资源简介

(共141张PPT)
主题概述
本主题聚焦学生的日常饮食习惯、营养搭配与健康管理，涵盖食品安全、均衡营养、饮食文化等方面内容，旨在引导学生树立科学的饮食理念，培养健康的生活方式，提高营养健康意识，促进身心全面协调发展
子话题1　食物种类与营养成分
（一）水果/蔬菜/肉类
1. pear n.梨；梨树
2. grape n.葡萄
3. strawberry n.草莓
4. nut n.坚果
5. cabbage n.卷心菜
主题单词
9. mushroom n.蘑菇；蘑菇状物
10. steak n.牛排；碎牛肉；鱼片
11. ham n.火腿
12. turkey n.火鸡；火鸡肉
6. pumpkin n.南瓜
7. cucumber n.黄瓜
8. bean n.豆；豆荚
（二）饮料/主食及其他
1. juice n.果汁；肉汁
juicy adj.多汁的
2. alcohol n.酒；酒精
3. ingredient n.成分；原料
4. flour n.面粉
5. hamburger n.汉堡包
6. salad n.沙拉，色拉；尤指莴苣
7. dessert n.甜点
8. jam n.果酱；拥挤； vt.把……挤进，把……塞满 vi.挤满，堵塞
9. snack n.小吃；点心
10. cream n.奶油；护肤霜；药膏；奶油色
11. biscuit n.（英）饼干；（美）小面包
12. cheese n.奶酪
13. butter n.黄油；奶油； v.给……抹上黄油
14. dairy n.乳制品 adj.乳制品的
15. protein n.蛋白质
16. vitamin n.维生素
19. porridge n.粥
20. supplement n.补充物 v.补充，增补
21. yield n.产量，收益 v.屈服，让步
17. fiber n.（食物）纤维
18. ingredient n.原料，组成部分
子话题2　烹饪、口味与饮食习惯
（一）烹饪方法
1. cook v.烹饪 n.厨师
cooker n.炉灶，灶具
2. bake v.烘；烤
3. grill v.（在烤架上）烧烤
4. roast v.烤（肉等） adj.烤熟的 n.烤肉
5. slice n.薄片；部分；锅铲； v.将……切成薄片，切开
6. fry v.油炸；油煎
7. steam v.蒸 n.蒸汽
8. instant adj.速溶的；立即的；即食的n.瞬息，（某一）时刻
（二）口味
1. delicious adj.美味的
2. tasty adj.美味的
3. salty adj.咸的
4. bitter adj.苦的
5. sour adj.酸的
6. mild adj.温和的；不辣的
7. raw adj.生的；未加工的
8. spicy adj.辛辣的
子话题3　健康饮食与问题
1. healthy adj.健康的
unhealthy adj.不健康的
2. chew v.咀嚼；嚼碎；（因紧张）咬； n.口香糖
3. swallow vi.& vt.吞下；咽下vt.抑制；吞没；淹没； n.燕子
4. digest v.消化；理解 n.摘要，文摘
digestion n.消化
5. appetite n.食欲；胃口
6. nutrition n.营养
nutritious adj.有营养的，滋养的
7. fresh adj.新鲜的
8. moderate adj.适度的；有节制的
9. addictive adj.使人上瘾的
addicted adj.上瘾的；入迷的
addict n.有瘾的人；入迷的人；（吸毒）成瘾者； v.使沉迷；使上瘾
10. ripe adj.成熟的；口味浓郁的；难闻的；时机成熟的
11. gain v.增加；获得；受益；到达n.增加；好处；利润
12. poison n.毒素；毒物；毒药v.毒害；下毒
poisonous adj.有毒的
子话题4　餐饮文化与场合
1. customer n.顾客
2. chef n.（餐馆的）厨师长；主厨
3. chopsticks n.（pl.） 筷子
4. fork n.餐叉
5. spoon n.勺子
6. pan n.平底锅
7. menu n.菜单
8. reserve v.预订；保留 n.储备；保护区
reservation n.预订；预约；保留
9. cancel v.取消，终止，废除，注销
10. bill n.账单；议案；纸币
11. tip n.小费；尖端，顶端；提示，忠告； v.（使）倾斜，倾倒； 给小费
12. occasion n.场合；时机
occasional adj.偶尔的；临时的
occasionally adv.偶尔，偶然，有时候
13. cafeteria n.自助餐厅，食堂
14. canteen n.食堂
15. buffet n.自助餐
子话题5　健康习惯与生活方式
1. lifestyle n.生活方式
2. routine n.常规；例行公事
3. diet n.饮食；节食
4. energy n.能量；精力；活力
energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的
energetically adv.精力充沛地
5. organic adj.有机的
6. regular adj.规律的；定期的
regularly adv.经常；定期地；有规律地
irregular adj.无规律的；不定期的
7. enormous adj.巨大的，极大的
8. sufficient adj.充足的；足够的
9. normal adj.正常的，平常的
abnormal adj.不正常的，反常的
10. cigarette n.香烟，卷烟
11. harm vt.& n.伤害，损害
harmful adj.有害的
12. form v.形成；养成n.类型；形态；外形；表格；状态
13. avoid v.避免
14. release v.释放；松开；发泄； 解雇
15. faint adj.微弱的 v.晕倒
16. sore adj.疼痛的，酸痛的
主题短语
1. take in 摄入
2. lose weight 减重
3. stick to 坚持
4. go on a diet 节食
5. burn off 燃烧消耗
6. live on 以……为食
7. keep off （使）不接近；禁食
8. suffer from 患有
11. for the purpose of 为了……的目的
12. for the sake of 为了……的缘故
9. recover from 从……恢复
10. without delay 不耽搁，立即
主题语块
1. maintain a balanced diet 保持均衡饮食
2. develop healthy eating habits 养成健康饮食习惯
3. consume junk food 吃垃圾食品
4. skip meals 不吃饭
5. count calories 计算卡路里
6. drink plenty of water 多喝水
7. eat fresh vegetables 吃新鲜蔬菜
8. avoid processed food 避免加工食品
9. reduce sugar intake 减少糖分摄入
10. increase fiber consumption 增加纤维摄入
主题佳句
高考必背写作佳句
1. 句型公式：It be＋（widely/universally）＋过去分词 （recommended/accepted/acknowledged ...）＋that从句
It is widely acknowledged that your insights are very popular among our student readers， so we are all eagerly anticipating this piece. （2025·全国二卷）
众所周知，你的见解在我们的学生读者中很受欢迎，所以我们都很期 待这篇文章。
2. 句型公式：Having done sth， sb did sth
Having gathered his courage， he explained everything that had happened， his voice trembling with anxiety. （2025·1月浙江卷）
他鼓起勇气，解释了所发生的一切，他的声音因焦虑而颤抖。
基础知识巩固集训（一）　默写训练
Ⅰ.单词默写
1. adj.速溶的；立即的；即食的n.瞬息，（某一）时刻
2. adj.美味的
3. adj.苦的
4. adj.成熟的；口味浓郁的；难闻的；时机成熟的
5. v.增加；获得；受益；到达n.增加；好处；利润
6. n.顾客
7. adj.生的；未加工的
instant　
delicious/tasty　
bitter　
ripe　
gain　
customer　
raw　
8. n.小费；尖端；顶端；提示；忠告 v.（使）倾斜，倾倒； 给小费
9. n.饮食；节食
tip　
diet　
Ⅱ.派生单词默写
1. juice n.果汁；肉汁
adj.多汁的
2. addict n.有瘾的人；入迷的人；（吸毒）成瘾者v.使沉迷，使上瘾
adj.使人上瘾的
adj.上瘾的，入迷的
3. regular adj.规律的；定期的
adv.经常；定期地；有规律地
adj.无规律的；不定期的
juicy　
addictive　
addicted　
regularly　
irregular　
4. occasion n.场合；时机
adj.偶尔的；临时的
adv.偶尔，偶然，有时候
5. energy n.能量；精力；活力
adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的
adv.精力充沛地
6. normal adj.正常的，平常的
adj.不正常的，反常的
occasional　
occasionally　
energetic　
energetically　
abnormal　
Ⅲ.短语/语块默写
1. 　坚持
2. 　节食
3. 　燃烧消耗
4. 　（使）不接近，禁食
5. 　患有
6. 　为了……的缘故
7. 养成健康饮食习惯
8. 　　不吃饭
stick to　
go on a diet　
burn off　
keep off　
suffer from　
for the sake of　
develop healthy eating habits
skip meals　
Ⅳ.主题佳句默写
1. your insights are very popular among our student readers， so we are all eagerly anticipating this piece.
众所周知，你的见解在我们的学生读者中很受欢迎，所以我们都很期 待这篇文章。
2. everything that had happened， his voice trembling with anxiety.
他鼓起勇气，解释了所发生的一切，他的声音因焦虑而颤抖。
It is widely acknowledged that　
Having gathered his courage， he explained　
基础知识巩固集训（二）　语境运用
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. After being sick for a week， Maria slowly regained her （食欲） and started enjoying meals again.
2. The farmers’ market offers （新鲜的） vegetables and fruits picked directly from local farms.
3. Due to the heavy snowstorm， the school had to （取消） all outdoor activities scheduled for today.
appetite　
fresh　
cancel　
4. Regular reading habits can help students （形成） better language skills and critical thinking abilities.
5. To stay healthy during flu season， you should （避免） crowded places and wash your hands frequently.
6. The company decided to （解雇） several employees due to budget cuts this quarter.
form　
avoid　
release　
Ⅱ.用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. Eating too quickly can cause problems with （digest） and make you feel uncomfortable after meals.
2. The school cafeteria serves （nutrition） meals that provide students with balanced vitamins and minerals.
3. Many wild mushrooms found in the forest are （poison） and should never be eaten without expert identification.
4. We need to make a hotel （reserve） well in advance for our summer vacation trip.
5. Excessive screen time can be （harm） to children’s eyesight and sleep patterns.
digestion　
nutritious　
poisonous　
reservation　
harmful　
needs to take in enough water　
recovered from that
serious illness　
for the purpose of
raising
4. Once symptoms of food poisoning are discovered， patients should .
一旦发现食物中毒的症状，患者应该立即就医治疗。
5. To stay healthy， everyone should .
为了保持身体健康，每个人都应该努力保持均衡饮食。
seek medical treatment without delay　
try to maintain a balanced diet　
addict n.有瘾的人；入迷的人；（吸毒）成瘾者v.使沉迷；使上瘾 →addictive adj.使人上瘾的→addicted adj.上瘾的；入迷的
练通 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Many teenagers become addicted social media and spend hours scrolling through their phones.
② ， she visits the library at least three times a week.
作为一个书迷，她每周至少去图书馆三次。
to　
As a book addict　
写美 微写作
③ is harmful to both students’ studies and health.
沉迷于电子游戏对学生的学习和健康都有害处。
Being addicted to video games　
用法
be addicted to　　沉迷于……
addict oneself to　　 沉溺于……
佳句 Many students are addicted to their smart phones， which affects their concentration in class.
许多学生沉迷于智能手机，这影响了他们在课堂上的注意力。
积累
a game addict 游戏迷
Internet addiction 网络成瘾
social media addiction 社交媒体成瘾
reserve v.预订；保留 n.储备；保护区→reservation n.预订；预 约；保留
练通 单句语法填空
①We need to make a （reserve） at the restaurant before going there.
②The teacher always reserves the front seats students who have difficulty seeing the blackboard.
reservation　
for　
写美 微写作
③She .
她毫无保留地向朋友们推荐这本书。
recommended this book to her friends without reservation　
用法
reserve sth for sb 　　为某人预留某物
nature reserve　　自然保护区
without reservation　　毫无保留地
make a reservation　　预订
佳句 The coach praised the young athlete’s performance without reservation after she won the swimming competition yesterday.
在她昨天赢得游泳比赛后，教练毫无保留地赞扬了这位年轻运动员的 表现。
occasion n.场合；时机→occasional adj.偶尔的；临时的 →occasionally adv.偶尔，偶然，有时候
练通 单句语法填空
①On special （occasion） like birthdays， families usually gather together to celebrate.
②She （occasional） visits her grandmother who lives in the countryside.
occasions　
occasionally　
写美 微写作
③ ， as it marks the 100th anniversary of our school.
这是一个值得庆祝的特殊场合，因为这是我们学校建校100周年。
This is a special occasion worth celebrating　
用法
on occasion（s）　有时；偶尔
on this/that occasion　　在这种/那种场合下
佳句 She wore her best dress for the occasion of her graduation ceremony.
她为毕业典礼这个场合穿上了最好的裙子。
积累
on rare occasions 在少数情况下
mark the occasion 纪念这个场合
seize the occasion 抓住机会
harm vt.& n.伤害，损害→harmful adj.有害的
练通 单句语法填空
①（2025·全国一卷）Scientists are still trying to determine how （harm） microplastics are — but what they do know has raised concerns.
②The storm caused great harm the crops in the farming areas.
harmful　
to　
写美 微写作
③It the positive aspects of our daily school life. Also， there the fun side of learning here. （2025·全国一卷）
强调我们日常校园生活的积极方面并没有什么坏处。另外，让每个人 看到这里学习的乐趣的一面也没有坏处。
does no harm to highlight　
is no harm in letting everyone see　
用法
do harm to sb/sth　　　对……有害
cause/bring harm to　　给……造成伤害
there is no harm in doing sth＝it does no harm to do sth　　
做某事没有坏处
be harmful to　　对……有害
佳句 Air pollution does great harm to people’s health， especially to children and elderly people.
空气污染对人们的健康危害很大，尤其是儿童和老年人。
积累
potential harm 潜在危害
mean no harm 没有恶意
be harmful to your health 对你的健康有害
form v.形成；养成 n.类型；形态；外形；表格；状态
练通 完成句子
①Students should from an early age.
学生应该从小养成良好的学习习惯。
②Please carefully and submit it before the deadline.
请认真填写这个申请表，并在截止日期前提交。
form good study habits　
fill in this application form　
写美 微写作
③ is important for improving language skills.
养成每天阅读的习惯对提高语言能力很重要。
Forming the habit of reading daily　
用法
form a habit　　　养成习惯
in the form of　　以……的形式
take the form of　　采取……的形式
佳句 Good teamwork is formed through regular practice and mutual understanding among team members.
良好的团队合作是通过团队成员之间的定期练习和相互理解形成的。
积累
fill in/out a form 填写表格
take shape/form 成形
form close bonds 建立密切联系
without delay 不耽搁，立即
练通 用without的相关短语填空
②He solved the complex math problem while other students struggled with the calculations.
without
delay　
without effort　
rushed into the burning building without
hesitation　
用法
without doubt　　无可置疑地
without effort　　毫不费力地
without hesitation　　毫不犹豫
without question　　毫无疑问
without reason　　无缘无故
without exception 　　无一例外
佳句 When her younger brother needed help， she offered her support without hesitation despite being busy.
当她的弟弟需要帮助时，尽管很忙，她还是毫不犹豫地提供了支持。
写作靓词——读后续写小妙招
loss n.丧失；损失；去世，逝世→lost adj.迷路的；失去的
佳句背诵
①The snowy mountaintops formed beautiful scenery， leaving us at a loss for words. （景物描写）
白雪皑皑的山顶构成了美丽的风景，美得让我们无法用语言形容。
②Lost in thought， he paid no attention to what was happening. （分词作状语）
他陷入沉思，没有注意正在发生的事情。
靓句写作 He felt an overwhelming ， as if a part of his soul had been torn away.
他感到一种无法抗拒的失落感，仿佛自己的一部分灵魂被撕裂了。
敲黑板
①a sense of loss 失落感
②（be） at a loss 感到迷惑；不知所措
③be lost in sth 全神贯注；沉浸于
sense of loss　
写作佳句——应用文写作与读后续写佳句仿写
句型公式：It be＋（widely/universally）＋过去分词 （recommended/accepted/acknowledged ...）＋that从句
点拨 这是一个it作形式主语的句型结构，真正的主语是that从句。 widely/universally等副词用来加强语气，表示“广泛地、普遍地”。
①It is widely acknowledged that reading extensively can significantly improve students’ language skills and critical thinking abilities. （学习 方法）
人们普遍认为广泛阅读能够显著提高学生的语言技能和批判性思 维能力。
②It is universally accepted that regular exercise and a balanced diet are essential for maintaining good health throughout life.
人们普遍接受定期锻炼和均衡饮食对于终生保持健康是必不可少的。
背诵
仿写
①人们普遍建议学生应该在学习和休息之间保持平衡以避免过度 疲劳。
students should maintain a balance between study and rest to avoid burnout.
②人们普遍认为参与志愿服务活动能够培养年轻人的社会责任感。
It is widely recommended that
It is universally believed that participating in volunteer activities can develop young people’s sense of social responsibility.
句型公式：Having done sth， sb did sth
点拨 Having done sth为现在分词的完成时，表示该动作发生在谓语动 词之前。
背诵
①Having received the good news， he immediately called his family to share it.
收到这个好消息后，他立刻打电话与家人分享。
②Having practiced for many hours， she played the piano piece perfectly at the concert.
经过数小时的练习，她在音乐会上完美地演奏了那首钢琴曲。
仿写
①向警官解释了整个故事后，凯文把手表交给了他，他的手仍然因为 兴奋和内疚而颤抖。 （2025·1月浙江卷）
， Kevin handed over the watch， his hands still shaking from the excitement and guilt.
②带着疲惫感起床后，我检查了一下邮箱，并未带有任何期望。 （2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）
Having explained the whole story to the officer　
Having got up with tiredness， I checked my mailbox， without any expectations to it.
Ⅰ.多义词汇
赏句猜义，选出加蓝单词的正确意思
1. jam
A. n.果酱　 B. n.拥挤，堵塞 C. vt.把……挤进，把……塞满　 D. vi.挤满
①I like to spread strawberry jam on my toast for breakfast every morning.
A　
②The narrow street jammed with tourists during the busy holiday season.
③He managed to jam all his clothes into one small suitcase for the trip.
④There was a terrible traffic jam on the highway due to the car accident.
D　
C　
B　
A. n.果酱　 B. n.拥挤，堵塞 C. vt.把……挤进，把……塞满　 D. vi.挤满
2. swallow
vi.& vt.吞下；咽下 B. vt.抑制 C. vt.吞没，淹没　D. n.燕子
①We saw a swallow building its nest under the roof of our house.
②She had to swallow her disappointment and congratulate the winner with a smile.
③The huge waves threatened to swallow the small fishing boat in the storm.
④You should chew your food well before you swallow it completely.
D　
B　
C　
A　
3. digest
A. v.消化 B. v.理解　　　C. n.摘要，文摘
①The magazine includes a digest of the most important news stories this week.
②I need some time to read and digest all this complex scientific information.
③ It’s hard to digest a heavy meal right before going to bed at night.
C　
B　
A　
4. bill
A. n.账单　　 B. n.议案　　　C. n.纸币
①Could we have the bill， please？ We would like to pay for dinner now.
②I paid for the coffee with a crisp ten-dollar bill from my wallet.
③The new education bill was passed by the government after long discussions.
A　
C　
B　
5. tip
n.小费　 B. n.尖端，顶端 C. n.提示，忠告　
D. v.倾倒 E.v.给小费
①The waiter carefully tipped the water from the glass into the sink.
②The tip of the mountain was covered with snow all year round.
③Could you give me some tips on how to improve my English speaking skills？
D　
B　
C　
④It’s customary to leave a tip for the waiter in restaurants here.
⑤Don’t forget to tip the taxi driver if the service was excellent today.
A　
E　
n.小费　 B. n.尖端，顶端 C. n.提示，忠告　
D. v.倾倒 E.v.给小费
Ⅱ.构词法
构词法 前缀sub-：表示“在……下面”
写出下列句中蓝体词的词性和词义
1. Russia sent two small submarines to plant a tiny national flag under the North Pole years ago and then the race to secure subsurface rights to the Arctic hotted up.

2. The main title and subtitle for the graph are drawn in the center of the image.
n.潜水艇　
adj.地下的
n.副标题　
3. The mind-body connection is such that if， for example， we want to avoid something， very often our subconscious mind will arrange it.
4. Taking the city’s efficient subway system is often much faster than driving through the heavy downtown traffic.
5. During the high tide， the small island will completely submerge beneath the waves until the water recedes.
adj.下意识的，潜意识的　
n.地铁　
v.淹没；潜入水中　
应用文写作（建议信——健康饮食）
　　根据提示，用本主题词汇和句式完成下面的写作。
　　（2026·南京高三六校联考）假定你是李华，你发现很多同学饮 食习惯不健康。请你给学校餐厅负责人Mr Smith写一封建议信，内容 包括：（1）指出问题；（2）提出建议。
注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）请按如下格式作答。
Yours，
Li Hua
Dear Mr Smith，
　　I’m writing to express my concern about students’ eating habits in our school. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　　 　
　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　
are addicted to junk
food　
　　2. （人们普遍认为；it作形式 主语） poor eating habits 3. （对……有 害） teenagers’ physical and mental development. I suggest the cafeteria offer more nutritious options 4. （以……的形式） fresh salads， whole grain foods， and balanced meals. Additionally， we should help students 5. （养成……的习惯） choosing healthier alternatives through educational campaigns.
It is widely acknowledged that　
are harmful to/do harm to　
in the form of　
form a habit of　
　　I believe we should 6. （立即解 决这个问题）， as healthy eating habits established now will benefit students throughout their lives.
Yours，
Li Hua
address this issue without delay　
学会构思
首段——开篇点题
表明写信目的：对学生饮食习惯表示担忧。
中段——展开论述
分析问题并提出建议：
①问题分析：说明不良饮食习惯的危害；
②具体建议：建议餐厅提供更多营养选择；
③长远规划：通过教育活动帮助学生养成选择健康食品的习惯。
尾段——总结重申
强调立即行动的重要性。
读后续写（师生关系＋困惑与迷茫描写）
（一）语料积累——情感细节描写之困惑与迷茫
单 词 1.confused adj.困惑的　　　　　　　　　　
2.puzzled adj.迷惑的
3.uncertain adj.不确定的　　
4.doubtful adj.怀疑的
5.blank adj.茫然的
词 块 1.at a loss 不知所措
2.scratch one’s head 挠头（表示困惑）
3.at sea 茫然，困惑
4.be in the dark 蒙在鼓里，不知情况　
5.a puzzled/confused look一个困惑的表情
6.a blank expression 茫然的表情
7.feel lost and uncertain 感到迷茫和不确定
佳 句 1.So confused was she by the complex instructions that she stood there scratching her head for several minutes.
她被复杂的说明弄得如此困惑，以至于站在那里挠了好几分钟的头。
2.Staring at the exam paper， he found himself completely at a loss， with his mind going blank.
盯着试卷，他发现自己完全不知所措，脑子一片空白。
3.With a puzzled expression on her face， she wandered through the maze-like streets， feeling utterly lost and uncertain about which direction to take.
她脸上带着困惑的表情，在迷宫般的街道中徘徊，对该走哪个方 向感到完全迷茫和不确定
（二）学以致用——完成续写语段
　　根据提示，用本主题词汇和以上续写语料完成下面的写作。
　　前情介绍：主人公“我”是一名高中生，长期沉迷于垃圾食品， 身体健康状况越来越差。在营养老师Ms Green的耐心指导下，“我” 开始尝试改变饮食习惯。经过几个月的努力，“我”成功养成了健康 饮食的习惯，体重恢复正常，精神状态也大大改善。现在“我”来到 老师办公室表达感谢。
was completely at a loss　
scratching
my head　
a puzzled look　
Having been addicted to
junk food for years　
without hesitation　
She smiled and said 6. （享受……没有 坏处） occasional treats， but the key was balance. I left her office， a place where I once felt bewildered about healthy eating， now confident that I could maintain these positive changes and help other students who might be struggling with similar issues.
there is no harm in enjoying　
学会构思
学生进入老师办公室
↓
学生表达初期困惑与
现在的感激
↓
老师给予平衡饮食的
智慧指导
↓
学生获得信心并
准备帮助他人
（分值：22.5分， 限时：16分钟）
Ⅰ.阅读理解
〔饮食问题——餐厅创意解决食物浪费问题〕
　　（2025·全国二卷）Does your soul die a little every time you throw away unused food？ Mine does.Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa， where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time.
　　Food waste is a growing concern in the restaurant， supermarket， and supply chain industries.From technological solutions to educational campaigns， food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we’re already growing.But last month， one popular New York City restaurant tried a different way：It changed its menu to exclusively （专门） offer food that would otherwise be thrown away.
　　For two weeks in March， Greenwich Village’s Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wastED， and served items like fried skate cartilage， a juice pulp burger， and a dumpster diver’s vegetable salad.Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste.
　　A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1，000 in revenue （收入）， and of that waste only 15.7％ is donated or recycled.Up to 84.3％ is simply thrown out.Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zero-waste systems， but wastED took the concept to its logical conclusion.
　　It should be noted that none of the items on wastED’s menu was technically made from garbage.Instead， all the ingredients （配料） used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving.Things like kale ribs， fish collars， rejected sweet potatoes， and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and， with the help of a number of good chefs， turned into excellent cuisine.
　　Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews， it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment； Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu.Nevertheless， it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability， and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了纽约的一家餐厅 Blue Hill为了提高人们对食物浪费的意识，通过将食材边角料加工成 美味佳肴，生动阐释了节约食物和物尽其用的可持续发展理念，为 解决可持续发展问题提供了参考。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了纽约的一家餐厅
Blue Hill为了提高人们对食物浪费的意识，通过将食材边角料加工成
美味佳肴，生动阐释了节约食物和物尽其用的可持续发展理念，为
解决可持续发展问题提供了参考。
1. What can be inferred about the author’s early life？（　　）
A. He witnessed food shortage.
B. He enjoyed the local cuisine.
C. He donated food to Africans.
D. He helped to cook at home.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，作者在南非长 大，在那里“非洲有孩子在挨饿”这句话与其说是在晚餐时的祷告， 不如说是一种提醒，使人想起令人不安的事实。由此推断，作者小时 候亲眼见证过食物短缺。
√
2. Why did Blue Hill carry out the experiment？（　　）
A. To customize dishes for guests.
B. To make the public aware of food waste.
C. To test a food processing method.
D. To improve the UK’s zero-waste systems.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，Blue Hill进行这项 实验的目的是提高人们关于食物浪费的意识。
√
3. What is paragraph 5 mainly about？（　　）
A. Why the ingredients were used.
B. Which dishes were best liked.
C. What the dishes were made of.
D. Where the ingredients were bought.
解析：　段落大意题。根据第五段第一句可知，wastED菜单上的东 西不是由废料制作的；再结合下文内容可推断，本段主要讲述的是 wastED菜单上的菜肴是由什么制成的。
√
4. What can we learn about wastED？（　　）
A. It has ended as planned.
B. It is creating new jobs.
C. It has regained popularity.
D. It is criticized by top chefs.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，尽管wastED收到 了热情的评论，但这从一开始设计的就是一个短暂的实验，而Blue Hill在实验结束后又回到了它的常规菜单。由此推断，wastED按原定 计划实施完毕。
√
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
〔健康生活——适度饮食〕
　　（2024·全国甲卷）What is moderation （适度）？ Basically， it means eating only as much food as your body needs.You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal， but not too full.5. 　　 But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.
　　Take your time.It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings.6. 　　 It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food， so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.
　　Eat with others whenever possible.Eating alone， especially in front of the TV or computer， often leads to mindless overeating.And be careful about the foods you keep at hand.It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready， like cookies.7.
　　Control emotional （情绪的） eating.8. 　　 Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness， loneliness， or boredom.But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions， you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings.
　　9. 　　 A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism （新陈代 谢）， while eating small， healthy meals keeps your energy up all day.Avoid eating late at night.Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14－16 hours until breakfast the next morning.Studies suggest that eating only when you’re most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.
A. Eat properly throughout the day.
B. We don’t always eat just to satisfy hunger.
C. Don’t swallow a meal on the way to work.
D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E. Instead， surround yourself with healthy choices.
F. For many of us， moderation means eating less than we do now.
G. That won’t lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何做到适度饮食才有 利于健康。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何做到适度饮食才有
利于健康。
5. F　文章开头提出问题“什么是适度？”，空前两句给出了解释， 空后又讲到但是这并不意味着你要跟你喜欢的食物说再见，因此空处 应就适度进一步解释，且与空后内容形成转折。F项（对我们很多人 来说，适度意味着吃得比平时少）符合语境，且F项中的means与上文 的means以及下文的mean相呼应。
6. C　根据本段主旨句可知，本段主要围绕“不着急，慢慢来”展 开。空后讲到你的大脑需要花费几分钟告诉你的身体已经摄入了足够 的食物，因此要慢点吃，在你感觉饱之前就停下来。C项（不要在上 班的路上狼吞虎咽）符合语境。
7. E　空前讲到注意你身边的食物。如果你有不健康的零食随时可食 用，比如饼干，那么适度饮食就更具挑战性了，因此空处也应与适度 饮食的正确做法有关。E项（相反，让自己置身于健康的选择中）承 接上文，符合语境。
8. B　空后讲到我们中有许多人还借助食物应对不愉快的情绪， 比如悲伤、孤独或无聊，尤其根据also可知，空处也应与人们吃东 西的目的有关。B项（我们并不总是为了充饥而吃东西）引出下 文，符合语境。
9. A　空处为段落主旨句。根据段中A healthy breakfast、 Avoid eating late at night.以及Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14－16 hours until breakfast the next morning.可知，本段主要讲的是从早到晚如何合理饮 食。A项（全天合理饮食）概括本段内容，适合作本段的主旨句。
〔词汇积累〕
阅 读 理 解 generate v.产生，造成
donate v.捐赠，捐献
ingredient n.配料，成分
cuisine n.菜肴，烹饪
sustainability n.可持续性
supply chain 供应链
experiment with 尝试，试验
uncomfortable adj.令人不安的（派生词：un-＋comfortable）
阅 读 理 解 reminder n.提醒物，提示（派生词：remind＋-er）
exclusively adv.专门地，仅仅（派生词：exclusive＋-ly）
technically adv.严格说来，从技术上讲（派生词：technical＋-ly）
enthusiastic adj.热情的，热烈的（派生词：enthusiast＋-ic）
zero-waste adj.零浪费的（合成词：zero＋waste）
short-lived adj.短暂的，短期的（合成词：short＋lived）
阅 读 七 选 五 moderation n.适度，节制
nutritious adj.有营养的
regulate v.调节，控制
double v.加倍，翻倍（词性活用）
in between 在……之间
at hand 在手边，在附近
at the ready 准备就绪
阅 读 七 选 五 turn to 求助于，转向
mindless adj.不动脑筋的，无意识的（派生词：mind＋-less）
overeating n.暴饮暴食（派生词：over-＋eating）
emotional adj.情绪的，情感的（派生词：emotion＋-al）
loneliness n.孤独，寂寞（派生词：lonely＋-ness）
regain v.恢复，重新获得（派生词：re-＋gain）
digestive adj.消化的（派生词：digest＋-ive）
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2026·南昌模拟）For thousands of years， people have changed food to please their sense of taste. More than 3，000 years ago Mesoamericans， living in what is Mexico and Central America today， cooked corn kernels （玉米粒） in a solution of wood ash or limestone. The process unlocked nutrients and softened the tough outer shells of the corn， making it easier to chew.
　　With the invention of canned goods in the 19th century， the industrial-scale transformation of food became possible. According to the UN， the average daily food supply available for a person in the rich world increased by over 20％ between 1961 and 2021， to 3，500 kilocalories. In that time， obesity rates have more than tripled； today， nearly one in three people globally is obese or overweight.
　　Now worries are mounting that the heavy processing used to cook up cheap， tasty snacks may itself be harmful. A particular target is “ultra- processed foods” （UPFs）， heavily processed foods like ice-cream or instant noodles. At the heart of the debate is a question： are UPFs unhealthy because their nutritional content is poor，or does the processing somehow pose risks in itself？ At the turn of the 21st century some scientists noticed that people in Brazil were buying less sugar and oil than in the past. Yet rates of obesity were still rising. This unintentionally occurred with the growing popularity of packaged desserts and ready-made meals.
　　By now numerous studies have shown that people who consume diets high in UPFs tend to have more health problems. But a recent analysis by Samuel Dicken and Rachel Batterham at University College London reviewed 37 studies and found that even after adjusting for fat， sugar and salt， UPFs were still strongly linked to poor health. That suggests there is more to their harm than just a poor nutrient profile.
　　Where those harms come from is still unclear， however. With so many influential causes that could also explain poor health — such as income and education — observational studies alone cannot offer conclusive answers. Arne Astrup， a Danish researcher， argues that evidently most of the studies that make statistical adjustments to try to isolate （分离） the effects of processing are “not good enough”.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了如今人们对深度加工的 担忧。众多研究表明摄入超加工食品多的人健康问题更多，但其危 害的来源尚不明确。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了如今人们对深度加工的
担忧。众多研究表明摄入超加工食品多的人健康问题更多，但其危
害的来源尚不明确。
1. Why did Mesoamericans process corn kernels？（　　）
A. To ensure better consumption.
B. To enable easy handling.
C. To discover new solutions.
D. To facilitate safe storage.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，中美洲人加工玉米粒是为 了释放营养成分，软化坚硬的外壳，使其更易于咀嚼，也就是为了确 保更好的食用体验。
√
2. What does the data in paragraph 2 show？（　　）
A. The history of food industry.
B. The benefits of preserved food.
C. The results of food mass production.
D. The development of food processing.
解析：　推理判断题。通读第二段可知，本段通过数据说明食品大 规模生产的结果。
√
3. What can be inferred about ultra-processed foods？（　　）
A. Their popularity is in decline.
B. Their presence changes Brazilians’ diet.
C. Their nutrients can make up for their risks.
D. Their processing methods arouse concerns.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段前两句可知，人们越来越担心过 度加工过程可能有害，超加工食品成为特别关注的对象。
√
4. Why do observational studies fail to determine the effects of UPFs？ （　　）
A. Many factors affect the results.
B. The related statistics are inaccurate.
C. The studies lack enough evidence.
D. The causes of harm remain unknown.
解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，有许多其他因 素，如收入和教育等，也会影响健康状况，所以仅靠观察性研究无法 确定超加工食品的影响。
√
B
　　（2026·合肥质检）Precision agriculture is one of the most significant trends in modern farming.One particularly promising application involves the use of real-time imaging to visualize how tiny drops of liquid are forming on plant surfaces.Unlike conventional agriculture where farmers often rely on general estimates and uniform application of pesticides （杀虫剂） across the entire field， this technology helps farmers maximize productivity while minimizing inputs.
　　This development originated from the work of Vishnu Jayaprakash， who had some family exposure to the process of spraying （喷洒） crops and recognized that the main challenge in that process is how to make water-based sprays interact effectively with surfaces of plants.Several factors influence this process， including the pressure， flow and nozzle （喷嘴） design of the application device， and the temperature， sunlight intensity， wind and other conditions at the time of spraying.
　　To effectively address this issue， Jayaprakash developed a two- camera system that can be connected to typical spraying equipment and use imaging of the sprayed solution on the target plants to determine necessary adjustments for the best degree of coverage with appropriately sized tiny drops.The system can be used to make on-the-go adjustments in order to get the spray coverage “just right”.This allows farmers to use only 20％ －30％ of the product per acre （英亩） while maintaining key functions like pest control， fertilization， and growth regulation.
　　The advancement in precision agriculture is helping farmers reduce costs while maintaining crop protection.Susan Scheufele， an extension researcher at the University of Massachusetts， has conducted field trials with this technology on vegetable crops.In trials for cotton leaf removal， it has shown positive results even when used at 50％ of the minimum recommended application rate on the product label.
　　The primary benefit of precision agriculture methods lies beyond cost savings.Despite the fact that this technology still has a long way to go， its adoption ensures that chemical remains in crops are well below harmful levels ， safeguarding ecosystems and food safety.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了精准农业中利用实 时成像技术来提高喷洒效率、降低成本以及对生态系统和食品安全 的积极影响。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了精准农业中利用实
时成像技术来提高喷洒效率、降低成本以及对生态系统和食品安全
的积极影响。
5. What can be learned about precision agriculture in paragraph 1？ （　　）
A. It visualizes plants more clearly.
B. It uses pesticides more accurately.
C. It continuously monitors plant growth.
D. It estimates the need of the entire field.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，精准农业利用实时 成像技术，来直观呈现微小的液滴是如何在植物表面形成的。由此可 推知，精准农业能够更精准地使用杀虫剂。
√
6. How does Jayaprakash’s two-camera system work？（　　）
A. By guiding spraying equipment to target plant surfaces.
B. By calculating the precise amount of pesticide required.
C. By making real-time adjustments to enhance spray coverage.
D. By using imaging to closely monitor plant growth and health.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，Jayaprakash 开发的双摄像 头系统可以连接到典型的喷洒设备上，利用目标植物上喷洒溶液的成 像来确定必要的调整，以获得最佳的覆盖程度。
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7. Why does the author mention Susan Scheufele’s field trials？ （　　）
A. To analyze the responses of different crops.
B. To compare the application rates across crops.
C. To illustrate the effectiveness of the technology.
D. To highlight the limitations of traditional farming.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，棉花去叶试验是在说明精 准农业能帮助农民降低成本并保护作物，即这项技术的有效性。
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8. What is the author’s attitude toward precision agriculture？ （　　）
A. Intolerant. B. Doubtful.
C. Unclear. D. Approving.
解析：　观点态度题。根据最后一段作者认为它能确保作物中的化 学残留远低于有害水平，保护生态系统和食品安全，可推知作者对精 准农业持赞成的态度。
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C
　　（2026·陕西适应性检测）Artificial food dye is an additive color used in a product. “The dye is artificial if it originates from a nonfood source，” explains Jamie Alan， PhD， an associate professor of pharmacology and toxicology at Michigan State University. “For example， red dye No.40 is made from petroleum products.”“By comparison， natural food dyes are those that are extracted from plants or animal tissues，”says Francisco Diez-Gonzalez， PhD， professor and director of the Center for Food Safety at the University of Georgia.
　　A growing body of research has linked artificial food dyes， especially Red No.40， to many health issues. “There is data in animals that some of these dyes may cause cancer，”Alan says. “While there is certainly the potential to cause cancer， there haven’t been any human studies with definitive data to support this.” But studies on humans do show that some dyes can increase certain behaviors — especially in kids — like hyperactivity. “Some children are more sensitive than other children， and sometimes even a small dose can cause these effects，”Alan says.
　　A 2021 report analyzed data from studies on both animals and humans who were exposed to food dyes. The report included “challenge studies”，for which children were given dyes and observed to see how they reacted afterward. In 16 of the 25 studies of the report， there was a link between children taking the dyes and having hyperactivity and other neurobehavioral （神经行为的） problems afterward.
　　A 2022 mouse study found that Red No.40 and Red No.17 could cause inflammatory bowel diseases， while a 2023 study on mice linked Red No.40 to DNA damage and colonic inflammation. Some people may also experience “allergy-like （像过敏一样） signs” from having these dyes， Diez-Gonzalez says.
　　But Diez-Gonzalez notes that it’s important for people to be aware that more research is needed. “The cancer concerns mostly originate from animal studies that often use very large experimental doses，” he says. “For several of those dyes， the evidence of a harmful effect has not been conclusive.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人造食用色素的来源， 阐述了越来越多的研究将其与健康问题联系起来，如可能导致癌 症、儿童多动症及其他神经行为问题，同时也指出对其危害的研究 还需进一步深入。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人造食用色素的来源，
阐述了越来越多的研究将其与健康问题联系起来，如可能导致癌
症、儿童多动症及其他神经行为问题，同时也指出对其危害的研究
还需进一步深入。
9. What can be inferred from the first three paragraphs？（　　）
A. Some artificial food dyes cause cancer in humans.
B. Dyes from plants and animals are more popular.
C. Artificial food dyes can be obtained more easily.
D. Possibly Red No.40 can result in health problems.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段和第三段可知，越来越多的研究 表明，人造食用色素，尤其是红色40号，与诸多健康问题有关。由此 可推知，红色40号可能会导致健康问题。
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10. Why is “challenge” used in paragraph 3？（　　）
A. Scientists couldn’t find enough evidence.
B. Carrying out experiments took too much time and money.
C. Experiments on humans were more complex than on animals.
D. Scientists were not willing to do such experiments on children.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段的challenge studies所在句可知， challenge studies是指给儿童食用色素并观察他们的反应，用challenge 可体现科学家对在儿童身上做这样实验的不情愿。
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11. What do Diez-Gonzalez’s words in the last paragraph suggest？ （　　）
A. Mice are allergic to artificial food dyes.
B. Studies about artificial food dyes on humans are not adequate.
C. Red artificial food dyes are the key factor leading to mouse cancer.
D. Only by being taken in large doses can artificial food dyes do harm to humans.
√
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段Diez-Gonzalez说的话可知，关 于人造食用色素危害的研究大多是基于动物实验且剂量过大，对一些 色素有害影响的证据还不确定，即关于人造食用色素对人类影响的研 究不充分。
12. What does the text mainly talk about？（　　）
A. Various opinions about artificial food dyes.
B. Experiments on mice about artificial food dyes.
C. The research about the safety of artificial food dyes.
D. The connection between cancer and Red No.40.
解析：　主旨大意题。通读全文可知 ，本文介绍了人造食用色素的 来源，阐述了越来越多的研究将其与健康问题联系起来，同时也指出 对其危害的研究还需进一步深入。
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Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　（2026·武汉调研）I’ve always disliked getting up in winter. As a child， I would drag myself out of bed， my eyes half-closed， and watch my school uniform warming on the radiator. 13. 　　 It’s too dark， and I am always half-asleep.
　　14. 　　 Most of them are fun， but few really change my life in the long run. Sunrise alarm clocks， however， are different. They’ve become a fundamental part of my morning routine. My top picks， the Lumie Bodyclock Spark 100 and Philips SmartSleep， have greatly benefited me. I’m waking up every day feeling more energetic and mentally sharper.
　　Essentially， sunrise alarm clocks are a combination of the alarm clock and the light treatment device that shines with increasing brightness as your wake-up time approaches. The light interacts with our natural sleep-wake cycle， much as the sun does when it rises.15.
　　Sunrise alarm clocks also promote healthier sleep habits. In our tech- driven world， waking up often means immediately checking our phones. An important strength of sunrise alarm clocks is that your morning wake- up no longer involves your phone. Stopping a smartphone alarm means your day begins with eyes on-screen.16. 　　 But with these clocks， you can start the day with a clearer mind and more concentration.
　　Sleep is personal， and no single device fits everyone. But for me， sunrise alarm clocks have been a game-changer. They’re affordable， with quality models available for under ￡30. 17. 　　 After all， some morning people are made， not born.
A. They prove to fall into this unique category.
B. Interested in tech， I often test fascinating devices.
C. Therefore， we wake up biologically prepared for the day.
D. The path to endless screen time is just a fingerprint away.
E. These days， I set multiple alarms to ensure I’m woken up.
F. If you are struggling with dark mornings， it’s worth a shot.
G. All of the sunrise alarm clocks I’ve tested have their strengths.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍自己与早起斗争的经 历，引出了日出闹钟这类产品，介绍了其优点并推荐大家去购买。
13. E　根据空前一句和空后可知，空处应该讲到的是作者现在冬日 起床的表现，故E项承上启下，符合语境。
14. B　根据空后文可知，空处讲到的应该是作者尝试了很多闹钟，B 项符合语境。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍自己与早起斗争的经
历，引出了日出闹钟这类产品，介绍了其优点并推荐大家去购买。
15. C　空前讲到光线与我们自然的睡眠——清醒周期相互作用，就 如同太阳升起时所起的作用一样。空处讲的应该是由此给人们带来的 积极影响，C项符合语境。
16. D　结合语境和选项可知，D项强调了使用手机闹钟可能导致的后 果，即容易陷入长时间看屏幕的状态，与下文形成对比。
17. F　根据空前可知，讲到了日出闹钟给作者带来的好处和售价， 空处应该会推荐该产品，故F项符合语境。

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