资源简介

(共124张PPT)
主题概述
本主题探讨地球的起源与结构、宇宙的奥秘以及人类的太空探索活动，旨在帮助学生深入了解天体运行的基本规律、空间技术的发展成就，培养对科学的好奇心和勇于探索的精神，引导学生树立正确的宇宙观和环保意识，形成崇尚科学、热爱自然的积极态度
子话题1　宇宙探索与技能
1. explore v.探索；勘探
exploration n.探索；勘探
explorer n.探险家
2. detect v.发现；查明；测出
detection n.探测；察觉
detective n.侦探；警探
3. expedition n.远征；探险队
4. navigate v.导航；航行
navigation n.导航；航行
主题单词
5. sign n.迹象；征兆；标志 v.签署；签名；示意；表明
6. radar n.雷达
7. rocket n.火箭
8. signal n.信号 v.发信号
9. telescope n.望远镜
10. instruct vt.指导；通知；命令；教授
instruction n.用法说明；指示；教授，指导；（计算机的）指令，命令
11. arrange vt.排列，布置 vt.& vi.安排，筹备
arrangement n.计划；安排
子话题2　地球结构与特征
1. globe n.地球；地球仪
2. core n.地核；核心
3. equator n.赤道
4. surface n.表面；地表
5. tide n.潮汐；潮流
6. continent n.大陆；大洲
7. current n.（水、气）流；电流 adj.当前的
currency n.货币；通用；流行
8. geography n.地理学；地形
9. geology n.地质学
10. layer n.层；层次
11. remote adj.偏远的
12. distance n.遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远
distant adj.遥远的；远房的；冷淡的
distantly adv.远离地；疏远地
13. shine vi.发光；反光；照耀
子话题3　人类活动与未来
1. potential n.潜力；可能性 adj.潜在的
2. tight adj.（时间、资金）紧张的；紧的；紧身的；密封的 adv.紧 紧地；彻底地
3. destination n.目的地
4. station v.派驻；使驻扎 n.站
5. frontier n.前沿；边疆
6. humanity n.人类；人性
7. inhabit v.居住于；栖息于
inhabitant n.居民；栖息的动物
8. reveal v.揭示；透露；展现；显示
9. dominate vi.& vt.支配；控制
domination n.控制；支配
10. flight n.飞翔；飞行；班机；航班；空中旅行
11. float vi.飘动；漂流；浮 vt.使浮动，使漂流
12. flow v.流动；流淌；涌动 n.流动；流速；连贯；顺畅
13. milestone n.里程碑；重大事件
14. mission n.任务；使命；（航天）飞行任务
15. program n.计划；项目；程序
16. space station 空间站
17. indicate v.表明，显示；象征，暗示
indication n.迹象；标示
18. voyage n.航行；航天
子话题4　宇宙天体与概念
（一）天体
1. Earth n.地球
2. Mars n.火星
3. galaxy n.星系；银河系
4. Milky Way 银河系
5. solar system 太阳系
6. black hole黑洞
7. star n.恒星；星星
8. planet n.行星
9. orbit n.轨道 v.绕轨道运行
（二）物质与概念
1. big bang 宇宙大爆炸
2. ray n.光线；射线
3. outer space 外太空
4. phenomenon n.现象
5. light-year n.光年
6. alien n.外星人（生物）；外国人adj.陌生的；外星的；外国的
7. hydrogen n.氢；氢气
8. oxygen n.氧；氧气
9. pace n.速度；进度
10. vast adj.巨大的；广阔的
11. massive adj.巨大的；庞大的；大量的；严重的
12. tiny adj.极小的；微小的；微量的
子话题5　交通与太空探索
（一）地上交通
1. vehicle n.车辆；交通工具
2. traffic n.路上行驶的车辆；交通；（沿固定路线的）航行；运输
3. high-speed rail 高铁
4. railway n.铁路；铁道部门
5. wheel n.轮子；方向盘；汽车；运作方式 v.推
6. aboard adv.上（船、飞机、公共汽车等）
7. underground n.地铁；地下 adj.地下的 adv.在地下；不公开地
（二）太空探索
1. manned adj.载人的
2. launch v.使（船）下水；发射；开始从事；发起；上市 n.发射；下水；上市；发起
3. aviation n.航空；飞行
4. spacecraft/spaceship 宇宙飞船
5. satellite n.人造卫星；卫星
6. shuttle n.航天飞机；来往于两地的航班（或班车、火车）vi.频繁往来（于两地之间）
7. helicopter n.直升机
8. aircraft n.飞行器；飞机
9. capsule n.（太空）舱
10. probe n.探测器
11. aerospace n.航空航天
12. missile n.发射物；导弹；飞弹；火箭 adj.可发射的
13. external n.外面，外部adj.外面的，外部的；外来的
14. calendar n.日历；历法；日程表；（一年之中的）重大事件
（三）通用术语
1. route n.路线；航线
2. transport n.运输；输送 v.输送；传播
transportation n.交通运输
3. departure n.离开，启程； 离开的飞机（或火车等）； 离职； 违背
4. locate v.找出……的准确位置；确定……的准确地点
location n.位置；定位；地点；地方
主题短语
1. take off 起飞
2. lift off （火箭等）升空
3. touch down 着陆
4. head for 前往
5. set out for 出发前往
6. send back 发回（数据、图像）
7. pick up 接收（信号）
8. look into 调查
11. in view of 鉴于，考虑到
12. be beneficial to ... 对……有益
13. in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下；既然如此
14. more than 多于；不仅仅；非常，岂止
15. on the whole 大体上；基本上
9. map out 绘制……的地图
10. orbit around 环绕……运行
主题语块
1. launch a rocket 发射火箭
2. launch a satellite 发射卫星
3. explore the universe 探索宇宙
4. explore outer space 探索外太空
5. discover new planets 发现新行星
6. conduct a space mission 执行太空任务
7. board a spacecraft 登上宇宙飞船
8. walk on the Moon/Mars 在月球/火星上行走
9. collect rock samples 收集岩石样本
10. analyze data from space 分析来自太空的数据
主题佳句
高考必背写作佳句
1. 句型公式：祈使句＋and＋陈述句
Follow the suggestions above，and you will get your written English improved.（建议信）
听从以上建议，你的书面英语会得到提升。
2. 句型公式：no matter what 引导让步状语从句
You have to remember that no matter what the world turns out to be， you have to be kind.
你要记住，不管世界变成什么样，你都要善良。
基础知识巩固集训（一）　默写训练
Ⅰ.单词默写
1. n.地球；地球仪
2. n.表面；地表
3. n.大陆；大洲
4. n.（水、气）流；电流 adj.当前的
5. n.地理学；地形
6. adj.巨大的；广阔的
7. adj.巨大的；庞大的；大量的；严重的
8. n.轮子；方向盘；汽车；运作方式 v.推
globe　
surface　
continent　
current　
geography　
vast　
massive　
wheel　
9. v.使（船）下水；发射；开始从事；发起；上市 n.发 射；下水；上市；发起
10. n.路线；航线
11. n.离开，启程； 离开的飞机（或火车等）； 离职； 违背
launch　
route　
departure　
Ⅱ.派生单词默写
1. explore v.探索；勘探
n.探索；勘探
n.探险家
2. detect v.发现；查明；测出
n.探测；察觉
n.侦探；警探
3. navigate v.导航；航行
n.导航；航行
exploration　
explorer　
detection　
detective　
navigation　
4. inhabit v.居住于；栖息于
n.居民；栖息的动物
5. transport n.运输；输送 v.输送；传播
n.交通运输
inhabitant　
transportation　
Ⅲ.短语/语块默写
1. 　起飞
2. 　发回（数据、图像）
3. 　接收（信号）
4. 　绘制……的地图
5. 　环绕……运行
6.
　　 在这种情况下；既然如此
take off　
send back　
pick up　
map out　
orbit around　
in/under the circumstances
7. 　多于；不仅仅；非常，岂止
8. 　大体上；基本上
9. 　发射火箭
10. 　执行太空任务
more than　
on the whole　
launch a rocket　
conduct a space mission　
Follow the suggestions above　
no matter what the world turns out to
be　
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. The driver gave a hand （信号） before turning left.
2. They live in a （偏远的） village far away from the city.
3. The coach saw great （潜力） in the young athlete.
4. Our budget is very （紧张的） this month， so we can’t afford to eat out.
5. The investigation will （揭示） the truth behind the incident.
signal　
remote　
potential　
tight　
reveal　
基础知识巩固集训（二）　语境运用
　　
6. My （航班） to Beijing has been delayed due to bad weather.
7. The empty bottle will （漂浮） on the water.
8. The astronauts’ （任务） was to repair the space station.
flight　
float　
mission　
Ⅱ.用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. The company’s complete （dominate） of the market led to higher prices for consumers.
2. The exact （locate） of the earthquake’s epicenter was difficult to determine immediately.
3. The flower （arrange） on the table is both elegant and artistic， making the entire space more vibrant.
4. The rescue team followed the captain’s （instruct） carefully to save the trapped miners.
5. The sudden drop in air pressure was a clear （indicate） of an approaching storm.
domination　
location　
arrangement　
instruction　
indication　
touch down
tonight and cause severe damage　
to look into the cause of
the accident　
In view of the severe weather conditions　
be beneficial to everyone　
to exploring the universe to
uncover its mysteries　
instruct vt.指导；通知；命令；教授→instruction n.用法说明；指 示；教授，指导；（计算机的）指令，命令
练通 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Mission Control instructed the astronauts （begin） their spacewalk.
②Please follow the （instruct） carefully before assembling the telescope.
③The astronauts specific procedures in an emergency.
宇航员们被指示在紧急情况下遵循特定的程序。
to begin　
instructions　
were instructed to follow　
has instructed me to finalize the content for the next
issue　
用法
instruct sb to do sth　　　指示某人做某事
instruct sb in sth　　教某人某事
follow the instructions 　　遵从指示
佳句 A voice inside him， clear as day， instructed him to go to his brother， not for forgiveness， but for understanding. （2025·全国一卷）
他内心一个清晰如白昼的声音指示他去找他的兄弟，不为寻求原谅， 只为寻求理解。
积累
instruction manual 说明手册
under the instruction of 在……的指导下
safety instructions 安全须知
give clear instructions 给出明确指示
arrange vt.排列，布置 vt.& vi.安排，筹备→arrangement n.计划； 安排
练通 单句语法填空/完成句子
①All the necessary （arrange） have been made for the satellite launch next month.
②The space agency arranged for a press conference （announce） their new findings.
③We the astronauts’ return.
我们已经为宇航员的返回安排好了一切。
arrangements　
to announce　
have arranged everything for　
写美 微写作
④I carefully ， each one a small， unspoken apology I hoped my brother would accept. （2025·全 国一卷）
我小心地将自制饼干摆放在盒子里，每一块都是一个小小的、无言的 道歉，我希望弟弟能够接受。
arranged the homemade biscuits in the box　
用法
arrange （for sb） to do sth　 　　安排（某人）做某事
arrange sth in order 　　按顺序排列某物
make arrangements for 　　为……做安排
佳句 ①Could you let me know your progress so we can make the final arrangements for publication？ （2025·全国二卷）
您能告知我您的进展吗？以便我们能为出版做出最终安排。
②I’ve arranged with the neighbours about feeding the cat while we are away.
我们外出期间给猫喂食的事，我已和邻居安排妥了。
积累
arrange a meeting 安排会议
neatly arranged 排列整齐的
travel arrangements 旅行安排
general arrangement 总体布置；总体设计
distance n.遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远→distant adj.遥远的； 远房的；冷淡的
练通 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The （distant） between Earth and Mars varies greatly depending on their orbits.
②The time we spent together is now a （distance） memory.
③ ， the planet appears pale blue.
从远处看，这颗行星呈现出淡蓝色。
distance　
distant　
From a distance　
a great way to close/shorten the
distance　
用法
keep one’s distance　 保持距离
from a distance　　从远方
in the distance　　 在远处
close/shorten the distance　　缩短距离
佳句 This interactive column can effectively shorten the distance between different grades and departments in our school.这个互动栏目能 有效缩短我们学校不同年级和部门之间的距离。
积累
social distance 社交距离
within walking distance 步行可达的距离
emotional distance 情感上的疏远
from a safe distance 从安全的距离
potential n.潜力；可能性 adj.潜在的
练通 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Our new project has the potential （do） a lot of good for the local community by creating jobs.
一个支持性的环境对于孩子们的成长和发挥全部潜力至关重要。
③A great teacher can help hidden within every student.
一位优秀的老师可以帮助发掘每个学生内在的潜力。
to do　
reach
their full potential　
unlock the potential　
写美 微写作
④Before hiking， you should always like sudden weather changes or wild animals.
在徒步旅行之前，你应该时刻警惕潜在的危险，比如突然的天气变化 或野生动物。
be aware of potential dangers　
用法
have the potential to do sth　　有潜力做某事
reach one’s full potential　　发挥全部潜力
unlock potential 　　发掘潜力
potential customer/danger 　　潜在客户/危险
佳句 ①AI has the potential to reshape education systems by personalizing learning experiences.
人工智能通过个性化学习体验，有潜力重塑教育体系。
②In that moment of quiet reflection， he finally saw the potential for a deeper connection with his brother， one built on empathy rather than pride.
在那静静反思的时刻，他终于看到了与哥哥建立更深层次联系的可能 性，一种建立在同理心而非骄傲之上的联系。
indicate v.表明，显示；象征，暗示→indication n.迹象；标示
练通 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The strange readings were an （indicate） that the spacecraft’s sensor was malfunctioning.
②The astronaut used a hand gesture .
宇航员用手势表示他已经准备好了。
indication　
to indicate that he was ready　
the first indication that my
apology had reached his heart　
用法
indicate that ...　 表明……
an indication of/that ...　　……的迹象
佳句 Choosing this topic would indicate a shared desire among students for more light-hearted and engaging content.
选择这个话题将表明学生们共同渴望更轻松、更有趣的内容。
积累
a clear indication 明确的迹象
indicate a preference for 表明对……的偏好
locate v.找出……的准确位置；确定……的准确地点→located adj. 位于，坐落在→location n.位置；定位；地点；地方
练通 单句语法填空
①The team’s primary mission is （locate） a suitable landing site for the rover.
②The exact （locate） of the new observatory has not yet been decided.
to locate　
location　
is located at the main gate of the
school　
用法
locate the source of　　　　找到……的源头
be located in/at/on　　坐落于……
佳句 The “Guess who I am” column would be a fun way for students to locate and connect with peers they don’t know yet. （2025·全国一卷）
“猜猜我是谁”栏目将是一个有趣的方式，让学生们找到并联系他们 还不认识的同龄人。
写作靓词——读后续写小妙招
sink vi.（sank/sunk，sunk）沉没；下沉；下降 vt.使下沉；使沉没
佳句背诵
①David had only gone a few metres before he tripped and fell flat on the ground， which made my heart sink.
大卫只走了几米就绊了一跤，倒在地上，这使我的心沉了下去。
②My heart was beating fast and then I sank into disappointment as my name was not in the list.
我的心跳加速，然后我陷入了失望，因为我的名字不在名单上。
靓句写作 She watched him go .
她心情沉重地看着他走了。
with a sinking heart　
敲黑板
①sink into/down 陷入；（缓缓）坐下
②spirits sink 情绪低落
③a sinking feeling 沮丧感
④sink in despair 陷入绝望
写作佳句——应用文写作与读后续写佳句仿写
句型公式：祈使句＋and＋陈述句
点拨 该句型中，祈使句表示一个条件，and连接一个表示结果的陈述 句。它相当于一个省略了if的条件句（If you ...， you will ...），语 气更直接、有力，常用于提出建议或说明一个必然的结果。
背诵 ①Embrace challenges with a positive attitude， and you will discover your true potential. （个人成长）
以积极的态度拥抱挑战，你就会发现自己真正的潜力。
②Be kind to others， and you will earn their respect and friendship. （人际交往）
善待他人，你就会赢得他们的尊重和友谊。
Follow the official instructions　
and your spoken English will improve
greatly　
Ⅰ.多义词汇
赏句猜义，选出加蓝单词的正确意思
1. alien
A. n.外星人（生物）　 B. n.外国人；外侨
C. adj.陌生的；性质不同的
①The science fiction novel describes a friendly alien visiting Earth from a distant galaxy.
A　
②The customs and traditions of the tribe were completely alien to the explorers.
③As a legal alien， she was required to report her address to the government every year.
C　
B　
2. launch
A. v.发射　B. v.发起（活动） C. v.使（新产品）上市　
D. n.（新产品的）推出
①The space agency is preparing to launch a rocket to Mars next month.
②The successful launch of their new product led to a significant increase in sales.
③The government will launch a national campaign against smoking.
④Apple will launch its latest iPhone model in September.
A　
D　
B　
C　
3. current
A. n.（水、气）流　 B. n.电流　 C. adj.当前的
①The strong current in the river made it dangerous for swimming.
②It is important to stay informed about current events happening around the world.
③A sudden power surge caused a strong electrical current that damaged the equipment.
A　
C　
B　
4. sign
A. n.迹象；征兆　B. n.标志；招牌 C. v.签署；签名　
D. v.示意；打手势
①Dark clouds in the sky are often a sign of an approaching storm.
②He signed for the waiter to bring the bill.
③You must sign the contract before the agreement can be official.
④The traffic sign clearly indicated that drivers should not turn left.
A　
D　
C　
B　
Ⅱ.构词法
构词法 词根graph＝write 写，记录
写出下列句中蓝体词的词性和词义
1. Before phones， people sent messages using telegraph systems across long distances.
2. The famous actor signed his autograph for excited fans outside the theater.
3. The book contains colorful graphic illustrations that help explain scientific concepts effectively.
n.电报　
n.亲笔签名　
adj.图形的　
4. We study world geography to learn about different countries and their cultures.
5. Modern typography makes books and websites easier to read and more attractive.
6. She practices calligraphy every day to improve her beautiful handwriting skills significantly.
n.地理　
n.版面设计　
n.书法　
应用文写作（议论文——探索太空的利弊）
　　根据提示，用本主题词汇和句式完成下面的写作。
　　假定你是李华，你校英文报征稿讨论探索太空的利弊。请你写一 篇短文参与讨论，内容包括：（1）你的观点；（2）说明理由。
注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）请按如下格式作答。
　　Space exploration is a topic that sparks both excitement and debate.Let’s examine its pros and cons. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　
has the potential to
drive technological advancements and scientific discoveries　
are often
located in remote areas　
in the distance　
　　In conclusion， while space exploration offers great opportunities， it requires careful balance to maximize benefits and minimize risks.
you will unlock new resources
and knowledge　
instruct scientists to
undertake risky missions　
make arrangements for massive funding and safety measures　
学会构思
首段——开篇点题
介绍太空探索是一个引发兴奋和争议的话题，并引出分析其利弊。
中段——展开论述
①优点：太空探索有潜力推动技术进步和科学发现，例如通过位于偏 远地区的望远镜观察远处天体，并强调探索的积极影响；
②缺点：政府经常指示科学家执行危险任务，且必须为资金和安全做 安排，这可能占用其他领域的资源。
尾段——总结重申
强调太空探索虽有机会，但需谨慎平衡利弊，以最大化益处并减 少风险。
读后续写（学校生活＋修辞之拟人）
（一）语料积累——修辞之拟人
　　拟人是英语中常用的修辞手法，将非人的事物（如动物、植物、 物体、抽象概念等）赋予人的特征、行为、情感或思维，使描述更加 生动形象，增强语言的感染力。基本结构为：
①非人事物＋人的动作动词 ③非人事物＋人的身体部位
②非人事物＋人的情感形容词 ④非人事物＋人的思维活动
语 块 1.the wind whispers 风在低语　　　　　　　　
2.the sun smiles 太阳微笑着　　
3.the flowers dance 花儿在舞蹈　　
4.the moon watches 月亮注视着
5.the trees wave 树木挥手
6.the river sings 河流在歌唱
7.time crawls 时间爬行（过得很慢）　　
8.the house groans 房子在呻吟
佳 句 1.In the early morning， the wind whispered gently， awakening the sleeping village from its slumber.
清晨，微风轻柔地低语着，唤醒了沉睡中的村庄。
2.We built our cabin on the shoulder of the mountain， overlooking the entire valley.
我们在山腰上建了小木屋，俯瞰整个山谷。
3.The sea seemed to know my sorrow， its waves gently trying to comfort me.
大海似乎知晓我的悲伤，用它的波浪温柔地试图安慰我。
（二）学以致用——完成续写语段
　　前情介绍：“我”是一名高中生，因为害怕失败而一直逃避挑 战。这次，在朋友们的鼓励下，“我”决定独自挑战学校附近的一座 小山。经过艰难的攀登，“我”终于到达了山顶。站在山顶上， “我”感受到了前所未有的成就感。
The sun smiled brilliantly overhead　
the flowers
danced joyfully in the mountain breeze　
The trees waved their branches in celebration　
The wind
whispered words of encouragement　
as it gently brushed against my face.Looking out， I could see the entire valley spread in the distance， reminding me that my coach had always 5. （指示我要突破舒适圈）.At that moment， I understood that conquering this mountain was not just about reaching the top， but about discovering the courage within myself.I had finally learned to embrace challenges rather than fear them.
instructed me to
push beyond my comfort zone　
学会构思
到达山顶
↓
感受自然的
庆祝与鼓励
↓
回想教练的
指导与鼓励
↓
领悟挑战的真正意义
与个人成长
（分值：25分， 限时：20分钟）
　　（2019·全国Ⅱ卷）Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts.The microorganisms（微生物） from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station， so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem？It’s turning to a bunch of high school kids.But not just any kids.It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms， like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport， New York.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
〔宇宙探索——处理太空细菌〕
　　HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers.For the past two years， Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity， and they think they’re close to a solution （解决方案）.“We don’t give the students any breaks.They have to do it just like NASA engineers，”says Florence Gold， a project manager.
　　“There are no tests，” Gordon says.“There is no graded homework.There almost are no grades， other than‘Are you working towards your goal？’ Basically， it’s ‘I’ve got to produce this product and then， at the end of the year， present it to NASA. ’Engineers come and really do an in-person review， and ...it’s not a very nice thing at times.It’s a hard business review of your product.”
　　Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact （影响） on college admissions and practical life skills.“These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don’t teach.”And that annoying bacteria？Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem， readying a workable solution to test in space.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国一所中学与NASA合 作的联合科研项目，解决国际空间站中的细菌问题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国一所中学与NASA合
作的联合科研项目，解决国际空间站中的细菌问题。
1. What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station？（　　）
A. They are hard to get rid of.
B. They lead to air pollution.
C. They appear in different forms.
D. They damage the instruments.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，来自我们身体的微 生物在太空站的表面增长得很快，宇航员每周得花很长时间清理它 们，由此断定太空站里的细菌很难清除。
√
2. What is the purpose of the HUNCH program？（　　）
A. To strengthen teacher-student relationships.
B. To sharpen students’ communication skills.
C. To allow students to experience zero gravity.
D. To link space technology with school education.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，HUNCH项目的目的 是把学校教育与航天技术联系在一起。
√
3. What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program？ （　　）
A. Check their product.
B. Guide project designs.
C. Adjust work schedules.
D. Grade their homework.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，NASA工程师亲 自检查那些高中学生的作品。
√
4. What is the best title for the text？（　　）
A. NASA：The Home of Astronauts
B. Space：The Final Homework Frontier
C. Nature：An Outdoor Classroom
D. HUNCH：A College Admission Reform
解析：　标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了一个项目：把高中的教室 教学与太空的研究联系起来，使学生们得到NASA工程师们的指 导。因此在选标题时既要有太空，还要有学生，选项B将其完美地 结合了起来。
√
Ⅱ.语法填空
〔宇宙探索——嫦娥四号探测器〕
　　（2020·全国Ⅰ卷）China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon.The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe （探测器） — the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess — 5. 　　 （touch） down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.Landing on the moon’s far side is 6. 　　 （extreme） challenging.Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe， China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 7.
it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.The far side of the moon is of particular 8. 　　 （interesting）to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters （环形山）， more so 9. 　　 the familiar near side.Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 10. 　　 （find） and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.“This really excites scientists，” Carle Pieters， a scientist at Brown University， says， “because it 11. 　　 （mean） we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 12. 　　 （construct）.” Data about the moon’s composition， such as how 13. ice and other treasures it contains， could help China decide whether 14. 　　 （it） plans for a future lunar （月球的） base are practical.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国是第一个登上月球 背面的国家，并介绍了我国登陆月球背面所做的努力及探测的意 义。
5. touched　考查动词时态。句中有时间状语last week，故用一般 过去时。
6. extremely　考查副词。副词extremely修饰后面的形容词 challenging。
7. where　考查定语从句。先行词是spot，后跟定语从句，关系词在 从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国是第一个登上月
球背面的国家，并介绍了我国登陆月球背面所做的努力及探测的
意义。
8. interest　考查名词。句中含有“be＋of＋名词”结构，be of particular interest＝be particularly interesting，故填名词interest。
9. than　考查连词。本句中含有more，空格后为比较对象，因此本空 应填than。
10. to find　考查非谓语动词。句中的动词不定式短语to find and study areas of the South Pole Aitken basin作状语，表目的。
11. means　考查时态和主谓一致。根据上下文时态可知，本句也应用 一般现在时，主语是it，故谓语动词用means。
12. is constructed　考查被动语态。此处表示“月球是如何构成的”， construct和moon是逻辑上的动宾关系，且此处描述的是客观情况，应 用一般现在时，故填is constructed。
13. much　考查固定用法。how much“多少”，修饰不可数名词。
14. its　考查代词。此处表示“它的计划”，故用形容词性物主代词its。
〔词汇积累〕
阅 读 理 解 gravity n.重力
practical adj.实用的[派生词：practice（去e）＋-al]
workable adj.可行的（派生词：work＋-able）
sit back 袖手旁观，不采取行动
uncontrollably adv.不受控制地[派生词：uncontrollable（去e）＋-y]
语 法 填 空 unmanned adj.无人驾驶的（派生词：un-＋manned）
probe n.探测器
composition n.构成，成分
spacecraft n.航天器（合成词：space＋craft）
block v.阻碍，阻挡
orbit n.轨道，绕轨道运行
obtain v.获得
lunar adj.月球的
touch down 着陆，降落
be of particular interest 特别令人感兴趣
　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
　　（2026·陕西适应性检测）A rare lunar crystal found on the near side of the moon is giving scientists hope of providing limitless power for the world forever. The lunar crystal is made of material previously unknown to the scientific community and contains a key element for the nuclear combination process， a form of power generation that uses the same forces that fuel the sun and other stars in the universe.
　　The crystal was found in lunar basalt （玄武岩） small pieces collected from the moon in 2020 and makes China the third country to discover a new lunar mineral， behind the US and the former Soviet Union. The Chinese moon mission landed in Oceanus Procellarum in December 2020 and has been the first lunar sample return mission since the 1970s.　
　　More than 1.7 kg of lunar samples were collected and delivered safely to Earth. The crystal is clear and roughly the width of a single human hair. It formed in a region of the moon that was volcanically active around 1.2 billion years ago.
　　One of the primary ingredients found in this crystal is helium-3， which scientists believe may provide a stable fuel source for nuclear fusion reactors. The element is incredibly rare on Earth， but it seems to be fairly prevalent on the moon.
　　Although it is too early for scientists to have made any financial estimates on such a fuel source， it will undoubtedly be extremely costly. There is， of course， the matter of bringing the crystals back from the moon， especially in the large amounts that are needed to fuel fusion reactors.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在月球近侧发现的 一种罕见的月球晶体，晶体中的一种重要元素氦-3可能为核聚变反 应堆提供稳定的燃料源，同时介绍了晶体发现的背景、晶体的特征 以及利用其作为燃料源面临的问题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在月球近侧发现的
一种罕见的月球晶体，晶体中的一种重要元素氦-3可能为核聚变反
应堆提供稳定的燃料源，同时介绍了晶体发现的背景、晶体的特征
以及利用其作为燃料源面临的问题。
1. Why is discovering helium-3 significant？（　　）
A. It provides a potential stable fuel source for nuclear fusion reactors.
B. It indicates the possibility of utilizing solar energy directly from the sun.
C. It offers a method for converting lunar basalt directly into electrical energy.
D. It suggests that coal reserves could be refilled through lunar resources.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，月球晶体的一种重要成分 是氦-3，科学家认为氦-3可能为核聚变反应堆提供稳定的燃料源。
√
2. What can we learn about the lunar crystal？（　　）
A. It provides fuel to the sun and other stars.
B. It was found from the far side of the moon.
C. It was taken to the earth by three countries.
D. It was China’s first sample taken from the moon.
√
解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，该晶体 是在2020年从月球 采集的玄武岩小块中发现的，这使中国成为继美国和前苏联之后第三 个发现新月球矿物的国家。中国的月球任务于2020年12月在风暴洋着 陆，这是自20世纪70年代以来的首次月球样本返回任务。由此可推 知，该月球晶体是中国从月球上获取的首批样本。
3. What does the underlined word “prevalent” in paragraph 4 probably mean？（　　）
A. Transparent. B. Valuable.
C. Common. D. Powerful.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据第四段的The element is incredibly rare on Earth可知，这种元素在地球上极其罕见。but表示转折，意味着前后两个分句所描述的情况形成鲜明对比。因此画线词应意为“普遍的”。
√
4. Why is it extremely costly to utilize helium-3 as a fuel source？ （　　）
A. Because it is prohibited by the international laws.
B. Because it demands large amounts of crystals from the moon.
C. Because it requires the development of entirely new types of fusion reactors.
D. Because it involves complex and expensive processes to extract helium-3 from the crystal.
√
解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，利用氦-3作为燃料源 极其昂贵是因为需要从月球带回大量的晶体来为核聚变反应堆提 供燃料。
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2026·山东济南模拟）Most people remember the excitement of receiving the first letter from their pen pal.The beauty of the letter is the anticipation， the waiting and the 　5　 of what is in the note.
　　Chen Manlin， a 15-year-old Hong Kong student， was 　6　 at such a letter.Her pen pal was in the Tiangong Space Station when he wrote inspiring words to her.
　　Chen learned in June about a national campaign of writing to 　7　.She drafted an outline that evening and 　8　 every moment of her planned journey and how she 　9　 got to know about astronauts and the nation’s aerospace development program.She put her passion for 　10　 into writing， along with her 　11　 and doubts about her studies and making choices in life.
　　A three-page letter of reply arrived in a month.Shenzhou ⅩⅣ astronaut Chen Dong responded to her 　12　.In the letter， he recalled how he became an astronaut.“During the practice， every inch of my skin， my cells were put under 　13　 pressure.It felt like my internal organs were being ‘displaced’，” he said.His strengthened 　14　 went on for six years.He finally 　15　 for the mission in space.It was his 　16　 that kept him going when he was feeling tired and lost， he wrote.“Life is like the 　17　， which comes with different weather.It is not all sunny days.Don’t fear 　18　 in life ...”
　　The letter stuck in Chen’s mind.She 　19　 to become a researcher and hopes she can contribute to China’s aerospace development.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述15岁的香港学生陈曼琳对 太空充满热情，在一项全国性的给宇航员写信的活动中，她写的信 得到了神舟十四号宇航员陈冬的回信，这给了她极大的鼓舞。
5. A. doubt B. puzzle
C. happiness D. curiosity
解析：　根据空后可知，指好奇信中写了什么。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述15岁的香港学生陈曼琳对
太空充满热情，在一项全国性的给宇航员写信的活动中，她写的信
得到了神舟十四号宇航员陈冬的回信，这给了她极大的鼓舞。
√
6. A. worried B. surprised
C. overjoyed D. disappointed
解析：　根据文章首句可知，此处呼应excitement，表示陈曼琳欣喜 若狂。
7. A. editors B. scientists
C. leaders D. astronauts
解析：根据上文可知，她的笔友在天宫空间站，应是一位宇航员。
√
√
8. A. detailed B. marked
C. enjoyed D. analysed
解析：　根据空后可知，她详细描述了她计划中的每一刻。
9. A. luckily B. strangely
C. gradually D. temporarily
解析：　根据空后可知，此处指逐渐了解宇航员和国家航空航天发 展计划。
10. A. travel B. space C. study D. science
解析：　根据上文可知，她对太空充满热情。
√
√
√
11. A. desire B. excitement
C. confusion D. discouragement
解析：　空处和doubts并列，应是表达负面情绪；结合下文陈冬 在回信中提到“人生并不总是晴天”可知，她写了自己遇到的挫 折和沮丧。
12. A. warmly B. casually
C. impatiently D. surprisingly
解析：　根据上文A three-page letter of reply arrived in a month.可 知，回信长达三页纸，说明陈冬热情地回应了她。
√
√
13. A. light B. limited
C. unbearable D. controllable
解析：　根据下文It felt like my internal organs were being “displaced”可知，此处指承受“难以忍受”的压力。
14. A. habit B. training
C. disabilities D. behavior
解析：　根据上文he recalled how he became an astronaut可知，此处 指经历了六年的艰苦训练。
√
√
15. A. lived B. stood
C. struggled D. qualified
解析：　根据上文提到他经过六年的强化训练可知，他最终成为宇 航员，应是有资格执行太空任务。
16. A. dream B. skill
C. strength D. knowledge
解析：　根据下文that kept him going when he was feeling tired and lost可知，是梦想让他在疲倦和迷茫时坚持下去。
√
√
17. A. sky B. sea C. journey D. research
解析：　根据下文which comes with different weather.It is not all sunny days.可知，有不同天气的应是天空。
18. A. changes B. failures
C. accidents D. difficulties
解析：　上文提到生活并不总是晴天，此处指生活中的困难。
√
√
19. A. hated B. determined
C. hesitated D. attempted
解析：　根据下文hopes she can contribute to China’s aerospace development可知，她决定成为一名研究人员。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　（2025·安徽安庆二模）Liuchi Alley， located in Tongcheng， Anhui Province， is a place with great historical and 20. 　 　 （culture） significance. The alley， which is only 2 meters wide，21. 　　 （name） after the combination of the number six and the character “chi” at that time. In the early Qing Dynasty， it was the dividing line between two powerful families， the Zhangs and the Wus. They had a conflict over the property boundary and the right 22. 　 　 （build） a wall.
After the negotiation failed， the Zhangs asked for help from Zhang Ying， a respected member of their family 23. position in the emperor’s court was trusted. Zhang Ying， instead of standing up 24. 　　 his own family， advised them to retreat 1 meter.
25. 　　（motivate） by his wisdom， both families agreed， and thus the alley was formed.
　　Today， Liuchi Alley still reminds us of the importance of peaceful ways to solve conflicts. The local government employees 26. 　　 （make） great efforts to restore the area to attract more visitors so far. For ordinary people， it teaches them how to get along with others， 27. 　　 for authorities， it is a guideline for officials.
　　Liuchi Alley is not only a physical place but also a source of 28. 　　 （inspire） and education. It shows that even in difficult situations，people can choose to solve conflicts 29. 　　 （wise）. The story of Liuchi Alley will keep uplifting future generations.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了安徽桐城六尺巷的 历史由来及其文化意义，以及它对当今社会在解决冲突和人际交往 方面的启示。
20. cultural　考查词形转换。此处修饰名词 significance，应用形容词 作定语。
21. was named　考查动词的时态和语态。主语 The alley 与 name 之间 是被动关系，描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态。
22. to build　考查非谓语动词。have the right to do sth 是固定搭配，意 为 “有做某事的权利”。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了安徽桐城六尺巷的
历史由来及其文化意义，以及它对当今社会在解决冲突和人际交往
方面的启示。
23. whose　考查定语从句。此处是一个定语从句，先行词是 Zhang Ying，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰 position。
24. for/with　考查介词。stand up for/with意为 “支持”。
25. Motivated　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，motivate 与句 子主语 both families 之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，首字母 大写。
26. have made　考查动词的时态。根据时间状语 so far 可知，此处应 用现在完成时，主语 employees 是复数。
27. and/while　考查连词。根据语境可知，前后句之间是并列或对比 关系。
28. inspiration　考查词形转换。根据空前的介词 of 可知，此处应用 名词作宾语。
29. wisely　考查词形转换。此处修饰动词 solve，应用副词。

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