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UNIT 12　课时作业(二)
(分值:70分)
[基础进阶·情境运用]
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共8题;每题1分,共8分)
1.I’ll put the 　　　　(壶) on and make us some tea.
2.In s　　　　 of what happened,he never lost the will to live.
3.There will be no difficulty in the world that cannot be o　　　　.
4.The number of full-time staff in this company d　　　　 from 300 to just 50 last year.
5.In addition to his salary,he has a 　　　　(奖金) of 25 yuan per month.
6.The article advances a new 　　　　(理论) to explain changes in the climate.
7.She left the gas on by mistake and the pan 　　　　(煮) dry.
8.Imagine that you are on a space mission and that you have to sleep in zero g　　　　,help fix a satellite,and build a factory in orbit.
5.bonus　6.theory　7.boiled　8.gravity
Ⅱ.词形转换(共8题;每题1.5分,共12分)
1.Our government did what it could do to prevent the infectious disease from 　　　　 (spread).
2.The new plan for traffic control is being put into action on an 　　　　 (experiment) basis.
3.There is still room for 　　　　 (improve) in your work.
4.The title “National Civilised City” is a 　　　　(reflect) of a city as its whole civilisation level.
5.After 　　　　 (steam) for a long time,the corn can easily be pierced with a fork.
6.The first year provides students with a sound 　　　　 (theory) basis for later study.
7.For the 　　　　 (revolution) cause many martyrs left life and death out of consideration.
8.To a certain extent,the source of fuel your body uses is determined by its 　　　　 (available).
4.reflection　5.being steamed　6.theoretical　7.revolutionary　8.availability
Ⅲ.单句情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.我坐在院子里,认真思考着这个计划。(reflect on)
2.你应该变得独立,而不是依赖父母生活。(instead of)
3.此外,焦虑和担心会导致疾病。(lead to)
4.尽管困难重重,但她还是努力地去适应新环境。(in spite of)
5.我们能做些什么阻止濒危动物灭绝 (prevent...from...)
Ⅳ.语法练习——短文语法填空(共5题;每题1.5分,共7.5分)
Last Tuesday,I suddenly had a bad stomachache at night.1.　　　　　　　　 (意识到) the seriousness of my illness,my parents sent me to the hospital close to my home 2.　　　　　　　　(急忙).After careful examination,the doctors on duty said I was 3.　　　　　　　　 (需要) an operation.After the operation,I had to stay at hospital for a week.4.　　　　　　　　 (结果),I was absent from class for a week.Now I have recovered and am studying hard at school to make up for the lessons I had missed 5.　　　　　　　　　　 (在……的帮助下) the teachers and classmates.
[话题延伸·素养升华]
Ⅰ.阅读(共7题;每题2.5分,共17.5分)
A
China’s long history has seen many scientists making great contributions to the development of ancient China and even the world.We have selected several greatest scientists in ancient China and hope to help you learn more about Chinese science and technology.
Zhang Zhongjing was a Chinese physician in the Eastern Han Dynasty.He founded medication principles and summarised the medicinal experience before his time.His famous work Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases(《伤寒杂病论》) had a major influence on the practice of traditional Chinese medicine.Today,this great book is still considered very important in the practice of Chinese medicine.
Li Daoyuan was a great Chinese geographer during the Northern Wei Dynasty.He wrote the famous work Commentary on the Water Classic (《水经注》).The book is a great work on the ancient geography of China and it sums up China’s geography and its surrounding areas before Northern Wei Dynasty.
Sun Simiao was an outstanding medical scientist in the Tang Dynasty.He was called “China’s King of Medicine” for his important contributions to traditional Chinese medicine.Sun authored two books—Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies(《备急千金要方》) and Supplement to the Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold(《千金翼方》) that were both landmarks in Chinese medicine history.
Shen Kuo was a great Chinese scientist and politician of the Northern Song Dynasty.He compiled(汇编) a scientific work Dream Pool Essays (《梦溪笔谈》),which involves a lot descriptions about the animals and plants in the country.Shen also first described the magnetic needle compass,which would be used for navigation(航行).His discovery of concept of true north towards the north pole was more than four hundred years earlier than Europe.
(　　)1.What is the author’s purpose of writing this article
[A]To encourage readers to learn from these great scientists.
[B]To explain what contributes to the development of ancient China.
[C]To broaden readers’ horizons on Chinese science and technology.
[D]To introduce the great medical contributions Chinese scientists made.
(　　)2.Whose work had a great effect on the practice of traditional Chinese medicine
[A]Zhang Zhongjing’s.
[B]Li Daoyuan’s.
[C]Sun Simiao’s.
[D]Shen Kuo’s.
(　　)3.What do we know about Shen Kuo
[A]He was a Chinese physician in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
[B]He worked on the ancient geography of China.
[C]He was regarded as “China’s King of Medicine”.
[D]He described the animals and plants a lot in his work.
B
Coffee chains create a lot of waste,from disposable take-away cups to the used grounds that are sent to landfills.The world’s largest coffee chain has started to try recyclable alternatives to the disposable cups.But the used coffee is often unnoted.
The world drinks around 2 billion cups of coffee a day,producing 6 million tons of used grounds every year.When they go to landfills,the grounds release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere,contributing to global warming.
UK Bio-Bean has found a way to turn that waste into a valuable resource.At Bio-Bean,used coffee grounds are processed to remove paper cups or plastic bags,and then passed through a dryer and further screening process.They are finally processed into the fuel—Coffee Log.
“Coffee is highly calorific and lends itself to being a really fantastic fuel,” says May,director of Bio-Bean.“They burn about 20% hotter and 20% longer than wood logs do.”
　　While these fuels release greenhouse gases when burnt,if they replace other carbon-based fuels,Bio-Bean estimates that the recycling process reduces emissions (排放) by 80% compared with sending the grounds to landfills.
Founded in 2013,Bio-Bean grew rapidly,launching coffee collection services across the UK and building the world’s first coffee recycling factory only two years later.In 2016 they launched their first product,Coffee Log,and are now ready to launch their first natural flavouring ingredient into the food and drink industry.
　　“We’ve really managed to succeed with our innovation because we’ve managed to get to scale.What started as a good idea is today the UK’s largest recycler of coffee grounds.We are turning 7,000 tons of those grounds per year into the fuel,” says George May.“Despite being delayed by the pandemic,we plan to expand our operation into northwestern Europe within the next five years.”
(　　)4.What do the first two paragraphs suggest
[A]It’s necessary to limit coffee consumption.
[B]Drinking coffee is popular around the world.
[C]Measures should be taken to recycle coffee waste.
[D]Coffee grounds are the main cause of global warming.
(　　)5.What is the Bio-Bean’s Coffee Log
[A]A solid fuel.
[B]A natural food.
[C]A cup of hot coffee.
[D]A tree trunk.
(　　)6.What do we know about Bio-Bean
[A]It is a high-tech company with a long history.
[B]It is a promising recycler of coffee grounds.
[C]It is started to produce coffee and fuels.
[D]It’s developing faster than before.
(　　)7.What does the underlined phrase “get to scale” in the last paragraph mean
[A]Give accurate measurement.
[B]Cover a wide range.
[C]Do mass production.
[D]Classify different grades.
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15题;每题1分,共15分)
As the Chinese saying goes,“A seed can change the world;a variety can benefit a nation.”
Zhang Daorong,who has spent many years 　1　 13 new varieties of wheat and contributing to national food security,has done both.The woman,who is called the “mother of wheat”,is a 　2　 at the Xiangyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Xiangyang City.
The research into new varieties requires strict standards and 　3　 experiments.“The first 　4　 is to find suitable parental types for a specific cultivation purpose.Then we try a hybrid combination,” Zhang explained.“After several generations of 　5　 and selection,and when characteristics remain stable,we 　6　 a two-year process of yield testing and disease identification.” And after several more rounds of tests,a(n) 　7　 for evaluation and approval can be made for market production.
“Generally speaking,a good new 　8　 should produce high yields,have stable production,and 　9　 good resistance to bad conditions,” she added.“ 　10　,it also should be accepted by the market.”
Zhang added that the team　11　 70,000 to 80,000 seedlings (幼苗) each year.All year round they were busy with 　12　 experiments on the growth of the new seedlings and making records and analyses.
“Agricultural research work is　13　 and complicated.Sometimes your efforts do not 　14　.All we can do then is think more,discuss more and find 　15　 on the land,” she said.
(　　)1.[A]advertising [B]cultivating
[C]discussing [D]observing
(　　)2.[A]journalist [B]teacher
[C]researcher [D]manager
(　　)3.[A]precise [B]efficient
[C]simple [D]expensive
(　　)4.[A]way [B]attempt
[C]step [D]question
(　　)5.[A]encouragement [B]support
[C]management [D]trial
(　　)6.[A]begin [B]continue
[C]follow [D]repeat
(　　)7.[A]practice [B]application
[C]declaration [D]invitation
(　　)8.[A]environment [B]machine
[C]farmland [D]variety
(　　)9.[A]produce [B]enhance
[C]show [D]develop
(　　)10.[A]Besides [B]However
[C]Therefore [D]Otherwise
(　　)11.[A]watered [B]bought
[C]protected [D]planted
(　　)12.[A]reporting [B]designing
[C]conducting [D]studying
(　　)13.[A]normal [B]tough
[C]varied [D]specific
(　　)14.[A]end up [B]run out
[C]break up [D]pay off
(　　)15.[A]answers [B]comfort
[C]dreams [D]courageUNIT 12　课时作业(三)
(分值:60分)
[基础进阶·情境运用]
Ⅰ.语境填词(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.There were 　　　　(mass) of people in the shops yesterday.
2.These advertisements 　　　　(specific) target children.
3.The activities of credit companies 　　　　(regulate) by law.
4.This perfectly 　　　　(preserve) 14th-century house is worth a visit.
5.The expedition was wrecked by bad planning and poor 　　　　 (navigate).
6.The company produces 　　　　 (mechanic) parts for airplane engines.
7.There was a huge bang as if someone 　　　　(explode) a rocket outside.
8.　　　　 (electric) provides us with warmth and light and all our modern home comforts.
9.At the end,it proved the 　　　　 (accurate) and feasibility of the method with an example.
10.The book 　　　　 (illustrate) with photographs of animals is popular among little children.
【答案】 1.masses　2.specifically　3.are regulated
4.preserved　5.navigation　6.mechanical
7.had exploded　8.Electricity　9.accuracy
10.illustrated
Ⅱ.单句情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.我们应该保护儿童免受伤害。(preserve...from...)
2.许多家长批评他们的孩子严重依赖电子产品。(rely on)
3.直到去年八月我们才有机会参观这个景点。(It’s not until...that...)
4.互联网让我们很容易与朋友和家人保持联系,即使他们在世界的两端。(make it+adj.+to do sth.)
5.如果你昨晚没看那部电影,你现在就不会这么困了。(错综时间条件句)
【答案】 1.We should preserve children from being hurt.
2.Many parents criticise that their children rely heavily on electronic products.
3.It was not until last August that we had a chance to visit this tourist attraction.
4.The Internet makes it easy for us to keep connected with friends and family even if they are on opposite sides of the world.
5.If you hadn’t seen that movie last night,you wouldn’t be so sleepy now.
[话题延伸·素养升华]
Ⅰ.阅读(共8题;每题2.5分,共20分)
A
Scientists in England are using two self-directed water vehicles to explore the animal and plant life of the Celtic Sea.
The Celtic Sea is a body of water off the southern coast of Ireland.The area is known for its unusual sea life.Scientists want to know why sea creatures are so attracted to this part of the Atlantic Ocean.
One of the research vehicles is powered by batteries(电池).It collects information for the National Oceanography Centre in Southampton,England,and the WWF(World Wide Fund for Nature).The vehicle’s low energy requirements permit it to stay floating on water for up to 30 days.Reports of what it finds in the Celtic Sea are sent by satellite.
Stephen Woodward is an engineer who helped design the vehicle.He says the vehicle has equipment that can discover small organisms called zooplankton(浮游动物) and fish.He adds that other sensing equipment measures water currents and other features of sea life.The vehicle also creates a map of the sea.
Another vehicle is powered by the sun and the wind.It can stay floating on water for months.The robotic vehicle sends information about the so called biodiversity hotspots.A biodiversity hotspot is an area of an ocean that has a lot of plant and animal life activity.
Lavinia Suberg is one of the scientists studying the Celtic Sea.She says productive ocean areas,like the Celtic Sea,attract zooplankton.The zooplankton then attracts fish.She adds that areas with a large increase of fish often attract sea mammals and birds.
Using these robotic ocean vehicles greatly reduces the cost of exploring the sea with manned laboratories.Scientists can spend more time analysing the collected information.They say the research will give them a better understanding of the needs of the Celtic Sea for future management and protection.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了英国科学家利用机器人式水上工具探索凯尔特海,旨在弄清为什么有如此多的动植物生活在该海域。
(　　)1.Why do the British scientists explore the Celtic Sea
[A]To study the geography of the sea.
[B]To learn why the sea is rich in sea life.
[C]To test their self-directed water vehicles.
[D]To learn about the sea creatures in the sea.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知,英国科学家研究该海域的目的是弄清为什么该海域会如此吸引海洋生物。故选B。
(　　)2.What can we know about the water vehicles according to the text
[A]They are controlled directly by humans.
[B]They work depending on the map of the sea.
[C]They can send the information back directly.
[D]They can keep floating on water for a long time.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The vehicle’s low energy...water for up to 30 days.”和第五段中的“It can stay floating on water for months.”可知,水上工具能在海中漂浮很久。故选D。
(　　)3.What do we know about the sea mammals and birds according to Lavinia Suberg
[A]They are afraid of living alone.
[B]They mainly feed on zooplankton.
[C]They like to live in warm ocean areas.
[D]They are especially interested in fish.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知,海洋哺乳动物和鸟类对鱼很感兴趣。故选D。
(　　)4.What is the last paragraph mainly about
[A]The aim of sea exploration.
[B] The cost of exploring the sea.
[C]The importance of the water vehicles.
[D]Ways to deal with the collected information.
【答案】 C
【解析】 段落大意题。通读最后一段尤其是根据段中的“greatly reduces”“spend more time”和“a better understanding”可知,本段旨在介绍机器人式水上工具在海洋探索中的重要性。故选C。
B
A do-it-yourself device could help to unlock the next generation of solar energy,including advanced technology for space missions.Dr Jamie Laird,a research fellow at the ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science,has invented a new device for testing the shortcomings of perovskite(钙钛矿) solar cells,the first of its kind anywhere in the world.
Perovskite solar cells that can match silicon (硅) for efficiency are cheaper to manufacture and more flexible,but they haven’t become commercially available yet,because they are still too unstable when exposed to heat,light and oxygen.That’s where Jamie’s device comes in.With a combination of a microscope and a special laser (激光器),it produces pictures and maps of the drawbacks within solar cells and tells scientists where the cells are losing power or efficiency over time and use.It also provides data to indicate why.
The innovative technique starting life as a personal project for Jamie was originally intended to analyse minerals.When he joined Exciton Science,Jamie realised his device would be a perfect tool to help his colleagues and other leading solar cell researchers around the world to better understand the frustrating issues that have kept perovskite from meeting their exciting promise.
“We use a laser beam and we focus on a spot and scan across the device to measure the quality of the solar cell.This new method allows us to do imaging analysis of the whole or complete solar cells and look at how they perform,how they change with time and aging,and how good a solar cell it is,” Jamie said.
“You can’t have a solar cell that decomposes quickly when it’s meant to last 20 years in the field,” Jamie added.“This is a missing link in the whole of techniques we have to throw at that problem.”
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以发展太阳能、可能帮助解锁下一代太阳能电池的新设备。
(　　)5.What is the shortcoming of perovskite solar cell
[A]It’s very expensive.
[B]Its efficiency is low.
[C]Its production is complex.
[D]It’s unstable under certain conditions.
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据第二段第一句“Perovskite solar cells that can match silicon (硅) for efficiency...because they are still too unstable when exposed to heat,light and oxygen.”可知,钙钛矿太阳能电池的缺点是在某些条件下是不稳定的。故选D。
(　　)6.What was Jamie’s initial purpose of inventing the device
[A]To find new materials.
[B]To help his colleagues.
[C]To conduct mineral analysis.
[D]To study solar energy technology.
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据第三段第一句“The innovative technique starting life as a personal project for Jamie was originally intended to analyse minerals.”可知,这项创新技术最初是Jamie的个人项目,目的是分析矿物质。故选C。
(　　)7.Which can replace the underlined word “decomposes” in the last paragraph
[A]Gets away. [B]Breaks down.
[C]Takes in. [D]Sets off.
【答案】 B
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据画线词所在句中的“when it’s meant to last 20 years in the field”可知,太阳能电池被普遍认为能在野外存在20年,所以它没有那么快分解。因此画线词意为“分解”。故选B。
(　　)8.What is the text mainly about
[A]A scientist who invented a new device.
[B]The most suitable material for solar energy.
[C]Certain drawbacks of perovskite solar cells.
[D]A new device that can develop solar power.
【答案】 D
【解析】 主旨大意题。根据第一段的内容以及下文的介绍可知,文章介绍了一种可以发展太阳能的新设备。故选D。
Ⅱ.七选五(共5题;每题2.5分,共12.5分)
Virtually, there is nothing that man cannot do.Only what he has to do is keep doing and doing without being discouraged.Success will come someday or other, though it may apparently be the conception about something that it cannot be done.1.　　　 But the reality is that man’s success depends on whether he can do the toughest tasks successfully.It is because our life is complicated and tough.And to succeed in this tough battle, perseverance and hard work are a must.2.　　　 We can prove this fact when we look at the reality of life and the history of man’s success.Perseverance helps us do what we otherwise would consider impossible to do.
What the world-famous scientist Sir Isaac Newton had done by twelve years’ constant hard work was burnt out by his pet dog.But that could not discourage him a little.3.　　　 It is only for his undefeated perseverance that we have been able to have many inventions and discoveries.
4.　　　 He went through thick and thin to reach his destination after months of the strenuous (艰苦的) voyage on the sea.He discovered the way from Spain to America and offered the world a new route of communication with America.This outcome of his perseverance will be generated by the world forever.
All the great men in history have written their names in golden letters by means of perseverance.5.　　　 If we all are perseverant in whatever we do, we are sure to stand out as a successful person in the near future.
A.Every action has its reaction.
B.It is a unique precondition to success in life.
C.In human life, perseverance plays a very important role.
D.Their success will always remain as perfect examples to us.
E.Columbus has left us an adventurous story of perseverance.
F.The task that is easily done at the first attempt is undoubtedly very easy.
G.He was able to do it again through years of hard work and perseverance.
【语篇导读】 本文是议论文。文章通过列举牛顿、哥伦布的经历,论述了在通向成功的道路上坚持不懈的重要性。
1.【答案】 F
【解析】 根据空后句可知,此处说明人能否成功在于是否能够成功地完成最难的任务,F项与下文为转折关系,选项中的task与下文中的tasks相呼应,故选F。
2.【答案】 B
【解析】 根据空前句可知,毅力和努力是成功的必要条件,B项能够衔接上文,选项中的It正是指代上文中的“毅力和努力”这一先决条件,故选B。
3.【答案】 G
【解析】 根据空前句可知,此处是说牛顿12年努力的成果被他的爱犬给烧毁了,G项能够衔接上文,选项中的He正是指代上文中的Sir Isaac Newton,选项中的do it again与前文呼应,故选G。
4.【答案】 E
【解析】 根据下文可知,此处提到的人物是个航海家,E项符合本段语境,下文中的He指代的正是E项中的Columbus,下文则是阐述了哥伦布的冒险经历及其意义,故选E。
5.【答案】 D
【解析】 根据空前句可知,成就大事业的人都具备坚韧不拔的毅力,D项衔接上文,D项中的Their正是指代上文中的All the great men,故选D。
Ⅲ.语法填空(共5题;每题1.5分,共7.5分)
Is there anything nicer than a cooling ice cream on a hot summer’s day
This 1.　　　　 (freeze) dessert is old,but our tastes and consumer habits are changing.How is the ice cream production process changing,and who is driving it
The recipe is simple,just a 2.　　　　 (combine) of milk,sugar and fat.But the process is complex,3.　　　　 demands time and energy to get the materials mixed,heated and then cooled.Designers are working 4.　　　　(improve) the production process with new equipment.For now,5.　　　　,even with the help of robots,it can take up to two years from testing a new treat to being available to consumers.
So,what new things can we expect It is millennial (千禧年的) consumers who are driving interest 6.　　　　 more flavours.They say the tastes for today’s ice cream products 7.　　　　 (limit) only by our imagination.But according to Elsebeth Baungaard,8.　　　　 expert in economy,the next trend will be 9.　　　　 (little) about innovation and more about size.“I’m sorry to say it’s 10.　　　　 (simple) reducing in size”,she says,“but the quality will be higher.”
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了当代社会冰激凌改良相关的情况。
1.【答案】 frozen　
【解析】 考查过去分词。句意:这种冷冻甜点存在已久,但我们的口味和消费者习惯正在改变。分析句子可知,动词freeze与被修饰的名词dessert构成动宾关系,因此应用过去分词形式,作定语。故填frozen。
2.【答案】 combination　
【解析】 考查名词。句意:食谱很简单,只是牛奶、糖和脂肪的组合。分析句子可知,空前有不定冠词a修饰,应用可数名词单数形式。故填combination。
3.【答案】 which　
【解析】 考查关系代词。句意:但这个过程很复杂,需要时间和能量来混合、加热和冷却材料。分析句子可知,空处应用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句,指代先行词the process,在从句中作主语。故填which。
4.【答案】 to improve　
【解析】 考查不定式。句意:设计师们正在努力用新设备改进生产过程。分析句子可知,动词improve应用不定式形式,作目的状语。故填to improve。
5.【答案】 however　
【解析】 考查副词。句意:然而,就目前而言,即使在机器人的帮助下,从测试一种新的冰激凌到向消费者提供这种冰激凌,可能需要长达两年的时间。分析句意可知,空处应用副词however表转折。故填however。
6.【答案】 in　
【解析】 考查介词。句意:正是千禧一代的消费者对更多口味产生了兴趣。固定搭配interest in,意为“对……的兴趣”,因此空处应用介词in。故填in。
7.【答案】 are limited　
【解析】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:他们说,今天冰激凌产品的口味仅受我们想象力的限制。分析句子可知,动词limit与主语the tastes构成动宾关系,主语为复数,且表示现状,故应用一般现在时的被动语态,助动词用are。故填are limited。
8.【答案】 an　
【解析】 考查冠词。句意:但根据经济专家Elsebeth Baungaard的说法,下一个趋势将不再是创新,而是更多地关注尺寸。分析句子可知,空后的名词expert为可数名词单数,且以元音音素开头,故空处应用不定冠词an。故填an。
9.【答案】 less　
【解析】 考查形容词比较级。句意同上。分析语境可知,下文size使用了比较级more修饰,因此形容词little 也应用比较级形式,作表语。故填less。
10.【答案】 simply　
【解析】 考查副词。句意:她说:“很抱歉,它只是缩小了尺寸,但质量会更高。”分析句子可知,修饰动词reducing应用副词形式,作状语。故填simply。UNIT 12　单元知识巩固练习
(分值:86分)
[基础进阶·情境运用]
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共8题;每题1分,共8分)
1.A fund was l　　　　 to set up a monument in memory of the dead.
2.In other words,the meaning lies in the Confucian classic 　　　　 (理论) of mind.
3.We must be confident and believe that we are 　　　　 (有天赋的) for something.
4.We need to carry out a proper 　　　　 (评估) of the new system.
5.It was 　　　　(提出) that this matter be considered at the next meeting.
6.The main topic of conversation was the likely o　　　　 of the election.
7.M　　　　 of people gave freely in response to the appeal for the victims of the earthquake.
8.Professors,for the most part,are firmly c　　　　 to teaching,not research.
4.evaluation　5.proposed　6.outcome
7.Millions　8.committed
Ⅱ.词形转换(共8题;每题1.5分,共12分)
1.Having been told about the risk of 　　　　(electricity) shocks,she is very careful while using hairdryers.
2.A lack of 　　　　(science) knowledge can make a person ignorant.
3.Newton was a famous 　　　　(physics),who discovered three important laws.
4.His interest in writing came from a long 　　　　(correspond) with a close college friend.
5.The relations between the two countries have shown some 　　　　 (improve).
6.Young people in China today have their own strengths,as they are ambitious,　　　　(innovate) and also willing to contribute.
7.To improve learning 　　　　 (efficient),students must spend more time focusing on what they are weak in.
8.As the finished 　　　　(produce) was not correctly priced,it didn’t sell well.
Ⅲ.选词填空(共8题;每题1.5分,共12分)
be associated with,be dedicated to,for the purpose of,reflect on,not to mention,lead to,rely on,figure out
1.You can 　　　　　　　　 him to help you whenever you are in trouble.
2.You should 　　　　　　　　 this problem before you make a decision.
3.China will continue to 　　　　　　　　 a low-carbon society.
4.Individual diversity will 　　　　　　　　 different results in second language learning.
5.Instead of getting annoyed about this,we should try to 　　　　　　　　 what to do.
6.In the past few years,the smell of baking 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that little alley.
7.A special period should be set aside solely 　　　　　　　　　　　　 carrying out an inspection.
8.There’s no electricity,running water or even textbooks,　　　　　　　　 laptops,tablets or other modern devices!
4.lead to　5.figure out　6.has been associated with　7.for the purpose of　
8.not to mention
Ⅳ.单句情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.尽管他很忙,他还是来车站接我们。(despite the fact that)
2.我刚从厨房出来就有人敲门。(had done...when...)
3.在日本,看到别人做这个“OK”手势的人可能会认为这意味着钱。(现在分词短语作宾语补足语)
4.没有你的帮助,我不会在英语学习上取得这么大的进步。(without;虚拟语气)
5.上周末我们学校组织了一次采摘活动,这次活动让我们体验了乡村生活。(which引导非限制性定语从句)
Ⅴ.单元语法填空(共6题;每题1.5分,共9分)
My school is located in the 1.　　　　 (south) part of our city.There are many flowers and trees 2.　　　　 the schoolyard,so it is very 3.　　　　(beauty).It has three five-storey teaching buildings,two six-storey student dormitories,a three-storey office building and a laboratory building.The newly-built canteen is 4.　　　　 the back of the school.The 300-metre-long and 200-metre-wide playground is where we exercise.The students study
5.　　　　 (diligent),help each other and get along well.The teachers care for the students and are 6.　　　　 (dedicate) to their work.I like my school very much.
[话题延伸·素养升华]
Ⅰ.阅读(共8题;每题2.5分,共20分)
A
In 2018,China became the largest producer and consumer of the fruit in the world.Wu Mingzhu,in her nineties,a native of Wuhan,is the unknown hero who has helped make this possible.
“About 80 percent of the watermelons and sweet melons served at people’s dining tables every day are the result of painful efforts made by Wu and her team over more than 60 years,”said Zhang Wenjun,a colleague of Wu’s.
Helping others has long been a dream of hers.And she thought the most beautiful thing in life is that everything you create can serve the people,so she made efforts to grow quality melons,which began paying off in 1973.She is one of the 8,000 agricultural scientists who have come to Hainan annually from across the country over the past 60 years and have cultivated(培育) more than 20,000 of China’s new seed varieties through offseason breeding.
Using innovative measures such as radiation mutation breeding,double haploid breeding and distant hybridisation breeding,Wu and her team developed new germ-plasm(种质) resources,from which they cultivated more than 30 watermelon and muskmelon(甜瓜) varieties with better adaptability and stronger disease resistance,the former director of the Xinjiang Muskmelon Research Centre said.
The new melon varieties have been promoted to more than 1.86 million hectares of fields from north to south.Some of these varieties have been promoted overseas,as far as California.
Wu’s work has left her a number of honours.The “queen of melons” became an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering in 1999 and an honorary citizen of Sanya in 2004.
(　　)1.Why did Wu Mingzhu mainly want to grow high-end melons
[A]Because she wanted to make China the largest producer of melons.
[B]Because China is the largest consumer of melons in the world.
[C]Because she wanted to create something that could serve people.
[D]Because the Chinese government asked her to grow high quality melons.
(　　)2.What can we learn about from Paragraph 4
[A]Wu and her team cultivated melon varieties that could resist every disease.
[B]Wu and her team cultivated high quality melons from the new germ-plasm resources.
[C]Wu and her team cultivated 30 watermelon varieties from radiation mutation breeding.
[D]Wu and her team cultivated melon varieties that could adapt to any circumstance.
(　　)3.Which of the following about Wu Mingzhu cannot be inferred from the text
[A]She has cultivated more than 20,000 of China’s new seed varieties.
[B]She is committed to her work and makes remarkable achievements.
[C]She helped make China the largest producer of fruit in the world in 2018.
[D]She is awarded a number of honorary titles due to her contributions.
(　　)4.What type is the text
[A]A diary entry.
[B]A book review.
[C]A physicist’s story.
[D]A news report.
B
The home of the future won’t be completely different and we will be living in houses and flats just as we do today.But people will want to shape their homes to match their dreams.No two homes will be the same.People will be able to buy “house kits” containing a basic house structure,with movable walls,doors and windows.They will put together the different parts to create the homes they want.
Many jobs that we do today will disappear,others will still exist but will change and new jobs will be created.Skilled workers such as builders,gardeners and electricians won’t disappear because machines can’t replace them.Teachers will still exist because students need human contact.But they will be using modern technology in class more and students will be working more from home.The medical technology revolution and space travel will create new jobs which we can only imagine today.
Space holidays will develop in the future,but these holidays won’t be for everyone because they won’t be cheap.Short space trips will develop first,then space hotels will orbit Earth where it will be possible to have a longer vacation.By the end of the next century,there will be holiday centres on the Moon with leisure facilities for families.
Paper won’t exist in the future.Instead,there will be e-paper which people will be able to use over and over again.This will develop in order to save natural resources.E-newspapers and e-magazines will replace traditional newspapers and magazines and we will download information and news articles from the Internet every day onto our reusable paper.
The laws of physics tell us that Earth is going to disappear sometime in the future.This isn’t going to happen tomorrow but scientists predict that it will happen in five billion years when our sun explodes (爆炸).We will have to explore the universe and find another home.At some point in the distant future,either we stay on Earth and die with it,or we leave and move to another planet.There won’t be any other choice.
(　　)5.What will homes of the future be like
[A]They will be movable as you want.
[B]They will be different from one another.
[C]They will be very similar to our homes.
[D]They will be completely different from those of today.
(　　)6.What does the second paragraph imply
[A]Skilled workers will face great changes.
[B]The future will witness job changes.
[C]Technology will totally replace workforce.
[D]An unimaginable life will come into being.
(　　)7.Why will e-paper replace traditional paper
[A]Because young people like it.
[B]Because it will be cheaper to produce.
[C]Because it will be convenient to carry.
[D]Because it won’t waste natural resources.
(　　)8.Why will we have to move to another planet
[A]Because Earth will explode.
[B]Because we want to live a better life.
[C]Because we want to save ourselves.
[D]Because Earth is too crowded to live on.
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15题;每题1分,共15分)
When I started the Fit Nation programme,I was a big guy.Seven months later,I’m still a big guy.I’ve run endless miles,biked endless hills and swum endless laps.Is there　1　 of me Yes.Am I fitter Yes.Am I healthier 　2　.But am I finished NO WAY!
There has been quite a debate ranging in recent years about　3　 you can be “fat and fit”.There’s no easy answer to that question.Perhaps the answer varies from person to person as our goals 　4　.
Over the years,everyone in the Fit Nation family has achieved great success,but in many cases,the pounds don’t always dramatically　5　.We’ve all gained strength and improved our cardiovascular (心血管的) health,but I never 　6　 this as a weight-loss programme.At least for me,the real changes have been in my body (more muscles and less fat),my overall endurance and my mental 　7　.
I’ve learnt that being healthy is ultimately about being honest with myself.It’s about being honest about what I can accomplish and what I can　8　 to accomplish in the short term and in the long term.While I’m 　9　 now than I was at the beginning of the year,I still have improvements to make and fitness to 　10　.I hope to continue making gains for the rest of my life.
Setting goals is really pretty simple when you think about it.A　11　 is something for which you’re willing to work.And you get what you want by planning and putting that plan into 　12　.I have more goals to set and more success to 　13　.
The only true measure of my accomplishment is how far I’ve come and how much farther I have to go.Most　14　,I’ve come to understand that fitness is a journey and not a 　15　.
[文章脉络]
When I started the Fit Nation programme,I was a big guy.
There has been quite a debate about whether you can be “fat and fit”.
Over the years,everyone in the Fit Nation family has achieved great success.
For me,the real changes have been in my body,my overall endurance and my mental toughness.
I have more goals to set and more success to achieve.
Most importantly,I’ve come to understand that fitness is a journey and not a destination.
(　　)1.[A]more [B]less
[C]bigger [D]worse
(　　)2.[A]Early [B]Naturally
[C]Absolutely [D]Fortunately
(　　)3.[A]whose [B]whether
[C]that [D]what
(　　)4.[A]change [B]score
[C]achieve [D]set
(　　)5.[A]have [B]show
[C]disappear [D]turn
(　　)6.[A]thought of [B]looked out
[C]turned to [D]gave up
(　　)7.[A]sadness [B]happiness
[C]toughness [D]kindness
(　　)8.[A]allow [B]consider
[C]avoid [D]expect
(　　)9.[A]bigger [B]happier
[C]fatter [D]healthier
(　　)10.[A]gain [B]know
[C]take [D]give
(　　)11.[A]result [B]plan
[C]reason [D]goal
(　　)12.[A]fiction [B]words
[C]action [D]situation
(　　)13.[A]help [B]achieve
[C]give [D]notice
(　　)14.[A]importantly [B]fortunately
[C]likely [D]patiently
(　　)15.[A]decision [B]determination
[C]description [D]destinationUNIT 12　课时作业(二)
(分值:70分)
[基础进阶·情境运用]
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共8题;每题1分,共8分)
1.I’ll put the 　　　　(壶) on and make us some tea.
2.In s　　　　 of what happened,he never lost the will to live.
3.There will be no difficulty in the world that cannot be o　　　　.
4.The number of full-time staff in this company d　　　　 from 300 to just 50 last year.
5.In addition to his salary,he has a 　　　　(奖金) of 25 yuan per month.
6.The article advances a new 　　　　(理论) to explain changes in the climate.
7.She left the gas on by mistake and the pan 　　　　(煮) dry.
8.Imagine that you are on a space mission and that you have to sleep in zero g　　　　,help fix a satellite,and build a factory in orbit.
【答案】 1.kettle　2.spite　3.overcome　4.declined
5.bonus　6.theory　7.boiled　8.gravity
Ⅱ.词形转换(共8题;每题1.5分,共12分)
1.Our government did what it could do to prevent the infectious disease from 　　　　 (spread).
2.The new plan for traffic control is being put into action on an 　　　　 (experiment) basis.
3.There is still room for 　　　　 (improve) in your work.
4.The title “National Civilised City” is a 　　　　(reflect) of a city as its whole civilisation level.
5.After 　　　　 (steam) for a long time,the corn can easily be pierced with a fork.
6.The first year provides students with a sound 　　　　 (theory) basis for later study.
7.For the 　　　　 (revolution) cause many martyrs left life and death out of consideration.
8.To a certain extent,the source of fuel your body uses is determined by its 　　　　 (available).
【答案】 1.spreading　2.experimental　3.improvement
4.reflection　5.being steamed　6.theoretical　7.revolutionary　8.availability
Ⅲ.单句情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.我坐在院子里,认真思考着这个计划。(reflect on)
2.你应该变得独立,而不是依赖父母生活。(instead of)
3.此外,焦虑和担心会导致疾病。(lead to)
4.尽管困难重重,但她还是努力地去适应新环境。(in spite of)
5.我们能做些什么阻止濒危动物灭绝 (prevent...from...)
【答案】 1.I’m sitting in the yard,reflecting on the plan.
2.Instead of living off your parents,you should become independent.
3.In addition,anxiety and worry can lead to sickness.
4.In spite of difficulties,she still tried to adapt to the new environment.
5.What can we do to prevent the endangered animals from dying out
Ⅳ.语法练习——短文语法填空(共5题;每题1.5分,共7.5分)
Last Tuesday,I suddenly had a bad stomachache at night.1.　　　　　　　　 (意识到) the seriousness of my illness,my parents sent me to the hospital close to my home 2.　　　　　　　　(急忙).After careful examination,the doctors on duty said I was 3.　　　　　　　　 (需要) an operation.After the operation,I had to stay at hospital for a week.4.　　　　　　　　 (结果),I was absent from class for a week.Now I have recovered and am studying hard at school to make up for the lessons I had missed 5.　　　　　　　　　　 (在……的帮助下) the teachers and classmates.
【答案】 1.Aware of　2.in a hurry　3.in need of　4.As a result　5.with the help of
[话题延伸·素养升华]
Ⅰ.阅读(共7题;每题2.5分,共17.5分)
A
China’s long history has seen many scientists making great contributions to the development of ancient China and even the world.We have selected several greatest scientists in ancient China and hope to help you learn more about Chinese science and technology.
Zhang Zhongjing was a Chinese physician in the Eastern Han Dynasty.He founded medication principles and summarised the medicinal experience before his time.His famous work Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases(《伤寒杂病论》) had a major influence on the practice of traditional Chinese medicine.Today,this great book is still considered very important in the practice of Chinese medicine.
Li Daoyuan was a great Chinese geographer during the Northern Wei Dynasty.He wrote the famous work Commentary on the Water Classic (《水经注》).The book is a great work on the ancient geography of China and it sums up China’s geography and its surrounding areas before Northern Wei Dynasty.
Sun Simiao was an outstanding medical scientist in the Tang Dynasty.He was called “China’s King of Medicine” for his important contributions to traditional Chinese medicine.Sun authored two books—Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies(《备急千金要方》) and Supplement to the Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold(《千金翼方》) that were both landmarks in Chinese medicine history.
Shen Kuo was a great Chinese scientist and politician of the Northern Song Dynasty.He compiled(汇编) a scientific work Dream Pool Essays (《梦溪笔谈》),which involves a lot descriptions about the animals and plants in the country.Shen also first described the magnetic needle compass,which would be used for navigation(航行).His discovery of concept of true north towards the north pole was more than four hundred years earlier than Europe.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了中国古代四位伟大的科学家以及他们的主要成就,希望能帮助读者更多地了解中国的科学技术。
(　　)1.What is the author’s purpose of writing this article
[A]To encourage readers to learn from these great scientists.
[B]To explain what contributes to the development of ancient China.
[C]To broaden readers’ horizons on Chinese science and technology.
[D]To introduce the great medical contributions Chinese scientists made.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句可知,作者写这篇文章的主要目的是希望能帮助读者更多地了解中国的科学技术。故选C。
(　　)2.Whose work had a great effect on the practice of traditional Chinese medicine
[A]Zhang Zhongjing’s.
[B]Li Daoyuan’s.
[C]Sun Simiao’s.
[D]Shen Kuo’s.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段的第三句可知,张仲景的著作《伤寒杂病论》对中医实践产生了重大影响。故选A。
(　　)3.What do we know about Shen Kuo
[A]He was a Chinese physician in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
[B]He worked on the ancient geography of China.
[C]He was regarded as “China’s King of Medicine”.
[D]He described the animals and plants a lot in his work.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的第二句可知,沈括编写了一部科学著作《梦溪笔谈》,其中涉及很多关于动植物的描述。故选D。
B
Coffee chains create a lot of waste,from disposable take-away cups to the used grounds that are sent to landfills.The world’s largest coffee chain has started to try recyclable alternatives to the disposable cups.But the used coffee is often unnoted.
The world drinks around 2 billion cups of coffee a day,producing 6 million tons of used grounds every year.When they go to landfills,the grounds release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere,contributing to global warming.
UK Bio-Bean has found a way to turn that waste into a valuable resource.At Bio-Bean,used coffee grounds are processed to remove paper cups or plastic bags,and then passed through a dryer and further screening process.They are finally processed into the fuel—Coffee Log.
“Coffee is highly calorific and lends itself to being a really fantastic fuel,” says May,director of Bio-Bean.“They burn about 20% hotter and 20% longer than wood logs do.”
　　While these fuels release greenhouse gases when burnt,if they replace other carbon-based fuels,Bio-Bean estimates that the recycling process reduces emissions (排放) by 80% compared with sending the grounds to landfills.
Founded in 2013,Bio-Bean grew rapidly,launching coffee collection services across the UK and building the world’s first coffee recycling factory only two years later.In 2016 they launched their first product,Coffee Log,and are now ready to launch their first natural flavouring ingredient into the food and drink industry.
　　“We’ve really managed to succeed with our innovation because we’ve managed to get to scale.What started as a good idea is today the UK’s largest recycler of coffee grounds.We are turning 7,000 tons of those grounds per year into the fuel,” says George May.“Despite being delayed by the pandemic,we plan to expand our operation into northwestern Europe within the next five years.”
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了英国的Bio-Bean 公司回收咖啡渣垃圾,将其开发成咖啡原木燃料,达到了规模化量产,保护了环境。
(　　)4.What do the first two paragraphs suggest
[A]It’s necessary to limit coffee consumption.
[B]Drinking coffee is popular around the world.
[C]Measures should be taken to recycle coffee waste.
[D]Coffee grounds are the main cause of global warming.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Coffee chains create a lot of waste...that are sent to landfills.”以及第二段第二句“When they go to landfills...contributing to global warming.”可推知,前两段指出,咖啡垃圾导致的污染和全球变暖问题已经到了刻不容缓的地步,必须要采取措施来解决这个问题。故选C。
(　　)5.What is the Bio-Bean’s Coffee Log
[A]A solid fuel.
[B]A natural food.
[C]A cup of hot coffee.
[D]A tree trunk.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“They are finally processed into the fuel—Coffee Log.”以及第四段中的“Coffee is highly calorific and lends itself to being a really fantastic fuel”可知,咖啡本身就可以作为燃料,Bio-Bean公司将咖啡渣加工成类似于原木的燃料,因此,咖啡原木是一种固体燃料。故选A。
(　　)6.What do we know about Bio-Bean
[A]It is a high-tech company with a long history.
[B]It is a promising recycler of coffee grounds.
[C]It is started to produce coffee and fuels.
[D]It’s developing faster than before.
【答案】 B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Founded in 2013,Bio-Bean grew rapidly...building the world’s first coffee recycling factory only two years later.”以及最后一段中的“What started as a good idea is today the UK’s largest recycler of coffee grounds.”可知,Bio-Bean公司是近几年才成立的,建立了世界第一家咖啡渣回收工厂,而且已经发展成英国最大的咖啡渣回收商。 由此可推知,它是一个充满前景的咖啡渣回收商。故选B。
(　　)7.What does the underlined phrase “get to scale” in the last paragraph mean
[A]Give accurate measurement.
[B]Cover a wide range.
[C]Do mass production.
[D]Classify different grades.
【答案】 C
【解析】 猜测短语题。根据最后一段中的“We’ve really managed to succeed with our innovation...We are turning 7,000 tons of those grounds per year into the fuel”可推知,他们的创新成功了,并且达到了规模化生产。因此画线短语与C项意思相近。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15题;每题1分,共15分)
As the Chinese saying goes,“A seed can change the world;a variety can benefit a nation.”
Zhang Daorong,who has spent many years 　1　 13 new varieties of wheat and contributing to national food security,has done both.The woman,who is called the “mother of wheat”,is a 　2　 at the Xiangyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Xiangyang City.
The research into new varieties requires strict standards and 　3　 experiments.“The first 　4　 is to find suitable parental types for a specific cultivation purpose.Then we try a hybrid combination,” Zhang explained.“After several generations of 　5　 and selection,and when characteristics remain stable,we 　6　 a two-year process of yield testing and disease identification.” And after several more rounds of tests,a(n) 　7　 for evaluation and approval can be made for market production.
“Generally speaking,a good new 　8　 should produce high yields,have stable production,and 　9　 good resistance to bad conditions,” she added.“ 　10　,it also should be accepted by the market.”
Zhang added that the team　11　 70,000 to 80,000 seedlings (幼苗) each year.All year round they were busy with 　12　 experiments on the growth of the new seedlings and making records and analyses.
“Agricultural research work is　13　 and complicated.Sometimes your efforts do not 　14　.All we can do then is think more,discuss more and find 　15　 on the land,” she said.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了张道荣和她的团队培育新小麦品种的事迹。
(　　)1.[A]advertising [B]cultivating
[C]discussing [D]observing
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据空后的“13 new varieties of wheat”可知,此处是指培育(cultivating)小麦。故选B。
(　　)2.[A]journalist [B]teacher
[C]researcher [D]manager
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据上文“who has spent many years 　1　 13 new varieties of wheat and contributing to national food security”可推知,张道荣是一位研究小麦的研究员(researcher)。故选C。
(　　)3.[A]precise [B]efficient
[C]simple [D]expensive
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据空前的“strict standards”可知,此处是指精确的(precise)实验。故选A。
(　　)4.[A]way [B]attempt
[C]step [D]question
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据空后的“to find suitable parental types for a specific cultivation purpose”,再结合常识可知,找到适合特定培养目的的父本和母本类型是培育新品种的第一步(step)。故选C。
(　　)5.[A]encouragement [B]support
[C]management [D]trial
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据常识可知,培育新品种需要对几代(植物)进行试验(trial)和筛选,才能选出最优品种。故选D。
(　　)6.[A]begin [B]continue
[C]follow [D]repeat
【答案】 A
【解析】 结合上文提到选出最优品种和空后的“a two-year process of yield testing and disease identification”可知,接下来就应该开始(begin)产量测试和疾病鉴定。故选A。
(　　)7.[A]practice [B]application
[C]declaration [D]invitation
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据空前的“And after several more rounds of tests”可知,几轮测试合格后,便可申请(application)评估。故选B。
(　　)8.[A]environment [B]machine
[C]farmland [D]variety
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据上文“Zhang Daorong,who has spent many years 　1　 13 new varieties of wheat and contributing to national food security,has done both.”可知,此处是指一个新的种类(variety)。故选D。
(　　)9.[A]produce [B]enhance
[C]show [D]develop
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据空后的“good resistance to bad conditions”可知,此处是指新品种要表现出(show)良好的抵抗力。故选C。
(　　)10.[A]Besides [B]However
[C]Therefore [D]Otherwise
【答案】 A
【解析】 结合语境及also可知,此处是对上文的补充说明,Besides符合语境,故选A。
(　　)11.[A]watered [B]bought
[C]protected [D]planted
【答案】 D
【解析】 结合该团队培育新品种的事实以及“70,000 to 80,000 seedlings (幼苗) each year”可知,此处是指每年种植(planted)7万至8万株幼苗。故选D。
(　　)12.[A]reporting [B]designing
[C]conducting [D]studying
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据空后的“experiments on the growth of the new seedlings”可知,此处是指进行(conducting)实验。故选C。
(　　)13.[A]normal [B]tough
[C]varied [D]specific
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据“complicated”并结合上文提到他们一次又一次的试验可知,农业研究是艰难(tough)且复杂的。故选B。
(　　)14.[A]end up [B]run out
[C]break up [D]pay off
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据上文“Agricultural research work is 　13　 and complicated.”可知,农业研究的特点是有时研究人员的付出可能没有回报(pay off)。故选D。
(　　)15.[A]answers [B]comfort
[C]dreams [D]courage
【答案】 A
【解析】 上文提到有时付出可能没有回报再结合空前的“think more,discuss more”可知,研究人员只能多思考多讨论,以求在土地上找到答案(answers),也就是如何才能培育出优质的新品种。故选A。UNIT 12　课时作业(一)
(分值:87.5分)
[基础进阶·情境运用]
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共8题;每题1分,共8分)
1.She always sorts out the g　　　　 before taking it out.
2.Our discussion today will centre on technical 　　　　(创新).
3.　　　　(维生素) pills can make up what we lack in our diet.
4.It makes sense to adopt 　　　　(节省劳力的) technology.
5.Recent studies show that we are far more p　　　　 at work if we take short breaks regularly.
6.He d　　　　 a large sum of money to the charity in his mother’s name two years ago.
7.Rescuers used a special d　　　　 for finding people trapped in collapsed buildings.
8.He believes better relations with China are fundamental to the 　　　　(幸福) of the area.
【答案】 1.garbage　2.innovation　3.Vitamin
4.labour-saving　5.productive　6.donated
7.device　8.well-being
Ⅱ.词形转换(共8题;每题1.5分,共12分)
1.The thoroughness of the 　　　　(evaluate) process we went through was impressive.
2.The worker oiled the machine to operate it more 　　　　(efficient).
3.They questioned the 　　　　(accurate) of the information in the file.
4.Though still a young man,he is a leading 　　　　(biology) in that country.
5.They have arrived at a solution through 　　　　(science) investigation.
6.I’ll be sending them a 　　　　(donate) in appreciation of their help.
7.This may be an important 　　　　(clueless) as to how the brain organises itself.
8.This season’s 　　　　(entertain) include five new plays and several concerts of Chinese folk music.
【答案】 1.evaluation　2.efficiently　3.accuracy　4.biologist　5.scientific　6.donation
7.clue　8.entertainments
Ⅲ.单句情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.总统承诺要改革卫生保健制度。(be committed to)
2.学习一门外语最好的方法是和说那种语言的人交流。(communicate with sb.)
3.他的作品从小说到戏剧应有尽有。(range from...to...)
4.当我正要离开时,我突然想起我将书包落在学校图书馆了。(occur to sb.)
5.我们正要爬到山顶,这时下起了大雨。(be about to do...when...)
【答案】 1.The president is committed to reforming the health care system.
2.The best way to learn a foreign language is to communicate with the people who speak it.
3.His works range from novels to dramas.
4.It occurred to me that I had left my school bag at the school library as I was about to leave.
5.We were about to climb up to the top of the mountain when it began to rain heavily.
Ⅳ.语法练习——翻译句子(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.年轻人应该尊重老年人。
2.我们必须保持教室干净整洁。
3.长途旅行后他回到家,又饿又累。
4.昨天她买了一条昂贵的紫色的棉裙子。
5.老师问她问题时,她沉默不语。
【答案】 1.The young should show respect for the old.
2.We must keep our classroom clean and tidy.
3.He arrived home after a long trip,hungry and tired.
4.She bought an expensive purple cotton dress yesterday.
5.She remained silent when the teacher asked her a question.
[话题延伸·素养升华]
Ⅰ.阅读(共8题;每题2.5分,共20分)
A
Plastic is one of the most important technological discoveries of the 20th century.However,German scientists are certain that this material may soon be replaced.The new development—liquid wood—can replace plastic in all branches of modern industries.
Plastic as a material enjoys the biggest demand in the modern world,but it does have a number of disadvantages.First,plastic is not recyclable.Second,it contains poisons that can cause cancer.Finally,plastic is made of oil,which is not endless.
The liquid wood technology is able to replace plastic and provide mankind with new materials for many years ahead.Arboform is a new material,which can be got from soft tissues (组织) of wood.Once mixed with several other ingredients (成分),it turns into a solid and non-poisonous material.
The wood-working industry separates wood into three basic things including lignin (木质素),which is not used for the production of paper.Specialists of an institute mixed lignin with several natural materials and thus invented the material which could be melted and moulded (铸造).
When solid Arboform looks like plastic and possesses the qualities of wood,it can be used for the production of any items.
Arboform is already used for the production of car parts.However,the new invention does not enjoy a wide use due to the high content of sulphur (硫) in it.German researchers believe that they will be able to reduce the amount of sulphur by 90 percent very soon to make Arboform usable for home needs.
In addition,liquid wood can be recycled repeatedly.The analysis of Arboform showed that the material had all of its qualities even if it was reprocessed ten times.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。尽管塑料是20世纪最重要的科技发明之一,但德国科学家确信它很快就会被一种新型原料所代替,你知道这种原料是什么吗
(　　)1.What can we learn about liquid wood from the passage
[A]It has replaced plastic.
[B]It is made from natural oil.
[C]It has been widely used in household.
[D]It can be recycled repeatedly.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知,liquid wood可以被反复回收利用。故选D。
(　　)2.According to the passage,what will German researchers firstly focus their future work on
[A]Materials’ wide use.
[B]Content of sulphur in Arboform.
[C]Production cost of Arboform.
[D]Qualities of liquid wood.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段可知,如果用liquid wood代替塑料,科学家首先考虑的应该是如何去除liquid wood里面高含量的硫。故选B。
(　　)3.Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage
[A]Lignin contains poisons that can cause cancer.
[B]Plastic does harm to our society in many ways.
[C]The liquid wood helps to protect our environment.
[D]Arboform isn’t usable for home needs at present.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。文章中没有介绍木质素含有致癌的毒素。故选A。
(　　)4.What’s the best title of the passage
[A]Plastic Has a Number of Disadvantages
[B]A New Material—Plastic
[C]Liquid Wood Will Replace Plastic
[D]How to Protect Arboform
【答案】 C
【解析】 标题归纳题。本文主要说明了一种新型材料liquid wood将会代替塑料,所以C项符合文章内容,可作文章的标题。故选C。
B
Made of thin cotton and sewed together in only 20 minutes,an experimental pair of gloves isn’t particularly fashionable or useful for keeping anyone’s hands warm.Instead,they are used for an entirely different purpose: teaching piano.
In a study,a graduate student Luo of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and her colleagues created these “smart gloves” using advanced technology,which includes physical sensations such as vibration (振动) or force to help with learning activities.Researchers used the gloves to record one pianist’s hand movements while playing a song.They then relayed those movements to a student through fingertip vibrations,helping the learner build muscle memory and perform the piece with greater precision.
“Hand-based movements like piano playing are normally really subjective and difficult to record and transfer,” Luo says.“But with these gloves we are actually able to track a piano teacher’s touch experience and share it with another person to improve their tactile (触觉的) learning process.”
Using a computerised sewing machine,the team wove (织) small wires linked to a pressure-sensing material in the gloves to detect hand motions.When a piano teacher wearing the gloves repeatedly performed a tune,a machine-learning algorithm (算法) processed their movement on the keys and translated it into instructional vibrations.Students wearing their own gloves then attempted to play the same tune,with the fingertip vibrations guiding them through proper movements.By the trials’ end,students who had practised with the gloves could play more accurately than those who had not.
Playing the piano is often just for fun,but Rice University mechanical engineer O’Malley adds that with an improved algorithm,the new glove technology could someday help to teach crucial practices such as surgeries.“Instructional touch removes a step in the learning process that auditory and visual learning can’t.” she says.“When vibration is actually felt directly at the point of action,we can act and learn quicker and with that,there’s so much potential.”
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了麻省理工学院的研究生罗和她的同事们利用先进的技术创造了一款“智能手套”,虽不是很时尚,也不很保暖,但是它可以用来教钢琴。
(　　)5.What is presented in Paragraph 2
[A]Learning activities.
[B]Working principles.
[C]Theoretical models.
[D]Statistical methods.
【答案】 B
【解析】 段落大意题。根据第二段可知,罗和她的同事们利用先进的技术创造了一款“智能手套”。研究人员用这种手套记录了一位钢琴家弹奏歌曲时的手部动作。然后,他们通过指尖的振动将这些动作传递给学生来帮助学习者建立肌肉记忆,并更精确地演奏乐曲。由此可知,第二段主要介绍了智能手套的工作原理。故选B。
(　　)6.According to the passage,what technology was used to detect hand motions in “Smart Gloves”
[A]A sewing machine.
[B]Advanced vibration technology.
[C]A machine-learning algorithm.
[D]Small wires connected to a special material.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知,该团队使用一台计算机化的缝纫机,把一些与压力感应材料相连的小导线织在手套里,以检测手部运动。由此可知,这种手套中运用了一些与特殊的感应材料相连的导线。故选D。
(　　)7.What is the writing purpose of the last paragraph
[A]To introduce a global trend.
[B]To make some further predictions.
[C]To raise a reasonable doubt.
[D]To add some background information.
【答案】 B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,弹钢琴通常只是为了好玩,但莱斯大学的机械工程师O’Malley补充说,通过改进算法,新的手套技术有朝一日可以帮助教授手术等关键操作。由此可知,最后一段主要预测了该技术除了用于钢琴类乐器教学,还可能在未来应用于其他领域。故选B。
(　　)8.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
[A]The Importance of “Smart Gloves” in Teaching
[B]“Smart Gloves” Are Replacing Teachers
[C]“Smart Gloves” Teach Piano Playing Through Touch
[D]Learners Can Realise Their Potential via “Smart Gloves”
【答案】 C
【解析】 标题归纳题。根据第一段可知,实验中由薄棉布制成的手套的目的是教钢琴。再根据第二段中的“Researchers used the gloves to...with greater precision.”可知,研究人员用这种手套记录了一位钢琴家弹奏歌曲时的手部动作。然后,他们通过指尖的振动将这些动作传递给学生来帮助学习者建立肌肉记忆,并更精确地演奏乐曲。由此可知,本文主要介绍了一副“智能手套”,它可以通过触觉教授钢琴演奏。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五(共5题;每题2.5分,共12.5分)
How Mobile Technology Has Changed
Our Lives Forever
The invention of the mobile phone and mobile technology is incredible.1.　　　Here we highlight the most common ones that technology has been changing our lives today.
Mobile technology has changed how we communicate.
The advancement of technology has made communication unbelievably fast and convenient.
In the past,writing a letter or finding a wired telephone was the best way to communicate with the people at a distance.2.　　　 You can send them a message on social media,text them,have a video chat with them,email them,or give them a call.
Mobile technology creates the “all-purpose” device.
With many businesses mobile technology has brought about,there are some products that have made out of date.Now just one device has replaced the portable (便携式的) music player,the alarm clock,the calculator,the camera,the flashlight,the calendar and much more.
3.　　
Mobile technology leads to ever present distraction.
In many places,it’s a common sight to see just about everyone with a mobile phone within his/her reach.From the first two aspects listed above,that can be useful.4.　　　 As mobile technology has become more and more widespread in today’s society,research has begun to connect heavy day-to-day use with a number of side effects,the majority of which are related to mental health.
5.　　　We should accept that mobile technology is here to stay and improve our lives for the better in spite of its shortcomings.In my opinion,its advantages far outweigh its disadvantages.
A.We cannot ignore its disadvantages.
B.All in all,mobile technology greatly benefits our lives.
C.However,instant access is not always a good thing.
D.While these things do still exist,they are no longer absolutely essential.
E.Nowadays,you are blessed with more efficient options at your fingertips.
F.The conventional way of doing shopping has also changed beyond imagination.
G.Since then,advances in mobile technology have shaped our lives in various ways.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章从生活中几个常见的方面说明了移动技术对我们生活的改变,并且说明了尽管移动技术存在弊端,但它整体上是利大于弊的,它将继续存在,并使我们的生活变得更好。
1.【答案】 G
【解析】 根据设空处上一句和下一句可知,本段主要讲述移动技术改变了我们的生活。G 项符合段落主旨,能够引起下文,且选项中的shaped our lives和下文中的changing our lives相呼应。故选 G。
2.【答案】 E
【解析】 根据段落标题句“Mobile technology has changed how we communicate.”可知,此部分讲述的是移动技术对沟通方式的改变。设空处上一句介绍的是过去的沟通方式,而E项中的Nowadays和上文中的In the past形成对照,引出对现在沟通方式的说明。故选 E。
3.【答案】 D
【解析】 根据设空处上一句可知,由于移动技术的发展,现在一种设备可以拥有多种设备的功能。D项中的these things指代上文提到的多种设备。故选 D。
4.【答案】 C
【解析】 根据设空处下一句可知,本段讲述的是移动设备所带来的副作用。C 项中的not always a good thing与下文中的a number of side effects相呼应。故选 C。
5.【答案】 B
【解析】 根据设空处的下一句可知,文章认为,移动技术虽然有缺点,但对我们的生活还是利大于弊的。B项符合文章要表达的观点。故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
With the China Manned Space Agency’s 1.　　　　(announce) of an open call for space breeding (育种) experimental projects,China’s “space greenhouse” is ready to welcome the planting of more new species,as recent years 2.　　　　(see) a significant increase in the variety of crops that have toured around space.
Staple (主食) crops and vegetable crops are the main species that have been promoted 3.　　　　(great) on the ground after space breeding.They include rice,corn,peppers,tomatoes,and other varieties.Many space-bred crops have now been planted 4.　　　　 large numbers.The rice varieties 5.　　　　(carry) by the Shenzhou 10 manned mission have produced nearly 10 new varieties of high-quality,high-production rice in the past several 6.　　　　(year).What’s more,a lot of high-quality vegetable varieties have been bred onboard the Shenzhou series of manned spacecraft,7.　　　　(create) several new varieties of vegetables such as space peppers and space tomatoes.Space peppers,for example,contain 20 percent more vitamin (维生素) C than ordinary ones.The production has also been improved,bringing considerable economic benefits to farmers.Many of these crops have already entered ordinary households and 8.　　　　(serve) at the dinner table nowadays.
9.　　　　 large number of breeding materials have been sent into space in recent years.It is sure 10.　　　　 more new varieties with new features and tastes will enter the market soon in the future.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了中国载人航天工程在太空育种方面取得的进展和成果。
1.【答案】 announcement　
【解析】 考查名词。分析可知,此处被名词所有格修饰,应用名词形式。故填announcement。
2.【答案】 have seen　
【解析】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处为谓语动词,根据主语recent years和句意可知,此处应用现在完成时,see与主语recent years之间为主动关系,且主语为复数。故填have seen。
3.【答案】 greatly　
【解析】 考查副词。此处为副词作状语,修饰动词promoted。故填greatly。
4.【答案】 in　
【解析】 考查介词。根据句意可知,此处应用固定搭配in large numbers,表示“大量”。故填in。
5.【答案】 carried　
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词作定语,carry与The rice varieties之间为被动关系,应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填carried。
6.【答案】 years　
【解析】 考查名词复数。year为可数名词,且空前有several修饰,故此处应用名词复数。故填years。
7.【答案】 creating
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词作状语,create与逻辑主语之间为主动关系,所以此处应用现在分词形式作伴随状语。故填creating。
8.【答案】 are served　
【解析】 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句意以及时间状语nowadays可知,本句为一般现在时,serve与主语Many of these crops之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,且主语为复数,be动词应用are。故填are served。
9.【答案】 A　
【解析】 考查冠词。此处为固定短语a large number of,意为“许多,大量”,位于句首,首字母应大写。故填A。
10.【答案】 that　
【解析】 考查固定句型。本句为主语从句,it作形式主语,that引导的从句作真正的主语。故填that。UNIT 12　课时作业(一)
(分值:87.5分)
[基础进阶·情境运用]
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共8题;每题1分,共8分)
1.She always sorts out the g　　　　 before taking it out.
2.Our discussion today will centre on technical 　　　　(创新).
3.　　　　(维生素) pills can make up what we lack in our diet.
4.It makes sense to adopt 　　　　(节省劳力的) technology.
5.Recent studies show that we are far more p　　　　 at work if we take short breaks regularly.
6.He d　　　　 a large sum of money to the charity in his mother’s name two years ago.
7.Rescuers used a special d　　　　 for finding people trapped in collapsed buildings.
8.He believes better relations with China are fundamental to the 　　　　(幸福) of the area.
Ⅱ.词形转换(共8题;每题1.5分,共12分)
1.The thoroughness of the 　　　　(evaluate) process we went through was impressive.
2.The worker oiled the machine to operate it more 　　　　(efficient).
3.They questioned the 　　　　(accurate) of the information in the file.
4.Though still a young man,he is a leading 　　　　(biology) in that country.
5.They have arrived at a solution through 　　　　(science) investigation.
6.I’ll be sending them a 　　　　(donate) in appreciation of their help.
7.This may be an important 　　　　(clueless) as to how the brain organises itself.
8.This season’s 　　　　(entertain) include five new plays and several concerts of Chinese folk music.
Ⅲ.单句情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.总统承诺要改革卫生保健制度。(be committed to)
2.学习一门外语最好的方法是和说那种语言的人交流。(communicate with sb.)
3.他的作品从小说到戏剧应有尽有。(range from...to...)
4.当我正要离开时,我突然想起我将书包落在学校图书馆了。(occur to sb.)
5.我们正要爬到山顶,这时下起了大雨。(be about to do...when...)
2.The best way to learn a foreign language is to communicate with the people who speak it.
3.His works range from novels to dramas.
4.It occurred to me that I had left my school bag at the school library as I was about to leave.
5.We were about to climb up to the top of the mountain when it began to rain heavily.
Ⅳ.语法练习——翻译句子(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.年轻人应该尊重老年人。
2.我们必须保持教室干净整洁。
3.长途旅行后他回到家,又饿又累。
4.昨天她买了一条昂贵的紫色的棉裙子。
5.老师问她问题时,她沉默不语。
[话题延伸·素养升华]
Ⅰ.阅读(共8题;每题2.5分,共20分)
A
Plastic is one of the most important technological discoveries of the 20th century.However,German scientists are certain that this material may soon be replaced.The new development—liquid wood—can replace plastic in all branches of modern industries.
Plastic as a material enjoys the biggest demand in the modern world,but it does have a number of disadvantages.First,plastic is not recyclable.Second,it contains poisons that can cause cancer.Finally,plastic is made of oil,which is not endless.
The liquid wood technology is able to replace plastic and provide mankind with new materials for many years ahead.Arboform is a new material,which can be got from soft tissues (组织) of wood.Once mixed with several other ingredients (成分),it turns into a solid and non-poisonous material.
The wood-working industry separates wood into three basic things including lignin (木质素),which is not used for the production of paper.Specialists of an institute mixed lignin with several natural materials and thus invented the material which could be melted and moulded (铸造).
When solid Arboform looks like plastic and possesses the qualities of wood,it can be used for the production of any items.
Arboform is already used for the production of car parts.However,the new invention does not enjoy a wide use due to the high content of sulphur (硫) in it.German researchers believe that they will be able to reduce the amount of sulphur by 90 percent very soon to make Arboform usable for home needs.
In addition,liquid wood can be recycled repeatedly.The analysis of Arboform showed that the material had all of its qualities even if it was reprocessed ten times.
(　　)1.What can we learn about liquid wood from the passage
[A]It has replaced plastic.
[B]It is made from natural oil.
[C]It has been widely used in household.
[D]It can be recycled repeatedly.
(　　)2.According to the passage,what will German researchers firstly focus their future work on
[A]Materials’ wide use.
[B]Content of sulphur in Arboform.
[C]Production cost of Arboform.
[D]Qualities of liquid wood.
(　　)3.Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage
[A]Lignin contains poisons that can cause cancer.
[B]Plastic does harm to our society in many ways.
[C]The liquid wood helps to protect our environment.
[D]Arboform isn’t usable for home needs at present.
(　　)4.What’s the best title of the passage
[A]Plastic Has a Number of Disadvantages
[B]A New Material—Plastic
[C]Liquid Wood Will Replace Plastic
[D]How to Protect Arboform
B
Made of thin cotton and sewed together in only 20 minutes,an experimental pair of gloves isn’t particularly fashionable or useful for keeping anyone’s hands warm.Instead,they are used for an entirely different purpose: teaching piano.
In a study,a graduate student Luo of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and her colleagues created these “smart gloves” using advanced technology,which includes physical sensations such as vibration (振动) or force to help with learning activities.Researchers used the gloves to record one pianist’s hand movements while playing a song.They then relayed those movements to a student through fingertip vibrations,helping the learner build muscle memory and perform the piece with greater precision.
“Hand-based movements like piano playing are normally really subjective and difficult to record and transfer,” Luo says.“But with these gloves we are actually able to track a piano teacher’s touch experience and share it with another person to improve their tactile (触觉的) learning process.”
Using a computerised sewing machine,the team wove (织) small wires linked to a pressure-sensing material in the gloves to detect hand motions.When a piano teacher wearing the gloves repeatedly performed a tune,a machine-learning algorithm (算法) processed their movement on the keys and translated it into instructional vibrations.Students wearing their own gloves then attempted to play the same tune,with the fingertip vibrations guiding them through proper movements.By the trials’ end,students who had practised with the gloves could play more accurately than those who had not.
Playing the piano is often just for fun,but Rice University mechanical engineer O’Malley adds that with an improved algorithm,the new glove technology could someday help to teach crucial practices such as surgeries.“Instructional touch removes a step in the learning process that auditory and visual learning can’t.” she says.“When vibration is actually felt directly at the point of action,we can act and learn quicker and with that,there’s so much potential.”
(　　)5.What is presented in Paragraph 2
[A]Learning activities.
[B]Working principles.
[C]Theoretical models.
[D]Statistical methods.
(　　)6.According to the passage,what technology was used to detect hand motions in “Smart Gloves”
[A]A sewing machine.
[B]Advanced vibration technology.
[C]A machine-learning algorithm.
[D]Small wires connected to a special material.
(　　)7.What is the writing purpose of the last paragraph
[A]To introduce a global trend.
[B]To make some further predictions.
[C]To raise a reasonable doubt.
[D]To add some background information.
(　　)8.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
[A]The Importance of “Smart Gloves” in Teaching
[B]“Smart Gloves” Are Replacing Teachers
[C]“Smart Gloves” Teach Piano Playing Through Touch
[D]Learners Can Realise Their Potential via “Smart Gloves”
Ⅱ.七选五(共5题;每题2.5分,共12.5分)
How Mobile Technology Has Changed
Our Lives Forever
The invention of the mobile phone and mobile technology is incredible.1.　　　Here we highlight the most common ones that technology has been changing our lives today.
Mobile technology has changed how we communicate.
The advancement of technology has made communication unbelievably fast and convenient.
In the past,writing a letter or finding a wired telephone was the best way to communicate with the people at a distance.2.　　　 You can send them a message on social media,text them,have a video chat with them,email them,or give them a call.
Mobile technology creates the “all-purpose” device.
With many businesses mobile technology has brought about,there are some products that have made out of date.Now just one device has replaced the portable (便携式的) music player,the alarm clock,the calculator,the camera,the flashlight,the calendar and much more.
3.　　
Mobile technology leads to ever present distraction.
In many places,it’s a common sight to see just about everyone with a mobile phone within his/her reach.From the first two aspects listed above,that can be useful.4.　　　 As mobile technology has become more and more widespread in today’s society,research has begun to connect heavy day-to-day use with a number of side effects,the majority of which are related to mental health.
5.　　　We should accept that mobile technology is here to stay and improve our lives for the better in spite of its shortcomings.In my opinion,its advantages far outweigh its disadvantages.
A.We cannot ignore its disadvantages.
B.All in all,mobile technology greatly benefits our lives.
C.However,instant access is not always a good thing.
D.While these things do still exist,they are no longer absolutely essential.
E.Nowadays,you are blessed with more efficient options at your fingertips.
F.The conventional way of doing shopping has also changed beyond imagination.
G.Since then,advances in mobile technology have shaped our lives in various ways.
Ⅲ.语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
With the China Manned Space Agency’s 1.　　　　(announce) of an open call for space breeding (育种) experimental projects,China’s “space greenhouse” is ready to welcome the planting of more new species,as recent years 2.　　　　(see) a significant increase in the variety of crops that have toured around space.
Staple (主食) crops and vegetable crops are the main species that have been promoted 3.　　　　(great) on the ground after space breeding.They include rice,corn,peppers,tomatoes,and other varieties.Many space-bred crops have now been planted 4.　　　　 large numbers.The rice varieties 5.　　　　(carry) by the Shenzhou 10 manned mission have produced nearly 10 new varieties of high-quality,high-production rice in the past several 6.　　　　(year).What’s more,a lot of high-quality vegetable varieties have been bred onboard the Shenzhou series of manned spacecraft,7.　　　　(create) several new varieties of vegetables such as space peppers and space tomatoes.Space peppers,for example,contain 20 percent more vitamin (维生素) C than ordinary ones.The production has also been improved,bringing considerable economic benefits to farmers.Many of these crops have already entered ordinary households and 8.　　　　(serve) at the dinner table nowadays.
9.　　　　 large number of breeding materials have been sent into space in recent years.It is sure 10.　　　　 more new varieties with new features and tastes will enter the market soon in the future. UNIT 12　课时作业(三)
(分值:60分)
[基础进阶·情境运用]
Ⅰ.语境填词(共10题;每题1分,共10分)
1.There were 　　　　(mass) of people in the shops yesterday.
2.These advertisements 　　　　(specific) target children.
3.The activities of credit companies 　　　　(regulate) by law.
4.This perfectly 　　　　(preserve) 14th-century house is worth a visit.
5.The expedition was wrecked by bad planning and poor 　　　　 (navigate).
6.The company produces 　　　　 (mechanic) parts for airplane engines.
7.There was a huge bang as if someone 　　　　(explode) a rocket outside.
8.　　　　 (electric) provides us with warmth and light and all our modern home comforts.
9.At the end,it proved the 　　　　 (accurate) and feasibility of the method with an example.
10.The book 　　　　 (illustrate) with photographs of animals is popular among little children.
Ⅱ.单句情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.我们应该保护儿童免受伤害。(preserve...from...)
2.许多家长批评他们的孩子严重依赖电子产品。(rely on)
3.直到去年八月我们才有机会参观这个景点。(It’s not until...that...)
4.互联网让我们很容易与朋友和家人保持联系,即使他们在世界的两端。(make it+adj.+to do sth.)
5.如果你昨晚没看那部电影,你现在就不会这么困了。(错综时间条件句)
[话题延伸·素养升华]
Ⅰ.阅读(共8题;每题2.5分,共20分)
A
Scientists in England are using two self-directed water vehicles to explore the animal and plant life of the Celtic Sea.
The Celtic Sea is a body of water off the southern coast of Ireland.The area is known for its unusual sea life.Scientists want to know why sea creatures are so attracted to this part of the Atlantic Ocean.
One of the research vehicles is powered by batteries(电池).It collects information for the National Oceanography Centre in Southampton,England,and the WWF(World Wide Fund for Nature).The vehicle’s low energy requirements permit it to stay floating on water for up to 30 days.Reports of what it finds in the Celtic Sea are sent by satellite.
Stephen Woodward is an engineer who helped design the vehicle.He says the vehicle has equipment that can discover small organisms called zooplankton(浮游动物) and fish.He adds that other sensing equipment measures water currents and other features of sea life.The vehicle also creates a map of the sea.
Another vehicle is powered by the sun and the wind.It can stay floating on water for months.The robotic vehicle sends information about the so called biodiversity hotspots.A biodiversity hotspot is an area of an ocean that has a lot of plant and animal life activity.
Lavinia Suberg is one of the scientists studying the Celtic Sea.She says productive ocean areas,like the Celtic Sea,attract zooplankton.The zooplankton then attracts fish.She adds that areas with a large increase of fish often attract sea mammals and birds.
Using these robotic ocean vehicles greatly reduces the cost of exploring the sea with manned laboratories.Scientists can spend more time analysing the collected information.They say the research will give them a better understanding of the needs of the Celtic Sea for future management and protection.
(　　)1.Why do the British scientists explore the Celtic Sea
[A]To study the geography of the sea.
[B]To learn why the sea is rich in sea life.
[C]To test their self-directed water vehicles.
[D]To learn about the sea creatures in the sea.
(　　)2.What can we know about the water vehicles according to the text
[A]They are controlled directly by humans.
[B]They work depending on the map of the sea.
[C]They can send the information back directly.
[D]They can keep floating on water for a long time.
(　　)3.What do we know about the sea mammals and birds according to Lavinia Suberg
[A]They are afraid of living alone.
[B]They mainly feed on zooplankton.
[C]They like to live in warm ocean areas.
[D]They are especially interested in fish.
(　　)4.What is the last paragraph mainly about
[A]The aim of sea exploration.
[B] The cost of exploring the sea.
[C]The importance of the water vehicles.
[D]Ways to deal with the collected information.
B
A do-it-yourself device could help to unlock the next generation of solar energy,including advanced technology for space missions.Dr Jamie Laird,a research fellow at the ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science,has invented a new device for testing the shortcomings of perovskite(钙钛矿) solar cells,the first of its kind anywhere in the world.
Perovskite solar cells that can match silicon (硅) for efficiency are cheaper to manufacture and more flexible,but they haven’t become commercially available yet,because they are still too unstable when exposed to heat,light and oxygen.That’s where Jamie’s device comes in.With a combination of a microscope and a special laser (激光器),it produces pictures and maps of the drawbacks within solar cells and tells scientists where the cells are losing power or efficiency over time and use.It also provides data to indicate why.
The innovative technique starting life as a personal project for Jamie was originally intended to analyse minerals.When he joined Exciton Science,Jamie realised his device would be a perfect tool to help his colleagues and other leading solar cell researchers around the world to better understand the frustrating issues that have kept perovskite from meeting their exciting promise.
“We use a laser beam and we focus on a spot and scan across the device to measure the quality of the solar cell.This new method allows us to do imaging analysis of the whole or complete solar cells and look at how they perform,how they change with time and aging,and how good a solar cell it is,” Jamie said.
“You can’t have a solar cell that decomposes quickly when it’s meant to last 20 years in the field,” Jamie added.“This is a missing link in the whole of techniques we have to throw at that problem.”
(　　)5.What is the shortcoming of perovskite solar cell
[A]It’s very expensive.
[B]Its efficiency is low.
[C]Its production is complex.
[D]It’s unstable under certain conditions.
(　　)6.What was Jamie’s initial purpose of inventing the device
[A]To find new materials.
[B]To help his colleagues.
[C]To conduct mineral analysis.
[D]To study solar energy technology.
(　　)7.Which can replace the underlined word “decomposes” in the last paragraph
[A]Gets away. [B]Breaks down.
[C]Takes in. [D]Sets off.
(　　)8.What is the text mainly about
[A]A scientist who invented a new device.
[B]The most suitable material for solar energy.
[C]Certain drawbacks of perovskite solar cells.
[D]A new device that can develop solar power.
Ⅱ.七选五(共5题;每题2.5分,共12.5分)
Virtually, there is nothing that man cannot do.Only what he has to do is keep doing and doing without being discouraged.Success will come someday or other, though it may apparently be the conception about something that it cannot be done.1.　　　 But the reality is that man’s success depends on whether he can do the toughest tasks successfully.It is because our life is complicated and tough.And to succeed in this tough battle, perseverance and hard work are a must.2.　　　 We can prove this fact when we look at the reality of life and the history of man’s success.Perseverance helps us do what we otherwise would consider impossible to do.
What the world-famous scientist Sir Isaac Newton had done by twelve years’ constant hard work was burnt out by his pet dog.But that could not discourage him a little.3.　　　 It is only for his undefeated perseverance that we have been able to have many inventions and discoveries.
4.　　　 He went through thick and thin to reach his destination after months of the strenuous (艰苦的) voyage on the sea.He discovered the way from Spain to America and offered the world a new route of communication with America.This outcome of his perseverance will be generated by the world forever.
All the great men in history have written their names in golden letters by means of perseverance.5.　　　 If we all are perseverant in whatever we do, we are sure to stand out as a successful person in the near future.
A.Every action has its reaction.
B.It is a unique precondition to success in life.
C.In human life, perseverance plays a very important role.
D.Their success will always remain as perfect examples to us.
E.Columbus has left us an adventurous story of perseverance.
F.The task that is easily done at the first attempt is undoubtedly very easy.
G.He was able to do it again through years of hard work and perseverance.
Ⅲ.语法填空(共5题;每题1.5分,共7.5分)
Is there anything nicer than a cooling ice cream on a hot summer’s day
This 1.　　　　 (freeze) dessert is old,but our tastes and consumer habits are changing.How is the ice cream production process changing,and who is driving it
The recipe is simple,just a 2.　　　　 (combine) of milk,sugar and fat.But the process is complex,3.　　　　 demands time and energy to get the materials mixed,heated and then cooled.Designers are working 4.　　　　(improve) the production process with new equipment.For now,5.　　　　,even with the help of robots,it can take up to two years from testing a new treat to being available to consumers.
So,what new things can we expect It is millennial (千禧年的) consumers who are driving interest 6.　　　　 more flavours.They say the tastes for today’s ice cream products 7.　　　　 (limit) only by our imagination.But according to Elsebeth Baungaard,8.　　　　 expert in economy,the next trend will be 9.　　　　 (little) about innovation and more about size.“I’m sorry to say it’s 10.　　　　 (simple) reducing in size”,she says,“but the quality will be higher.” UNIT 12　单元知识巩固练习
(分值:86分)
[基础进阶·情境运用]
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共8题;每题1分,共8分)
1.A fund was l　　　　 to set up a monument in memory of the dead.
2.In other words,the meaning lies in the Confucian classic 　　　　 (理论) of mind.
3.We must be confident and believe that we are 　　　　 (有天赋的) for something.
4.We need to carry out a proper 　　　　 (评估) of the new system.
5.It was 　　　　(提出) that this matter be considered at the next meeting.
6.The main topic of conversation was the likely o　　　　 of the election.
7.M　　　　 of people gave freely in response to the appeal for the victims of the earthquake.
8.Professors,for the most part,are firmly c　　　　 to teaching,not research.
【答案】 1.launched　2.theory　3.gifted
4.evaluation　5.proposed　6.outcome
7.Millions　8.committed
Ⅱ.词形转换(共8题;每题1.5分,共12分)
1.Having been told about the risk of 　　　　(electricity) shocks,she is very careful while using hairdryers.
2.A lack of 　　　　(science) knowledge can make a person ignorant.
3.Newton was a famous 　　　　(physics),who discovered three important laws.
4.His interest in writing came from a long 　　　　(correspond) with a close college friend.
5.The relations between the two countries have shown some 　　　　 (improve).
6.Young people in China today have their own strengths,as they are ambitious,　　　　(innovate) and also willing to contribute.
7.To improve learning 　　　　 (efficient),students must spend more time focusing on what they are weak in.
8.As the finished 　　　　(produce) was not correctly priced,it didn’t sell well.
【答案】 1.electric　2.scientific　3.physicist
4.correspondence　5.improvement
6.innovative　7.efficiency　8.product
Ⅲ.选词填空(共8题;每题1.5分,共12分)
be associated with,be dedicated to,for the purpose of,reflect on,not to mention,lead to,rely on,figure out
1.You can 　　　　　　　　 him to help you whenever you are in trouble.
2.You should 　　　　　　　　 this problem before you make a decision.
3.China will continue to 　　　　　　　　 a low-carbon society.
4.Individual diversity will 　　　　　　　　 different results in second language learning.
5.Instead of getting annoyed about this,we should try to 　　　　　　　　 what to do.
6.In the past few years,the smell of baking 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that little alley.
7.A special period should be set aside solely 　　　　　　　　　　　　 carrying out an inspection.
8.There’s no electricity,running water or even textbooks,　　　　　　　　 laptops,tablets or other modern devices!
【答案】 1.rely on　2.reflect on　3.be dedicated to
4.lead to　5.figure out　6.has been associated with　7.for the purpose of　
8.not to mention
Ⅳ.单句情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.尽管他很忙,他还是来车站接我们。(despite the fact that)
2.我刚从厨房出来就有人敲门。(had done...when...)
3.在日本,看到别人做这个“OK”手势的人可能会认为这意味着钱。(现在分词短语作宾语补足语)
4.没有你的帮助,我不会在英语学习上取得这么大的进步。(without;虚拟语气)
5.上周末我们学校组织了一次采摘活动,这次活动让我们体验了乡村生活。(which引导非限制性定语从句)
【答案】 1.Despite the fact that he was busy,he came to the station to pick us up.
2.I had just walked out of the kitchen when someone knocked at the door.
3.In Japan,someone who sees another person making the gesture for “OK” might think it means money.
4.Without your help,I would not have made so much progress in English learning.
5.Last weekend our school organised a picking activity,which enabled us to experience the life in the countryside.
Ⅴ.单元语法填空(共6题;每题1.5分,共9分)
My school is located in the 1.　　　　 (south) part of our city.There are many flowers and trees 2.　　　　 the schoolyard,so it is very 3.　　　　(beauty).It has three five-storey teaching buildings,two six-storey student dormitories,a three-storey office building and a laboratory building.The newly-built canteen is 4.　　　　 the back of the school.The 300-metre-long and 200-metre-wide playground is where we exercise.The students study
5.　　　　 (diligent),help each other and get along well.The teachers care for the students and are 6.　　　　 (dedicate) to their work.I like my school very much.
【答案】 1.southern　2.in　3.beautiful　4.at 5.diligently　6.dedicated
[话题延伸·素养升华]
Ⅰ.阅读(共8题;每题2.5分,共20分)
A
In 2018,China became the largest producer and consumer of the fruit in the world.Wu Mingzhu,in her nineties,a native of Wuhan,is the unknown hero who has helped make this possible.
“About 80 percent of the watermelons and sweet melons served at people’s dining tables every day are the result of painful efforts made by Wu and her team over more than 60 years,”said Zhang Wenjun,a colleague of Wu’s.
Helping others has long been a dream of hers.And she thought the most beautiful thing in life is that everything you create can serve the people,so she made efforts to grow quality melons,which began paying off in 1973.She is one of the 8,000 agricultural scientists who have come to Hainan annually from across the country over the past 60 years and have cultivated(培育) more than 20,000 of China’s new seed varieties through offseason breeding.
Using innovative measures such as radiation mutation breeding,double haploid breeding and distant hybridisation breeding,Wu and her team developed new germ-plasm(种质) resources,from which they cultivated more than 30 watermelon and muskmelon(甜瓜) varieties with better adaptability and stronger disease resistance,the former director of the Xinjiang Muskmelon Research Centre said.
The new melon varieties have been promoted to more than 1.86 million hectares of fields from north to south.Some of these varieties have been promoted overseas,as far as California.
Wu’s work has left her a number of honours.The “queen of melons” became an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering in 1999 and an honorary citizen of Sanya in 2004.
【语篇导读】 本文是新闻报道。文章报道了我国“西瓜之母”吴明珠院士的个人经历以及其贡献。
(　　)1.Why did Wu Mingzhu mainly want to grow high-end melons
[A]Because she wanted to make China the largest producer of melons.
[B]Because China is the largest consumer of melons in the world.
[C]Because she wanted to create something that could serve people.
[D]Because the Chinese government asked her to grow high quality melons.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句可知,吴明珠院士之所以培育一些高端的瓜果主要是因为她想创造出能够造福人类的事物,这是她认为最美好的事情。故选C。
(　　)2.What can we learn about from Paragraph 4
[A]Wu and her team cultivated melon varieties that could resist every disease.
[B]Wu and her team cultivated high quality melons from the new germ-plasm resources.
[C]Wu and her team cultivated 30 watermelon varieties from radiation mutation breeding.
[D]Wu and her team cultivated melon varieties that could adapt to any circumstance.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知,吴明珠院士和她的团队成员通过种质资源培育出了30多种拥有更好的适应能力和更强的抗病能力的西瓜和甜瓜。故选B。
(　　)3.Which of the following about Wu Mingzhu cannot be inferred from the text
[A]She has cultivated more than 20,000 of China’s new seed varieties.
[B]She is committed to her work and makes remarkable achievements.
[C]She helped make China the largest producer of fruit in the world in 2018.
[D]She is awarded a number of honorary titles due to her contributions.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句可知,超过20 000种新型种子是由8 000多个农业科学家培育出来的。故选A。
(　　)4.What type is the text
[A]A diary entry.
[B]A book review.
[C]A physicist’s story.
[D]A news report.
【答案】 D
【解析】 推理判断题。浏览文章可知,文章主要介绍了我国“西瓜之母”吴明珠院士的个人经历以及其贡献,所以推测,这是一篇介绍名人事迹的传记类新闻报道。D项符合推测,故选D。
B
The home of the future won’t be completely different and we will be living in houses and flats just as we do today.But people will want to shape their homes to match their dreams.No two homes will be the same.People will be able to buy “house kits” containing a basic house structure,with movable walls,doors and windows.They will put together the different parts to create the homes they want.
Many jobs that we do today will disappear,others will still exist but will change and new jobs will be created.Skilled workers such as builders,gardeners and electricians won’t disappear because machines can’t replace them.Teachers will still exist because students need human contact.But they will be using modern technology in class more and students will be working more from home.The medical technology revolution and space travel will create new jobs which we can only imagine today.
Space holidays will develop in the future,but these holidays won’t be for everyone because they won’t be cheap.Short space trips will develop first,then space hotels will orbit Earth where it will be possible to have a longer vacation.By the end of the next century,there will be holiday centres on the Moon with leisure facilities for families.
Paper won’t exist in the future.Instead,there will be e-paper which people will be able to use over and over again.This will develop in order to save natural resources.E-newspapers and e-magazines will replace traditional newspapers and magazines and we will download information and news articles from the Internet every day onto our reusable paper.
The laws of physics tell us that Earth is going to disappear sometime in the future.This isn’t going to happen tomorrow but scientists predict that it will happen in five billion years when our sun explodes (爆炸).We will have to explore the universe and find another home.At some point in the distant future,either we stay on Earth and die with it,or we leave and move to another planet.There won’t be any other choice.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章向我们介绍了未来的生活,包括我们未来的家、职业、太空旅行和可重复利用的电子纸等。
(　　)5.What will homes of the future be like
[A]They will be movable as you want.
[B]They will be different from one another.
[C]They will be very similar to our homes.
[D]They will be completely different from those of today.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“No two homes will be the same.”可知,没有两个家是一样的。由此可知,未来的家彼此之间都是不同的。故选B。
(　　)6.What does the second paragraph imply
[A]Skilled workers will face great changes.
[B]The future will witness job changes.
[C]Technology will totally replace workforce.
[D]An unimaginable life will come into being.
【答案】 B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段首句可知,未来生活中,我们现在做的很多工作都将消失,有些工作将继续存在但会发生变化,同时未来还会产生新的工作,即未来将见证工作的变化。故选B。
(　　)7.Why will e-paper replace traditional paper
[A]Because young people like it.
[B]Because it will be cheaper to produce.
[C]Because it will be convenient to carry.
[D]Because it won’t waste natural resources.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Paper won’t exist...save natural resources.”可知,纸在未来不再存在,取而代之的是人们可以反复使用的电子纸。电子纸取代普通的纸是为了节约自然资源。故选D。
(　　)8.Why will we have to move to another planet
[A]Because Earth will explode.
[B]Because we want to live a better life.
[C]Because we want to save ourselves.
[D]Because Earth is too crowded to live on.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“At some point...another planet.”可知,在遥远的未来,我们要么留在地球上,和它一起消亡,要么离开地球,搬到其他星球上去。由此可知,如果我们想拯救自己,就必须搬去其他星球。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15题;每题1分,共15分)
When I started the Fit Nation programme,I was a big guy.Seven months later,I’m still a big guy.I’ve run endless miles,biked endless hills and swum endless laps.Is there　1　 of me Yes.Am I fitter Yes.Am I healthier 　2　.But am I finished NO WAY!
There has been quite a debate ranging in recent years about　3　 you can be “fat and fit”.There’s no easy answer to that question.Perhaps the answer varies from person to person as our goals 　4　.
Over the years,everyone in the Fit Nation family has achieved great success,but in many cases,the pounds don’t always dramatically　5　.We’ve all gained strength and improved our cardiovascular (心血管的) health,but I never 　6　 this as a weight-loss programme.At least for me,the real changes have been in my body (more muscles and less fat),my overall endurance and my mental 　7　.
I’ve learnt that being healthy is ultimately about being honest with myself.It’s about being honest about what I can accomplish and what I can　8　 to accomplish in the short term and in the long term.While I’m 　9　 now than I was at the beginning of the year,I still have improvements to make and fitness to 　10　.I hope to continue making gains for the rest of my life.
Setting goals is really pretty simple when you think about it.A　11　 is something for which you’re willing to work.And you get what you want by planning and putting that plan into 　12　.I have more goals to set and more success to 　13　.
The only true measure of my accomplishment is how far I’ve come and how much farther I have to go.Most　14　,I’ve come to understand that fitness is a journey and not a 　15　.
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。作者结合自己参加Fit Nation项目的经历发表了对健身的新认识——健身是一段旅程,而不是目的地。
[文章脉络]
When I started the Fit Nation programme,I was a big guy.
There has been quite a debate about whether you can be “fat and fit”.
Over the years,everyone in the Fit Nation family has achieved great success.
For me,the real changes have been in my body,my overall endurance and my mental toughness.
I have more goals to set and more success to achieve.
Most importantly,I’ve come to understand that fitness is a journey and not a destination.
(　　)1.[A]more [B]less
[C]bigger [D]worse
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据上文“When I started the Fit Nation programme,I was a big guy.”及下文“Am I fitter Yes.”可知,此处指作者的体重变轻(less)。故选B。
(　　)2.[A]Early [B]Naturally
[C]Absolutely [D]Fortunately
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据上文“Is there 　1　 of me Yes.Am I fitter Yes.”可知,空处是对前文的进一步肯定。absolutely意为“当然”。故选C。
(　　)3.[A]whose [B]whether
[C]that [D]what
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据下文“you can be ‘fat and fit’”可知,空处引导宾语从句,表“是否”之意,应用 whether引导。故选B。
(　　)4.[A]change [B]score
[C]achieve [D]set
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据上文“Perhaps the answer varies from person to person”可知,答案可能因人而异,因为我们的目标会改变(change)。故选A。
(　　)5.[A]have [B]show
[C]disappear [D]turn
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据上文“Over the years,everyone in the Fit Nation family has achieved great success”以及表示转折关系的“but”可知,Fit Nation大家庭中的每个人都取得了巨大的成功,但在很多情况下,体重并没有总是显著下降 (disappear)。故选C。
(　　)6.[A]thought of [B]looked out
[C]turned to [D]gave up
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据下文“as a weight-loss programme”可知,作者从未把它看作(thought of)减肥项目。故选A。
(　　)7.[A]sadness [B]happiness
[C]toughness [D]kindness
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据上文“my overall endurance and my mental”可知,此处指作者的整体耐力和精神韧性(toughness)。故选C。
(　　)8.[A]allow [B]consider
[C]avoid [D]expect
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据下文“to accomplish in the short term and in the long term”可知,此处指期待(expect)在短期和长期内完成的事情。故选D。
(　　)9.[A]bigger [B]happier
[C]fatter [D]healthier
【答案】 D
【解析】 根据表示让步关系的“While”以及下文“I still have improvements to make”可知,虽然作者现在比年初更健康(healthier)了,但仍然需要改进。故选D。
(　　)10.[A]gain [B]know
[C]take [D]give
【答案】 A
【解析】 根据上文“I still have improvements to make”可知,作者认识到自己仍然需要改进,以获得(gain)健康。故选A。
(　　)11.[A]result [B]plan
[C]reason [D]goal
【答案】 D
【解析】 此处为上文中的“goals”原词复现,进一步解释目标的实质内容。故选D。
(　　)12.[A]fiction [B]words
[C]action [D]situation
【答案】 C
【解析】 根据上文“And you get what you want by planning and putting that plan into”可知,通过计划并付诸行动(action),你就能得到你想要的。故选C。
(　　)13.[A]help [B]achieve
[C]give [D]notice
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据上文中的“success”可知,此处指有更多的成功要实现(achieve)。故选B。
(　　)14.[A]importantly [B]fortunately
[C]likely [D]patiently
【答案】 A
【解析】 most importantly意为“最重要的是”,引出下文作者最深刻的感悟。故选A。
(　　)15.[A]decision [B]determination
[C]description [D]destination
【答案】 D
【解析】 空处与上文中的“journey”相对,应指目的地(destination)。故选D。

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