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第2讲　形容词、副词和比较等级
Step 1　语法精讲·先测后悟巩固提升
一、形容词和副词的句法功能
【自我检测】
1.With the number of young attendees rising, the museums have been launching creative (creation) products and services.
2.Making exercise a regular habit isn’t just good for the body.It also has a powerful (power) effect on mental well-being.
3.Wu is not a household name in China, where she was born and grew up, or in the United States, where she spent most of her life, but she was one of the most influential (influence) nuclear physicists of the 20th century.
【要点集结】
考点1 形容词主要用来修饰名词、代词, 表示事物或人的性质和特征,可作定语、表语、宾语补足语、主语补足语或状语等。
※I have to attend an important meeting this afternoon. (作定语)
※I know he is too optimistic but I don’t want to depress him. (作表语)
※The room was found very dirty. (作主语补足语)
※Optimism makes a life happier and more meaningful. (作宾语补足语)
※Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. (作状语)
【点津】(1)通常只作表语的形容词:
①以“a-”开头的形容词:afraid害怕的、alone孤单的、alive活着的、alike相似的、ashamed羞愧的、awake醒着的;
②content、 worth、 ill(有病的,不舒服的)、 sure、 liable、 well等。
(2)通常不用“人”作主语的形容词:
possible、 impossible、 probable、 convenient、 necessary等。
(3)形容词作状语时,其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致。
考点2 副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、副词甚至整个句子,可作状语、表语、宾语补足语等。
※Whenever we have trouble with our studies, our teachers help us patiently. (作状语)
※The tide was out and they walked among the rock pools. (作表语)
※Unfortunately, I was still very clumsy behind the wheel of the jeep. (作状语)
【点津】
(1)有些副词并不修饰动词, 而是修饰整个句子, 表示说话人的看法。常见的这类副词有:
表递进 besides、 further、 then、 moreover等
表结果 therefore、 consequently、 accordingly、 thus等
表转折 though、 instead、 otherwise、 however等
表等同 similarly、 equally等
表对比 rather、 oppositely等
表概括 altogether、 generally等
表列举 first(ly)、 second(ly)、 finally等
表同位 namely等
表时间 meanwhile、 sometimes、 occasionally等
表特指 particularly、 especially等
(2)兼有两种形式的副词
其中一种形式与形容词相同,另一种形式是在形容词后加后缀-ly。这两种形式的副词表示的意义不同。
【即时巩固】
1.(2026·河北模拟)The bird zun, therefore, not only showcases the technical and artistic(artist) achievements of the era, but also shows important historical information about the ceremonies and social structure of the time.
2.(2026·湖南模拟)In the future, Chiabodo has an ambitious(ambition) plan to film all the UNESCO world heritage sites in China and showcase them to the world.
3.(2026·安徽模拟)Albert Einstein, one of the greatest scientists in history, was thought as mentally(mental) retarded(智力迟钝的) when he was young.
4.For those who are fascinated (入迷的) by it and greedy (greed) for the knowledge of it, you will find massive information about it, the historical development, the background stories and its facts and figures.
5.We are thrilled that the money will go fully (full) towards supporting the poor.
二、形容词和副词的相互转化
【自我检测】
1.By creating separate lists, you can completely (complete) focus your attention and energy on one set of tasks at a time.
2.The original musical drama tells the story of a deliveryman’s various attempts to find his long-lost sister, only to become a trainee in a boxing center accidentally (accidental), and he finally wins the championship in a boxing competition.
3.This change led to food becoming more easily (easy) available.
【要点集结】
考点1 大多数副词是由形容词加后缀-ly构成。主要变化规律:
转化方法 例词
一般情况下,在形容词词尾直接加-ly real—really; helpful—helpfully
以辅音字母加-y结尾的形容词要变y为i,然后再加-ly busy—busily; angry—angrily; easy—easily
以-le结尾,去e直接加-y terrible—terribly; gentle—gently
元音字母+e 结尾,先去掉e,然后再加-ly true—truly
其他特殊情况 以ll结尾的形容词只加-y full—fully
以ic结尾的形容词加-ally automatic—automatically;energetic—energetically
考点2 在英语中,有些词既可以作形容词,又可以作副词。需要在特定语境中判断它们各自的词性。如early、 much、 fast、 little、 wide、 loud、 well等。
※It brought a wide smile to his face and laughter to his eyes. (形容词)
※In a few seconds she was wide awake. (副词)
【点津】下列单词以-ly结尾, 但却是形容词而非副词:lively、 lonely、 lovely、 deadly、 friendly、 ugly、 silly、 timely等。
【即时巩固】
1.Major international smartphone manufacturers have widely (wide) supported BeiDou.
2.As Sam Altman, the CEO of OpenAI said in an interview, “It’s not actually fundamentally (fundamental) new technology that made ChatGPT have a moment.”
3.(2026·浙江模拟)Restaurants began calling their food “Hunan” and “Sichuan”, and though it truly(true) bore much resemblance to what was eaten in those regions, it was more diverse and boldly spiced than the sweet, fried stuff that defined the earliest Chinese menus.
4.(2026·豫东豫北十校模拟)Similarly(similar), Korean Morse code uses the SKATS(Standard Korean Alphabet Transliteration System) to allow Korean to be typed on Western typewriters.
5.(2026·湖南模拟)“I have been interested in China for years because of its many world heritage sites, which are taken good care of.I genuinely(genuine) hope people across the world can see it and do the same,” says Chiabodo.
三、形容词和副词的比较级、最高级
【自我检测】
1.The previous highest (high) price was also set in the UAE.
2.It’s even more stressful (stress) when you forget something important.
3.The Show Season has been shown for five years, and the three classics this time represent the latest (late) achievements of Guangdong’s artistic creation.
【要点集结】
考点1 比较级和最高级的构成
1.规则形式
(1)单音节以及少数双音节形容词和副词, 在原级后加-er、-est构成, 如hard—harder—hardest。其他特殊变化见下表:
特殊情况 构成方式 例词
以不发音的e结尾 加-r和-st brave—braver—bravest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾 变y为i, 再加-er和-est happy—happier—happiest
以重读闭音节结尾 双写词尾字母, 再加-er和-est hot—hotter—hottest
(2)多音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级前加more、most构成。
active—more active—most active
happily—more happily—most happily
【点津】①少数双音节词及以-er或-le结尾的词,可以有两种比较级和最高级形式
common—commoner/more common—commonest/most common
②表示“最高程度”的形容词,如excellent、 extreme、 perfect、 favorite等,没有最高级,也不能用比较级。
2.不规则形式
good/well—better—best
far—farther/further—farthest/furthest
bad/ill/badly—worse—worst
考点2 比较等级的用法
1.基本用法
(1)两者相比, 表示“和……一样”, 用“as+原级+as”表示。
※He worked as fast as a qualified technician.
【点津】在同级比较中, 若出现形容词修饰单数可数名词, 其语序为: as+adj.+a(n)+n.+as。
※John is as clever a boy as you wish to meet.
(2)两者相比, 表示“不如……”, 用“not as/so+原级+as”。
※It is not so expensive as you might expect.
(3)两者相比, 表示“比……更”, 用“比较级+than”;表示“不比……更”, 用“not+比较级+than”。
※The process of learning and developing is more important than the outcome.
※Her pronunciation is as good as, if not better than, her teacher’s.
【点津】有些形容词本身含有比较的意义,其后面用to而不用than。如:superior to(优于,高于)、 inferior to (次于)、 senior to (年长于,地位高于)、 junior to(地位低于)、 prior to (早于,较重要于)。
(4)三个或三个以上的人或事物比较, 表示最高程度时, 用“the+最高级+比较范围”。
※Her sons are the most important people in her life.
2.特殊用法
(1)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。
※Learning becomes more and more difficult as we get older.
(2)“the+比较级, the+比较级”表示“越……,就越……”。
※The harder we work, the more progress we will make.
(3)“more+原级+than”表示“与其说……,不如说……”。
※She is more diligent than clever.
(4)“more than+主语+can+谓语”表示“非……所能; ……不能”。
※The beauty of the place is more than I can describe.
(5)“否定词+比较级”表示肯定的最高级。
※I couldn’t agree with you any more.
(6)表示倍数的三个常用句型
a.倍数+as+原级+as...
※The new building is three times as high as the old one.
b.倍数+比较级+than...
※The new building is three times higher than the old one.
c.倍数+the size/length/width/height, etc.+of...
※The new building is three times the height of the old one.
※Our classroom is three times as large as theirs.
=Our classroom is three times larger than theirs.
=Our classroom is three times the size of theirs.
考点3 比较级的修饰语
1.修饰比较级的常用词和短语有rather、 much、 still、 even、 (by) far、 a lot、 a little、 a great deal、a bit等。
※The theme of the play stood out even more clearly after it was revised.
2.常用的最高级的修饰语有by far、 nearly、 almost、 by no means、 not really以及序数词等。
※I would say that intellect is by far the most important factor.
【即时巩固】
1.Two-thirds expressed a desire to remain underground a while longer (long) in order to finish projects they had started.
2.Salawusu is one of the earliest (early) Paleolithic sites discovered in China.
3.The research results indicate that the artifacts are indeed tiny, most of which are less (little) than 2 centimeters in size, that the proportion of tools in the stone assemblage (集合) is high, and that these tools are extremely delicate.
4.It takes a special person to be a farmer, and even more (much) special people to be the farmer’s family.
5.As one of China’s ten most famous (famous) teas, Longjing tea is characterized by its green color, delicate smell, rich taste and beautiful shape.
四、常用的分词形容词
【自我检测】
1.Perhaps it should not be surprising (surprise) that the Internet has brought with it a new wave of horrific destructiveness.
2.Chung is excited (excite) to earn money on his own, and it has also boosted his self-confidence.
3.Living in the midst of the woods and lush greenery makes me feel relaxed (relax).
【要点集结】
　　-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别:-ed形容词通常修饰人,意为“(某人)感到……”;-ing形容词通常修饰事物,意为“(某事物)令人……”或“令人……的(事物)”。这样成对的形容词有:interested/interesting、excited/exciting、frightened/frightening、surprised/surprising、pleased/pleasing、moved/moving、disappointed/disappointing等。
※The wine was excellent, but the food was disappointing.
※We will be pleased to answer any questions you may have.
【点津】原则上,-ed 形容词通常直接用于修饰人,若修饰事物,则多为 look (表情)、 air(神态)、 appearance(外貌)、 cry(哭声)、 face(面部表情)、 voice(声音)、 mood(情绪)等显示某人的情感状况的名词。
※Roger just looked up at him with a surprised look.
※A hand helped me out of the tree, and a frightened voice asked me if I was badly hurt.
【即时巩固】
1.From the annoyed (annoy) look of Tom’s mother, we knew that she would give him a lecture about what he had done.
2.He found a frightening (frighten) snake measuring 6 metres in length.
3.I’m more than excited (excite) to have this precious opportunity to give such a presentation.
4.The film was very moving (move), and most of the audience were moved (move)to tears after watching it.
5.Tom is reading an interesting (interest) book, which makes him interested (interest) in it.
解题小贴士 语法填空题形容词、副词考法
1.看到空格处修饰的是名词, 要想到用形容词。
2.看到空格处修饰的是动词、形容词、副词或整个句子, 要想到用副词。
3.看到与than连用, 要想到用形容词或副词的比较级。
4.看到and、 or、 but等并列连词前或后用的比较级, 要想到用比较级。
5.看到语境中暗含比较含义, 要想到用比较级(二者之间)或最高级(三者及以上)。
【链接写作】
　　形容词或形容词词组作状语具有双重特点,既说明其逻辑主语的性质或状态,又修饰句子中的谓语动词,具有副词功能。熟悉其特征,可以很好地提高综合利用语言的能力。
完成句子:
1.长途旅行之后,我们三个又饿又累地回家了。
After the long journey, the three of us went back home,hungry and tired.
2.无法用言语表达自己,他们默默地握住我们的手。
Unable to find words to express themselves, they silently grasped our hands.
Step 2　语法精练·体验高考素养落实
Ⅰ.高考单句语法填空
1.(2025·全国Ⅰ卷)Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic(al)(strategy) placement of the pieces,and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, digitally(digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
2.(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family,where bamboo and tea bushes(灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central(center) heating doesn’t exist.
3.(2025·北京高考)Maybe this morning you debated whether to get up or stay in bed slightly longer(long).
4.(2024·全国甲卷) Yellowstone was the largest(large) United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska.
5.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷) Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident (confidence) speaking English.
6.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷) So, what are they learning Basically (basic), how to describe a panda’s life.
7.(2023·全国甲卷) Different (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral.
8.(2023·全国乙卷) The remarkable (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, means there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
9.(2023·浙江1月高考) The term “hutong”, originally (original) meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
10.(2023·浙江1月高考) The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by spacious (space) homes and walled gardens.
11.(2023·浙江1月高考) Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and simpler (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
12.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and eventually (eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
13.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) They both fell asleep (sleep) while watching TV.
14.(2022·全国甲卷) Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more meaningful (meaning).
15.(2022·全国甲卷) In 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest (high) mountain.
16.(2022·全国乙卷) As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the largest (large) tea-producing country, China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.
17.(2022·全国乙卷) It can help to build a community with a shared (share) future for mankind.
18.(2022·浙江高考) Blind people recognize shapes with their existing (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of sighted (sight)people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.
19.(2022·北京高考) That’s a big problem and it is getting even worse (bad).
20.(2022·浙江1月高考) On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly (rough) 200 academics—many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
21.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb.It will undoubtedly (undoubted) help you get refreshed!
22.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the hotter (hot) the spring!
23.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching (ache) legs.
24.(2021·全国甲卷) We decided it was time for some action and what better (good) than to ride on a piece of history!
25.(2021·全国乙卷) Provide financial (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
26.(2021·浙江高考) When the house was built, it was much smaller(small) than it is today.
27.(2021·浙江1月高考) But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed sharply (sharp).
28.(2021·浙江1月高考) This may be due to some disadvantages for people living in the countryside, including lower (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
29.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) In the 18th and 19th centuries, wealthy(wealth)people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.
30.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷) Landing on the moon’s far side is extremely (extreme) challenging.
31.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷) Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether its plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
32.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷) Certainly (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.
33.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷) Branches of Plum Blossom(梅花): The beautiful (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds(蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.
34.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷) One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their finest (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.
Ⅱ.语篇语法填空
(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·语法填空改编)
Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot,1._______(taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food.The dumplings arrive steaming and 2._______(dangerous) hot.To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the steam and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
Shanghai may be the 3._______(recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will 4._______(actual) point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long bao’s birthplace.There you will find them prepared 5._______(different) —more dumpling and 6._______(little) soup, and the wrappers are pressed by hand rather than rolled.Nanxiang aside, the 7._______(good) Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents.The meat should be fresh with a touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, one steamer is 8._______(rare) enough, yet two seems 9._______(greed), so I am always left wanting 10._______ (much) next time.
【文章大意】本文是说明文。本篇描写了作者最爱的中国美食小笼包鲜美的味道以及它的产地南翔和它精细的制作工艺。
1.【解析】tasty。考查形容词。句意:小笼包(汤包),那些精致的包子皮,包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉,是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。修饰后面的名词soup,需用形容词tasty作定语,故填tasty。
2.【解析】dangerously。考查副词。句意:包子热气腾腾地送来了。修饰形容词hot用副词,故填dangerously。
3.【解析】recognized。考查非谓语动词。句意:上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡,但美食历史学家会告诉你,邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home前面作定语,recognize与home在逻辑上是动宾关系,需填过去分词recognized,recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。
4.【解析】actually。考查副词。表示“实际上地”,填副词actually。
5.【解析】differently。考查副词。句意:在那里,你会发现它们的制作方法不同——包子多,汤少,包子皮是用手压的,而不是擀的。修饰prepared用副词differently。
6.【解析】less。考查形容词比较级。根据连词and可知此处填比较级,而且要修饰不可数名词soup,故填less。
7.【解析】best。考查形容词最高级。句意:最好的小笼包皮很薄,可以从笼屉里拿出来,不会弄破或把里面的东西弄洒。根据句意可知此处指最好的,故填best。
8.【解析】rarely。考查副词。句意:不管我在哪里买(小笼包),一笼很少够,但两笼又似乎太贪婪,所以我总是想要下一次吃得更多一些。enough 为形容词,修饰形容词用副词作状语,rarely意思是“很少”。故填rarely。
9.【解析】greedy。考查形容词。seem to be + adj.,to be可以省略,故填greed的形容词形式greedy,意为“贪婪的”。
10.【解析】more。考查比较级。根据句意,下次想要吃得更多,故填比较级more。
- 2 -(共58张PPT)
形容词、副词和比较等级
Step 1　语法精讲·先测后悟巩固提升
一、形容词和副词的句法功能
【自我检测】
1.With the number of young attendees rising, the museums have been
launching ________(creation) products and services.
2.Making exercise a regular habit isn’t just good for the body.It also has a
_________(power) effect on mental well-being.
3.Wu is not a household name in China, where she was born and grew up,
or in the United States, where she spent most of her life, but she was one of
the most __________(influence) nuclear physicists of the 20th century.
creative
powerful
influential
【要点集结】
考点1 形容词主要用来修饰名词、代词, 表示事物或人的性质和特征,可作定语、表语、宾语补足语、主语补足语或状语等。
※I have to attend an important meeting this afternoon. (作定语)
※I know he is too optimistic but I don’t want to depress him. (作表语)
※The room was found very dirty. (作主语补足语)
※Optimism makes a life happier and more meaningful. (作宾语补足语)
※Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. (作状语)
【点津】(1)通常只作表语的形容词:
①以“a-”开头的形容词:afraid害怕的、alone孤单的、alive活着的、alike相似的、ashamed羞愧的、awake醒着的;
②content、 worth、 ill(有病的,不舒服的)、 sure、 liable、 well等。
(2)通常不用“人”作主语的形容词:
possible、 impossible、 probable、 convenient、 necessary等。
(3)形容词作状语时,其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致。
考点2 副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、副词甚至整个句子,可作状语、表语、宾语补足语等。
※Whenever we have trouble with our studies, our teachers help us patiently. (作状语)
※The tide was out and they walked among the rock pools. (作表语)
※Unfortunately, I was still very clumsy behind the wheel of the jeep. (作状语)
【点津】
(1)有些副词并不修饰动词, 而是修饰整个句子, 表示说话人的看法。常见的这类副词有:
表递进 besides、 further、 then、 moreover等
表结果 therefore、 consequently、 accordingly、 thus等
表转折 though、 instead、 otherwise、 however等
表等同 similarly、 equally等
表对比 rather、 oppositely等
表概括 altogether、 generally等
表列举 first(ly)、 second(ly)、 finally等
表同位 namely等
表时间 meanwhile、 sometimes、 occasionally等
表特指 particularly、 especially等
(2)兼有两种形式的副词
其中一种形式与形容词相同,另一种形式是在形容词后加后缀-ly。这两种形式的副词表示的意义不同。
【即时巩固】
1.(2026·河北模拟)The bird zun, therefore, not only showcases the technical
and _______(artist) achievements of the era, but also shows important historical
information about the ceremonies and social structure of the time.
2.(2026·湖南模拟)In the future, Chiabodo has an __________(ambition) plan to
film all the UNESCO world heritage sites in China and showcase them to the
world.
artistic
ambitious
3.(2026·安徽模拟)Albert Einstein, one of the greatest scientists in history,
was thought as _________(mental) retarded(智力迟钝的) when he was young.
4.For those who are fascinated (入迷的) by it and _______ (greed) for the
knowledge of it, you will find massive information about it, the historical
development, the background stories and its facts and figures.
5.We are thrilled that the money will go _____(full) towards supporting
the poor.
mentally
greedy
fully
二、形容词和副词的相互转化
【自我检测】
1.By creating separate lists, you can ___________(complete) focus your
attention and energy on one set of tasks at a time.
2.The original musical drama tells the story of a deliveryman’s various
attempts to find his long-lost sister, only to become a trainee in a boxing
center ____________(accidental), and he finally wins the championship in
a boxing competition.
3.This change led to food becoming more ______(easy) available.
completely
accidentally
easily
【要点集结】
考点1 大多数副词是由形容词加后缀-ly构成。主要变化规律:
转化方法 例词
一般情况下,在形容词词尾直接加-ly real—really;
helpful—helpfully
以辅音字母加-y结尾的形容词要变y为i,然后再加-ly busy—busily;
angry—angrily;
easy—easily
转化方法 例词
以-le结尾,去e直接加-y terrible—terribly;
gentle—gently
元音字母+e 结尾,先去掉e,然后再加-ly true—truly
其他特殊情况 以ll结尾的形容词只加-y full—fully
以ic结尾的形容词加-ally automatic—automatically;energetic—energetically
考点2 在英语中,有些词既可以作形容词,又可以作副词。需要在特定语境中判断它们各自的词性。如early、 much、 fast、 little、 wide、 loud、 well等。
※It brought a wide smile to his face and laughter to his eyes. (形容词)
※In a few seconds she was wide awake. (副词)
【点津】下列单词以-ly结尾, 但却是形容词而非副词:lively、 lonely、 lovely、 deadly、 friendly、 ugly、 silly、 timely等。
【即时巩固】
1.Major international smartphone manufacturers have _______(wide)
supported BeiDou.
2.As Sam Altman, the CEO of OpenAI said in an interview, “It’s not actually
______________(fundamental) new technology that made ChatGPT have a
moment.”
3.(2026·浙江模拟)Restaurants began calling their food “Hunan” and “Sichuan”,
and though it _____(true) bore much resemblance to what was eaten in those
regions, it was more diverse and boldly spiced than the sweet, fried stuff that
defined the earliest Chinese menus.
widely
fundamentally
truly
4.(2026·豫东豫北十校模拟)_________(similar), Korean Morse code uses the
SKATS(Standard Korean Alphabet Transliteration System) to allow Korean
to be typed on Western typewriters.
5.(2026·湖南模拟)“I have been interested in China for years because of its
many world heritage sites, which are taken good care of.I _________(genuine)
hope people across the world can see it and do the same,” says Chiabodo.
Similarly
genuinely
三、形容词和副词的比较级、最高级
【自我检测】
1.The previous ________(high) price was also set in the UAE.
2.It’s even ______________(stress) when you forget something important.
3.The Show Season has been shown for five years, and the three classics this
time represent the ______(late) achievements of Guangdong’s artistic creation.
highest
more stressful
latest
【要点集结】
考点1 比较级和最高级的构成
1.规则形式
(1)单音节以及少数双音节形容词和副词, 在原级后加-er、-est构成, 如hard—harder—hardest。其他特殊变化见下表:
特殊情况 构成方式 例词
以不发音的e结尾 加-r和-st brave—braver—bravest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾 变y为i, 再加-er和-est happy—happier—happiest
以重读闭音节结尾 双写词尾字母, 再加-er和-est hot—hotter—hottest
(2)多音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级前加more、most构成。
active—more active—most active
happily—more happily—most happily
【点津】①少数双音节词及以-er或-le结尾的词,可以有两种比较级和最高级形式
common—commoner/more common—commonest/most common
②表示“最高程度”的形容词,如excellent、 extreme、 perfect、 favorite等,没有最高级,也不能用比较级。
2.不规则形式
good/well—better—best
far—farther/further—farthest/furthest
bad/ill/badly—worse—worst
考点2 比较等级的用法
1.基本用法
(1)两者相比, 表示“和……一样”, 用“as+原级+as”表示。
※He worked as fast as a qualified technician.
【点津】在同级比较中, 若出现形容词修饰单数可数名词, 其语序为: as+adj.+a(n)+n.+as。
※John is as clever a boy as you wish to meet.
(2)两者相比, 表示“不如……”, 用“not as/so+原级+as”。
※It is not so expensive as you might expect.
(3)两者相比, 表示“比……更”, 用“比较级+than”;表示“不比……更”, 用“not+比较级+than”。
※The process of learning and developing is more important than the outcome.
※Her pronunciation is as good as, if not better than, her teacher’s.
【点津】有些形容词本身含有比较的意义,其后面用to而不用than。如:superior to(优于,高于)、 inferior to (次于)、 senior to (年长于,地位高于)、 junior to(地位低于)、 prior to (早于,较重要于)。
(4)三个或三个以上的人或事物比较, 表示最高程度时, 用“the+最高级+比较范围”。
※Her sons are the most important people in her life.
2.特殊用法
(1)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。
※Learning becomes more and more difficult as we get older.
(2)“the+比较级, the+比较级”表示“越……,就越……”。
※The harder we work, the more progress we will make.
(3)“more+原级+than”表示“与其说……,不如说……”。
※She is more diligent than clever.
(4)“more than+主语+can+谓语”表示“非……所能; ……不能”。
※The beauty of the place is more than I can describe.
(5)“否定词+比较级”表示肯定的最高级。
※I couldn’t agree with you any more.
(6)表示倍数的三个常用句型
a.倍数+as+原级+as...
※The new building is three times as high as the old one.
b.倍数+比较级+than...
※The new building is three times higher than the old one.
c.倍数+the size/length/width/height, etc.+of...
※The new building is three times the height of the old one.
※Our classroom is three times as large as theirs.
=Our classroom is three times larger than theirs.
=Our classroom is three times the size of theirs.
考点3 比较级的修饰语
1.修饰比较级的常用词和短语有rather、 much、 still、 even、 (by) far、 a lot、 a little、 a great deal、a bit等。
※The theme of the play stood out even more clearly after it was revised.
2.常用的最高级的修饰语有by far、 nearly、 almost、 by no means、 not really以及序数词等。
※I would say that intellect is by far the most important factor.
【即时巩固】
1.Two-thirds expressed a desire to remain underground a while _______(long)
in order to finish projects they had started.
2.Salawusu is one of the ________(early) Paleolithic sites discovered in China.
3.The research results indicate that the artifacts are indeed tiny, most of which
are _____(little) than 2 centimeters in size, that the proportion of tools in the
stone assemblage (集合) is high, and that these tools are extremely delicate.
longer
earliest
less
4.It takes a special person to be a farmer, and even ______(much) special
people to be the farmer’s family.
5.As one of China’s ten ____________(famous) teas, Longjing tea is
characterized by its green color, delicate smell, rich taste and beautiful shape.
more
most famous
四、常用的分词形容词
【自我检测】
1.Perhaps it should not be __________(surprise) that the Internet has
brought with it a new wave of horrific destructiveness.
2.Chung is ________(excite) to earn money on his own, and it has also
boosted his self-confidence.
3.Living in the midst of the woods and lush greenery makes me feel
________(relax).
surprising
excited
relaxed
【要点集结】
　　-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别:-ed形容词通常修饰人,意为“(某人)感到……”;-ing形容词通常修饰事物,意为“(某事物)令人……”或“令人……的(事物)”。这样成对的形容词有:interested/interesting、excited/exciting、frightened/frightening、surprised/surprising、pleased/pleasing、moved/moving、disappointed/disappointing等。
※The wine was excellent, but the food was disappointing.
※We will be pleased to answer any questions you may have.
【点津】原则上,-ed 形容词通常直接用于修饰人,若修饰事物,则多为 look (表情)、 air(神态)、 appearance(外貌)、 cry(哭声)、 face(面部表情)、 voice(声音)、 mood(情绪)等显示某人的情感状况的名词。
※Roger just looked up at him with a surprised look.
※A hand helped me out of the tree, and a frightened voice asked me if I was badly hurt.
【即时巩固】
1.From the _________(annoy) look of Tom’s mother, we knew that she would
give him a lecture about what he had done.
2.He found a ___________(frighten) snake measuring 6 metres in length.
3.I’m more than ________(excite) to have this precious opportunity to give
such a presentation.
4.The film was very ________(move), and most of the audience were
_______(move)to tears after watching it.
5.Tom is reading an ___________(interest) book, which makes him
__________(interest) in it.
annoyed
frightening
excited
moving
moved
interesting
interested
解题小贴士 语法填空题形容词、副词考法
1.看到空格处修饰的是名词, 要想到用形容词。
2.看到空格处修饰的是动词、形容词、副词或整个句子, 要想到用副词。
3.看到与than连用, 要想到用形容词或副词的比较级。
4.看到and、 or、 but等并列连词前或后用的比较级, 要想到用比较级。
5.看到语境中暗含比较含义, 要想到用比较级(二者之间)或最高级(三者及以上)。
【链接写作】
　　形容词或形容词词组作状语具有双重特点,既说明其逻辑主语的性质或
状态,又修饰句子中的谓语动词,具有副词功能。熟悉其特征,可以很好地提
高综合利用语言的能力。
完成句子:
1.长途旅行之后,我们三个又饿又累地回家了。
After the long journey, the three of us went back home,________________.
2.无法用言语表达自己,他们默默地握住我们的手。
___________________ to express themselves, they silently grasped our hands.
hungry and tired
Unable to find words
Step 2　语法精练·体验高考素养落实
Ⅰ.高考单句语法填空
1.(2025·全国Ⅰ卷)Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces,
the beauty in the ___________(strategy) placement of the pieces,and the energy
flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures,
________(digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
2.(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my
Chinese husband and his family,where bamboo and tea bushes(灌木) grow wild
in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and _______(center) heating
doesn’t exist.
strategic(al)
digitally
central
3.(2025·北京高考)Maybe this morning you debated whether to get up or stay
in bed slightly ______(long).
4.(2024·全国甲卷) Yellowstone was the _______(large) United States national
park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska.
5.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷) Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new
pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at
the zoo to feel more comfortable and __________(confidence) speaking English.
longer
largest
confident
6.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷) So, what are they learning _________(basic), how to
describe a panda’s life.
7.(2023·全国甲卷) _________(difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s
story ends with an accusation instead of a moral.
8.(2023·全国乙卷) The ____________(remark) development of this city,
which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the
modern world, means there is always something new to discover here,
and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
Basically
Different
remarkable
9.(2023·浙江1月高考) The term “hutong”, __________(original) meaning
“water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
10.(2023·浙江1月高考) The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by
_________(space) homes and walled gardens.
11.(2023·浙江1月高考) Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and
________(simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
originally
spacious
simpler
12.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity
between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and __________
(eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
13.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) They both fell _______(sleep) while watching TV.
14.(2022·全国甲卷) Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more
___________(meaning).
eventually
asleep
meaningful
15.(2022·全国甲卷) In 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s
________(high) mountain.
16.(2022·全国乙卷) As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the
birthplace of tea and the _______(large) tea-producing country, China has a
responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy
development of the tea industry.
17.(2022·全国乙卷) It can help to build a community with a _______(share)
future for mankind.
highest
largest
shared
18.(2022·浙江高考) Blind people recognize shapes with their ________(exist)
senses, in a way similar to that of ________(sight)people, says Ella Striem-Amit,
a Harvard scientist.
19.(2022·北京高考) That’s a big problem and it is getting even _______(bad).
20.(2022·浙江1月高考) On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example,
________(rough) 200 academics—many of them climate scientists have
promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
21.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something
you must try after the climb.It will ____________(undoubted) help you get
refreshed!
existing
sighted
worse
roughly
undoubtedly
22.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder
the temperature gets, the _______(hot) the spring!
23.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up
the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place
where you can sit down to rest your _______(ache) legs.
24.(2021·全国甲卷) We decided it was time for some action and what
_______(good) than to ride on a piece of history!
hotter
aching
better
25.(2021·全国乙卷) Provide _________(finance) aid and other benefits for
local peoples.
26.(2021·浙江高考) When the house was built, it was much _______(small)
than it is today.
27.(2021·浙江1月高考) But 30 years later, the BMI difference between
urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed ________(sharp).
28.(2021·浙江1月高考) This may be due to some disadvantages for people
living in the countryside, including ______(low) levels of income and
education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
financial
smaller
sharply
lower
29.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) In the 18th and 19th centuries, ________(wealth)
people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.
30.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷) Landing on the moon’s far side is __________(extreme)
challenging.
31.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷) Data about the moon’s composition, such as how ______
ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether its plans
for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
wealthy
extremely
much
32.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷) __________(certain) during the holiday period, this plant
is a must.
33.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷) Branches of Plum Blossom(梅花): The _________(beauty)
long branches covered with pink-colored buds(蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.
34.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷) One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像)
done so he called all great artists to come and present their ______(fine) work,
so that he could choose the best.
Certainly
beautiful
finest
Ⅱ.语篇语法填空
(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·语法填空改编)
Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot,1._______(taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food.The dumplings arrive steaming and 2._______(dangerous) hot.To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the steam and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
Shanghai may be the 3._______(recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will 4._______(actual) point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long bao’s birthplace.There you will find them prepared 5._______(different) —more dumpling and 6._______(little) soup, and the wrappers are pressed by hand rather than rolled.Nanxiang aside, the 7._______(good) Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents.The meat should be fresh with a touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, one steamer is 8._______(rare) enough, yet two seems 9._______(greed), so I am always left wanting 10._______ (much) next time.
【文章大意】本文是说明文。本篇描写了作者最爱的中国美食小笼包鲜美的味道以及它的产地南翔和它精细的制作工艺。
1.【解析】tasty。考查形容词。句意:小笼包(汤包),那些精致的包子皮,包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉,是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。修饰后面的名词soup,需用形容词tasty作定语,故填tasty。
2.【解析】dangerously。考查副词。句意:包子热气腾腾地送来了。修饰形容词hot用副词,故填dangerously。
3.【解析】recognized。考查非谓语动词。句意:上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡,但美食历史学家会告诉你,邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home前面作定语,recognize与home在逻辑上是动宾关系,需填过去分词recognized,recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。
4.【解析】actually。考查副词。表示“实际上地”,填副词actually。
5.【解析】differently。考查副词。句意:在那里,你会发现它们的制作方法不同——包子多,汤少,包子皮是用手压的,而不是擀的。修饰prepared用副词differently。
6.【解析】less。考查形容词比较级。根据连词and可知此处填比较级,而且要修饰不可数名词soup,故填less。
7.【解析】best。考查形容词最高级。句意:最好的小笼包皮很薄,可以从笼屉里拿出来,不会弄破或把里面的东西弄洒。根据句意可知此处指最好的,故填best。
8.【解析】rarely。考查副词。句意:不管我在哪里买(小笼包),一笼很少够,但两笼又似乎太贪婪,所以我总是想要下一次吃得更多一些。enough 为形容词,修饰形容词用副词作状语,rarely意思是“很少”。故填rarely。
9.【解析】greedy。考查形容词。seem to be + adj.,to be可以省略,故填greed的形容词形式greedy,意为“贪婪的”。
10.【解析】more。考查比较级。根据句意,下次想要吃得更多,故填比较级more。

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