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高一下学期人教版高中英语必修三期末复习试题
第二部分　阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
A篇
Do you know the ancient Chinese solar term Lixia (the Beginning of Summer) ,which fell on May 5th this year, has found new life in the digital age As temperatures rose from from then on , a rather unusual trend swept through social media platforms—thousands of young Chinese posted photos of themselves "weighing in" on traditional steelyard balances, accompanied by the hashtag “Lixia Weighing Challenge”.
This tradition dates back to the Three Kingdoms period. Historical records indicate that people believed weighing themselves on Lixia could prevent weight loss during the hot summer months, symbolizing good health and prosperity. In ancient times, village elders would hang a large wooden scale from a tree branch, and every family member would take turns sitting in a bamboo basket to be weighed, while the village storyteller recorded the numbers on yellowed paper.
What makes the 2026 revival remarkable is its fusion with modern wellness culture. Fitness influencers on Xiaohongshu and Douyin have reinterpreted the ritual as a "holistic health checkpoint," combining traditional weighing with body-composition analysis. Dr. Lin Mei, a cultural anthropologist at Zhejiang University, notes: "The younger generation isn't merely copying ancestors; they're translating agricultural-era survival wisdom into a language of self-care that resonates with urban lifestyles. The steelyard balance, once a tool of material scarcity, now represents mindful living in abundance."
However, critics argue that the commercialization risks diluting the term's authentic meaning. Tea brands have launched limited-edition "Lixia Slimming Teas," and smart-scale companies market products with "ancient wisdom algorithms." Professor Wang Tao of Nanjing University warns that "when a solar term becomes primarily a marketing vehicle, its cultural depth may be flattened into a superficial aesthetic."
Despite these concerns, the revival has sparked genuine interest in traditional chronology. Sales of books on the 24 solar terms have increased by 340% since March, and community centers in Hangzhou and Suzhou now host non-commercial weighing ceremonies open to all ages. Whether this represents meaningful cultural preservation or performative nostalgia remains debated, but one thing is clear: the old wooden scale has acquired new symbolic weight in contemporary China.
1. What was the original purpose of the Lixia weighing tradition
A. To compete in village sports festivals
B. To predict agricultural harvests
C. To wish for health during summer
D. To select participants for rituals
2. How do young people today reinterpret the ancient tradition
A. They use it as a fitness benchmark in modern wellness culture
B. They reject it as superstitious and unscientific
C. They preserve it exactly as practiced in ancient villages
D. They use it primarily for commercial profit
3. What concern do critics raise about the modern revival
A. Young people lack interest in traditional culture
B. Commercial interests may weaken cultural depth
C. The tradition is too difficult to practice in cities
D. Historical records about the tradition are inaccurate
4. What can be inferred about the future of solar term traditions from the text
A. They will completely replace modern wellness practices
B. They face tension between preservation and commercialization
C. They are destined to disappear in urban environments
D. They have already lost all authentic cultural meaning
B篇
In the terraced hills of Longsheng, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 68-year-old farmer Huang Daming no longer rises before dawn to inspect his rice paddies. Instead, he checks his smartphone. Since the village cooperative installed IoT sensors across 300 acres of terraces in late 2024, Huang has become an unlikely participant in China's "Digital Village" initiative—a national strategy to bridge the urban-rural digital divide.
The transformation began with skepticism. "My grandfather farmed by reading clouds and touching soil," Huang recalls. "I thought these plastic boxes were government nonsense." The "plastic boxes" are multi-sensor units monitoring soil moisture, nutrient levels, and pest activity in real time. When data indicates a rice field needs irrigation, Huang receives a text message with precise water volume recommendations. Last season, his water usage dropped by 40% while yields increased by 22%.
The system extends beyond individual farms. A centralized platform aggregates data from 47 villages in the county, enabling predictive analytics for regional crop planning. During the spring planting season, the algorithm suggested that Huang's village shift 20% of its rice acreage to high-value medicinal herbs based on market trend analysis. The resulting herb harvest sold through live-streaming e-commerce platforms at prices three times higher than rice.
Yet digital transformation faces structural barriers. Broadband infrastructure remains unreliable during monsoon seasons, and elderly farmers often struggle with interface complexity. Village official Li Wei has organized "Digital Literacy Nights" where younger villagers tutor elders on app navigation. "Technology itself doesn't empower," Li insists. "Relationships do. The sensors are just tools; the real innovation is intergenerational knowledge exchange."
The economic impact is measurable. Average household income in Huang's village rose from 18,400 in 2023 to 26,800 in 2025. More significantly, 15 university graduates have returned to start agritech businesses, reversing decades of rural brain drain. As Huang scrolls through soil pH data on his phone, he smiles: "My grandson says I'm running 'Agriculture 4.0.' I don't know what that means, but I know my back hurts less than it used to."
5. What initially was Huang Daming's attitude toward the IoT sensors
A. Enthusiastic support
B. Strong opposition
C. Doubtful disbelief
D. Complete indifference
6. What does the centralized platform enable for regional agriculture
A. Direct government control of farming decisions
B. Data-driven crop planning and market adaptation
C. Automatic replacement of human labor with robots
D. Uniform planting of the same crops across all villages
7. What does Li Wei consider the true innovation in the digital village
A. Building faster broadband networks
B. Developing more advanced sensor technology
C. Fostering knowledge sharing between generations
D. Creating profitable e-commerce platforms
8. What is the main idea of the passage
A. Modern technology has completely solved rural poverty
B. Digital tools in agriculture require human-centered implementation
C. Elderly farmers should retire and let young people manage farms
D. Traditional farming methods are superior to technological approaches
C篇
Chen Xiaoli, a finance manager at a Shanghai trading company, received a video call on March 15, 2026, from her "CEO" instructing an urgent 2.8 million transfer to a supplier. The voice was familiar, the facial expressions natural, and the background showed the company's actual boardroom. Within 47 minutes, Chen completed the transaction. Only later did she discover that she had been victim to a "deepfake executive scam"—the CEO was an AI-generated avatar trained on three years of public speech videos.
This incident is not isolated. The National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team reported that AI-facilitated fraud cases surged by 287% in the first quarter of 2026 compared to 2025. The new generation of synthetic media tools requires merely three minutes of audio or ten static photos to create convincing real-time video impersonations. Criminal organizations have established "AI fraud as a service" operations, selling deepfake kits on encrypted platforms for as little as 800.
The psychological mechanisms exploited are sophisticated. Unlike traditional phishing emails with obvious grammatical errors, deepfake scams leverage "authority bias" and "urgency triggers"—neurological shortcuts that bypass critical thinking. Dr. Zhang Yimin, a cybersecurity psychologist at Tsinghua University, explains: "When we see and hear a trusted face, our brain's default mode network suppresses suspicion. The AI doesn't hack computers; it hacks human cognition."
Defense strategies are evolving rapidly. Several banks have implemented "multi-channel verification protocols," requiring voice confirmation through a secondary device for transfers exceeding 500,000. Tech companies are developing "digital watermarking" systems that embed invisible signatures in authentic video calls. Perhaps most promising is "adversarial training"—educational programs that expose employees to increasingly sophisticated fake videos, building cognitive immunity similar to vaccination.
However, technological solutions alone prove insufficient. Chen Xiaoli's company had purchased advanced fraud-detection software, yet the human operator overrode the system warning because the "CEO" expressed impatience with "bureaucratic delays." The ultimate vulnerability, as security experts increasingly acknowledge, lies not in firewalls but in human trust.
9. What made Chen Xiaoli's scam particularly convincing
A. The use of a large amount of money
B. The realistic AI-generated video and audio of her CEO
C. The involvement of multiple company executives
D. The use of official company documents
10. What does the underlined phrase "AI fraud as a service" in paragraph 2 imply
A. Government agencies provide AI fraud protection
B. Criminal groups sell deepfake tools to other criminals
C. Banks use AI to detect fraud automatically
D. Companies rent AI services for legal marketing
11. According to Dr. Zhang Yimin, why are deepfake scams effective
A. They exploit the brain's tendency to trust familiar faces
B. They use more advanced computer viruses than traditional scams
C. They target only people with poor education
D. They rely on complicated financial knowledge
12. What is the author's attitude toward purely technological solutions to AI fraud
A. Completely optimistic
B. Moderately skeptical
C. Totally dismissive
D. Strongly supportive
D篇
As China's Tiangong space station enters its operational phase and the Chang'e-7 mission prepares to explore the lunar south pole, a less visible frontier has emerged: space ethics. The commercialization of low-Earth orbit and the prospect of asteroid mining have forced scientists and policymakers to confront questions that once belonged solely to science fiction.
The immediate controversy surrounds "orbital real estate." With over 8,000 satellites currently operational and projections suggesting 100,000 by 2030, the risk of catastrophic collisions increases exponentially. More fundamentally, who has the right to claim orbital slots Current International Telecommunication Union regulations operate on a "first-come, first-served" basis, effectively privileging early spacefaring nations. Developing countries argue this perpetuates colonial patterns in a new domain. "Space is the common heritage of mankind," insists Dr. Amina Diallo, Senegal's representative to the UN Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space. "We cannot allow the final frontier to become the final monopoly."
Asteroid mining raises even thornier issues. A single metallic asteroid could contain platinum-group metals worth trillions of dollars. Luxembourg and the United States have passed legislation recognizing private property rights over extracted space resources, while the 1967 Outer Space Treaty explicitly prohibits national appropriation of celestial bodies. Legal scholars are divided: does mining constitute "appropriation" or merely "use"
The environmental dimension adds complexity. Lunar dust, or regolith, is extremely abrasive and electrostatically charged. Industrial mining operations could generate dust clouds that interfere with scientific instruments and future habitats. Unlike Earth, where ecosystems can eventually recover, lunar damage is effectively permanent due to the absence of erosional processes.
China has proposed the "Global Space Governance Initiative," advocating for international coordination mechanisms rather than unilateral claims. The proposal emphasizes three principles: shared scientific benefits, environmental precaution, and equitable access for developing nations. While Western media have characterized this as strategic competition, Chinese diplomats frame it as necessary multilateralism. "Technology has outpaced diplomacy," notes Professor Liu Hong of Beihang University. "We need ethical frameworks as robust as our rocket engines."
The questions extend beyond policy into philosophy. If humanity establishes permanent settlements on Mars, will Martian-born humans be citizens of Earth nations or something new As we stand at this threshold, the technical achievement of reaching space may prove easier than the wisdom to inhabit it responsibly.
13. What is the main controversy regarding orbital slots mentioned in the text
A. They are too expensive for most countries to afford
B. Current allocation rules favor established space powers
C. There are not enough satellites to fill them
D. They cause pollution in the upper atmosphere
14. What legal conflict does asteroid mining create
A. It is too dangerous for human workers
B. Different laws have conflicting views on resource ownership
C. It is forbidden by all international agreements
D. It requires too much energy to be profitable
15. What can be inferred about China's proposed Global Space Governance Initiative
A. It aims to establish Chinese monopoly over space resources
B. It seeks international cooperation and fair access
C. It rejects all forms of space commercialization
D. It focuses only on protecting the lunar environment
第二节七选五阅读（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How we spend money reveals more than our bank balances—it exposes our values, fears, and aspirations. Behavioral economists have long studied the "pain of paying," the psychological discomfort associated with spending. 　16____　 Understanding this mechanism can transform our relationship with money from one of anxiety to one of intentionality.
The pain of paying varies dramatically by payment method. Research from the University of Toronto demonstrates that cash purchases activate the brain's insula—a region associated with negative emotions—more strongly than credit card transactions. 　17____　　 Digital wallets and one-click purchasing further reduce this friction, sometimes leading to overspending not because we want more, but because we feel less.
Social context fundamentally alters spending behavior. A landmark study found that diners at upscale restaurants spent 35% more when menus omitted currency symbols ( , $, etc.). 　18____　 Similarly, "buy now, pay later" services exploit temporal distancing—separating the pleasure of acquisition from the pain of payment across time.
　 19____ Financial therapists recommend a practice called "mindful spending": pausing before purchases to ask not "Can I afford this " but "Does this align with who I want to become " This shifts focus from restriction to purpose. Additionally, converting prices into "life hours"—calculating how many work hours a purchase requires—can restore the visceral awareness that digital payments obscure.
Ultimately, money is neither good nor evil; it is a tool of translation, converting our time and energy into choices. 　20____　The goal is not to eliminate the pain of paying entirely—that would lead to reckless consumption—but to ensure our spending reflects our authentic priorities rather than manipulated impulses.
A. When we remove the symbolic representation of money, we unconsciously remove its psychological weight.
B. The key lies not in accumulating wealth but in directing it toward what genuinely matters to us.
C. Recent neuroscience research suggests this pain is actually a healthy protective mechanism.
D. This explains why casinos use chips rather than cash to facilitate larger bets.
E. However, this pain can be manipulated by marketers to drive consumption in unexpected ways.
F. By recognizing these mechanisms, we can reclaim financial autonomy.
G. The physical act of handing over bills creates a "friction" that credit cards minimize.
第三部分　语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节　完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was the final examination period at No. 1 High School, and the physics exam was notorious for its difficulty. Li Wei, a senior student who had 　21　 countless nights preparing, sat confidently at his desk. He had memorized every formula, solved every past paper, and was 　22　 to achieve a top score that would secure his university recommendation.
Twenty minutes into the exam, Li Wei noticed something 　23　. The student three rows ahead, Zhang Hao, kept 　24　 at a small piece of paper hidden in his sleeve. Li Wei's heart raced. Zhang Hao was his closest friend since middle school, the person who had 　25　 him through his parents' divorce and helped him recover from a sports injury. Reporting him would feel like 　26　.
But remaining silent 　27　 Li Wei's own integrity. He had always believed that true success meant nothing if built on dishonesty. His grandfather, a village teacher for forty years, often said, "A test measures knowledge, but 　28　 measures character." The words echoed in Li Wei's mind as he stared at the 　29　 physics problems.
During the break, Li Wei approached Zhang Hao privately. Instead of 　30　 him, he said, "I saw what happened. I won't report you if you 　31　 yourself, but I can't 　32　 this secret either." Zhang Hao's face turned pale, then 　33　. He admitted the pressure from his parents had driven him to desperation. Together, they walked to the examination office. Zhang Hao confessed 　34　, accepting a failing grade but preserving something more valuable.
Years later, Li Wei would reflect on that moment. The university recommendation came through based on his genuine 　35　. But more importantly, he learned that moral courage wasn't the absence of fear—it was taking right action despite the fear of loss.
21. A. wasted　 B. spent　 C. cost　 D. taken
22. A. desperate　 B. eager　 C. bound 　D. determined
23. A. disturbing　 B. exciting　 C. confusing 　D. amusing
24. A. staring　 B. glancing　 C. shouting　 D. laughing
25. A. carried　 B. supported 　 C. persuaded D. accompanied
26. A. betrayal 　B. justice　 C. sacrifice 　D. reward
27. A. challenged　 B. strengthened　C. weakened　 D. tested
28. A. honesty　 B. patience　 C. courage　 D. kindness
29. A. familiar　 B. complex　 C. unsolved　 D. unimportant
30. A. comforting　 B. accusing　 C. praising　 D. encouraging
31. A. forgive 　B. excuse　 C. correct　 D. blame
32. A. keep　 B. tell　 C. share　 D. spread
33. A. red　 B. white　 C. green　 D. yellow
34. A. voluntarily　B. secretly　 C. gradually 　D. suddenly
35. A. intelligence　B. effort　 C. performance　D. luck
第二节　语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The ancient Tea Horse Road, 　36____________　 connected China's southwestern tea-producing regions with Tibet and beyond, is experiencing an unexpected revival—not through commerce, but through cultural diplomacy. In 2025, UNESCO added the route to its World Heritage Tentative List, recognizing its role in 　37___________　 (shape) trans-Himalayan cultural exchange for over a millennium.
Today, young entrepreneurs along the route are transforming abandoned tea stations into cultural exchange hubs. Li Xiaoyan, 　38___________　 28-year-old from Yunnan Province, founded "Tea Bridge" in 2024. Her initiative invites international students 　39___________　 (experience) traditional tea-processing techniques while sharing their own cultural practices. "Tea is a universal language," Li explains. "It requires patience, respect, and presence—qualities that 　40___________　 (transcend) linguistic barriers."
The program has attracted participants from 23 countries, 　41___________　 (include) regions with historical tensions. During a recent session, an Indian student and a Pakistani student discovered their grandfathers had both traded along different branches of the same ancient route. "We grew up hearing 　42___________　 (differ) narratives about borders," the Indian participant reflected. "But here, we share the same cup."
Scholars note that such initiatives represent "soft heritage"—living traditions that adapt 　43___________　 contemporary contexts while maintaining core values. Unlike static museum displays, these tea ceremonies evolve. A Japanese participant introduced matcha preparation techniques, 　44___________　 were then incorporated into local practices. This organic fusion concerns some preservationists, who fear 　45___________　 (lose) authenticity. However, anthropologist Dr. Chen argues that "culture has always been a conversation, not a monument."
第四部分　写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节　应用文写作（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你校英语报"Teens and Tech"栏目正在征集关于"如何防范AI诈骗"的英文短文。请你写一篇投稿，内容包括：
1.AI诈骗的常见形式（如深度伪造视频、语音克隆等）；
2.青少年应采取的防范措施；
3.呼吁增强网络安全意识。
注意：写作词数应为80左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节　读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Dr. Chen Lin, a 34-year-old aerospace engineer at China's Lunar Exploration Program, had spent three years designing a miniature ecosystem for the upcoming Chang'e-8 mission. The "Lunar Garden" project aimed to grow rice seedlings in lunar regolith simulant—a critical step toward sustainable human presence on the Moon. But as the launch date approached, Dr. Chen faced an unexpected challenge.
Her grandmother, Chen Meihua, an 87-year-old master of Suzhou embroidery and inheritor of intangible cultural heritage, had fallen seriously ill. The doctor estimated she had perhaps two months. Grandma Chen's final wish was specific and seemingly impossible: she wanted to embroider one last piece, but not on silk—on something that "touches the future."
"You always talk about the Moon," Grandma whispered during Dr. Chen's hospital visit. "They say there's no color up there, only gray dust. I want to send color. I want to send flowers that never fade."
Dr. Chen was torn. The mission timeline was immovable; every component had to pass rigorous testing by next month. Adding an unplanned payload was technically 　46　 and professionally risky. Yet looking at her grandmother's weathered hands—hands that had stitched thousands of peonies and phoenixes—she remembered how those same hands had first pointed her toward the stars. "Reach high," Grandma had told the eight-year-old Chen. "But never forget 　47　 roots."
After three sleepless nights, Dr. Chen proposed an audacious modification to the mission director.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
　　　2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
The mission director initially rejected the proposal, citing safety protocols and schedule constraints._________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
When Chang'e-8 successfully landed on the Moon three months later, Grandma Chen watched the live broadcast from her hospital bed.______________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案
第二部分　阅读理解
A篇　Lixia Weighing Tradition（传统文化）
1. C
2. A
3. B
4. B
B篇　Digital Village（乡村振兴）
5. C
6. B
7. C
8. B
C篇　AI Fraud（网络安全）
9. B
10. B
11. A
12. B
D篇　Space Ethics（科技前沿）
13. B
14. B
15. B
七选五　Money Psychology（生活实际）
16. C
17. G
18. A
19. F
20. B
第三部分　语言运用
完形填空　Moral Choice（道德与美德）
21. B
22. D
23. A
24. B
25. B
26. A
27. D
28. A
29. C
30. B
31. C
32. A
33. A
34. A
35. C
语法填空　Tea Horse Road（多元文化）
36. which
37. shaping
38. a
39. to experience
40. transcend
41. including
42. different
43. to
44. which
45. losing
第四部分　写作
应用文写作参考范文
How to Guard Against AI Fraud
With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, AI-powered fraud has become an emerging threat to mon forms include deepfake videos that impersonate family members, voice cloning that mimics friends' voices, and AI-generated messages that create false emergencies.
To protect ourselves, we should always verify unusual requests through secondary channels, such as making a direct phone call to confirm. Additionally, we must be cautious about sharing personal photos and audio online, as these can be exploited to create convincing fakes. Installing official security software and keeping it updated is also essential.
Let's strengthen our cybersecurity awareness. Remember: when something feels urgent or too good to be true, pause and verify. Technology should serve us, not deceive us.
读后续写参考范文
Paragraph 1:
The mission director initially rejected the proposal, citing safety protocols and schedule constraints. However, Dr. Chen refused to abandon the idea. She spent the next 72 hours preparing a detailed technical report, demonstrating that the embroidery could be sealed in a vacuum container weighing only 23 grams, well within the payload margin. More importantly, she argued that the silk threads, treated with a nano-polymer she developed, could withstand extreme temperature fluctuations. "This isn't just art," she told the director. "It's a psychological experiment. If our astronauts can see something beautiful from Earth, their mental resilience will improve." Touched by her combination of rigorous science and humanistic vision, the director finally approved the payload, on the condition that it pass all standard tests.
Paragraph 2:
When Chang'e-8 successfully landed on the Moon three months later, Grandma Chen watched the live broadcast from her hospital bed. Though too weak to speak, her eyes brightened as the robotic arm deployed the small glass case containing her masterpiece—a vibrant peony blossom embroidered on aerospace-grade fabric. The camera transmitted the image back to Earth: against the gray lunar landscape, the pink and gold threads shimmered with defiant beauty. Grandma Chen passed away peacefully that evening, but her work remains on the Moon, a testament to the idea that technological frontiers and cultural roots can flourish together. Dr. Chen often says that the most important thing we left on the Moon wasn't rice seedlings—it was proof that humanity carries its heart wherever it explores.

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