资源简介

(共147张PPT)
主题概述
本主题探讨信息技术在现代社会中的广泛应用与网络安全防护的重要性，涵盖数字技术发展、网络安全意识、信息素养培养以及科技伦理等核心内容，旨在帮助学生掌握现代信息技术应用技能，增强网络安全防范意识，培养适应数字化时代发展需要的信息素养和负责任的网络公民意。网络空间已成为国家主权新疆域，网络攻击、数据泄露直接威胁经济运行和国家安全
子话题1　计算机与硬件
1. computer n.计算机；电脑
2. desktop n.台式电脑
3. laptop n.笔记本电脑
4. screen n.屏幕；荧屏；银幕
5. hardware n.硬件
6. camera n.摄像头；相机
7. microphone n.麦克风
主题单词
10. plug vt.&vi.插上插头 vt.以（塞子）塞住 n.插头；塞子
11. port n.（计算机与其他设备的）端口；港口
12. display n.（计算机屏幕上的）显示；显像；展览；表演 v.陈列； 展示
13. monitor n.显示器；班长；监督员 v.监控；监听
14. button n.按钮；纽扣
15. withdraw v.（使）撤退/回；（使）退出；取（款）
withdrawal n.撤回；退出；取款
8. keyboard n.键盘
9. mouse （pl.mice） n.鼠标；老鼠
16. hard drive 硬盘驱动器
17. server n.服务器；侍者
18. storage n.存储空间；存储
19. operating system （OS） 操作系统
20. CPU （Central Processing Unit） 中央处理器
21. centre n.中心，核心；焦点 v.将……放在正中央，以……为中心；（使）集中于
central adj.中心的；中央的；核心的；处于中心的
22. chip n.芯片；薯片
23. scan v.扫描；粗略地看；细看
scanner n.扫描仪
子话题2　网络与软件
1. net n.网；网状织物；球网 adj.净的；净得的
2. internet n.互联网
3. network n.网络
4. web n.网；网络
website n.网站
5. Wi-Fi n.无线网络
6. online adj.在线的，网上的 adv.在网上；联机地
7. link n.链接 v.使联系在一起；连接；声称……有关系；挽住
8. e-mail n.电子邮件
9. blog n.博客，网络日志 v.写博客
blogger n.博客作者；博主
10. access v.&n.访问；进入
accessible adj.易接近的；可进入的；容易理解的
11. click v.点击；（使）发出咔嗒声；豁然开朗 n.咔哒声；（鼠标）点击
12. install v.安装
13. delete vt.删除 n.（键盘）删除键
14. update v.&n.更新
15. software n.软件
16. app/application n.应用程序
17. platform n.平台；讲台；站台；计算机平台
18. program n.程序
19. cloud computing 云计算
20. search engine 搜索引擎
21. social media 社交媒体
子话题3　数据与人工智能
1. algorithm n.算法
2. bit n.比特；小块；小部分
3. file n.文件
4. fold v.折叠，折起 n.褶子；褶痕
folder n.文件夹
5. individual adj.单独的；个人的；独特的 n.个人
6. AR （Augmented Reality） 增强现实技术
7. VR （Virtual Reality） 虚拟现实技术
8. upload vt.上传
9. download vt.下载
10. input n.&v.输入
11. output n.&v.输出
子话题4　信息安全与风险
1. data n.数据；资料
2. database n.数据库
3. cybersecurity n.网络安全
4. firewall n.防火墙
5. defend v.防御；保卫
defence n.防御；保卫
defensive adj.防御的；保护的
6. password n.密码
7. code n.法规；行为准则；密码；编码 v.把……编码
decode v.解码；破译
8. cyberspace n.网络空间
9. spy n.间谍，密探 vt.看见；秘密监视 vi.当间谍，暗中监视
10. legal adj.法律的；合法的
illegal adj.非法的
11. arrest v.逮捕；拘留；阻止；心跳停止；吸引 n.逮捕；拘留； 停止
12. cyberbullying n.网络霸凌
13. bully v.欺负，恐吓 n.恶霸，恃强凌弱者
14. hacker n.黑客
15. bug n.程序缺陷
16. virus n.病毒
17. attack n.&v.攻击
18. leak v.&n.透露；（指消息、秘密等）泄密；漏水
19. crash v.（计算机）瘫痪，死机；撞车 n.（计算机）瘫痪，死机；撞车事故
20. misinformation n.虚假信息
21. identity theft 身份盗窃；身份盗用
22. patriotism n.爱国主义
主题短语
1. log in/on 登录
2. log out/off 注销；登出
3. back up 备份
4. break into 闯入；侵入
5. click on 点击
6. search for 搜索
7. guard against 防范
8. be aware of 意识到
11. recover from 从……中恢复
12. switch off/on 关闭/打开
9. protect from 保护免受
10. deal with 处理
主题语块
1. cyber security 网络安全
2. personal information 个人信息
3. data protection 数据保护
4. online privacy 在线隐私
5. digital technology 数字技术
6. information security 信息安全
7. computer virus 计算机病毒
8. secure password 安全密码
11. mobile payment 移动支付
12. internet addiction 网络成瘾
9. social media platform 社交媒体平台
10. cloud storage 云存储
主题佳句
高考必背写作佳句
1. 句型公式：be doing ...when ...
I was still hesitating， my past awkwardness flashing through my mind， when the professor gave me an encouraging smile.
我还在犹豫，过去的尴尬在我的脑海中闪过，这时教授给了我一个鼓 励的微笑。
2. 句型公式：完全倒装
Behind every book is a man， who gives the words life. Behind the man is the race， with its shared heritage. And behind the race are the natural and social environments that frame its path.
每一本书的背后，都站着一个赋予文字生命力的人；这个人的背后， 是承载着共同文化遗产的族群；而这个族群的背后，是塑造其发展轨 迹的自然与社会环境。
基础知识巩固集训（一）　默写训练
Ⅰ.单词默写
1. vt.&vi.插上插头 vt.以（塞子）塞住 n.插头；塞子
2. n.（计算机屏幕上的）显示；显像；展览；表演 v.陈 列；展示
3. n.按钮；纽扣
4. n.链接 v.使联系在一起；连接；声称……有关系；挽住
5. v.点击；（使）发出咔嗒声；豁然开朗 n.咔哒声；（鼠 标）点击
6. n.平台；讲台；站台；计算机平台
7. adj.单独的；个人的；独特的 n.个人
plug　
display　
button　
link　
click　
platform　
individual　
Ⅱ.派生单词默写
1. scan v.扫描；粗略地看；细看
n.扫描仪
2. blog n.博客，网络日志 v.写博客
n.博客作者；博主
3. fold v.折叠，折起 n.褶子；褶痕
n.文件夹
4. upload vt.上传
vt.下载
scanner　
blogger　
folder　
download　
5. defend v.防御；保卫
n.防御；保卫
adj.防御的；保护的
defence　
defensive　
Ⅲ.短语/语块默写
1. 　登录
2. 　备份
3. 　防范
4. 　保护免受
5. 　从……中恢复
6. 　关闭/打开
7. 　网络安全
8. 　个人信息
9. 　数据保护
10. 　在线隐私
log in/on　
back up　
guard against　
protect from　
recover from　
switch off/on　
cyber security　
personal information　
data protection　
online privacy　
Ⅳ.主题佳句默写
1. I ， my past awkwardness flashing through my mind， .
我还在犹豫，过去的尴尬在我的脑海中闪过，这时教授给了我一个鼓 励的微笑。
was still hesitating　
when the professor gave me an encouraging smile　
Behind every book is　
Behind
the man is　
behind the race
are　
基础知识巩固集训（二）　语境运用
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. Researchers are collecting （数据） about traditional folk songs to create a digital archive for future generations.
2. I managed to （看见） some rare ancient paintings displayed in the corner of the exhibition hall.
3. The beautiful traditional architecture can （吸引） the attention of visitors from around the world.
data　
spy　
arrest　
4. Cyber criminals often （攻击） cultural institutions’ databases to steal valuable historical information.
5. The old roof of the heritage building started to （漏水） during the heavy rainfall last week.
6. The museum’s computer system suddenly （瘫痪） during the virtual cultural heritage exhibition.
attack　
leak　
crashed　
Ⅱ.用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. The bank requires a valid ID for any cash （withdraw） over $500 from your account.
2. The library plays a （centre） role in promoting reading habits among students in our community.
3. The museum’s website should be more （access） to visitors with disabilities who want to plan their visit.
4. The security expert was able to （code） the encrypted message within just a few hours.
5. Downloading copyrighted movies without permission is considered （legal） in most countries around the world.
withdrawal　
central　
accessible　
decode　
illegal　
have attempted to break into ancient
sites　
click on the virtual exhibition links　
are searching for　
4. We must protecting intangible cultural heritage for maintaining cultural diversity.
我们必须意识到保护非物质文化遗产对维护文化多样性的重要性。
be aware of the importance of　
withdraw v.（使）撤退/回；（使）退出；取（款）→withdrawal n.撤回；退出；取款
练通 单句语法填空
①Many users decided to withdraw social media platforms due to privacy concerns.
②The company announced the （withdraw） of their outdated software from the market.
from　
withdrawal　
should withdraw from those meaningless online
activities　
用法
withdraw from 　　 从……中退出/撤离
make a withdrawal 　　取款
佳句 The moment he saw his brother’s hurt expression， he knew he needed to withdraw his harsh words immediately. （心理描写）
当他看到兄弟受伤的表情时，他知道需要立即收回那些刺耳的话。
积累
withdrawal symptoms 戒断症状
digital withdrawal 数字戒断
emotional withdrawal 情感疏离
centre n.中心，核心；焦点 v.将……放在正中央，以……为中心； （使）集中于→central adj.中心的；中央的；核心的；处于中心的
练通 单句语法填空
①The discussion should centre how to improve our network security system.
on/around　
写美 微写作
② has become the commercial heart of the city.
新购物中心已成为这座城市的商业核心。
③Our school newspaper that truly interest students rather than boring academic subjects.
我们的校报应该以真正让学生感兴趣的话题为中心，而不是枯燥的学 术主题。
The new shopping centre　
should centre on/around topics　
用法
centre on/around 　　　　　以……为中心
centre of attention 　　注意力的焦点
佳句 His entire world seemed to centre around making amends for the mistakes he had made.
他的整个世界似乎都围绕着为自己犯下的错误进行弥补。
积累
data centre 数据中心
network centre 网络中心
shopping centre 购物中心
cultural centre 文化中心
link n.链接 v.使联系在一起；连接；声称……有关系；挽住
练通 单句语法填空
①The research links excessive screen time sleep disorders in teenagers.
to/with　
click on this link to access　
will help link students from
different grades　
用法
link ...to/with ...　　　把……与……联系起来
link up 　　连接；联合
佳句 I tried to link my memories of our childhood to find the right words that could bridge the gap between us.
我试图把我们童年的记忆串联起来，找到能够弥合我们之间隔阂的恰 当话语。
积累
broken link 失效链接
missing link 缺失环节
network link 网络链接
access v.&n.访问；进入→accessible adj.易接近的；可进入的；容 易理解的
练通 单句语法填空
①The new website design makes online learning more （access） to students with disabilities.
②Many rural areas still lack access high-speed internet services.
accessible　
to　
have access to　
make our content more accessible and
engaging　
用法
have access to 　 有权使用/接触
gain access 　　获得访问权
easy access 　　容易接近
be accessible to　　可接近的
佳句 ①The library’s new digital system provides access to thousands of academic resources.
图书馆的新数字系统提供访问数千种学术资源。
②He finally understood that love means giving others access to your heart.
他终于明白，爱意味着让别人进入你的内心。
积累
Internet access 网络接入
database access 数据库访问
defend v.防御；保卫→defence n.防御；保卫→defensive adj.防御 的；保护的
练通 单句语法填空
①Companies invest heavily in cybersecurity to defend online attacks.
②The new firewall system provides strong （defend） against malware and viruses.
③When criticized about his parenting style， he became （defend） and refused to listen.
against　
defence　
defensive　
写美 翻译句子
④我不应该为自己的行为辩解，而应该承认错误并真诚道歉。
Instead of defending my actions， I should have admitted my mistake and apologized sincerely.
用法
defend against 　　防御……
defend ...from ...　　保护……使免受……
defend with　　用……来辩护或保卫
in defence of 　　为保卫……
佳句 ①True strength lies not in defending your pride， but in having the courage to admit when you’re wrong.
真正的力量不在于维护你的自尊，而在于有勇气承认自己的错误。
②We need stronger network security measures to defend our school’s computer systems from potential cyber threats.我们需要更强的网络安全 措施来保护学校的计算机系统免受潜在的网络威胁。
switch on 打开
练通 用switch的相关短语填空
①Every morning， I my computer to check emails and start my work.
②The IT department decided to to a new operating system next month.
③Please remember to all electronic devices before leaving the office.
switch on　
switch over　
switch off　
写美 微写作
④Let’s and make this new column the most popular section of our school newspaper.
让我们开启创造力，让这个新栏目成为校报最受欢迎的版块。
switch on our creativity　
用法
switch off 　　　　　　关闭
switch to 　 　转换到
switch over 　 　切换；转换
佳句 Sometimes the smallest gesture can switch on the light of forgiveness in someone’s heart.
有时一个最微小的举动就能在某人心中点亮宽恕之光。
积累
power switch 电源开关
switch channels 切换频道
mood switch 情绪转变
写作靓词——读后续写小妙招
grasp vt.理解；领会；抓紧 n.控制；紧握；理解
佳句背诵
①He grasped my hand and shook it warmly. （肢体动作）
他抓住我的手，热情地握了起来。
②He had a strong grasp of his emotions， remaining calm and composed even in the face of adversity. （情感描写）
他对自己的情绪有很强的把控力，即使面对逆境也能保持冷静和 沉着。
grasped
the victim’s wrist　
敲黑板
①grasp the overall situation 把握全局
②grasp the opportunity 抓住机会
写作佳句——应用文写作与读后续写佳句仿写
句型公式：be doing ...when ...
点拨 be doing ...when ...“正在做……这时（突然）……”，其中 when为并列连词，相当于and at this/that time。
when为并列连词的类似句型：
（1）be about to do/be on the point of doing ...when ... 正要做……这 时（突然）……
（2）had just done ...when ... 刚做了……这时（突然）……
背诵 I had just sat down to pack my bag when a girl named Sarah approached me and asked if I could write down the Chinese characters for her.
我刚坐下来收拾行李，这时一个叫莎拉的女孩走过来问我能不能帮她 写下那些汉字。
仿写
①我正要放弃，这时我最好的朋友鼓励我继续下去。
I my best friend encouraged me to go on.
②我刚刚从着火的房子里逃出来，这时房子塌了。
I it fell to the ground.
was about to give up/was on the point of giving up when　
had just escaped from the burning house when　
句型公式：完全倒装
点拨 完全倒装的三种情况：
（1）表示方位或时间的副词（如here， there， in， out， now， then 等）位于句首作状语，谓语动词为go， come等表示位移的动态动词 时，通常用完全倒装；
（2）表示方位的介词短语位于句首时，通常用完全倒装；
（3）在主系表结构的句子中，出于强调的目的，把表语提前，则构 成完全倒装。
背诵 Here are three suggestions on how to keep a balance between a part-time job and study. （建议信）
以下是如何平衡兼职工作和学习的三条建议。
仿写
①农场前流过一条小河，这条小河给周围的风景增添了更多的美。
， which adds more beauty to the surrounding scenery.
②我们敬爱的老师们出席了会议，他们的见解和奉献对我们的成长产 生了深远的影响。
， whose insights and dedication have profoundly impacted our growth.
In front of the farm flows a small river　
Present at the meeting were our beloved teachers　
Ⅰ.多义词汇
赏句猜义，选出加蓝单词的正确意思
1. plug
A. v.插上插头 B. v.以（塞子）塞住　C. n.塞子
①Please plug your phone into the charger before it runs out of battery.
②The sink was blocked， so I used a rubber plug to stop the water from draining.
A　
C　
③We need to plug the hole in the boat before it takes on more water.
B　
A. v.插上插头 B. v.以（塞子）塞住　C. n.塞子
2. monitor
A. n.显示器　 B. n.班长　　C. v.监控；监听
①Doctors need to monitor the patient’s heart rate throughout the surgery.
②The computer monitor displayed clear images during the presentation.
③The class monitor helped the teacher distribute homework to all students.
C　
A　
B　
3. click
A. v.点击 B. v.（使）发出咔嗒声　C. n.咔哒声
①I heard a click when I turned the key， and suddenly everything made sense.
②Click on the “Save” button to store your document safely.
③The camera clicked as she took the perfect photograph.
C　
A　
B　
4. code
A. n.行为准则　 B. n.密码　 C. v.把……编码
①The school has a strict dress code that all students must follow.
②The programmer will code the new software using Python language.
③She forgot her email code and couldn’t access her account.
A　
C　
B　
5. arrest
A. v.逮捕　 B. v.吸引　 　C. n.逮捕；拘留
①The news reported the arrest of three individuals involved in the robbery.
②The police will arrest the suspect tomorrow morning at his home.
③The beautiful sunset arrested our attention as we walked along the beach.
C　
A　
B　
Ⅱ.构词法
构词法 前缀vice-：表示“副”
写出下列句中蓝体词的词性和词义
1. The company vice-president will attend the meeting instead of the president.
2. The board elected a new vice-chairman to help with important business.
3. The vice-principal handles student discipline and works closely with teachers daily.
n.副总裁　
n.副主席　
n.副校长　
4. The government appointed a vice-minister to oversee environmental protection policies nationwide.
5. The soccer team’s vice-captain motivates teammates during training sessions every day.
6. The hospital vice-director coordinates daily operations and ensures excellent patient care.
n.副部长　
n.副队长　
n.副主任　
应用文写作（议论文——网络的利弊）
　　根据提示，用本主题词汇和句式完成下面的写作。
　　随着互联网的普及，网络给我们的生活带来了便利，同时也带来 了一些问题。请你以“The Internet：Benefits and Drawbacks”为题写 一篇英语短文，内容包括：（1）分析网络的优势与不足；（2）提出 合理使用网络的建议。
注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）题目已为你写好。
The Internet： Benefits and Drawbacks
　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　　 　

完成作文
The Internet： Benefits and Drawbacks
　　There is no denying that the Internet has transformed modern life significantly.
to have access to unlimited
information　
link our daily activities
to/with global networks　
centre our learning around online resources　
（以在线资源为中心开展学习） efficiently.However， many people 4. （脱离了面对面交流）， becoming isolated in virtual worlds.To use the Internet wisely， we must defend against cyber threats and learn to switch off devices regularly.Only through balanced usage can we maximize benefits while minimizing harm.5. （过去的日子一去不复返了） when we could ignore digital wellness.
　　In conclusion， the Internet requires responsible and moderate usage to serve us better.
withdraw from face-to-
face communication　
Gone are the
days　
学会构思
首段——开篇点题
说明网络对现代生活的重大影响。
中段——展开论述
①优势：信息获取、全球联系、学习便利；
②不足：缺乏面对面交流、虚拟世界孤立；
③建议：防范网络威胁、定期断网、平衡使用。
尾段——总结重申
强调需要负责任和适度使用网络。
读后续写[演讲比赛＋动作细节描写：笑（二）]
（一）语料积累——动作细节描写之笑（二）
单 词 1.laugh v.&n.大笑　
2.beam v.&n.绽开笑容　
3.roar v.&n.放声大笑　
4.howl v.&n.狂笑
语 块 1.roar with laughter 放声大笑　　　　　　
2.one’s face lights up 某人喜形于色 　　
3.explode with laughter 哄堂大笑
4.force/manage/squeeze a smile 强颜欢笑
5.flash a bright smile 露出灿烂的微笑　　
6.burst into laughter/burst out laughing 突然大笑
佳 句 1.All the students exploded with laughter when the teacher entered the wrong class.
当老师进错班级时，所有学生都哄堂大笑。
2.Although she was deeply disappointed with the result， she managed to force a smile for the cameras.
尽管她对结果深感失望，但她还是对着镜头强颜欢笑。
（二）学以致用——完成续写语段
　　根据提示，用本主题词汇和以上续写语料完成下面的写作。
　　前情介绍： 小明在英语演讲比赛中表现出色，当老师准备宣布最 终结果时，他紧张地等待着。
Joyful and proud　
flashed a bright smile　
His
face lit up　
4. （他的脸上绽开灿烂的笑 容）， Xiao Ming could hardly believe what he had just heard.The teacher continued to praise him：“Your hard work and persistence have paid off beautifully.” So overwhelming was his joy that Xiao Ming 5. （开始开怀大笑）.Soon， other students joined in and everyone began to 6. （哄堂大 笑）.Grateful and thrilled， Xiao Ming bowed deeply to his teacher.“Thank you for believing in me， Mrs.Liu.This wouldn’t have been possible without your support，” he said with sincere appreciation.
A broad smile spreading across his face　
began to laugh heartily　
explode with laughter　
学会构思
老师带来好消息
↓
露出灿烂笑容宣布结果
↓
小明惊喜反应
↓
老师表达赞赏和认可
↓
小明开怀大笑，感染他人
↓
表达真诚的感激之情
（分值：37.5分， 限时：25分钟）
Ⅰ.阅读理解
〔信息技术——人工智能〕
　　（2023·1月浙江卷）A machine can now not only beat you at chess， it can also outperform you in debate. Last week， in a public debate in San Francisco， a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents， including Noa Ovadia， Israel’s former national debating champion.
　　Brilliant though it is， Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out， yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond， professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University， put it： “There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about.”
　　What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning， and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed， to a computer， meaning is irrelevant. Humans， in thinking， talking， reading and writing， also work with symbols. But for humans， meaning is everything. When we communicate， we communicate meaning. What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols， but the inside too， not just how they are arranged but what they mean.
　　Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction， not of computation， interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads， but also outside， in society， in social memory， social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that’s why， however astonishing Project Debater may seem， the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍一个击败以色列前国 家辩论冠军的软件程序Project Debater以及它无法理解意义的缺陷， 说明了社会互动才是理解意义的关键所在。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍一个击败以色列前国
家辩论冠军的软件程序Project Debater以及它无法理解意义的缺陷，
说明了社会互动才是理解意义的关键所在。
1. Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph？ （　　）
A. To explain the use of a software program.
B. To show the cleverness of Project Debater.
C. To introduce the designer of Project Debater.
D. To emphasize the fairness of the competition.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，作者提到以色列前国 家辩论冠军Noa Ovadia是为了说明Project Debater在辩论方面比人类出色，即为了展示Project Debater的聪明。
√
2. What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to？ （　　）
A. Arguments. B. Doubts.
C. Errors. D. Differences.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据画线词的前一句可知，wrinkles指代errors。
画线词wrinkles所在的句子表示“这样的错误毫无疑问会被纠正”。
√
3. What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond？ （　　）
A. Create rules. B. Comprehend meaning.
C. Talk fluently. D. Identify difficult words.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句以及第三段中的What Hammond is referring to ...the most intelligent of machines.可知，根据 Hammond的说法，Project Debater做不到的是理解意义。
√
4. What can we learn from the last paragraph？（　　）
A. Social interaction is key to understanding symbols.
B. The human brain has potential yet to be developed.
C. Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters.
D. Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future.
√
解析：　推理判断题。最后一段聚焦“意义的产生”，指出意义是 通过社会互动生成的，而非计算。赋予意义的规则不仅存在于我们的 大脑中，而且也存在于外部，存在于社会中，存在于社会记忆、社会 习俗和社会关系中。这也将人类和机器区分开来，无论Project Debater 看起来多么令人震惊，从苏格拉底和孔子开始的传统不会因为人工智 能而结束。由此可推知，社会互动是理解符号的关键。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
〔网站设计——34岁的葡萄牙电脑工程师创建网站〕
　　（2021·6月浙江卷）
You’ve got mail ...and it’s a postcard
　　Paulo Magalhaes， a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer， loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Rome’s Colosseum.Or Africa’s Victoria Falls.Or China’s Great Wall.5.
　　“I often send postcards to family and friends.” he says to China Daily， “but you can imagine that after a while， you never receive as many as you send， and you realize that not everyone is into it.6. 　　” Seeking other like-minded souls， however， Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place：online.Many would say the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service， but Paulo’s hunch （直觉） paid off.
　　Today his hobby has developed into the website ， a social network that has grown to 575，217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it 10 years ago.7. 　　 Running the website has almost turned into a full-time job.
　　Language is certainly a barrier for many people.For postcrossing to work worldwide， a common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other.As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese， the concept doesn’t work if one doesn’t understand it.8. 　　 So a common language is required and in postcrossing that’s English since it’s widely spoken.
　　“Many people in China have limited exposure to English.9. 　　 That said， we know of many postcrossing members， including Chinese， who have actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing，” Paulo says.
A. And that’s totally fine.
B. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
C. He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby.
D. Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E. On August 5， the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F. Similarly， if you speak only Chinese， receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G. In short， he loves postcards， and the excitement of getting a hand- written note from someone far away.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Paulo Magalhaes发 起了一个网站，鼓励人们分享和交换明信片的故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Paulo Magalhaes发
起了一个网站，鼓励人们分享和交换明信片的故事。
5. G　结合上文可知，Paulo是一个非常喜欢收集各地风景名胜照片的 人，而G项就是对上文的总结与概括。
6. A　根据空前内容可知，Paulo经常给朋友们送明信片，但并不 是所有人都喜欢。同时下文又提到Seeking other like-minded souls， however，由此可推断，虽然并不是所有人都喜欢，但 Paulo还是努力寻找志同道合的人。A项（那完全没问题）能起到 上下文衔接的作用。
7. E　空前具体讲到了Paulo将自己喜欢明信片的爱好发展成了网站， 网站自成立以来已经有214个国家和地区的575，217名用户注册，E项 讲到最近交换明信片的数量已经达到了3，100万张，也是网站带来的 成果，承接上文。
8. F　根据上下文可知，该段主要讲述了明信片交换中的语言障碍。 如果你不懂当地国家的语言，可能没有办法很好地理解和欣赏明信片 上的意义。F项和空前一句都是针对此问题的举例说明。
9. B　根据上文可知，很多中国人接触英语有限。这与B项（那使得 学习和练习它变得格外困难）在逻辑上构成因果关系。
Ⅲ.语法填空
〔电脑教育——数码系统的本质和它们之间相互影响〕
　　（2020·新高考Ⅱ卷）These days， it is not unusual for 10-to 12- year-olds to publish their own websites or for second and third graders 10. 　　 （begin） computer classes.At the same time，computer games are becoming increasingly popular as major publishing houses continue to develop 11. 　　 （education） computer programs for children in preschool.Also， technological know-how has become a 12. 　　 （require） for most jobs in an increasingly digital world， as the computer has become a common tool in most 13. 　　 （profession）.
　　The Digital World is a set of volumes 14. 　　 aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts.Each volume in the set explores 15. 　　 wide range of materials， explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems， 16. 　　 discusses the influences they have on everyday life.Because the number of possible topics 17. 　　 （be） practically limitless， we focus on a sample of the most interesting and useful applications and tools and explain the basic principles of technology.Readers 18.
（encourage） to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of 19. 　　 （we） Further Resources section featured in each volume.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。近年来电脑教育越来越低龄化， 《数码世界》旨在展现数码系统对社会的影响，帮助读者了解数码 系统的本质和它们之间相互影响的部分。
10. to begin　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处考查“it is ＋形容词＋for sb＋to do sth”，故填to begin。
11. educational　考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰空后 的名词短语computer programs，需要用形容词，故填educational。
12. requirement　考查词形转换。根据空前的a和空后的for可知，空处 需要一个名词，故填requirement。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。近年来电脑教育越来越低龄化，
《数码世界》旨在展现数码系统对社会的影响，帮助读者了解
数码系统的本质和它们之间相互影响的部分。
13. professions　考查名词复数。profession表示“行业，职业”，是 一个可数名词，根据空前的most可知，空处需要用名词复数，故填 professions。
14. that/which　考查关系词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从 句，先行词为表示物的名词短语a set of volumes，关系词在从句中充 当主语，故填that/which。
15. a　考查冠词。a wide range of为固定表达，意为“广泛的，大范 围的”，故填a。
16. and　考查连词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词explores， explains和discusses是并列的，故填并列连词and。
17. is　考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处时态应该为一般 现在时；短语the number of ...作主语时，谓语动词应该用单数，故 填is。
18. are encouraged　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可 知，空处在句中作谓语。根据整篇文章的时态可知，本句需要用一般 现在时；再根据句意“读者被鼓励去继续探索数字世界”可知，用被 动语态；主语Readers为复数，故填are encouraged。
19. our　考查人称代词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后面的名词短 语Further Resources section，需要用形容词性物主代词，故填our。
〔词汇积累〕
阅 读 理 解 outperform v.超过，胜过
opponent n.对手
champion n.冠军；优胜者
weakness n.弱点（派生词：weak＋-ness）
string v.把……连在一起（词性活用）
fundamental adj.根本的，基础的
specify v.具体说明，明确规定
irrelevant adj.不相关的（派生词：ir-＋relevant）
assign v.分配，赋予
iron out 解决问题，消除困难
阅 读 七 选 五 engineer n.工程师
seek v.寻找，寻求
unlikely adj.不太可能的（派生词：un-＋likely）
exposure n.接触，暴露[派生词：expose（去e）＋-ure]
register v.登记，注册（词性活用）
make a connection with 与……建立联系
take part of the fun away 失去一部分乐趣
be into 对……感兴趣
语 法 填 空 educational adj.教育的（派生词：education＋-al）
preschool n.幼儿园（派生词：pre-＋school）
requirement n.要求（派生词：require＋-ment）
digital adj.数字的，数码的
profession n.职业，行业
volume n.卷，册
application n.应用
principle n.原理，原则
a wide range of 广泛的
know-how n.技能；专业知识（合成词：know＋how）
increasingly adv.越来越多地；日益（派生词：increasing＋-ly）
technological adj.技术的[派生词：technology（变y为i）＋-cal]
　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2026·南京、盐城模拟）Imagine an artificial intelligence model that can watch and understand moving images like you and me.Now， scientists have made this a reality by creating MovieNet： an innovative AI model that processes videos much like how our brains interpret real-life scenes.
　　This brain-inspired AI model can perceive moving scenes by simulating how neurons （神经元）make real-time sense of the world.While conventional AI excels at still image recognition， MovieNet is designed to understand complex，dynamic scenes， allowing it to recognize small changes over time.
　　To create MovieNet， Hollis Cline， senior author of the study， examined how animals’ brains process real-world scenes.Specifically， she studied how tadpoles’ （蝌蚪的） neurons respond to moving stimuli.Tadpoles’ neurons process these visual inputs like solving puzzle pieces： each piece alone may not make sense， but together they form a complete image in motion.Different neurons process various “puzzle pieces” of a real-life moving image， which the brain then combines to form a continuous scene.
　　Using this understanding， the researchers trained MovieNet to process video clips by identifying small visual signals， allowing it to distinguish between small changes in scenes.In testing， MovieNet achieved 82.3％ accuracy， outperforming trained human observers by about 18％ and doing much better than existing AI models.
　　Beyond its higher accuracy， MovieNet is more environment- friendly.Conventional AI requires vast amounts of data and energy， but MovieNet compresses （压缩） data like a zipped file， reducing environmental impact.“We’ve also made AI far less demanding，” says Cline.MovieNet could also transform medicine.It might help detect early signs of diseases by tracking small movement changes that are difficult for human eyes to detect.
　　Looking ahead， the team plans to improve MovieNet’s ability to adapt to different environments and enhance its potential applications.“By designing models that think like living organisms （有 机体）， we can achieve efficiency levels that aren’t possible with traditional AI，” says Cline.“Biology is a gold mine.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家研发出新型人工智能模型 MovieNet，它通过模拟神经元如何实时感知世界来理解动态场景。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家研发出新型人工智能模型
MovieNet，它通过模拟神经元如何实时感知世界来理解动态场景。
1. What does the underlined word “simulating” in paragraph 2 mean？ （　　）
A. Copying. B. Inspiring.
C. Demonstrating. D. Recognizing.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句可知，MovieNet是一款 新型人工智能模型，其处理视频的方式与人类大脑解读现实生活场景 的方式极为相似，它通过“模拟”大脑中的神经元如何实现实时感知 世界来理解动态场景。
√
2. MovieNet is trained 　　.（　　）
A. to integrate dynamic images
B. to increase visual inputs
C. to feed on information pieces
D. to look into tadpoles’ neurons
解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段和第四段首句可推知，研究人员 训练MovieNet整合动态图像。
√
3. According to paragraph 5， what is an advantage of MovieNet？ （　　）
A. Its powerful data storage.
B. Its low energy consumption.
C. Its control of medical diseases.
D. Its improvement on drug effects.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第五段可知，相对于传统的人工智能需 要大量的数据和能源而言，MovieNet更加环保，即能源消耗低。
√
4. What can be concluded from Cline’s words in the last paragraph？ （　　）
A. Biology brings us financial profits.
B. Living organisms can outperform AI.
C. AI can assist in biological development.
D. Drawing inspiration from biology is promising.
√
解析：　推理判断题。最后一段Cline说，通过设计像生物体一样思 考的模型，人们能够达到传统人工智能无法实现的效率水平，生物学 是一座金矿。这表明从生物学中获取灵感来设计人工智能模型是很有 前景的。
B
　　（2026·太原模拟）If you’re digitally skilled， it has likely been a while since you spent much time writing by hand.The laborious process of tracing out our thoughts， letter by letter， on the page is becoming a thing of the past in our screen-dominated world， where text messages and thumb-typed grocery lists have replaced handwritten letters and sticky notes.To keep up， many schools are introducing computers as early as preschool， meaning some kids may learn the basics of typing before writing by hand.Although electronic keyboards offer obvious efficiency benefits， giving up handwriting may come at a significant cost.
　　Typing pays no attention to the form of the letters — only involving relatively simple and uniform movements.By contrast， handwriting is a complex task.The motor system has to delicately adjust the pressure that each finger applies on the pen to recreate each letter.Adding to the complexity， your visual system must continuously process that letter as it’s formed， with your brain making adjustments to fingers in real time to create the letters’ shapes.“This process lets you make your body and what you are seeing mesh，”says Robert Wiley， a cognitive psychologist at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro. “Such complexity is crucial to mental development.”
　　Screens and keyboards replacing pen and paper might affect kids’ ability to learn letters， which is actually an important predictor of later reading and math attainments.If young children are not receiving any handwriting training， their brains simply won’t reach their full potential.For adults，typing often results in failing to actually process information.During a lecture， it’s possible to type what they’re hearing word for word.But often， they’re just typing blindly，failing to make information their own.On the other hand， taking notes by hand forces them to write only key words and use drawings or arrows to work through ideas.
　　Actually， we don’t have to drop digital tools， like graphics tablets and smart pens， to capitalize on the power of handwriting.Recent research suggests that writing on a screen activates the same brain pathways as writing on paper.It’s the movement that counts， not its final form.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。在屏幕主导的世界里，手写逐渐被 打字取代。本文对比了打字和手写的不同，指出放弃手写可能会付 出很大代价，如影响孩子的心理发展、学习字母的能力以及成年人 对信息的处理。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。在屏幕主导的世界里，手写逐渐被
打字取代。本文对比了打字和手写的不同，指出放弃手写可能会付
出很大代价，如影响孩子的心理发展、学习字母的能力以及成年人
对信息的处理。
5. What does the author intend to convey in paragraph 1？ （　　）
A. Abandoning handwriting is unwise.
B. Digital literacy is essential nowadays.
C. Handwritten communication is out of date.
D. Computer courses are urgently needed in preschools.
解析：　细节理解题。第一段描述了在屏幕主导的世界里，手写逐 渐被打字取代，即尽管电子键盘具有明显的效率优势，但放弃手写可 能会付出巨大的代价。由此可知，作者在第一段想要表达放弃手写是 不明智的。
√
6. What does the underlined word “mesh” in paragraph 2 mean？ （　　）
A. Set up. B. Run fast.
C. Mess up. D. Work together.
解析：　词义猜测题。画线词所在句上文讲手写是一项复杂的任 务，你的视觉系统必须在字母形成的过程中不断地处理它。由此可 知，在手写的过程中，你的身体和你所看见的东西会相互协调。因此 画线词与D项的意思最为接近。
√
7. What can be inferred from paragraph 3？ （　　）
A. Blind typing contributes to brain development.
B. Kids have a preference for screens and keyboards.
C. Handwritten markers are good for getting ideas linked.
D. Adults have the ability to memorize complex information.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段尾句可知，手写笔记迫使人们只 写关键词，使用图画或箭头来梳理想法，这说明手写标记有助于将想 法联系起来。
√
8. What is the author’s attitude towards using digital pens？ （　　）
A. Doubtful. B. Critical.
C. Favorable. D. Unclear.
解析：　观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者认为人们不必 放弃数字工具来利用手写的力量，最近的研究表明在屏幕上书写会激 活与在纸上书写相同的大脑神经通路。由此可推知，作者对使用数字 笔书写持支持的态度。
√
C
　　（2026·湖北名校联盟）I still recall typing essays on a beloved typewriter during my first year of university， gradually shifting to the first computer and email. The Internet’s arrival was gradual， like a child growing before our eyes， with qualities that were both predictable and unknown. As it became a global reality， predictions about its impact grew — covering research， communication， education， and the transformation of writing， learning， and memory.
　　The Internet， once a novelty but now an ordinary part of life， has ceased to surprise us and has developed into a deep dependence， with some falling into addiction. It integrates communication， knowledge， entertainment， and business into a single， accessible medium， making it as common as the telephone while distancing us from the world we once knew. This realization often strikes me as I find myself absorbed in front of a screen， even though surrounded by books， struggling to assess its true impact on my life.
　　I often find myself torn between appreciating the convenience of the Internet and being horrified by the dependence it promotes. The rapid pace and accessibility of information， along with social networking， have lessened our need to move in the real world. The Internet has reduced our existence to a screen， leaving little space for slowness， privacy， and peace， while the world I knew as a child， in books， contrasts sharply with the fast-paced， artificial realities of the digital world.
　　While technologies shape the real world， few have so deeply affected our minds. For those born after the Internet’s rise， it is all they know， while for those of us who lived in a pre-Internet age， the difference is striking. Perhaps teaching history and the evolution of technology in schools could help children understand that their technology， as deeply integrated into their lives as it seems， is just one part of the universe.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了作者对互联网发展的看 法，从大学时期使用打字机到逐渐过渡到电脑和电子邮件，再到互 联网的普及，作者既欣赏互联网带来的便利，又对其所引发的依赖 感到恐惧。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了作者对互联网发展的看
法，从大学时期使用打字机到逐渐过渡到电脑和电子邮件，再到互
联网的普及，作者既欣赏互联网带来的便利，又对其所引发的依赖
感到恐惧。
9. What does the author imply by comparing the Internet’s growth to a child’s？（　　）
A. Its complexity. B. Its anticipation.
C. Its slowness. D. Its inescapability.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，这里作者将互联网 比作一个孩子，是在暗示互联网的发展过程就像孩子的成长一样复 杂，既有可预见的方面，也有未知的方面。
√
10. What impact does the author think the Internet has had？（　　）
A. More unfamiliarity with others.
B. Less physical interaction.
C. An apparent lack of books.
D. A very noisy world.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，作者认为互联网已经减少 了我们在现实世界中的身体互动。
√
11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph？（　　）
A. Technology defines all.
B. The old era is better.
C. The world exists beyond technology.
D. Generations shape Internet trends.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为技术只是世界 的一部分，也就是说世界存在于技术之外。
√
12. Which of the following is the best title for the text？（　　）
A. The Rise of the Internet
B. The Internet’s Role in Modern Life
C. Shifting Realities： The Internet’s Impact
D. Typewriters to Screens： Digital Shift
解析：　标题归纳题。全文主要讨论了互联网对人们生活、思维方 式和现实感知的深刻影响。因此C项（现实转变：互联网的影响）最 能概括短文的主旨，为最佳标题。
√
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　（2026·东北三省模拟）In the age of digital saturation （饱和）， the need for a digital clean has become more pressing than ever.13. 　　 The following guide aims to provide you with practical methods to carry out a successful digital clean.
　　Assess your digital landscape
　　This involves evaluating the various aspects of your online presence， from your email inbox to social media accounts.Understand your digital footprint and identify areas that require attention.14. 　　 Besides， it ensures that nothing is left unexamined.
　　Simplify your inbox
　　The email inbox is often a breeding ground （滋生地） for digital mess.Create folders to organize important emails and cancel outdated messages.It not only reduces visual mess but also enhances your efficiency in managing critical communications.15.
　　16.
　　Have a thorough review of your social media accounts and unfollow accounts that no longer appeal to you.Consider setting boundaries for your social media usage， such as limiting time for checking updates.This approach develops a healthier relationship with social media， allowing you to enjoy its benefits without negative influence.
　　Reflect on digital consumption habits
　　As you clean your digital space，take a moment to reflect on your habits.17. 　　 Are there specific digital habits that lead to stress or distraction？ Use this reflection to make wise decisions about adjusting your digital habits for a healthier and more balanced digital lifestyle.
A. Use social media mindfully.
B. Our digital devices are essential in daily lives.
C. Review the privacy settings on your accounts.
D. Then you can enjoy a stress-free email experience.
E. This assessment sets the stage for a targeted and efficient clean.
F. Like physical space， our digital space also requires a timely clean.
G. Consider the impact of your online activities on your mental well- being.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在数字饱和时代进 行数字空间清理的必要性，并详细阐述了评估数字环境、简化收件 箱、谨慎使用社交媒体、反思数字消费习惯等具体的数字清理方法 及意义。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在数字饱和时代进
行数字空间清理的必要性，并详细阐述了评估数字环境、简化收件
箱、谨慎使用社交媒体、反思数字消费习惯等具体的数字清理方法
及意义。
13. F　上文指出在数字饱和时代对数字清理的需求比以往更迫切。 下文说明以下指南旨在提供成功进行数字清理的实用方法。F项既承 接了上文对数字清理需求的描述，又引出了下文关于数字清理指南的 内容。
14. E　上文讲评估数字环境涉及评估线上使用的各个方面，了解 数字足迹并确定需要关注的领域。下文说此外，它确保所有东西 都被检查到。因此空处应与评估数字环境的作用有关。E项与上下 文衔接紧密。
15. D　上文提到创建文件夹整理重要邮件、删除过时消息，这不仅 减少视觉混乱，还提高管理关键信息的效率。D项承接上文，介绍了 这样做的好处。
16. A　下文提到要全面审查社交媒体账户，取消关注不再感兴趣的 账户，考虑为社交媒体设定限制等，这些都是关于如何谨慎、合理地 使用社交媒体的内容。A项能够准确概括本段主旨。
17. G　上文说在清理数字空间时反思习惯，下文提出问题：是否有 特定的数字习惯导致压力或分心？G项与下文关于数字习惯对心理影 响的问题相呼应。

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