资源简介

(共136张PPT)
主题概述
本主题探讨经济社会发展与生态环境保护之间的辩证关系，涵盖可持续发展理念、绿色发展模式、环境保护意识以及人与自然和谐共处等核心内容，旨在帮助学生深刻理解发展与环保并非对立关系，树立绿色发展观念，培养环保责任意识，形成促进经济社会可持续发展和生态文明建设的正确价值观念
子话题1　发展与现代化
1. modernization n.现代化
2. globalization n.全球化
3. industrialization n.工业化
4. automation n.自动化
5. urban adj.都市的；城市的
6. urbanization n.城市化
7. advance n.&v.前进；发展；进步
advanced adj.先进的；高级的
主题单词
8. expand v.扩大；扩张
expansion n.扩大；扩张
9. exploit v.开发；利用；剥削
10. boom n.&v.（经济）繁荣；迅速发展
11. prosperity n.繁荣；兴旺
prosperous adj.繁荣的
12. export v.&n.出口；输出
import v.&n.进口；输入
13. infrastructure n.基础设施
14. corporate adj.公司的；企业的
corporation n.公司；企业
merce n.商业；贸易
16. economy n.经济；节约
economic adj.经济的；经济学的
economical adj.经济的；节约的；简洁的；精打细算的
子话题2　环境影响与代价
1. burden n.负担；重负 v.使负重
2. cost n.成本；代价 v.花费；使付出
3. afford v.买得起；承受得住；负担得起；提供；给予；抽得出 （时间）　
4. dust n.沙尘，尘土；粉末 v.擦去……的灰尘；掸去
5. infect v.传染；感染（疾病）；影响（人的思想或行为）
infection n.感染；传染；传染病；（某种思想、情感或行为的）影响
6. ban vt.（banned， banned） 禁止；取缔n.禁令
7. oppose vt.反对；抵制
opposed adj.反对的，敌对的；相反的，对立的
opposing adj.相反的，对立的，对抗的
8. degrade v.（使）退化；（使）降级
9. decline n.&v.下降；衰退；谢绝
10. footstep n.足迹
11. carbon footprint 碳足迹
12. over-consumption n.过度消耗
13. over-population n.人口过剩
子话题3　政策，行动与全球合作
1. law n.法律；法规
2. legislation n.立法；法律
3. policy n.政策；方针
4. agree v.同意；一致；赞成；答应
agreement n.协议；同意
5. collaborate v.合作；协作
collaboration n.合作
collaborative adj.合作的
6. coexist v.共存
coexistence n.共处，共存
7. aware adj.意识到的；知道的
awareness n.意识，了解；觉察
8. ban v.&n.禁止；禁令
9. limit vt.限制；限定n.界限；限度
limited adj.有限的
limitless adj.无限的；无界限的
limitation n.限制；局限性
10. restrict v.限制；约束
restriction n.限制；约束
11. enforce v.实施；强制执行
12. respect n.& v.尊敬，尊重
respectful adj.尊敬他人的；有礼貌的
respective adj.各自的，分别的
respectable adj.可敬的；可观的；相当大的
13. solve v.解决；解答；处理；化解
solution n.解决办法；溶解；答案
14. summit n.峰会；顶点
15. role n.角色；作用
子话题4　可持续发展与未来展望
1. renewable adj.可再生的
2. low-carbon adj.低碳的
3. balance n.平衡；均匀；余额 v.（使）平衡
balanced adj.平衡的；均衡的
imbalance n.不平衡；失衡
4. future n.未来；前途 adj.未来的
5. reuse v.&n.再次使用；重复利用
6. consider v.考虑
considerate adj.体贴的；考虑周到的
consideration n.体贴；考虑
主题短语
1. cut down 砍伐
2. use up 用尽，耗尽
3. give off 释放，散发（气体、热量等）
4. at the expense of 以……为代价
5. protect ...from ... 保护……不受……（的危害）
6. in the long run 从长远来看
7. set foot upon/on 踏上
8. turn one’s back （on sb/sth） 对……置之不理；对……撒手不管
11. spring to mind 突然记起（或想到）
12. on the edge of 在……边缘；某事快要发生
e into being 形成；产生
14. make out 看清；听清；分清
15. under pressure 在压力下；承受压力
9. take ...into account 把……考虑进去
10. do one’s part 尽某人的职责
主题语块
1. achieve sustainable development 实现可持续发展
2. protect the ecological environment 保护生态环境
3. maintain ecological balance 维持生态平衡
4. raise environmental awareness 提高环保意识
5. reduce carbon emissions 减少碳排放
6. prevent soil and water pollution 防止水土污染
7. implement environmental regulations 实施环保法规
8. strike a balance between A and B 在A和B之间取得平衡
11. restore the damaged ecosystem 恢复受损的生态系统
12. classify and recycle waste 分类和回收废物
9. adopt a low-carbon lifestyle 采取低碳生活方式
10. develop clean energy technologies 发展清洁能源技术
主题佳句
高考必背写作佳句
1. 句型公式：状语从句的省略
If （I am） accepted，I can introduce the history of Chinese painting to visitors， which can help them know more about Chinese culture. （申请信）
假如我被接收的话，我将向游客介绍中国的绘画历史，这可以帮助他 们更多地了解中国文化。
2. 句型公式：while表示对比
On the basis of the above chart，18％ of the students prefer to read English books while 12％ are accessible to English learning websites. （图表作文）
根据上面的图表，18％的学生更喜欢阅读英语书籍，而12％的学生可 以访问英语学习网站。
基础知识巩固集训（一）　默写训练
Ⅰ.单词默写
1. n.&v.（经济）繁荣；迅速发展
2. vt.禁止；取缔n.禁令
3. adj.低碳的
4. n.未来；前途 adj.未来的
5. v.&n.再次使用；重复利用
boom　
ban　
low-carbon　
future　
reuse　
Ⅱ.派生单词默写
1. export v.&n.出口；输出
v.&n.进口；输入
2. economy n.经济；节约
adj.经济的；经济学的
adj.经济的；节约的；简洁的；精打细算的
3. collaborate v.合作；协作
n.合作
adj.合作的
import　
economic　
economical　
collaboration　
collaborative　
4. coexist v.共存
n.共处，共存
5. limit vt.限制；限定 n.界限；限度
adj.有限的
adj.无限的；无界限的
n.限制；局限性
6. restrict v.限制；约束
n.限制；约束
7. solve v.解决；解答；处理；化解
n.解决办法；溶解；答案
coexistence　
limited　
limitless　
limitation　
restriction　
solution　
8. respect n.& v.尊敬，尊重
adj.尊敬他人的；有礼貌的
adj.各自的，分别的
adj.可敬的；可观的；相当大的
9. balance n.平衡；均匀；余额 v.（使）平衡
adj.平衡的；均衡的
n.不平衡；失衡
10. consider v.考虑
adj.体贴的；考虑周到的
n.体贴；考虑
respectful　
respective　
respectable　
balanced　
imbalance　
considerate　
consideration　
Ⅲ.短语/语块默写
1. 　用尽，耗尽
2. 释放，散发（气体、热量等）
3. 　 以……为代价
4. 保护……不受……（的危害）
5. 从长远来看
6. 　踏上
7. 尽某人的职责
8. 　突然记起（或想到）
9. 在压力下；承受压力
use up　
give off　
at the expense of　
protect ...from ...　
in the long run　
set foot upon/on　
do one’s part　
spring to mind　
under pressure　
10. 　形成；产生
11. 　实现可持续发展
12. 　维持生态平衡
come into being　
achieve sustainable development　
maintain ecological balance　
Ⅳ.主题佳句默写
1. ，I can introduce the history of Chinese painting to visitors， which can help them know more about Chinese culture.
假如我被接收的话，我将向游客介绍中国的绘画历史，这可以帮助他 们更多地了解中国文化。
If （I am） accepted　
2. On the basis of the above chart，18％ of the students prefer to read English books .
根据上面的图表，18％的学生更喜欢阅读英语书籍，而12％的学生可 以访问英语学习网站。
while 12％ are accessible to English learning websites　
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. The rapid growth of （都市的） areas can put a strain on natural resources and increase flood risks.
2. The financial （负担） of rebuilding after a major disaster can be overwhelming for a community.
3. Many low-income families cannot （承受得住） the cost of reinforcing their homes against earthquakes.
urban　
burden　
afford　
基础知识巩固集训（二）　语境运用
　　
4. Scientists have observed a sharp （下降） in the population of many wildlife species due to habitat loss.
5. The government implemented a new （政策） to encourage the use of renewable energy sources.
6. There is a global （禁令） on the use of certain chemicals that damage the ozone layer.
policy　
ban　
decline　
Ⅱ.用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. With （advance） technology， weather forecasts have become much more reliable， helping people prepare for storms.
2. The rapid （expand） of cities into natural habitats is a major cause of biodiversity loss.
3. After the flood， there was a high risk of waterborne （infect） spreading among the population.
4. They are strongly （oppose） to keeping wild animals as pets.
advanced　
expansion　
infection　
opposed　
5. The international （agree） on climate change aims to limit global warming.
6. Environmental （aware） has grown significantly over the past decade， leading to more sustainable practices.
agreement　
awareness　
were cut down to build farms　
take the local
geographical conditions into account　
on the edge of　
make out the road ahead　
advance n.&v.前进；发展；进步→advanced adj.先进的；高级的
练通 单句语法填空
①The hospital is equipped with （advance） medical technology to treat the injured.
② advance of the approaching typhoon， all residents were advised to evacuate to safer areas.
advanced　
In　
写美 微写作
③I’m writing to ask about about Canadian sports. （2025·全国二卷）
我写信是想询问您撰写关于加拿大体育运动那篇文章的进展。
the advance you’ve made on the article　
用法
in advance （of） 　 （在……）预先，事先
make advances in 　　在……方面取得进展
an advance on 　　对……的改进
佳句 Every inch of their advance was a battle against the rubble and despair， fueled by the hope of finding survivors.
他们前进的每一步都是与瓦砾和绝望的斗争，而支撑他们的是找到幸 存者的希望。
积累
advanced technology 先进的技术
technological advance 科技进步
an advance warning system 预警系统
ban vt.（banned， banned） 禁止；取缔 n.禁令
练通 单句语法填空/完成句子
①There is a nationwide ban smoking in all indoor public places.
②The government is considering banning cars the city center to reduce air pollution.
③The government to protect the environment.
为了保护环境，政府已禁止使用一次性塑料袋。
on　
from　
has banned the use of single-use plastic bags　
deserves a ban
on being boring　
用法
a ban on sth 　 对……的禁令
place/put/impose a ban on 　　对……实施禁令
ban sb from doing sth　　 禁止某人做某事
佳句 ①The government’s ban on deforestation is a crucial step towards preserving biodiversity and combating climate change. （环境保护）
政府对砍伐森林的禁令是保护生物多样性和应对气候变化的关键 一步。
②He looked at the polluted river and wished he could impose a ban on all the factories that had stolen its life and clarity.他看着被污染的河流，希 望能对所有夺走其生命与清澈的工厂实施禁令。
积累
a temporary/permanent ban 临时/永久禁令
lift a ban 解除禁令
face a ban 面临禁令
oppose vt.反对；抵制→opposed adj.反对的，敌对的；相反的，对 立的→opposing adj.相反的，对立的，对抗的
练通 单句语法填空
①I am completely （oppose） to any form of animal cruelty for entertainment.
②As opposed fossil fuels， renewable energy sources like solar and wind are much cleaner.
opposed　
to　
写美 微写作
③Many local residents to build a chemical plant near their community.
许多当地居民强烈反对在他们社区附近建造化工厂的计划。
strongly oppose the plan　
用法
oppose a plan/proposal 　　　反对计划/提议
be opposed to （doing） sth　　反对（做）某事
as opposed to 　　与……相反；而不是
佳句 The two brothers held opposed views on development， one favoring economic growth at all costs， the other advocating for environmental protection.（社会发展）
兄弟二人在发展问题上持相反观点，一个不惜一切代价支持经济增 长，另一个则倡导环境保护。
aware adj.意识到的；知道的→awareness n.意识，了解，觉察
练通 单句语法填空/完成句子
①People are becoming more aware the importance of protecting the environment.
②Schools play a vital role in raising students’ environmental （aware）.
③Not until then of the problem.
直到那时我才意识到这个问题的严重性。
of　
awareness　
was I aware of the seriousness　
写美 微写作
④I Toby wasn’t just a dog to him； he was a lifeline in a sea of loneliness. （2025·全国一卷）
我痛苦地意识到，托比对他来说不仅仅是一条狗；它是在孤独海洋中 的一根生命线。
became painfully aware that　
用法
be aware of 　　 意识到
be aware that ...　　意识到……
make sb aware of 　　使某人意识到
raise/arouse awareness of 　　提高/激发对……的认识
佳句 He was suddenly aware of the silence in the house， a silence that was heavier and more profound than any noise.
他突然意识到了屋子里的寂静，一种比任何噪音都更沉重、更深邃的 寂静。
积累
raise students’ environmental awareness
提高学生的环保意识
be aware of the risk 意识到风险
limit vt.限制；限定 n.界限；限度→limited adj.有限的→limitless adj.无限的；无界限的→limitation n.限制；局限性
练通 单句语法填空
①Due to （limit） funding， the research project had to be scaled back.
②The human imagination is （limit）， capable of creating incredible works of art and science.
limited　
limitless　
has limitless potential for
creativity　
用法
set a limit to 　 对……加以限制
within the time limit 　　在时限内
push the limits 　　挑战极限
without limit 　　无限制地
佳句 The planet’s resources are limited， which is why sustainable development is not just an option but a necessity for our survival. （环境保护）
地球的资源是有限的，这就是为什么可持续发展不仅仅是一个选项， 而是我们生存的必需。
积累
age/speed limit 年龄/速度限制
limited resources 有限的资源
overcome limitations 克服局限
balance n.平衡；均匀；余额 v.（使）平衡→balanced adj.平衡 的；均衡的→imbalance n.不平衡；失衡
练通 单句语法填空
①It is crucial to strike balance between development and environment.
②A （balance） ecosystem is essential for the survival of all species.
③The rapid industrialization has caused a serious ecological （balance）.
a　
balanced　
imbalance　
写美 微写作
④A good school newspaper between reporting on school news and providing content that is simply fun to read.
一份好的校报应该在报道学校新闻和提供纯粹有趣的阅读内容之间保 持平衡。
should maintain a balance　
用法
strike a balance 　　　　取得平衡
keep one’s balance 　　保持平衡
in the balance 　　悬而未决
a balanced diet 　　均衡饮食
佳句 The growing imbalance between human activity and nature’s capacity to recover is the greatest challenge of our time.（环境保护）
人类活动与自然恢复能力之间日益加剧的不平衡是我们这个时代最大 的挑战。
积累
lose one’s balance 失去平衡
restore the balance 恢复平衡
ecological balance 生态平衡
spring to mind 突然记起（或想到）
练通 用mind的相关短语填空
①Please that the deadline for the project is this Friday.
②I can’t whether to travel to the mountains or the seaside for the holiday.
bear/keep in mind　
make up my mind　
sprang to
mind　
用法
bear/keep in mind　　　　记住
make up one’s mind 　　下定决心
change one’s mind 　　改变主意
have sth in mind 　　心中有某个想法/计划
read one’s mind 　　看透某人的心思
clear one’s mind 　　清理思绪
佳句 When I was considering ways to boost reader interaction， the idea of a mystery-guest column immediately sprang to mind.
我在考虑如何增加读者互动时，一个神秘嘉宾栏目的想法立刻就涌现 出来。
写作靓词——读后续写小妙招
skip vt.（skipped； skipped； skipping） 跳过；不参加；悄悄溜走 vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳 n.蹦跳
佳句背诵
①He turned and skipped away， singing happily to himself.
他转过身来蹦蹦跳跳地走了，嘴里高兴地哼着歌。
②Though her heart skipped a beat， she calmed down straight away， and began first aid.
虽然她的心咯噔一下，但她立即镇定下来，开始急救。
靓句写作 The little boy ， his eyes shining with excitement as he searched for colorful stones.
小男孩沿着河岸蹦蹦跳跳地走着，眼里闪烁着兴奋的光芒，在寻找着 彩色的石头。
skipped along the riverbank　
敲黑板
①skip a beat 心头一震
②skip rope with friends 和朋友们一起跳绳
③skip the opening ceremony 缺席开幕式
写作佳句——应用文写作与读后续写佳句仿写
句型公式：状语从句的省略
点拨 当状语从句（如when， while， if， unless， though， although引 导的从句）的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可以 省略从句的主语和be动词。省略后，连词直接跟现在分词、过去分 词、形容词或介词短语。
背诵 When facing a natural disaster， it is crucial to remain calm and follow official instructions.
当面临自然灾害时，保持冷静并遵循官方指示至关重要。
仿写
①如果使用得当，科技可以成为灾害预警的有力工具。
， technology can be a powerful tool for disaster warning.
②在等待救援时，幸存者们分享了他们有限的食物和水。 （灾难 救援）
， the survivors shared their limited food and water.
If used properly　
While waiting for rescue　
句型公式：while表示对比
点拨 while可以用来连接两个并列分句，表示两者之间的对比或对照 关系，意为“而；然而”，相当于whereas。
背诵 Some people panic in emergencies， while others manage to stay calm and think clearly.
有些人在紧急情况中会恐慌，而另一些人则能保持冷静、思路清晰。
while hurricanes can be
predicted days in advance　
while some onlookers
just stood by filming with their phones　
Ⅰ.多义词汇
赏句猜义，选出加蓝单词的正确意思
1. afford
A. v.买得起　 B. v.提供；给予 C. v.抽得出（时间） D. v.承受得住　　 E. v.负担得起
①The hilltop affords a magnificent view of the entire city.
②I can’t afford to take a long vacation this year due to my busy schedule.
B　
C　
③Many families cannot afford to send their children to college without financial aid.
④As a student， I cannot afford a new laptop right now.
⑤The old bridge cannot afford the weight of heavy trucks.
E　
A　
D　
A. v.买得起　 B. v.提供；给予 C. v.抽得出（时间） D. v.承受得住　　 E. v.负担得起
2. agree with
A. 同意某人/某观点 B. 与……相符，与……一致
C. （食物、气候等）适合（某人）
①I completely agree with your proposal to improve our community’s recycling program.
②His account of the accident doesn’t agree with what the witnesses said.
③Spicy food doesn’t really agree with my stomach， so I try to avoid it.
A　
B　
C　
3. balance
A. n.平衡；均衡　 B. n.余额
C. v.（使）保持平衡　 D. v.权衡；斟酌
①The acrobat could balance on a tightrope with incredible skill.
②It’s important to find a healthy balance between work and personal life.
③Before making a decision， you should balance the pros and cons carefully.
④I need to check the balance in my bank account before making a large purchase.
C　
A　
D　
B　
Ⅱ.构词法
构词法 词根cire＝ring 环，圆
写出下列句中蓝体词的词性和词义
1. The electrician needs to repair the broken circuit in our kitchen lights.
2. The teacher drew a circular diagram on the board to explain the concept.
3. Blood circulates through our body carrying oxygen to different organs and tissues.
n.电路　
adj.圆形的　
v.循环　
4. The soldiers decided to encircle the enemy’s camp during the night attack.
5. The math teacher explained how to calculate a semicircle’s area using geometry.
6. Poor circulation in his legs made walking long distances very difficult.
v.包围　
n.半圆　
n.循环　
应用文写作——（议论文——环境保护与社会发展的关系）
　　根据提示，用本主题词汇和句式完成下面的写作。
　　你校英文报正在就“环境保护与社会发展”征文。请你写一篇短 文投稿，内容包括：（1）阐述二者的关系；（2）提出如何平衡二者 的建议。
注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）请按如下格式作答。
Balancing Development and Environment
　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　　 　

完成作文
Balancing Development and Environment
　　1. （毫无疑问 我们必须取得平衡） between social development and environmental protection.
There is no doubt that we must strike a balance　
be aware of　
When developing our economy　
bear in mind　
set a limit to　
in advance　
a
ban on　
as opposed to　
学会构思
首段——开篇点题
阐明观点，必须在社会发展和环境保护之间取得平衡。
中段——展开论述
①发展经济时，要牢记对地球的长远影响；
②提前限制污染和资源消耗；
③实施具体禁令，如禁塑令；
④追求可持续发展，而非短期利益。
尾段——总结重申
强调只有这样才能实现双赢。
读后续写（自然灾害＋修辞手法之明喻）
（一）语料积累——修辞手法之明喻
明喻是英语中常用的修辞手法，通过使用连接词like、as、as if、as though等，将两个不同事物进行直接比较，使描述更加生动形象。基 本结构为：
①A＋be＋like＋B ③A＋动词＋like＋B
②A＋be＋as＋形容词＋as＋B ④A＋动词＋as if/as though＋句子
语 块 1.as bright as the sun 像太阳一样明亮　　　　　　　　
2.like a rock 像岩石一样（坚固/稳定）　　
3.as fast as lightning 快如闪电　　
4.like a fish out of water 如鱼离水（不适应）　　
5.as quiet as a mouse 安静如鼠
6.as brave as a lion 勇敢如狮
7.as cold as ice 冷如冰
8.as busy as a bee 忙如蜜蜂
9.as white as snow 洁白如雪　　
10.as strong as an ox 强壮如牛
佳 句 1.When he heard the terrible news， his face turned as white as snow.
当他听到那个可怕的消息时，他的脸变得惨白如雪。
2.When facing difficulties， he always stood like a rock， firmly holding onto his beliefs.
面对困难时，他总是像岩石一样站着，坚定不移地坚持自己的信念。
3.After the race， he was breathing as if he had run a marathon.
比赛结束后，他喘着气，好像他刚跑完一场马拉松。
（二）学以致用——完成续写语段
　　根据提示，用本主题词汇和以上续写语料完成下面的写作。
　　前情介绍： 台风即将来临，政府发布了紧急疏散通知。李伟想立 即带家人撤离，但他的爷爷凭借过去的经验，认为这次台风没什么大 不了，坚决反对离开自己的老房子。
was firmly opposed to leaving his home　
While past storms were nothing to
worry about　
sprang to mind　
　　　 　 　
be swept away
like a toy boat in a river　
fall silent for a moment　
学会构思
李伟试图说服爷爷撤离
↓
爷爷固执己见，反对离开，
并用过去的情况作对比
李伟脑海中浮现新闻报道
的悲剧画面
他用生动的比喻描述了不撤离的
↓
↓
巨大风险
↓
爷爷被说服，认识到安全第一
↓
家人达成一致，共同准备撤离
（分值：20分， 限时：15分钟）
A
〔环境保护——处理污水的“生态机器”〕
　　（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）When John Todd was a child， he loved to explore the woods around his house， observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream， for example， often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older， John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
阅读理解
　　After studying agriculture， medicine， and fisheries in college， John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria （细菌）？ Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals？ With the right combination of animals and plants， he figured， maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
　　The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge （污泥）. First， he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little， these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks， John added the sludge.
　　He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco- machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it！ Within weeks， it had all been digested， and all that was left was pure water.
　　Over the years， John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage （污水） from 1，600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou， a city in southeast China.
　　“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does.“Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor，” he says.“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。John Todd从小就喜欢观察大自然， 并被自然的自我修复能力折服。大学时期经过专业的学习之后， John通过实验设计了生态机器，并解决了很多实际的污水净化问
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。John Todd从小就喜欢观察大自然，
并被自然的自我修复能力折服。大学时期经过专业的学习之后，
John通过实验设计了生态机器，并解决了很多实际的污水净化问题。
1. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs？（　　）
A. He was fond of traveling.
B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind.
D. He longed to be a doctor.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段中的observing how nature solved problems和When he got older， John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.和第二段中的 John went back to observing nature and asking questions以及第二段中的 两个问题可以看出，John是一个具有探究精神的人。
√
2. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks？（　　）
A. To feed the animals.
B. To build an ecosystem.
C. To protect the plants.
D. To test the eco-machine.
√
解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段中的The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge （污泥） ...placed them in the tanks可知，John修建水箱是为了清理污泥中的有害物质， 为此，他在水箱里放了一些动植物。第四段中的all that was left was pure water表明了将污泥放入水箱之后的变化。据此可以推断，John在 水箱里放入污泥是为了测试他的生态机器的效果。
3. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou？（　　）
A. To review John’s research plans.
B. To show an application of John’s idea.
C. To compare John’s different jobs.
D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第五段中的Over the years， John has taken on many big jobs.可知，多年来，John做了很多大型工作。下文 提到净化福州的运河水是为了举例说明John的发明及其理念在实践中 的应用。
√
4. What is the basis for John’s work？（　　）
A. Nature can repair itself.
B. Organisms need water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is diverse.
D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.
√
解析：　推理判断题。本文主要围绕John的疑问展开，即一条肮脏 的溪流在穿过植物和流过微生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈，这 个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的脏乱呢？正是在这个疑问的指引 下，John发明了“生态设计”，因此，John发明的根源就在于自然的 自我修复能力，且最后一段最后一句也表明了John的工作基于“自然 可以进行自我修复”这一理念。
B
〔生态保护——美国灰熊生存环境〕
　　（2023·全国甲卷）Grizzly bears， which may grow to about 2.5m long and weigh over 400kg， occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche — we revere （敬畏） them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see， and their answer is often the same： a grizzly bear.
　　“Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range，” says bear biologist Chris Servheen. As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven’t been seen in a century or more， they’re increasingly being sighted by humans.
　　The western half of the U. S. was full of grizzlies when Europeans came， with a rough number of 50，000 or more living alongside Native Americans. By the early 1970s， after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers， 600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies. In 1975， grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.
　　Today， there are about 2，000 or more grizzly bears in the U. S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies， which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now， grizzlies remain listed.
　　Obviously， if precautions （预防） aren’t taken， grizzlies can become troublesome， sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites， grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. “Our hope is to have a clean， attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits，” says James Jonkel， longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了美国灰熊从多变少 的发展过程，以及在法律的保护下，灰熊数量增长，并探讨了针对 灰熊的应对保护方案。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了美国灰熊从多变少
的发展过程，以及在法律的保护下，灰熊数量增长，并探讨了针对
灰熊的应对保护方案。
5. How do Americans look at grizzlies？（　　）
A. They cause mixed feelings in people.
B. They should be kept in national parks.
C. They are of high scientific value.
D. They are a symbol of American culture.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，人们对灰熊既害怕又 敬畏。由此可知，人们对它们的情感是复杂的。
√
6. What has helped the increase of the grizzly population？（　　）
A. The European settlers’ behavior.
B. The expansion of bears’ range.
C. The protection by law since 1975.
D. The support of Native Americans.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段中的In 1975， grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.和第四段中的Today， there are about 2，000 or more grizzly bears in the U. S. 可以推断，灰熊的数量增长 与1975年以来的法律保护息息相关。
√
7. What has stopped the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service from de-listing grizzlies？（　　）
A. The opposition of conservation groups.
B. The successful comeback of grizzlies.
C. The voice of the biologists.
D. The local farmers’ advocates.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第四段中的Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups.可知，动物保护组织的反对阻 止了美国鱼类及野生动物管理局将灰熊从美国濒危物种名单上除名。
√
8. What can be inferred from the last paragraph？（　　）
A. Food should be provided for grizzlies.
B. People can live in harmony with grizzlies.
C. A special path should be built for grizzlies.
D. Technology can be introduced to protect grizzlies.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的If people remove food and attractants ...is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away.可以推 断，人类可以和灰熊和谐共处。
√
〔词汇积累〕
阅 读 理 解 A
process n.过程；进程
fishery n.渔业
substance n.物质
tank n.水箱，容器
digest v.消化
facility n.设施
canal n.运河
clean up 清理
take on 承担
bacteria n.细菌（复数形式，单数为bacterium）
combination n.结合，组合[派生词：combine（去e）＋-ation]
organism n.有机体，生物体（派生词：organ＋-ism）
self-repair v.自我修复（合成词：self＋repair）
阅 读 理 解 B
conflicted adj.矛盾的（派生词：conflict＋-ed）
reoccupy v.重新占领（派生词：re-＋occupy）
delist v.从清单中删除（派生词：de-＋list）
overturn v.推翻（合成词：over＋turn）
troublesome adj.（形势、问题等）麻烦的（派生词：trouble＋some）
expand ...into 把……扩展到
pass by 经过
in search of 寻找
Ⅰ.阅读理解
　　（2026·甘肃月考）In a typical residential area of Hong Kong （HK）， the basketball courts at Kennedy Town Playground （KTP） are surprisingly busy — not with players， but with tourists. Located on a hill， the courts provide great views of the Hong Kong skyline， making them an unexpected attraction.
　　This trend began with a hot post on the social media platform Xiaohongshu， turning the playground into a unique spot for photo opportunities. The post received over 13，000 likes and 15，000 saves， illustrating the concept of “planting grass”.
　　Planting grass， or zhongcao， refers to recommending products or experiences to make others interested in trying them. This phenomenon has become a key driver of tourism and commerce， creating what’s now called the “grass planting economy”， which means recommendation- based business models. In Fujian， the popularity of a folk tradition known as zanhuawei has turned Quanzhou into a vibrant cultural destination. Similarly， Jingdezhen in Jiangxi， famous for its porcelain art， has become popular among young travelers due to “planting grass” posts.
　　The charm of this model comes from how real it feels： Millions of users act as city ambassadors， sharing personal recommendations. Different from traditional tours， the trips described in these posts feature the hidden charm of the cities and build meaningful connections with local culture， boosting tourism， according to Xinhua.
　　This phenomenon is not limited to Chinese social media， however. Globally， platforms have also driven recommendation-based marketing. Data analysis company DataReportal revealed that in 2023， 62.2 percent of a social media platform users followed or researched brands through the platform， highlighting its influence on purchasing behavior.
　　While “planting grass” can help the economy grow， it also carries some risks. Following trends without caution may lead to overcrowding and danger. In Hong Kong， 21 popular locations recommended on social media often attract tourists who crowd narrow sidewalks， blocking locals — particularly the elderly — from passing through.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“种草”这一概 念，并阐述了“种草”现象成为旅游和商业的关键驱动力，形成了 “种草经济”。但“种草”也存在风险，如可能导致热门地点过度 拥挤，给当地居民生活带来不便等。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“种草”这一概
念，并阐述了“种草”现象成为旅游和商业的关键驱动力，形成了
“种草经济”。但“种草”也存在风险，如可能导致热门地点过度
拥挤，给当地居民生活带来不便等。
1. What makes the basketball courts at KTP popular with tourists？ （　　）
A. Interesting activities.
B. The historical significance.
C. Great views of the HK skyline.
D. Various shopping malls.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，坚尼地城游乐场 的篮球场位于山上，能看到香港天际线的美景，这使得篮球场受到游 客欢迎。
√
2. Why does the author mention Quanzhou and Jingdezhen？（　　）
A. To give reasons.
B. To give examples.
C. To make comparisons.
D. To make advertisements.
解析：　推理判断题。文章第三段先阐述了“种草”现象成为旅游 和商业的主要推动力，催生了“种草经济”。作者通过这两个城市的 例子，说明“种草”现象对旅游和商业的推动作用。
√
3. What does the underlined term “city ambassadors” in paragraph 4 refer to？（　　）
A. Celebrities promoting a city.
B. Travel agents specializing in city tours.
C. Users sharing their own recommendations.
D. Officials representing a city’s government.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据第四段画线词所在句可知，数以百万计 的用户扮演着city ambassadors的角色，分享着个人推荐内容。
√
4. How is the text structured？（　　）
A. Problem — Cause — Impact — Solution.
B. Cause — Effect — Example — Conclusion.
C. Introduction — Benefit — Problem — Cause.
D. Phenomenon — Definition — Impact — Problem.
解析：　细节理解题。通读全文可知，文章的结构是“现象 — 定 义 — 影响 — 风险/问题”。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2026·南京、盐城调研）When Mysha decided to improve her fitness in late 2019， taking up running was a no-brainer.She lives in a beautiful town on Scotland’s east coast， so she found 　5　 wasn’t so bad， with breathtaking scenery.
　　Yet even though Mysha quickly fell in love with running， something started to 　6　 her — the beaches and paths she ran along were covered in litter. 　7　， she was always doing a little litter-picking， but when she saw an American runner online talking about plogging， a new 　8　 emerging among runners， she was excited to try it out for herself.Plogging 　9　 in Sweden， and the word comes from the Swedish word “ploka”， meaning “to 　10　 while jogging”.Mysha started following a（n） 　11　 online called Environmental Fitness and began to take a shopping bag with her on runs and fill it with 　12　.
　　It wasn’t long before she uncovered some of the upsetting 　13　 of littering.She started to find 　14　 chemicals contained in batteries leaking into the environment and small animals 　15　 in plastic bottles struggling to chew their way out.These discoveries made Mysha even more 　16　 about litter picking.She joined a local litter-picking group and was soon asked to 　17　 leadership of the group.Despite the big volumes of litter being dropped， Mysha and her fellow litter- pickers 　18　 to get out and plog.
　　“The thought of keeping other people’s spirits up and seeing their 　19　 spread to more people keeps me going.Together， we can achieve amazing things！” Mysha says.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Mysha在跑步过程中 发现了一些环境问题，受到启发后开始plogging（边跑边捡垃圾）。 她还加入当地组织并承担领导职责，激励自己持续行动。
5. A. jogging B. skating
C. cycling D. hiking
解析：　根据文章首句可知，她选择的运动是慢跑。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Mysha在跑步过程中
发现了一些环境问题，受到启发后开始plogging（边跑边捡垃圾）。
她还加入当地组织并承担领导职责，激励自己持续行动。
√
6. A. puzzle B. excite C. bother D. amuse
解析：　根据下文可知，她跑步时路过的海滩和小路上到处都是垃 圾，这一问题开始困扰她。
7. A. Proudly B. Actually
C. Secretly D. Luckily
解析：　根据下文可知，实际上她一直在做一些捡垃圾的事。
8. A. trend B. skill C. lesson D. trick
解析：　根据下文可知，plogging是在跑步者中兴起的一种新潮流。
√
√
√
9. A. existed B. renewed
C. advanced D. originated
解析：　根据下文可知，plogging 起源于瑞典。
10. A. relax B. pick C. think D. recycle
解析：　根据下文可知，plogging意为“在慢跑时捡垃圾”。
11. A. order B. rule
C. initiative D. tradition
解析：　根据语境可知，Environmental Fitness是一个线上倡议 活动。
√
√
√
12. A. food B. clothes C. tools D. waste
解析：　根据下文的litter picking， litter-pickers可知，她带着购物袋 跑步是为了装垃圾。
13. A. truths B. processes
C. instances D. consequences
解析：　根据下文可知，电池中含有的化学物质泄漏到环境中，小 动物被困在塑料瓶中，这些都是乱扔垃圾带来的后果。
√
√
14. A. rare B. poisonous
C. organic D. unstable
解析：　根据常识可知，电池中的化学物质通常是有毒的。
15. A. raised B. trapped
C. placed D. buried
解析：　根据语境可知，小动物们是被困在塑料瓶中无法出去。
16. A. curious B. worried
C. passionate D. confused
解析：　根据下文可知，这些发现让她对捡垃圾更有热情。
√
√
√
17. A. take over B. insist on
C. turn down D. rise to
解析：　根据上文可知，她被邀请接管小组领导权。
18. A. ceased B. hesitated
C. attempted D. continued
解析：　根据上文可知，尽管垃圾量很大，他们还是继续出去边跑 步边捡垃圾。
√
√
19. A. actions B. dreams
C. hobbies D. memories
解析：　根据上文提到的Mysha和同伴们的行为可知，她们的行为 能感染更多人。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　（2026·湖北联考）The Taklimakan Desert， known as the “Sea of Death”， has eventually been encircled by a sand-blocking green belt that stretches 3，046 kilometers.The final 10-meter stretch of sand 20. 　 　 （plant） with saplings（树苗）of desert poplar， rose willow and other drought-resistant plants in Yutian.This marked the 21. 　　 （complete） of the green belt’s last part of 285 km.
　　　 　
　　Over the past four decades， Xinjiang 22. 　 　 （witness） a gradual increase in reforestation， forming a 2，761-km sand blocking belt around the desert by the end of 2023.However， 23. 　 　 final 285- km gap between the southern edge of the desert and the southeast edge became the most 24. 　 　 （challenge） part.
　　According to local conditions， the region carried out scientifically 25. 　　 （rely） strategies to control sand.In areas with relatively good water and soil resources， biological sand control is prioritized by planting drought-resistant plants.In regions with relatively insufficient water resources， photovoltaic （光伏的） sand control is mainly used.In areas lacking water and 26. 　　 the conditions for photovoltaic installation are inadequate， engineering sand control is the primary method.
　　The large solar panels 27. 　　 （build） in the desert not only generate electricity but also reduce surface wind speed.The land beneath the solar panels can be used to plant drought-resistant plants or crops， which help to fix the sand 28. 　　 place with their root systems， 29. 　　 （achieve） the benefit of electricity generation， increased agricultural income and sand control.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了围绕塔克拉玛干沙 漠建设的防沙绿化带的完成情况。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了围绕塔克拉玛干沙
漠建设的防沙绿化带的完成情况。
20. was planted　考查动词的时态和语态。空处在句中作谓语，此处 描述过去发生的事，主语 The final 10-meter stretch of sand 与plant是被 动关系。
21. completion　考查名词。根据空前的the和空后的of可知，空处应 用名词，故填completion。
22. has witnessed　考查动词的时态。空处在句中作谓语，根据时间状 语Over the past four decades可知，此处应用现在完成时。故填has witnessed。
23. the　考查冠词。此处表特指，且第一段最后一句已有提及，应用 定冠词the。
24. challenging　考查形容词。根据空前的the most和空后的part可 知，空处作定语，应用形容词。
25. reliable　考查形容词。空处作定语，修饰空后的strategies，应用 形容词。故填reliable。
26. where　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句， 先行词是表示地点的areas，且空处在从句中作地点状语，应用表示地 点的关系副词。故填where。
27. built　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语，此 处表示建在沙漠中的大型太阳能电池板，空处应为过去分词作后置定 语，故填built。
28. in　考查介词。in place意为“在正确位置”，故填in。
29. achieving　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处位于which 引导的非限制性定语从句中，从句的句子结构完整，空处应为非谓语 动词。根据句意可知，此处表示前一动作的结果，应用动词-ing形式 作结果状语，故填achieving。

展开更多......

收起↑