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北京市第八中学京西校区2025-2026学年度第二学期期中练习题高一英语试题
一、选词填空-句子：本大题共1小题，共5分。
1.
come across; engage in; pick out; be regarded as; fight against;
(1) We must make an effort to unfairness and cruelty.
(2) He one of the best writers in the country and has many determined fans.
(3) Now we a brilliant student to represent the whole school.
(4) Reeve a wide range of exercises designed to rebuild muscle.
(5) All the team members have worked together to overcome the difficulties they , and all their efforts have been rewarded.
二、阅读理解：本大题共14小题，共35分。
A
The Nobel Prizes for 2024 have honored groundbreaking discoveries and achievements that have significantly benefited humankind in various ways. These winners have made remarkable contributions to their respective fields, pushing the boundaries of human knowledge and understanding.
Nobel Prize in Physics
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics to John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton. They employed physics tools to develop methods that paved the way for advanced machine learning. Hopfield created a structure capable of storing and reconstructing information, while Hinton invented a method that independently identifies data properties, crucial for modern artificial neural networks.
Nobel Prize in Chemistry
In Chemistry, the focus was on proteins, vital for life. David Baker achieved the seemingly impossible by crafting entirely new protein types. Demis Hassabis and John Jumper tackled a 50-year-old challenge with their Al model that predicts complex protein structures, holding immense potential.
Nobel Prize in Literature
Han Kang, a South Korean author, won the Nobel Prize in Literature for her intense poetic prose（散文）addressing historical mental scars and exposing human life s weakness. Her unique awareness of body-soul connections and her innovative style have made her a contemporary prose pioneer.
Nobel Peace Prize
The 2024 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to Nihon Hidankyo, a grassroots Japanese organization of atomic bomb survivors. This is quite different from other awards given to individuals. It won the prize for its efforts to achieve a world free of nuclear weapons. The organization was formed by survivors of the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima（广岛）and Nagasaki（长崎）in 1945.
2.Whose contribution is vital for artificial neural connections
A. Geoffrey Hinton. B. Demis Hassabis.
C. Han Kang. D. John Hopfield.
3.What assisted scientists in solving a half-century-old problem
A. Crafting new protein types. B. Advanced machine learning.
C. AI model. D. Analyzing data properties.
4.Which prize was awarded to a group
A. Nobel Prize in Physics. B. Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
C. Nobel Prize in Literature. D. Nobel Peace Prize.
B
Virginia "Ginger" Hislop, 105, recently walked the stage at Stanford University to receive her master's degree in education for the coursework she completed in 1941.
A smiling Hislop rose to an ovation (鼓掌) on June 16 as she received her degree and master's hood at the university's Graduate School of Education diploma ceremony while her family, including her grandchildren and great-grandchildren, cheered her on.
Hislop, a native of Palo Alto, California, earned her bachelor's degree in education in 1940 from Stanford's then-School of Education with the plan of earning a master's degree so she could begin teaching. She was stimulated for an education career by her grandmother, who was a pre-Civil War educator in Kansas, and her aunt, who served as headmaster of a West Los Angeles school. However, her boyfriend at the time, George Hislop, was called to serve in World War II, so the two got married and Virginia Hislop left Stanford after completing her coursework but before handing in her thesis (论文).
Her decision to put obtaining her master's degree on hold did not pause her commitment to education. Hislop has served on the Yakima School Board of Directors, is a founding board of directors member of Yakima Community College and served for 20 years on the board of Heritage University in Toppenish, Washington. "I think I did good things for our local school system and I helped broaden it out," she told Stanford University. "For me, this degree is an appreciation of the many years I've put in working for the schools in the Yakima area and on different boards."
"I felt that all the kids should have an opportunity to develop their potential as best they could, and that everybody should have a crack at higher education if they wanted," Hislop said.
5.What happened to Hislop at Stanford University on June 16
A. She completed her master s thesis.
B. She received her master s degree in education.
C. She was praised for her service in education.
D. She was honored and included in the Hall of Fame.
6.How did World War II impact Hislop s educational pursuits
A. It led her to join the military along with her boyfriend.
B. It inspired her to become an advocate for fairness in education.
C. It caused her to move to Washington state for work opportunities.
D. It caused her to delay completing her master s degree due to marriage.
7. What can be inferred about Hislop s commitment to education
A. She was a firm advocate for equal opportunities.
B. She was not involved in education until her late age.
C. She only pursued her master s degree after retirement.
D. She actively contributed to the education system in Yakima.
8.What is the main idea of the text
A. The life story of an elderly female graduate.
B. The challenges faced by women in education.
C. The importance of pursuing higher education.
D. The recognition of a lifetime of service in education.
C
Naming hurricane
New research from the University of Illinois finds that hurricanes with female names are likely to cause more deaths than those with male names. The study examined over 60 years of hurricanes which hit the US. The results showed there were higher death tolls, on average, when the hurricanes were given a female name. This wasn’t because female-named hurricanes were any more severe; rather that people’s behavior changed.
Sharon Shavitt, one of the authors of the report, explained: “In judging the intensity of a storm, people appear to be applying their beliefs about how men and women behave. This makes a female-named hurricane, such as Belle or Candy, seem gentle and less violent.” People unconsciously say to themselves: how could I be killed by a hurricane called Candy In fact, hurricanes are named arbitrarily, and the names tell you nothing about the severity of the storm.
But, if people in the path of the storm are letting its name affect whether they take shelter, what we call it may matter more than we think. Having searched through the records, the researchers returned to the lab to test their finding experimentally. People were given a series of hypothetical(假设的) storms with male and female names and asked to make judgments about their intensity and the risk they faced. The results showed that people often regarded male-named hurricanes, like Hurricane Christopher or Hurricane Victor as more intense and riskier than the female-named ones, like Hurricane Alexandra and Hurricane Christ. Shavitt continued, “People imagining a ‘female’ hurricane were not as willing to seek shelter. The fixed ideas that underlie these judgments are subtle and not necessarily hostile toward women — they may involve viewing women as warmer and less aggressive than men.”
The fact is that until the late 1970s, hurricanes were always given female names, as they were thought to represent women’s qualities like unpredictability. This practice — and the sexist reasoning behind it — was rightly abandoned in favour of choosing between male and female. Strangely, though, what we’ve learnt is that we’d be better off naming all hurricanes after men to take advantage of people’s fixed views.
The researchers estimate that changing a severe hurricane’s name from “Eloise” to “Charles” could potentially cut the death toll by one-third. Perhaps the naming of hurricane is one specific situation where we shouldn’t worry about being sexist, if being a little sexist is going to save lives.
9.Hurricanes with female names are likely to cause more deaths because________.
A. male-named hurricanes are not terrible
B. female-named hurricanes are more severe
C. people think the female-named hurricanes are not severe
D. people prefer to challenge the male-named hurricanes
10.The underlined word “arbitrarily” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________.
A. for humor B. on purpose C. by chance D. in turn
11.It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A. future hurricanes will be named after men more often
B. being sexist in naming hurricanes helps save lives
C. sexism in naming hurricanes will be banned
D. rules of naming hurricane will be changed
D
It started during yoga class. She felt a strange pull on her neck, a sensation completely foreign to her. Her friend suggested she rush to the emergency room. It turned out that she was having a heart attack.
She didn’t look like someone of a heart attack. She exercised, did not smoke, watched her plate. But on reviewing her medical history, I found that her cholesterol (胆固醇) level was sky high. She had been prescribed a cholesterol-lowering statin (他汀) medication, but she never picked up the prescription because of the scary things she had read about statins on the internet. She was the victim of fake medical news.
While misinformation has been the object of great attention in politics, medical misinformation might have an even greater body count. As is true with fake news in general, medical lies tend to spread further than truths on the internet — and they have very real impacts.
False medical information can also lead to patients experiencing greater side effects through the “nocebo effect”. Sometimes patients benefit from certain treatment or medication simply because they believe they will. The nocebo effect is the opposite: Patients can experience negative effects just because they expect them. This is very true of statins. In blinded trials, patients who get statins are no more likely to report feeling muscle aches than patients who get a placebo (安慰剂). Yet, in clinical practice, according to one study, almost a fifth of patients taking statins report side effects, leading many to discontinue the drugs.
Silicon Valley needs to own this problem. When human health is at risk, perhaps search engines, social media platforms and websites should be held responsible for promoting or hosting fake information. The scientific community needs to do its part to educate the public about key concepts in research, such as the difference between observational studies and higher-quality randomized trials (随机对照试验).
Finally, journalists can do a better job of spreading accurate information. News sites are more likely to cover catchy observational studies than randomized controlled trials, perhaps because the latter are less likely to produce surprising results. Such coverage can overstate benefits, claiming for example, that statins could cure cancer; it can also unduly emphasize potential risks, such as suggesting a misleading connection with dementia (痴呆).
12.The lady’s experience of a heart attack is mentioned in paragraph 1 and 2 in order to _.
A. introduce the topic B. warn against a disease
C. explain an established theory D. highlight the writer’s opinion
13.Which of the following examples best illustrates the “ nocebo effect”
A. You feel better after taking the medicine that you think will work.
B. You feel dizzy after taking the medicine that you believe has side effects.
C. You have a fever after taking the medicine even if you know it is harmless.
D. You have a headache after taking the medicine even if the doctor says it’s safe.
14.According to the writer, what should journalists do
A. Use as few social media platforms as possible.
B. Educate the public about key medical ideas.
C. Report as complete a story as possible.
D. Spread more benefits than risks.
15.Which of the following is the best title of the passage
A. Doctor Internet is a Liar B. Why “ Nocebo Effect” Works
C. Watch out for Partial Coverage D. Stand up for Better Human Health
三、完形填空：本大题共10小题，共15分。
It's strange, but I don't really remember about the hurricane itself. It all happened so (16) I was sitting in my room when the roof (屋顶) just flew off. All of a sudden, there was sky where the roof had been and I was very (17) Without a roof, staying inside was really (18) . It was August, so it was really hot and it smelled so (19) everywhere! Living in the open air, we became breakfast, lunch and dinner for the mosquitos (蚊子). We had lost our home and everything in it. But as Mom kept on (20) us, we were all together and safe. Mom's words made us feel (21) I remember us all lying under the midnight sky and looking up at the stars. Even though we had lost a lot, moments like those gave us (22) for the future.
Although it was only a few days before we were (23) , it felt like months. We were taken to another town in a faraway county. Now, one year has passed and I'm back home in New Orleans. We are working together to (24) our homes and our lives. Now we have another chance to look up at the stars of New Orleans, their beauty inspiring us and giving us (25) to move on.
16.A. informally B. currently C. regularly D. quickly
17.A. pleased B. frightened C. curious D. impressive
18.A. hard B. confusing C. unique D. inspiring
19.A. sweet B. wet C. bad D. hot
20.A. watching B. improving C. ignoring D. reminding
21.A. worse B. better C. terrible D. positive
22.A. money B. hope C. time D. option
23.A. recognized B. saved C. contacted D. remembered
24.A. observe B. explore C. struggle D. rebuild
25.A. confidence B. comfort C. challenge D. direction
四、单句语法填空：本大题共8小题，共8分。
26.The drug is generally (effect) in reducing pain. (所给词的适当形式填空)
27.He soon gained a reputation for raising (aware) for good causes. （所给词的适当形式填空）
28.We are living in an age many things are done on computer. (用适当的词填空)
29.Reeve became a passionate and (energy) advocate for people with back injuries. (所给词的适当形式填空)
30.Even though Tu Youyou is not interested in fame, she has become a scientist ______ work is internationally renowned. （用适当的词填空）
31.She brought her three friends, none of I had ever met before. (用适当的词填空)
32.He wrote many children’s books, nearly half of were published in the 1990s. （用适当的词填空）
33.When (thank) the Committee for the honour, Tu Youyou said, “This is not only an honour for myself, but also (recognize) of and encouragement for all scientists in China. (所给词的适当形式填空)
五、句子翻译：本大题共5小题，共5分。
34.我们应该为保持校园整洁做贡献。(make a contribution to) (汉译英)
35.我们必修为独立和自由而奋斗。(fight for)(汉译英)
36.这是我在职业生涯中遇到的第一个困难。(定语从句) (汉译英)
37.他在支票上签了字，以支持他们的决定。(in support of)(汉译英)
38.就是你对工作的奉献值得所有人的钦佩。(强调句型)(汉译英)
六、阅读表达：本大题共1小题，共12分。
39.Telemedicine is the name for when doctors give advice to patients by telephone or the Internet, or when health care providers in rural areas connect with specialists in big cities.
Telemedicine has existed for a long time, but the rise of smart phones, tablets and webcam-equipped computers is raising telemedicine to new levels. Some health care systems in the United States now offer Virtual Urgent Care, patients see a doctor by video chat without having to leave home.
Diana Rae recently demonstrated how Virtual Urgent Care works. She used an iPad tablet and Skype — the video chat service.
Doctor Green first has the patient describe her symptoms. Then the doctor performs a physical exam by demonstrating what he wants her to do. Doctor Green decides that the problem is an infection and gives her some penicillin for medicine. He says about 3 out of 4 patients who have health problems can be treated like this — through Virtual Urgent Care, which means a video chat could substitute a visit to the doctor’s office.
Franciscan charges $35 for this kind of virtual house call, that is much less than the cost of going to an emergency room, a doctor’s office or an urgent care clinic. After trying the video conference, Diana Rae says she would be happy to pay the 35 dollars, when she was recently home with a bad cold. “I would have paid twice that for the convenience of getting taken care of without having to sit in a waiting room, wait, and get exposed to everyone else’s germs.” Rae said.
But a company official says state rules have not kept progress with development in telemedicine. The workers who provide Virtual Urgent Care must be licensed separately in each state where the company does business. For now, that means Franciscan doctors can treat patients in Washington state and California, for example, but not in neighboring Oregon or Idaho.
(1) What is helping telemedicine to rise to new stages (No more than 10 words)______________________________________
(2) What does the underlined word “substitute” mean (1 word)_____________________________________
(3) Why would Diana Rae be happy to pay Virtual Urgent Care even more (No more than 10 words)_____________________________________
(4) Why can’t Virtual Urgent Care develop fast now (No more than 10 words)_____________________________________
(5) What do you think of Virtual Urgent Care’s future Why (No more than 20 words)_____________________________________
七、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共20分。
40.假设你是李华。你的英国朋友Jim发来邮件，提到中国所取得的科技成就举世瞩目，他非常想了解一些中国科学家的光荣事迹，请你用英语给他写一封邮件，向他介绍一位你最钦佩的中国科学家，内容包括：
1.科学家的简介;
2.取得的主要成就;
3.对你的影响。
注意：1.词数不少于100;
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Li Hua
1.【答案】【小题1】
fight against
【小题2】
is regarded as
【小题3】
are picking out
【小题4】
engaged in
【小题5】
came across
2~4.【答案】A、C、D
5~8.【答案】B、D、D、D
9~11.【答案】C、C、B
12~15.【答案】A、B、C、A
16~25.【答案】D、B、A、C、D、B、B、B、D、A
26.【答案】effective
27.【答案】awareness
28.【答案】when
29.【答案】energetic
30.【答案】whose
31.【答案】whom
32.【答案】which
33.【答案】thanking
recognition
34.【答案】We should make a contribution to keeping our campus clean/We should make a contribution to keeping our campus tidy./We should make a contribution to keeping our school clean./We should make a contribution to keeping our school tidy.
35.【答案】We must fight for independence and freedom.
36.【答案】This is the first difficulty I have met in my career./This is the first difficulty that I have met in my career.
37.【答案】He signed the check in support of their decision.
38.【答案】It is your devotion to work that is worthy of all admiration./It is your devotion to work that deserves all admiration.
39.【答案】【小题1】
The rise of smartphones, tablets and webcam-equipped computers.
【小题2】
Replace
【小题3】
Because it is convenient and safe./ She doesn’t need to wait or get exposed to germs.
【小题4】
Because its workers must be licensed separately in each state./ Because the state rules have prevented it from developing fast./ Because state rules have not kept progress with development in telemedicine.
【小题5】
I think it will have a bright future/ It will develop and become very popular because it is convenient and safe and charge/ price is reasonable.
40.【答案】Dear Jim,
There are many great people who have driven social development. Among them, the one I admire most is Yuan Longping, an outstanding agricultural scientist known as the 　　“Father of Hybrid Rice”.
A few decades ago, the lack of food was one of the main problems threatening Chinese people. After years of study, Yuan Longping successfully developed the world　　’s first hybrid rice, which dramatically increased rice production. His approach to rice breeding also serves as a solution to food problems around the globe. There is no doubt that his contribution is of great significance.
His story gives me inspiration and motivates me to love science. And I would like to make contributions to it in the future.
Yours,
Li Hua
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