资源简介

(共146张PPT)
主题概述
本主题探讨人类与自然环境在不同发展阶段中的相互关系、影响机制与协调发展模式，涵盖培养环保意识、掌握可持续发展策略以及树立生态文明理念等核心内容，旨在帮助学生激发内在环保责任感，提升环境保护实践能力，培养适应绿色发展需要的生态文明意识和可持续发展精神，引领学生关注国土安全、强化国土意识
主题单词
子话题1　环境问题
1. issue n.问题；议题；（报刊）期，号；发行 v.发表；发布；出版
2. acid rain 酸雨
3. carbon n.碳；复写纸
4. carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
5. deforestation n.滥伐森林
6. desertification n.沙漠化
7. smog n.雾霾
8. pollute v.污染
pollution n.污染
pollutant n.污染物
9. greenhouse effect 温室效应
10. over-exploitation 过度开发
11. endangered species 濒危物种
12. species n.物种
13. litter n.废弃物，垃圾；杂乱的一堆； v.使凌乱；乱扔
14. bin n.垃圾桶；箱子
15. burst n.爆发
子话题2　环境保护与行动
1. eco-friendly adj.生态友好的；环保的
2. low-carbon adj.低碳的
3. recycle v.回收利用
recyclable adj.可回收的
4. beautify v.美化，打扮
beauty n.美；美丽
beautiful adj.美丽的；美好的；出色的
5. regulate v.管控；调节
6. sort n.种类 v.分类
7. restore v.恢复；修复
restoration n.恢复
8. protest n.& v.抗议；反对
9. license vt.同意；发许可证 n.执照，许可证；特许
10. astonish v.使惊讶， 使吃惊
astonishing adj.令人吃惊的
astonished adj.感到吃惊的
astonishment n.惊讶
11. consequence n.结果；后果；重要性
consequent adj.随之发生的；由……而起的
子话题3　生态系统与生物多样性
（一）生态系统
1. ecology n.生态学
ecological adj.生态的
2. ecosystem n.生态系统
3. habitat n.栖息地
4. biodiversity n.生物多样性
5. population n.人口； 种群
6. chain n.链；连锁
7. food chain 食物链
8. cycle n.循环
9. evolve v.进化
evolution n.进化
10. bacteria n.细菌
11. migrate v.迁徙，迁移
migration n.迁徙
（二）动物
1. creature n.生物；动物
2. dinosaur n.恐龙
3. insect n.昆虫
4. reptile n.爬行动物
5. mammal n.哺乳动物
6. wildlife n.野生动物
7. hunt v.打猎；搜寻；追踪
8. camel n.骆驼
9. rabbit n.兔子
10. panda n.熊猫；猫熊
11. frog n.青蛙
12. ant n.蚂蚁
13. cattle n.牛
14. tiger n.老虎
15. deer n.鹿
16. eagle n.雕；鹰
17. pet n.宠物
18. dragon n.龙
19. duck n.（母）鸭
20. shark n.鲨鱼
21. giraffe n.长颈鹿
22. kangaroo n.袋鼠
23. dolphin n.海豚
24. whale n.鲸
25. lamb n.羔羊，小羊
26. butterfly n.蝴蝶
27. penguin n.企鹅
28. bark n.吠声；树皮 v.（犬）吠；吼叫
29. hatch v.孵出，破壳 n.舱口，舱门；小窗口
30. tail n.尾（巴），尾部 v.跟踪，尾随
31. wing n.翅膀，翼（鸟、昆虫等）；机翼（飞机）
32. nest n.巢；安乐窝；窝点 v.筑巢
33. marine adj.海洋的
34. livestock n.牲畜
35. shell n.壳，贝壳；外壳
（三）植物
1. weed n.杂草；水草；烟草； v.给……除杂草
2. herb n.药草
3. leaf n.叶子
4. seed n.种子；籽v.结籽；（种子）繁殖；在……播种
5. sow vt.& vi.播（种），播种于 vt.灌输；激起；散布
6. tobacco n.烟草；烟叶；卷烟；纸烟
7. trunk n.树干；象鼻；大箱子；躯干
8. branch n.树枝；分支；分支机构； v.分岔；岔开
9. stick n.枯枝；棒（状物） v.刺，戳；粘贴；附着在
10. cotton n.棉花
11. harvest n.收获；收成vi.& vt.收割（庄稼）； 捕猎（动物、鱼）
主题短语
1. protect ...from ... 保护……免受……
2. run out of 用完，耗尽
3. take action 采取行动
4. turn off 关闭
5. pick up 捡起；收拾
6. die out 灭绝
7. clean up 清理
8. in harmony with 与……和谐相处
9. at risk 处于危险中
11. in response to 响应，回应
12. be concerned about 关心，担心
13. be responsible for 对……负责
14. be aware of 意识到
10. by means of 通过……方式
主题语块
1. environmental protection 环境保护
2. climate change 气候变化
3. global warming 全球变暖
4. sustainable development 可持续发展
5. renewable energy 可再生能源
6. ecosystem balance 生态平衡
7. biodiversity conservation 生物多样性保护
8. natural resources 自然资源
9. endangered species 濒危物种
10. environmental awareness 环保意识
主题佳句
高考必背写作佳句
1. 句型公式：倍数关系表达法
With an area of around 6 million square kilometres，the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.
亚马孙雨林面积约600万平方千米，相当于中国面积的一半以上。
2. 句型公式：not until的强调句型：It is/was not until＋被强调部分 ＋that ...
However， it was not until the 1970s that Tu succeeded in discovering qinghaosu，after many failed experiments.
然而，直到20世纪70年代，屠呦呦经过多次失败的实验，才成功地发 现了青蒿素。
基础知识巩固集训（一）　默写训练
Ⅰ.单词默写
1. n.碳；复写纸
2. n.物种
3. n.栖息地
4. n.生物；动物
5. v.孵出，破壳 n.舱口，舱门；小窗口
6. n.野生动物
7. v.打猎；搜寻；追踪
8. n.翅膀，翼（鸟、昆虫等）；机翼（飞机）
carbon　
species　
habitat　
creature　
hatch　
wildlife　
hunt　
wing　
9. n.巢；安乐窝；窝点 v.筑巢
10. n.杂草；水草；烟草 v.给……除杂草
11. n.树干；象鼻；大箱子；躯干
12. n.树枝；分支；分支机构 v.分岔；岔开
13. n.枯枝；棒（状物） v.刺，戳；粘贴；附着在
14. n.收获；收成 vi.& vt.收割（庄稼）；捕猎（动物、鱼）
15. n.滥伐森林
16. n.雾霾
17. 过度开发
nest　
weed　
trunk　
branch　
stick　
harvest　
deforestation　
smog　
over-exploitation　
18. adj.低碳的
19. n.生态系统
20. n.生物多样性
21. n.恐龙
22. n.昆虫
23. n.哺乳动物
24. n.熊猫；猫熊
25. n.长颈鹿
low-carbon　
ecosystem　
biodiversity　
dinosaur　
insect　
mammal　
panda　
giraffe　
28. n.药草
29. n.细菌
30. n.牲畜
26. n.鲸
27. adj.海洋的
whale　
marine　
herb　
bacteria　
livestock　
Ⅱ.派生单词默写
1. pollute v.污染
n.污染
n.污染物
2. beautify v.美化，打扮
n.美；美丽
adj.美丽的；美好的；出色的
pollution　
pollutant　
beauty　
beautiful　
3. astonish v.使惊讶， 使吃惊
adj.令人吃惊的
adj.感到吃惊的
n.惊讶
4. migrate v.迁徙，迁移
n.迁徙
astonishing　
astonished　
astonishment　
migration　
Ⅲ.短语/语块默写
1. 　用完，耗尽
2. 　灭绝
3. 　捡起；收拾
4. 　清理
5. 　处于危险中
6. 　响应，回应
7. 　关心，担心
8. 　意识到
9. 　气候变化
10. 　全球变暖
11. 　可持续发展
run out of　
die out　
pick up　
clean up　
at risk　
in response to　
be concerned about　
be aware of　
climate change　
global warming　
sustainable development　
Ⅳ.主题佳句默写
1. With an area of around 6 million square kilometres， the Amazon rainforest is .
亚马孙雨林面积约600万平方千米，相当于中国面积的一半以上。
2. However， Tu succeeded in discovering qinghaosu，after many failed experiments.
然而，直到20世纪70年代，屠呦呦经过多次失败的实验，才成功地发 现了青蒿素。
more than half the size of China　
it was not until the 1970s that　
基础知识巩固集训（二）　语境运用
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. The （问题） of firefighters’ safety training has become a public concern after the recent warehouse fire.
2. Visitors are reminded not to （乱扔） in the national park to protect the natural environment.
3. The government plans to （管控） carbon emissions from heavy industries more strictly next year.
issue　
litter　
regulate　
4. Environmental activists organized a peaceful （抗议） against the construction of the new chemical plant.
5. Companies need to obtain a special （许可证） before they can discharge wastewater into rivers.
6. The food （链） in this ecosystem has been seriously disrupted by plastic pollution in the ocean.
protest　
license　
chain　
Ⅱ.用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. We should separate （recycle） materials from regular trash to reduce environmental pollution.
2. The （restore） of the wetland habitat took three years and involved many environmental scientists.
3. The （consequence） rise in sea levels has forced many coastal communities to relocate.
4. Scientists are studying the （ecology） impact of plastic pollution on marine life.
5. Climate change has accelerated the （evolve） of certain plant species in arctic regions.
recyclable　
restoration　
consequent　
ecological　
evolution　
Ⅲ.完成句子
1. We must illegal deforestation and serious industrial pollution damage.
我们必须保护珍贵的热带雨林免受非法砍伐和工业污染的严重破坏。
2. Governments worldwide should to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
世界各国政府应该立即采取行动来大幅减少温室气体排放量。
3. Modern human society should beautiful natural environments.
现代人类社会应该努力学会与美丽的自然环境和谐共处。
protect precious tropical rainforests from　
take immediate action　
try to learn to live in harmony with　
by means of actively using clean
renewable energy　
Global environmental protection is an important responsibility and
obligation　
sort n.种类 v.分类
练通 单句语法填空
①We need to sort the logistical problems before we can launch the city-wide clean-up campaign.
②Volunteers help to sort the collected waste different categories for recycling.
out　
into　
help us sort through the diverse and
colorful events　
用法
sort out 　 整理；解决
sort through 　　筛选；整理
sort ...into ...　　把……分成……
all sorts of 　　各种各样的
sort by　　排序方式
out of sorts　　心情不佳；身体不适
佳句 As I watched him sort through the old family photos， I saw the profound loneliness he was trying to hide.当我看着他整理那些家庭旧照 片时，我看到了他试图隐藏的深深的孤独。
restore v.恢复；修复→restoration n.恢复
练通 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The （restore） of the ancient forest is a long-term project requiring patience and scientific effort.
②It took the community years its original clear state.
社区花了数年时间才将河流恢复到原来清澈的状态。
restoration　
to restore the river to　
写美 微写作
③I am writing regarding the article on Canadian sports. （2025·全国二卷）
我写信给您，希望能恢复我们之间关于加拿大体育那篇文章的沟通。
to you with the hope of restoring our communication　
用法
restore ...to ...　　 把……恢复到……
restore to health 　　恢复健康
restore order 　　恢复秩序
restore confidence 　　恢复信心
佳句 This project aims to restore the local coral reefs， which are vital for marine life and coastal protection.
这个项目旨在修复当地的珊瑚礁，这对海洋生物和海岸保护至关 重要。
积累
restore the ecological balance 恢复生态平衡
restore natural habitats 恢复自然栖息地
ecosystem restoration 生态系统恢复
protest n.& v.抗议；反对
练通 单句语法填空
①Environmental activists gathered to protest single-use plastics and plastic pollution.
②Despite strong （protest） from the public， the company continued its deforestation activities.
③The article sparked storm of protest from readers who were concerned about animal welfare.
against　
protests　
a　
写美 微写作
④While some may ， I believe its charm lies in its universal appeal and fun. （2025·全国一卷）
虽然有些人可能会反对说这个话题太简单，但我相信它的魅力在于其 普遍的吸引力和趣味性。
protest that this topic is too simple　
用法
protest against　　 抗议反对
in protest 　　以示抗议
without protest 　　毫无异议地
a storm of protest 　　一片抗议声
佳句 Every cell of my body protested against the cold， heavy silence that had settled between my brother and me. （心理描写）
我身体的每一个细胞都在抗议着笼罩在我与哥哥之间的冰冷而沉重的 沉默。
积累
peaceful protest 和平抗议
environmental protest 环保抗议
protest against pollution 抗议污染
astonish v.使惊讶，使吃惊→astonishing adj.令人吃惊的 →astonished adj.感到吃惊的→astonishment n.惊讶
练通 单句语法填空
①The （astonish） variety of species in the Amazon rainforest is beyond imagination.
②Scientists were （astonish） to find a new species of fish in the deep sea.
③It is （astonish） how quickly a small community effort can make a big difference to the local environment.
astonishing　
astonished　
astonishing　
写美 微写作
④ ， when he opened the door， his face broke into a warm， forgiving smile. （2025·全国一卷）
令我万分惊讶的是，当他打开门时，他的脸上绽放出温暖而宽容 的微笑。
To my utter astonishment　
用法
to one’s astonishment　 令某人惊讶的是
in astonishment 　　看起来很惊讶
be astonished at/by 　　对……感到惊讶
佳句 ①The article could describe the astonishing natural beauty of Canada’s national parks and the wildlife within them.
这篇文章可以描绘加拿大国家公园令人惊叹的自然美景及其中的野生 动物。
②What astonished me was not his willingness to forgive， but the immediate relief that flooded his tired eyes. （心理描写）
让我惊讶的不是他愿意原谅，而是他疲惫的双眼中瞬间涌出的释然。
consequence n.结果；后果；重要性→consequent adj.随之发生的； 由……而起的
练通 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Deforestation has disastrous （consequent） for the global climate.
② a consequence of rising sea levels， many coastal habitats are now under threat.
③We must of our actions on the environment.
我们必须考虑我们的行动对环境的长期影响。
consequences　
As　
consider the long-term consequences　
写美 微写作
④I finally ： a deep rift between me and the person who needed me most.（2025·全国一卷）
我终于明白了我的骄傲所带来的痛苦后果：在我与最需要我的人之间 造成了深深的裂痕。
understood the painful consequence of my pride　
用法
as a consequence　　 结果；因此
as a consequence of　　因为；由于
in consequence 　　因此；结果
of little/no consequence 　　不重要的
face the consequences 　　承担后果
佳句 ①The article should highlight the severe consequences of plastic pollution on marine animals and ecosystems.（生态保护）
文章应强调塑料污染对海洋动物和生态系统造成的严重后果。
②The silence in the following days was a direct consequence of my thoughtless words at the party.
接下来几天的沉默是我在聚会上不经思考的话语所造成的直接后果。
积累
serious consequences 严重后果
environmental consequences 环境后果
long-term consequences 长期后果
stick n.枯枝，棒（状物） v.刺，戳；粘贴；附着在
练通 单句语法填空
①We should stick our plan of reducing plastic use in our daily lives.
②The mud （stick） to his boots as he walked through the newly restored wetland.
③If we stick these environmentally friendly habits， we can make a real difference.
to　
stuck　
with　
写美 微写作
④I suggest we because it is more inclusive and encourages sharing. （2025·全国一卷）
我建议我们坚持“我们学校的趣事”这个想法，因为它更具包容性并 鼓励分享。
stick with the “Fun at my school” idea　
用法
stick to 　 坚持；遵守
stick with 　　坚持使用；继续支持
stick out 　　伸出；突出
stick together 　　团结一致
佳句 To achieve our environmental goals， it is crucial that every member of the community sticks to the recycling guidelines.为了实现我们的环保 目标，社区的每一位成员都遵守回收指南是至关重要的。
积累
stick to the principles 坚持原则
stick to a green lifestyle 坚持绿色生活方式
stick with a commitment 坚守承诺
stick in one’s mind 铭记在心
at risk 处于危险中
练通 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Many endangered species are risk of extinction due to habitat loss.
② first glance， the forest seemed healthy， but many trees were suffering from disease.
③ ， we must increase public awareness of the importance of biodiversity.
无论如何，我们必须提高公众对生物多样性的重要性的认识。
at　
At　
At any rate　
at
risk of being lost　
用法
at random 　　　　随机地
at ease 　　轻松；舒适
at length 　　详细地；最终
at first glance 　　乍一看
at any rate 　　无论如何；至少
佳句 The article could focus on sports that are at risk due to climate change， like winter sports depending on snow.这篇文章可以聚焦于那 些因气候变化而处于危险中的运动，比如依赖雪的冬季运动。
积累
species at risk 处于危险中的物种
ecosystem at risk 处于危险中的生态系统
put sth at risk 将某物置于危险之中
at risk of disappearing 有消失的危险
写作靓词——读后续写小妙招
consume vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗；使充满（强烈的感情）
佳句背诵
①Consumed with curiosity about the old house， the children tiptoed up the creaky stairs. Their eyes were wide with anticipation， and their hearts pounded with excitement. （心理描写）
孩子们对那座古老的房子充满好奇，蹑手蹑脚地走上嘎吱作响的楼 梯。他们满怀期待，眼睛睁得大大的，心激动得怦怦直跳。
Excitement consumed him/He was consumed with
excitement　
敲黑板
be consumed with　　充满（某种情绪或念头）
写作佳句——应用文写作与读后续写佳句仿写
句型公式：倍数关系表达法
点拨 倍数表达法的几种方法：
（1）倍数＋as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as ...；这种结构又演变为下列 两类：
①倍数＋as＋many＋可数名词复数＋as
②倍数＋as＋much＋不可数名词＋as
（2）倍数＋形容词/副词的比较级＋than ...
（3）倍数＋the＋名词（size/length/height/depth/width ...）＋of ...
（4）倍数＋what从句
背诵 The carbon emission from factories is three times as much as that from transportation. （环境污染）
工厂的碳排放量是交通运输碳排放量的三倍。
twice as serious as it was ten years
ago　
is four times larger than last year　
句型公式：not until的强调句型：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋ that ...
点拨 not until的强调句型结构用来强调时间状语。
背诵 It was not until the environmental crisis became severe that people began to take action. （环境危机）
直到环境危机变得严重，人们才开始采取行动。
仿写
①直到看到海洋中的塑料垃圾，我们才意识到污染的严重性。
we realized the severity of pollution.
②直到气候变化影响到农作物产量，农民们才开始采用可持续的农业 方法。
farmers began to adopt sustainable farming methods.
It was not until we saw plastic waste in the ocean that　
It was not until climate change affected crop yields that　
Ⅰ.多义词汇
赏句猜义，选出加蓝单词的正确意思
1. issue
A. n.问题；议题　　　　 B. n.（报刊的）期，号
C. v.发表；发布；颁布　 D. v.发行；配发
①Climate change is a critical issue that requires global cooperation.
A　
②The government will issue a statement regarding the new policy tomorrow.
③Have you read the article in the latest issue of Science Today？
④The office will issue new security passes to all staff members.
C　
B　
D　
A. n.问题；议题　　　　 B. n.（报刊的）期，号
C. v.发表；发布；颁布　 D. v.发行；配发
2. hatch
A. v.孵出，破壳　 B. v.策划；密谋 C. n.舱口，舱门；小窗口
①We watched the baby chicks hatch one by one from their eggs.
②The sailor climbed through the hatch onto the deck of the ship.
③The conspirators were caught while they were hatching a plot to overthrow the king.
A　
C　
B　
3. branch
A. n.树枝　 B. n.分支；分支机构 C. v.分岔；岔开
①The bank has opened a new branch in the city center.
②The trail branches into two separate paths about a mile ahead.
③A bird was building its nest on a high branch of the tree.
B　
C　
A　
4. harvest
A. n.收获；收成　 B. n.成果　 C. v.收割（庄稼）
①The book is the rich harvest of his years of study and travel.
②The farmers are expecting a good harvest this year due to the favorable weather.
③This machine has greatly improved the efficiency of harvesting corn.
B　
A　
C　
Ⅱ.构词法
构词法 后缀-able/-ible：表示“能……，可……”
写出下列句中蓝体词的词性和词义
1. （2025·全国一卷）One long-term option for sustainable fuel for planes is to make hydrocarbons from recycled air.
2. This fabric is durable and will last for many years without wearing.
adj.可持续的　
adj.耐用的　
3. Ocean water is not drinkable without special treatment to remove the salt.
4. The broken window is repairable and doesn’t need complete replacement right now.
5. These shoes are affordable and perfect for students on tight budgets today.
6. The movie’s plot was barely comprehensible due to confusing time jumps throughout.
adj.可饮用的　
adj.可修理的　
adj.负担得起的　
adj.可理解的　
应用文写作（倡议书——保护生态环境）
　　根据提示，用本主题词汇和句式完成下面的写作。
　　假定你是学生会主席李华，请你根据当前的环境问题，写一则倡 议书，号召全体同学行动起来，保护我们的校园和地球。内容包括： （1）指出问题的严重性；（2）提出具体的行动建议；（3）呼吁大 家共同努力。
注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）可以适当增加细节，以使 行文连贯。
完成作文
Dear fellow students，
　　Our beautiful campus and planet 1. （处于危险中） due to severe environmental problems. So I’d like to call on all of you to take immediate action to protect environment.
are at risk　
as a consequence　
It was not until we saw the
shocking images of plastic-filled oceans that　
protesting against industrial pollution　
sorting waste for recycling　
　　Let’s act now.Together， we can make a significant difference for a better future.
The Students Union
stick to these green practices　
to restore our
campus to its original beauty　
学会构思
首段——开篇点题
指出当前环境正处于危险之中，点明写作意图，即号召大家保护环境。
中段——展开论述
①分析问题；
②提出建议；
③阐明目标。
尾段——总结重申
再次发出行动呼吁，并表达对共同创造美好未来的期望。
读后续写[回到童年时的森林＋动作细节描写：哭泣（一）]
（一）语料积累——动作细节描写：哭泣（一）
单 词 1.cry v.哭泣　　
2.sob v.呜咽，啜泣　　
3.weep v.（通常因悲伤）哭泣，流泪　　
4.choke v.哽咽
语 块 1.cry softly 轻声哭泣
2.weep silently 无声流泪
3.sob uncontrollably 无法控制地抽泣
4.cry one’s eyes/heart out 某人痛哭流涕
5.burst into tears/burst out crying 放声大哭
6.with tears welling up in one’s eyes 某人泪水夺眶而出
7.be wet with tears/be in tears 泪流满面
8.with tears rolling/running/streaming/pouring down one’s cheeks 某人的眼泪从脸颊上滚落下来
佳 句 1.Upon hearing that her pet dog had died， the little girl couldn’t help but cry softly.
听到宠物狗去世的消息，小女孩忍不住轻声哭泣起来。
2.Thinking of his deceased grandmother， his voice choked with emotion as he spoke.
想到逝去的祖母，他的声音因哽咽而颤抖。
3.She stood on the stage， unable to speak with excitement， with tears of joy rolling down her cheeks.
她站在舞台上，激动得说不出话来，喜悦的泪水从脸颊上滚落下来。
（二）学以致用——完成续写语段
　　根据提示，用本主题词汇和以上续写语料完成下面的写作。
　　前情介绍：“我”回到童年时常去的森林，却发现那里已经被夷 为平地。
in astonishment　
With tears welling up in my eyes　
sob
uncontrollably　
my face was wet
with tears　
It was not until I saw the scene on
the spot that I truly understood the seriousness of the loss　
学会构思
回到童年时常去的森林
↓
惊愕地看到森林被毁
↓
泪水涌上眼眶
↓
无法控制地抽泣，泪流满面
↓
直到亲眼看到才明白
损失的严重性
阅读理解
A
〔环境保护——未来绿色燃料路径〕
　　（2025·全国一卷）
　　The greening of planes， trains and automobiles
　　Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions （排放）.As the world races to decarbonize everything， it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions.Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.
　　The fuels for transport need to be not just green， cheap and powerful， but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around.Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled， but here are some of the solutions to get us going green.
　　This energy transition （变革） is global， and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing，” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050.Fortunately， analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task.“We need to speed up the development of green energy， and it will all get used，” says Wipke.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章探讨交通运输领域的碳排放问 题及绿色转型方案。
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章探讨交通运输领域的碳排放问
题及绿色转型方案。
1. What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018？（　　）
A. 11.6％. B. 45.1％.
C. 74.5％. D. 86.1％.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一张图中的ROAD （PASSENGER） 45.1％和ROAD （GOODS） 29.4％可知，公路车辆在全球交通排放 中的总占比：45.1％＋29.4％＝74.5％。
√
2. Which mode of transport can go green comparatively easily？（　　）
A. Planes. B. Trucks.
C. Trains. D. Ships.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二张图中TRAINS—Electricity部分可 知，火车使用电能作为能源，一些火车已经实现了电气化，其他火车 可以通过非常简单的方式实现电气化。相对图中描述的飞机、卡车和 轮船的燃料转型，火车绿色转型更简单。
√
3. What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition？（　　）
A. Limiting fuel consumption.
B. Putting more effort into renewables.
C. Improving energy efficiency.
D. Making electricity more affordable.
解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段末句可知，Wipke认为需要加 快绿色能源的发展，绿色能源将全部投入使用。B项（加大对可再生 能源的投入）与文意相符。
√
B
〔环境保护——减少自来水中微塑料污染〕
　　（2025·全国一卷）Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth — they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas， stuck inside volcanic rocks， filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow.They are even appearing inside humans.
　　Now， new research suggests that a simple， cheap measure may significantly reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap （水 龙头）：boiling and filtering （过滤） it.In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters， researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes — then filtering it after it cools — could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics.
　　Crucially， this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate （碳酸钙） to trap the plastics.In the study， boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics.But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate， boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent.Additionally， the research didn’t include all types of plastics.The team focused only on three common types — polystyrene， polyethylene and polypropylene — and they didn’t study other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride.
　　Still， the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure — a task that’s becoming increasingly difficult.Even bottled water， scientists found earlier this year， contains 10 to 1，000 times more microplastics than originally thought.
　　Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are — but what they do know has raised concerns.The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit intake.“The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice，” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay， an environmental engineer at
the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research， tells New Scientist.“We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章指出了微塑料的普遍性，并介 绍了中国研究人员的新发现：煮沸并过滤自来水可去除水中的微塑 料（效果取决于水的硬度）。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章指出了微塑料的普遍性，并介
绍了中国研究人员的新发现：煮沸并过滤自来水可去除水中的微塑
料（效果取决于水的硬度）。
4. How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph？（　　）
A. By quoting an expert.
B. By defining a concept.
C. By giving examples.
D. By providing statistics.
解析：　推理判断题。第一段中作者通过列举微塑料在深海、喜马 拉雅山脉、火山岩石、海鸟胃里和南极洲下的雪中的存在，来呈现微 塑料污染问题。由此推断，作者是通过举例子的方式来呈现问题的。
√
5. What determines the effectiveness of trapping microplastics in water？ （　　）
A. The hardness of water.
B. The length of cooling time.
C. The frequency of filtering.
D. The type of plastic in water.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，水的硬度决定了聚 集水中微塑料的效果。下文进行了补充说明。因此，水的硬度是影响 聚集微塑料效果的关键因素。
√
6. What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning bottled water in paragraph 4？（　　）
A. The importance of plastic recycling.
B. The severity of the microplastic problem.
C. The danger in overusing pure water.
D. The difficulty in treating polluted water.
√
解析：　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，减少微塑料接触这项任务 正变得愈发艰巨，即使是瓶装水，其微塑料含量也比最初认为的高出 10至1，000倍。由此推断，作者试图通过提到瓶装水来强调微塑料问 题的严重性。
7. What is Gauchotte-Lindsay’s suggestion about？（　　）
A. Choice of new research methods.
B. Possible direction for further study.
C. Need to involve more researchers.
D. Potential application of the findings.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，我们应该考虑 升级饮用水处理厂，使其能够去除微塑料。由此推断，Gauchotte- Lindsay的建议与研究结果的潜在应用有关。
√
〔词汇积累〕
阅读 理解 A
emission n.排放
decarbonize v.脱碳（派生词：de-＋carbonize）
breakdown n.分解，细分（合成词：break＋down）
sustainable adj.可持续的（派生词：sustain＋-able）
electrify v.电气化
ignite v.点燃
transition n.转变，变革
阅读 理解 renewable adj.可再生的（派生词：renew＋-able）
mind-blowing adj.令人震惊的（合成词：mind＋blowing）
account for 占……比例，解释
race to 竞相做
plug into 接入，连接
be up to the task 能够胜任这项任务
speed up 加速
阅读 理解 B
microplastic n.微塑料（派生词：micro-＋plastic）
settle v.定居→v.沉积（文章义）
filter v.&n.过滤
trap v.捕获，困住
intake n.摄入量（合成词：in＋take）
upgrade v.升级（派生词：up-＋grade）
significantly adv.显著地（派生词：significant＋-ly）
阅读 理解 calcium carbonate 碳酸钙
raise concerns 引起担忧
be involved in 参与
look into 调查，研究
　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2026·杭州质检）Plastic and cheap clothes are not a glorious legacy. But a scientist exploring which items from our technological civilisation are most likely to survive for many millions of years as fossils has reached an ironic and instructive conclusion： Plastic and fast fashion will be our everlasting geological signature.
　　“Plastic will definitely be a signature ‘technofossil’， because it is incredibly durable. We are making massive amounts of it， and it gets around the entire globe，” says Sarah Gabbott， a University of Leicester expert on fossils.“So wherever those future civilisations dig， they are going to find plastic.”
　　Clothes will also make an abrupt entry into humanity’s fossil record. Today， the world’s growing population often wears mass- produced synthetic （合成的） clothing that is rapidly dumped and it is not as easily rotted as cotton and silk.
　　“We are making it in ridiculous amounts，” says Gabbott.“We stick it into landfills （废物填埋场）， which are like giant mummification tombs. It is already clear that much of modern fashion will end up being truly timeless.”
　　Fossils are not just objects left behind， but also the traces of life’s activity written into the rocks. Human activities， such as oil drilling and nuclear tests， will leave lasting scars. Humankind has also created many near-indestructible chemicals， such as dioxins and DDT. Given that
similar molecules produced by bacteria have been found in rocks that are 1，600M years old in Western Australia， these chemicals appear to be here to stay.“And there is the graphite （石墨） used in pencils，” says Gabbott.“It is endearing to think that it may be the drawings of children that may survive best of all： a pencil portrait， perhaps， of a family outside a house， with the sun shining and a rainbow arcing across the sky.”
　　“The big message here is that the amount of stuff we are now making is eye-watering — it’s off the scale，” says Gabbott. All of the stuff made by humans by 1950 was a small part of all the matter on Earth. But today it outweighs all plants and animals. “This raises serious questions for us all，” she says. “Do you need that？ Do you really need to buy more？”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了塑料和快时尚等人 类大量制造且耐用的物品将成为人类在地质历史上永恒的标志，这 引发了人们对消费行为的思考。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了塑料和快时尚等人
类大量制造且耐用的物品将成为人类在地质历史上永恒的标志，这
引发了人们对消费行为的思考。
1. What does the author think of the legacy mentioned in paragraph 1？ （　　）
A. Troubling.
B. Short-lived.
C. Technologically weak.
D. Environmentally harmless.
√
解析：　观点态度题。根据第一段中的Plastic and cheap clothes are not a glorious legacy.可知，作者认为塑料和廉价衣服并非光彩的遗 产；再结合下文讲述的塑料和被快速丢弃的合成衣物对环境的影响可 推知，作者觉得这些遗产是令人担忧的。
2. What can be categorized as technofossils？（　　）
A. Dinosaur bones. B. Cotton clothing.
C. Nuclear waste. D. Solid landfills.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句以及第五段第二句可知， 技术化石是人类技术产生的且能长久留存的物质，核废料是人类核活 动产生且难以消失的，可归类为技术化石。
√
3. Why is “the drawings of children” mentioned in paragraph 5？ （　　）
A. To highlight human creativity.
B. To celebrate modern technology.
C. To stress that warmth of life is here to stay.
D. To indicate that chemicals could be fossilized.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，该段提到人类制造了 许多几乎不可摧毁的化学物质，像石墨这样的化学物质可以被石化， 被留存很久。
√
4. What is Gabbott’s primary concern？（　　）
A. Biodiversity loss.
B. Geological record accuracy.
C. Technological progress.
D. Overproduction of material goods.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段中 Gabbott 说的话可知， Gabbott强调人类现在制造的物质数量惨不忍睹，已经离谱了，并对人 们的消费需求提出质疑。所以她主要关心的是物质产品的过度生产。
√
B
　　（2026·武汉调研考试）Heidi Tait， co-founder of Tangaroa Blue Foundation， an organization committed to beach cleaning， was puzzled when she and her teammates started finding strange tire-shaped capsules washed ashore along the Cape York coast， near Australia’s northeastern tip. But Tait eventually connected with Satlink — a Spanish satellite communications company. Satlink’s CPS-enabled buoys （浮标）， the ones the beach cleaners kept finding， help commercial fishers track their nets， lines etc.Tait had a brainwave that would see the buoys not just recycled but reused.
　　For more than a decade， boat crews working farther west， in Australia’s Gulf of Carpentaria， had been telling Tait about how abandoned fishing nets were circling the gulf， hurting sea creatures. These so-called ghost （幽灵） nets had either broken free from commercial fishing boats and gotten lost， or were cut loose by fishers after getting caught on rocks. Weighing a few tonnes each， the nets that boat crews had chanced upon in the gulf were often too big for them to pull out of the water. They’d typically report the finds to the authorities， but by the time anyone with an appropriately equipped boat could head out to get one， the mass of messy rope had often gone from sight.
　　However， once one of the GPS-enabled buoys is attached， it sends its location every few hours to a website， which lets Tangaroa Blue Foundation monitor the nets’ movements and warns the organization of danger. So far， the reused GPS trackers have helped Tangaroa Blue Foundation recover three ghost nets from Australian waters.
　　Tangaroa Blue Foundation’s idea to track ghost nets isn’t entirely new； researchers with the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation （CSIRO）， Australia’s national science agency， suggested it a decade ago. Taking the idea on board， the
authorities tried using battery-powered trackers to monitor a few ghost nets. Tangaroa Blue Foundation’s approach differs in that its recycled buoys are solar-powered and require less upkeep.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。Tangaroa Blue Foundation组织将原本 被冲到岸上的带有全球定位系统功能的浮标回收再利用，用其来追 踪幽灵渔网，从而保护海洋生物。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。Tangaroa Blue Foundation组织将原本
被冲到岸上的带有全球定位系统功能的浮标回收再利用，用其来追
踪幽灵渔网，从而保护海洋生物。
5. What were the tire-shaped capsules originally used for？（　　）
A. Removing beach waste.
B. Recycling vehicle tires.
C. Locating fishing equipment.
D. Strengthening satellite signals.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段提到的Tait和她的队友们在海岸上 发现了一些奇怪的、轮胎形状的小塑料容器，带有全球定位系统功能 可知，这些浮标帮助商业渔民追踪他们的渔网、鱼线等设备。
√
6. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 2？（　　）
A. Illustrate a future possibility.
B. Describe a technical process.
C. Present a practical solution.
D. Frame a problem context.
解析： 推理判断题。作者在第二段描述了幽灵渔网造成的问题以 及处理这些问题所面临的困境，也就是构建了一个问题背景。
√
7. How do Tangaroa Blue Foundation’s buoys outperform earlier trackers？（　　）
A. They need less maintenance.
B. They monitor broader regions.
C. They receive government funding.
D. They provide precise tracking data.
解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，官方早期使用的追踪器 是电池供电的，而Tangaroa Blue Foundation使用的浮标是太阳能供电 的，且需要更少的维护。
√
8. What is the best title for the text？（　　）
A. Turning Waste into Treasure： A Fix to Ghost Nets
B. Fighting Threats： The Hidden Harm of Ghost Nets
C. Financing Change： Innovative Ocean Cleanup Plans
D. Protecting Seas from Waste： An Activist of Conservation
解析：　标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了Tangaroa Blue Foundation 组 织使用回收的带有全球定位系统功能的浮标追踪幽灵渔网。因此A项 （变废为宝：解决幽灵渔网的方法）最适合作本文标题。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2026·福建福州模拟）Our mountain hike turned into a （n） 　9　 adventure when a storm made us hide in an old， broken hut.Under 　10　 vines （藤蔓）， we found a wooden box.
　　Inside was a silk scroll — its ink surprisingly 　11　， showing a waterfall falling through peach blossoms （花）.The picture felt so 　12　 that it seemed real.Beside it was a（n） 　13　 map with old， unclear symbols.Driven by 　14　 curiosity， we followed the map to a hidden valley.At dusk， a cave entrance 　15　 behind the
waterfall.Inside， our torches 　16　 lit up wall pictures： cranes （仙 鹤） flying above ponds， thinkers resting in bamboo — scenes of an old perfect place.
　　Walking through the tunnel， we stopped.In front of us was the 　17　 paradise （天堂） from the painting.Time seemed still here， completely 　18　.We walked through peach trees where petals （花瓣） fell like pink snow， drinking from springs sweeter than wine.
　　But as it got darker， things we recognized started to 　19　.We felt scared until we saw small writing on the scroll： “Heaven’s door opens only once.” With shaking hands， we picked up fallen petals and 　20　 went back.Seconds later， the cave disappeared behind falling rock.
　　At the museum， experts said it was the work of a（n） 　21　 Ming Dynasty master who remains unseen during his lifetime.Many groups searched the mountains， but the valley stayed 　22　.
　　But those saved petals？ They never dry up — 　23　 reminders of a world just out of reach.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一行人登山遇 风暴发现神秘山谷的奇幻经历。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一行人登山遇
风暴发现神秘山谷的奇幻经历。
9. A. normal B. extraordinary
C. risky D. tedious
解析：　根据下文发现神秘物品可知，这次冒险是非凡的。
10. A. glowing B. hanging
C. dead D. blooming
解析：　根据下文vines （藤蔓）并结合常识可知，藤蔓通常是 垂下的。
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11. A. dirty B. pale C. faded D. vivid
解析：　根据下文可知，画卷墨迹应是清晰鲜艳的，才能清晰呈现 画面。
12. A. alive B. still C. dull D. stiff
解析：　根据下文it seemed real可知，画卷给人真实感，“栩栩如 生”最能体现这种效果。
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13. A. modern B. torn
C. digital D. weathered
解析：　根据下文with old， unclear symbols可知，地图是古老的， 上面的符号不清晰，所以是经过风化的。
14. A. fading B. cautious
C. irrepressible D. weak
解析：　根据下文并结合上文发现神秘画卷和地图的整个情境可推 知，此处是被无法抑制的好奇心驱使。
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15. A. appeared B. collapsed
C. dissolved D. narrowed
解析：　根据behind the waterfall和下文描述进入洞口后的状况可 知，瀑布后面出现了一个山洞入口。
16. A. violently B. faintly
C. suddenly D. fully
解析：　根据our torches 　16　 lit up wall pictures可知，洞穴内光线 昏暗，火把只能微弱地照亮墙上的画。
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17. A. ruined B. altered C. very D. mini
解析：　根据下文可知，眼前的景象与画中完全一致，very在此处 用于强调“正是，恰好”，符合“实景与画面对应”的语境，其他选 项均无强调含义。
18. A. racing B. suspended
C. broken D. hurried
解析：　根据Time seemed still here， completely可知，时间似乎静 止了，这里表达的是时间凝固了。
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19. A. widen B. vanish
C. harden D. brighten
解析：　根据上文和下文We felt scared可知，随着洞穴里越来越 黑，我们所熟悉的事物开始消失，因而感到害怕。
20. A. unwillingly B. eagerly
C. decisively D. calmly
解析：　上文描述了世外桃源的美好，他们对这个地方应是留恋 的，因此返回时是“不情愿的”。
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21. A. infamous B. urban
C. new D. reclusive
解析：　根据下文who remains unseen during his lifetime可知，这位 明代大师在世时一直不为人知，说明他是隐居的。
22. A. accessible B. mapped
C. vague D. commercial
解析：　根据上文可知，尽管有人搜寻，山谷里的踪迹依然模糊难 寻，“模糊的，踪迹难寻的”符合语境。
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23. A. solid B. withered
C. false D. mysterious
解析：　根据上文可知，花瓣永不干枯，这反常现象让花瓣带有神 秘色彩。
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Ⅲ.语法填空
　　（2025·安徽芜湖二模）In Fiji， an island nation in the South Pacific Ocean， communities employ unique waste management methods.Dry garbage is typically handled 24. 　　 burning， while wet waste is placed in special compost bins （堆肥箱） where maggots （蛆） aid in breaking it down.During my community service class， I learned about this system but 25. 　　 （unintentional） caused an embarrassing incident.
　　One day， I threw away a bag of wet waste into the compost bin， 26. 　　 （forget） to remove the plastic bag first.Though realizing my mistake， I hesitated to reach into the bin 27. 　　 the sight of the wriggling （蠕动的） maggots made me uncomfortable.I had intended 28. 　　 （ask） a classmate to help the next day； but the thought slipped my mind.The following morning， the kitchen auntie discovered the plastic bag and posted in the community group， asking “Who did this？” I immediately admitted it was 29. 　　 （I） fault and explained the reason 30. 　　 I couldn’t bring myself to reach inside.Laughter erupted， but the village elder 31. 　　 （speak） highly of my honesty.
　　This experience taught an important lesson： environmental protection is a 32. 　　 （share） duty， and every individual’s effort matters.More importantly， I learned that taking 33. 　　 （responsible） for mistakes， no matter how small， earns respect and trust.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在斐济参加社区服 务课时，因不熟悉当地独特的垃圾处理方式而犯错，最终从这次经 历中领悟到环保是共同责任，勇于为错误负责能赢得尊重和信任的 故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在斐济参加社区服
务课时，因不熟悉当地独特的垃圾处理方式而犯错，最终从这次经
历中领悟到环保是共同责任，勇于为错误负责能赢得尊重和信任的
故事。
24. by　考查介词。此空无提示词，空后为动词-ing形式，应用介 词，表示“通过……方式”处理干垃圾。
25. unintentionally　考查词形转换。此处修饰动词caused，应用副词 作状语。
26. forgetting　考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词threw，所以使用 非谓语动词，forget与主语I之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。
27. because/as/since　考查状语从句。根据空前和空后的句意可知， 上下文之间为因果关系。
28. to ask　考查非谓语动词。intend to do sth打算做某事。
29. my　考查代词。此处修饰名词fault，应用形容词性物主代词。
30. why　考查定语从句。此处引导的定语从句，先行词为the reason，关系词在定语从句中作原因状语。
31. spoke　考查动词时态。根据上文的谓语动词erupted可知，此处描 述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。
32. shared　考查非谓语动词。此处修饰名词duty，duty与share之间是 被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。
33. responsibility　考查词形转换。 此处作动词taking的宾语，应 用名词。

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