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专题一　词形变换的艺术:名词、形容词与副词
第1讲　名词
Step 1　语法精讲·先测后悟巩固提升
一、可数名词
【自我检测】
1.What you wear can inform passers-by (passer-by) of your type of employment, as well as your ambitions, emotions and spending habits.
2.At the event, six scenic counties were highlighted, offering a diverse range of natural wonders (wonder) in the region, such as snow-capped mountains, vast grasslands, deserts, lakes and glaciers.
3.Like most stories(story) associated with Dragon Well tea, the origin of the Dragon Well Tea Shrimp relates to the Qianlong Emperor of the Qing Dynasty.
【要点集结】
考点1 可数名词变复数的规则变化
　　可数名词变复数形式时,一般在名词后面加-s或-es。变化形式如下表:
构成方法 例词
一般在词尾加-s map→maps, sea→seas girl→girls, day→days
以-s、-x、-ch、-sh结尾的名词后加-es(stomach除外) class→classes, box→boxes,watch→watches, dish→dishes
以辅音字母+-y结尾的名词 变-y为-i, 再加-es country→countries factory→factories
续表
构成方法 例词
以元音字母+ -y结尾的名词 在词尾直接加-s holiday→holidays monkey→monkeys
以-o结尾的名词 一般在词尾加-s piano→pianos photo→photos
有些在词尾加-es hero→heroes potato→potatoes
以-f或-fe 结尾的名词 变-f或-fe 为-v, 再加-es leaf→leaves, knife→knives, wife→wives, wolf→wolves
直接加-s belief→beliefs, chief→chiefs, proof→proofs, roof→roofs, safe→safes
考点2 可数名词变复数的不规则变化
　　可数名词变复数的不规则变化的形式如下表:
构成方法 例词
增加字母 child→children, ox→oxen
改变名词中的元音字母或变为其他形式 man→men, woman→women, foot→feet, goose→geese, mouse→mice
单复数同形 sheep,deer, series, means, fish
续表
构成方法 例词
表示“某 国人”的 名词 加-s American→Americans, German→Germans
单复数同形 Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese
以-man或-woman结尾的, 将-man和-woman分别改为-men、-women Englishman →Englishmen
【即时巩固】
1.You might also notice some distinct differences in meal preparation and cooking techniques (technique), which you may ignore when dining out or ordering takeout from Chinese restaurants back home.
2.(2026·豫东豫北模拟)The Chinese telegraph code is used to change Chinese characters(character) into four-digit(四位数) codes and then those digits are sent through standard Morse code.
3.(2026·四川模拟)Nowadays, Liuchi Alley, one of the most famous attractions(attraction)in Tongcheng, stands as a model of harmonious and respectful neighbor relations in China.
4.While the area is famous around the world for Shaolin Kung Fu, it is also becoming known for other cultural aspects(aspect) including Chan Wu Yi, which combines Zen meditation, kung fu and traditional Chinese medicine, and has been promoted by Master Shi Dejian for 30 years.
二、不可数名词
【自我检测】
1.His shop has gained popularity (popular) among visitors.
2.The Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo, once struggling to sustain its survival(survive), has undergone a remarkable turnaround.
3.He witnessed this historic moment and shared in the happiness (happy) of the Chinese people.
【要点集结】
考点1 不可数名词
1.不可数名词没有复数形式, 也不可以与不定冠词连用。最常见的不可数名词有: fun、 baggage、 change(零钱)、 furniture、 hair、 homework、 information、 knowledge、 luggage、 money、 news、 progress、 traffic 等。
2.不可数名词的量有两种表示方法:
(1)用some、 much、 a little、 a lot of、 a bit of、 plenty of 等表示多少。
注意: 既可以与可数名词复数, 又可以与不可数名词连用的有: plenty of、 some、 a lot of、 lots of、 most of等。
(2)用单位词表示, 即a...of。
如:a cup of tea、 a piece of paper。
考点2 不可数名词与可数名词的转化
1.有些物质名词表示不同种类时可以转化为可数名词。如:
※The potato is a vegetable, not a fruit.
土豆是一种蔬菜, 不是水果。
※My doctor told me to avoid fatty foods such as bacon or hamburgers. 我的医生叫我避免吃高脂肪的食物, 如培根或汉堡包。
2.特殊物质名词的数量表示: 当要表示“一场/段/件/种……”等意思时, 某些物质名词前可用不定冠词, 但此时通常有形容词或of短语修饰。如:
※A heavy snow was falling.
当时正下着一场大雪。
※A fine rain began to fall.
开始下起一阵小雨。
另外, 表示“一杯/罐/瓶”的tea、 coffee、 drink、 beer等, 可以用a(n)或数词修饰, 也有复数形式。如:
※Two teas and a coffee, please.
请来两杯茶和一杯咖啡。
※I ordered two coffees and an ice-cream.
我点了两杯咖啡和一份冰淇淋。
3.有些名词既是可数名词又是不可数名词, 但意思不同。如: work工作, a work一部著作; glass玻璃, a glass一个玻璃杯; wood木头, a wood一片树林; room空间, a room一间房间; paper纸, a paper 一份试卷(文件、 报纸等)等。
考点3 抽象名词具体化
1.表示情感、情绪的词, 强调具体的人或事时常将其具体化使用。常用的重点抽象名词可概括为如下11个字: 惊(surprise)、乐(pleasure)、幸(honour)、憾(pity)、傲(pride)、慰(comfort)、险(danger)、助(help)、成(success)、败(failure)、美(beauty)。例如:
※The new method has finally proved to be a success. 新方法最终证明是成功的。
2.表示“一次”“一场”“一段”等“一……”的概念, 常与动词连用构成短语, 名词前常有形容词修饰。如: have a good time、 have a wonderful supper、 have a good knowledge/understanding of、 have a population of、 cover an area of、 reach a height of等。
【即时巩固】
1.(2026·衡水模拟)When Huang was a teenager, zanhua became an inspiration(inspire) and provided a career for Huang.
2.(2026·豫东豫北十校模拟)The first working telegraph was produced in 1836.This made it possible to send messages over any distance(distant).
3.(2026·陕西模拟)“The uniqueness(unique) and inclusiveness of lion dance have allowed us to build a family here,” her lion dance master said.
4.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷) Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction (interact) by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.
5.(2023·全国乙卷) Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity (create), focus and memory.
三、名词所有格
【自我检测】
1.Second, they should provide related supporting services to enhance tourists’ (tourist) experience.
2.In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s (people) digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
3.In the last five years,Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents,and in 2016,he reached the top of Kilimanjaro,Africa’s (Africa) highest mountain.
【要点集结】
考点1 常规所有格
1.表示有生命名词的所有格时, 在词尾加“’s”。如:the boy’s bag、 men’s rooms。
2.若名词已有复数词尾-s, 只加“’”。如:the teachers’ reading room。
3.表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家、城市等无生命名词的所有格也可在词尾加“’s”来表示所属关系, 意为“……的”。如:a ten minutes’ walk、 a twenty miles’ journey、 two tons’ weight、 fifty dollars’ worth。
考点2 并列所有格
1.如果两个名词并列, 且分别加“’s”, 则表示“分别有……”。
2.若只有后一个名词加“’s”, 则表示两个“共有”。如:John’s and Mary’s rooms (两间); John and Mary’s room (一间)。
考点3 of属格
　　无生命名词的所有格用of结构。如:a map of China、 the end of this term、 the capital of our country、 the colour of the flowers。
考点4 省略格
　　在表示店铺、教堂、诊所的名称或某人的家时, 名词所有格的后面常省略它所修饰的名词。如:at the doctor’s在诊所; at my sister’s在我姐姐(妹妹)的家。
考点5 双重所有格
　　of+名词“’s”结构。如:a friend of my brother’s, works of Mo Yan’s。
考点6 名词所有格用法口诀
名词所有格, 表物是“谁的”,
若为生命词, 加’s 即可行,
词尾有-s, 仅把’加;
并列名词后, 各自和共有,
前者分别加, 后者最后加;
若为无生命词, of所有格,
前后须倒置, 此是硬规则。
【点津】如果是无生命的名词则用of表示所有格, 这里需要注意它们的顺序与汉语不同, “A of B”要翻译为“B的A”。
【即时巩固】
1.These poems describe not only the historical changes of a dynasty, but also people’s (people) understanding of the world.
2.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) You’ll hear these participants’ (participant) stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.
3.(2023·全国甲卷) A day’s (day) work was rewarded with ￡5 in pocket money.
4.(2023·全国乙卷) It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain’s (Britain) consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way.
5.The world’s(world) population is increasing at a surprising rate and our environment is facing great pressure.
6.This switch has decreased pollution in the country’s(country) major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
解题小贴士 语法填空题名词考法
1.根据语境标志词判断名词
(1)看到冠词、形容词或形容词性物主代词时, 要想到名词。
(2)遇到介词或及物动词时,要想到名词。
(3)看到并列连词所连接的前或后是名词时,要想到名词。
2.根据规则确定名词单复数
(1)如果空格处被these、 several、 many和大于1的数词等修饰时, 要考虑用名词的复数形式。
(2)如果一般现在时的谓语动词是动词原形或are, 要考虑用名词的复数形式。
(3)在平时学习中要熟记名词单数变复数的规则, 方能解决好此类问题。
【链接写作】
某些名词与with搭配使用相当于副词。例如:with happiness、with joy、with satisfaction、with kindness。
一句多译:
我们焦急地等待她平安到达的消息。
We waited anxiously for the news of her safe arrival.
→We waited with anxiety for the news of her safe arrival.
Step 2　语法精练·体验高考素养落实
Ⅰ.高考单句语法填空
1.(2025·全国Ⅱ卷) The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the absence(absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky afternoons(afternoon) with lots of fresh air.
2.(2025·浙江1月高考)As people now choose to wear more clothes fewer times(time), clothing rental services have become increasingly popular.
3.(2025·浙江1月高考)Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women to rent rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive solution(solve) to one-time event dressing.
4.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷) These plants included modern Western favourites (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel.
5.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷) The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route that brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness (rich) of gardening in England.
6.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷) The latest engineering (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful.
7.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷) Since June 2017, right before the arrival (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English.
8.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷) They also need to be ready to give interviews (interview) in English with international journalists.
9.(2023·全国甲卷) The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life.However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty warning (warn) about environmental destruction.
10.(2023·全国乙卷) But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place that welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
11.(2023·浙江1月高考) Thanks to Beijing’s long history as capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic events (event).
12.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations (population) and homes of giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
13.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) “He saved my son’s (son) life,” said Mrs Brown.“I don’t know how to thank him.”
14.(2022·全国甲卷) Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental protection (protect).
15.(2022·全国乙卷) China has a responsibility (responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.
16.(2022·浙江高考)John Olson, a former photographer (photograph) and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models.
17.(2022·浙江高考) For Luc, this means independence (independent).
18.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we humans (human) are.
Ⅱ.语篇语法填空
　　From the first day I arrived in Kunming, I had my 1._______ (understand) of China changed.Far from being narrow-minded and hostile to 2._______ (foreign), people came up to talk to me the first time I went out on the street.It happened to be all in Chinese, so I didn’t understand much, but it did cause me to rethink my 3._______ (assume).
As my Chinese improved, this continued throughout my stay, from my landlord introducing me to people who could help me learn 4._______ (China) to getting to know the couple who ran a noodle restaurant nearby.
If you’re interested in other people, their culture, and their language, they’ll be 5._______ (friend) to you.China isn’t an 6._______ (except).Don’t judge a country by its 7._______ (medium) coverage, especially some media, which have much prejudice.
I saw a very different kind of China with my own eyes.Kunming, where I lived for most of my stay, wasn’t much polluted.I had frank 8._______ (conversation) with Chinese people about almost everything.Still China is developing, but the economic 9._______ (grow) means that most people have seen their living 10._______ (standard) improve rapidly in the last 20 years.People I spoke with were generally optimistic about the future.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者来到昆明后真切地认识和感受到中国的发展并真实地了解了中国。
1.【解析】understanding。考查名词。句意:从我来到昆明的第一天起,我对中国的理解就发生了变化。故填understanding。
2.【解析】foreigners。考查名词。句意:当我第一次走到街上的时候,人们非但没有对外国人有偏见和敌意,反而走过来和我说话。介词to后接名词且句中无限定词,所以用名词的复数形式。故填foreigners。
3.【解析】assumptions。考查名词。句意:我理解的不是很多,但这确实让我重新思考了我的假设。此空宜填名词的复数,assume的名词是assumption,故填assumptions。
4.【解析】Chinese。考查名词。句意:随着我汉语水平的提高,这种情况一直持续到我入住期间,从房东向我介绍可以帮助我学习汉语的人,到结识在附近经营一家面馆的一对夫妇。此处为学习汉语,故填Chinese。
5.【解析】friendly。考查形容词。固定短语be friendly to sb.对某人友好,be动词后接形容词。故填friendly。
6.【解析】exception。考查名词。空前是不定冠词,空处填名词,except的名词是exception。故填exception。
7.【解析】media。考查名词。“媒体”应该是有各种媒体,故填复数。medium的复数是media。故填media。
8.【解析】conversations。考查名词。句意:我和中国人坦诚地交谈了几乎所有的事情。对话应该有很多,故填conversations。
9.【解析】growth。考查名词。句意:中国仍在发展,但是经济增长意味着大多数人的生活水平在过去20年里迅速提高。形容词economic后接名词。growth是不可数名词,故填growth。
10.【解析】standards。考查名词。生活水平即living standards,名词用复数。故填standards。
- 1 -(共47张PPT)
名词
Step 1　语法精讲·先测后悟巩固提升
一、可数名词
【自我检测】
1.What you wear can inform ___________(passer-by) of your type of
employment, as well as your ambitions, emotions and spending habits.
2.At the event, six scenic counties were highlighted, offering a diverse range
of natural _________(wonder) in the region, such as snow-capped mountains,
vast grasslands, deserts, lakes and glaciers.
3.Like most _______(story) associated with Dragon Well tea, the origin of the
Dragon Well Tea Shrimp relates to the Qianlong Emperor of the Qing Dynasty.
passers-by
wonders
stories
【要点集结】
考点1 可数名词变复数的规则变化
　　可数名词变复数形式时,一般在名词后面加-s或-es。变化形式如下表:
构成方法 例词
一般在词尾加-s map→maps, sea→seas
girl→girls, day→days
以-s、-x、-ch、-sh结尾的名词后加-es(stomach除外) class→classes, box→boxes,watch→watches, dish→dishes
以辅音字母+-y结尾的名词 变-y为-i, 再加-es country→countries
factory→factories
构成方法 例词
以元音字母+ -y结尾的名词 在词尾直接加-s holiday→holidays
monkey→monkeys
以-o结尾的名词 一般在词尾加-s piano→pianos
photo→photos
有些在词尾加-es hero→heroes
potato→potatoes
构成方法 例词
以-f或-fe 结尾的名词 变-f或-fe 为-v, 再加-es leaf→leaves, knife→knives, wife→wives, wolf→wolves
直接加-s belief→beliefs, chief→chiefs, proof→proofs, roof→roofs, safe→safes
考点2 可数名词变复数的不规则变化
　　可数名词变复数的不规则变化的形式如下表:
构成方法 例词
增加字母 child→children,
ox→oxen
改变名词中的元音字母或变为其他形式 man→men, woman→women, foot→feet, goose→geese, mouse→mice
单复数同形 sheep,deer, series, means, fish
构成方法 例词
表示“某 国人”的 名词 加-s American→Americans,
German→Germans
单复数同形 Portuguese, Chinese,
Japanese
以-man或-woman结尾的, 将-man和-woman分别改为-men、-women Englishman
→Englishmen
【即时巩固】
1.You might also notice some distinct differences in meal preparation and
cooking ___________(technique), which you may ignore when dining out or
ordering takeout from Chinese restaurants back home.
2.(2026·豫东豫北模拟)The Chinese telegraph code is used to change Chinese
__________(character) into four-digit(四位数) codes and then those digits are
sent through standard Morse code.
techniques
characters
3.(2026·四川模拟)Nowadays, Liuchi Alley, one of the most famous
__________(attraction)in Tongcheng, stands as a model of harmonious
and respectful neighbor relations in China.
4.While the area is famous around the world for Shaolin Kung Fu, it is also
becoming known for other cultural _______(aspect) including Chan Wu Yi,
which combines Zen meditation, kung fu and traditional Chinese medicine,
and has been promoted by Master Shi Dejian for 30 years.
attractions
aspects
二、不可数名词
【自我检测】
1.His shop has gained ___________(popular) among visitors.
2.The Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo, once struggling to sustain its
________(survive), has undergone a remarkable turnaround.
3.He witnessed this historic moment and shared in the __________(happy)
of the Chinese people.
popularity
survival
happiness
【要点集结】
考点1 不可数名词
1.不可数名词没有复数形式, 也不可以与不定冠词连用。最常见的不可数名词有: fun、 baggage、 change(零钱)、 furniture、 hair、 homework、 information、 knowledge、 luggage、 money、 news、 progress、 traffic 等。
2.不可数名词的量有两种表示方法:
(1)用some、 much、 a little、 a lot of、 a bit of、 plenty of 等表示多少。
注意: 既可以与可数名词复数, 又可以与不可数名词连用的有: plenty of、 some、 a lot of、 lots of、 most of等。
(2)用单位词表示, 即a...of。
如:a cup of tea、 a piece of paper。
考点2 不可数名词与可数名词的转化
1.有些物质名词表示不同种类时可以转化为可数名词。如:
※The potato is a vegetable, not a fruit.
土豆是一种蔬菜, 不是水果。
※My doctor told me to avoid fatty foods such as bacon or hamburgers. 我的医生叫我避免吃高脂肪的食物, 如培根或汉堡包。
2.特殊物质名词的数量表示: 当要表示“一场/段/件/种……”等意思时, 某些物质名词前可用不定冠词, 但此时通常有形容词或of短语修饰。如:
※A heavy snow was falling.
当时正下着一场大雪。
※A fine rain began to fall.
开始下起一阵小雨。
另外, 表示“一杯/罐/瓶”的tea、 coffee、 drink、 beer等, 可以用a(n)或数词修饰, 也有复数形式。如:
※Two teas and a coffee, please.
请来两杯茶和一杯咖啡。
※I ordered two coffees and an ice-cream.
我点了两杯咖啡和一份冰淇淋。
3.有些名词既是可数名词又是不可数名词, 但意思不同。如: work工作, a work一部著作; glass玻璃, a glass一个玻璃杯; wood木头, a wood一片树林; room空间, a room一间房间; paper纸, a paper 一份试卷(文件、 报纸等)等。
考点3 抽象名词具体化
1.表示情感、情绪的词, 强调具体的人或事时常将其具体化使用。常用的重点抽象名词可概括为如下11个字: 惊(surprise)、乐(pleasure)、幸(honour)、憾(pity)、傲(pride)、慰(comfort)、险(danger)、助(help)、成(success)、败(failure)、美(beauty)。例如:
※The new method has finally proved to be a success. 新方法最终证明是成功的。
2.表示“一次”“一场”“一段”等“一……”的概念, 常与动词连用构成短语, 名词前常有形容词修饰。如: have a good time、 have a wonderful supper、 have a good knowledge/understanding of、 have a population of、 cover an area of、 reach a height of等。
【即时巩固】
1.(2026·衡水模拟)When Huang was a teenager, zanhua became an
__________(inspire) and provided a career for Huang.
2.(2026·豫东豫北十校模拟)The first working telegraph was produced in
1836.This made it possible to send messages over any ________(distant).
3.(2026·陕西模拟)“The ___________(unique) and inclusiveness of lion
dance have allowed us to build a family here,” her lion dance master said.
inspiration
distance
uniqueness
4.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷) Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy
a more domestic form of this ___________(interact) by walking along a
fountain on their lunch break.
5.(2023·全国乙卷) Several studies have backed this up and found that
indoor plants can improve __________(create), focus and memory.
interaction
creativity
三、名词所有格
【自我检测】
1.Second, they should provide related supporting services to enhance
_________(tourist) experience.
tourists’
2.In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism,
starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many ________
(people) digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed
discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
3.In the last five years,Cao has walked through 34 countries in six
continents,and in 2016,he reached the top of Kilimanjaro,________ (Africa)
highest mountain.
people’s
Africa’s
【要点集结】
考点1 常规所有格
1.表示有生命名词的所有格时, 在词尾加“’s”。如:the boy’s bag、 men’s rooms。
2.若名词已有复数词尾-s, 只加“’”。如:the teachers’ reading room。
3.表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家、城市等无生命名词的所有格也可在词尾加“’s”来表示所属关系, 意为“……的”。如:a ten minutes’ walk、 a twenty miles’ journey、 two tons’ weight、 fifty dollars’ worth。
考点2 并列所有格
1.如果两个名词并列, 且分别加“’s”, 则表示“分别有……”。
2.若只有后一个名词加“’s”, 则表示两个“共有”。如:John’s and Mary’s rooms (两间); John and Mary’s room (一间)。
考点3 of属格
　　无生命名词的所有格用of结构。如:a map of China、 the end of this term、 the capital of our country、 the colour of the flowers。
考点4 省略格
　　在表示店铺、教堂、诊所的名称或某人的家时, 名词所有格的后面常省略它所修饰的名词。如:at the doctor’s在诊所; at my sister’s在我姐姐(妹妹)的家。
考点5 双重所有格
　　of+名词“’s”结构。如:a friend of my brother’s, works of Mo Yan’s。
考点6 名词所有格用法口诀
名词所有格, 表物是“谁的”,
若为生命词, 加’s 即可行,
词尾有-s, 仅把’加;
并列名词后, 各自和共有,
前者分别加, 后者最后加;
若为无生命词, of所有格,
前后须倒置, 此是硬规则。
【点津】如果是无生命的名词则用of表示所有格, 这里需要注意它们的顺序与汉语不同, “A of B”要翻译为“B的A”。
【即时巩固】
1.These poems describe not only the historical changes of a dynasty, but also
________(people) understanding of the world.
2.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) You’ll hear these ____________ (participant) stories and
learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered
that you should avoid.
3.(2023·全国甲卷) A ______ (day) work was rewarded with ￡5 in pocket money.
people’s
participants’
day’s
4.(2023·全国乙卷) It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to
a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of _________(Britain)
consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way.
5.The _______(world) population is increasing at a surprising rate and our
environment is facing great pressure.
6.This switch has decreased pollution in the _________(country) major lakes
and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
Britain’s
world’s
country’s
解题小贴士 语法填空题名词考法
1.根据语境标志词判断名词
(1)看到冠词、形容词或形容词性物主代词时, 要想到名词。
(2)遇到介词或及物动词时,要想到名词。
(3)看到并列连词所连接的前或后是名词时,要想到名词。
2.根据规则确定名词单复数
(1)如果空格处被these、 several、 many和大于1的数词等修饰时, 要考虑用名词的复数形式。
(2)如果一般现在时的谓语动词是动词原形或are, 要考虑用名词的复数形式。
(3)在平时学习中要熟记名词单数变复数的规则, 方能解决好此类问题。
【链接写作】
某些名词与with搭配使用相当于副词。例如:with happiness、with joy、
with satisfaction、with kindness。
一句多译:
我们焦急地等待她平安到达的消息。
We waited _________ for the news of her safe arrival.
→We waited ____________ for the news of her safe arrival.
anxiously
with anxiety
Step 2　语法精练·体验高考素养落实
Ⅰ.高考单句语法填空
1.(2025·全国Ⅱ卷) The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where
I live, thanks to the ________(absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky
__________(afternoon) with lots of fresh air.
2.(2025·浙江1月高考)As people now choose to wear more clothes fewer
______(time), clothing rental services have become increasingly popular.
3.(2025·浙江1月高考)Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women to rent
rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive ________(solve)
to one-time event dressing.
absence
afternoons
times
solution
4.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷) These plants included modern Western __________
(favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel.
5.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷) The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in
contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China
at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route that
brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much
of the ________ (rich) of gardening in England.
6.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷) The latest ____________(engineer) techniques are applied
to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful.
favourites
richness
engineering
7.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷) Since June 2017, right before the _______(arrive) of the
two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda
keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English.
8.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷) They also need to be ready to give __________(interview)
in English with international journalists.
9.(2023·全国甲卷) The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple
truths about everyday life.However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty
_________(warn) about environmental destruction.
arrival
interviews
warning
10.(2023·全国乙卷) But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place
that welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century
architectural _________(wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings
of the past.
11.(2023·浙江1月高考) Thanks to Beijing’s long history as capital of China,
almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic
_______(event).
wonders
events
12.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity
between separate ____________(population) and homes of giant pandas,
and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
13.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) “He saved my ______(son) life,” said Mrs Brown.
“I don’t know how to thank him.”
14.(2022·全国甲卷) Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road,
in order to promote environmental __________(protect).
populations
son’s
protection
15.(2022·全国乙卷) China has a _____________(responsible) to work with
other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.
16.(2022·浙江高考)John Olson, a former _____________(photograph) and
his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models.
17.(2022·浙江高考) For Luc, this means _____________(independent).
18.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the
top will remind you how tiny we ________(human) are.
responsibility
photographer
independence
humans
Ⅱ.语篇语法填空
　　From the first day I arrived in Kunming, I had my 1._______ (understand) of China changed.Far from being narrow-minded and hostile to 2._______ (foreign), people came up to talk to me the first time I went out on the street.It happened to be all in Chinese, so I didn’t understand much, but it did cause me to rethink my 3._______ (assume).
As my Chinese improved, this continued throughout my stay, from my landlord introducing me to people who could help me learn 4._______ (China) to getting to know the couple who ran a noodle restaurant nearby.
If you’re interested in other people, their culture, and their language, they’ll be 5._______ (friend) to you.China isn’t an 6._______ (except).Don’t judge a country by its 7._______ (medium) coverage, especially some media, which have much prejudice.
I saw a very different kind of China with my own eyes.Kunming, where I lived for most of my stay, wasn’t much polluted.I had frank 8._______ (conversation) with Chinese people about almost everything.Still China is developing, but the economic 9._______ (grow) means that most people have seen their living 10._______ (standard) improve rapidly in the last 20 years.People I spoke with were generally optimistic about the future.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者来到昆明后真切地认识和感受到中国的发展并真实地了解了中国。
1.【解析】understanding。考查名词。句意:从我来到昆明的第一天起,我对中国的理解就发生了变化。故填understanding。
2.【解析】foreigners。考查名词。句意:当我第一次走到街上的时候,人们非但没有对外国人有偏见和敌意,反而走过来和我说话。介词to后接名词且句中无限定词,所以用名词的复数形式。故填foreigners。
3.【解析】assumptions。考查名词。句意:我理解的不是很多,但这确实让我重新思考了我的假设。此空宜填名词的复数,assume的名词是assumption,故填assumptions。
4.【解析】Chinese。考查名词。句意:随着我汉语水平的提高,这种情况一直持续到我入住期间,从房东向我介绍可以帮助我学习汉语的人,到结识在附近经营一家面馆的一对夫妇。此处为学习汉语,故填Chinese。
5.【解析】friendly。考查形容词。固定短语be friendly to sb.对某人友好,be动词后接形容词。故填friendly。
6.【解析】exception。考查名词。空前是不定冠词,空处填名词,except的名词是exception。故填exception。
7.【解析】media。考查名词。“媒体”应该是有各种媒体,故填复数。medium的复数是media。故填media。
8.【解析】conversations。考查名词。句意:我和中国人坦诚地交谈了几乎所有的事情。对话应该有很多,故填conversations。
9.【解析】growth。考查名词。句意:中国仍在发展,但是经济增长意味着大多数人的生活水平在过去20年里迅速提高。形容词economic后接名词。growth是不可数名词,故填growth。
10.【解析】standards。考查名词。生活水平即living standards,名词用复数。故填standards。

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