资源简介 / 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科知识过关第三讲 语法【语法通关】Unit10一、核心语法 1:前缀 tele- 与 e-(构词法,必考)1. 前缀 tele-(= far 远程 / 远距离)含义:远程的、通过电话 / 电视 / 网络的例词:telephone(电话)television(电视)teleshopping(电视购物)teleworker(远程工作者)telemedicine(远程医疗)例句:A teleworker works at home on a computer.(远程工作者在家用电脑办公。)2. 前缀 e-(= electronic 电子 / 网络)含义:电子的、与互联网相关的例词(注意多带连字符):email(电子邮件)e-book(电子书)e-money(电子货币)e-business(电子商务)e-learning(在线学习)例句:I often pay with e-money instead of cash.(我常用电子货币支付,不用现金。)3. 构词规律前缀 + 基础名词 → 新名词,含义由前缀 + 基础词共同决定。核心语法 2:英语五大基本句型1. S+V(主谓:不及物动词,无宾语)结构:主语 + 谓语(vi.)例句:My computer freezes.(我的电脑死机了。)The internet works.(网络正常运行。)2. S+V+P(主系表:描述状态 / 特征)结构:主语 + 系动词(be/feel/look/seem)+ 表语例句:The internet is useful.(互联网很有用。)Online classes are interesting.(网课很有趣。)3. S+V+O(主谓宾:及物动词 + 宾语)结构:主语 + 谓语(vt.)+ 宾语例句:I search information online.(我上网查信息。)She reads e-books every day.(她每天读电子书。)4. S+V+IO+DO(主谓双宾:给 / 传递类动词)结构:主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语(人)+ 直接宾语(物)常用动词:give/send/show/tell例句:I sent him an email.(我给他发了一封邮件。)She showed me a video.(她给我看了一个视频。)5. S+V+O+C(主谓宾补:补充说明宾语)结构:主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语例句:The internet makes our life easier.(网络让生活更便捷。)6. There be 句型(表 “存在有”)结构:There + is/are + 主语 + 地点状语例句:There are many advantages of the internet.(互联网有很多优点。)单元重点时态1. 一般现在时(描述常态 / 习惯)标志:usually/often/every day例句:He checks emails every morning.2. 现在进行时(描述正在发生的动作)结构:am/is/are + doing例句:They are having an online meeting now.3. 一般将来时(描述未来动作)结构:will + do /be going to + do例句:We will learn e-learning next class.四、期末高频考点 + 易错点1. 构词法辨析(填空 / 拼写常考)远程工作者:teleworker(非 e-worker)电子书:e-book(非 tele-book)2. 句型判断技巧(单选 / 句型转换)无宾语 → S+V系动词后接形容词 → S+V+P人 + 物双宾语 → S+V+IO+DO3. 固定搭配(完形 / 写作必用)search for 搜索connect with 与…… 连接make good use of 充分利用stay away from 远离Unit11一、核心语法:定语从句(that 引导)1. 基本概念修饰名词 / 代词,限定人或事物,that 可指代人、物,在从句中作主语或宾语。2. 句式结构先行词 + that + 定语从句先行词:被修饰的人 / 物名词that:关系代词,指代先行词3. 两种常用用法1)that 在从句中作主语,不可省略例:This is the book that talks about Chinese culture.这是一本讲述中国文化的书。2)that 在从句中作宾语,可以省略例:I like the clothes (that) you bought.我喜欢你买的衣服。4. 基础判断口诀先行词是人 / 物,从句缺主宾,就用 that 连接二、重点时态:一般过去时结构肯定:主语 + 动词过去式否定:didn’t + 动词原形疑问:Did + 主语 + 动词原形常用标志long long ago, in ancient times, years ago, once例句People made silk thousands of years ago.数千年前人们就制作丝绸。三、词性转换(单元高频变形)tradition n. 传统 → traditional adj. 传统的history n. 历史 → historical adj. 历史的culture n. 文化 → cultural adj. 文化的invent v. 发明 → invention n. 发明;inventor n. 发明者beauty n. 美丽 → beautiful adj. 美丽的四、固定句型 & 搭配be famous for 因…… 闻名be made of 由…… 制成(看得见原材料)be made in 在某地制造It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人时间做某事one of + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数 最…… 之一五、易错考点that 只指代人 / 物,不指代时间地点one of 后名词必须用复数,谓语动词用单数区分 be made of /be made fromof:原料外形不变from:原料发生化学变化六、典型例句The kite that is red looks beautiful.(that 作主语)This is the place that I visited last year.(that 作宾语)Paper is one of the greatest inventions in China.Unit12一、核心语法:who/which/that 引导定语从句1. 关系代词用法区分表格关系词 指代对象 句法作用 可否省略who 人 作主 / 宾语 作宾语可省which 物 作主 / 宾语 作宾语可省that 人 / 物 作主 / 宾语 作宾语可省2. 句式结构先行词 + 关系词 + 剩余句子成分3. 例句who 指人The writer who wrote the story is famous.这位写故事的作家很有名。which 指物This is the book which I like best.这是我最喜欢的书。that 通用He is the person that helped me.它是那本讲述名著的书。4. 省略规则关系词在从句中作宾语,可以直接删掉;作主语不可省略。二、重点语法:被动语态(一般现在 / 一般过去)1. 基本结构 一般现在被动:am/is/are + 过去分词 一般过去被动:was/were + 过去分词2. 用法强调动作承受者,不知道 / 不必说出动作执行者例:Many old stories are told every year.很多古老故事年年被传颂。The novel was written long ago.这部小说创作于很久以前。3. 常用过去分词write-written, know-known, make-made, tell-told三、词性高频转换1.literature n. 文学 → literary adj. 文学的2.history n. 历史 → historic adj. 有历史意义的3.educate v. 教育 → education n. 教育;educational adj. 有教育意义的4.introduce v. 介绍 → introduction n. 介绍四、核心固定搭配1.be known as 作为…… 闻名2.be regarded as 被看作3.a lot of works of literature 大量文学作品4.in one's life 在某人一生中5.live on 流传;继续存在五、易错考点1.先行词人用 who,物用 which,通用选 that2.被动语态主谓单复数匹配,时态不乱换3.works 表 “著作、作品”,常用复数形式4.定语从句谓语单复数跟随先行词变化六、典型句型1.The man who you met is a great writer.2.These poems which we read are wonderful.3.This book was finished in 1800.【基础巩固】一、单项选择1.“I sent Kangkang an email” is a sentence pattern of ________.A.S+V+O+O B.S+V+O C.S+V+P2.—Please choose ________ you want to eat, kids! It is all delicious—Thanks a lot.A.whatever B.whenever C.whoever3.— Better learners know how to ________ small pockets of time.— True. For example, waiting for the bus is a good chance to practice listening.A.stick to B.take up C.make use of4.Don’t ________ a person by what he says, but by what he does.A.hide B.hit C.judge5.The ________ tour around the world online made all of us feel ________.A.amazed; amazing B.amazing; amazed C.amazing; amazing6.There is a clear ________ between the Chinese character for “credit” (信) and “person” and “speech” (言).A.invention B.connection C.education7.We should judge the information ________.A.carefully B.loudly C.early8.Please keep ________ eye on your things in public.A.a B.an C.the9.________ a word, we must use the Internet wisely.A.For B.In C.At10.We must keep our personal information ________.A.safe B.boring C.funny11.He told me ________ he bought a new bike yesterday.A.that B.who C.whose12.She said ________ she would go to Beijing the next day.A.that B.where C.why13.We can ________ information online.A.look for B.look like C.look at14.I’m proud ________ our country.A.of B.at C.in15.Let’s ________ some notes for the project.A.take B.takes C.taking16.If you find your nose bleeding, you should ________ down on your nose for a moment to make a nosebleed stop.A.press B.pull C.check17.In Thailand, elephants are a symbol ________ good luck.A.for B.of C.to18.—Why do you want to perform Chinese kung fu at the meeting —Because I want to let my classmates know more about ________ Chinese culture.A.traditional B.modern C.foreign19.All the students are excited ________ the Chinese culture show at the class meeting.A.about B.with C.for20.—What do you plan to do for the class meeting —I plan to ________ a short play with my deskmate, and it’s about Qipao.A.put on B.write down C.look for21.—Mr. Yang, could you tell me ________ —Sure. You can write them down and go over them often.A.how to remember new English wordsB.what the English words meanC.why it is important to learn English22.I don’t know ________ it will be rainy on weekends. ________ it rains, I’ll stay at home.A.if; Whether B.whether; Whether C.if; If23.It’s hard to get used to ________ in a new country, but after a few months, you will feel more comfortable.A.lived B.living C.lives24.I ________ my English notes when the thunder suddenly rolled across the sky.A.review B.was reviewing C.reviews25.We should remember ________ good people around us.A.help B.to help C.helping26.—Why do you like fables so much —Because they can teach me ________ I can use in life.A.nothing B.everything C.something27.—What’s Sun Wukong like —He’s brave and ________.A.handsome B.lazy C.strict28.He works hard and I’m sure he will ________.A.go far B.go out C.go on29.—Let’s walk along the green path after school. Do you know ________ it is —It’s about 5 kilometers.A.how old B.how high C.how far30.Romantic poets are known _________ their poems about love and nature.A.as B.for C.with二、短文填空阅读下面短文,根据上下文或括号内单词等提示,在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 Many people post things online. Sharing things online has become 31 common way for us to celebrate achievements or record beauty. Different kinds of apps and websites make communication 32 (easy) than before. We can share what 33 (happen) in the past few days with others. We can also give personal opinions on what we see. The Internet 34 (connect) us with friends, family, and even people in other countries. Sometimes, when we win a prize in a singing competition or do well in a test, we may share the happy news. At times, when we take 35 (photo) of beautiful views, we might also post them to share. However, not everything shared online is kind. Some can be unfriendly. Those unkind words may have unpleasant influences. Maybe people post things 36 thinking carefully. They just want to play a joke 37 (make) others laugh. But these are not good reasons. Good shares can make the online world warm and friendly, 38 bad ones can bring trouble to others. So when we want to share something on the Internet, we should ask 39 (we) whether the things we post are proper or not. Think twice before sharing. We should be responsible (有责任的) for what we share online. Never make up 40 spread anything that is not true. In short, always respect others’ feelings. If we can’t do that, maybe we’re not ready to share online yet./ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科试卷第1页,共3页试卷第1页,共3页参考答案1.A【详解】句意:“我发给康康一封电子邮件”是一个“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”的句型。 S+V+O+O(主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语);S+V+O(主语+谓语+宾语);S+V+P(主语+系动词+表语)。 句子“I sent Kangkang an email”中,I是主语(S),sent是谓语动词(V),Kangkang是间接宾语(O),an email是直接宾语(O),因此属于“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”结构,即S+V+O+O。2.A【详解】句意:——孩子们,请选择无论什么你们想吃的东西!都很好吃。——非常感谢。whatever无论什么;whenever无论什么时候;whoever无论谁。根据“choose ... you want to eat”可知,此处指选择吃的东西,表示“无论什么”。3.C【详解】句意:——更好的学习者知道如何利用零碎的时间。——确实,例如等公交车是练习听力的好机会。stick to坚持;take up占据;make use of利用。根据答句“waiting for the bus is a good chance to practice listening”可知,等待公交的时间被用来练习听力,说明要“利用”零碎时间,应填make use of。4.C【详解】句意:不要根据一个人的言语来评判他,而要根据他的行为来评判他。hide隐藏;hit击打;judge判断。根据句意 “不要根据他说的话,而要根据他做的事来评判他”,应填judge。5.B【详解】句意:这次令人惊叹的线上环球旅行让我们所有人都感到很惊讶。amazed感到惊讶的(修饰人);amazing令人惊讶的(修饰物)。第一空修饰“tour”(旅行,是物),应用amazing;第二空修饰“us”(人),表示人的感受,应用amazed。因此选amazing; amazed。6.B【详解】句意:汉字“信”与“人”和“言”之间有明显的联系。invention发明;connection联系;education教育。根据“between the Chinese character for ‘credit’ (信) and ‘person’ and ‘speech’ (言)”可知,“信”这个字和“人”“言”之间是有联系的,应填connection。7.A【详解】句意:我们应该仔细地判断信息。carefully仔细地;loudly大声地;early早地。根据“judge the information”可知,对待信息需要谨慎判断,应填carefully。8.B【详解】句意:请在公共场合照看好你的物品。a一个,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an一个,用于元音音素开头的单词前;the这、那,表示特指。eye是以元音音素开头的单数名词,此处表示泛指,前面应用不定冠词an,固定短语keep an eye on意为“照看;留意”。9.B【详解】句意:总之,我们必须明智地使用互联网。for为了;In在……里面;At在。“in a word”是固定短语,意为“总之,简言之”,用来总结。10.A【详解】句意:我们必须保持我们的个人信息安全。safe安全的;boring无聊的;funny有趣的。keep在此处用作使役动词,构成“keep+ 宾语 + 形容词”结构,表示“使……保持某种状态”。根据常识,个人信息需要保持“安全”,而不是“无聊”或“有趣”。11.A【详解】句意:他告诉我昨天他买了一辆新自行车。that无实义;who谁;whose谁的。根据he bought a new bike yesterday可知从句结构完整,表示陈述事实,应用that引导。故选A。12.A【详解】句意:她说她第二天将去北京。that无实义,只起连接作用;where哪里;why为什么。从句“she would go to Beijing the next day”是陈述句,结构完整,不缺少成分,且句意完整,故用that引导宾语从句。13.A【详解】句意:我们可以在网上寻找信息。look for寻找,look like看起来像,look at看。根据“information online”可知是在网上查找资料,应用look for。14.A【详解】句意:我为我们的国家感到自豪。of……的;at在;in在……里面。固定搭配be proud of意为“为……感到自豪”,介词of符合句意。15.A【详解】句意:让我们为这个项目做些笔记吧。固定句型“Let’s do sth.”表示“让我们做某事”,后接动词原形,take符合语境。16.A【详解】句意:如果你发现鼻子流血,你应该按住鼻子一会儿让鼻血止住。press按,压;pull拉,拽;check检查。根据“to make a nosebleed stop”可知,目的是让鼻血止住,结合常识应按住鼻子,固定搭配press down。17.B【详解】句意:在泰国,大象是好运的象征。for为了;of……的;to向;到。a symbol of…为固定搭配,意为“……的象征”,此处应用介词of。18.A【详解】句意:——你为什么想在会议上表演中国功夫?——因为我想让我的同学们更多地了解传统的中国文化。traditional传统的;modern现代的;foreign外国的。根据问句中“perform Chinese kung fu”可知,中国功夫是中国传统文化的代表,因此此处指了解“传统的”中国文化。应填traditional。19.A【详解】句意:所有的学生在班会上对中国文化展示感到兴奋。about关于;with和……一起;for为了。固定搭配be excited about意为“对……感到兴奋”,符合语境。20.A【详解】句意:——你计划为班会做什么?——我计划和同桌上演一个短剧,它是关于旗袍的。put on上演;write down写下;look for寻找。根据“a short play”可知,短剧通常是用来表演的,应填put on。21.A【详解】句意:——杨老师,你能告诉我怎样记英语新单词吗?——当然可以。你可以把它们写下来,时常复习。how to remember new English words怎样记新的英语单词;what the English words mean英语单词意思是什么;why it is important to learn English为什么学习英语这么重要。根据“You can write them down and go over them often.”可知,此处询问记单词的方法。应填how to remember new English words。22.C【详解】句意:我不知道周末是否会下雨。如果下雨,我就待在家里。if是否/如果;whether是否。根据第一空前“I don’t know”可知,此处为宾语从句,表示是否,可用if或whether;根据第二空后“it rains, I’ll stay at home”可知,此处为条件状语从句,表示如果,只能用if,不能用whether。应填if;If。23.B【详解】句意:适应在一个新国家生活很难,但几个月后,你会感觉更自在。lived居住(过去式);living居住(动名词);lives居住(第三人称单数)。固定短语get used to doing sth.意为“习惯于做某事”,其中to是介词,后接动名词living作宾语。24.B【详解】句意:当雷声突然轰隆隆地响彻天空时,我正在复习我的英语笔记。根据“when the thunder suddenly rolled across the sky”可知,从句为一般过去时,表示过去某一具体时刻,主句表示当时正在进行的动作,应用过去进行时was/were+doing。主语是“I”,be动词用was。25.B【详解】句意:我们应该记得去帮助我们周围的好人。help帮助;to help去帮助;helping帮助。remember to do sth.意为“记得去做某事”,表示动作尚未发生;remember doing sth.意为“记得做过某事”,表示动作已经发生。根据“We should”可知是提醒要去帮助,动作未发生。故选B。26.C【详解】句意:——你为什么这么喜欢寓言?——因为它们能教会我一些我在生活中可以用到的东西。nothing没有什么;everything一切;something某事/某物。根据句意,寓言能教给我“一些”可以在生活中使用的东西,肯定句中应用something。27.A【详解】句意:——孙悟空是什么样的?——他勇敢而且英俊。handsome英俊的;lazy懒惰的;strict严格的。此处应填形容词handsome,和brave并列作表语。28.A【详解】句意:他努力工作,我确信他会大有前途。go far有作为;go out出去;go on继续。根据“He works hard”可知,努力工作通常会有好的结果,推测出他会大有前途。29.C【详解】句意:——放学后我们沿着绿色步道走吧。你知道它有多远吗?——大约5公里。how old多大年纪,用于提问年龄;how high多高,用于提问高度;how far多远,用于提问距离。根据答语“It’s about 5 kilometers.”可知,此处询问的是距离,应填how far。30.B【详解】句意:浪漫主义诗人因他们关于爱情和自然的诗歌而闻名。as作为;for因为;with和。“be known for”意为“因……而闻名”(后接闻名的原因);“be known as”意为“作为……而闻名”(后接身份/称号)。根据“their poems about love and nature”可知是指闻名的原因,应用“be known for”,因此应选for。31.a 32.easier 33.has happened/happened 34.connects 35.photos 36.without 37.to make 38.while/but 39.ourselves 40.or【导语】本文讨论了人们在网上分享内容的普遍现象,指出网络分享带来的便利与潜在问题,强调了在分享时应保持善意、尊重他人并对自己发布的内容负责。31.句意:在网上分享东西已经成为我们庆祝成就或记录美好的一种常见方式。此处表示泛指“一种常见方式”,且“common”以辅音音素开头,需用不定冠词“a”。32.句意:各种各样的应用程序和网站使交流比以前更容易。句中有比较级标志词than,此处要填easy的比较级easier,在句中作宾语补足语。33.句意:我们可以与他人分享过去几天发生的事情。时间状语“in the past few days”常与现在完成时连用,表示从过去持续到现在的动作或经历。what作主语时谓语动词用单数,助动词用has,happen的过去分词为happened。也可用一般现在时表示过去几天发生的事情,不强调对现在的影响,happen的过去式为happened。34.句意:互联网将我们与朋友、家人甚至其他国家的人连接起来。句子描述客观事实,应用一般现在时。主语“The Internet”为第三人称单数,谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式connects。35.句意:有时,当我们拍摄美丽风景的照片时,我们也可能把它们发布出来分享。“take photos”是固定搭配,表示“拍照”,需用名词复数形式“photos”。36.句意:也许人们发布东西时没有仔细考虑。此处表示“没有”仔细考虑,需用介词“without”,后接动名词“thinking”。37.句意:他们只是想开个玩笑让别人发笑。此处用动词不定式“to make”作目的状语,表示“为了”。38.句意:好的分享能让网络世界温暖友好,而坏的分享会给他人带来麻烦。前后句为对比转折关系,需用连词“while”表示对比或“but”表示转折。39.句意:我们应该问自己,我们发布的内容是否合适。“ask oneself”是固定搭配,表示“问自己”,主语“we”对应的反身代词为“ourselves”。40.句意:永远不要编造或传播任何不真实的东西。“make up”和“spread”为并列的谓语动词,表示“编造”或“传播”,两者之间需用连词“or”表示选择关系。/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科知识过关第三讲 语法【语法通关】Unit10一、核心语法 1:前缀 tele- 与 e-(构词法,必考)1. 前缀 tele-(= far 远程 / 远距离)含义:远程的、通过电话 / 电视 / 网络的例词:telephone(电话)television(电视)teleshopping(电视购物)teleworker(远程工作者)telemedicine(远程医疗)例句:A teleworker works at home on a computer.(远程工作者在家用电脑办公。)2. 前缀 e-(= electronic 电子 / 网络)含义:电子的、与互联网相关的例词(注意多带连字符):email(电子邮件)e-book(电子书)e-money(电子货币)e-business(电子商务)e-learning(在线学习)例句:I often pay with e-money instead of cash.(我常用电子货币支付,不用现金。)3. 构词规律前缀 + 基础名词 → 新名词,含义由前缀 + 基础词共同决定。核心语法 2:英语五大基本句型1. S+V(主谓:不及物动词,无宾语)结构:主语 + 谓语(vi.)例句:My computer freezes.(我的电脑死机了。)The internet works.(网络正常运行。)2. S+V+P(主系表:描述状态 / 特征)结构:主语 + 系动词(be/feel/look/seem)+ 表语例句:The internet is useful.(互联网很有用。)Online classes are interesting.(网课很有趣。)3. S+V+O(主谓宾:及物动词 + 宾语)结构:主语 + 谓语(vt.)+ 宾语例句:I search information online.(我上网查信息。)She reads e-books every day.(她每天读电子书。)4. S+V+IO+DO(主谓双宾:给 / 传递类动词)结构:主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语(人)+ 直接宾语(物)常用动词:give/send/show/tell例句:I sent him an email.(我给他发了一封邮件。)She showed me a video.(她给我看了一个视频。)5. S+V+O+C(主谓宾补:补充说明宾语)结构:主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语例句:The internet makes our life easier.(网络让生活更便捷。)6. There be 句型(表 “存在有”)结构:There + is/are + 主语 + 地点状语例句:There are many advantages of the internet.(互联网有很多优点。)单元重点时态1. 一般现在时(描述常态 / 习惯)标志:usually/often/every day例句:He checks emails every morning.2. 现在进行时(描述正在发生的动作)结构:am/is/are + doing例句:They are having an online meeting now.3. 一般将来时(描述未来动作)结构:will + do /be going to + do例句:We will learn e-learning next class.四、期末高频考点 + 易错点1. 构词法辨析(填空 / 拼写常考)远程工作者:teleworker(非 e-worker)电子书:e-book(非 tele-book)2. 句型判断技巧(单选 / 句型转换)无宾语 → S+V系动词后接形容词 → S+V+P人 + 物双宾语 → S+V+IO+DO3. 固定搭配(完形 / 写作必用)search for 搜索connect with 与…… 连接make good use of 充分利用stay away from 远离Unit11一、核心语法:定语从句(that 引导)1. 基本概念修饰名词 / 代词,限定人或事物,that 可指代人、物,在从句中作主语或宾语。2. 句式结构先行词 + that + 定语从句先行词:被修饰的人 / 物名词that:关系代词,指代先行词3. 两种常用用法1)that 在从句中作主语,不可省略例:This is the book that talks about Chinese culture.这是一本讲述中国文化的书。2)that 在从句中作宾语,可以省略例:I like the clothes (that) you bought.我喜欢你买的衣服。4. 基础判断口诀先行词是人 / 物,从句缺主宾,就用 that 连接二、重点时态:一般过去时结构肯定:主语 + 动词过去式否定:didn’t + 动词原形疑问:Did + 主语 + 动词原形常用标志long long ago, in ancient times, years ago, once例句People made silk thousands of years ago.数千年前人们就制作丝绸。三、词性转换(单元高频变形)tradition n. 传统 → adj. 传统的history n. 历史 → adj. 历史的culture n. 文化 → adj. 文化的invent v. 发明 → n. 发明; n. 发明者beauty n. 美丽 → adj. 美丽的四、固定句型 & 搭配be famous for 因…… 闻名be made of 由…… 制成(看得见原材料)be made in 在某地制造It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人时间做某事one of + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数 最…… 之一五、易错考点that 只指代人 / 物,不指代时间地点one of 后名词必须用复数,谓语动词用单数区分 be made of /be made fromof:原料外形不变from:原料发生化学变化六、典型例句The kite that is red looks beautiful.(that 作主语)This is the place that I visited last year.(that 作宾语)Paper is one of the greatest inventions in China.Unit12一、核心语法:who/which/that 引导定语从句1. 关系代词用法区分表格关系词 指代对象 句法作用 可否省略who 人 作主 / 宾语 作宾语可省which 物 作主 / 宾语 作宾语可省that 人 / 物 作主 / 宾语 作宾语可省2. 句式结构先行词 + 关系词 + 剩余句子成分3. 例句who 指人The writer who wrote the story is famous.这位写故事的作家很有名。which 指物This is the book which I like best.这是我最喜欢的书。that 通用He is the person that helped me.它是那本讲述名著的书。4. 省略规则关系词在从句中作宾语,可以直接删掉;作主语不可省略。二、重点语法:被动语态(一般现在 / 一般过去)1. 基本结构 一般现在被动:am/is/are + 过去分词 一般过去被动:was/were + 过去分词2. 用法强调动作承受者,不知道 / 不必说出动作执行者例:Many old stories are told every year.很多古老故事年年被传颂。The novel was written long ago.这部小说创作于很久以前。3. 常用过去分词write-written, know-known, make-made, tell-told三、词性高频转换1.literature n. 文学 → adj. 文学的2.history n. 历史 → adj. 有历史意义的3.educate v. 教育 → n. 教育; adj. 有教育意义的4.introduce v. 介绍 → n. 介绍四、核心固定搭配1.be known as 作为…… 闻名2.be regarded as 被看作3.a lot of works of literature 大量文学作品4.in one's life 在某人一生中5.live on 流传;继续存在五、易错考点1.先行词人用 who,物用 which,通用选 that2.被动语态主谓单复数匹配,时态不乱换3.works 表 “著作、作品”,常用复数形式4.定语从句谓语单复数跟随先行词变化六、典型句型1.The man who you met is a great writer.2.These poems which we read are wonderful.3.This book was finished in 1800.【基础巩固】一、单项选择1.“I sent Kangkang an email” is a sentence pattern of ________.A.S+V+O+O B.S+V+O C.S+V+P2.—Please choose ________ you want to eat, kids! It is all delicious—Thanks a lot.A.whatever B.whenever C.whoever3.— Better learners know how to ________ small pockets of time.— True. For example, waiting for the bus is a good chance to practice listening.A.stick to B.take up C.make use of4.Don’t ________ a person by what he says, but by what he does.A.hide B.hit C.judge5.The ________ tour around the world online made all of us feel ________.A.amazed; amazing B.amazing; amazed C.amazing; amazing6.There is a clear ________ between the Chinese character for “credit” (信) and “person” and “speech” (言).A.invention B.connection C.education7.We should judge the information ________.A.carefully B.loudly C.early8.Please keep ________ eye on your things in public.A.a B.an C.the9.________ a word, we must use the Internet wisely.A.For B.In C.At10.We must keep our personal information ________.A.safe B.boring C.funny11.He told me ________ he bought a new bike yesterday.A.that B.who C.whose12.She said ________ she would go to Beijing the next day.A.that B.where C.why13.We can ________ information online.A.look for B.look like C.look at14.I’m proud ________ our country.A.of B.at C.in15.Let’s ________ some notes for the project.A.take B.takes C.taking16.If you find your nose bleeding, you should ________ down on your nose for a moment to make a nosebleed stop.A.press B.pull C.check17.In Thailand, elephants are a symbol ________ good luck.A.for B.of C.to18.—Why do you want to perform Chinese kung fu at the meeting —Because I want to let my classmates know more about ________ Chinese culture.A.traditional B.modern C.foreign19.All the students are excited ________ the Chinese culture show at the class meeting.A.about B.with C.for20.—What do you plan to do for the class meeting —I plan to ________ a short play with my deskmate, and it’s about Qipao.A.put on B.write down C.look for21.—Mr. Yang, could you tell me ________ —Sure. You can write them down and go over them often.A.how to remember new English wordsB.what the English words meanC.why it is important to learn English22.I don’t know ________ it will be rainy on weekends. ________ it rains, I’ll stay at home.A.if; Whether B.whether; Whether C.if; If23.It’s hard to get used to ________ in a new country, but after a few months, you will feel more comfortable.A.lived B.living C.lives24.I ________ my English notes when the thunder suddenly rolled across the sky.A.review B.was reviewing C.reviews25.We should remember ________ good people around us.A.help B.to help C.helping26.—Why do you like fables so much —Because they can teach me ________ I can use in life.A.nothing B.everything C.something27.—What’s Sun Wukong like —He’s brave and ________.A.handsome B.lazy C.strict28.He works hard and I’m sure he will ________.A.go far B.go out C.go on29.—Let’s walk along the green path after school. Do you know ________ it is —It’s about 5 kilometers.A.how old B.how high C.how far30.Romantic poets are known _________ their poems about love and nature.A.as B.for C.with二、短文填空阅读下面短文,根据上下文或括号内单词等提示,在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 Many people post things online. Sharing things online has become 31 common way for us to celebrate achievements or record beauty. Different kinds of apps and websites make communication 32 (easy) than before. We can share what 33 (happen) in the past few days with others. We can also give personal opinions on what we see. The Internet 34 (connect) us with friends, family, and even people in other countries. Sometimes, when we win a prize in a singing competition or do well in a test, we may share the happy news. At times, when we take 35 (photo) of beautiful views, we might also post them to share. However, not everything shared online is kind. Some can be unfriendly. Those unkind words may have unpleasant influences. Maybe people post things 36 thinking carefully. They just want to play a joke 37 (make) others laugh. But these are not good reasons. Good shares can make the online world warm and friendly, 38 bad ones can bring trouble to others. So when we want to share something on the Internet, we should ask 39 (we) whether the things we post are proper or not. Think twice before sharing. We should be responsible (有责任的) for what we share online. Never make up 40 spread anything that is not true. In short, always respect others’ feelings. If we can’t do that, maybe we’re not ready to share online yet.(共34张PPT)知识过关第3讲 语法八年级最新仁爱版下【核心考点集训】期 末 专 题 复 习复习内容01知识梳理02基础巩固专项练习01知识梳理一、一、核心语法 1:前缀 tele- 与 e-(构词法,必考)1. 前缀 tele-(= far 远程 / 远距离)含义:远程的、通过电话 / 电视 / 网络的例词:telephone(电话)television(电视)teleshopping(电视购物)teleworker(远程工作者)telemedicine(远程医疗)例句:A teleworker works at home on a computer.(远程工作者在家用电脑办公。)/ 让教学更有效Unit10语法2. 前缀 e-(= electronic 电子 / 网络)含义:电子的、与互联网相关的例词(注意多带连字符):email(电子邮件)e-book(电子书)e-money(电子货币)e-business(电子商务)e-learning(在线学习)例句:I often pay with e-money instead of cash.(我常用电子货币支付,不用现金。)/ 让教学更有效2. 前缀 e-(= electronic 电子 / 网络)含义:电子的、与互联网相关的例词(注意多带连字符):email(电子邮件)e-book(电子书)e-money(电子货币)e-business(电子商务)e-learning(在线学习)例句:I often pay with e-money instead of cash.(我常用电子货币支付,不用现金。)/ 让教学更有效二、核心语法 2:英语五大基本句型1. S+V(主谓:不及物动词,无宾语)结构:主语 + 谓语(vi.)例句:My computer freezes.(我的电脑死机了。)The internet works.(网络正常运行。)2. S+V+P(主系表:描述状态 / 特征)结构:主语 + 系动词(be/feel/look/seem)+ 表语例句:The internet is useful.(互联网很有用。)Online classes are interesting.(网课很有趣。)/ 让教学更有效3. S+V+O(主谓宾:及物动词 + 宾语)结构:主语 + 谓语(vt.)+ 宾语例句:I search information online.(我上网查信息。)She reads e-books every day.(她每天读电子书。)4. S+V+IO+DO(主谓双宾:给 / 传递类动词)结构:主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语(人)+ 直接宾语(物)常用动词:give/send/show/tell例句:I sent him an email.(我给他发了一封邮件。)She showed me a video.(她给我看了一个视频。)/ 让教学更有效5. S+V+O+C(主谓宾补:补充说明宾语)结构:主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语例句:The internet makes our life easier.(网络让生活更便捷。)6. There be 句型(表 “存在有”)结构:There + is/are + 主语 + 地点状语例句:There are many advantages of the internet.(互联网有很多优点。)/ 让教学更有效三、单元重点时态1. 一般现在时(描述常态 / 习惯)标志:usually/often/every day例句:He checks emails every morning.2. 现在进行时(描述正在发生的动作)结构:am/is/are + doing例句:They are having an online meeting now./ 让教学更有效53. 一般将来时(描述未来动作)结构:will + do /be going to + do例句:We will learn e-learning next class./ 让教学更有效一、定语从句(that 引导)1. 基本概念修饰名词 / 代词,限定人或事物,that 可指代人、物,在从句中作主语或宾语。2. 句式结构先行词 + that + 定语从句先行词:被修饰的人 / 物名词that:关系代词,指代先行词/ 让教学更有效Unit11语法一、定语从句(that 引导)1. 基本概念修饰名词 / 代词,限定人或事物,that 可指代人、物,在从句中作主语或宾语。2. 句式结构先行词 + that + 定语从句先行词:被修饰的人 / 物名词that:关系代词,指代先行词/ 让教学更有效3. 两种常用用法1)that 在从句中作主语,不可省略例:This is the book that talks about Chinese culture.这是一本讲述中国文化的书。2)that 在从句中作宾语,可以省略例:I like the clothes (that) you bought.我喜欢你买的衣服。4. 基础判断口诀先行词是人 / 物,从句缺主宾,就用 that 连接/ 让教学更有效二、一般过去时结构肯定:主语 + 动词过去式否定:didn’t + 动词原形疑问:Did + 主语 + 动词原形/ 让教学更有效一、现在成时常用标志long long ago, in ancient times, years ago, once例句People made silk thousands of years ago.数千年前人们就制作丝绸。/ 让教学更有效三、词性转换tradition n. 传统 → traditional adj. 传统的history n. 历史 → historical adj. 历史的culture n. 文化 → cultural adj. 文化的invent v. 发明 → invention n. 发明;inventor n. 发明者beauty n. 美丽 → beautiful adj. 美丽的/ 让教学更有效一、现在成时be famous for 因…… 闻名be made of 由…… 制成(看得见原材料)be made in 在某地制造It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人时间做某事one of + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数 最…… 之一/ 让教学更有效四、固定句型 & 搭配一、核心语法:who/which/that 引导定语从句/ 让教学更有效Unit12语法1. 关系代词用法区分关系词 指代对象 句法作用 可否省略who 人 作主 / 宾语 作宾语可省which 物 作主 / 宾语 作宾语可省that 人 / 物 作主 / 宾语 作宾语可省2. 句式结构先行词 + 关系词 + 剩余句子成分3. 例句who 指人The writer who wrote the story is famous.这位写故事的作家很有名。which 指物This is the book which I like best.这是我最喜欢的书。that 通用He is the person that helped me.它是那本讲述名著的书。4. 省略规则关系词在从句中作宾语,可以直接删掉;作主语不可省略。/ 让教学更有效二、重点语法:被动语态(一般现在 / 一般过去)1. 基本结构 一般现在被动:am/is/are + 过去分词 一般过去被动:was/were + 过去分词2. 用法:强调动作承受者,不知道 / 不必说出动作执行者例:Many old stories are told every year.很多古老故事年年被传颂。The novel was written long ago.这部小说创作于很久以前。3. 常用过去分词:write-written, know-known, make-made, tell-told/ 让教学更有效02基础巩固专项练习一、单项选择1.“I sent Kangkang an email” is a sentence pattern of ________.A.S+V+O+O B.S+V+O C.S+V+P2.—Please choose ________ you want to eat, kids! It is all delicious—Thanks a lot.A.whatever B.whenever C.whoeverAA3.— Better learners know how to ________ small pockets of time.— True. For example, waiting for the bus is a good chance to practice listening.A.stick to B.take up C.make use of4.Don’t ________ a person by what he says, but by what he does.A.hide B.hit C.judgeCC5.The ________ tour around the world online made all of us feel ________.A.amazed; amazing B.amazing; amazed C.amazing; amazing6.There is a clear ________ between the Chinese character for “credit” (信) and “person” and “speech” (言).A.invention B.connection C.educationBB7.We should judge the information ________.A.carefully B.loudly C.early8.Please keep ________ eye on your things in public.A.a B.an C.theAB9.________ a word, we must use the Internet wisely.A.For B.In C.At10.We must keep our personal information ________.A.safe B.boring C.funnyBA11.He told me ________ he bought a new bike yesterday.A.that B.who C.whose12.She said ________ she would go to Beijing the next day.A.that B.where C.whyAA13.We can ________ information online.A.look for B.look like C.look at14.I’m proud ________ our country.A.of B.at C.inAA15.Let’s ________ some notes for the project.A.take B.takes C.taking16.If you find your nose bleeding, you should ________ down on your nose for a moment to make a nosebleed stop.A.press B.pull C.checkAA17.In Thailand, elephants are a symbol ________ good luck.A.for B.of C.to18.—Why do you want to perform Chinese kung fu at the meeting —Because I want to let my classmates know more about ________ Chinese culture.A.traditional B.modern C.foreignBA19.All the students are excited ________ the Chinese culture show at the class meeting.A.about B.with C.for20.—What do you plan to do for the class meeting —I plan to ________ a short play with my deskmate, and it’s about Qipao.A.put on B.write down C.look forAAThanks!21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源网站有大量高质量资料?一线教师?一线教研员?欢迎加入21世纪教育网教师合作团队!!月薪过万不是梦!!详情请看:https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.php 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 知识过关第3讲 语法一【核心考点集训】2026春最仁爱版英语八年级下册期末复习课件.pptx 知识过关第3讲语法一【核心考点集训】2026春最新仁爱版英语八年级下册期末复习(学生版).docx 知识过关第3讲语法一【核心考点集训】2026春最新仁爱版英语八年级下册期末复习(教师版).docx