资源简介

(共15张PPT)
　
单元知识回顾
Ⅰ.重点词汇
1.detect vt.发现,察觉(尤指不易觉察到的事物)
(1)detect sb./sth. sth.发现某人/某物正在做某事
detect sb./sth. sth.发现某人/某物做了某事
(2) n.发现,察觉;侦查
(3)detector n.探测器
(4) n.警探,侦探 adj.侦查的;刑侦的
doing
do
detection
detective
2.annoyed adj.烦恼的,生气的
(1)be annoyed with sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而生某人的气
be annoyed / sth.对某事生气/厌烦
be annoyed / ...做……感到生气/因……而感到生气
(2)annoy vt.使烦恼,使恼怒;打扰
(3)annoyance n.[U]恼怒,烦恼;[C]使人烦恼的事
one’s annoyance 让某人生气的是
(4) adj.讨厌的,令人气恼的(表示事物的性质)
at
about
to do
that
to
annoying
3.ashamed adj.内疚的,惭愧的
(1)feel/be ashamed / ...为……感到羞愧
feel/be ashamed sth.羞于做某事
(2)shame vt.使感到羞耻/羞愧 n.羞愧,惭愧;令人遗憾的事
It is a shame ...很遗憾……
(3) adj.可耻的;丢脸的
of
that
to do
that
shameful
4.assign vt.分配,分派,指派(任务)
assign sb.sth.(=assign sth. sb.) 给某人布置/分派某事
be to sb./sth.被指派/被分配给……
to
assigned
5.resolution n.决议;决定,决心;解决
(1)resolve vt.解决(问题、困难);决定,下定决心 n.决心
resolve sth.决定做某事
resolve (doing) sth.决定(做)某事
(2) a resolve/resolution to do sth.下定决心做某事
to do
on
make
6.panic n.惊恐,惶恐,惊慌 vi.& vt.(使)恐慌,(使)惊慌失措
(1)panic sb. doing sth. 使某人仓惶行事;使某人仓促行动
(2) (a) panic 惊慌失措地;处在恐慌中(状态)
get a panic 陷入恐慌(动作)
into
in
into
7.distribute vt.分发,分配,分送;散布,分布
(1)distribute sth. / sb.把某物分给某人
(2) n.分配,分发;分布
(3) n.批发商,经销商
among
to
distribution
distributor
8.appreciation n.感激;欣赏
(1) appreciation of...为了表示对……的感谢
(2)appreciate vt.感激,感谢;欣赏;理解;明白
appreciate (sb.’s) sth.感谢(某人)做某事
I would appreciate if...如果……的话,我将不胜感激
in
doing
it
9.to conclude 最后;总之
(1)conclude... ... 用……来总结……;以……结束……
conclude (from...) ...(从……中)推断出/断定……
(2)conclusion n.结论;结束
conclusion最后;总之
/ / / a/the conclusion that...得出……结论
with
that
in
reach
draw
come to
arrive at
10.injury n.伤害,损害
(1)do an injury sb.=do sb.an injury伤害某人
/ / / an injury 受伤
(2)injure vt.(尤指在事故中)伤害;使受伤
(3)injured adj.受伤的;有伤的
injured 伤员;受伤的人
to
have
get
receive
suffer
the
Ⅱ.重点句式
1.那人承认目击了事故。(动名词作宾语)
The man .
2.他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。(that引导同位语从句)
soon spread over the whole school.
admitted witnessing/having witnessed the accident
The news that they had won the game
3.无论遇到什么困难,我们都能解决。(whatever引导名词性从句)
We can solve .
4.人们重视教育的原因可以列举如下。(why引导定语从句)
can be listed as follows.
5.他说得如此快以至于我无法跟上他。(so...that...引导结果状语从句)
He spoke .
whatever difficulties we come across
The reason why people think highly of education
so quickly that I couldn’t follow him
Ⅲ.单元语法
1.情态动词包括 , , 和 等。
(1)have to意为“必须,不得不”,其过去式为 。
(2)can/could可以表示 , , , 等等。
(3)should/ought to可以表示 , , , , , 等等。
(4)dare意为“敢”,用作情态动词时,常用于 、 和
中。
2.英语中有不少动词的意思相近,一般将它们称为同义词,但其真正的意义和用法还是有一定的差别,需要在平时的学习中注意区分。
have to
could
ought to
dare
had to
能力
请求
允许
推测
责任
义务
劝告
建议
命令
推测
疑问句
否定句
条件状语从句(共58张PPT)
　
Part 3
Reading Club 1,Reading Club 2,
Check Your Progress
自主预习·课前清障
基础识记
1.sacred　　　　　 adj.
2.carpet n.
3.ankle n.
阅读单词
神圣的
地毯
脚踝
1. adj.松的;宽大的
2. n.& vt.请求,要求
核心单词
loose
request
1.permanent adj.永久的,长久的→ adv.永久地,长期地
2.recovery n.康复,痊愈→ v.康复,痊愈
3.greed n.贪欲,贪婪→ adj.贪婪的→ adv.贪婪地
运用单词
permanently
recover
greedy
greedily
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1. 　　　　　　　　 陷入;落入
2. 经过几年的时间
3. 被允许做某事
4. 被……绊倒
5. 对……负责
fall into
over a period of years
be allowed to do sth.
trip over
be responsible for
6. 避免,摆脱;逃离
7. 处理;对待
8. 与某人相处
9. 确实
get away from
deal with
get on with sb.
for sure
重点句型
1.虽然医生不能全面地理解昏迷以及恢复的过程,但人们通常认为,一个病人昏迷的时间越长,他恢复的几率越低。
doctors don’t fully understand comas and the process of recovery, a patient’s chances of recovery decline the longer they stay in a coma.
Although
it is generally agreed that
2.不论你怎么想,近几年出现的赔偿文化正在扩展,而且它会影响到我们所
有人。
,the compensation culture
is spreading,and it will affect all of us.
Whatever you think
which has emerged in
recent years
学习理解·语篇解构
Reading Club 1
brain
多维解读·深度剖析
■
■
life support machines
terminal illnesses
unconscious　
decline
精研细读·深层理解
■
■
1.Why did Terri fall into a coma 15 years ago
Terri suffered from a heart attack,which robbed her brain of oxygen,
causing permanent harm.
2.What’s Terri’s parents’ attitude to their daughter being taken off life support machines
Terri’s parents still believed that their daughter’s coma was only temporary and they disagreed with this action.
Reading Club 2
opportunity
多维解读·深度剖析
■
■
compensation
overweight
parents
spreading
complaints
greed
limit
lawyer
精研细读·深层理解
■
■
1.What do people think of the Roslyn Darch’s case
Some argue that this is just greed and it’s not the shop’s fault.Others would say that it’s good to see the law taking the side of the individual.
2.Why did the parents of a 19-year-old girl sue her school
Because the girl failed to get a top grade in a university entrance exam.
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
◆rob vt.抢劫;掠夺,剥夺,使丧失
1.Terri fell into a coma when a heart attack robbed her brain of oxygen,
causing permanent harm.
由于心脏病发作导致大脑缺氧使特丽陷入昏迷状态,造成了永久的伤害。
归 纳 拓 展
(1)rob sb.of sth.抢劫/剥夺某人的……
(2)robber n.强盗,盗贼
(3)robbery n.盗窃,抢劫
A last-minute goal robbed the team of victory.
最后一分钟的进球夺去了这支球队胜利的机会。
I hate to rob her of this pleasure.
我不愿剥夺她的这种乐趣。
rob sb.of sth.抢劫/剥夺某人的……
rob sb.of sth.抢劫/剥夺某人的……
单句语法填空
①The man was finally caught and charged with 　　　　 (rob).
②As Jonathan read a book,the 　　　　(rob) made their way through the entire house and probably figured that no one was home.
③Thieves broke into his home and 　　　　 (rob) him of all his property last month.
语境运用
robbery
robbers
robbed
◆trip v.使跌倒 n.旅行
2.You trip on a loose piece of carpet and twist your ankle.
你被一块柔软的地毯绊了一跤,伤了你的脚踝。
归纳 拓展
(1)take/go on a trip 旅行
business trip 公务出差;商务旅行
(2)tripper n.游客,旅行者
Here is some advice on how to make a trip by rail as pleasant as possible.
(2023浙江1月,七选五)
这里有一些关于如何让火车旅行尽可能愉快的建议。
The little boy ran so fast that he was tripped by a stone on the road.
这个小男孩跑得太快以至于被路上的一块石头绊倒了。
单句语法填空
①The lady walked carelessly and suddenly 　　 　　 (trip) over a tree root.
②One of the most impressive 　　　　 (trip) I remember was in Canada.
③The beach was packed with day 　　　　 (trip).
tripped
语境运用
trips
trippers
◆injury n.伤害,损害
3.As a result of the injury,you lose your place in the local sports team,and have to miss an important job interview.
因为这次受伤,你失去了在当地运动队中的位置,并且不得不错过一个重要的工作面试。
归 纳 拓 展
(1)do an injury to sb.=do sb.an injury伤害某人
have/get/receive/suffer an injury受伤
(2)injure vt.(尤指在事故中)伤害;使受伤
(3)injured adj.受伤的;有伤的
the injured伤员;受伤的人
The driver of the car received serious injuries to the legs and arms.
这辆车的司机的腿和手臂都受了严重的伤。
If you don’t warm up before taking exercise,you risk injuring yourself.
如果你在锻炼之前不热身,你就有使自己受伤的风险。
Ambulances took the injured to a nearby hospital.
救护车把伤者送到了附近的一家医院。
单句语法填空
①Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running,research shows,
while most likely contributing to fewer 　　 　　(injury).(2020全国Ⅰ,阅读理解C)
②When the injured 　　 　　 (rush) to the hospital,they came to life.
③The women 　　　　(injure) in the accident should be given first aid.
语境运用
injuries
were rushed
injured
完成句子
④日益增加的交通事故已造成许多伤亡。
The increasing traffic accidents have caused　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
many injuries and deaths
◆greed n.贪欲,贪婪
4.Some argue that this is just greed—that the amount of money is far too much for the injury suffered—and besides,it’s not the shop’s fault that a mother can’t control her child anyway.
有些人认为这就是贪念,这个赔偿金的数额远远超过了伤害本身,并且,一个母亲无法控制她的孩子,这并非是商店的过错。
归 纳 拓 展
(1)satisfy/meet one’s greed for...满足某人对……的贪欲
(2)greedy adj.贪婪的;贪吃的
be greedy for渴望得到/贪图……
It’s greedy of sb.to do sth.某人做某事很贪婪
His actions were motivated by greed.
他的行为是被贪婪之心所驱使的。
People should have their own moral standards instead of seeking various ways to satisfy their greed for fame and wealth.
人们应该有自己的道德标准,而不是寻求各种渠道满足自己对名利和财富的贪欲。
satisfy/meet one’s greed for...满足某人对……的贪欲
Greedy for knowledge,he went abroad for his further study.
出于对知识的渴求,他出国深造了。
be greedy for渴望得到/贪图……
完成句子
①他对知识的渴望是无止境的。
　　　　 　　　　 　　　 knows no bounds.
②如果一个人贪图权力和金钱,他可能会触犯法律。
If one 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,he may break the law.
③他们把所有的糖都吃光了,真是太贪吃了。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 all the candy.
语境运用
His greed for knowledge
is greedy for power and money
It was greedy of them to eat up
◆warning n.警告,警示;告诫
5.A group of overweight New York teenagers sued a giant fast-food company,claiming that they had not had enough warning that a diet of burgers,fries and milkshakes would make them fat.
有一群超重的纽约少年起诉了一家大型的快餐公司,他们声称这家公司没有足够的警告,说明吃汉堡、炸土豆条和奶昔会让他们变胖。
归 纳 拓 展
(1)give sb.a warning 告诫某人
(2)warn v.警告;提醒;告诫
warn sb.(not) to do sth.警告某人(不要)做某事
warn sb.against (doing)...警告某人不要(做)……
warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事
warn (sb.) that...警告(某人)……
She gave her children a warning not to play on the road.
她告诫孩子们不要在马路上玩耍。
We warned them not to skate on such thin ice.
我们告诫过他们,不要在那么薄的冰上溜冰。
give sb.a warning 告诫某人
warn sb.(not) to do sth.警告某人(不要)做某事
单句语法填空
①The government has issued a 　　　　(warn) against fishing in the river as it is currently being protected to restore its ecological balance.
②She constantly warned us 　　　　 the serious situation.
语境运用
warning
of　
翻译句子
③警方警告市民网上交友要谨慎,以免上当受骗。
The police warned the citizens to be cautious about making friends online to avoid being cheated.
◆regularly adv.有规律地;定期地
6.And we regularly get complaints from holidaymakers travelling abroad who say the locals don’t speak English.
并且,我们经常会收到出国度假者的投诉,他们说他们去的地方当地人不会说英语。
归 纳 拓 展
regulate v.控制,管理
regular adj.定期的,经常的,有规律的
irregular adj.不规则的,无规律的
The more regularly they can be inspected,the more railway safety,reliability and on-time performance will be improved.(2022全国乙,阅读理解C)
对它们进行常规检查的次数越多,铁路的安全性、可靠性和准时性就会得到越多的改善。
We started to meet regularly to draw up our plans.(2022浙江1月,读后续写)
我们开始定期会面,起草我们的计划。
单句语法填空
①The doctor recommended that we should take exercise 　　　　 (regular) to keep fit.
②It’s an important process that helps to 　 　　　 (regular) the global climate.
③She was taken to a hospital suffering from a(n) 　　 　　 (regular) heartbeat.
语境运用
regularly
regulate
irregular
重点句式
◆whatever引导的让步状语从句,whatever相当于no matter what。
Whatever you think,the compensation culture which has emerged in recent years is spreading,and it will affect all of us.
不论你怎么想,近几年出现的赔偿文化正在扩展,而且它会影响到我们所有人。
归 纳 拓 展
1.“疑问词+-ever”可引导让步状语从句,可替换为“no matter+疑问词”。
2.“疑问词+-ever”还可引导名词性从句,不可替换为“no matter+疑问词”。
Whatever it is,no matter how small it might seem,write it down.
(2023新高考全国Ⅰ,七选五)
不管是什么,不管它看起来有多小,都要把它写下来。
...whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I survived.
(2021浙江1月,完形填空)
……无论在生活中要面对什么,我一直在那里并且都挺了过来。
完成句子
①　　　　　　 　　　　　　 (无论他多晚),his mother will wait for him to have dinner together.
②　　　　　　　　　(无论她说什么) will not make any difference to our arrangements.
③　　 　　　　　　　　 (无论你说什么),I will not believe you.
语境运用
However/No matter how late he is
Whatever she says
Whatever/No matter what you say
长难句分析
Perhaps it’s not surprising that Roslyn Darch of Houston felt annoyed when she tripped over a little kid running around a furniture store,and broke her ankle.
也许下面的事情并不令人奇怪:当她被一个在家具店里奔跑的小孩绊倒并伤了脚踝的时候,休斯敦的罗斯林·达奇感到非常恼火。
本句是主从复合句,主句中的it是形式主语,代替that从句,when引导时间状语从句,有两个并列谓语动词tripped和broke,其中running around a furniture store为现在分词短语作后置定语,修饰a little kid。
单句情境写作
①当她被一群在超市购物的陌生人指控偷窃时,她感到恼火也就不足为奇了。
语境运用
It was not surprising that she felt annoyed when she was accused of stealing by a crowd of strangers shopping in the supermarket.
②当你知道这个年轻人昨晚跟一个自称Richard的人聊天到很晚的时候,他在工作中无精打采也就不足为奇了。
It’s no wonder that the young man is listless at work when you know he stayed up late chatting with a person calling himself Richard last night.
③她在演讲时犯了一个愚蠢的错误,这真令人遗憾。
It was a pity that she made a silly mistake when she was delivering a speech.
进阶提升·写作微练
心理情感描写之“生气”
常用词汇
课文词汇
1.feel annoyed 　　　　　　 感到生气
2.complain v.抱怨;投诉
补充词汇
3.with burning eyes 　　　 眼睛冒火
4.feel/get angry/furious 感到生气/愤怒
5.storm out of/into 冲出/冲进
6.stamp one’s feet in anger 气得直跺脚
7.glare at sb. 怒视某人
8.fly into a temper 大发雷霆
9.feel anger surging inside sb. 某人感到心中怒火中烧
10.explode with anger 勃然大怒
常用句型
课文原句
1.Perhaps it’s not surprising that Roslyn Darch of Houston felt annoyed when she tripped over a little kid running around a furniture store,and broke her ankle.
也许下面的事情并不令人奇怪:当她被一个在家具店里奔跑的小孩绊倒并伤了脚踝的时候,休斯敦的罗斯林·达奇感到非常恼火。
2....millions of people complain to the British Tourist Authority every year,
and many receive some form of compensation.
……每年数百万人向英国旅游局投诉,而且还有很多人获得了某种形式的赔偿。
其他表达
3.Her face clouded over with anger.
她怒容满面。
4.He let out cries of anger.
他发出愤怒的喊声。
5.His voice trembled with anger.
他气得声音发抖。
微写作训练
1.他感到非常生气,怒气冲冲地冲出房间,重重地关上身后的门。
He felt so annoyed that he stormed out of the room,slamming the door furiously behind him.
2.他大发雷霆,气得脸都红了,显然他已经懊恼到了极点。
As he flew into a temper,his face turning red with anger,it was clear that he was beyond frustrated.(共111张PPT)
UNIT 11　CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE
[头脑风暴·思维发散]
Have you ever been in a conflict or been angry at someone and not known how to solve it Healthy and creative conflict solution is an essential skill that many people don’t know how to master.In this unit,you will learn how to deal with conflicts in your daily life.
Can you add more examples of how people deal with conflicts
　
Part 1
Topic Talk,Lesson 1,Lesson 2
自主预习·课前清障
基础识记
1.compromise　 n.
2.somewhat adv.
3.ashamed adj.
4.maturity n.
5.self-control n.
6.tank n.
阅读单词
折中,妥协
有点,有几分
内疚的,惭愧的
成熟
自制力;自我控制
(储存液体或气体的)箱,罐
7.plug vt.
8.drummer n.
9.drum vi.
10.vote n.
11.cease vi.& vt.
12.property n.
13.chorus n.
把……塞住,堵塞;填塞
鼓手
击鼓,打鼓
投票(指行为);票数
停止,终止,结束
房产;所有物;财产
齐声;副歌;合唱团
14.prejudiced adj.
15.bitter adj.
16.anyhow adv.
17.remote adj.
18.edge n.
19.keen adj.
20.balcony n.
有偏见的,有成见的,歧视的
愤愤不平的;带来痛苦的,令人难过的;苦的
(非正式)尽管如此;至少
偏僻的,偏远的
边缘,外围
着迷的,有强烈兴趣的
阳台
1. vt.发现,察觉(尤指不易觉察到的事物)
2. vt.监督;监视;监测,检测
n.显示器,监视器
3. vi.& vt.打包
n.包,包裹
4. vt.逮捕,拘捕;抑制;阻止
5. n.(男装)裁缝
核心单词
detect
detect
pack
arrest
tailor
6. adj.礼貌而友善的,和蔼可亲的
7. vt.忍受;忍耐;容忍,容许;宽容
8. vi.& vt.(使)担心,(使)生气,(使)苦恼
9. vi.& vt.回想,回忆起
10. vi.& vt.(使)退出(活动、组织等)
pleasant
tolerate
bother
recall
withdraw
运用单词
1.negotiate vi.& vt.谈判,协商→ n.谈判,协商
2.inquire vi.& vt.询问,打听→ n.询问,疑问;调查
3.resolve vt.解决(问题、困难)→ n.决定;解决
4.annoying adj.讨厌的,令人气恼的→ vt.使恼怒,使烦恼;打扰→
adj.烦恼的,生气的
5.inconvenience n.不便,麻烦→ n.方便,便利→
adj.方便的,便利的
negotiation
inquiry
resolution
annoy
annoyed
convenience
convenient
6.assign vt.分配,分派,指派(任务) → n.任务,作业
7.complaint n.投诉→ v.抱怨;投诉
8.warning n.警告,警示;告诫→ v.警告,提醒
9.literally adv.确实地→ adj.字面意义的
10.violently adv.激烈地,剧烈地;凶猛地,暴力地→ adj.激烈的,剧烈的,猛烈的→ n.暴力行为,暴力
11.firmly adv.坚定地,坚决地→ adj.坚定的;牢固的 n.公司 vt.使坚固
assignment
complain
warn
literal
violent
violence
firm
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1. 　　　　　 为……道歉
2. 被逼疯,抓狂
3. 遭受;暴露于;接触到
4. 把某物租给某人
5. 对……有影响
apologise for
be driven mad
be exposed to
rent sth.to sb.
have an influence on
6. 达成决议
7. 应该做某事
8. 整理床铺
9. 去掉,摆脱
10. 刹那间;立刻,一下子
come to a resolution
ought to do sth.
make the bed
get rid of
in a flash
11. 承诺做某事
12. 一大群……
13. 坚持
14. 与……协商/谈判
15. 提出
promise to do sth.
a large crowd of
hold out
negotiate with...
put forward
重点句型
1.马明是个单身汉,经常在晚上开派对,但最大的问题是他常常打鼓到深夜。
,Ma Ming often held parties at night,but the biggest problem was his tendency to drum late at night.
2.房东说他如果知道马明是个鼓手,就不会把房子租给他。
The flat-owner said if he that Ma Ming was a drummer,he
the flat to him.
Being single
had known
wouldn’t have rented
3.充足的睡眠对人们的健康很重要,收到这样的集体投诉,我们不得不采取
行动。
is important for people’s health and,after such a chorus of complaints,we had to take action.
4.80岁的退休裁缝詹姆斯·迈奇,周六的晚上是在监狱里度过的,因为用拐杖打了30岁的基思·史密斯的头。
Eighty-year-old retired tailor,James McKay,spent Saturday night in a cell after with his walking stick.
Getting enough sleep
hitting 30-year-old Keith Smith over the head
5.我们本来高兴地坐在阳台看报纸,突然间很多水从天而降,把我们都给浇湿了,就像穿着衣服洗了个澡一样!
We’d there happily reading our newspapers, suddenly so much water would come from above
!
be sitting
when
that we’d be as wet as if we had
showered with our clothes on
学习理解·语篇解构
语篇导读·先行把握
■
■
1.主题语境:人与社会——邻里冲突
2.语篇类型:记叙文
3.课文内容分析:本文介绍了两个邻里冲突的事例,强调了邻里和谐的重要性。阅读本文,有利于培养学生与人为善,善解人意,与他人和睦共处的意识和能力。
多维解读·深度剖析
■
■
drummer
disturbing
rented flat
Neighbours
wet
cell
精研细读·深层理解
■
■
1.Why did Ma Ming have to move out of his rented flat
Because his neighbours complained about him for disturbing the peace at night.
2.What did the community council do to resolve the issue
They gave Ma Ming a warning and urged him to stop drumming or leave the flat.
3.What was Ma Ming’s attitude towards the conflict
He felt the neighbours were prejudiced against him.
4.What are the two passages mainly about
They are about neighbourhood conflicts.
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
◆detect vt.发现,察觉(尤指不易觉察到的事物)
1.We detected an error with your account.
我们检测到您的账户有错误。
归 纳 拓 展
(1)detect sb./sth.doing sth.发现某人/某物正在做某事
detect sb./sth.do sth.发现某人/某物做了某事
(2)detection n.发现,察觉;侦查
(3)detector n.探测器
(4)detective n.警探,侦探 adj.侦查的;刑侦的
I seemed to detect some anger in his voice.
我似乎在他的声音中察觉到一些愤怒。
He detected a ship moving down the starboard side of the submarine.
他发现有一艘船正在潜艇的右侧航行。
Early detection of cancers is vitally important.
癌症的早期查出是极为重要的。
detect sb./sth.doing sth.发现某人/某物正在做某事
单句语法填空
①He detected a thief 　　　　 (slip) into the house when he passed by.
②The new test should aid in the early 　 　　　 (detect) of the disease.
完成句子
③有些声音是人耳无法察觉的。
Some sounds cannot 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
语境运用
slipping
detection　
be detected by the human ear
◆annoyed adj.烦恼的,生气的
2.I’m somewhat annoyed with myself recently.
我最近有点生自己的气。
归 纳 拓 展
(1)be annoyed with sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而生某人的气
be annoyed at/about sth.对某事生气/厌烦
be annoyed to do/that...做……感到生气/因……而感到生气
(2)annoy vt.使烦恼,使恼怒;打扰
(3)annoyance n.[U]恼怒,烦恼;[C]使人烦恼的事
to one’s annoyance让某人生气的是
(4)annoying adj.讨厌的,令人气恼的(表示事物的性质)
His mother was annoyed with him for being so rude to their neighbours.
他母亲因为他对邻居如此粗暴无礼而生他的气。
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions.(2022全国甲,七选五)
你使用筷子的方式很重要,这可以避免惹恼你的同伴。
be annoyed with sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而生某人的气
Much to our annoyance,they resolved not to come after all.
令我们感到非常生气的是,他们最终决定不来了。
Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day
谁没有收到过毁掉一整天的烦人的电子邮件呢
to one’s annoyance让某人生气的是
用annoy的适当形式填空
①I was 　　　 　 that they hadn’t turned up.
②Her most 　　 　　 habit is eating with her eyes focused on her phone.
③One of the greatest 　 　　　 is being bitten by mosquitoes every night.
一句多译
令珍妮感到恼火的是,其他人没等她就走了。
→④　　　　　　　　　　　　,the others left without her.(annoyance)
→⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　 was that the others left without her.
(annoy)
annoyed
语境运用
annoying
annoyances
To Jenny’s annoyance
What annoyed Jenny
◆ashamed adj.内疚的,惭愧的
3.I’m ashamed to admit that I really struggle with myself about playing mobile games.
我羞于承认在玩手机游戏方面我确实一直在和自己做斗争。
归 纳 拓 展
(1)feel/be ashamed of/that...为……感到羞愧
feel/be ashamed to do sth.羞于做某事
(2)shame vt.使感到羞耻/羞愧 n.羞愧,惭愧;令人遗憾的事
What a shame/pity!真可惜!
It is a shame that...很遗憾……
(3)shameful adj.可耻的;丢脸的
(读后续写之心理描写)Anxious and ashamed,I said nothing,wondering if he would fire me right away.
我既焦虑又羞愧,什么也没说,心想他会不会马上解雇我。
I feel quite ashamed that I have not fulfilled the task.
我为没有完成任务感到很惭愧。
feel/be ashamed of/that...为……感到羞愧
单句语法填空
①I am ashamed 　　　　(cause) you so much trouble and please accept my sincere apology.
②It is 　　　　 shame that you have missed the nice beginning of the film.
③She feels ashamed 　　　　 not having been able to help her friend in need.
完成句子
④我因粗心犯了一些错误,对此感到很羞愧。
　　　　　　　　　　 I had made some mistakes because of carelessness.
语境运用
to cause
a
of
I was ashamed that
◆assign vt.分配,分派,指派(任务)
4.By assigning yourself a goal,you will know what you have to finish by the end of the time.
通过给自己设立一个目标,最后你会知道你必须完成什么。
归 纳 拓 展
(1)assign sb.sth.(=assign sth.to sb.) 给某人布置/分派某事
assign sb.to do sth.指派某人做某事
be assigned to sb./sth.被指派/被分配给……
assign sb.to...分配/指派某人到(某个岗位、某项工作等)
(2)assignment n.任务,作业
Later in the year,she’ll assign them research papers/assign research papers to them.
今年晚些时候,她将给他们布置研究论文。
The company assigned him to work on the marketing strategy for the new product launch.
公司指派他负责新产品发布时的营销策略。
assign sb.sth.(=assign sth.to sb.) 给某人布置/分派某事
assign sb.to do sth.指派某人做某事
单句语法填空
①His son 　 　　　(assign) to work at a county hospital after graduation.
②She completed the two 　 　　　(assign) ahead of schedule,
impressing her colleagues.
语境运用
was assigned
assignments
完成句子
③总经理派他去指导这栋大楼的建设。
The general manager 　　　　　　　　　　 the construction of the building.
④这两间大教室被分配给了我们。
The two large classrooms 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
assigned him to guide
were assigned to us
◆resolution n.决议;决定,决心;解决
5.We took a vote,and came to a resolution.
我们投票表决,达成了一项决议。
归 纳 拓 展
(1)resolve vt.解决(问题、困难);决定,下定决心 n.决心
resolve to do sth.决定做某事
resolve on (doing) sth.决定(做)某事
(2)make a resolve/resolution to do sth.下定决心做某事
weaken/strengthen/test one’s resolve削弱/增强/考验某人的决心
After a long discussion,they resolved to adopt a new strategy for the project.
经过长时间的讨论,他们决定对这个项目采取新的策略。
With firm resolve,he set out to climb the mountain,despite the challenges.
他带着坚定的决心出发去攀登山峰,尽管面临挑战。
resolve to do sth.决定做某事
单句语法填空
①I have resolved 　　 　　(assign) the most challenging task to Tom—a hard-working and enthusiastic man.
②Now the number of students who resolve　　　　 studying abroad after graduation is on the decrease.
语境运用
to assign
on
③(话题写作之饮食与健康)他下定决心要更经常地锻炼,吃得更健康,以改善他的整体健康状况。
He 　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to improve his overall health condition.
④长时间的训练很艰苦,但它们增强了队伍赢得冠军的决心。
The long hours of practice were tough,but they
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
made a resolution to exercise more often and eat healthier
strengthened the team’s resolve
to win the championship
完成句子
◆without doubt确实地,无疑地
6.Without doubt,the best thing to do is to try to negotiate with the other person.
毫无疑问,最恰当的做法就是设法和另一个人协商。
归 纳 拓 展
(1)no doubt无疑;很可能
in doubt 可疑的,不能肯定的
There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……
There is some doubt whether... 怀疑是否……
(2)doubtful adj.可疑的,怀疑的
(3)undoubtedly adv.无疑,肯定
Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out,yet they also point to a fundamental problem.(2023浙江1月,阅读理解C)
毫无疑问,这些小问题会被解决,但它们也指出了一个根本问题。
no doubt无疑;很可能
The success of the system is not in doubt.
这种制度的成功无可置疑。
Some researchers believe that there is no doubt that a cure for AIDS will be found.
一些研究人员相信,毫无疑问,艾滋病的治愈方法将被找到。
in doubt 可疑的,不能肯定的
There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……
单句语法填空
①The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb.It will 　 　　 　 (undoubted) help you get refreshed!
(2021新高考全国 Ⅰ ,语法填空)
②There is some doubt 　　 　　 we’ll have a holiday at the end of this month.
③This meeting has been,　　　　 doubt,one of the most useful we have had so far.
④He holds a(n) 　 　　　 (doubt) attitude towards the latest findings.
语境运用
undoubtedly
whether
without
doubtful
重点句式
◆现在分词作状语
1.Being single,Ma Ming often held parties at night,but the biggest problem was his tendency to drum late at night.
马明是个单身汉,经常在晚上开派对,但最大的问题是他常常打鼓到深夜。
归纳拓展
Being ill,he didn’t go to school yesterday.
由于生病,他昨天没有上学。
Not knowing his address,I can’t send this book to him.
因为不知道他的地址,我无法把这本书寄给他。
单句语法填空
①　　　　 (see) a ray of hope,Ms.Burdeyney began raising money for the project with a friend...(2022浙江1月,完形填空)
②To strengthen the connection with young people,the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media,　　　　 (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.(2022全国乙,语法填空)
语境运用
Seeing
inviting
③One day,while 　　　　 (drive) near her home,she saw a dog wandering on the road,clearly lost.(2022浙江1月,阅读理解A)
④Youth covers all the topics that senior students are interested in,
　　　　 (guide) us to the outer world as a silent friend.(2021新高考全国Ⅰ,写作)
⑤It rained heavily for several days,　　　　 (cause) great damage to the town.
driving
guiding
causing
◆if条件状语从句中的虚拟语气
2.The flat-owner said if he had known that Ma Ming was a drummer,he wouldn’t have rented the flat to him.
房东说他如果知道马明是个鼓手,就不会把房子租给他。
归纳 拓展 虚拟语气 主句谓语动词 if从句谓语动词
与现在事实相反　 should/would/ could/might+do did(be用were)
与过去事实相反　 should/would/ could/might+ have done had done
与将来事实相反　 should/would/ could/might+do did/were to do/
should do
If he had taken my advice,he would have succeeded in passing the examination.
如果他听从了我的劝告,他早就成功通过考试了。
If I had seen you yesterday,I would have returned your book.
如果我昨天见到了你,我就把你的书还给你了。
单句语法填空
①They might have found a better hotel if they 　 　　　 (drive) a few more kilometres.
②We would be back in the hotel now if you 　　 　　 (not lose) the map.
语境运用
had driven
didn’t lose
③Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she
　　 　　 (live) there,she wouldn’t be able to see her parents very often.
④If he had taken my advice,he 　　　 　 (not make) such a mistake.
lived/were to live/should live
would not have made
◆动名词作主语
3.Getting enough sleep is important for people’s health and,after such a chorus of complaints,we had to take action.
充足的睡眠对人们的健康很重要,收到这样的集体投诉,我们不得不采取行动。
归纳拓展
Working this way for one year was painful enough,let alone a lifetime.
(2021天津3月,阅读表达)
这样干一年已经够痛苦的了,更别提一辈子了。
Running the website has almost turned into a full-time job.
(2021浙江6月,七选五)
运营该网站几乎变成了一份全职工作。
单句语法填空
①This is why 　　 　　 (make) lists is important in any productivity handbook.(2022浙江1月,七选五)
②Imagine a child 　 　　　 (stand) on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question:“Should I jump ”
③I quickly lower myself,ducking my head to avoid 　　　　 (look) directly into his eyes.
④I was unwilling to talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not
　　　　(stay) out with my friends too late.(2022全国甲,短文改错改编)
语境运用
making
standing
looking
staying
长难句分析
本句是主从复合句,第一个that引导宾语从句,其后的从句为强调句型,
falling onto...为动词-ing形式作后置定语,修饰the water,he cleaned his fish tanks为定语从句,修饰the way。
1.She added that it wasn’t only the water falling onto their balcony from Smith watering his plants that bothered them,but also the way he cleaned his fish tanks.
她还说,困扰他们的不仅是史密斯给植物浇水时洒到阳台上的水,还有他清理鱼缸的方式。
单句情境写作
①老师说让他生气的不仅是大卫上课迟到,还有他说话的方式。
语境运用
The teacher said that it wasn’t only David’s being late for class that made him angry,but also the way he spoke.
②妈妈说,让她失望的不仅是他说的话,还有他的所作所为。
Mom said that it wasn’t only what he said that made her disappointed,but also what he did.
本句是主从复合句,使用了be doing...when...结构,表示“正在做……,就在这时……”;主句为We’d be sitting there happily reading our newspapers,在when引导的时间状语从句中使用了so...that...引导的结果状语从句和as if 引导的方式状语从句。
2.We’d be sitting there happily reading our newspapers,when suddenly so much water would come from above that we’d be as wet as if we had showered with our clothes on!
我们本来高兴地坐在阳台看报纸,突然间很多水从天而降,把我们都给浇湿了,就像穿着衣服洗了个澡一样!
单句情境写作
①他们正在吃饭,就在这时隔壁传来了巨大的噪音。
语境运用
They were eating when a great noise came from the next door.
②他们感觉到房子似乎在剧烈地晃动。
They felt as if the house were shaking violently.
进阶提升·写作微练
描写常见的个人身份、职业
常用词汇
课文词汇
1.drummer for the 　　　　 摇滚乐队的鼓手
rock band
2.flat-owner n.房东
3.retired tailor 退休裁缝
补充词汇
4.writer/author n.作家
5.nurse n.护士
6.a responsible doctor 一名负责任的医生
7.a lawyer dedicated 一名致力于正义的
to justice 律师
8.detective n.侦探,警探
9.a fearless policeman 一名勇敢的警察
10.president n.总统;主席;院长
11.one of the most influential 我国最有影响力
singers in our country 的歌唱家之一
12.manager n.经理
13.chairman n.主席;负责人
14.engineer n.工程师;设计师
15.astronaut n.宇航员
常用句型
课文原句
1.Ma Ming,drummer for the rock band “Storm”,had to pack his bags.
摇滚乐队“暴风雨”的鼓手马明不得不收拾行李。
2.The flat-owner said if he had known that Ma Ming was a drummer,he wouldn’t have rented the flat to him.
房东说他如果知道马明是个鼓手,就不会把房子租给他。
3.Eighty-year-old retired tailor,James McKay,spent Saturday night in a cell after hitting 30-year-old Keith Smith over the head with his walking stick.
80岁的退休裁缝詹姆斯·迈奇,周六的晚上是在监狱里度过的,因为用拐杖打了30岁的基思·史密斯的头。
其他表达
4.Chinese sprinter Su Bingtian created the best result of 9.83 seconds at the Tokyo Olympic Games.
中国短跑运动员苏炳添在东京奥运会上创造了九秒八三的最佳成绩。
5.Wang Yaping,an astronaut,was selected to be part of the crew of the Shenzhou-10 space mission in April 2013,delivering China’s first televised science lecture in space.
王亚平,一名宇航员,于2013年4月被选为神舟十号航天任务的一员,在太空中讲授了中国首次电视转播的科学讲座。
微写作训练
1.自从2016年出任医院院长以来,他一直致力于医院的发展与进步。
Since he became the president of the hospital in 2016,he has been dedicated to the development and progress of it.
2.我最好的朋友的父亲是一家面包店的经理,这家面包店在儿童节期间制作小兔子蛋糕。
My best friend’s father is the manager of a bakery,which makes little bunny cakes on Children’s Day.
课文二次开发利用
课文语法填空
Here we have two reports on neighbourhood 1.　　　　 (conflict).One is about Ma Ming,2.　　　　 is a drummer.He had a 3.　　 　　 (tend) to drum late at night,but this 4.　　 　　 (disturb) the peace of the community,so he had to move out of his 5.　　　　 (rent) flat.The other is about James,who had been driven to the act of 6.　 　　　 (violent) by Smith,7.　　　　 keen gardener and fish collector.
conflicts
who
tendency
disturbed
rented
violence
a　
The water Smith sent over his balcony every day ended 8.　　　　 on the James’ floor,often 9.　　 　　 (make) the old couple as wet as if they
10.　　 　　 (shower) with their clothes on. Finally,James hit Smith over the head with his walking stick.
up
making
had showered
语法专项指导
情态动词have to,could,ought to和dare
语法原句再现
1.Ma Ming,drummer for the rock band “Storm”,had to pack his bags.
2.They couldn’t relax or read a book without plugging their ears.
3.We told him that he ought to cease drumming or leave the property...
4.Living in a hotel means the hotel staff makes the bed every day and I don’t have to do my own washing!
5.For the last two weeks,since Smith moved into the flat above us,we dared not go onto our balcony...
通过观察上述句子中的黑体词语,大家可以看出这些句子都使用了情态动词,下面让我们分别了解和学习一下它们的用法。
语法知识点拨
语法梳理
一、 have to 的用法
have to表示客观需要做的事情,意思是“必须,不得不”。后跟动词原形,有人称、时态和数的变化,与情态动词 must 意义相近。
1. have to 的陈述句形式
(1)肯定式:have(has/had) to+动词原形
I have to tidy my room.
我得整理房间。
She has to help with the washing.
她得帮忙洗衣服。
(2)否定式:don’t(doesn’t/didn’t)+have to+动词原形
You don’t have to go if you don’t want to.
如果你不想去,你就不必去。
He doesn’t have to stay at home all day.
他不必整天待在家里。
2.have to 的一般疑问句形式及简略答语
have to的一般疑问句形式必须借助助动词do/does/did。
—Do you have to look after your sister
——你必须照看你妹妹吗
—Yes,I do./No,I don’t.
——是的,我必须照看。/不,我不必照看。
—Does Jim have to do his homework
——吉姆必须做家庭作业吗
—Yes,he does./No,he doesn’t.
——是的,他必须做。/不,他不必做。
3.have to 的特殊疑问句形式
What do you have to do on Sunday
你星期天得干什么
Why does she have to move to Paris
她为什么得搬到巴黎
Where do they have to work
他们得在哪里工作
4.have to 可用于各种时态
(1)一般现在时
I have to visit Mr.Wang.
我得去拜访王先生。
(2)一般过去时
That night we had to walk home because there was no bus.
那天晚上我们不得不步行回家,因为没有公共汽车。
(3)一般将来时
We’ll have to ask Zhang Ming instead.
我们得请张明代替。
5.have to 与 must 的用法区别
(1)have to 比较强调客观需要,而 must则着重说明主观看法。
My mother is ill.I have to look after her at home.
我妈妈病了,我得在家照顾她。
You must finish your homework first.
你必须先完成作业。
(2)have to 有时态和人称的变化,而 must 则没有。
Mary has to water the trees.
玛丽得浇树。
He must bring a picnic tomorrow.
他明天得带野餐食物来。
(3)must 有时表示推测,而 have to 则没有。
He must be in the classroom.
他一定在教室里。
单句语法填空
①He was in a position where he 　　　　 (have) to force a decision.
②You 　　 　　 (not have) to knock—just walk in.
③I 　　　　 (have) to work when I was your age.
④I have 　 　　　 (collect) the children from school at 3 o’clock every day.
对点小练
had
don’t have
had
to collect
二、could的用法
1.表示能力,could 是 can 的过去式
Could you speak English then
那时候你会说英语吗
He couldn’t find his pen,so he wrote in pencil.
他找不到钢笔,所以用铅笔写了。
2.表示过去的一般性允许
When I lived at home,I could watch TV whenever I wanted to.
当我住在家里时,我可以随时看电视。
3.表示推测
We could go to Guilin this summer.
今年夏天我们可能要去桂林。
You could be right,but I don’t think you are.
你可能是对的,但我并不认为你是对的。
完成句子
①I 　　　　　　　　　　 (会开车) before I left school.
②The man over there 　　　　　　 (不可能是) Mr.Smith because he has just gone to New York.
③He asked whether he 　　　　　　　　　 (可以带书) out of the reading room.
对点小练
could drive a car
can’t be
could take the book
三、ought to的用法
1. 表示应该
既可指有责任或义务应该做某事,也可指建议或劝告某人应该做某事,还可指推测某事或某种情况应该会发生等。如:
You ought to take good care of your parents.
你应该好好照顾你的父母。
You ought to read this book.It’s very good.
你应该读这本书,它很不错。
She ought to be at work by now.
她现在应该在上班。
2.ought to与 should的区别
(1)两者用法非常接近,通常可以互换使用,只是ought to语气稍重。如:
Children should/ought to obey their parents.
儿童应该服从他们的父母。
You should/ought to be more careful when you cross the road next time.
下次过马路时,你应该更小心一些。
(2)表示出于法令规则、行为准则、道德责任等客观情况而应该做某事时,一般应用ought to;若用should则含有个人意见,强调主观看法。如:
We ought to go and see Mary tomorrow,but I don’t think we will.
明天我们理应去看看玛丽,但是我认为我们不会去。
You should not waste time in watching TV.
你不应该浪费时间在看电视上。
单句语法填空
You are his father.You ought 　　　　 (take) care of him.
对点小练
to take
四、dare的用法
1.dare表示“敢”,作情态动词时,主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中,一般不用在肯定句中。
Dare you dream of pursuing your study for a master’s degree in one of the distinguished universities abroad as Yale one day
你敢梦想有朝一日去像耶鲁大学一样的海外名校之一继续你的硕士研究生学习吗
I showed him my new blouse but I dare not tell him how much it cost.
我给他展示了我的新衬衫,但没敢告诉他花了多少钱买的。
2.dare 除用作情态动词外,更多的是作为实义动词使用,后面接不定式,要考虑人称、单复数、时态等。
Do you dare to walk in the dark
你敢在黑夜走路吗
He doesn’t dare to tell the teacher what happened that day.
他不敢告诉老师那天发生的事。
完成句子
①　　　　　　　　　　(她敢出去) alone at night
②He 　　　　　　　　　　 (不敢回答) the question.
对点小练
Dare she go out
dare not answer
真题体验
1.We then asked the child if she 　　　　 (can) see or hear the adult.(2022全国乙,完形填空)
could
【解析】 考查情态动词。句意:然后我们问孩子是否能看到成年人或听到成年人的声音。根据本句中的asked可知,时态是一般过去时。故填could。
2.Actually,a true eco-friendly trip 　　　　 meet the following principles...
(2021全国乙,语法填空)
must
【解析】 考查情态动词。此处must表示“必须”,符合语境。故填must。
3.Then you won’t have 　　　　 walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals.(2023浙江1月,七选五)
to
【解析】 考查情态动词。句意:这样你就不必为了吃饭而一天三次在行驶的火车上穿过好几节车厢。空格处应用to构成 won’t have to结构,表示“不必”。故填to。
4.Jenna told Jeff to clean it up so they 　　　　 (can) continue to cook the rest of the porridge.(2021新高考全国Ⅰ,读后续写)
could
【解析】 考查情态动词。根据上文中的told判断时态是一般过去时,此处表示“能,可以”。故填could。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.You 　　　　 (can) see from his face that he was lying.
2.The plan ought 　　 　　 (complete) at once,I think.
3.She left her key at home and 　　　　 (have) to wait outside her office.
4.Does he have 　　　　 (finish) his homework before Saturday
5.Do you dare 　 　　　 (approach) the tiger in the cage
6.They ought 　　 　　 (prepare) a few gifts for the kids.
could
语法专项训练
to be completed
had
to finish
to approach
to prepare
7.They don’t dare 　　　　 (admit) that they have got up too late.
8.We were able to play in the yard,but she 　　　　 (can) not at that time.
9.The room was so tiny that we 　　　　 (have) to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
10.In 2015,scientists discovered that a 10th-century English medicine
　　　 　 (can) kill a drug-resistant virus.
to admit
could
had
could
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1.那个人太高了,他必须低着头才能通过那扇门。(have to)
The man was so tall that he had to lower his head to get through the door.
2.他努力工作,以便能及时完成工作。(could)
He worked hard in order/so that he could finish his work in time.
3.你应该停止打鼓以免惹恼别人。(ought to)
You ought to stop drumming in order not to make others annoyed.
4.我不敢想这个手术会花多少钱。(dare not)
I dare not think how much this operation’s going to cost.
5.他本来可以通过考试,但他太粗心了。(could have done)
He could have passed the exam,but he was too careless.(共51张PPT)
UNIT 11　课时作业(三)
(分值:72.5分)　　　
[基础进阶·情境运用]
Ⅰ.语境填词(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
1.Standing on the platform,I felt the 　 　　　(sacred) and the dignity that no words could ever describe.
2.In the zoo,if a child 　　　 　 (fall) into the water and can’t swim,the dolphins may come up to help him.
3.A large number of 　　　　(carpet) are designed to stand up to a lot of wear and tear.
sacredness
falls
carpets
4.The stroke has left his right side 　　 　　(permanent) damaged.
5.The doctors hold out much hope for his 　　　　(recover).
6.Keep exercising 　　　　 (regular),or you’ll get out of shape.
7.Visitors 　 　　　 (request) to wear a mask when walking into the museum.
8.Many air travellers suffer puffy 　　　　 (ankle) and feet during long flights.
permanently
recovery
regularly
are requested　
ankles
9.In the ancient Greek Olympics,only athletic men 　　　 　 (allow) to participate in it.
10.I would like 　　　　(warn) you in advance that if you smoked here you would be fined.
were allowed
to warn
Ⅱ.单句情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.现在我和同学们相处得很好,我知道如何与人沟通。(get on with)
Now I get on well with my classmates and I know how to communicate with people.
2.公众普遍认为官方社交媒体更应该对所报道的内容负责。(be responsible for)
The public generally believes/thinks that official social media should be more responsible for what is reported/what they report.
3.那些拒绝在网上交友的人害怕被欺骗。(现在分词短语作后置定语)
Those refusing to make friends online are afraid of being cheated.
4.无论你喜欢什么,总有一个奇妙无比的主题公园会让你流连忘返。(whatever引导让步状语从句)
Whatever you like,there is always an incredible theme park that will appeal to you.
5.她走过来和我握了手,真是太不可思议了。(It+be+adj.+that从句)
It was amazing that she came up and shook my hand.
[话题延伸·素养升华]
Ⅰ.阅读(共8题;每题2.5分,共20分)
A
　　Can you imagine that you can save your own life during a heart attack by coughing Let’s see how.
A heart attack can happen to anyone.Let’s say it’s 4:17 p.m.and you’re driving home (alone of course) after an unusually hard day on the job.Not only was the workload extremely heavy,but you also had a disagreement with your boss,and no matter how hard you tried,he just wouldn’t see your side of the situation.You’re really upset and the more you think about it,the more nervous you become.
All of a sudden you start experiencing severe pain in your chest that starts to spread out into your arm and up to your jaw.You are only about 8 kilometres from the hospital nearest your home,but unfortunately you don’t know if you’ll be able to make it that far.
What can you do You’ve been trained in CPR but the guy who taught the course didn’t tell you how to perform it on yourself.
Since many people are alone when they suffer a heart attack,this article seems in order.Without help,the person whose heart stops beating properly and who begins to feel faint has only about 10 seconds left before losing consciousness.
However,these victims can help themselves by coughing repeatedly and very powerfully.A deep breath should be taken before each cough,and the cough must be deep and last long,like when producing sputum from deep inside the chest.A breath and a cough must be repeated about every two seconds without stopping until help arrives,or until the heart feels to be beating normally again.Deep breaths get oxygen into the lungs and coughing movements squeeze the heart and keep the blood circulating.
The squeezing pressure on the heart also helps it regain normal rhythm.In this way,heart attack victims can get to a phone and,between breaths,call for help.
Now,do you understand the whole matter Tell as many other people as possible about this.It could save their lives!
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了在心脏病发作时通过咳嗽挽救自己的生命的方法。
(　　)1.According to the passage,what is the function of CPR
[A]To regain someone’s breath and heart beat.
[B]To help someone treat a heart attack by himself.
[C]To teach people how to stay in good state.
[D]To train people how to stay calm when facing dangers.
A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段内容和第四段中的“You’ve been trained in CPR...perform it on yourself.”可知,CPR是帮助患者重获呼吸和心跳的急救措施。故选A。
(　　)2.According to Paragraph 5,what does coughing during a heart attack help to do
[A]To relax the heart.
[B]To get oxygen into the lungs.
[C]To keep the blood circulating.
[D]To reduce the pain in the chest.
C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知,深呼吸使氧气进入肺部,咳嗽运动挤压心脏,保持血液循环。由此可知,心脏病发作时咳嗽有助于保持血液循环。故选C。
(　　)3.What can we learn from the passage
[A]A long day’s work usually results in heart attacks.
[B]Not only the chest aches when one suffers a heart attack.
[C]People should attend a CPR course to survive heart attacks.
[D]One should cough loudly immediately when one’s chest aches.
B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知,心脏病发作时除胸口痛外,手臂和下巴也会痛。故选B。
(　　)4.In which section of a newspaper can you read this passage
[A]Health Care.
[B]Advertisement.
[C]Family.
[D]Teaching.
A
【解析】 推理判断题。通读全文,尤其根据第一段内容可知,本文介绍的是医学常识,由此可以推断文章应出现在报纸的医疗保健版面上。故选A。
B
　　CPR saves lives.It can really change someone’s life,as I found out for myself three years ago.
On 14 October 2009,my mum had an accident while playing soccer and was taken to hospital.The next morning,I was told that my mum had had a cardiac arrest (心脏停搏).I later learnt that two players on the opposing team kept breathing air into my mother’s mouth and pressing her chest for seven minutes,as they waited for the ambulance to arrive.My mum stayed in the hospital for only ten days.I know that I am very lucky to have my mum here,because most people who have cardiac arrests and do not receive CPR within the first six minutes die.
　　My mum has used this experience to spread the word about CPR.She joined the Sudden Cardiac Arrest Support Group,which was set up to help survivors and their families through a difficult experience.The support group also takes part in the Heart Walk every year,raising money for the American Heart Association.And she convinced the New York State Legislature to pass a law that would make basic CPR and first-aid training a graduation requirement for high school students.
This task is not as difficult as it may first appear to be.Every student in New York State must take health class in order to graduate.Just one or two days of health class each year will ensure that every student in the state will learn this important skill.This training is also nearly free.There is no need for a professional CPR instructor because the American Heart Association has online videos that show the newest techniques in CPR.
Also,most local EMS (急救医疗组) services will lend training models to schools.
My mum and her fellow survivors go to different high schools each year to talk to the students about the importance of learning CPR.This training will not get you the official CPR certificate (证书),but as my mum says,“You don’t need a little card to save someone’s life.”
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的妈妈在心脏停搏后被人用心肺复苏术拯救了性命,后来作者的妈妈便利用这次经历来宣传心肺复苏术,并希望能将基本的心肺复苏术和急救训练作为高中生的必备技能。
(　　)5.How does the author feel about the two players
[A]Deeply grateful.
[B]Quite concerned.
[C]A bit sorry.
[D]Rather frightened.
A
【解析】 推理判断题。 根据第二段可知,那两名球员用心肺复苏术救了作者的母亲,因此作者是非常感激他们的。故选A。
(　　)6.In what way did the author’s mother change
[A]She made efforts to improve CPR.
[B]She realised the key importance of law.
[C]She paid more attention to her health.
[D]She became an active CPR supporter.
D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段第一、第二句可知,作者的妈妈在康复后成为一名心肺复苏术的宣传者。故选D。
(　　)7.What does Paragraph 4 say about the CPR training for students
[A]It may be turned down by a lot of students.
[B]It requires little time and money.
[C]It will not become a graduation requirement.
[D]It is difficult and dangerous.
B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段第三、第四句可知,CPR培训所花费的时间和费用都很少。故选B。
(　　)8.What might the author’s mother agree with
[A]It is challenging for many students to master CPR skills.
[B]Every graduate should get an official CPR certificate.
[C]CPR skills are more important than CPR certifications.
[D]High schools should make a special card for CPR learners.
C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知,作者的妈妈认为,心肺复苏术的技能比证书重要得多。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五(共5题;每题2.5分,共12.5分)
　　Basic first aid allows you to quickly determine a person’s physical condition and the correct course of treatment.1.　　 　 But following correct first aid procedures can be the difference between life and death.
D
2.　　　 Evaluate the situation.Are there things that might put you at risk of harm Are you or the victim threatened by fire,gasses,an unstable building,live electrical wires,or other dangerous conditions Do not rush into a situation where you could end up as a victim yourself.This refers to the D (Danger) in DRABC (Danger,Response,Airways,Breathing,and Circulation).
A
Call for help.3.　　　 If someone is with you or approaches,instruct them to call the authorities and be prepared to relay information to them so they can update the responders.It is not recommended that you leave the victim unless required,but put them in the recovery position if you need to leave them for any reason.
C
Care for the person.Caring for someone who has just gone through serious hurts includes both physical treatment and emotional support.
Remember to stay calm and try to put him/her at ease.Let the person know that help is on its way and that everything will be alright.4.　　
Stop the bleeding first.After you have established that the victim is breathing and has a pulse,your next priority should be to control any bleeding.5.　　　 Use direct pressure on a wound before trying any other method to manage bleeding.
E
F
A.Check the surroundings.
B.Provide first aid for a broken bone.
C.Do so before you begin assisting the victim.
D.You should always seek professional medical help as soon as you are able to.
E.Other ways to comfort the victim include asking for their name,or their interests.
F.Control of bleeding is one of the most important things you can do to save a victim.
G.Anyone who has suffered a severe injury or life-threatening situation is at risk for shock.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章具体介绍了如何正确实施急救措施。
1.【答案】 D
【解析】 前文“Basic first aid allows you to quickly determine a person’s physical condition and the correct course of treatment.”引出话题,肯定了基本急救的作用,后文“But following correct first aid procedures can be the difference between life and death.”强调遵循正确的急救程序的重要性,D项符合语境,说明基本急救之后应寻求专业的医疗帮助,承接前文,和后文形成转折。故选D。
2.【答案】 A
【解析】 设空处位于段首,是段落主旨句,需统领段落内容,且需和后续段落首句保持一致,使用祈使句的形式。后文建议评估周围的情况,以问题的形式提示了环境中潜在的风险,A项符合语境,契合段落内容。故选A。
3.【答案】 C
【解析】 前文“Call for help.”建议打电话求助,后文接着讲“如果有人和你在一起或靠近你,指示他们打电话给当局”。C项和后文形成并列,符合语境,其中的so指代前文的建议。故选C。
4.【答案】 E
【解析】 前文指出,记住要保持冷静,尽量让他(她)放松。让那个人知道救援就在路上,一切都会好起来的。E项符合语境,和上文形成并列,介绍了其他安慰受害者的方法。故选E。
5.【答案】 F
【解析】 前文说明急救的关键是控制出血,F项符合语境,其中的bleeding与前文的bleeding是原词复现。故选F。
Ⅲ.语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
With the wide spread of the deadly pandemic,the healthcare workers have been working day and night to take care of the 1.　　 　　 (infect) patients.Here are the details about International Nurses Day.
infected
International Nurses Day 2.　 　　　 (celebrate) first in 1965 to honour the nurses all over the world for their 3.　　 　　 (commit) to medical health and service,4.　　 　　 (appeal) to people to show care and respect towards nurses.The day also commemorates Florence Nightingale’s birth—the woman 5.　　　 　 is widely regarded as the founder of modern nursing.Florence Nightingale was born on May 12th,1820,and served 6.　　　　 a trainer of nurses during the Crimean War.
was celebrated
commitment
appealing
who/that
as
During the War,she 7.　　 　　 (manage) to care for wounded soldiers at Constantinople.Her contributions gave nursing a favourable reputation and she became a symbol of Victorian culture,8.　　　　 (especial) as “The Lady with the Lamp” because of the touching fact 9.　　　　 she usually visited wounded soldiers at night.She was also regarded as 10.　 English reformer of modern nursing.Later,she won the Royal Red Cross award in 1883 and Order of Merit award in 1907.
managed
especially
that
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了国际护士节的由来。
an
1.【答案】 infected　
【解析】 考查形容词。句意:随着致命流行病的广泛传播,医护人员夜以继日地照顾着被感染的病人。此处应用形容词作定语,修饰名词patients,表示“被感染的”。故填infected。
2.【答案】 was celebrated　
【解析】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:1965年首次庆祝国际护士节,以表彰世界各地致力于医疗卫生和服务的护士,呼吁人们关心和尊重护士。此处在句中作谓语,由in 1965可知,句子应用一般过去时,主语International Nurses Day和动词celebrate之间为被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是一个国际节日,为单数。故填was celebrated。
3.【答案】 commitment　
【解析】 考查名词。句意同上。此处应用名词作介词for的宾语,名词commitment意为“投入;奉献”,为不可数名词。故填commitment。
4.【答案】 appealing　
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。句中有谓语,前后无连词,此处应用非谓语动词作状语,International Nurses Day和appeal之间是主动关系,应用现在分词作状语。故填appealing。
5.【答案】 who/that　
【解析】 考查定语从句。句意:这个日子也是为了纪念弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔的出生——这位被公认为是现代护理学创始人的女性。空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为the woman,指人,且从句缺少主语,应用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。
6.【答案】 as　
【解析】 考查介词。句意:弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔出生于1820年5月12日,在克里米亚战争期间担任护士培训师。serve as是固定搭配,意为“担任”。故填as。
7.【答案】 managed　
【解析】 考查时态。句意:战争期间,她设法在君士坦丁堡照顾受伤的士兵。此处在句中作谓语,句子描述过去发生的事,应用一般过去时。故填managed。
8.【答案】 especially　
【解析】 考查副词。句意:她的贡献给护理行业带来了良好的声誉,她成为了维多利亚文化的象征,特别是作为“提灯的女士”,这是因为她通常在晚上看望受伤的士兵这一感人的事实。此处用副词作状语,修饰介词短语as “The Lady with the Lamp”,意为“尤其”。故填especially。
9.【答案】 that　
【解析】 考查同位语从句。空处引导同位语从句,用来解释名词fact,从句不缺少成分,且句意完整,应用that来引导。故填that。
10.【答案】 an　
【解析】 考查冠词。句意:她也被认为是英国现代护理学的改革者。此处表示“一位英国现代护理学的改革者”,表泛指,应用不定冠词来修饰,且English以元音音素开头。故填an。(共108张PPT)
　
Part 2
Lesson 3,Writing Workshop,Viewing Workshop
自主预习·课前清障
基础识记
1.bomb　　 　 n.
2.general n.
3.trench n.
4.frontier n.
5.border n.
6.flee vi.& vt.
阅读单词
炸弹
将军,上将
战壕,堑壕
国界,边境
国界,边界;边境地区
逃离,逃走
7.weep vi.& vt.
8.civilian n.
9.pray vi.& vt.
10.pile n.
11.mud n.
12.temporary adj.
13.ward n.
14.dozen num.
哭泣,流(泪)
平民,老百姓
祈求;祈祷
一大堆
泥,烂泥
暂时的,临时的;短期的
病房
一打
15.surgeon n.
16.ceremony n.
17.ban vt.
n.
18.tobacco n.
19.alcohol n.
20.obesity n.
21.tax n.
外科医生
仪式,典礼
禁止,取缔
禁令,禁止
烟叶,烟草
含酒精饮品;酒
肥胖(症)
税,税款
1. n.士兵,军人
2. n.惊恐,惶恐,惊慌
3. vt.展示,陈列
4. n.子夜,午夜
5. n.(尤指不平常的、重要的或暴力的)事件
核心单词
soldier
panic
display
midnight
incident
6. vt.伤害
n.损害,危害
7. adj.不正确的,错的;假的,
不真实的
harm
false
运用单词
1.murder n.谋杀,凶杀;谋杀罪→ n.凶手,谋杀犯
2.identification n.身份证明(文件)→ v.证明,表明→ n.身份;特性
3.greet vt.问候,迎接,招呼→ n.问候,寒暄
4.distribute vt.分发,分配,分送→ n.分发,分配,配送
5.appreciation n.感激→ v.感激;欣赏→ adj.感激的; 欣赏的
murderer
identify
identity
greeting
distribution
appreciate
appreciative
6.fried adj.油炸的,油煎的→ v.油炸,油煎 n.炸薯条
7.desirable adj.理想的,值得拥有的;值得做的→ v.渴望,要求 n.愿望,欲望
8.invest vi.& vt.投资→ n.投资→ n.投资者,投资机构
9.conclude vt.作出结论,推断出→ n.结论;结尾
10.beneficial adj.有利的,有帮助的,有用的→ n.利益,好处 v.使受益,得益于
fry
desire
investment
investor
conclusion
benefit
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1. 　　　　　 被……覆盖
2. 一堆……
3. 根据……改写/改编
4. 从……之中爬出来
5. 饱受,厌烦
6. 偶然;碰巧
be covered by
a pile of
adapt from
climb out of
be fed up with
happen to do
7. 赠送给某人某物
8. 或多或少
9. 导致,结果是
10. 各种各样的
11. 可能做某事
12. 在……方面投资
13. 对……有益,有益于
present sb.with sth.
more or less
result in
a wide range of
be likely to do sth.
invest in doing sth.
be beneficial to
重点句型
1.双方军官达成共识,午夜之前我们将暂时和平地庆祝圣诞节。
The officers we would celebrate Christmas
until midnight.
2.这是这个病人第二次来到我们这里,而这次他的双腿都被炸没了……
It was this patient’s second visit to us and this time he’d
...
came to an understanding that
in temporary peace
had both his legs
blown off
3.毋庸置疑,不健康的产品损害我们的健康。
,unhealthy products harm our health.
4.人们反对这一想法的一个原因是,制造这些产品可以创造就业机会,并带来大量税收。
making the products creates jobs and brings in large amounts of tax.
Undoubtedly
A reason why people are against the idea is that
5.此外,从伤害人们健康的活动中去赚钱是不正确的。
Furthermore, money from activities which harm human health.
it is not right to make
学习理解·语篇解构
语篇导读·先行把握
■
■
1.主题语境: 人与社会——战争记忆
2.语篇类型:记叙文
3.课文内容分析:本文收集了三个有关战争的回忆,展示了战争的残酷和人们对和平的向往。阅读本文,有利于培养学生的反战意识和和平信念。
多维解读·深度剖析
■
■
American soldiers
Christmas
temporary peace
legs
watch
精研细读·深层理解
■
■
1.Why weren’t the villagers afraid at first when they were marched into the village square
Because they thought they were safe as they had seen this before.
2.For what purpose did the general come to the hospital
To award the young soldier.
3.Why did the nurse sob
Because she felt sorry for the young soldier.
4.How did the nurse feel when she was told to clean up the ward for some VIPs’ visit
She felt turned off.
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
◆panic n.惊恐,惶恐,惊慌 vi.& vt.(使)恐慌,(使)惊慌失措
1.The calm ended and panic set in.
平静结束了,恐慌开始了。
归 纳 拓 展
(1)panic over/at/about 因……而恐慌
panic sb.into doing sth.使某人仓惶行事;使某人仓促行动
(2)get into a panic 陷入恐慌 (动作)
in (a) panic惊慌失措地;处在恐慌中(状态)
I got into a panic when I saw smoke coming out of the kitchen.
看到厨房冒烟,我顿时陷入了恐慌。
get into a panic 陷入恐慌 (动作)
The teacher suddenly announced that there would be a math test next week,
panicking the whole class into starting to review.
老师突然宣布下周要进行数学考试,这让全班同学都慌了神,急忙开始复习。
panic sb.into doing sth.使某人仓惶行事;使某人仓促行动
温馨提示
注意panic的变形:
panic的过去式及过去分词均为panicked;现在分词为panicking。类似的词还有picnic。
完成句子
①The sudden fire alarm 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(让每个人惊慌失措地跑向安全出口).
②(读后续写之心理描写)Facing the upcoming speech,he suddenly 　　　　　　　　　　　(陷入了恐慌),fearing that he would forget his lines.
③During the earthquake,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(居民们处在恐慌中),
eagerly seeking safe shelters.
语境运用
panicked everyone into running towards the safety exits
got into a panic
the residents were in panic
◆display vt.展示,陈列 n.展览,陈列
2.We were on the frontier and on Christmas morning we stuck up a board displaying “A Merry Christmas” on it.
那时我们在前线,圣诞节早晨我们竖起一块牌子,上面写着“圣诞快乐”。
归纳 拓展
(1)display sth.to sb.向某人展示某物
(2)on display在展出
She proudly displayed her degree certificate to her parents.
她自豪地向父母展示了学位证书。
Designs for the new sports hall are on display in the library.
新体育馆的设计图在图书馆里展出。
display sth.to sb.向某人展示某物
on display在展出
单句语法填空
①She displayed her wound 　　　　 the twelve gentlemen of the jury.
②Most of the other artists whose works are 　　　　 display were his pupils or colleagues.
to
语境运用
on
一句多译
目前博物馆正在展出一件埃及艺术收藏品。
③An Egyptian art collection 　 　　　　　　　 at the museum at the moment.
④An Egyptian art collection 　 　　　　　　　 at the museum at the moment.
is on display
is being displayed
◆distribute vt.分发,分配,分送;散布,分布
3.Bill distributed the beer among us and we consumed a lot.
比尔把啤酒分给大家,我们喝了很多。
归 纳 拓 展
(1)distribute sth.among/to sb.把某物分给某人
(2)distribution n.分配,分发;分布
(3)distributor n.批发商,经销商
As a representative of the charity,he distributed food and medicine among/to the victims.
作为慈善机构的代表,他向受灾群众发放食品和药物。
The map shows the distribution of this species across the world.
地图上标示了这一物种在全世界的分布情况。
distribute sth.among/to sb.
把某物分给某人
单句语法填空
①The money was distributed 　 　　　 schools in the area.
②They studied the geographical 　 　　　 (distribute) of the disease.
完成句子
③有些种类的植物广泛分布在中国北方。
Some types of plants 　　　　　　　　　　 in the north of China.
语境运用
among/to
distribution
are widely distributed
◆appreciation n.感激;欣赏
4.As the general handed him the watch,“from the army,to show our appreciation,” the kid more or less threw the watch back at him.
将军把那块“来自军队,象征我们的感谢”的表递给他时,那孩子几乎是把表扔了回去。
归 纳 拓 展
(1)in appreciation of...为了表示对……的感谢
(2)appreciate vt.感激,感谢;欣赏;理解;明白
appreciate (sb.’s) doing sth.感谢(某人)做某事
I would appreciate it if...如果……的话,我将不胜感激
I’m writing to show my sincere appreciation for the book you gave me before you left China.
你在离开中国之前给了我一本书,谨写此信以表达我衷心的感谢。
In this way,people can gain a better understanding and appreciation of peoples all over the world.
这样,人们可以更好地了解和欣赏世界各地的民族。
Please accept this gift in appreciation of all you’ve done for us.
请收下这份礼物,以感谢你为我们所做的一切。
in appreciation of...为了表示对……的感谢
We would appreciate your letting us know of any problems.
如有任何问题请告知,我们将不胜感激。
I would appreciate it if you could pay in cash.
如果你支付现金的话,我将不胜感激。
appreciate (sb.’s) doing sth.感谢(某人)做某事
I would appreciate it if...如果……的话,我将不胜感激
温馨提示
appreciate后跟动词时,只能用动名词作宾语。
单句语法填空
①I have now developed an 　　　 　 (appreciate) of poetry so I often write poems.
②I don’t appreciate 　 　　　 (treat) like a second-class citizen.
语境运用
appreciation
being treated
完成句子
③授予这个奖项是为了感谢她为电影行业所做出的巨大贡献。
The award is given 　 　　　　　　　 her huge contributions to the film business.
④如果你能接受我的邀请,我将不胜感激。
I 　　　　　　　　　　　　 if you could accept my invitation.
in appreciation of
would appreciate it
◆be likely to do sth.很可能做某事
5.If children see fewer advertisements on TV of people doing these activities,
they are much less likely to try to copy their behaviour.
如果孩子在电视上看不到做这些事的广告,他们很可能就不会去模仿他们的行为。
归 纳 拓 展
be likely to do/be...有可能做/是……
It’s (quite/most/very/more than) likely that sb./sth....某人/某物很
可能……
(That’s) a likely story!听起来像真的一样! /真会编故事!
as likely as not很可能(=probably)
(读后续写之心理描写)It was likely that fierce beasts were hiding in the dark bushes and Jane got into a panic.
凶猛的野兽很可能藏在黑漆漆的灌木丛中,简顿时惊慌失措。
(应用文写作之通知)The professor is likely to deliver a speech on how to preserve the local cultural heritage.
这位教授可能会就如何保护当地文化遗产发表演讲。
It’s (quite/most/very/more than) likely that sb./sth....某人/某物很可能……
be likely to do/be...有可能做/是……
单句语法填空
①The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely 　　　　 (seek) out new information from a broader range of sources,and are comfortable with uncertainty and new information.(2024北京,完形填空)
语境运用
to seek
一句多译
②他很可能今天晚上要来看我。
→
(be likely to do...)
→
(It is likely that...)
He is likely to call on me tonight.
It is likely that he will call on me tonight.
◆to conclude最后;总之
6.To conclude,laws to ban TV advertisements for unhealthy products are beneficial to society.
最后,禁止在电视上做不健康产品的广告对社会是有好处的。
归 纳 拓 展
(1)conclude...with...用……来总结……;以……结束……
conclude (from...) that...(从……中)推断出/断定……
(2)conclusion n.结论;结束
in conclusion最后;总之
reach/draw/come to/arrive at a/the conclusion that...得出……结论
To conclude,I wish the conference a great success!
最后,预祝大会取得圆满成功!
The report concluded that no substantive changes were necessary.
报告的结论是,无须作任何重大变更。
I’ve come to the conclusion that he’s not the right person for the job.
我断定他不适合做这份工作。
conclude (from...) that...(从……中)
推断出/断定……
reach/draw/come to/arrive at a/the conclusion that...得出……结论
用适当的介词填空
①We can come　　　 the conclusion that nothing is so precious as freedom in the world.
②　　　　 conclusion,people around the world should be aware of the real situation of water shortage.
③What can we conclude　　　　 Stafford’s research
语境运用
to
In
from
完成句子
④他以一句名言“有志者,事竟成”结束了他的演讲。
He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 a famous saying:Where there is a will,there is a way.
concluded his speech with
重点句式
◆that 引导同位语从句
1.The officers came to an understanding that we would celebrate Christmas in temporary peace until midnight.
双方军官达成共识,午夜之前我们将暂时和平地庆祝圣诞节。
归 纳 拓 展
同位语从句的引导词:
1.that
2.whether
3.what/when/where/why/how
Scientists have obtained more evidence that plastic is finding its way into the human body.
科学家们已经获得了更多的证据来证明塑料正在进入人体内。
People all over the world have a common dream that they can live in peace forever.
全世界的人们有一个共同的梦想,那就是可以永远过和平的生活。
完成句子
①The idea　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (你能把这个工作做好) without thinking is quite wrong.
②The question　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我们是否应该请一名专家) was answered by the family doctor.
③I have no idea　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (她穿多大码的鞋子).
语境运用
that you can do the work well
whether we should call in an expert
what size shoes she wears
◆“have+宾语+过去分词”结构,表示主语遭受到某种挫折或者伤害。
2.It was this patient’s second visit to us and this time he’d had both his legs blown off...
这是这个病人第二次来到我们这里,而这次他的双腿都被炸没了……
归 纳 拓 展
have 的复合结构:
1.have sth.done让别人做某事;(主语)遭受某种损失
2.have sb.doing sth.使某人一直做某事
3.have sb.do sth.让某人做某事
They are going to have the entrance hall painted white.
他们准备让人把门厅粉刷成白色。
The young man had his right foot injured in the car accident.
这位年轻人在车祸中伤到了右脚。
单句语法填空
①The dancer’s incredible performance had the audience on its feet
　　 　　 (clap) for 10 minutes at the end of the show.
完成句子
②My brother 　　　　　　　　　　　　 (钱包被偷) in the supermarket last Friday.
③Before driving into the city,you are required to 　　　　　　　　　
(洗车).
语境运用
clapping
had his wallet stolen
have your car washed
◆副词作状语,修饰整个句子。
3.Undoubtedly,unhealthy products harm our health.
毋庸置疑,不健康的产品损害我们的健康。
归 纳 拓 展
常见的作状语修饰整个句子的副词有:luckily(fortunately),
unluckily(unfortunately),hopefully,thankfully,surprisingly,
excitedly等。
Surprisingly,maths was voted as their favourite subject.
令人吃惊的是,数学被评为他们最喜爱的科目。
Unfortunately,they ran into a snowstorm along the way.
不幸的是,他们在途中遇上了暴风雪。
单句语法填空
①　　　　 (lucky),I still have some money left in my pocket.
②　　　 　(thankful),all the passengers were safe and sound.
③　　　 　(excited),the old man took out his medals and showed them to us.
④　 　　　(hopeful),you won’t have any problems after reading this.
语境运用
Luckily
Thankfully
Excitedly
Hopefully
◆it+is/was+adj.+to do sth.
4.Furthermore,it is not right to make money from activities which harm human health.
此外,从伤害人们健康的活动中去赚钱是不正确的。
归纳拓展
It is possible to walk or bike the entire 14 kilometers.(2021全国甲,语法
填空)
可以步行或骑自行车走完全程14千米。
It was hard to tell the difference between the two versions.
很难分辨出这两个版本之间有什么区别。
单句语法填空
①　　　　 is curious that no one has put together a history of both the steam and electric revolutions.(2022浙江1月,阅读理解B)
②It is traditional 　　　　 (bring) a gift to a housewarming party.
③It is not difficult 　　　　 you to deal with that problem.
④It is kind 　　　　 you to lend me a hand when I am in trouble.
语境运用
It
to bring
for
of
长难句分析
本句是主从复合句,why引导定语从句,修饰先行词A reason,that引导表语从句,其中making the products是主语,and连接的creates和brings in是并列谓语。
A reason why people are against the idea is that making the products creates jobs and brings in large amounts of tax.
人们反对这一想法的一个原因是,制造这些产品可以创造就业机会,并带来大量税收。
单句情境写作
①我反对这个计划的一个原因是,制造这些产品的成本很高,而且会造成大量的污染。
语境运用
One reason why I am against the plan is that making the products costs a lot and causes too much pollution.
②她昨天看起来沮丧的原因是尽管努力了,但她还是没能通过驾照考试。
The reason why she looked frustrated yesterday was that she didn’t pass the driving test despite her efforts.
进阶提升·写作微练
心理描写之“害怕”
常用词汇
课文词汇
1. weeping/sobbing/crying 　 adj.哭泣的
2.afraid adj.害怕的
3.panic n.惊恐,惶恐,惊慌
4. begin weeping and praying 开始哭泣和乞求
补充词汇
5.terrified/frightened/fearful adj.害怕的, 恐惧的
6.be seized with panic 惊慌失措
7.be scared to death 害怕得要死
8.can’t help trembling 忍不住发抖
9.pace back and forth 来回踱步
10.heart sink 心头一沉,心情沉重
11.in horror 惊恐地
12.freeze with terror 吓得呆住
常用句型
课文原句
1.“Still we had no reason to be afraid,”Chuc remembered.
“这我们没觉得有什么可怕的。”杜沙回忆道。
2.The calm ended and panic set in.
平静结束了,恐慌开始了。
其他表达
3.My throat tightened and my knees felt weak.
我喉咙发紧,双膝发软。
4.I froze with terror,too scared to move an inch.
我吓呆了,一动也不敢动。
5.The child was shaking with fear.
小孩吓得发抖。
微写作训练
1.三个男孩都吓坏了。他们脸色苍白,心跳得很快。
The three boys were terrified.Their faces were pale,and their hearts were beating very fast.
2.他用颤抖的双手打开信,然后心头一沉,吓得直发抖。
He unfolded the letter with trembling hands,then his heart sank,shaking with terror.
课文二次开发利用
课文语法填空
　　The following are war 1.　　 　　 (memory).In the first one,people in Chuc’s village 2.　　 　　 (march) into the village square 3.　　　　 the shooting began.His life was saved just because he was covered 4.　　　 a pile of dead bodies.However,in the second one,the British and German 5.
(officer) came to an understanding that they would stop 6.　　　　 (fight) and celebrate Christmas 7.　　　　 temporary peace.And in the third one,a boy had both his legs 8.　　　　 (blow) off in the war and refused the watch 9.
(give) to him by the general,which made the nurse start 10.　　　　 (sob).
memories
were marched
where
by
officers
fighting
in
blown
given
sobbing
语法专项指导
动词的同义词
语法原句再现
请大家仔细观察每组黑体词,看看有什么规律 经过观察不难发现,第一组中的eat和consume是同义词,均表示“吃”;第二组中的begin和start是同义词,均表示“开始”;第三组中的weep,sob和cry是同义词,均表示“哭泣”。
语法知识点拨
语法梳理
英语语言讲究用词的多样性,忌讳单调重复。因此,我们会发现英语文章中有很多同义词的使用,特别是动词的同义词。使用动词的同义词有下列作用:
一、让文章丰富多彩,避免了单调重复。
His speech stressed the importance of women’s role in society and at the same time highlighted the achievements made by women.
他的讲话强调了女性角色在社会中的重要性,同时也突出了女性所取得的成就。
该句中的stress与highlight是同义词,前后这样使用就避免了重复性。下面句子中黑体词的作用都是如此。
Take the rubbish out and bring the parcel back,or if it is too heavy for you to carry,I’ll send Joe to fetch it.
把垃圾带出去并把包裹拿回来,如果包裹太重你搬不动的话,我就派乔去拿。
The town has transformed into a big city and her school has changed into a college.
这个城镇变成了一个大城市,而她的学校变成了一所大学。
二、让表达更细腻、更准确,使读者体验更丰富。
虽然是同义词,但每个词表达的侧重点是不一样的,传达给读者的信息也是不同的。
At the beginning of the meeting,they greeted each other and talked for almost half an hour.At lunch,they began chatting delightedly.
会议开始的时候,他们互相寒暄并且交谈了近半小时。午餐时,他们便开始开心地聊天了。
上面句子中的greet表示“问候,寒暄”,talk表示“谈话”,而chat表示“聊天”;三个动词的连续使用,说明了双方的关系在不断深入。请体会下面句子中黑体词所传达的信息:
Smoking affected his throat,bad eating habits harmed his stomach,and working too long destroyed his immune system.
吸烟影响了他的喉咙,不良的饮食习惯伤害了他的胃,而工作太长时间毁掉了他的免疫系统。
Ⅰ.完成句子
1.昨天他从朋友那里收到一块名表并收下了它。
Yesterday,he 　　　 　 a watch of a famous brand from his friend and
　　　 　 it.
2.在炎热的天气里,肉很容易变质。
In hot weather,meat 　　　　　　 easily.
3.听到这个消息,他生气了。
Hearing the news,he 　　　　　　　　.
received
语法专项训练
accepted
goes bad
got/became angry
4.昨天一大群人聚集在市政厅的大钟下。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 under the Town Hall clock yesterday.
5.塔玛拉一边狐疑地盯着他看,一边摇着头。
Tamara 　　　　　　 him in disbelief,shaking her head.
6.这位老先生只是站在那里对那个小偷怒目而视,一句话也没有说。
The old gentleman just stood there,　　　　　　　　　　 the pickpocket and did not say a word.
A large crowd gathered
stared at
glaring at
7.在过去的十年里,我们的家乡发生了巨大的变化。
Great changes 　　　　　　　　　　 in our hometown during the past ten years.
8.你知道那场空难是怎样发生的吗
Do you know how the air accident 　　 　　　
9.老板答应要给她加薪。
The boss promised to 　 .
10.房间里的温度越升越高。
The temperature in the room 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
have taken place
came about
raise her salary　
is rising higher and higher
Ⅱ.选择合适的动词并用其正确形式替换下列句子中的画线词语
mention　scream　answer　make　keep
1.The computers produced in this company are of high quality.　　　
2.You can see lots of ancient items preserved in this museum.　　　　
3.The chairman talked about his hometown in his lecture.　 　　
4.They asked for the reason but nobody replied.　　 　
5.As a parent,you’d better not shout at your kids because they are so young.
　 　　
made
kept
mentioned
answered
scream
写作专项指导
An Opinion Essay
1.文体类型:议论文
2.要点内容:论点、论据和论证
文本解读
思路指引
实用表达
(1)首段
①Nowadays,it is common to advertise products on television.
现在,在电视上为产品做广告很普遍。
②As far as I’m concerned,it’s desirable/advisable to limit the time online.
我认为,限制上网时间是可取的/明智的。
③The reasons are listed as follows.
理由如下。
(2)中段
④As is known to all,a proper amount of exercise contributes to our health.
众所周知,适当的锻炼有益于我们的健康。
⑤There is no denying the fact that paying by mobile phone has become very common.
不可否认的事实是,手机支付已经非常普遍了。
⑥However,that’s not the case.
然而,事实并非如此。
⑦It is obvious that its disadvantages outweigh its advantages.
很明显,它的缺点大于优点。
(3)尾段
⑧To sum up,only in this way can we solve the problem.
总而言之,只有这样我们才能解决这个问题。
⑨Therefore,we can draw the conclusion that practice makes perfect.
因此,我们可以得出这样的结论: 熟能生巧。
⑩All in all,taking more exercise is of benefit to health.
总之,多运动对健康有好处。
佳作建构
假设你是李华,你校英语报社开设了“Reader’s Voice”专栏,邀请读者针对一些热点问题发表自己的看法。请你以“Should high school students study abroad during the holidays ”为题,写一篇英语短文投稿,阐述你对此类现象的看法。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
审题谋篇
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1.　　 　　 vi.& vt.询问,打听
2.　　 　 　 n.不便,麻烦
3.　　　 　 adv.有点,有几分
4.　　　 　 adj.理想的,值得拥有的;值得做的
5.　　　 　 vt.作出结论,推断出
inquire
inconvenience　
somewhat
desirable
conclude
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
1.现在,越来越多的高中生家长咨询,想让孩子在假期选择出国学习。(inquire to do)
Nowadays,more and more parents of high school students
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to study abroad during the holidays.
2.在我看来,这样做有点不可取。(It is+adj.+to do)
In my opinion,　　　　　　 　　　　　　 to do so.
3.父母要花很多钱把孩子送到国外。(spend money doing sth.)
Parents will 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 their children abroad.
are inquiring to
let their children choose
it is somewhat undesirable
spend a lot of money sending
4.大多数学生缺乏社会经验,并且无法受到父母的监管。(the majority of;lack;supervise)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 social experience and can’t
　　　　　　　　 parents.
5.这让他们很难控制住自己,并且可能会导致许多不便。(make it+adj.+for sb.to do sth.)
　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　 and may cause much inconvenience.
The majority of students lack
be supervised by
This makes it hard for them to control themselves
亮点提升
1.用it 作形式主语改写句3。
2.用非限制性定语从句合并句4和句5。
It will take parents a lot of money to send their children abroad.
The majority of students lack social experience and can’t be supervised by parents,which makes it hard for them to control themselves and may cause much inconvenience.
范文展示
Should high school students study
abroad during the holidays
Nowadays,more and more parents of high school students are inquiring to let their children choose to study abroad during the holidays.In my opinion,it is somewhat undesirable to do so.My reasons are listed as follows.
First of all,it will take parents a lot of money to send their children abroad.Besides,some students prefer travelling to learning.So it is a waste of money and absolutely not worthwhile.Furthermore,the majority of students lack social experience and can’t be supervised by parents,which makes it hard for them to control themselves and may cause much inconvenience.
To conclude,it is unwise for high school students to study abroad during the holidays.
写作练年来,我国出国留学的中学生越来越多,针对此趋势,有人赞成,有人反对。根据下面的要点,写一篇英语作文,并表达你的看法。
1.支持者的观点和理由;
2.反对者的观点和理由;
3.你的看法。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
写作指导
One possible version:
Recent years,more and more Chinese high school students have chosen to study abroad.There are pros and cons to this trend.
Supporters hold the view that it is the best way to learn foreign languages.Besides,studying abroad can help them learn more about other countries’ cultures,broaden their horizons and gain independence.
However,contrary to the supporters’ opinion,others are against it.According to them,high school students lack self-control,thus often making mistakes.
What’s more,it costs a lot.
In my opinion,money-consuming as it is,studying abroad is a good chance.Therefore,students shouldn’t miss it.(共56张PPT)
UNIT 11　
单元知识巩固练习
(分值:92分)
[基础进阶·情境运用]
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共8题;每题1分,共8分)
1.The loss of her purse caused her much 　　 　　(不便).
2.Police officers have been closely 　 　　　 the illegal organisation’s activities.
3.Two cars hit each other 　 　　　 and the explosive sound frightened all the pupils.
4.When we express 　 　　　(欣赏) to young people,we give them a sense of significance.
inconvenience
monitoring
violently
appreciation
5.The students 　　 　　(惊慌失措) when being told that the final exams were less than a week away.
6.No 　　 　　 should be drawn before all the facts are found out.
7.We 　　 　　 support the Asian,African and Latin American people in their struggle for their legal rights.
8.Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students to talk over what is
　　 　　(使苦恼) them.
panicked
conclusion
firmly
bothering
Ⅱ.词形转换(共8题;每题1.5分,共12分)
1.The painting is not a 　 　　　 (represent) of his works of the period.
2.It can be 　 　　　(benefit) to share your feelings with someone you trust.
3.He felt 　　 　　 (shame) and guilty of what he had while others might own very little.
4.I’m now out of hospital and well on the way to 　　　　 (recover).
5.We were astonished at the news that a cinematographer was
(accidental) shot and killed by a prop gun on set.
representative
beneficial
ashamed
recovery
accidentally
6.For example,America’s most popular Chinese dish is General Tso’s chicken,
which consists of 　　　　 (fry) chicken covered in a sweet sauce,flavoured with hot red peppers.
7.He is 　　　　 (greed) to acquire a certificate in handwritings.
8.A good mood 　　 　　(undoubted) has a far-reaching influence on health.
fried
greedy
undoubtedly
Ⅲ.选词填空(共8题;每题1.5分,共12分)
be exposed to,to conclude,deal with,get away from,result in,for sure,be fed up with,in doubt
1.Your ability has never been 　　　　　　—the question is whether you are prepared to work hard.
2.We should protect our skin from being sunburnt when we
strong sunshine.
3.The hurricane has 　　　　　　many thousands of deaths.
in doubt
are exposed to
resulted in
be exposed to,to conclude,deal with,get away from,result in,for sure,be fed up with,in doubt
4.　　　　　　　　,we live in an age of challenges.
5.A number of people have been employed to 　　　　　　 the backlog of work.
6.When parents are sleepy,they will 　　　　　　　　 the noises made by their kids.
7.He wanted to 　　　　　　　　 everything so he moved to a distant land.
8.No one knows 　　　　,and making predictions is a risky business.
To conclude
deal with
be fed up with
get away from
for sure
Ⅳ.单句情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.如果我们早知道这种新方法,我们早就应用它了。(if引导的虚拟条件句)
If we had known about the new method,we would have applied it earlier.
2.让日常生活更加便利是这个软件的一个主要功能。(动名词短语作主语)
Making daily lives more convenient is a major function of this software.
3.你能倾听我的问题并提供切实可行的建议,真是太好了。(It is+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.)
It is so nice of you to listen to my problems and offer practical advice.
4.怎样才能消除他们的疑虑,这个问题我们还没有解决。(how引导的同位语从句)
We haven’t yet settled the question how we can remove their doubts.
5.他不可能在阅览室读书,因为我刚才看见他在教室里学习。(can’t be doing)
He can’t be reading in the reading room,for I have just seen him studying in the classroom.
Ⅴ.单元语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
By studying the grammar of this unit,I 1.　　　　 understand the differences between some English verbs with similar meanings.“Speak” 2.　　　　 be associated with a certain language while we 3.　　 　　 say “tell” a story.Another example:
“4.　　　　” means looking at sb./sth.angrily while “glance” means looking at sb./sth.quickly.If we look at sb.or sth.for a long time,we use “5.　　　　” or “gaze”.This kind of study 6.　　　　 my interest in learning English.From now on,I will study English hard and actively 7.　　　　 the questions 8.　　　　 by the teacher in class.If I don’t understand a question,I’ll try to find it 9.　　　　.I have 10.　　　　 achieve success through my efforts.
can
should
must
Glare
stare
arouses
answer
raised
out
to
[话题延伸·素养升华]
Ⅰ.阅读(共8题;每题2.5分,共20分)
A
　　Since wars begin in the minds of men and women,it is in the minds of men and women that the defences of peace must be constructed.UNESCO is the United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organisation.It seeks to build peace through international co-work in education,science and culture.
As early as 1942,in wartime,the governments of the European countries,
which were facing Nazi Germany and its partners,met in the United Kingdom for the Conference of Allied Ministers of Education (CAME).World WarⅡ was far from over,yet these countries were looking for ways and means to rebuild their education systems once peace was restored.The project quickly gained support and soon reached a common agreement.New governments, including that of the United States,decided to join in.Upon the suggestion of CAME,a United Nations Meeting for the creation of an educational and cultural organisation (ECO) was started in London from 1 to 16 November,1945.
Hardly had the war ended when the meeting opened.It gathered together representatives of forty-four countries who decided to create an organisation that would accept a sincere culture of peace.In their eyes,the new organisation was to create the “agreement of mankind” and thereby prevent the possibility of another world war.
　　Political and economic agreements of governments are not enough to secure the lasting and sincere support of the people.Peace must be founded upon communication and understanding.
　　 Peace must be built upon the agreement of humanity.In this spirit,
UNESCO develops educational tools to help people live as global citizens free of hate and impatience.UNESCO works to ensure that every child and every citizen can get quality education.By protecting cultural richness and the equality of all cultures,UNESCO strengthens the connections between nations.UNESCO develops scientific programmes and measures as chances for development and improvement.UNESCO stands up for freedom of expression.As a workshop of ideas,UNESCO helps countries to take international rules and manages programmes that encourage the free flow of ideas and the exchange of knowledge.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了联合国教科文组织的成立及其在国际社会中所起的作用。
(　　)1.What is the main purpose of UNESCO
[A]To develop education.
[B]To share the world’s culture.
[C]To create a scientific environment.
[D]To serve the building of a peaceful world.
D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“It seeks to build peace through international co-work in education,science and culture.”可知,联合国教科文组织的主要目的是为建设一个和平的世界服务。故选D。
(　　)2.When was UNESCO actually founded
[A]In the fall of 1945.
[B]Shortly after the end of World War Ⅱ.
[C]Long before the CAME suggestion.
[D]After the second United Nations Meeting.
B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Upon the suggestion of CAME,a United Nations Meeting...was started in London from 1 to 16 November,
1945.Hardly had the war ended when the meeting opened.”可知,联合国教科文组织是在第二次世界大战结束不久后成立的。故选B。
(　　)3.What does the underlined word “thereby” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
[A]Thus. [B]Soon.
[C]Safely. [D]Secretly.
A
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据画线词所在句中的“In their eyes,the new organisation was to create the ‘agreement of mankind’”和“prevent the possibility of another world war”可知,画线词所在句意为“在他们看来,这个新组织就是要创造‘人类协定’,从而阻止另一场世界大战的可能性”,所以画线词意为“因此;从而”,和A项意思相近。故选A。
(　　)4.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
[A]How UNESCO tries to achieve its spirit.
[B]How global affairs can get well managed.
[C]What role UNESCO plays in a workshop.
[D]What international exchanges are made up of.
A
【解析】 段落大意题。根据最后一段的内容可知,本段主要讲的是联合国教科文组织是如何努力贯彻其精神的。故选A。
B
Several years ago,I was at a pre-season football practice at a high school where I was working with the team on a concussion (脑震荡) research project.The players were lined up in two rows facing each other and with little more instruction from the coach,“on the whistle,hit the man across from you”,great concern rushed through my mind.
Professional sports get the lion’s share of attention,but many children and teenagers in the United States play the same game.This directly places concussion as a significant public health concern for all.
However,for decades,concussion has been considered a temporary injury with no long-term consequences.Many athletes will “play through the pain”.In 2005,with the release of the brain tissue pathology (病理学) report of a retired national football league player,our thinking on concussion began to shift.Since then,public attention has focused on this link between brain injury and blows to the head.As our understanding of concussion progressed to understanding its significance as an injury,so too did the development of player equipment.
In the early 1900s, football was played without helmets(头盔),but severe injuries,like skull fractures,led to the occasional use of leather helmets in the 1920s.The first facemask entered the game in the 1950s.Modern helmets use advanced shell materials,have moveable panels to absorb forces,and multi-layered padding that responds to different panies will continue to improve helmets as new materials become available,guided by the newest science.
Sports are an important part of a society’s culture and they give millions of children much-needed exercise.Yet,participation in any sport carries injury risk,and concussion will always be part of that.As those children become adults and make sport their hobby or even career,ensuring that they play safely at all levels is essential.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章以脑震荡为例讲述了运动中的安全问题,并提醒我们运动中注意安全尤为重要。
(　　)5.What made the author feel concerned
[A]The coach’s inexperience.
[B]The physical conflicts among the players.
[C]Unawareness of the potential injuries.
[D]Unpredictable outcome of the project.
C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知,作者当时正与球队一起进行脑震荡研究项目,而教练命令队员去撞击对面的人,由此可推知,作者是担心教练没有意识到其中潜在的危害。故选C。
(　　)6.What did athletes use to do when meeting with sports-related concussion
[A]They refused medical assistance.
[B]They felt scared about it.
[C]They quit playing immediately.
[D]They tended to ignore it.
D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段前两句可知,运动员在遇到与运动相关的脑震荡问题时往往会忽视它。故选D。
(　　)7.What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about concerning the helmets
[A]The gradual improvement.
[B]The widespread influence.
[C]The discovery of new materials.
[D]The difficulty of mass production.
A
【解析】 段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知,该段主要是在说运动员所戴头盔的改进与变化。故选A。
(　　)8.What can be inferred from the last paragraph
[A]Exercise is vital for children.
[B]Sports safety can’t be overemphasised.
[C]No participation in sports is without injuries.
[D]Concussion is the most common injury in sports.
B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可推知,运动安全是再怎么强调都不为过的。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15题;每题1分,共15分)
A wealthy man and his son loved to collect great works of art.They had everything in their collection,from Picasso to Raphael.But a few years later,the son went to war and died in battle while　1　 another soldier.
One day,a　2　 visited the father.He said,“Sir,you don’t know me.I am the soldier for whom your son gave his life.” The young man held out a 　3　.“I know this isn’t much.I’m not really a great 　4　,but I think your son would have wanted you to have this.”
The father opened it and found a picture of his son,beautifully painted by the young man.He thanked the young man and offered to pay him for the picture.“Oh,no,Sir.I could never repay what your son did for me.It’s a(n) 　5　.”
The father died a few months later.There was to be a great auction (拍卖会) of his　6　.On the day of the auction,on the platform sat the painting of The Son.The auctioneer banged his gavel (小木槌).“We will
　7　 the bidding (出价) with this picture of The Son.Who will bid for this picture ”
Nobody spoke or raised their hand.There was　8　.
Then a voice from the back of the room shouted,“We want to see the famous paintings.　9　 this one.”
Another voice shouted angrily,“We came to see the Van Goghs,the Rembrandts.　10　 the real bids!”
Finally,a voice came from the very back of the room.
It was the gardener of the man and his son.“I’ll give $10 for the painting.” Being a poor man,it was all he could　11　.
“$10 is the bid,won’t someone bid $20 ”
The auctioneer banged his gavel.“Going once,twice,SOLD for $10!”
A man sitting in the second row shouted,“Now let’s move on to the next!”
The auctioneer　12　 his gavel.“I’m sorry.The auction is over.”
“What about the paintings ”
“I am sorry.When I was called to　13　 this auction,I was told of a(n)
　 14 　 requirement in the will.Only the painting of The Son would be auctioned.Whoever bought that painting would get the 　15　 estate (财产),
including all the paintings.”
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了一对富有的父子喜欢收藏珍贵的艺术品。战争爆发后,儿子参军,为营救战友牺牲。战友画了一幅他的肖像画送给他的父亲。父亲去世后,留下了一份特殊的遗嘱。
[文章脉络]
(　　)1.
[A]hiding　
[B]saving
[C]fighting
[D]guiding
【解析】 根据后文“I am the soldier for whom your son gave his life.”可知,儿子是营救(saving)战友的时候牺牲的。故选B。
B
(　　)2.
A
【解析】 根据后文“Sir,you don’t know me.”可知,双方并不认识,因此是一位陌生人(stranger)来拜访这位父亲。故选A。
[A]stranger
[B]salesman
[C]painter
[D]friend
(　　)3.
D
【解析】 根据后文“The father opened it and found a picture of his son”可知,这个年轻人带来的是一个包裹(package),里面放着这位牺牲的儿子的肖像画。故选D。
[A]letter
[B]cloth
[C]purse
[D]package
(　　)4.
C
【解析】 根据后文“found a picture of his son,beautifully painted by the young man”可知,这幅肖像画是年轻人自己画的,但他认为自己并不是一个很好的画家(artist)。故选C。
[A]soldier
[B]designer
[C]artist
[D]winner
(　　)5.
A
【解析】 根据前文“I could never repay what your son did for me.”可知,当这位父亲打算付钱时,年轻人拒绝了,所以这幅画是他送给这位父亲的礼物(gift)。故选A。
[A]gift
[B]surprise
[C]award
[D]lesson
(　　)6.
B
【解析】 根据第一段中的“A wealthy man and his son loved to collect great works of art.”可知,这位父亲是一个收藏家,所以他去世后,有一场他收藏的绘画作品(paintings)的拍卖会。故选B。
[A]names
[B]paintings
[C]houses
[D]characters
(　　)7.
B
【解析】 根据后文“Who will bid for this picture ”可知,拍卖师宣布开始(start)竞价。故选B。
[A]end
[B]start
[C]win
[D]fit
(　　)8.
A
【解析】 根据前文“Nobody spoke or raised their hand.”可知,没有人愿意为这幅画出价,大家都沉默不语(silence)。故选A。
[A]silence
[B]applause
[C]laughter
[D]trouble
(　　)9.
C
【解析】 根据前文“We want to see the famous paintings.”可知,他们想看著名的画作,因此要求跳过(Skip)这幅画的拍卖。故选C。
[A]Leave
[B]Stop
[C]Skip
[D]Have
(　　)10.
A
【解析】 根据前文“We came to see the Van Goghs,the Rembrandts.”可知,这些人认为拍卖这幅肖像画是浪费时间,拍卖名画才是真正的拍卖会,因此要求拍卖师开始进行(Get down to)真正的拍卖。故选A。
[A]Get down to
[B]Get away with
[C]Get along with
[D]Get on with
(　　)11.
A
【解析】 根据前文“Being a poor man”可知,园丁很贫穷,10美元是他可以负担得起(afford)的全部。故选A。
[A]afford
[B]cost
[C]request
[D]lend
(　　)12.
B
【解析】 根据后文“I’m sorry.The auction is over.”可知,拍卖师放下(put down)了拍卖锤,宣布拍卖结束。故选B。
[A]handed out
[B]put down
[C]picked up
[D]turned over
(　　)13.
C
【解析】 根据后文“this auction”可知,拍卖师是被叫来主持(conduct)这场拍卖会的。故选C。
[A]control
[B]act
[C]conduct
[D]manage
(　　)14.
A
【解析】 根据后文“in the will”可知,该要求是写在遗嘱里的一个秘密(secret)要求,别人不知道。故选A。
[A]secret
[B]public
[C]funny
[D]unbelievable
(　　)15.
B
【解析】 根据后文“including all the paintings”可知,买走这幅肖像画的人能得到包括全部绘画作品在内的所有(entire)财产。故选B。
[A]most
[B]entire
[C]major
[D]exact(共53张PPT)
UNIT 11　课时作业(二)
(分值:72.5分)
[基础进阶·情境运用]
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共8题;每题1分,共8分)
1.When his painting was 　　 　　 to the public for the first time,it was a hit.
2.They argue persuasively in favour of a total 　　　　 on handguns.
3.The police identified the exact location of the 　　 　　 through accurate analysis of the clues.
displayed
ban
murderer
4.The monument was set up in honour of the 　 　　　 (士兵) who died for the country.
5.She stayed awake till 　 　　　 (午夜) because of her annoying sleeping problem.
6.　　　　 of doctors and nurses have been working day and night for weeks.
7.I have nothing to say with reference to that 　　　　 (事件).
8.No one can cross the national 　　　　(边界) without formal permit.
soldiers
midnight
Dozens
incident
border
Ⅱ.词形转换(共8题;每题1.5分,共12分)
1.I would like to express my 　　 　　 (appreciate) and thanks to you all.
2.It’s an expensive 　 　　　(invest) but it will benefit the company in the long run.
3.The woman who was on passport control asked me if I had any further
　 　　　 (identify).
4.It is 　 　　　(desire) that interest rates should be reduced.
appreciation
investment
identification
desirable
5.The food finally arrived at the end of last week and 　　　　
(distribute) began.
6.Excessive drinking is 　　　　(harm) to one’s health.
7.Tom nodded a 　 　　　(greet) but didn’t say anything.
8.At first I thought he was a bit unfriendly,but I’ve come to the 　　　　(conclude) that he’s simply shy!
distribution
harmful
greeting
conclusion
Ⅲ.单句情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.显然,他从那里什么也看不见。(副词作状语)
Apparently,he could see nothing from there.
2.使他们感到惊讶的是,他们的要求被拒绝了。(have sth.done)
To their surprise,they had their request refused.
3.请把这些照片分发给孩子们。(distribute sth.among/to sb.)
Please distribute these pictures among/to the children.
4.我们得出的结论是,公司这几个月来取得了很大的进步。(come to the conclusion that...)
We have come to the conclusion that the company has been making great progress these months.
5.在选定你未来的职业之前把所有因素都考虑在内是有必要的。(It is+
adj.+to do sth.)
It is necessary to take all factors into consideration before deciding on your future career.
Ⅳ.语法练习——选词填空(共5题;每题1.5分,共7.5分)
1.He　　　　 at the crowd who were 　　　　 at him.(glance/glare)
2.She decided to　　　　 the present that she had 　 　　.(accept/
receive)
3.The new neighbour who 　　　　 in yesterday 　　　　 the rubbish from the corner of the stairs.(remove/move)
glanced
glaring
accept
received
moved
removed
4.He is still 　　　　　　　 　 his lost mobile phone now.Can you
　　　　　　　　 when the last time he used it (look for/find out)
5.We 　　　　 the match held in our city last Friday,during which we played very well,and finally we 　　　　 the opponent.(beat/win)
looking for
find out
won
beat
[话题延伸·素养升华]
Ⅰ.阅读(共8题;每题2.5分,共20分)
A
Is war unavoidable Can war be prevented
History tells that there were wars,great or small,in every century,in every decade.Throughout the ages,from the Stone Age to the Atomic Age,men have been fighting,first with swords and shields (盾),then with guns and cannons,and now,hydrogen bombs and missiles (导弹) are used for military purposes.But,in spite of all these,it is still my belief that war can be prevented and peace can be won,but it requires the effort of every one of us.
I am sure that we would not like to experience another world war.If it ever happens,two-thirds of the world and much of the civilisation which men have gained through time,patience and efforts will be destroyed.Will then the remaining one-third of the world be able to survive on its own
Our task now is not to blame the past,but to plan for the future.
If there is peace in the world,men can use their rockets to explore the mystery of space,their submarines to explore the depth of the sea,their missiles to deliver mails and their fine equipment to penetrate the jungles of Africa,instead of using them for military.
Governments can use their money to build more schools,so that more children can be educated to be useful citizens.Scientists can use atomic energy to power steamships and planes.They can also design new machines to increase the production of goods and thus improve the way of living of the people.
How can a peaceful world be achieved It requires,in my opinion,the understanding and friendship between all people from all nations.Let no one suffer discrimination (歧视) by reasons of colour,race,religion,or national origin.Let the rich support the poor and the strong help the weak.
We know that neither peace nor such a dream world can come true in a day or a month.It may even take decades or centuries.But let us plan and begin now.
【语篇导读】 本文是议论文。文章主要论述了战争发生的可能性以及为了实现和平我们该如何做。
(　　)1.In the author’s opinion,which one is correct
[A]It is too difficult to achieve peace.
[B]Peace can be won through the efforts of all human beings.
[C]Another world war is inevitable.
[D]Wars will always exist in the world.
B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“it is still my belief...of every one of us”以及倒数第二段中的“It requires...all people from all nations.”可知,作者认为通过全人类的努力可以实现和平。故选B。
(　　)2.What can we infer from the passage
[A]Wars were not expensive in the past.
[B]Wars can promote the development of weapons.
[C]Things for military use can be transformed to peaceful use.
[D]As long as there are wars,people’s way of living cannot be improved.
C
【解析】 推理判断题。结合第五段内容可知,用于军事用途的设备可转变成用于和平用途。故选C。
(　　)3.Which word can best describe the author’s picture of the future world
[A]Optimistic. [B]Pessimistic.
[C]Imaginative. [D]Disappointing.
A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“it is still my belief... can be won”和全文内容可知,作者对未来的世界持乐观态度。故选A。
(　　)4.What’s the best title for this passage
[A]The Past and the Future
[B]To Die or to Survive
[C]War and Peace
[D]Understanding and Friendship
C
【解析】 标题归纳题。通读全文可知,文章主要论述了战争发生的可能性以及为了实现和平我们该如何做。因此C项最适合作本文标题。故选C。
B
　　Your colleague’s sharp comment keeps replaying in your mind.Two of your students are trapped in a “he said/she said” battle.When you reflect on your emotional reactions,you sometimes get caught up in cycles of negative feelings,which can make you feel even worse.If so,the answer may lie in a skill called “self-distancing”,the ability to take a step back and view yourself more objectively.According to a research,when people adopt self-distancing while discussing a difficult event,they make better sense of their reactions,experience less emotional suffering,and display fewer signs of stress.
But what might self-distancing look like in action Consider a typical “he said/she said” student conflict where they are each focusing on their own feelings.One is thinking,“I can’t believe he did that to me.” And another insists,“She really hurt my feelings.” However,if you ask them to take the self-distancing,they might step outside of themselves and ask broader questions: “Why was he so hurt in this situation ” or “How did her anger affect him ”
Although this approach may sound too simple to be effective,studies indicate that a change in point of view can have a powerful effect on the way people think,feel,and behave.Here are several different techniques you can try.
First,consider how a thoughtful friend might respond after quietly observing their situation.Besides,avoid using the pronoun “I”.Focus on using third-person pronouns,he,she,they,and they were able to see the stressful event as challenging rather than threatening.Finally,ask yourself,
“How would I feel about this one week from now or ten years from now ” This form of mental time travel may be effective because our attention is directed away from our immediate,concrete circumstances.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一种有助于打破消极循环的技巧——自我疏离。
(　　)5.What is self-distancing
[A]Getting stuck in negative emotions.
[B]A stressful situation.
[C]A study on relieving emotional stress.
[D]Reflecting on yourself objectively.
D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“the ability to take a step back and view yourself more objectively”可知,自我疏离指的是客观地反思自己。故选D。
(　　)6.Paragraph 2 is developed by　　　.
[A]example
[B]definition
[C]classification
[D]process
A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句以及最后一句可知,本段以学生冲突为例说明了自我疏离在实际行动中的应用,因此本段是通过举例的方式展开的。故选A。
(　　)7.Which of the following statement uses the techniques of self-distancing
[A]I’m angry with him.
[B]How I wish I could go back to the past!
[C]How did these two people get to this point
[D]He grabbed my notes,and then,and then...
C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Besides,avoid using the pronoun ‘I’.Focus on using third-person pronouns,he,she,they”可知,自我疏离的技巧包括避免使用代词“我”,专注于使用第三人称代词他、她或他们。故选C。
(　　)8.What is the best title for the passage
[A]Why Self-distancing Matters
[B]The Application of Self-distancing
[C]Breaking the Cycle of Negative Reflection
[D]Ways to Reflect on Emotional Reactions
C
【解析】 标题归纳题。结合本文内容,尤其是根据第一段中的“When you reflect on your emotional reactions...If so,the answer may lie in a skill called ‘self-distancing’”可知,当你反思自己的情绪反应时,你有时会陷入消极情绪的循环,如果是这样,解决办法可能是一种叫“自我疏离”的技巧。由此可知,本文介绍的是打破消极循环的技巧——自我疏离。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15题;每题1分,共15分)
　　A heartbroken grandmother has had a reunion (团聚) with her beloved pet dog.Violetta,86,ran away from her hometown when the war 　1　.She was determined to take her dog Tasha with her,but her efforts came to a tearful end,and they were forced to 　2　.Tasha was left to strangers.
Yesterday,the pair 　3　 met again,thanks to the help of kind strangers who have worked together to 　4　 the dog 1,800 miles.
Violetta’s family travelled to Ireland　5　 safety.Despite arriving safely,the 86-year-old couldn’t 　6　 talking about her “best friend” Tasha.A local charity worker,Debbie Deegan,who helped the family to get to Ireland,made it her 　7　 to reunite the heartbroken pair.
She said,“Violetta was quite　8　 about the whole thing and by the time they got to Romania they weren’t 　9　 to manage the dog so they gave it to a Romanian family.She was 　10　.She told me Tasha was her best friend.”
Debbie said,“We 　11　 a travel company for help.However,they could only get her as far as the UK,so it took one last huge 　12　 to deliver her to Dublin.”
　　Then Debbie’s friend,John D’Arcy,from Waterford,offered to go to England to 　13　 Tasha.On Saturday,John travelled with a friend by ship to England to get Tasha.
And yesterday,Debbie 　14　 the news on the Internet that Violetta had been reunited with Tasha at last—and the pair couldn’t look 　15　 about it.
【语篇导读】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了维奥莱塔一家在战争爆发时逃离到爱尔兰,途中不得不把心爱的小狗塔莎留在了罗马尼亚,慈善工作者黛比·迪根经过多方运筹,在多位善良的陌生人的共同努力下,将小狗塔莎运送了1 800英里,维奥莱塔和塔莎最终得以团聚。
[文章脉络]
(　　)1.
[A]finished up
[B]went out
[C]died down
[D]broke out
【解析】 根据语境可知,维奥莱塔逃离家乡是因为战争,the war常与broke out搭配,意为“战争爆发”。故选D。
D
(　　)2.
B
【解析】 根据空后第一句“Tasha was left to strangers.”可知,维奥莱塔与塔莎被迫分开(separate)。故选B。
[A]meet
[B]separate
[C]return
[D]hide
(　　)3.
C
【解析】 根据空处所在句的后半句可知,多位善良的陌生人辗转千里,把塔莎送上了门,维奥莱塔和塔莎最终(finally)再次见面了。故选C。
[A]quickly
[B]properly
[C]finally
[D]immediately
(　　)4.
A
【解析】 根据下文“so it took one last huge 　12　 to deliver her to Dublin”可知,deliver为原词复现。故选A。
[A]deliver
[B]meet
[C]see
[D]find
(　　)5.
B
【解析】 根据上文“Violetta,86,ran away from her hometown when the war
　1　.”以及空后的“Despite arriving safely”可知,维奥莱塔一家因战争逃离家乡,前往爱尔兰寻求(in search of)安全的庇护。故选B。
[A]in control of
[B]in search of
[C]in honour of
[D]in case of
(　　)6.
D
【解析】 根据上文“She was determined to take her dog Tasha with her...Tasha was left to strangers.”可知,维奥莱塔把塔莎当作最好的朋友,原本想带着塔莎逃亡,但不得不把塔莎留给了陌生人,所以她会经常想起并且忍不住念叨塔莎这只小狗。此处为固定搭配 can’t help doing sth.,意为“忍不住做某事”。故选D。
[A]mind
[B]allow
[C]keep
[D]help
(　　)7.
A
【解析】 根据下文“Debbie said,‘We 　11　 a travel company for help...
last huge 　12　 to deliver her to Dublin.’”可知,从黛比联系旅游公司寻求帮助这件事可以看出,黛比把帮助维奥莱塔和塔莎团聚作为自己的任务(task),一直在操心。故选A。
[A]task
[B]decision
[C]need
[D]habit
(　　)8.
C
【解析】 根据上文“She was determined to take her dog Tasha with her...
Tasha was left to strangers.”可知,维奥莱塔想带着塔莎逃亡,途中却出现状况,不得不和塔莎分开了,因此维奥莱塔变得很焦虑(stressed)。故选C。
[A]curious
[B]angry
[C]stressed
[D]frightened
(　　)9.
C
【解析】 根据空处所在句中的“so they gave it to a Romanian family”可知,维奥莱塔在逃亡中不能(able)带着小狗塔莎了,不得不将塔莎送人。故选C。
[A]willing
[B]reasonable
[C]able
[D]likely
(　　)10.
B
【解析】 根据上文“Violetta was quite 　8　 about...dog so they gave it to a Romanian family.”以及第一段第一句中的“heartbroken”可知,逃亡途中,他们不得不把塔莎送人,这件事令维奥莱塔心碎(heart-broken)。故选B。
[A]well-educated
[B]heart-broken
[C]hard-working
[D]peace-loving
(　　)11.
D
【解析】 根据下一句可知,旅游公司能把小狗塔莎从罗马尼亚带出来,但是只能送到英国,说明这家旅游公司是在爱尔兰境外,黛比需要和这个公司取得联系(contacted)才能进一步求助。故选D。
[A]paid
[B]thanked
[C]required
[D]contacted
(　　)12.
A
【解析】 根据空处所在句的前半句“However,they could only get her as far as the UK”可知,旅游公司的人只能把小狗塔莎送到英国;根据下文“Then Debbie’s friend,John D’Arcy...by ship to England to get Tasha.”可知,从英国到爱尔兰的都柏林还有相当长的一段距离,沃特福德的约翰·达西和朋友在运送小狗塔莎的任务中做出了努力(effort),把塔莎从英国接到了爱尔兰的都柏林。故选A。
[A]effort
[B]promise
[C]effect
[D]strength
(　　)13.
C
【解析】 根据下文“On Saturday,John travelled with a friend by ship to England to get Tasha.”可知,get为同义复现词,与collect同为“接”的意思。故选C。
[A]calm
[B]train
[C]collect
[D]feed
(　　)14.
A
【解析】 根据空处所在句中的“the news on the Internet”可知,黛比在网上分享(shared)了这个消息。故选A。
[A]shared
[B]heard
[C]received
[D]copied
(　　)15.
D
【解析】 根据空处所在句中的“Violetta had been reunited with Tasha at last”可知,维奥莱塔总算和塔莎团聚了,他们都非常开心(happier)。故选D。
[A]stronger
[B]healthier
[C]nicer
[D]happier(共50张PPT)
UNIT 11　课时作业(一)
(分值:85分) 　　
[基础进阶·情境运用]
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共8题;每题1分,共8分)
1.He went to 　　　　 about a letter at the post office.
2.Don’t 　　　　 Tom again.He will be having a meeting at this time tomorrow.
3.He jumped up,looking a little 　 　　　 (惭愧的) of himself.
4.It is important to learn how to 　　 　　(谈判) more effectively.
inquire
bother
ashamed
negotiate
5.The girl is 　　 　　(有点) more considerate than she used to be.
6.Not only he but also all his family were 　　　　 on concerts.
7.The dangerous situation of smog can be 　　　　(发现) by this device.
8.Encourage your kid to reach a 　 　　　(折中) between what he wants and what you want.
somewhat
keen
detected
compromise
Ⅱ.词形转换(共8题;每题1.5分,共12分)
1.Keep your eyes 　　　　 (firm) fixed on the road ahead.
2.It is 　　 　　(annoy) that a supplier puts up the price of the products we need.
3.The 　　　 　 (resolve) was passed by a two-thirds majority.
4.Our neighbours made a 　 　　　 (complain) against us with the police.
firmly
annoying
resolution
complaint
5.You need to calculate how much time the 　　　 　 (assign) will take.
6.The blue water 　 　　　(literal) took their breath away with its exceptional beauty.
7.Alex jumped up so 　 　　　(violent) that he overturned his glass of milk.
8.There’s a　 　　　(warn) on the cigarette packet that says “Tobacco seriously damages health”.
assignment
literally
violently
warning
Ⅲ.单句情境写作(共5题;每题2分,共10分)
1.他的写作风格对年轻作者产生了巨大的影响。(have an influence on)
His writing style has a great influence on young writers.
2.沟通可以帮助我们消除误会。(get rid of)
Communication can help us get rid of misunderstanding.
3.我为我们的行为道歉。(apologise for)
I apologise for our behaviors/behaviours.
4.如果你把这篇文章再看一遍的话,你就能了解作者的目的了。(if引导的虚拟条件句)
If you read/were to read/should read the passage once again/once more/a second time,you would understand the purpose of the author.
5.观众都跳了起来,鼓掌、欢呼,挥舞着他们的帽子。(现在分词作伴随状语)
The audience jumped to their feet,clapping,cheering and waving their hats.
Ⅳ.语法练习——用适当的情态动词填空(共5题;每题1.5分,共7.5分)
1.He was very ill and 　　　　 go to the hospital for treatment.
2.We are waiting to use the photos,which 　 　　　 be ready tomorrow morning.
3.The little boy was very brave and 　　　　 to swim across this river.
4.—Need I finish the task today
—No,you　　　　.
5.—　　 　　 I borrow your umbrella
—Yes,you　　　　.
had to
should/ought to
dared
needn’t
Can/Could
can
[话题延伸·素养升华]
Ⅰ.阅读(共8题;每题2.5分,共20分)
A
If you want to succeed in life,you need to express the proper body language,with or without having to say anything else.You will certainly notice a whole new reaction from people if you use the power of body language.
Relax your shoulders,keep your hands at your sides (never inside your pockets) and breathe slowly.Have a warm,welcoming facial expression as if you look forward to communicating.Depending on the situation,you may smile when appropriate.
Face the other person or your audience and keep eye contact as much as possible throughout the talk.Nodding and tilting (倾斜) your head closer can show that you are listening.
Do not fold your arms,look down at the floor or put your hands in your pockets.These can show that you are uninterested.If you have any comments,you can show them in negative but respectful ways like raising your eyebrows.
A lot of your body language can show how confident,interested,bored,
angry or nervous you are.Keeping your head up throughout the entire conversation can show that you are very much into the conversation at hand.
You may feel free to use a few hand gestures to emphasise a point.If you’re enumerating things,it’s better to use each of your fingers as you mention each item to help your audience keep track.
Pacing will help you create more ground if you have a larger crowd to communicate with.It will also show confidence on your part as you think of more things to say.
Be very careful when touching the other person since you are crossing the boundaries of body language through actual contact.Remember that in body language,it is your body that does the talking for you.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了肢体语言的力量。
(　　)1.According to the text,if you find a listener raising his eyebrows,what is he trying to say
[A]He may try to show his anger.
[B]He may want to give his own opinion.
[C]He may not understand what you say.
[D]He may want to prove his confidence.
B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第四段的最后一句可知,如果你发现一个听众扬起眉毛,他可能是想发表自己的意见。故选B。
(　　)2.What does the underlined word “enumerating” in Paragraph 6 mean
[A]Considering. [B]Judging.
[C]Numbering. [D]Discussing.
C
【解析】 猜测词义题。画线词所在句的后半部分“it’s better to use each of your fingers ...keep track”说明用一根手指代表提到的一个项目,这是在计数列举,从而推知画线词与Numbering含义相近,意为“计数列举”。故选C。
(　　)3.What’s the author’s suggestion if you have a larger crowd to communicate with
[A]To walk at a slow pace.
[B]To shake hands with every person.[C]To look down at the floor.
[D]To fold your arms.
A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知,如果你需要和很多人进行交流,作者建议行走时要放缓脚步。故选A。
(　　)4.What is a suitable title for the text
[A]The Power of Body Language
[B]The Attraction of Body Language
[C]The Origin of Body Language
[D]The Understanding of Body Language
A
【解析】 标题归纳题。通读全文,尤其是根据第一段的最后一句可知,本文主要介绍了肢体语言的力量。A项符合主题,适合作文章标题。故选A。
B
Housing officials say that lately they are noticing something different: students seem to lack the will and the skill to address ordinary conflicts.
“We have students who are mad at each other and they text each other in the same room,” says a teacher.“So many of our roommate conflicts are because kids don’t know how to negotiate a problem.”
And as any pop psychologist will tell you,bottled emotions lead to silent discontent that can boil over into frustration and anger.“At the University of Florida,emotional outbursts occur about once a week,” the university’s director of Housing and Residence Education says.“It used to be: ‘Let’s sit down and talk about it.’” He says,“Over the past five years,roommate conflicts have increased.The students don’t have the person-to-person discussions and they don’t know how to handle them.” The problem is most dramatic among freshmen; housing professionals say they see improvement as students move towards graduation,but some never seem to catch on,and they worry about how such students will deal with conflicts after college.
Administrators speculate that reliance on cell phones and the Internet may have made it easier for young people to avoid uncomfortable encounters.
Why express anger in person when you can vent in a text “Things are posted on someone’s blog on the Internet: Oh,my roommate kept me up all night studying,” says Dana Pysz,an assistant director in the office of residential life at the University of California,Los Angeles.“It’s a different way to express their conflict to each other,consequently creating even more frictions as complaints go public.” In recent focus groups at North Carolina State University,dorm residents said they would not even confront noisy neighbours on their floor.
Administrators point to parents who have fixed their children’s problems in their entire lives.Now in college,the children lack the skills to attend to even modest conflicts.Some parents continue to interfere on campus.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了现在的学生们似乎缺乏解决普通冲突的意愿和技能,并分析了这一现象产生的原因以及父母该如何应对。
(　　)5.What does the underlined word “address” in Paragraph 1 mean
[A]Speak to.
[B]Give a formal speech to.
[C]Mark with a destination.
[D]Deal with.
D
【解析】 猜测词义题。该段第一句提到,宿舍管理人员表示,他们最近注意到一种不同于以往的现象:学生们似乎缺乏意愿和技巧去处理一些常见的冲突。因此画线词意为“处理,解决”。故选D。
(　　)6.What is the main reason for many roommate conflicts
[A]Students are not strong-willed.
[B]Students are not satisfied with each other.
[C]Students are not good at reaching an agreement about the problems.
[D]Housing directors are not responsible for many roommate conflicts.
C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“So many of our roommate conflicts are because kids don’t know how to negotiate a problem.”可知,许多室友间冲突的主要原因是他们不会就问题达成一致。故选C。
(　　)7.What is the attitude of Dana Pysz when he mentions roommates disclosing their conflicts on social media
[A]Indifferent.
[B]Disapproved.
[C]Eager.
[D]Empathetic.
B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Things are posted on someone’s blog on the Internet...It’s a different way to express their conflict to each other,consequently creating even more frictions as complaints go public.”可推断,Dana Pysz认为在社交媒体上公开室友间的冲突只会使冲突更严重,所以他是不同意这样的做法的。故选B。
(　　)8.What should parents do according to the passage
[A]They should be involved in their children’s life on campus.
[B]They should constantly contact the administrators of the college.
[C]They should teach their children the skills to tackle the conflicts.
[D]They should deal with their children’s problems in their whole lives.
C
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可推断,文章认为父母应该教会孩子解决冲突的技巧而不是加以干预。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五(共5题;每题2.5分,共12.5分)
　　When it comes to relationships,conflict is unavoidable.Couples can disagree and even fight while still showing respect for each other.1.　　
·Be curious about your fights
2.　　　 A common cause of “the 5:30 fight” is one partner wanting to tell the other about their day,and the other partner avoiding it—needing a minute to reduce the pressure after getting home from work.Psychologists encourage couples to find out what causes this fight again and again,and try out ways to compromise instead of allowing the conflict to erupt.
D
F
·Schedule a time for conflict
3.　 　　 And when they do,it’s helpful to choose a time to talk through problems.Setting aside time to work out disagreements allows both partners to think about the best way to communicate their feelings in a calmer and more reasonable way.
G
·Make requests instead of complaints
Fights often start with the same two words“You always.” It’s easier for people to ask their partner why they never do something than it is to simply request that they do it.Saying“I’m not feeling happy about the way the house looks.Would you mind picking some stuff up ” is more direct and respectful than putting your loved one down.4.　　
B
·Learn the right way to apologise to your partner
Just as people have different love languages,we have different apology languages,too.It’s not enough to recognise that you’ve hurt your loved one and you owe them an apology.5.　　　 Some people want big gestures and some people just want a simple promise.The process is figuring out what’s meaningful for your partner.
E
A.Apologies should be made to them face to face.
B.It’s also more likely to result in your partner completing the task.
C.Married couples often don’t have the skills to talk about their conflicts properly.
D.However,you can deal with conflicts with your partner in a healthier way.
E.You have to know them enough to make your apology right for their needs.
F.Couples often have the same fight over and over without solving anything.
G.Though they even have the most open lines of communication,conflicts still happen.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了四种解决夫妻间冲突的方法。
1.【答案】 D
【解析】 根据设空处前文可知,夫妻间的冲突是不可避免的,而下文接着介绍的是解决夫妻间冲突的方法,所以空格处应该是一个承上启下的句子,承接上文并引出下文的解决方法。D项可以起到承上启下的作用。故选D。
2.【答案】 F
【解析】 根据空格后的句子“A common cause of ‘the 5:30 fight’ is one partner wanting to...Psychologists encourage couples to find out what causes this fight again and again”可知,夫妻可能因同一问题反复争吵,F项是说夫妻之间经常发生同样的争吵,和下文形成顺接关系。故选F。
3.【答案】 G
【解析】 根据空格后的句子“And when they do,it’s helpful to choose a time to talk through problems.”可知,G项和下文是顺接关系,下一句中的代词they代指G项中的conflicts,下一句中的do代指G项中的happen。故选G。
4.【答案】 B
【解析】 根据空格前的句子“It’s easier for people to ask their partner...is more direct and respectful than putting your loved one down.”可知,以请求的方式要求对方做某事,效果会更好,空格处的内容也应该是说这样做的好处,B项提到这也更有可能让你的伴侣去完成这件事,和上文形成顺接关系。故选B。
5.【答案】 E
【解析】 根据空格前的句子“It’s not enough to recognise that you’ve hurt your loved one and you owe them an apology.”可知,仅仅知道你欠你爱的人一个道歉是不够的。而空格后的句子“Some people want big gestures and some people just want a simple promise.”举例说明不同人想要的道歉方式也不同,所以空格处的句子应该谈到“以满足对方需求的正确方式道
歉”,E项符合题意。故选E。
Ⅲ.语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分,共15分)
In the recent years,researchers at the University of New South Wales,
Australia,1.　　 　　 (invent) a soft skin stretch (拉伸) device (SSD),a haptic device that can recreate the sense of touch.It is similar to 2.
is felt in the real world,through force,vibration or motion.
have invented
what
The research team introduced a novel method to recreate the sense of touch through soft,artificial “muscles”.It works like this: Imagine you are at home and your friend is in Australia.You wear a haptic glove with the SSDs and your friend also wears a glove with 3.　　 　　 (integrate) 3D force sensors.If your friend picks up 4.　　 　　 object,it will
5. 　　 　　 (physical) press against your friend’s fingers.And their glove with 3D force sensors will measure these interactions.
integrated
an
physically
The force signals can 6.　　　　 (send) to your glove so your device will generate the same 3D forces,7.　　　　 (make) you experience the same sense of touch as your friend.The haptic devices could allow users to feel objects inside a virtual world or at a 8.　　　　 (distant).This could be especially 9.　　 　　 (benefit) during special times when people rely on video calls to stay connected with loved ones.Or it could be used in medical practices.Doctors can feel a patient’s organ tissues with surgical tools
10.　　　　 touching them.
be sent
making
distance
beneficial
without
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。如果可以在视频通话中触碰亲人,那会是什么样的感受 这听起来或许很不可思议,但科学家通过柔软的皮肤拉伸装置正将其变为现实。
1.【答案】 have invented　
【解析】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处的时间状语 In the recent years 强调时间段而非时间点,所以用现在完成时,主语 researchers 是复数名词,助动词用have。故填have invented。
2.【答案】 what　
【解析】 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导宾语从句,引导词在从句中作主语,表示“在真实世界中的感觉”,指物,应用what引导。故填what。
3.【答案】 integrated　
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。动词integrate和名词sensors之间是动宾关系,应用过去分词作定语。故填integrated。
4.【答案】 an　
【解析】 考查冠词。object意为“物体”,是可数名词,此处泛指“一个物体”,应用不定冠词,且object以元音音素开头。故填an。
5.【答案】 physically　
【解析】 考查副词。修饰动词press,应用副词形式。故填physically。
6.【答案】 be sent　
【解析】 考查动词的语态。动词send和主语The force signals之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,情态动词can后接动词原形。故填be sent。
7.【答案】 making　
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。此处表示一种自然而然的结果,应用动词-ing形式作结果状语。故填making。
8.【答案】 distance　
【解析】 考查名词。at a distance意为“在远处”,是固定搭配。故填distance。
9.【答案】 beneficial　
【解析】 考查形容词。空处应用形容词作表语,beneficial意为“有益的”。故填beneficial。
10.【答案】 without　
【解析】 考查介词。根据上文提到的触觉设备的作用可知,医生无需触摸,通过手术工具就能感受到病人的器官组织,without表示“没有,不借用”,符合语境。故填without。

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