资源简介

(共37张PPT)
特殊句式
Step 1　语法精讲·先测后悟巩固提升
【自我检测】
1.It was in 2018 _____ the junior students at the Jilin University of the Arts
presented a design—a Chinese knot and a red lantern.
2.(2023·全国甲卷语法填空改编) There _____(be) once a town in the heart
of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings.
3.“Not only ____(be) the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing,”
she said, “but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”
that
was
are
【要点集结】
考点1 祈使句
　　祈使句表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等。因此,祈使句中一般没有主语,但根据其句意,实际上是省略了主语you。
祈使句的肯定句式一般分为以下3种类型:
1.行为动词原形+其他成分
※In any unsafe situation, simply press the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.在任何不安全的情况下,只要按下按钮,一个训练有素的特工就会给你需要的帮助。
2.Be动词+其他成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)
※Be careful to avoid being subjective and one-sided. 仔细一点,切忌主观片面。
3.Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分
※Let Tom go there himself.让汤姆自己去那里。
祈使句的否定句式,通常情况下在句首加上Don’t或Never。
※Don’t swim in the river.别在河里游泳。
※Never answer the phone while driving.
决不在开车时接电话。
考点2 感叹句
　　感叹句表示说话时的惊讶、喜悦、赞赏和愤怒等情绪。大多数感叹句是由what和how引导的,其句型结构为“What(或How)+感叹部分+主语+谓语!”,也有少量其他形式的感叹句。常见的感叹句句型有:
1.What感叹句
What作定语,修饰名词,其感叹句句型结构:
(1)What+a(n)+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!如:
※What an apple this is!
(2)What+a(n)+形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!如:
※What an interesting story it is!
(3)What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词(+主语+谓语)!如:
※What honest children they are!
※What important water it is!
2.How感叹句
How作状语,修饰形容词、副词和动词,其感叹句句型结构:
(1)How+形容词/副词(+主语+谓语)!如:
※How beautiful the city is!
※How hard the workers are working!
(2)How+形容词+a(n)+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!如:
※How interesting a story it is!
(3)How+主语+谓语!如:
※How time flies!
考点3 倒装
1.部分倒装
(1)将含有否定意义的副词、介词短语或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装。这类词(组)有:never、seldom、rarely、hardly、little、few、at no time、by no means、no longer、hardly/scarcely...when...、no sooner...than...、not only...but also...、not until、nowhere、neither...nor...等。
※The Internet is one of the ways these feelings are conveyed and perhaps never before has it served so efficiently to connect different peoples and nations.互联网是传达这些情感的方式之一,或许它从未如此有效地将不同的民族和国家联系起来。
※The professor warned the students that on no account should they use mobile phones in his class.这位教授警告学生们,在他的课堂上,绝不应该使用手机。
(2)“only+状语”置于句首时, 主句要进行部分倒装。
※Only then did we realize there was an earthquake. I was too frightened to move.
只有在那时我们才意识到发生了地震。我太害怕了以至于无法动弹。
※Only after talking to two students did I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.
只有在和两个学生交谈之后我才发觉拥有强烈的动机是达到目标的最大因素之一。
【点津】
①若only修饰主语,句子不倒装;
②only+状语从句位于句首时,主句倒装,从句不倒装;
③构成部分倒装结构时,如果谓语部分无情态动词或be动词,则需要找助动词来帮助构成倒装句。
※Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home.
(3)so/such...that...结构中的so/such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时,主句要用部分倒装结构。
※So touching did the song sound that I couldn’t hold my tears back when I heard it for the first time.
这首歌听起来如此令人感动,以至于我第一次听到它时就忍不住流下了眼泪。
(4)表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者时,用倒装结构“so/neither/nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”(so表示肯定意义, neither/nor表示否定意义)。
※None of us were familiar with planting, and nor did we know how to use gardening tools.
我们都不熟悉种植,也不知道如何使用园艺工具。
※Tom can speak French. So can Jack.
汤姆会说法语。杰克也会(说法语)。
(5)as引导让步状语从句时,状语从句必须部分倒装;though引导让步状语从句时,从句可部分倒装,也可不倒装。
※One has reason to believe that China’s anti-corruption campaign over the past few years, tough as/though it is, has achieved inspiring progress.
人们有理由相信在过去的几年里,中国的反腐行动取得了令人鼓舞的成就,虽然这个行动很艰难。
(6)在非真实条件句中,if省略时,助动词had, were, should要提到主语前面。
※Were it not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.要不是老师们的支持,这个学生是不能克服她的困难的。
2.全部倒装
当here、there、now、then、out、in、up、down、away、on the wall、in the room等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首, 且句子主语是名词时, 句子用全部倒装。
※Up into the blue sky flew the bird when we passed by its nest.
当我们经过它的巢时,那只鸟飞上了蓝天。
※She opened it and took a deep breath. Inside it were two sharp knives.
她打开它,深深地吸了一口气。它里面是两把锋利的刀子。
考点4 强调的两种形式
1.强调句型
(1)强调句型的基本结构: It is/was+被强调的部分+that+句子其他部分.。该句型可对句子的主语、表语、宾语、同位语、状语等进行强调。当强调部分是人, 且作主语时, 引导词也可用who。
※But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant, the researchers found.但研究人员发现,最重要的可能是脂肪细胞内部的影响。
【点津】
强调主语时要注意连接词与谓语的一致性。
※It is our teacher that/who helps us make great progress.
(2)强调句型的一般疑问句结构: Is/Was+it+被强调的部分+that/who+句子其他部分
※Was it during the Second World War that he died 他是在第二次世界大战中死的吗
(3)强调句型的特殊疑问句结构: 特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that/who+句子其他部分
※Where was it that you found your lost pen
你在哪里找到你丢失的钢笔的
【点津】
由疑问词引导的强调结构作宾语从句时,从句必须使用陈述语序。
※The question that puzzled them is how it is that they can get rid of the air pollution in the area.
(4)not...until...句型的强调结构:It is/was not until...+that+句子其他部分.
※—How long is it since you picked up your badminton training
—It was not until my finance became better in last December that I started the training.
——你重新练习羽毛球有多久了
——直到去年十二月,我的资金状况好转了,我才开始训练的。
2.强调谓语动词
用助动词do、does或did来强调谓语动词, 用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定的陈述句中, do还可以用于祈使句。
※Some people do believe that nuclear power poses a threat to the world peace.
有些人确实认为核能对世界和平构成了威胁。
【即时巩固】
1.(2023·浙江1月高考语法填空改编) Farther from the center ______(live)
the commoners and laborers.Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale.
2.(2023·全国甲卷语法填空改编) Her fable begins, borrowing some familiar
words from many age-old fables.Behind the simple style, however, ___(be)
a serious message intended for everyone.
lived
is
3.(2021·全国甲卷语法填空改编) After spending some time looking at all the
defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and
_____ better than to ride on a piece of history!
4.You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there ____
(be) always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks,
freeing you up for the most important.
5.(2021·全国乙卷阅读A改编) Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each;
gone ____ (be) the days of thousands standing to watch the match.
what
are
are
解题小贴士 语法填空题强调句型考法
1.强调句型用于强调陈述句。
2.强调句型用于强调一般疑问句。
3.强调句型用于强调特殊疑问句。
4.强调句型用于强调not...until...句型。
【链接写作】 强调句型在读后续写中的应用
　　强调句型是高中英语中的一个重点语法,不仅在阅读中经常出现,在读后续写中也可以大有作为。如:2023·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写:
句式升级:
I thanked him again, adding that he let me get a taste for writing.
我再次感谢他,并补充说他让我尝到了写作的滋味。
→With excited tears in my eyes, I thanked him again, adding that it was he who let me get a taste for writing.我热泪盈眶,再次感谢他,并补充说是他让我尝到了写作的滋味。
Step 2　语法精练·体验高考素养落实
Ⅰ.高考单句语法填空
1.(2023·全国乙卷阅读C改编) It’s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any
advertising campaign _____ Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg
and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits.
2.Not until recently ____ they encourage the development of tourist-related
activities in the rural area.
that
did
3.It was when I got back to my apartment _____ I first came across my new
neighbors.
4.It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house _____ we saw
Lily in the passenger seat.
5.It is at the hotel _____ the coach picks up tourists.
that
that
that
Ⅱ.语篇语法填空
(2023·全国甲卷·语法填空改编)
For thousands of years, people have told fables(寓言) to teach a lesson or to pass on wisdom.It is fables 1._______were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the 2._______(six) century,B.C.Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 3._______ Rachel Carson says in A Fable for Tomorrow.
Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable.In fact, her style and tone(口吻)are seemingly directed at children.“There 4._______(be) once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, 5._______ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables.Behind the simple style, however, 6._______(be) a serious message intended for everyone.
7._______(difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral.She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 8._______ saving their environment.The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life.However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty 9._______(warn) about environmental destruction.Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still 10._______(employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章介绍了卡森的寓言。
1.【解析】that。考查强调句型。句意:寓言就是许多早期文化口头传统的一部分,著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。强调句型强调的是fables,指物,故填that。
2.【解析】sixth。考查序数词。此处指公元前6世纪,所以用序数词。故填sixth。
3.【解析】as。考查定语从句。句意:然而,寓言的形式在今天仍然有价值,正如蕾切尔·卡森在《明天的寓言》这本书中提到的。as表示“正如,正像”,在此处引导非限制性定语从句。故填as。
4.【解析】was。考查时态和主谓一致。句意:在美国的中心地带曾经有一个小镇,在那里所有的生命似乎都与周围的环境和平共处。There be句型是倒装句,be的使用要看后面的主语,此句主语是a town,故be用单数,再根据后面seemed的时态可知用一般过去时,故填was。
5.【解析】borrowing。 考查非谓语动词。此句中谓语动词是begins,所以空处是非谓语动词。此处指寓言借用了一些熟悉的词汇。主语fable和borrow之间在逻辑上是主动关系,所以填borrowing。
6.【解析】is。考查时态和主谓一致。此处是介词短语位于句首的倒装句,主语是后面的a serious message,故谓语用单数,再根据全文的主要时态是一般现在时,故填is。
7.【解析】Different。 考查词性转换。此处指不同于传统的寓言,be different from不同于。此处是形容词作状语,且位于句首,所以填Different。
8.【解析】for。考查介词。take responsibility for是固定搭配,表示“为……负责”。故填for。
9.【解析】warning。 考查词性转换。根据空前面的a more weighty以及空后面的介词about可知此处需要名词。warn的名词是warning,根据空前面的不定冠词a可知,此处需要名词的单数形式。故填warning。
10.【解析】be employed。考查被动语态。句意:卡森证明,已经传下来多年的简单的文学形式,今天仍然可以用它让人们注意重要的真理。主语a simple literary form和employ之间是被动关系。根据空前面的情态动词can可知,此处考查“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成的被动语态。故填be employed。第9讲　特殊句式
Step 1　语法精讲·先测后悟巩固提升
【自我检测】
1.It was in 2018 that the junior students at the Jilin University of the Arts presented a design—a Chinese knot and a red lantern.
2.(2023·全国甲卷语法填空改编) There was (be) once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings.
3.“Not only are (be) the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing,” she said, “but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”
【要点集结】
考点1 祈使句
　　祈使句表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等。因此,祈使句中一般没有主语,但根据其句意,实际上是省略了主语you。
祈使句的肯定句式一般分为以下3种类型:
1.行为动词原形+其他成分
※In any unsafe situation, simply press the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.在任何不安全的情况下,只要按下按钮,一个训练有素的特工就会给你需要的帮助。
2.Be动词+其他成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)
※Be careful to avoid being subjective and one-sided. 仔细一点,切忌主观片面。
3.Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分
※Let Tom go there himself.让汤姆自己去那里。
祈使句的否定句式,通常情况下在句首加上Don’t或Never。
※Don’t swim in the river.别在河里游泳。
※Never answer the phone while driving.
决不在开车时接电话。
考点2 感叹句
　　感叹句表示说话时的惊讶、喜悦、赞赏和愤怒等情绪。大多数感叹句是由what和how引导的,其句型结构为“What(或How)+感叹部分+主语+谓语!”,也有少量其他形式的感叹句。常见的感叹句句型有:
1.What感叹句
What作定语,修饰名词,其感叹句句型结构:
(1)What+a(n)+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!如:
※What an apple this is!
(2)What+a(n)+形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!如:
※What an interesting story it is!
(3)What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词(+主语+谓语)!如:
※What honest children they are!
※What important water it is!
2.How感叹句
How作状语,修饰形容词、副词和动词,其感叹句句型结构:
(1)How+形容词/副词(+主语+谓语)!如:
※How beautiful the city is!
※How hard the workers are working!
(2)How+形容词+a(n)+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!如:
※How interesting a story it is!
(3)How+主语+谓语!如:
※How time flies!
考点3 倒装
1.部分倒装
(1)将含有否定意义的副词、介词短语或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装。这类词(组)有:never、seldom、rarely、hardly、little、few、at no time、by no means、no longer、hardly/scarcely...when...、no sooner...than...、not only...but also...、not until、nowhere、neither...nor...等。
※The Internet is one of the ways these feelings are conveyed and perhaps never before has it served so efficiently to connect different peoples and nations.互联网是传达这些情感的方式之一,或许它从未如此有效地将不同的民族和国家联系起来。
※The professor warned the students that on no account should they use mobile phones in his class.这位教授警告学生们,在他的课堂上,绝不应该使用手机。
(2)“only+状语”置于句首时, 主句要进行部分倒装。
※Only then did we realize there was an earthquake. I was too frightened to move.
只有在那时我们才意识到发生了地震。我太害怕了以至于无法动弹。
※Only after talking to two students did I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.
只有在和两个学生交谈之后我才发觉拥有强烈的动机是达到目标的最大因素之一。
【点津】
①若only修饰主语,句子不倒装;
②only+状语从句位于句首时,主句倒装,从句不倒装;
③构成部分倒装结构时,如果谓语部分无情态动词或be动词,则需要找助动词来帮助构成倒装句。
※Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home.
(3)so/such...that...结构中的so/such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时,主句要用部分倒装结构。
※So touching did the song sound that I couldn’t hold my tears back when I heard it for the first time.
这首歌听起来如此令人感动,以至于我第一次听到它时就忍不住流下了眼泪。
(4)表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者时,用倒装结构“so/neither/nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”(so表示肯定意义, neither/nor表示否定意义)。
※None of us were familiar with planting, and nor did we know how to use gardening tools.
我们都不熟悉种植,也不知道如何使用园艺工具。
※Tom can speak French. So can Jack.
汤姆会说法语。杰克也会(说法语)。
(5)as引导让步状语从句时,状语从句必须部分倒装;though引导让步状语从句时,从句可部分倒装,也可不倒装。
※One has reason to believe that China’s anti-corruption campaign over the past few years, tough as/though it is, has achieved inspiring progress.
人们有理由相信在过去的几年里,中国的反腐行动取得了令人鼓舞的成就,虽然这个行动很艰难。
(6)在非真实条件句中,if省略时,助动词had, were, should要提到主语前面。
※Were it not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.要不是老师们的支持,这个学生是不能克服她的困难的。
2.全部倒装
当here、there、now、then、out、in、up、down、away、on the wall、in the room等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首, 且句子主语是名词时, 句子用全部倒装。
※Up into the blue sky flew the bird when we passed by its nest.
当我们经过它的巢时,那只鸟飞上了蓝天。
※She opened it and took a deep breath. Inside it were two sharp knives.
她打开它,深深地吸了一口气。它里面是两把锋利的刀子。
考点4 强调的两种形式
1.强调句型
(1)强调句型的基本结构: It is/was+被强调的部分+that+句子其他部分.。该句型可对句子的主语、表语、宾语、同位语、状语等进行强调。当强调部分是人, 且作主语时, 引导词也可用who。
※But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant, the researchers found.但研究人员发现,最重要的可能是脂肪细胞内部的影响。
【点津】
强调主语时要注意连接词与谓语的一致性。
※It is our teacher that/who helps us make great progress.
(2)强调句型的一般疑问句结构: Is/Was+it+被强调的部分+that/who+句子其他部分
※Was it during the Second World War that he died 他是在第二次世界大战中死的吗
(3)强调句型的特殊疑问句结构: 特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that/who+句子其他部分
※Where was it that you found your lost pen
你在哪里找到你丢失的钢笔的
【点津】
由疑问词引导的强调结构作宾语从句时,从句必须使用陈述语序。
※The question that puzzled them is how it is that they can get rid of the air pollution in the area.
(4)not...until...句型的强调结构:It is/was not until...+that+句子其他部分.
※—How long is it since you picked up your badminton training
—It was not until my finance became better in last December that I started the training.
——你重新练习羽毛球有多久了
——直到去年十二月,我的资金状况好转了,我才开始训练的。
2.强调谓语动词
用助动词do、does或did来强调谓语动词, 用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定的陈述句中, do还可以用于祈使句。
※Some people do believe that nuclear power poses a threat to the world peace.
有些人确实认为核能对世界和平构成了威胁。
【即时巩固】
1.(2023·浙江1月高考语法填空改编) Farther from the center lived (live) the commoners and laborers.Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale.
2.(2023·全国甲卷语法填空改编) Her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables.Behind the simple style, however, is (be) a serious message intended for everyone.
3.(2021·全国甲卷语法填空改编) After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!
4.You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are (be) always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important.
5.(2021·全国乙卷阅读A改编) Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone are (be) the days of thousands standing to watch the match.
解题小贴士 语法填空题强调句型考法
1.强调句型用于强调陈述句。
2.强调句型用于强调一般疑问句。
3.强调句型用于强调特殊疑问句。
4.强调句型用于强调not...until...句型。
【链接写作】 强调句型在读后续写中的应用
　　强调句型是高中英语中的一个重点语法,不仅在阅读中经常出现,在读后续写中也可以大有作为。如:2023·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写:
句式升级:
I thanked him again, adding that he let me get a taste for writing.
我再次感谢他,并补充说他让我尝到了写作的滋味。
→With excited tears in my eyes, I thanked him again, adding that it was he who let me get a taste for writing.我热泪盈眶,再次感谢他,并补充说是他让我尝到了写作的滋味。
Step 2　语法精练·体验高考素养落实
Ⅰ.高考单句语法填空
1.(2023·全国乙卷阅读C改编) It’s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits.
2.Not until recently did they encourage the development of tourist-related activities in the rural area.
3.It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors.
4.It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house that we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
5.It is at the hotel that the coach picks up tourists.
Ⅱ.语篇语法填空
(2023·全国甲卷·语法填空改编)
For thousands of years, people have told fables(寓言) to teach a lesson or to pass on wisdom.It is fables 1._______were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the 2._______(six) century,B.C.Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 3._______ Rachel Carson says in A Fable for Tomorrow.
Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable.In fact, her style and tone(口吻)are seemingly directed at children.“There 4._______(be) once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, 5._______ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables.Behind the simple style, however, 6._______(be) a serious message intended for everyone.
7._______(difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral.She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 8._______ saving their environment.The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life.However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty 9._______(warn) about environmental destruction.Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still 10._______(employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章介绍了卡森的寓言。
1.【解析】that。考查强调句型。句意:寓言就是许多早期文化口头传统的一部分,著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。强调句型强调的是fables,指物,故填that。
2.【解析】sixth。考查序数词。此处指公元前6世纪,所以用序数词。故填sixth。
3.【解析】as。考查定语从句。句意:然而,寓言的形式在今天仍然有价值,正如蕾切尔·卡森在《明天的寓言》这本书中提到的。as表示“正如,正像”,在此处引导非限制性定语从句。故填as。
4.【解析】was。考查时态和主谓一致。句意:在美国的中心地带曾经有一个小镇,在那里所有的生命似乎都与周围的环境和平共处。There be句型是倒装句,be的使用要看后面的主语,此句主语是a town,故be用单数,再根据后面seemed的时态可知用一般过去时,故填was。
5.【解析】borrowing。 考查非谓语动词。此句中谓语动词是begins,所以空处是非谓语动词。此处指寓言借用了一些熟悉的词汇。主语fable和borrow之间在逻辑上是主动关系,所以填borrowing。
6.【解析】is。考查时态和主谓一致。此处是介词短语位于句首的倒装句,主语是后面的a serious message,故谓语用单数,再根据全文的主要时态是一般现在时,故填is。
7.【解析】Different。 考查词性转换。此处指不同于传统的寓言,be different from不同于。此处是形容词作状语,且位于句首,所以填Different。
8.【解析】for。考查介词。take responsibility for是固定搭配,表示“为……负责”。故填for。
9.【解析】warning。 考查词性转换。根据空前面的a more weighty以及空后面的介词about可知此处需要名词。warn的名词是warning,根据空前面的不定冠词a可知,此处需要名词的单数形式。故填warning。
10.【解析】be employed。考查被动语态。句意:卡森证明,已经传下来多年的简单的文学形式,今天仍然可以用它让人们注意重要的真理。主语a simple literary form和employ之间是被动关系。根据空前面的情态动词can可知,此处考查“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成的被动语态。故填be employed。
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