资源简介

(共141张PPT)
主题概述
　本主题聚焦全球珍贵的自然环境、生物多样性、世界自然遗产地以及生态保护的重要意义，旨在引导学生深入了解自然环境的独特价值和脆弱性，认识人类与自然和谐共处的重要性以及保护自然遗产的紧迫性，培养其生态保护意识和环境责任感，促进学生树立绿色发展理念和生态文明观念
子话题1　自然景观与生态系统
1. environment n.环境；自然环境
environmental adj.环境的
2. distribute v.分布；分配
distribution n.分布；分配
3. nature n.自然
natural adj.自然的；天然的
4. landscape n.风景，景色；地形，地貌
5. coast n.海岸；沿海地区
coastal adj.沿海的
主题单词
6. bay n.海或湖的湾
7. beach n.海滩；海滨
8. atmosphere n.大气，大气层；气氛
9. desert n.沙漠； v.抛弃
10. endangered adj.濒危的
11. extinct adj.灭绝的；绝种的
extinction n.灭绝；消失
12. mountain n.山；山脉
mount v.登上，爬上；安装；上升 n.山峰；山丘
13. valley n.（山）谷；流域
14. wild adj.野生的，未驯化的；荒凉的；疯狂的 n.自然环境；荒野
15. arise v.出现，产生；（由……）引起；起床；起身
16. sail v.航行，起航；驾驶（帆船） n.帆；乘船航行
子话题2　环境问题
1. victim n.受害者；牺牲品
2. severe adj.严重的；严厉的，严格的
3. consume v.消耗；消费
consumer n.消费者
consumption n.消耗；消费
4. expose v.暴露；显露；使接触；揭露，曝光（胶片、照片）；陈列exposure n.暴露；接触；曝光（摄影/媒体领域）；曝光量；揭露；陈列
5. waste n.浪费；废料；垃圾 v.浪费
6. disaster n.灾难；灾祸
disastrous adj.灾难性的
7. emit v.排放；散发
emission n.（光、热、气等的）排放；排放物
8. garbage n.垃圾；废物
9. rubbish n.垃圾
10. delicate adj.脆弱的；虚弱的；纤弱的；纤细的；易碎的
子话题3　环境保护与可持续发展
1. last v.持续；持久；延续；继续 adv.最后；最近；最终；最新
2. protect v.保护；防护
protection n.保护
protective adj.保护的
3. green adj.绿色的；环保的
4. policy n.政策；方针
5. reuse v.&n.再次使用；重复利用
6. eliminate v.清除；排除；淘汰
子话题4　自然资源与能源
1. coal n.煤
2. iron n.铁；熨斗
3. diamond n.钻石
4. freshwater n.淡水
5. metal n.金属
6. natural gas天然气
7. oil n.石油；油
8. petrol n.汽油
9. resource n.资源
10. soil n.土壤
11. solar adj.太阳的；太阳能的
12. solar energy 太阳能
13. fuel n.燃料，刺激物； v.刺激；加剧；加燃料
14. fossil fuel 化石燃料
15. gas n.气体；天然气
16. mine n.矿；矿山； v.开采
mineral n.矿物；矿物质
17. land n.土地；陆地； 国度；国土 v.（使）降落，着陆； 成功得 到，赢得（尤指难以获得的东西）；捕到，钓到（鱼）
18. wetland n.湿地
19. forest n.森林
20. grassland n.草原
21. farmland n.农田
22. wind energy 风能
23. fertile adj.肥沃的
24. precious adj.珍贵的
25. renewable adj.可再生的；可更新的
non-renewable adj.不可再生的
26. available adj.可用的；可获得的；有空的
27. raw material 原材料
28. energy n.能源；能量；精力
29. supply n.&v.供应；供给
30. steel n.钢，钢铁； v.使坚强；使坚定
31. leather n.皮；皮革；皮革制品
主题短语
1. be unique to ...独有的，独特的
2. prohibit sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事
3. in reward for 作为……的回报
4. give priority to 优先考虑
5. be consistent with 与……相符/一致
6. due to 因为，由于
7. wear down （使）磨损，（使）逐渐磨平
11. build up 逐渐增加，扩大
12. make one’s way to 前往
8. in favour of 支持，赞同
9. take shape 成形，有了模样
10. in turn 相应地；转而
主题语块
13. preserve wildlife 保护野生动物
14. reduce pollution 减少污染
15. plant trees 植树
16. save energy 节约能源
17. recycle waste 回收废弃物
18. fight climate change 应对气候变化
23. prevent deforestation 防止森林砍伐
24. in harmony with nature 与自然和谐相处
19. clean up rivers 清理河流
20. restore ecosystems 恢复生态系统
21. ban hunting 禁止狩猎
22. establish nature reserves 建立自然保护区
主题佳句
高考必背写作佳句
1. 句型公式：“leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构
On hearing the bad news，he hurried home， leaving the book lying open on the table.
一听到这个坏消息他就匆忙回家了，那本书还打开着放在桌子上。
2. 句型公式：the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...
As far as I’m concerned， the more you take part in after-class activities， the sooner you will adapt to the new environment. （建议信）
在我看来，你参加的课外活动越多，你就能越快适应新环境。
基础知识巩固集训（一）　默写训练
Ⅰ.单词默写
1. n.风景，景色；地形，地貌
2. n.沙漠 v.抛弃
3. n.大气，大气层；气氛
4. v.出现，产生；（由……）引起；起床；起身
5. adj.严重的；严厉的，严格的
6. v.&n.再次使用；重复利用
7. n.金属
8. adj.太阳的；太阳能的
landscape　
desert　
atmosphere　
arise　
severe　
reuse　
metal　
solar　
9. n.燃料，刺激物 v.刺激；加剧；加燃料
10. n.受害者；牺牲品
11. n.垃圾；废物
12. adj.脆弱的；虚弱的；纤弱的；纤细的；易碎的
13. n.钻石
14. n.资源
15. adj.肥沃的
16. n.皮；皮革；皮革制品
17. n.政策
18. v.清除；排除；淘汰
fuel　
victim　
garbage　
delicate　
diamond　
resource　
fertile　
leather　
policy　
eliminate　
Ⅱ.派生单词默写
1. coast n.海岸；沿海地区
adj.沿海的
2. mountain n.山；山脉
v.登上，爬上；安装；上升 n.山峰；山丘
3. consume v.消耗；消费
n.消费者
n.消耗；消费
coastal　
mount　
consumer　
consumption　
4. expose v.暴露；显露；使接触；揭露，曝光（胶片、照片）；陈列
n.暴露；接触；曝光（摄影/媒体领域）；曝光量；揭 露；陈列
5. emit v.排放；散发
n.（光、热、气等的）排放；排放物
6. protect v.保护；防护
n.保护
adj.保护的
exposure　
emission　
protection　
protective　
Ⅲ.短语/语块默写
1. 　与……相符/一致
2. 　（使）磨损，（使）逐渐磨平
3. 　支持，赞同
4. 　成形，有了模样
5. 　相应地；转而
6. 　逐渐增加，扩大
7. 　前往
8. 　保护野生动物
9. 　减少污染
10. 　与自然和谐相处
be consistent with　
wear down　
in favour of　
take shape　
in turn　
build up　
make one’s way to　
preserve wildlife　
reduce pollution　
in harmony with nature　
leaving the book lying
open on the table　
the more you take part in after-class
activities　
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. The giant panda is an （濒危的） species that conservationists are working hard to protect.
2. The government has introduced a new （方针） to encourage economic growth.
3. Time is the most （珍贵的） thing a person can spend， so use it wisely.
4. I’m sorry， but the manager is not （有空的） to speak with you at the moment.
endangered　
policy　
precious　
available　
基础知识巩固集训（二）　语境运用
　　
5. The development of clean （能源） requires international cooperation and innovative technological solutions.
6. The organization’s main goal is to （供应） clean water to remote villages.
energy　
supply　
Ⅱ.用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. We should all participate in （environment） protection activities.
2. The fair （distribute） of resources is a major challenge for the government.
3. This product is made from （nature） ingredients， with no artificial additives.
4. Many animal species are now on the edge of （extinct）.
5. The oil spill had （disaster） consequences for the local wildlife.
environmental　
distribution　
natural　
extinction　
disastrous　
Ⅲ.完成句子
1. This distinctive architectural style ancient China.
这种独特的建筑风格是中国古代所特有的。
2. The school rules their mobile phones in the classroom.
学校规定禁止学生在教室里使用手机。
3. He received a medal .
他因其勇敢的行为而获得了一枚奖章。
is unique to　
prohibit students from using　
in reward for his brave actions　
give priority to the safety of the
passengers　
to work together to fight climate
change　
distribute v.分布；分配→distribution n.分布；分配
练通 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The （distribute） of endangered animals has changed significantly due to climate change.
②Food resources all the animals in this national park.
食物资源应该公平地分配给国家公园里的所有动物。
distribution　
should be distributed fairly among　
had
distributed its treasures so perfectly across the landscape　
用法
distribute ...to/among ... 把……分配给/在……中
be distributed over/across 　　分布在……
佳句 The government’s new policy ensures fair distribution of conservation funds to all national parks.
政府的新政策确保保护资金公平分配给所有国家公园。
积累
wildlife distribution 野生动物分布
distribution network 分销网络
geographical distribution 地理分布
extinct adj.灭绝的；绝种的→extinction n.灭绝；消失
练通 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Scientists warn that many species are the edge of extinction due to habitat loss.
保护工作旨在防止更多的动物走向灭绝。
on　
to prevent more animals from becoming
extinct　
lead to
the extinction of countless species　
用法
become extinct 　　　灭绝
on the edge of extinction 　　濒临灭绝
face extinction 　　面临灭绝
佳句 Urgent action is needed to save the giant panda from extinction.
需要紧急行动来拯救大熊猫免于灭绝。
积累
extinct species 已灭绝的物种
mass extinction 大灭绝
prevent extinction 阻止灭绝
species extinction 物种灭绝
victim n.受害者；牺牲品
练通 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Many marine animals fall victim plastic pollution in the oceans.
②Polar bears as their habitat melts away.
随着北极熊的栖息地逐渐融化，它们已经成为气候变化的受害者。
to　
have become victims of climate change　
we were all victims
of　
用法
fall victim to 　　成为……的受害者
become a victim of 　　成为……的牺牲品
victim of circumstances 　　环境的受害者
佳句 Wildlife has become the victim of rapid urbanization and deforestation.
野生动物已成为快速城市化和森林砍伐的受害者。
积累
innocent victim 无辜的受害者
environmental victim 环境受害者
expose v.暴露；显露；使接触；揭露，曝光（胶片、照片）；陈列 →exposure n.暴露；接触；曝光（摄影/媒体领域）；曝光量；揭 露；陈列
练通 单句语法填空
①Long-term （expose） to pollution can seriously damage marine life.
②Scientists study how different species react when （expose） to environmental changes.
exposure　
exposed　
expose students to various interesting school
activities and events　
用法
expose ...to ...　使……暴露于……
be exposed to 　　暴露于；接触到
expose the truth 　　揭露真相
佳句 Having been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age，I can communicate freely with others in English.（申请信）
我从小就接触外教，因此，我能够用英语和其他人自由交流。
积累
environmental exposure 环境暴露
expose wildlife to danger 使野生动物面临危险
expose problems 暴露问题
protect v.保护；防护→protection n.保护→protective adj.保护的 →protected adj.受保护的
练通 单句语法填空
①National parks serve as （protect） areas for endangered wildlife species.
②The government has implemented new laws for the （protect） of marine ecosystems.
③We must take action to protect our environment further damage.
protected　
protection　
from/against　
to protect the wild
animals from any harm　
用法
protect ...from/against ...　保护……免受……
under protection 　　受保护
protected area　　保护区
佳句 Protecting biodiversity is essential for maintaining ecological balance. （环境保护）
保护生物多样性对维持生态平衡至关重要。
积累
protective measures 保护措施
nature protection 自然保护
wildlife protection 野生动物保护
supply n.&v.供应；供给
练通 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The river （supply） fresh water to millions of people and countless animals.
②We must to reduce our environmental footprint.
我们必须确保清洁能源的可持续供应，以减少我们的环境足迹。
supplies　
ensure a sustainable supply of clean energy　
aims to maintain a steady supply of clean
water　
用法
supply ...with/to ...　向……提供……
short supply 　　供应不足
supply and demand 　　供求关系
佳句 Wetlands supply essential services like water purification and flood control. （环境保护）
湿地提供水质净化和洪水控制等重要服务。
积累
water/food supply 水/食物供应
sustainable supply 可持续供应
natural resource supply 自然资源供应
steady supply 稳定供应
be unique to ... 独有的，独特的
练通 完成句子
①The giant panda and has become a symbol of wildlife conservation.
大熊猫是中国独有的，已成为野生动物保护的象征。
②Early diagnosis the effective treatment of the disease.
早期诊断对于这种疾病的有效治疗至关重要。
is unique to China　
is crucial to　
写美 微写作
③Regular exercise .
定期锻炼对身心健康都有益。
is beneficial to both physical and mental health　
用法
be native to 　　原产于……
be beneficial to 　　对……有益
be harmful to 　　对……有害
be essential to 　　对……必要的
be crucial to 　　对……至关重要
佳句 Plastic waste in the oceans is extremely harmful to marine life.海洋中的塑料废弃物对海洋生物极其有害。
积累
unique ecosystem 独特的生态系统
unique species 独有物种
unique characteristics 独特的特征
写作靓词——读后续写小妙招
slip vi.滑倒；滑落；溜走 vt.迅速放置；悄悄塞；偷偷放 vt. & vi. （迅速且容易地）穿上，脱下
佳句背诵
①They slipped back down the staircase， their hearts as light as their hands.
他们悄悄走下楼梯，他们的心情和手一样轻快。
②I grabbed the woman’s hand and slipped her the money.我抓住女人 的手，把钱塞给她。
③Harry slipped on the stairs and twisted his ankle.哈利在楼梯上滑倒， 扭伤了脚踝。
靓句写作 他悄悄从床上溜下来，把外套裹在身上。
He and wrapped the overcoat around himself.
slipped out of bed　
敲黑板
①slip out of the hand 从手中滑落
②slip into the room 悄悄溜进房间
③slip out of the meeting 偷偷离开会议
④slip into bed 轻手轻脚上床
写作佳句——应用文写作与读后续写佳句仿写
句型公式：“leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构
点拨 “leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语”为leave复合结构，此时leave作使 役动词，表示“使/让……保持某种状态”，其具体构成如下：
（1）leave＋宾语＋形容词/副词/介词短语/名词
（2）leave＋宾语＋现在分词（宾语与宾语补足语之间是主谓关系）
（3）leave＋宾语＋过去分词（宾语与宾语补足语之间是动宾关系）
（4）leave＋宾语＋动词不定式（表示将来的动作）
背诵 If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent”from a sheet or shirt left to sun for a day， well， you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders. （2025·全国二卷）
如果你从未体验过床单或衬衫在阳光下晾晒一天后散发出的“阳光气 息”，那么你可真是错过了人生中的一大奇妙感受。
left the entire audience completely fascinated and
thrilled　
left me standing there　
句型公式：the＋比较级 ...， the＋比较级 ...
点拨 （1）“the＋比较级 ...， the＋比较级 ...”意为“越……，就 越……”，表示一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。
（2）从结构上看，第一个“the＋比较级 ...”是表示条件的状语从 句；在表示将来意义的情况时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。第二个 “the＋比较级 ...”是主句，用一般将来时。
背诵 The more time I spent participating in this picking activity，the more I was aware of the significance of work. （活动介绍）
我参加采摘活动的时间越长，我就越意识到工作的重要性。
The harder you practice now　
the healthier both your body and
your mind will become　
Ⅰ.多义词汇
赏句猜义，选出加蓝单词的正确意思
A. v.出现，产生　 B. v.（由……）引起 C. v.起床；起身
1. arise
①Many great opportunities arise from unexpected challenges.
②A new problem has arisen that we need to solve immediately.
③He arose at dawn to begin his long journey.
B　
A　
C　
2. last
A. v.持续；持久；延续　　 B. adv.最后
C. adv.最近；上一次　 D. adv.最新
①When I last saw him， he was feeling much better.
②The meeting lasted for over three hours.
③She was the last person to leave the office every night.
④This is the last model we released， featuring major upgrades.

C　
A　
B　
D　
3. land
A. n.土地；陆地　　　　 B. n.国度；国土
C. v.（使）降落，着陆　 D. v.捕到，钓到（鱼）
E. v.成功得到，赢得（尤指难以获得的东西）
①She finally landed her dream job at the publishing house.
②He landed a huge fish after a long struggle.
③The pilot managed to land the plane safely in the field.
④After weeks at sea， the sailors were happy to see land.
⑤He returned to his native land after many years abroad.
E　
D　
C　
A　
B　
Ⅱ.构词法
构词法 词根bio，bi＝life生命，生物
写出下列句中蓝体词的词性和词义
1. （2025·1月浙江卷）Compared to traditional garden plots， they increase carbon absorption， reduce stormwater runoff and boost habitat and biodiversity significantly.
2. Doctors prescribe antibiotics to help patients fight bacterial infections and recover quickly.
n.生物多样性　
n.抗生素　
3. Many companies now use biodegradable packaging to protect our environment from pollution.
4. The university offers advanced courses in biochemistry for pre-medical students interested.
5. The Earth’s biosphere includes all living things from tiny bacteria to whales.
adj.可生物降解的　
n.生物化学　
n.生物圈　
应用文写作（电子邮件——野生动物保护）
　　根据提示，用本主题词汇和句式完成下面的写作。
　　假定你是李华，上周五你参加了学校组织的野生动物保护活动。 请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：（1）具 体活动内容；（2）你的感想和收获。
注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）请按如下格式作答。
　　I’m writing to share with you a wildlife protection activity I participated in last Friday， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours，
Li Hua
Dear Chris，
　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　　 　
　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　
which made a great difference to my
understanding of protection　
　　Our team 2. （包括研究濒危物种）.I completed a report on South China tigers， whose population decline showed how they 3.
　　　 　　 　　　　　
consisted of researching endangered species　
fall victim to habitat loss　
become
extinct soon　
the more urgent it becomes to
protect them from further harm　
　　I’m eager to show you our conservation plan when we meet！
Yours，
Li Hua
学会构思
首段——开篇点题
分享保护活动经历及其意义。
中段——展开论述
①活动内容和成果；
②个人感受和发现；
③深刻认识。
尾段——总结重申
表达期待分享。
读后续写（学校生活＋人物的外貌描写）
（一）语料积累——人物的外貌描写
单 词 1.beautiful adj.美丽的　
2.handsome adj.英俊的　
3.ugly adj.丑陋的　
4.pale adj.苍白的
语 块 1.one’s long black hair 某人长长的黑发　
2.big blue eyes 大大的蓝色眼睛　　
3.a small round face 小小的圆脸　　
4.white clean teeth 洁白整齐的牙齿
5.deep dark eyes 深邃的黑眼睛
6.strong arms 强壮有力的手臂
7.a slim but strong body 瘦削但强壮的身体　　
8.a thick moustache and long white hair 胡须浓密，头发又长又白
佳 句 1.Although the chef was somewhat fat， his cooking always received endless praise from customers.
尽管这位厨师身材有些胖，但他做的菜总是让顾客赞不绝口。
2.The new English teacher was not only beautiful but also highly knowledgeable in her field.
新来的英语老师不仅美丽动人，而且知识渊博。
3.The handsome firefighter bravely rushed into the burning building to rescue the trapped residents.
那位英俊的消防员勇敢地冲进燃烧的建筑内，去营救被困的居民。
（二）学以致用——完成续写语段
　　根据提示，用本主题词汇和以上续写语料完成下面的写作。
　　前情介绍：Amy在参加学校环境保护清洁活动时感到力不从心， 看着满地的垃圾感到沮丧和无助，正准备放弃时遇到了一位志愿者。
whose big blue eyes sparkled
with determination and kindness　
hanging her head in frustration　
revealing white clean teeth　
4. （他深邃的蓝色眼睛） showed genuine concern as he rolled up his sleeves， displaying 5. （强 壮有力的手臂）.Despite 6. （瘦削而强壮的身体）， he worked tirelessly beside Amy.Had the volunteer not shown such dedication， 7.
（Amy就会放弃清洁项目；虚拟语气）.His encouragement and actions inspired Amy to realize that environmental protection required persistence， and she began to feel more motivated about continuing the important work.
His deep blue eyes　
strong arms　
having a slim but strong body　
Amy would have abandoned the cleaning
project　
　　　 　　 　　　　　　　　 　
学会构思
志愿者走向沮丧的Amy
↓
Amy感到无助想放弃
↓
志愿者温和鼓励
并身体力行
↓
Amy逐渐受到鼓舞
↓
Amy意识到环保工作需要持久的努力
（分值：17.5分， 限时：15分钟）
阅读理解
A
〔自然保护——美国黄石国家公园护林员项目介绍〕
　　（2023·新课标Ⅱ卷）Yellowstone National Park offers a variety of ranger programs throughout the park， and throughout the year.The following are descriptions of the ranger programs this summer.
　　Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone （May 26 to September 2）
　　Whether you’re hiking a backcountry trail （小径），camping， or just enjoying the park’s amazing wildlife from the road， this quick workshop is for you and your family. Learn where to look for animals and how to safely enjoy your wildlife watching experience. Meet at the Canyon Village Store.
　　Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics （June 5 to August 21）
　　Kids can test their skills and compare their abilities to the animals of Yellowstone. Stay for as little or as long as your plans allow.Meet in front of the Visitor Education Center.
　　Canyon Talks at Artist Point （June 9 to September 2）
　　From a classic viewpoint， enjoy Lower Falls， the Yellowstone River， and the breathtaking colors of the canyon （峡谷） while learning about the area’s natural and human history. Discover why artists and photographers continue to be drawn to this special place. Meet on the lower platform at Artist Point on the South Rim Drive for this short talk.
　　Photography Workshops （June 19 & July 10）
　　Enhance your photography skills — join Yellowstone’s park photographer for a hands-on program to inspire new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone.
　　6/19 — Waterfalls & Wide Angles： meet at Artist Point.
　　7/10 — Wildflowers & White Balance： meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了美国黄石国家公园 在今年夏天提供的四个护林员体验项目。
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了美国黄石国家公园
在今年夏天提供的四个护林员体验项目。
1. Which of the four programs begins the earliest？（　　）
A. Photography Workshops.
B. Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics.
C. Canyon Talks at Artist Point.
D. Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone.
解析：　细节理解题。对比四个项目的时间信息可知，Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone开始的时间最早（May 26），其他三个项目都 从六月份开始。
√
2. What is the short talk at Artist Point about？（　　）
A. Works of famous artists.
B. Protection of wild animals.
C. Basic photography skills.
D. History of the canyon area.
解析：　细节理解题。根据Canyon Talks at Artist Point部分中的 while learning about the area’s natural and human history及for this short talk可知，这个小型报告是关于峡谷地区的历史的。
√
3. Where will the participants meet for the July 10 photography workshop？（　　）
A. Artist Point.
B. Washburn Trailhead.
C. Canyon Village Store.
D. Visitor Education Center.
解析：　细节理解题。根据Photography Workshops部分中的 7/10 ...meet at Washburn Trailhead可知，7月10日参加者要在Washburn Trailhead集合。
√
B
〔环境保护与人类关系——人类与大自然互动〕
　　（2023·新课标Ⅱ卷）As cities balloon with growth， access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you’re lucky， there might be a pocket park near where you live， but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.
　　Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans， but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being.
　　The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-goers， asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions， coding （编码） experiences into different categories. For example， one participant’s experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves.”
　　Across the 320 submissions， a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions， half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife， walking along the edge of water， and following an established trail.
　　Naming each nature experience creates a usable language， which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example， the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday， they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.
　　“We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human- nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen， we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it，” said Peter Kahn， a senior author of the study.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于城市公园的研 究，说明了与大自然交流对人类健康的重要性，同时也指出要保护 大自然。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于城市公园的研
究，说明了与大自然交流对人类健康的重要性，同时也指出要保护
大自然。
4. What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text？（　　）
A. Pocket parks are now popular.
B. Wild nature is hard to find in cities.
C. Many cities are overpopulated.
D. People enjoy living close to nature.
√
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段中的access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find以及it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild可知，在城 市里很难找到野生自然。
5. Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories？ （　　）
A. To compare different types of park-goers.
B. To explain why the park attracts tourists.
C. To analyze the main features of the park.
D. To find patterns in the visitors’ summaries.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第四段第一句可知，研究人员之所以进 行编码分类是为了从公园游客提交的总结材料中找到他们与自然交流 行为的类别模式。
√
6. What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5？（　　）
A. Walking is the best way to gain access to nature.
B. Young people are too busy to interact with nature.
C. The same nature experience takes different forms.
D. The nature language enhances work performance.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第五段所举的例子可知，年轻的职业人 士周末可以在公园徒步旅行，工作日可以沿着喷泉散步，用不同的形 式去体验自然，即同样的自然体验会呈现不同的形式。
√
7. What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn？（　　）
A. Language study.
B. Environmental conservation.
C. Public education.
D. Intercultural communication.
解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段Kahn的话可知，我们在与大自 然交流之前应该保护自然。
√
〔词汇积累〕
阅 读 理 解 　　A
ranger n.护林员
description n.描述
backcountry n.偏远地区（合成词：back＋country）
workshop n.工作坊（合成词：work＋shop）
canyon n.峡谷
viewpoint n.观察位置；观点，视角（合成词：view＋point）
photographer n.摄影师（派生词：photograph＋-er）
enhance v.提高，增强
hands-on adj.实践的，亲身体验的（合成词：hands＋on）
a variety of 各种各样的
throughout the year 全年
be drawn to 被……吸引　
阅 读 理 解 　　B
balloon n.气球→v.膨胀（文章义）
urban adj.城市的
relatively adv.相对地（派生词：relative＋-ly）
wellness n.健康（派生词：well＋-ness）
submission n.提交的文件
meaningful adj.有意义的（派生词：meaning＋-ful）
encounter v.遇到，邂逅
established adj.已确立的（派生词：establish＋-ed）
domestic adj.国内的→adj.日常的（文章义）
fountain n.喷泉
generate v.产生，引起
conservation n.保护，保存[派生词：conserve（去e）＋-ation]
interact with 与……互动
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2026·青岛适应性检测）Bacteria （细菌） know how to rough it all over the earth. Ask most of them where they’d truly prefer to settle though， and a kitchen sponge （海绵） would probably top the list. Yes， it turns out that the very tool we use to clean our plates， which is warm， damp， and full of nutritious food pieces， is packed with tiny life.
　　Lingchong You， a biologist at Duke University， along with his team， used computers to model the complex environment of a sponge for a 2022 study. He found that sponges featuring pockets of varying sizes are something that really matters for promoting bacterial growth. This holds significance as certain bacteria tend to grow independently while others demand the companionship of others. Within a sponge filled with holes and pockets， there exist such an abundance of diverse structures that everyone attains a state of satisfaction.
　　Nevertheless， it does not necessarily follow that these tools present a health risk to us as well. Bacteria exist everywhere and not all are harmful； in fact， many perform vital jobs. The important question is， therefore， are the bacteria found in sponges even worth worrying about？
　　In 2017， Jennifer Quinlan， a professor of food safety， and her colleagues， collected kitchen sponges from 100 homes， finding only 1 －2％ of those sponges contained bacteria linked to food poisoning in humans and that the ones that did contained only small amounts of harmful bacteria. “The vast majority of bacteria on sponges do not cause illness，
and they’re just going to make them smelly，” says Quinlan. “Having said that， there is a possibility that if you use a sponge to wipe up raw meat， you could have some of those disease-causing bacteria on there， and studies have found that those bacteria can be separated from kitchen sponges.”
　　This is not the whole story yet. If dangerous bacteria happen to arrive on the scene， the sponge’s special make-up makes it an ideal place for them to grow and multiply. And there’s evidence this is the case.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了细菌喜欢生活在厨 房海绵中，因为海绵的结构有利于细菌生长。不过，并非所有细菌 都有害，大部分海绵上的细菌不会致病，只是会让海绵有气味，但 海绵特殊的结构使得危险细菌一旦出现就容易大量繁殖。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了细菌喜欢生活在厨
房海绵中，因为海绵的结构有利于细菌生长。不过，并非所有细菌
都有害，大部分海绵上的细菌不会致病，只是会让海绵有气味，但
海绵特殊的结构使得危险细菌一旦出现就容易大量繁殖。
1. What can we learn from the first paragraph？（　　）
A. Sponges are perfect tools in the kitchen.
B. Bacteria prefer to live in dry environment.
C. Kitchen sponges are good home for bacteria.
D. Bacteria affect kitchen sponges’ performance.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，对于大多数细菌来说，厨 房海绵可能是它们最想定居的地方，因为海绵温暖、潮湿且充满营养 食物碎屑。所以厨房海绵是细菌的好家园。
√
2. What did Lingchong You find in his study？（　　）
A. How sponges are exactly structured.
B. What encourages bacterial growth.
C. How bacteria react to the environment.
D. Why bacteria keep company with each other.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，他发现，海绵上那 些大小各异的孔隙对于促进细菌生长至关重要，即他发现了促进细菌 生长的因素。
√
3. What does Quinlan think of bacteria on sponges？（　　）
A. Relatively harmless.
B. Poorly adaptive.
C. Surprisingly unpleasant.
D. Widely distributed.
解析：　观点态度题。根据第四段第二句可知，Quinlan认为海 绵上绝大多数细菌不会致病，它们只是会让海绵产生异味，也就 是相对无害。
√
4. What will be probably discussed in the following paragraph？（　　）
A. Proofs of bacterial threat.
B. The classification of bacteria.
C. Methods to control bacterial growth.
D. Research into applications of bacteria.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，有证据表明危险细菌 在海绵上容易生长繁殖。由此可推知，接下来可能会讨论细菌威 胁的证据。
√
B
　　（2026·长沙适应性考试）Decades of increasing corn and soya bean production have turned Brazil into an agricultural powerhouse， which also led to the destruction of the Amazon rainforest.That has long put farmers and environmentalists in disagreement.But a study released in October by the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais （UFMG） and Rainforest Foundation Norway （RFN）shows the extent to which deforestation is hurting farmers too.
　　The report shows that the practice of clear-cutting in the Brazilian Amazon led to reduced crop production， resulting in total economic losses of about $1 billion between 2006 and 2019.The net revenues （收 入） for soya beans dropped by 10％ over that time， while corn revenues dropped by 20％.Anders Krogh， a specialist forest adviser at RFN， says these findings demonstrate the danger deforestation poses to global food security.
　　When ancient forests become rolling plains， a delicate balance of water cycle is disturbed.As trees breathe， they turn water into vapour （水蒸气）， which goes on to form large， thick rain clouds， and has a cooling effect on the region.This recycling process also influences atmospheric circulation（循环）， which plays a key role in temperature regulation in the Amazon basin.The effects are the severest in the most deforested regions.Less rain and hotter days mean smaller harvests and smaller revenues.
　　Preventing further deforestation in Brazil’s southern Amazon could slow the trend.Plus， reforesting could even change rainfall trends：the report concludes that if the Brazilian state of Pará were to reforest 55，000 km2 of farming land， the rain could come on average five days earlier， and up to 19 in some areas.For now， though， that seems like a tall order.Agricultural firms in Brazil tend to treat such reports and the researchers who produce them with doubt.The term “agri-phobic （农业 恐惧）” is often used to describe scientists who criticize the country’s farming practices.At the grassroots level， despite the increasing costs of adapting to drier conditions， Brazilian farmers doubt the claims that lower production results from climate change or deforestation.
　　Britaldo Soares-Filho， a researcher at UFMG and the report’s lead author， hopes that concentrating on the financial effect of deforestation， rather than abstract modelling， can change farmers’ minds.Sustainable farming practices， he urges， are in the economic interests of agribusiness.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。森林的砍伐打破了水循环的平衡， 导致农民收成的减少，重新造林会减少这一影响，但是农民对气候 变化或森林砍伐导致产量下降的说法表示怀疑。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。森林的砍伐打破了水循环的平衡，
导致农民收成的减少，重新造林会减少这一影响，但是农民对气候
变化或森林砍伐导致产量下降的说法表示怀疑。
5. How does the author develop paragraph 2？（　　）
A. By listing statistics.
B. By citing a saying.
C. By making an assumption.
D. By introducing a concept.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，第二段通过列举数据 来展开段落。
√
6. Which is close to the underlined idiom “a tall order” in meaning in paragraph 4？（　　）
A. A hard nut.
B. A big fish.
C. A helping hand.
D. A red-letter day.
√
解析：　词义猜测题。根据第四段内容可知，阻止巴西南部亚马孙 森林的进一步砍伐可能会减缓这一趋势。此外，重新造林甚至可以改 变降雨趋势。though表示转折，再根据画线词后一句可知，巴西的农 业公司往往对这类报告及其撰写者持怀疑态度。由此可以推知，此处 是说那看起来像是一个棘手的问题。
7. What does Britaldo Soares-Filho mean？（　　）
A. Logging contributes to financial increase.
B. Abstract modelling makes a big difference.
C. Clear-cutting puts global food security in great danger.
D. Farmers should focus on the financial impact of deforestation.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，Britaldo Soares-Filho 希望，通过关注森林砍伐的经济影响，而不是抽象的建模改变农民的 观念。由此可以推知，农民应该关注森林砍伐对经济的影响。
√
8. What is the best title for the text？（　　）
A. Deforestation：It Boosts Revenues？
B. Water Cycle：It Disturbs Agriculture？
C. Climate Change：It Worsens Rainforest？
D. Reforesting：It Relieves Global Warming？
√
解析：　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，整篇文章是围绕砍伐森林所 带来的一系列影响展开的。砍伐森林导致水循环的微妙平衡被破坏， 更少的雨水和更热的天气意味着更少的收成和更少的收入。想要缓解 这一结果，需要重新造林，然而巴西农民们对此持怀疑态度。故A项 （砍伐森林：它增加了收入？）最能概括本文内容。
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2026·南京、盐城模拟）On a fall day， my wife and I went boating on the Blackfoot River.I was excited about the trip because it would allow me to forget my 　9　.
　　At noon， we rested on a bank. 　10　 the scenery， we barely realized the approaching danger.Then three large 　11　 emerged from the forest： a huge mama bear with two babies.They were less than 100 feet away across the river， far closer than the recommended 　12　 distance.
　　I could feel 　13　 reached deep into my stomach.Time stood still.Then， I grabbed the bear spray （喷雾） and we walked downriver to 　14　 ourselves.“Hey， bears！” I said.“We are not here to 　15　 you.”At that moment， I thought the mama bear would 　16　 across the river， covering the 100 feet in seconds.Although I knew how to use the spray， I didn’t think I could use it 　17　.
　　To our surprise， the mama bear 　18　 drank water from the river.When one baby wandered just a few steps away， she quickly 　19　 him.Just like their 　20　 appearance， they were gone，disappearing into the forest.We returned to our boat， lost in 　21　.
　　This encounter 　22　 me， making my daily concerns insignificant in the larger context of our planet.The experience， the fear， and my 　23　 as a human have changed my perspective on the world forever.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。一年秋天，作者和妻子去划船。当 二人醉心于自然美景时，一只熊妈妈带着两个熊宝宝在河的对岸意 外出现，作者瞬间感到害怕，抓起防熊喷雾，和妻子紧急远离，但 是，熊妈妈它们只是来河边喝水而已，喝完水后它们就离开了。这 让作者不禁感慨自己的狭隘和渺小，并改变了对世界的看法。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。一年秋天，作者和妻子去划船。当
二人醉心于自然美景时，一只熊妈妈带着两个熊宝宝在河的对岸意
外出现，作者瞬间感到害怕，抓起防熊喷雾，和妻子紧急远离，但
是，熊妈妈它们只是来河边喝水而已，喝完水后它们就离开了。这
让作者不禁感慨自己的狭隘和渺小，并改变了对世界的看法。
9. A. concerns B. principles
C. passions D. secrets
解析：　根据最后一段中的making my daily concerns insignificant in the larger context of our planet可知，作者一开始是想借助划船来忘记 自己的烦恼。concern与下文是原词复现。
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10. A. Tired of B. Absorbed in
C. Looking into D. Reflecting on
解析：　根据下文we barely realized the approaching danger可知，作 者和妻子被自然美景吸引，以至于危险来临都没有察觉。be absorbed in 被……吸引住。be tired of 对……感到厌烦的；look into 调查，审 查；reflect on 仔细思考。
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11. A. signs B. pictures
C. targets D. shapes
解析：　根据下文a huge mama bear with two babies可知，作者在岸 边休息，三个庞大的身影在树林里出现。shape在此意为“模糊的影 子”，属于熟词生义的用法。
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12. A. social B. safe
C. average D. constant
解析：　根据下文描述的作者和妻子看见熊之后的反应和空处所在 句可知，熊妈妈它们就在河对岸，距离作者不到100英尺（约30 米），这远比建议的安全距离近得多。
13. A. fear B. surprise
C. excitement D. courage
解析：　根据上下文语境可知，作者此时感到害怕。最后一段的The experience， the fear亦是提示，与此处构成原词复现。
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14. A. relax B. corner
C. dismiss D. distance
解析：　根据上文可知，熊出现的时候，作者和妻子并不在安全的 距离范围，因此作者他们向下游走是为了让自己离熊更远点。distance 在此作动词，意为“拉开距离，与……疏远”。
15. A. bathe B. tease C. bother D. pet
解析：　根据上文we walked downriver to 　14　 ourselves并结合常 识可知，作者此时和熊保持了一定的距离，然后作者对熊解释说“我 们不是来打扰你们的”。
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16. A. sail B. float C. charge D. wander
解析：　根据下文covering the 100 feet in seconds可知，作者认为熊 妈妈在几秒内就能跨越这100英尺（约30米）的距离，冲到河对岸 来。charge在此意为“冲，猛冲”，属于熟词生义的用法。
17. A. in advance B. at random
C. at peace D. in time
解析：　根据上文covering the 100 feet in seconds并结合常识可知， 如果熊妈妈在几秒内冲到河对岸来，那么作者很可能无法及时使用防 熊喷雾。
√
√
18. A. probably B. simply
C. naturally D. certainly
解析：　根据第三段中的I thought the mama bear would 　16　 across the river和空前的To our surprise可知，作者本以为熊妈妈会冲到河对 岸来，但令作者他们惊讶的是，熊妈妈只是在河边喝水。
19. A. rescued B. abandoned
C. fetched D. examined
解析：　根据上文可知，熊妈妈带着熊宝宝在河边喝水，当一只熊 宝宝只是走了几步远时，熊妈妈就快速把它拽回来。
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20. A. timely B. inappropriate
C. unexpected D. regular
解析：　根据第二段的描述可知，这三只熊是突然出现的，喝完水 后，它们就离开了。
21. A. awe B. shock
C. regret D. calmness
解析：　根据最后一段作者的感悟可知，这次经历改变了作者对世 界的看法，让作者对自然满怀敬畏。
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22. A. astonished B. humbled
C. refreshed D. fueled
解析：　根据下文可知，这次邂逅让作者感到自己的渺小，作者日 常的那些烦恼在这个广袤的星球面前显得微不足道。humble在此作动 词，意为“使感到卑微”。
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23. A. limitations B. responsibilities
C. advantages D. virtues
解析：　上文讲熊妈妈和熊宝宝只是来河边喝水，而作者却如临大 敌。此外，作者一开始只关注排解自己的烦恼，而没有从整体上看待 宇宙万物。因此，作者意识到了自己作为人类的局限。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　（2026·武汉调研考试）The oasis （绿洲） valley seems strangely at odds with the common impression of Saudi Arabia.Make no mistake， the desert is here， but so 24. 　　（be）breathtaking green landscapes.Even the area’s spelling is unusual — AlUla.
　　AlUla’s 25. 　　 （unique） not only lies in its natural scenery but in its cultural and historic heritage.In AlUla， besides the ancient city of Dadan， tourists can visit the Hegra archaeological site， which is both Saudi Arabia’s first UNESCO World Heritage Site 26. 　　 home to astonishing Nabataean rock-cut tombs with delicate decorations and carvings.
　　27. 　　（early）this year， AlUla welcomed 263，000 visitors from China.Recognizing the significant potential for growth in Chinese market， the tourism section of AlUla， 28. 　　（partner）local businesses， is seeking to strengthen its presence in China by organizing promotional events and participating in travel 29. （fair）.Abdulrahman Alsuhaibani， vice president of culture at the Royal Commission for AlUla， says，“We’ve adopted a varied strategy to meet the needs of Chinese tourists， 30. 　　 features cultural， historical and luxury experiences.”
　　The authority has also worked 31. 　　 Chinese museums to focus on areas like cultural heritage preservation and promotion.Recently， AlUla， Wonder of Arabia， an exhibition held at the Palace Museum， presented 32. 　　 overview of the area’s history through 236 exhibits.Moreover， at the AlUla Language Institute， founded in 2021， Saudis can learn Chinese 33. 　　（smooth） communication with tourists.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了沙特阿拉伯的绿洲 埃尔奥拉自然景观和历史文化遗产的独特性，以及当地旅游部门通 过多种方式吸引中国游客。　
24. are　考查动词的时态。此处是so引导的倒装句，构成“so＋be动 词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”结构，表示“……也一样”。此处主语 是复数名词landscapes，且描述客观事实，故填are。
25. uniqueness　考查名词。空处在句中作主语，且其前有AlUla’s修 饰，故填名词uniqueness。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了沙特阿拉伯的绿洲
埃尔奥拉自然景观和历史文化遗产的独特性，以及当地旅游部门通
过多种方式吸引中国游客。　
26. and　考查连词。根据句中的both，并结合句意可知，此处是 “both ...and ...”结构。
27. Earlier　考查形容词比较级。此处表示“今年早些时候”，且空 处位于句首，故填Earlier。
28. partnering　考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作非谓语，与其逻辑主 语the tourism section of AlUla之间是主谓关系，用动词-ing短语作伴随 状语，故填partnering。
29. fairs　考查名词复数。空处作介词in的宾语，应用名词。fair是可 数名词，其前无限定词修饰，故填其复数形式fairs。
30. which　考查定语从句。结合语境可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰 先行词strategy，并在从句中作主语，故填which。
31. with　考查介词。根据句意可知，此处表示“与……一起工 作”，故填with。
32. an　考查冠词。overview意为“概述，概要”，是可数名词，此 处表示泛指，应用不定冠词an。
33. to smooth　考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作非谓语，结合句意可 知，此处应用动词不定式短语作目的状语，故填to smooth。

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