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https://book.21cnjy.com/studio/detail id=2032
How different are our cultures
(Section A Grammar)
人教版（2024） 八年级下册
Unit 6 Crossing Cultures
通过本节课学习，我能够：
1. 正确使用so ... that /unless /as soon as三种状语从句；
准确区分-ed与-ing形容词并在句子中运用。
2. 识别句子中的时间、条件、结果逻辑关系，提升逻辑
思维能力；并对比不同文化行为，理性判断礼仪恰当
与否，培养批判性思维。
3. 尊重多元文化，培养得体的跨文化交际意识。
Learning objectives
In this unit we learned to talk about customs in different countries. Read and fill in the blanks.
When you are invited to dinner at a friend’s home in the UK, you can take ___________, but you should not ___________ _______ the host asks you to. Before you start your meal, you should ________ the host to begin eating. At table, people usually hold ________ in their right hand and _______ in their left hand. After dinner, remember to _______ the host and praise how __________ the food was.
Review
a small gift
bring food
wait for
a knife
a fork
thank
delicious
unless
According to the customs of India, answer these questions.
How do Indians greet each other when they meet
What food do they always eat
Do they use chopsticks to eat
Can you eat dishes with beef in India Why
Press the palms together, bow, and say “Namaste”.
Curry.
No, they don’t. They use their right hands to eat.
No, I can’t. Because cows are very special to many people. They can walk anywhere they like.
Look and fill in the blanks.
Do people bow in the US when they meet a teacher
No, that’s ____ formal ______ they don’t do it.
so
that
So the boy’s behaviour made the teacher __________.
surprised
Look and fill in the blanks.
Do people kiss others _____________ to say hello in France
Yes, but in Korean culture, they don’t ________ they love each other. So the boy feels __________ when
the girl kiss him on his cheek.
It’s ___________.
unless
on the cheek
embrassed
embrassing
Read the sentences. What do the words in red mean What’s the function of these words
4a
Do you ever bow No, that’s so formal that we don’t do it these days.
Should I bring something Sure. Bring a small gift, but don’t bring food unless the host asks you to.
I was surprised by your bow. We usually just say “hello” or shake hands in the US. That’s surprising! In Japan, we bow as soon as we meet a teacher.
Don’t look so embrassed! But it is embrassing!
No, that’s so formal that we don’t do it these days.
Don’t bring food unless the host asks you to.
We bow as soon as we meet a teacher.
引导结果状语从句
如此……以至于……
除非，如果不
一……就……
引导条件状语从句
引导时间状语从句
一、“so... that”引导的结果状语从句
so... that, unless及 as soon as引导的状语从句
“so... that”意为“如此……以至于”，引导结果状语从句。用法如下：
1. so+形容词/副词+that 从句
He was so angry that he couldn’t say a word.
他如此生气，以至于说不出话来。
2. so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that 从句
It’s so interesting a book that I can’t put it down.
这是一本如此有趣的书，以至于我爱不释手。
=such a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that从句
=It’s such an interesting book that I can’t put it down.
3. so many/few/much/little+名词+that 从句
There is so much work to do that everyone is under pressure.
有太多工作要做，以至于每个人都有压力。
注意：在“so... that”结构中，当that 引导的结果状语从句是肯定句且主、从句的主语是同一人或物时，可以与“be... enough to do”相互转换；当that引导的结果状语从句是否定句时，可与“too... to”或“be not... enough to do”相互转换。
He is so clever that he can work out the maths problem quickly.
=He is clever enough to work out the maths problem quickly.
他如此聪明，以至于能很快算出那道数学题。
He was so short that he couldn’t reach the bookcase.
=He was too short to reach the bookcase.
=He was not tall enough to reach the bookcase.
他太矮了，以至于够不到书架。
二、unless 引导的条件状语从句
unless 是连词，意为“除非；如果不”，引导条件状语从句，相当于“if... not”。用法如下：
1. 如果主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，即 “主将从现”。
Her dream will come true unless she gives it up halfway.
除非她半途而废，否则她的梦想就会实现。
2. 如果主句中包含 can, may, must 等情态动词时，从句用一般现在时，即“主情态从现”。
I can’t understand it unless you explain it to me.
除非你向我解释，不然我理解不了。
3. 如果主句是祈使句，从句用一般现在时，即“主祈使从现”。
Don’t trouble him unless you really can’t solve the problem.
除非你真的解决不了那个问题，否则别麻烦他。
三、as soon as 引导的时间状语从句
as soon as 意为“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句。如果主句用一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来，即遵循“主将从现”的原则。
She woke up as soon as you entered the room.
你一进房间她就醒了。
As soon as I hear from Lucy, I will send you a message.
我一得到露西的消息，就给你发消息。
1. The doctors were ______ busy ______they had no time to rest.
A. such; that B. so; that C. too; to
2. --When will you go to see your grandpa
--I’ll see him __________ I get off the plane. You know I miss him very much.
A. as soon as B. as long as C. as far as D. as easily as
3. Practice is very important. You will forget the new words ______ you often use them.
A. when B. unless C. if D. until
真题演练
How are the pairs of words in blue used differently
4a
Do you ever bow No, that’s so formal that we don’t do it these days.
Should I bring something Sure. Bring a small gift, but don’t bring food unless the host asks you to.
I was surprised by your bow. We usually just say “hello” or shake hands in the US. That’s surprising! In Japan, we bow as soon as we meet a teacher.
Don’t look so embrassed! But it is embrassing!
I was surprised by your bow….
That’s surprising! …
Don’t look so embarrassed! But it is embarrassing!
Adj with “-ed” is used to _______________________.
Adj with “-ing” is used to _______________________.
express people’s feelings
describe things or events
1. -ed 形容词的用法
-ed形容词与-ing形容词的用法
主语通常是人，常用来说明人的感受，在句中常作表语。
2. -ing 形容词的用法
主语或所修饰的名词通常是物，常用来说明事物的性质、状态或特征等。在句中作定语或表语。
I’m still confused about your decision.
我仍然对你的决定感到困惑。
You will miss the exciting event unless you hurry up.
除非你快点，否则你会错过这个精彩的活动。（作定语）
The speech was so exciting that nobody felt bored.
演讲如此精彩，以至于没有人感到无聊。（作表语）
Combine the sentences using the words in brackets.
1. Türkiye: People don’t kiss one another on the cheek. They can do so if they are good friends. (unless)
2. Japan: Take off your shoes. You do this when you enter someone’s
home. (as soon as)
3. Kenya: Being late is very common. You should be patient and not
expect people to be on time. (so ... that)
4. China: Sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is very rude. You should
avoid it. (so ... that)
5. Mexico: Don’t use someone’s first name if you don’t know him or her
well. You can use it if the person invites you to do so. (unless)
In Türkiye, people don’t kiss one another on the cheek unless they are good friends.
4b
In Japan, take off your shoes as soon as you enter someone’s home.
2. Japan: Take off your shoes. You do this when you enter someone’s home. (as soon as)
3. Kenya: Being late is very common. You should be patient and not expect people to be on time. (so ... that)
In Kenya, being late is so common that you should be patient and not expect people to be on time.
4. China: Sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is very rude. You should avoid it. (so ... that)
In China, sticking chopsticks into a bow of rice is so rude that you should avoid it.
5. Mexico: Don’t use someone’s first name if you don’t know him or her well. You can use it if the person invites you to do so. (unless)
In Mexico, don’t use someone’s first name if you don’t know him or her well, unless the person invites you to do so.
Next, we’ll learn how to use these words to talk about cultural differences.
Let’s watch a video then answer the questions.
Where is the writer from
Where did he go last year
Germany.
Peru.
surprising surprised interesting interested
so… that as soon as unless
Complete the passage with the words in the box. Can you tell where the writer is from
Do you know what culture shock is You may feel it when you experience a new culture, because the new culture is ______ different from your own ______ you feel __________. For example, I experienced this __________ I got off the plane in Peru last year. People were standing on my right and left, even though there was plenty of space on the bus! That was really __________ to me. In Germany, people usually like more personal space, and we don’t stand close to someone ________ we know them very well. But once I was used to it, I became more curious and ___________ in learning about the culture there. It’s so _________ to discover cultural differences like this!
so
that
surprised
4c
as soon as
surprising
unless
interested
interesting
Read the passage carefully and find out:
What are the cultural differences between Peru and Germany
In Peru:
In Germany:
People were standing close to each other, even though there was plenty of space on the bus!
People usually like more personal space, and they don’t stand close to someone unless they know each other very well.
1. But once I was used to it, ...
be used to 习惯于
Language points
辨析：be used to (doing) sth 与 used to do sth
be used to (doing) 习惯于（做）某事 to 为介词，其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式。可用于多种时态
used to do sth 过去常常做某事 to 为动词不定式符号，只用于过去时
Young people used to order takeout food online, but now they are used to cooking at home.
年轻人过去常常在网上点外卖，但他们现在习惯在家做饭。
2. It’s so interesting to discover cultural differences like this!
cultural adj. 与文化有关的；文化的 常用于名词前作定语。
cultural heritage 文化遗产 cultural center 文化中心
cultural difference 文化差异 cultural festival 文化节
We should pay attention to cultural differences when travelling to foreign countries.
去外国旅游时，我们应该注意文化差异。
culture n. 文化
Section A (Grammar Focus)
Grammar:
1. so... that, unless及 as soon as引导的状语从句
2. -ed形容词与-ing形容词的用法
Summary
Exercise
I. 用“so/such... that”, if, unless或as soon as 填空。
1. I believe you will succeed in the end ______ you don’t give up
halfway.
2. I gave some flowers to Gina ___________ she finished singing on
stage.
3. It is ______ an interesting movie _______ I feel like watching it a
second time.
4. You can never know what’s possible _______ you try to make
something happen.
5. The memories of the junior high school are ______ sweet ______ I
will always keep them in my heart.
if
as soon as
such
that
unless
so
that
1. The man made a ________ speech, so the audience(听众) at the meeting
felt ________. (bore)
2. After hearing the _________ news, Mrs Wang got very ________ and
her eyes were full of tears. (excite)
3. The clever boy gave me a ___________ answer to the question and that
really made me feel ___________. (surprise)
4. All the students were __________ because Mr Smith gave a very
__________ explanation of the question. (confuse)
5. Almost everyone in big cities seems to be busy and ________ (tire), so
to relax themselves, they need to do something __________ (relax).
boring
exciting
excited
surprising
surprised
bored
II. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
confused
confusing
tired
relaxing
Homework
1. Review the new words and expressions of this lesson.
2. Review the Grammar and use unless, as soon as and
so…that to make as many sentences as possible.
Must do:
Introduce a kind of Chinese custom with at least two conjunctions.
Try to do:
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