. Physical factories that assemble quantum computers.
D. Tiny components on the chip that generate pairs of correlated photons.
18. What challenge did the research team need to overcome when developing the chip
A. They had to design electronics and quantum optics together as a unified system while staying within commercial manufacturing specifications.
B. They could not find enough funding for the project.
C. The chip was too large to be practical.
D. Quantum light sources cannot be generated at room temperature.
19. Why is the built-in feedback stabilization mechanism important
A. It displays the chip’s status with lights.
B. It makes the chip look so attractive that stable photons can be produced to change temperature and correct manufacturing errors.
C. It charges the chip’s internal battery.
D. It manages disturbances from temperature variation and manufacturing errors, essential for real-world applications.
20. What does the author imply about the timeline for practical quantum computers
A. They are already widely available.
B. They may still be years away from being able to break current encryption.
C. They will never be built.
D. They will become available next month.
Passage 5
话题 难度 词数 建议用时（分钟）
环境保护与科技创新 ★★★★★ 410 9
Nanoplastics (纳米塑料) — plastic fragments smaller than 1 micrometer — are even more difficult to remove from water than their larger microplastic counterparts. Their minuscule (极小的) size allows them to evade standard filtration methods, and their persistence in the environment poses growing concerns for both ecosystems and human health.
Researchers at Leibniz University Hannover in Germany have now developed an innovative solution inspired by an unexpected source: jellyfish mucus (水母黏液). The team, led by polymers and biomaterials expert Marie Weinhart, created a temperature-responsive gel (凝胶) that captures nanoplastics from water and releases them on demand with a simple temperature switch.
The gel mimics the chemistry of jellyfish mucus, which contains high-molecular-weight (高分子量的) mucin proteins (黏蛋白). These proteins are amphiphilic, meaning they possess both water-attracting (hydrophilic) and water-repelling (hydrophobic) regions. This unique structure allows them to form three-dimensional networks. Nanoplastics, which themselves are hydrophobic, are attracted to the network’s components through electrostatic (静电的) and hydrophobic forces. Meanwhile, the pores (孔) of the 3D network are precisely sized to trap the plastic particles.
Rather than harvesting mucus from jellyfish — a practice with both compositional variability and ethical concerns — the researchers created a synthetic (合成的) version. They combined hydrophilic monomers (单体) with hydrophobic monomers to produce a large amphiphilic copolymer (共聚物). In water, this copolymer self-assembles into spherical micelles (球形胶束) with hydrophobic cores and hydrophilic shells.
Laboratory tests yielded promising results. When the researchers added the synthetic material to water containing polystyrene (聚苯乙烯) nanoparticles and heated the mixture, the polymer gelled (凝胶化) and captured between 68 and 100 percent of the particles within 90 minutes. The gel then settled as a clump at the bottom of the container, allowing for easy removal. Remarkably, cooling the gel weakens the interactions between the polymer and the plastics; a brief spin in a centrifuge (离心机) releases the captured nanoplastics, leaving the gel clean and ready for reuse.
Weinhart’s team now plans to produce the gel using bio-based polymers (生物基聚合物). She envisions the material being applied as surface coatings for pipes in wastewater treatment plants. While still in the research phase, the jellyfish-inspired gel offers a promising, sustainable approach to tackling one of the most challenging forms of plastic pollution.
21. According to the passage, why are nanoplastics more difficult to remove from water than microplastics
A. They are chemically different from microplastics.
B. Their extremely small size allows them to escape standard filtration.
C. They clump together naturally, making filtration unnecessary.
D. They dissolve completely in water.
22. Where did the researchers get the inspiration for their gel design
A. From industrial wastewater treatment plants.
B. From the chemical structure of polystyrene.
C. From temperature-responsive materials used in medicine.
D. From the mucus produced by jellyfish.
23. What does the underlined word “amphiphilic” in paragraph 3 most likely mean
A. Having both water-attracting and water-repelling properties.
B. Being completely unable to interact with water molecules.
C. Containing both living and non-living components.
D. Having the ability to change shapes in response to heat.
24. What can be inferred about the future applications of this gel technology
A. It has already been widely adopted in water treatment facilities worldwide.
B. The technology will remain in the laboratory because it is too expensive.
C. Researchers aim to apply it as coatings on pipes in wastewater treatment plants.
D. It will only be used to analyze plastic types in drinking water.
25. Which of the following statements about the synthetic gel is TRUE according to the passage
A. It requires a complicated electrical setup to function properly.
B. It can be reused after the captured nanoplastics are removed.
C. It only works on microplastics, not on nanoplastics.
D. It is made from natural jellyfish mucus harvested from oceans.
答案
Passage 1
题号 答案
1 D
2 C
3 B
4 A
5 C
Passage 2
题号 答案
6 C
7 B
8 C
9 A
10 D
Passage 3
题号 答案
11 D
12 B
13 A
14 C
15 A
Passage 4
题号 答案
16 B
17 D
18 A
19 D
20 B
Passage 5
题号 答案
21 B
22 D
23 A
24 C
25 B

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