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期末考 语法填空进阶版 仿真模拟 考前特训（江苏专用）
新教材译林版八年级下册 Units 1-8
Passage 1
请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或时态，使短文通顺。
On March 23, 2026, a special sharing meeting was held in Chengdu No.7 High School. Five disabled 1 (hero) shared their life stories with the students. Among them, Chen Yimei, 2 (know) as the “Blade Runner,” deeply moved everyone.
When Chen Yimei was nine years old, she lost her left leg in a car accident. Life became very hard. But she did not give up. In 2013, she joined the provincial team. For nine months, she trained by jumping on only one leg. Every day, she 3 (fall) to the ground again and again. But she kept 4 (try).
Her hard work finally paid off. She won championships at the National Paralympic Games in 2015 and 2025, and even broke 5 (record). After giving birth to her daughter, she chose to come back to the track. Why She wanted to be a role model for her child.
Before the sharing began, the host gave a short 6 (introduce) about Chen Yimei. As she walked onto the stage on her blade-shaped prosthetic leg, the students felt a mix of respect and 7 (excite). Everyone listened carefully to her every word.
“You have to face the pain if you want to run,” she told the students. Since she returned to the track, she 8 (sign) a new contract to continue her athletic career. She is also 9 (hope) about helping more disabled people find confidence through sports. “The real obstacle is not in the body, but in the heart,” she said. Chen’s story 10 (true) show us: life is hard, but we can always choose to stand up again.
Passage 2
West Lake is suitable for visiting all year round. The scenery (风景) is different according to the weather and season.
Spring
Spring (from March to May) is the best season to visit West Lake. In spring, green 1 (leaf) and flowers make West Lake more beautiful. Lots of visitors choose to visit West Lake in March 2 April.
Summer
Summer (from June to August) is the season of the lotuses (莲花). The lotuses attract many people. “Wine—making Yard and Lotus Pool in Summer (曲院风荷)” is one of the 3 famous sights of West Lake. It is also the best place to visit in summer. It is an area by the 4 (west) bank of the lake. Every summer, there 5 (be) hundreds of kinds of beautiful lotuses which are enjoyed by millions of visitors from home and abroad.
Autumn
Autumn ( 6 September to November) is cool at West Lake. In autumn, the enjoyable weather is right for 7 (walk) round or going boating on the lake. West Lake is also 8 popular place for enjoying the bright moon in the sky at the Mid-Autumn Festival.
Winter
Winter (from December to February) at West Lake is very cold and wet. Sometimes 9 (it) snows. The snow 10 (make) West Lake white and beautiful. “Melting Snow on the Broken Bridge” is beautiful scenery in winter. The bridge is famous not only for its snowy scenery, but also for its romantic tale. It was on the Broken Bridge that Bai Suzhen first met her lover, Xu Xian.
Passage 3
Travelling with kids is good for them. Travelling can always teach kids more than 1 textbook. They can find new interests. Travel brings information to life for kids, and makes it much more exciting than studying textbooks or 2 (do) experiments in the lab. While travelling, they learn how to deal with new situations and communicate with other people. They learn patience, because sometimes it takes a long time to get to some exciting or 3 (interest) places.
I have been travelling since I was seven years old. For me, to stop travelling would be 4 taking something away from me. I can’t live without travelling and I wouldn’t be who I am 5 I didn’t travel. Some people think it is hard to travel after having kids. In my opinion, when people become parents, it doesn’t mean they couldn’t travel any more. My kids have been travelling since they 6 (be) three months old.
Bringing a new life into the world 7 (come) with many responsibilities (责任) and I would love to be a good mother. I am so thankful that my parents 8 (take) me on family trips when I was young. I have learned that the outside world is more 9 (colour) than the little one I was living in.
I value the moments when I am travelling with my kids. I am sure they will always remember them in their 10 (life).
Passage 4
Have you ever washed your clothes without detergent(洗涤剂) I’ve been doing this since early May. In summer, most of my shirts and T-shirts only get dirty with sweat(汗水). So, a fast wash with pure water is all that is needed. It’s not 1 costs—detergents are not expensive. It’s all about reducing plastic pollution.
Many detergents have microplastics in them. Microplastics are tiny pieces of plastic. They are 2 (little) than five millimetres across. Also, washing clothes causes them to shed(脱落) tiny plastic fibres(纤维). These fibres are also 3 kind of microplastic. These tiny pieces of plastic end up being washed into the sea. 4 fish take them in, they enter the human food chain(链). This is bad for the environment, sea life and us humans. It’s time to make a decision to use less detergent. It’s a matter of personal choice, but meaningful and great.
Clearly, plastic pollution will not disappear overnight. But we can choose 5 (reduce) the use of plastics slowly. We can try to reuse plastics in our 6 (day) lives. Over the past few months, people around us have taken 7 (act) to help do it. In 2024, a “green” market 8 (hold) in a neighbourhood in Shanghai’s Jing’an District. People there brought empty, used plastic bottles to the market. They filled 9 (they) bottles with a detergent provided by a detergent producer. Such events can help reduce the need for new plastic bottles.
All in all, we can take small steps each day to help the environment. And I hope that one day, clothes made from “green” materials 10 (become) popular. This will help to further reduce plastic pollution from laundry.
Passage 5
The Grand Canal (大运河) is a man-made waterway that 1 (run) north and south in eastern China. Dating back 2,500 years and stretching about 3,200 kilometers, it is among the world’s oldest and 2 (long) canals. Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is located on the bank of the ancient Grand Canal in Yangzhou, one of the eight 3 (city) in Jiangsu Province sitting along the Grand Canal.
The museum 4 (open) its doors to the public on June 16, 2021. It covers 5 area of about 80,000 square metres. It has two structures: a four-story building in the shape of a giant ship waiting to set sail, and a Tang-Dynasty-style tower.
The museum has themed exhibition (展览) halls. They are telling the history 6 the Sui-Tang Grand Canal built during the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the East Zhejiang Canal. These canals offer a lot of historic and cultural attractions while they continue to 7 (use) for transport, irrigation (灌溉) and flood control. The ancient Bian River section is considered by many as the “treasure of the museum”.
So far, the museum has over 10,000 exhibits (展品), including 20 groups of large ones, making it the best 8 (collect) to show the grandness of the canal and how people changed nature.
9 (pass) through the exhibition hall and into the antiquated (老式的) street, visitors can see restaurants and shops along the street, as 10 walking in the water village on the canal during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is different from all the other museums which are themed on the Grand Canal in China. Why not come and visit it yourself
Passage 6
Guangzhou is my favorite city in China. It is home 1 more than 18 million people and is famous for its delicious food and warm weather. There is no doubt that Guangzhou is one of 2 most important cities in 3 (south) China.
Last winter holiday, I visited Guangzhou with my family. We arrived on New Year’s Eve, and the city was full of joy and 4 (excited). People were getting ready to count down to the new year together. We joined the crowd and watched the beautiful fireworks in the sky. It was 5 (true) a special moment.
The next day, we visited Canton Tower (广州塔), which is one of the tallest TV towers in the world. We took the elevator to the top and enjoyed the amazing view of the whole city. Below us, the Pearl River (珠江) looked like a long, shining ribbon. I took many photos 6 (remember) this moment.
Of course, a trip to Guangzhou would not be complete without 7 (try) the famous dim sum (点心). We went to a traditional tea house 8 ordered many different kinds of dumplings and buns. It was fun trying all the different foods and learning the Cantonese tea culture. My favorite was the shrimp dumplings (虾饺)!
Guangzhou also has many beautiful parks. We spent an afternoon 9 (walk) in Yuexiu Park (越秀公园), where we saw the famous Five Rams Statue (五羊石像). It was a great place 10 (relax) and enjoy the warm winter sunshine.
Guangzhou has a special place in my heart. It is a city where tradition meets modernity, and where every street has a story to tell.
Passage 7
Cleaning Up the Past: Shenzhen’s Urban Surgery (城市手术)
A big “super surgery” is going on in Shenzhen. People living nearby found a green hill hides 4 million tons of old rubbish under it. Now, 1 large national cleanup project is starting.
The site is close to Yinhu Banshan living area. 2 (like) usual noisy building places, it uses new technology to protect people from trouble. Workers cover the area with special green nets to prevent dust and bad smells from 3 (spread). All trucks move in noise-proof rooms to reduce noise to a 4 (low) level.
This place was the Yulong Landfill (填埋场) from 1983 to 2005. At that time, Shenzhen 5 (develop) fast, and the landfill was far from the city center. However, as the city grew bigger, new buildings were around it. 6 it was covered with grass years ago, pollution risks (风险) still remained.
Experts say this project uses 7 (lead) technology. It digs waste out layer by layer, sorts it, and sends recyclable materials to rubbish-burning factories. It changes the city’s waste 8 (manage) from simple burying to scientific treatment.
Since the cleanup started, this valuable land in the city center 9 (change) a lot. The local government plans to use it for greening the environment and new industries. This project not only shows how a modern city can correct its past mistakes, but it tells us that if we take action together, we can turn a polluted place 10 a beautiful green park.
Passage 8
People always say the music from their younger years is the best compared to other times. So far, scientists 1 (do) some research. They have found this may be due to something called the “memory bump (记忆隆起)”.
According to the research, the memory bump means that our memories from ages 10 to 30 are particularly strong. This period 2 (heavy) influences our favourite books, films, and especially music. This is 3 musical memories are stored in a “safe” area of the brain, which is more protected against age-related conditions. As a result, the music we listen to 4 these years is often remembered more fondly (充满感情地) than music from other periods in our lives.
More importantly, “music is episodic (片段的)”, Professor Robert Cutietta at the University of Southern California said. “If you look at 5 artwork or something, you can look at it and leave at any time. Music is over time.” That means music is 6 (connect) with episodes in your life.
Music from our younger years 7 (create) strong feelings, mixing happy and sad feelings when we listen to it. When the songs are related to your experiences and you listen to them again, memories of those experiences 8 (come) back.
Sometimes, with a change in experience, the 9 (sad) you felt before when listening to a song can later turn into joy. This can explain why listening to something from a harder time in your 10 (young) life can bring a sense of relief now.
Passage 9
What does it mean to be green Green is more than just a colour. It also means 1 (take) special steps to protect the environment. Buying a green product is a small step everyone can take. However, it isn’t always easy to decide 2 a product is green. Here is what we may keep in mind.
The materials of a product are usually our 3 (one) focus. What is it made of Are there any harmful things in it Green products are made of more natural materials which are 4 (harm), so they can be good for our physical health.
Packaging (包装) is important. How is a product packed Is it over-packed We’d better choose glass, metal and paper packing, as these can 5 (reuse) or easily recycled.
Location 6 (matter). Where is a product produced Where are we buying it Try to choose local 7 (product). When it comes to food, it is a good idea to order 8 (direct) from local farmers, shop at markets and buy fruits in season. It is also a good choice to buy from stores near our houses, because we can go there 9 driving a car.
Look into what the company tells us about their product. It’s easy to say that a product is “green” or “all natural”, but the words may be 10 good to be true. So, much of the information about a product should be taken with a grain of salt (持怀疑态度). After all, companies try to make us believe that their products are environmentally friendly.
The greenest thing is certainly the one we don’t buy. Things like food and clothing are necessary for life. But many others are not. Keep money in our pockets, reduce waste and keep the planet healthy.
Passage 10
在空白处填入一个适当单词或用所给单词的适当形式填空。
I grew up with two elder sisters. If I wasn’t courteous (谦恭的) to them, they’d fix me.
My sisters made the most of every chance 1 (train) me how to be a courteous gentleman. They made me open doors for them or help them into their chairs at dinner.
Years later, I went away to college. The first time I walked into the library, I noticed a woman walking 2 me and I held the door open for her.
However, she glared (怒视) at me, asking loudly, “Do you think that because I’m a woman, I’m not strong enough 3 (open) a door for myself ” She slammed the door, leaving me surprised and 4 (speech). My face burnt. I decided that there would be no more courtesy!
As I stood there, another lady came towards the door. Seeing her arms overloaded with textbooks, I instinctively (本能地) reached out to open the door for her. The moment I 5 (realize) what I had done, I prepared myself for shouts. But I received a warm smile and a look of relief.
“Thanks!” she said brightly. “ 6 is nice to see we still have a few gentlemen around here!”
Of course, if I were really a gentleman, I would have offered to help with her books. I still enjoyed the good 7 (feel) I got from performing an act of simple courtesy. It would be to go against my lifetime of training 8 I did that.
Courtesy brings pleasant and refreshing light to our lives whether we are the giver, the 9 (receive) or just an interested observer (旁观者). Courtesy doesn’t necessarily (必然地) change our lives, but it can 10 (certain) change the way we feel about life. Sometimes it’s just a simple nice action to others, but it can make a great day.
Passage 11
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Noah’s Volunteering Journey
Noah spends several hours each week helping others. 1 the age of 7, his volunteering journey began at a summer camp, where he helped out with a soccer program. Even at such a young age, Noah realized he could make a difference to others. He said, “I realized I could help others, even as a kid.”
2 the saying goes “The rose’s in her hand, the flavor in mine.”, Noah received joy by helping others in many ways. At another summer camp, he beautified schools and parks, 3 (paint) alone. It was surprising that he did all of this by 4 (he) before 14. When people asked about his favorite part of volunteering, Noah said, “I love the smiles, hugs, and thank you. I get such 5 strong feeling of satisfaction from these.” After that, Noah decided to take part in even 6 (big) volunteer projects. For example, when he learned that some kids weren’t able to have meals on weekends, he joined a group to deliver hot suppers to children once a month. Noah enjoyed it so much that he started doing it every Saturday.
Noah’s volunteering didn’t stop there. He also helped out with art projects for disabled people and 7 (volunteer) for an after-school reading program. What’s more, he began helping the elderly. He explained, “We deliver birthday cakes to everyone over 89 during their birthday month 8 (cheer) them up.”
Now, Noah finds his efforts can help people live a better life. Recently, he worked 9 (close) with the local government to help the disabled people. “ 10 (kind) is the language which the deaf can hear and the blind can see,” as Mark Twain said.
Passage 12
请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或时态，使短文通顺、连贯。
Have you ever been to Florence (佛罗伦萨), Italy It is a city full of 1 (history) buildings and world-famous art. I have been to Italy 2 (two), and Florence is without doubt my favourite city. Before my first trip, my friend Lily, who is a good travel 3 (plan), gave me a detailed 4 (introduce) about the city. She told me where to go, what to see, and how to avoid the busy hours in popular places.
Last summer, I visited Florence again. The city was 5 (complete) different from what I remembered. Some streets were 6 (crowd) with tourists from all over the world, but I didn’t feel 7 (scare) at all. Instead, I felt excited when I saw the famous Duomo—the great cathedral (大教堂) that stands in the heart of the city. I couldn’t hide my 8 (excite) when standing in front of this amazing building. The beautiful paintings and sculptures around every corner made me want to stay longer.
My parents 9 (go) to Florence ten years ago, and they said the local food was truly amazing. They still remember the taste of fresh pasta and rich coffee. Following their advice, I tried some 10 (Italy) dishes there, such as pizza and gelato, and they were wonderful. Besides, I also visited a local market and bought some handmade gifts.
Florence is not only a city of art but also a city of life. I hope to visit it again one day, and next time, I will stay even longer to enjoy its beauty.
8 / 8期末考 语法填空进阶版 仿真模拟 考前特训（江苏专用）
新教材译林版八年级下册 Units 1-8
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
Passage 1
请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或时态，使短文通顺。
On March 23, 2026, a special sharing meeting was held in Chengdu No.7 High School. Five disabled 1 (hero) shared their life stories with the students. Among them, Chen Yimei, 2 (know) as the “Blade Runner,” deeply moved everyone.
When Chen Yimei was nine years old, she lost her left leg in a car accident. Life became very hard. But she did not give up. In 2013, she joined the provincial team. For nine months, she trained by jumping on only one leg. Every day, she 3 (fall) to the ground again and again. But she kept 4 (try).
Her hard work finally paid off. She won championships at the National Paralympic Games in 2015 and 2025, and even broke 5 (record). After giving birth to her daughter, she chose to come back to the track. Why She wanted to be a role model for her child.
Before the sharing began, the host gave a short 6 (introduce) about Chen Yimei. As she walked onto the stage on her blade-shaped prosthetic leg, the students felt a mix of respect and 7 (excite). Everyone listened carefully to her every word.
“You have to face the pain if you want to run,” she told the students. Since she returned to the track, she 8 (sign) a new contract to continue her athletic career. She is also 9 (hope) about helping more disabled people find confidence through sports. “The real obstacle is not in the body, but in the heart,” she said. Chen’s story 10 (true) show us: life is hard, but we can always choose to stand up again.
【答案】
1. heroes 2. known 3. fell 4. trying 5. records 6. introduction 7. excitement 8. has signed 9. hopeful 10. truly
【导语】本文主要讲述了“刀锋女战士”陈忆梅的励志故事。
1. 句意：五位残疾英雄与学生们分享了他们的生活故事。hero“英雄”，five后接名词复数heroes。
2. 句意：其中，被誉为“刀锋战士”的陈忆梅深深打动了大家。be known as“被称为……”，此处用过去分词作后置定语。
3. 句意：每天，她一次又一次地倒在地上。但她一直在努力。fall“跌倒”，描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，此处用其过去式fell。
4. 句意：每天，她一次又一次地倒在地上。但她一直在努力。keep doing sth“坚持做某事”，此处用try“努力”的动名词形式trying。
5. 句意：她在2015年和2025年的全国残奥会上获得冠军，甚至打破了纪录。record“记录”，此处表示泛指，用名词复数，break records“打破纪录”。
6. 句意：在分享开始之前，主持人简要介绍了陈忆梅。introduce“介绍”，动词，此处作宾语，用其名词形式introduction“介绍”，前面有a，用名词单数。
7. 句意：当她戴着刀片形状的假肢走上舞台时，学生们感到既尊重又兴奋。excite“使兴奋”，动词，and连接并列名词，此处用其名词形式excitement“兴奋”。
8. 句意：自从她重返赛场后，她签署了一份新合同，继续她的运动生涯。sign“签署”，since引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时“have/has+过去分词”，主语she是第三人称单数，助动词用has，sign的过去分词是signed。
9. 句意：她也希望帮助更多的残疾人通过体育运动获得自信。be动词后接形容词作表语，hope“希望”的形容词形式是hopeful“满怀希望的”，be hopeful about“对……抱有希望”。
10. 句意：陈的故事真正告诉我们：生活是艰难的，但我们总是可以选择再次站起来。true“真实的”，此处修饰动词show，用其副词形式truly“真正，确实”。
Passage 2
West Lake is suitable for visiting all year round. The scenery (风景) is different according to the weather and season.
Spring
Spring (from March to May) is the best season to visit West Lake. In spring, green 1 (leaf) and flowers make West Lake more beautiful. Lots of visitors choose to visit West Lake in March 2 April.
Summer
Summer (from June to August) is the season of the lotuses (莲花). The lotuses attract many people. “Wine—making Yard and Lotus Pool in Summer (曲院风荷)” is one of the 3 famous sights of West Lake. It is also the best place to visit in summer. It is an area by the 4 (west) bank of the lake. Every summer, there 5 (be) hundreds of kinds of beautiful lotuses which are enjoyed by millions of visitors from home and abroad.
Autumn
Autumn ( 6 September to November) is cool at West Lake. In autumn, the enjoyable weather is right for 7 (walk) round or going boating on the lake. West Lake is also 8 popular place for enjoying the bright moon in the sky at the Mid-Autumn Festival.
Winter
Winter (from December to February) at West Lake is very cold and wet. Sometimes 9 (it) snows. The snow 10 (make) West Lake white and beautiful. “Melting Snow on the Broken Bridge” is beautiful scenery in winter. The bridge is famous not only for its snowy scenery, but also for its romantic tale. It was on the Broken Bridge that Bai Suzhen first met her lover, Xu Xian.
【答案】
1. leaves 2. and 3. most 4. western 5. are 6. from 7. walking 8. a 9. it 10. makes
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了西湖四季的不同景色和游览特色，包括春天的绿叶繁花、夏天的曲院风荷、秋天的宜人气候和明月、冬天的断桥残雪及其浪漫传说。
1. 句意：春天，绿叶和鲜花使西湖更加美丽。leaf“叶子”与flowers并列，需用复数形式leaves。故填leaves。
2. 句意：许多游客选择在三月和四月游览西湖。March和April是并列关系，用and“和”连接。故填and。
3. 句意：“曲院风荷”是西湖最著名的景点之一。one of the后接形容词最高级，famous的最高级是most famous。故填most。
4. 句意：它位于西湖西岸的一个区域。此处修饰名词bank，需用形容词。west的形容词是western“西边的”。故填western。
5. 句意：每年夏天，有数百种美丽的荷花。there be句型的主语hundreds of kinds是复数概念，且描述一般事实，be动词用are。故填are。
6. 句意：秋天（九月到十一月）的西湖气候凉爽。表示时间范围“从……到……”，用介词from。故填from。
7. 句意：宜人的天气适合散步或在湖上划船。介词for后接动名词作宾语。walk的动名词是walking。故填walking。
8. 句意：西湖也是中秋节赏月的一个热门地点。此处泛指“一个热门地点”，且popular以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。
9. 句意：有时会下雪。此处指天气下雪，用代词it作主语。故填it。
10. 句意：雪把西湖染成白色，美丽动人。描述一般事实，时态为一般现在时；主语The snow是不可数名词，谓语动词make用第三人称单数形式makes。故填makes。
Passage 3
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Travelling with kids is good for them. Travelling can always teach kids more than 1 textbook. They can find new interests. Travel brings information to life for kids, and makes it much more exciting than studying textbooks or 2 (do) experiments in the lab. While travelling, they learn how to deal with new situations and communicate with other people. They learn patience, because sometimes it takes a long time to get to some exciting or 3 (interest) places.
I have been travelling since I was seven years old. For me, to stop travelling would be 4 taking something away from me. I can’t live without travelling and I wouldn’t be who I am 5 I didn’t travel. Some people think it is hard to travel after having kids. In my opinion, when people become parents, it doesn’t mean they couldn’t travel any more. My kids have been travelling since they 6 (be) three months old.
Bringing a new life into the world 7 (come) with many responsibilities (责任) and I would love to be a good mother. I am so thankful that my parents 8 (take) me on family trips when I was young. I have learned that the outside world is more 9 (colour) than the little one I was living in.
I value the moments when I am travelling with my kids. I am sure they will always remember them in their 10 (life).
【答案】
1. a 2. doing 3. interesting 4. like 5. if 6. were 7. comes 8. took 9. colourful 10. lives
【导语】本文通过讲述带孩子旅行的诸多好处，以及作者自身的成长经历，呼吁家长不要因为育儿而放弃旅行，强调旅行对孩子的教育意义和人生影响。
1. 句意：旅行总是能教给孩子们比一本教科书更多的东西。“textbook”是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一本教科书”，需用不定冠词a。
2. 句意：旅行能让信息在孩子面前变得鲜活起来，并且使其比学习课本或在实验室做实验更加令人兴奋。“or”连接并列成分，前面是动名词“studying”，后面也应用动名词形式，do的动名词为doing。
3. 句意：他们学会了耐心，因为有时去一些激动人心或有趣的地方需要很长时间。空处与“exciting”并列修饰名词“places”，需用形容词，interest的形容词形式是interesting，意为“有趣的”，用来描述事物的特征。
4. 句意：对我来说，停止旅行就像从我身上拿走一些东西一样。结合“to stop travelling”与“taking something away from me”，此处作者想表达“停止旅行”这件事，类似于“被人拿走某样东西”。因此，空格处需要表示“像、如同”意义的词，like“像”，介词，符合语境。
5. 句意：我无法离开旅行而活，并且如果我不旅行，我就不会成为现在的我。结合“I wouldn’t be who I am”以及“I didn’t travel”，“I didn’t travel”为条件，空处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，应用if。
6. 句意：我的孩子们从他们三个月大的时候起就一直在旅行了。“since”引导时间状语从句，主句为现在完成时，从句用一般过去时；主语“they”为复数，be动词过去式需用were。
7. 句意：把一个新生命带到这个世界上来伴随着许多责任。动名词短语“Bringing a new life into the world”作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，且结合上下文，时态为一般现在时，故填come的第三人称单数形式comes。
8. 句意：我非常感激我的父母在我小时候带我进行了家庭旅行。根据时间状语“when I was young”，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，谓语动词需用take的过去式took。
9. 句意：我已经了解到外面的世界比我原来居住的那个小小世界更加丰富多彩。结合“than”，“more”后接形容词原级构成比较级，colour的形容词形式为colourful。
10. 句意：我确信他们会在他们的一生中永远记住这些时刻。in one’s life意为“在某人的一生中”，主语“their”表示复数，且每个人各有其一生，因此空处需用life的复数形式lives。
Passage 4
根据短文内容，在横线上填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have you ever washed your clothes without detergent(洗涤剂) I’ve been doing this since early May. In summer, most of my shirts and T-shirts only get dirty with sweat(汗水). So, a fast wash with pure water is all that is needed. It’s not 1 costs—detergents are not expensive. It’s all about reducing plastic pollution.
Many detergents have microplastics in them. Microplastics are tiny pieces of plastic. They are 2 (little) than five millimetres across. Also, washing clothes causes them to shed(脱落) tiny plastic fibres(纤维). These fibres are also 3 kind of microplastic. These tiny pieces of plastic end up being washed into the sea. 4 fish take them in, they enter the human food chain(链). This is bad for the environment, sea life and us humans. It’s time to make a decision to use less detergent. It’s a matter of personal choice, but meaningful and great.
Clearly, plastic pollution will not disappear overnight. But we can choose 5 (reduce) the use of plastics slowly. We can try to reuse plastics in our 6 (day) lives. Over the past few months, people around us have taken 7 (act) to help do it. In 2024, a “green” market 8 (hold) in a neighbourhood in Shanghai’s Jing’an District. People there brought empty, used plastic bottles to the market. They filled 9 (they) bottles with a detergent provided by a detergent producer. Such events can help reduce the need for new plastic bottles.
All in all, we can take small steps each day to help the environment. And I hope that one day, clothes made from “green” materials 10 (become) popular. This will help to further reduce plastic pollution from laundry.
【答案】
1. about 2. less 3. a 4. When 5. to reduce 6. daily 7. action 8. was held 9. their 10. will become
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过不用洗涤剂洗衣服的亲身经历，介绍了微塑料污染的危害，并呼吁人们减少塑料使用、践行环保生活方式。
1. 句意：这和成本无关——洗涤剂并不贵，而是为了减少塑料污染。空格处缺少介词。根据下句“ It’s all about reducing plastic pollution.”可知，空格处表示“与……无关”的含义。“It’s not about...” 是固定表达，意为 “这和……无关”，符合语境逻辑。
2. 句意：它们的直径小于五毫米。根据标志词“than” 可知，空处应填little的比较级。“less than”意为“少于”，符合语境。
3. 句意：这些纤维也是一种微塑料。“a kind of”是固定短语，意为“一种”，符合语法与语义。
4. 句意：当鱼摄入它们，它们就会进入人类的食物链。分析句子结构可知，空格处需填连词连接两个句子。前后句存在时间关系。 When引导时间状语从句，符合“鱼摄入微塑料后进入食物链”的逻辑。
5. 句意：但我们可以选择慢慢减少塑料的使用。“choose to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“选择做某事”，需用to do不定式形式。
6. 句意：我们可以在日常生活中尝试重复使用塑料。“lives”是名词，需用形容词修饰。day的形容词形式是daily。“daily lives” 意为 “日常生活”，是固定表达。
7. 句意：在过去几个月里，我们身边的人已经采取行动来助力这件事。“take action” 是固定搭配，意为“采取行动”。
8. 句意：2024 年，上海静安区某社区举办了一场“绿色” 市集。“In 2024” 表过去时间，且“market”与“hold”是被动关系。一般过去时的被动语态结构为“was/were + 过去分词”。主语是单数用was，hold的过去分词是held。
9. 句意：他们用洗涤剂生产商提供的洗涤剂装满自己的瓶子。“bottles” 是名词，需用形容词性物主代词修饰。应填their。
10. 句意：我希望有一天，由“绿色”材料制成的衣服会变得流行。“one day”表将来时间，用一般将来时。故填will become。
Passage 5
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Grand Canal (大运河) is a man-made waterway that 1 (run) north and south in eastern China. Dating back 2,500 years and stretching about 3,200 kilometers, it is among the world’s oldest and 2 (long) canals. Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is located on the bank of the ancient Grand Canal in Yangzhou, one of the eight 3 (city) in Jiangsu Province sitting along the Grand Canal.
The museum 4 (open) its doors to the public on June 16, 2021. It covers 5 area of about 80,000 square metres. It has two structures: a four-story building in the shape of a giant ship waiting to set sail, and a Tang-Dynasty-style tower.
The museum has themed exhibition (展览) halls. They are telling the history 6 the Sui-Tang Grand Canal built during the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the East Zhejiang Canal. These canals offer a lot of historic and cultural attractions while they continue to 7 (use) for transport, irrigation (灌溉) and flood control. The ancient Bian River section is considered by many as the “treasure of the museum”.
So far, the museum has over 10,000 exhibits (展品), including 20 groups of large ones, making it the best 8 (collect) to show the grandness of the canal and how people changed nature.
9 (pass) through the exhibition hall and into the antiquated (老式的) street, visitors can see restaurants and shops along the street, as 10 walking in the water village on the canal during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is different from all the other museums which are themed on the Grand Canal in China. Why not come and visit it yourself
【答案】
1. runs 2. longest 3. cities 4. opened 5. an 6. of 7. be used 8. collection 9. Passing 10. if
【导语】本文介绍了中国大运河的基本信息，并重点描述了扬州中国大运河博物馆的位置、建筑特色、展览内容及其独特价值。
1. 句意：大运河是中国东部一条南北走向的人工水道。主语“The Grand Canal”为单数，且描述客观事实，用一般现在时。故填runs。
2. 句意：它是世界上最古老和最长的运河之一。“oldest”形容词的最高级“最古老的”，and表连接，故此处需用最高级，long的最高级为longest。故填longest。
3. 句意：扬州中国大运河博物馆坐落于扬州古运河畔，而扬州是江苏省沿大运河分布的八个城市之一。eight后加可数名词的复数，city的复数形式为cities。故填cities。
4. 句意：博物馆于2021年6月16日向公众开放。The museum为主语，此处缺少动词，根据“on June 16, 2021”可知需用一般过去时，open的过去式为opened。故填opened。
5. 句意：它占地面积约8万平方米。area以元音音素开头，“cover an area of”……的占地面积。故填an。
6. 句意：它们讲述着隋唐大运河、京杭大运河和浙东运河的历史。“the history of…”表示……的历史。故填of。
7. 句意：这些运河在继续用于运输、灌溉和防洪的同时，也提供了许多历史文化景点。“continue to do”继续做某事，主语为 These canals，与动词use之间表被动，use的被动为be used。故填be used。
8. 句意：博物馆拥有超过10000件展品，使其成为展示运河宏伟工程以及人类如何改造自然的最佳藏品系列。the best后接名词单数，collect的名词形式为collection。故填collection。
9. 句意：穿过展厅进入古街，游客可以看到街边的餐馆和商店。主语“visitors”与“pass”之间为主动关系，用现在分词作状语，pass的现在分词为passing，首字母大写。故填Passing。
10. 句意：仿佛漫步于明清时期运河边的水乡。as if引导方式状语从句，意为“好像”。故填if。
Passage 6
Guangzhou is my favorite city in China. It is home 1 more than 18 million people and is famous for its delicious food and warm weather. There is no doubt that Guangzhou is one of 2 most important cities in 3 (south) China.
Last winter holiday, I visited Guangzhou with my family. We arrived on New Year’s Eve, and the city was full of joy and 4 (excited). People were getting ready to count down to the new year together. We joined the crowd and watched the beautiful fireworks in the sky. It was 5 (true) a special moment.
The next day, we visited Canton Tower (广州塔), which is one of the tallest TV towers in the world. We took the elevator to the top and enjoyed the amazing view of the whole city. Below us, the Pearl River (珠江) looked like a long, shining ribbon. I took many photos 6 (remember) this moment.
Of course, a trip to Guangzhou would not be complete without 7 (try) the famous dim sum (点心). We went to a traditional tea house 8 ordered many different kinds of dumplings and buns. It was fun trying all the different foods and learning the Cantonese tea culture. My favorite was the shrimp dumplings (虾饺)!
Guangzhou also has many beautiful parks. We spent an afternoon 9 (walk) in Yuexiu Park (越秀公园), where we saw the famous Five Rams Statue (五羊石像). It was a great place 10 (relax) and enjoy the warm winter sunshine.
Guangzhou has a special place in my heart. It is a city where tradition meets modernity, and where every street has a story to tell.
【答案】
1. to 2. the 3. southern 4. excitement 5. truly 6. to remember 7. trying 8. and 9. walking 10. to relax
【导语】本文主要是一篇广州的游记。
1. 句意：它拥有1800多万人口，以其美味的食物和温暖的天气而闻名。home to“是……的家园”，固定搭配。故填to。
2. 句意：毫无疑问，广州是中国南方最重要的城市之一。修饰最高级，用定冠词the。故填the。
3. 句意：毫无疑问，广州是中国南方最重要的城市之一。修饰名词China，用形容词形式southern“南方的”，作定语。故填southern。
4. 句意：我们在除夕到达，这座城市充满了欢乐和兴奋。and连接，前后语法保持一致，joy“欢乐”为名词，空处用excited的名词形式excitement“兴奋”。故填excitement。
5. 句意：这确实是一个特殊的时刻。空处修饰形容词special，用副词形式truly“真正地”。故填truly。
6. 句意：我拍了很多照片来纪念这一刻。空处用不定式结构to remember“记住”，表示目的。故填to remember。
7. 句意：当然，如果不尝尝著名的点心，广州之旅就不算完整。介词without后面用动名词形式trying“尝试”。故填trying。
8. 句意：我们去了一家传统茶馆，点了许多不同种类的饺子和包子。空处前后是并列关系，用and连接两个动作“went”和“ordered”。故填and。
9. 句意：我们在越秀公园散步了一个下午，在那里我们看到了著名的五羊石像。spend time doing sth“花费时间做某事”，空处用动名词形式walking“走路”。故填walking。
10. 句意：这是一个放松身心、享受冬日温暖阳光的好地方。空处用不定式形式to relax“放松”，作后置定语修饰名词place。故填to relax。
Passage 7
Cleaning Up the Past: Shenzhen’s Urban Surgery (城市手术)
A big “super surgery” is going on in Shenzhen. People living nearby found a green hill hides 4 million tons of old rubbish under it. Now, 1 large national cleanup project is starting.
The site is close to Yinhu Banshan living area. 2 (like) usual noisy building places, it uses new technology to protect people from trouble. Workers cover the area with special green nets to prevent dust and bad smells from 3 (spread). All trucks move in noise-proof rooms to reduce noise to a 4 (low) level.
This place was the Yulong Landfill (填埋场) from 1983 to 2005. At that time, Shenzhen 5 (develop) fast, and the landfill was far from the city center. However, as the city grew bigger, new buildings were around it. 6 it was covered with grass years ago, pollution risks (风险) still remained.
Experts say this project uses 7 (lead) technology. It digs waste out layer by layer, sorts it, and sends recyclable materials to rubbish-burning factories. It changes the city’s waste 8 (manage) from simple burying to scientific treatment.
Since the cleanup started, this valuable land in the city center 9 (change) a lot. The local government plans to use it for greening the environment and new industries. This project not only shows how a modern city can correct its past mistakes, but it tells us that if we take action together, we can turn a polluted place 10 a beautiful green park.
【答案】
1. a 2. Unlike 3. spreading 4. lower 5. was developing/developed 6. Although/Though 7. leading 8. management 9. has changed 10. into
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了深圳开展的一项大型垃圾清理项目，该项目采用新技术处理旧垃圾填埋场，将污染场地改造为绿色空间，展现了城市对过往环境问题的纠正与科学治理。
1. 句意：现在，一项大型的全国性清理项目正在启动。“project”是可数名词单数，此处表示“一项”，且“large”以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词“a”。
2. 句意：与通常嘈杂的建筑工地不同，它采用新技术来避免给人们带来麻烦。根据语境，此处表达“不像、不同于”，“like”的反义词是“Unlike”（句首首字母大写）。
3. 句意：工人们用特殊的绿色网覆盖该区域，以防止灰尘和异味扩散。固定搭配“prevent…from doing sth.”（阻止……做某事），介词“from”后接动名词，因此“spread”变为“spreading”。
4. 句意：所有卡车都在隔音房内作业，将噪音降低到更低的水平。此处隐含“比平时更低”的对比含义，用形容词“low”的比较级“lower”。
5. 句意：那时，深圳正快速发展/发展迅速，而这个填埋场离市中心很远。“at that time”表示过去的某个时间段，用过去进行时“was developing”；也可用一般过去时“developed”表示过去的状态。
6. 句意：尽管多年前这里就被草覆盖了，但污染风险依然存在。前后句为转折让步关系，句首用连词“Although”或“Though”，表示“虽然、尽管”。
7. 句意：专家表示，该项目采用领先技术。此处需要形容词修饰名词“technology”，“lead”的形容词形式是“leading”，意为“领先的、主要的”。
8. 句意：它将城市的垃圾管理从简单填埋转变为科学处理。“waste”后需要名词，“manage”的名词形式是“management”，意为“管理”。
9. 句意：自清理工作开始以来，市中心这片宝贵的土地已经发生了很大变化。“since”引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，主语“land”是单数，因此填“has changed”。
10. 句意：这个项目不仅展示了现代城市如何纠正过去的错误，也告诉我们：如果我们共同行动，就能把一个被污染的地方变成一个美丽的绿色公园。固定搭配“turn…into…”（把……变成……），因此填介词“into”。
Passage 8
根据短文内容，在空格上填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
People always say the music from their younger years is the best compared to other times. So far, scientists 1 (do) some research. They have found this may be due to something called the “memory bump (记忆隆起)”.
According to the research, the memory bump means that our memories from ages 10 to 30 are particularly strong. This period 2 (heavy) influences our favourite books, films, and especially music. This is 3 musical memories are stored in a “safe” area of the brain, which is more protected against age-related conditions. As a result, the music we listen to 4 these years is often remembered more fondly (充满感情地) than music from other periods in our lives.
More importantly, “music is episodic (片段的)”, Professor Robert Cutietta at the University of Southern California said. “If you look at 5 artwork or something, you can look at it and leave at any time. Music is over time.” That means music is 6 (connect) with episodes in your life.
Music from our younger years 7 (create) strong feelings, mixing happy and sad feelings when we listen to it. When the songs are related to your experiences and you listen to them again, memories of those experiences 8 (come) back.
Sometimes, with a change in experience, the 9 (sad) you felt before when listening to a song can later turn into joy. This can explain why listening to something from a harder time in your 10 (young) life can bring a sense of relief now.
【答案】
1. have done 2. heavily 3. because 4. during 5. an 6. connected 7. creates 8. will come 9. sadness 10. younger
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，探讨了为什么人们总是认为年轻时的音乐是最好的。
1. 句意：到目前为止，科学家们已经做了一些研究。根据“So far”可知，句子要用现在完成时，主语scientists是复数，助动词用have，do的过去分词是done。故填have done。
2. 句意：这段时期极大地影响着我们最喜欢的书籍、电影，尤其是音乐。此处需要用副词修饰动词influences，heavy的副词形式是heavily“极大地；严重地”。故填heavily。
3. 句意：这是因为音乐记忆储存在大脑的“安全”区域，该区域更能抵御与年龄相关的状况。前文说明现象，后文解释原因，故用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
4. 句意：因此，我们在这些年里听的音乐往往比我们人生其他时期的音乐更让人满怀深情地记住。根据“from ages 10 to 30”以及“these years”可知，此处指代在10到30岁这些年期间，用during“在……期间”符合语境。故填during。
5. 句意：如果你看一件艺术品之类的东西，你可以随时看它、放下它。根据“artwork”可知，此处指一件艺术品，表示泛指，且artwork发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。
6. 句意：这意味着音乐与你生活中的片段相关联。be connected with是固定短语，意为“与……相关联”，此处用connect的过去分词形式connected构成被动结构。故填connected。
7. 句意：我们年轻时的音乐会产生强烈的情感，当我们聆听时，欢乐与悲伤交织。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语Music是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，create的第三人称单数是creates“产生”。故填creates。
8. 句意：当这些歌曲与你的经历相关，你再次聆听时，那些经历的记忆就会回来。根据“When”可知，此句是when引导的时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，结构为“will + 动词原形”。故填will come。
9. 句意：有时，随着经历的变化，你以前听一首歌时感受到的悲伤后来可能会变成快乐。定冠词“the”后接名词，sad的名词形式是sadness“悲伤”，为不可数名词。故填sadness。
10. 句意：这可以解释为什么听你年轻时艰难时期的音乐现在能带来一种慰藉感。in one’s younger life是固定表达，意为“在某人年轻时”，young的比较级younger“更年轻的，年轻时的”。故填younger。
Passage 9
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
What does it mean to be green Green is more than just a colour. It also means 1 (take) special steps to protect the environment. Buying a green product is a small step everyone can take. However, it isn’t always easy to decide 2 a product is green. Here is what we may keep in mind.
The materials of a product are usually our 3 (one) focus. What is it made of Are there any harmful things in it Green products are made of more natural materials which are 4 (harm), so they can be good for our physical health.
Packaging (包装) is important. How is a product packed Is it over-packed We’d better choose glass, metal and paper packing, as these can 5 (reuse) or easily recycled.
Location 6 (matter). Where is a product produced Where are we buying it Try to choose local 7 (product). When it comes to food, it is a good idea to order 8 (direct) from local farmers, shop at markets and buy fruits in season. It is also a good choice to buy from stores near our houses, because we can go there 9 driving a car.
Look into what the company tells us about their product. It’s easy to say that a product is “green” or “all natural”, but the words may be 10 good to be true. So, much of the information about a product should be taken with a grain of salt (持怀疑态度). After all, companies try to make us believe that their products are environmentally friendly.
The greenest thing is certainly the one we don’t buy. Things like food and clothing are necessary for life. But many others are not. Keep money in our pockets, reduce waste and keep the planet healthy.
【答案】
1. taking 2. whether/if 3. first 4. harmless 5. be reused 6. matters 7. products 8. directly 9. without 10. too
【导语】本文解释了“环保”的含义，介绍了如何判断环保产品的方法，包括关注材料、包装、产地等，同时建议减少不必要消费来践行环保。
【详解】1. 句意：它也意味着采取特殊措施保护环境。“mean doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“意味着做某事”，故填taking。
2. 句意：然而，判断一个产品是否环保并不总是容易的。此处表示“是否”，用“whether/if”引导宾语从句。
3. 句意：产品的材料通常是我们的首要关注点。此处表示“第一的”，用“one”的序数词形式“first”。
4. 句意：环保产品由更天然的无害材料制成，所以它们对我们的身体健康有益。结合“good for our physical health”的语境，此处表示“无害的”，“harm”的形容词形式是“harmless”。
5. 句意：我们最好选择玻璃、金属和纸质包装，因为这些可以被重复使用或轻松回收。此处“these”指代包装材料，与“reuse”是被动关系，用被动语态“be reused”，情态动词“can”后接动词原形。
6. 句意：产地很重要。主语“Location”是单数，一般现在时中动词用第三人称单数形式，“matter”的第三人称单数是“matters”。
7. 句意：尽量选择本地产品。“product”是可数名词，此处表示泛指，用复数形式“products”。
8. 句意：说到食物，直接从当地农民那里订购是个好主意。此处需用副词修饰动词“order”，“direct”的副词形式是“directly”。
9. 句意：因为我们可以不用开车去那里。结合环保的语境，此处表示“没有、不用”，用“without”。
10. 句意：但这些话可能好得难以置信。“too...to...”是固定结构，意为“太……而不能”，“too good to be true”表示“好得难以置信”，故填too。
Passage 10
在空白处填入一个适当单词或用所给单词的适当形式填空。
I grew up with two elder sisters. If I wasn’t courteous (谦恭的) to them, they’d fix me.
My sisters made the most of every chance 1 (train) me how to be a courteous gentleman. They made me open doors for them or help them into their chairs at dinner.
Years later, I went away to college. The first time I walked into the library, I noticed a woman walking 2 me and I held the door open for her.
However, she glared (怒视) at me, asking loudly, “Do you think that because I’m a woman, I’m not strong enough 3 (open) a door for myself ” She slammed the door, leaving me surprised and 4 (speech). My face burnt. I decided that there would be no more courtesy!
As I stood there, another lady came towards the door. Seeing her arms overloaded with textbooks, I instinctively (本能地) reached out to open the door for her. The moment I 5 (realize) what I had done, I prepared myself for shouts. But I received a warm smile and a look of relief.
“Thanks!” she said brightly. “ 6 is nice to see we still have a few gentlemen around here!”
Of course, if I were really a gentleman, I would have offered to help with her books. I still enjoyed the good 7 (feel) I got from performing an act of simple courtesy. It would be to go against my lifetime of training 8 I did that.
Courtesy brings pleasant and refreshing light to our lives whether we are the giver, the 9 (receive) or just an interested observer (旁观者). Courtesy doesn’t necessarily (必然地) change our lives, but it can 10 (certain) change the way we feel about life. Sometimes it’s just a simple nice action to others, but it can make a great day.
【答案】
1. to train 2. behind 3. to open 4. speechless 5. realized 6. It 7. feeling 8. if 9. receiver 10. certainly
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者从小在两位姐姐的教导下学习礼仪，但在大学时因帮助一位女士开门而遭到误解，随后又因帮助另一位女士而获得感谢的经历。通过这些经历，作者体会到礼仪的重要性——它能为生活带来愉悦和清新，无论我们是给予者、接受者还是旁观者。
1. 句意：我的姐姐们会抓住一切机会来训练我如何成为一个有礼貌的绅士。分析句子成分可知，空处缺动词不定式作目的状语，抓住机会的目的是为了培养或训练。故填to train。
2. 句意：第一次走进图书馆时，我注意到一位女士走在我身后，于是我为她扶住了门。根据“I noticed a woman walking…me and I held the door open for her.”可知，空处指“在……后面”，需介词behind。故填behind。
3. 句意：然而，她却怒视着我，大声质问：“你是不是觉得，因为我是女人，就没有力气 自己开门？”。“ adj.+enough+to do sth.”表示“足够……做某事”，故空处需动词不定式。故填to open。
4. 句意：她猛地关上门，让我又惊讶又说不出话。根据“She slammed the door, leaving me surprised and”可知，我惊讶且说不出话，空处需形容词speechless“无语的”,与surprised并列。故填speechless。
5. 句意：当我意识到自己做了什么时，已经准备好迎接斥责了。 本句为the moment引导的时间状语从句，表示“就在那一刻”，句中主句用了一般过去时，从句需一般过去时，故填realized。
6. 句意：她开心地说，“真高兴看到我们身边还有几位绅士！”。分析句子成分可知，空处缺形式主语，需代词it，真正的主语为后面的动词不定式。故填It。
7. 句意：但我依然享受着这一个小小的礼貌举动带给我的美好感受。feel“感到”为动词，形容词good修饰名词，名词feeling“感受”符合句意。故填feeling。
8. 句意：如果我那样做 (不再讲礼貌)，就违背了我这么多年所受的教养。分析句子结构可知，空处缺if“如果”引导条件状语从句。故填if。
9. 句意：礼貌为我们的生活带来愉悦又清新的光芒，无论我们是给予者、 接受者，还是只是旁观者。根据“whether we are the giver, the…(receive) or just an interested observer (旁观者).”可知，空处需名词，与giver和observer并列，名词receiver符合，意为“接受者”。故填receiver。
10. 句意：礼貌不一定会改变我们的生活，但它确实能改变我们对待生活的态度。“certain”是形容词，但这里修饰动词“change”，需用副词形式。“certainly”是副词，意为“必定”，故填certainly。
Passage 11
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Noah’s Volunteering Journey
Noah spends several hours each week helping others. 1 the age of 7, his volunteering journey began at a summer camp, where he helped out with a soccer program. Even at such a young age, Noah realized he could make a difference to others. He said, “I realized I could help others, even as a kid.”
2 the saying goes “The rose’s in her hand, the flavor in mine.”, Noah received joy by helping others in many ways. At another summer camp, he beautified schools and parks, 3 (paint) alone. It was surprising that he did all of this by 4 (he) before 14. When people asked about his favorite part of volunteering, Noah said, “I love the smiles, hugs, and thank you. I get such 5 strong feeling of satisfaction from these.” After that, Noah decided to take part in even 6 (big) volunteer projects. For example, when he learned that some kids weren’t able to have meals on weekends, he joined a group to deliver hot suppers to children once a month. Noah enjoyed it so much that he started doing it every Saturday.
Noah’s volunteering didn’t stop there. He also helped out with art projects for disabled people and 7 (volunteer) for an after-school reading program. What’s more, he began helping the elderly. He explained, “We deliver birthday cakes to everyone over 89 during their birthday month 8 (cheer) them up.”
Now, Noah finds his efforts can help people live a better life. Recently, he worked 9 (close) with the local government to help the disabled people. “ 10 (kind) is the language which the deaf can hear and the blind can see,” as Mark Twain said.
【答案】
1. At 2. As 3. painting 4. himself 5. a 6. bigger 7. volunteered 8. to cheer 9. closely 10. Kindness
【导语】本文讲述了Noah从7岁开始的志愿服务经历，展现了他通过不同方式帮助他人、传递善意的故事。
1. 句意：在7岁时，他的志愿之旅始于一个夏令营，在那里他帮忙开展了一个足球项目。固定搭配“at the age of”表示“在……岁时”，句首单词首字母需大写。
2. 句意：俗话说“赠人玫瑰，手有余香”，Noah通过多种方式帮助他人，从中收获了快乐。固定搭配“as the saying goes”表示“俗话说”，句首单词首字母需大写。
3. 句意：在另一个夏令营，他独自粉刷，美化了学校和公园。句子已有谓语动词“beautified”，主语he和paint是主动关系，因此用现在分词作伴随状语。
4. 句意：令人惊讶的是，他在14岁之前就独自完成了所有这些事。固定搭配“by oneself”表示“独自”，空处需用反身代词。
5. 句意：我从这些中获得了一种强烈的满足感。此处泛指“一种强烈的满足感”，strong是辅音音素开头的单词，用a表示。
6. 句意：在那之后，Noah决定参与更大的志愿项目。even后常接形容词比较级，表示“更……”，big的比较级为bigger。
7. 句意：他还为残疾人的艺术项目提供帮助，并为课后阅读项目做志愿工作。and连接并列谓语，时态需与前面的“helped”保持一致，用一般过去时。
8. 句意：我们在他们的生日月份给所有89岁以上的人送生日蛋糕，来让他们开心。送蛋糕的目的是让老人开心，用不定式作目的状语。
9. 句意：最近，他与当地政府密切合作帮助残疾人。此处修饰动词“worked”，需用副词形式。
10. 句意：正如马克·吐温所说：“善良是聋人能听见、盲人能看见的语言。”此处作句子的主语，需用名词形式，kind的名词为kindness，句首单词首字母大写。
Passage 12
请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或时态，使短文通顺、连贯。
Have you ever been to Florence (佛罗伦萨), Italy It is a city full of 1 (history) buildings and world-famous art. I have been to Italy 2 (two), and Florence is without doubt my favourite city. Before my first trip, my friend Lily, who is a good travel 3 (plan), gave me a detailed 4 (introduce) about the city. She told me where to go, what to see, and how to avoid the busy hours in popular places.
Last summer, I visited Florence again. The city was 5 (complete) different from what I remembered. Some streets were 6 (crowd) with tourists from all over the world, but I didn’t feel 7 (scare) at all. Instead, I felt excited when I saw the famous Duomo—the great cathedral (大教堂) that stands in the heart of the city. I couldn’t hide my 8 (excite) when standing in front of this amazing building. The beautiful paintings and sculptures around every corner made me want to stay longer.
My parents 9 (go) to Florence ten years ago, and they said the local food was truly amazing. They still remember the taste of fresh pasta and rich coffee. Following their advice, I tried some 10 (Italy) dishes there, such as pizza and gelato, and they were wonderful. Besides, I also visited a local market and bought some handmade gifts.
Florence is not only a city of art but also a city of life. I hope to visit it again one day, and next time, I will stay even longer to enjoy its beauty.
【答案】
1. historical 2. twice 3. planner 4. introduction 5. completely 6. crowded 7. scared 8. excitement 9. went 10. Italian
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者两次游览意大利佛罗伦萨的经历，包括这座城市的历史建筑、艺术氛围、美食特色以及作者的感受。
【详解】1. 句意：这是一座充满历史建筑和世界著名艺术的城市。空格处修饰名词buildings，需用形容词。history的形容词为historical，意为“历史的；有关历史的”。
2. 句意：我去过意大利两次，佛罗伦萨无疑是我最喜欢的城市。根据“Before my first trip”以及“Last summer, I visited Florence again”可知，作者去过两次意大利，应用副词twice表示“两次”。
3. 句意：在我的第一次旅行之前，我的朋友莉莉，一个很好的旅行规划师，给了我关于这座城市的详细介绍。根据“who is a good travel...”可知，莉莉是一个善于规划旅行的人。plan表示“计划”，此处指人，应用planner表示“规划者”，a后接单数名词。
4. 句意：在我的第一次旅行之前，我的朋友莉莉，一个很好的旅行规划师，给了我关于这座城市的详细介绍。空前有a detailed修饰，需用单数名词。introduce的名词为introduction，意为“介绍”。
5. 句意：这座城市与我记忆中的完全不同。空格处修饰形容词different，需用副词。complete的副词为completely，意为“完全地”。
6. 句意：有些街道挤满了来自世界各地的游客，但我一点也不觉得害怕。be crowded with为固定搭配，意为“挤满了……”。
7. 句意：有些街道挤满了来自世界各地的游客，但我一点也不觉得害怕。系动词feel后跟形容词作表语，修饰人应用scared，意为“感到害怕的”。
8. 句意：当站在这座令人惊叹的建筑前时，我无法掩饰自己的兴奋。空前有物主代词my，需用名词。excite的名词为excitement，意为“兴奋”，是不可数名词。
9. 句意：我的父母十年前去过佛罗伦萨，他们说当地的美食确实令人惊讶。时间状语“ten years ago”表示过去的时间，句子应用一般过去时。go的过去式为went。
10. 句意：遵循他们的建议，我在那里品尝了一些意大利菜，比如披萨和冰淇淋。空格处修饰名词dishes，需用形容词。Italy的形容词为Italian，意为“意大利的”。
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