资源简介

(共144张PPT)
主题概述
本主题探讨科技创新对社会进步和农业发展的推动作用、人类文明的发展历程与未来趋势，旨在帮助学生深入了解科技发展的规律和影响、社会变革的驱动因素、农业发展的进程、人类面临的机遇与挑战，培养科学精神和创新思维能力，引导学生树立正确的科技观念和社会责任意识，形成积极的可持续发展理念和人类命运共同体意识
子话题1　农业发展与科技创新
1. irrigate v.灌溉
irrigation n.灌溉
2. invent v.发明
invention n.发明
3. innovate v.创新
innovation n.创新；革新
innovative adj.创新的
4. breakthrough n.突破；重大进展
主题单词
6. automation n.自动化
automatic adj.自动的；无意识的
automatically adv.自动地；机械地；无意识地
7. device n.设备；装置
8. equipment n.设备；装备
9. machinery n.（统称）机器
ponent n.成分；零部件
5. technology n.科技；工艺学；技术学
technological adj.技术的；技术上的
technologically adv.技术上地
11. patent n.专利
12. principle n.原理；原则
13. procedure n.程序；步骤
14. track v.跟踪；追踪 n.轨道；车辙；小径；路线
15. boost v.促进，推动 n.增长
16. artificial adj.人工的；人造的
17. AI＝artificial intelligence 人工智能
18. digital adj.数码的；数字显示的
19. facial adj.面部的
20. portable adj.便于携带的；手提式的；轻便的
22. smartphone n.智能手机
23. fridge （＝refrigerator） n.冰箱
24. printer n.打印机；印刷工人；印刷商
print v.打印；刊登；印染；冲洗 n.印刷字体；印记； 出版界
25. counter n.计数器；柜台；对立面
count v.数数；计算总数；把……算入，包括； 认为，看作
countless adj.无数的，数不尽的
21. convenient adj.方便的；便捷的
conveniently adv.方便地；便利地；合宜地
convenience n.方便，带来方便的事物，便利设施
26. confuse v.使困惑；混淆
confused adj.感到困惑的
confusing adj.令人困惑的
confusion n.困惑；混淆
27. operate v.操作；运转；做手术；经营
operation n.操作；运转；手术
子话题2　工业发展与能源
1. industry n.工业；产业
industrial adj.工业的
2. power n.电力；力量；威力
powerful adj.强大的；有力的
3. efficiency n.效率
efficient adj.高效的
4. nuclear adj.核能的
5. alternative adj.可替代的 n.替代品
6. power plant/station 发电厂
7. engine n.引擎；发动机
engineer n.工程师 v.设计；建造
engineering n.工程（学）
8. manufacture v.制造
9. mass production 大规模生产
10. motor n.马达；发动机
11. arrow n.箭（头）
12. bomb n.炸弹
13. radium n.镭
14. cable n.电缆；缆绳；有线电视；电报 v.给……发电报；给…… 安装有线电视
15. wire n.金属丝；电线；铁丝网 v.给……接上电线；打电报
16. circuit n.电路；巡回（赛）；赛车道；环行（路线）
17. unit n.单元；单位；装置；部件
18. simulate vt.模拟；假装，冒充；模仿； 拟态
simulation n.模拟
19. virtual adj.虚拟的
20. generate v.产生（电、热等）
21. compass n.罗盘，指南针
子话题3　科技影响与社会伦理
1. secure adj.安全的
securely adv.安全地；牢固地；被妥善保管地；有把握地
security n.安全
2. safe adj.安全的
safety n.安全；平安
3. impact n.巨大影响；撞击；冲撞 v.（对人或事物）有影响，有作 用；冲击
4. ethic n.道德准则；伦理标准
ethical adj.伦理的；道德的
5. clone n.&v.克隆
6. controversy n.争议
controversial adj.有争议的
7. dilemma n.困境；两难
8. double-edged sword 双刃剑
9. drawback n.缺点；弊端
10. private adj.私用的；个人的；隐私的
privacy n.隐私
11. replace v.取代
12. side effect 副作用
13. genetic engineering 基因工程
14. standard of living 生活水平
15. modify vt.修改
主题短语
1. with the development of ... 随着……的发展
2. speed up 加速
3. benefit from 从……中受益
4. cope with 应对
5. keep pace with 与……保持同步
6. in shape 状况良好
7. a variety of 各种各样的
8. let alone 更不用说
11. keep track of 掌握……的最新消息；了解……的动态
12. have no alternative but to do sth 别无选择只能做某事
9. in the long run 从长远来看
10. make a breakthrough 取得突破
主题语块
1. in the field of science 在科学领域
2. technological advancement 技术进步
3. digital transformation 数字化转型
4. sustainable development 可持续发展
5. scientific breakthrough 科学突破
6. innovation and creativity 创新与创造力
7. enhance work efficiency 提高工作效率
8. promote social progress 促进社会进步
9. foster innovation spirit 培养创新精神
10. drive economic growth 推动经济增长
主题佳句
高考必背写作佳句
1. 句型公式：the＋序数词＋n.＋to do sth
When it comes to the person I admire most in history， the first person to come to my mind is Confucius.
说到历史上我最崇拜的人，我第一个想到的人是孔子。
2. 句型公式：“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义
To us， nothing is more important than passing on kindness to those in trouble. （主旨升华）
对我们来说，没有什么比向身处困境中的人们传递善意更重要的了。
基础知识巩固集训（一）　默写训练
Ⅰ.单词默写
1. n.原理；原则
2. n.程序；步骤
3. v.促进，推动 n.增长
4. n.箭（头）
5. n.金属丝；电线；铁丝网 v.给……接上电线；打电报
6. v.产生（电、热等）
principle　
procedure　
boost　
arrow　
wire　
generate　
8. n.&v.克隆
9. n.困境；两难
10. adj.可替代的
clone　
dilemma　
alternative　
7. n.巨大影响；撞击；冲撞 v.（对人或事物）有影响， 有作用；冲击
impact　
Ⅱ.派生单词默写
1. innovate v.创新
n.创新；革新
adj.创新的
2. automation n.自动化
adj.自动的；无意识的
adv.自动地；机械地；无意识地
3. convenient adj.方便的；便捷的
adv.方便地；便利地；合宜地
n.方便，带来方便的事物，便利设施
innovation　
innovative　
automatic　
automatically　
conveniently　
convenience　
4. confuse v.使困惑；混淆
adj.感到困惑的
adj.令人困惑的
n.困惑；混淆
5. industry n.工业；产业
adj.工业的
6. simulate vt.模拟；假装，冒充；模仿；拟态
n.模拟
7. safe adj.安全的
n.安全；平安
confused　
confusing　
confusion　
industrial　
simulation　
safety　
8. ethic n.道德准则；伦理标准
adj.伦理的；道德的
9. irrigate v.灌溉
n.灌溉
ethical　
irrigation　
Ⅲ.短语/语块默写
1. 　加速
2. 　应对
3. 　与……保持同步
4. 　状况良好
5. 　从长远来看
6. 　取得突破
7. 掌握……的最新消息；了解……的动态
8. 　在科学领域
9. 　技术进步
10. 　提高工作效率
speed up　
cope with　
keep pace with　
in shape　
in the long run　
make a breakthrough　
keep track of　
in the field of science　
technological advancement　
enhance work efficiency　
the first
person to come to my mind　
nothing is more important than　
基础知识巩固集训（二）　语境运用
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. Scientists achieved a major （突破） in cancer research that could save millions of lives.
2. The school has purchased new laboratory （设备） to improve students’ learning experience.
3. The police used advanced technology to （跟踪） the suspect’s movements throughout the city.
breakthrough　
equipment　
track　
4. Modern smartphones can recognize users through （面部的） recognition technology.
5. Electric cars will gradually （取代） traditional gasoline vehicles in the coming decades.
facial　
replace　
Ⅱ.用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. Thomas Edison’s （invent） of the light bulb changed the way people live and work forever.
2. Modern technology has become increasingly （power） in preserving and sharing cultural heritage around the world.
3. This new system works with remarkable （efficient） and can process thousands of documents in just minutes.
4. The museum has installed advanced （secure） systems to protect its valuable ancient artifacts.
5. Many people are concerned about their （private） when sharing personal information on social media platforms.
invention　
powerful　
efficiency　
security　
privacy　
With the development of artificial intelligence technology　
benefit from online education platforms　
provides us with a variety of communication
methods　
have no alternative but
to continuously learn new skills　
track v.跟踪；追踪 n.轨道；车辙；小径；路线
练通 单句语法填空
①Scientists are keeping track the restoration progress of ancient artifacts using advanced monitoring systems.
②The hiking trail was difficult to follow， but we managed to stay track throughout the journey.
of　
on　
had lost track of what really mattered in our
relationship　
用法
keep track of 　 跟踪；了解……的动态
lose track of 　　失去联系；忘记
on track 　　在正轨上
track down 　　追查到
佳句 The moment I lost track of time while reading his story， I knew his words had touched something deep within me. （情感描写）
当我读他的故事忘记了时间的那一刻，我知道他的话触动了我内心深 处的某些东西。
convenient adj.方便的；便捷的→conveniently adv.方便地；便利 地；合宜地→convenience n.方便，带来方便的事物，便利设施
练通 单句语法填空
①It’s convenient for tourists （access） information about cultural sites through mobile apps.
②The museum is （convenient） located near the subway station， making it easily accessible.
③Online platforms provide great （convenient） for people to learn about traditional crafts from home.
to access　
conveniently　
convenience　
写美 翻译句子
④请在截止日期前，您方便的时候发送给我。如果您方便的话，我们 可以抽空聊一下，请告诉我。
Please send it at your convenience before then.If it is convenient for you to have a quick chat about it， please let me know.
用法
for convenience 　　 为了方便
at your convenience 　　在您方便的时候
It is convenient for sb to do sth　　某人方便做某事
佳句 ①China has made significant progress in this field， making it more convenient for people to travel.
中国在这一领域取得了重大进展，使人们的出行更加方便。
②I really like the idea of adding “Fun at my school” because it’s convenient for students to share their daily experiences.
我非常喜欢增加“校园趣事”这个想法，因为学生分享日常经历 很方便。
count v.数数；计算总数；把……算入，包括；认为，看作 →countless adj.无数的，数不尽的
练通 单句语法填空
①The archaeologists are counting advanced technology to help them uncover more historical secrets.
②There are （count） traditional festivals around the world that deserve our protection.
on　
countless　
写美 微写作
③ ， and I shouldn’t have let my pride get in the way.
与家人在一起的每一刻都很珍贵，我不应该让自己的骄傲阻挡亲情。
Every moment with family counts　
用法
count on 　　 依靠；指望
count ...as 　　算作；认为是
count in 　　把……算入
count out 　　排除；不包括
佳句 In times of family conflict， we must remember that every relationship counts and deserves our effort.（家庭关系）
在家庭冲突时，我们必须记住每一份关系都很重要，都值得我们 努力。
积累
countless opportunities 无数的机会
every second counts 分秒必争
confuse v.使困惑；混淆→confused adj.感到困惑的→confusing adj.令人困惑的→confusion n.困惑；混淆
练通 单句语法填空
①Many students feel （confuse） about the differences between tangible and intangible cultural heritage.
②Don’t confuse traditional culture outdated customs — they are completely different concepts.
confused　
with　
写美 微写作
③ as I realized the importance of family bonds over personal pride.
当我意识到家庭纽带比个人骄傲更重要时，我心中的困惑逐渐消 散了。
The confusion in my heart gradually cleared　
用法
confuse A with B　　　　把A与B混淆
be confused about 　　对……感到困惑
clear up confusion　　消除困惑
佳句 Family misunderstandings often arise from confusion about each other’s true intentions and feelings. （家庭关系）
家庭误解往往源于对彼此真实意图和感受的困惑。
积累
cause confusion 造成混乱
avoid confusion 避免混淆
confusing situation 令人困惑的情况
power n.电力；力量；威力 v.驱动；推动 adj.电力的；电动的 →powerful adj.强大的；有力的
练通 单句语法填空
①Technology has the power （bring） ancient civilizations back to life through virtual reality.
②Social media platforms are （power） tools for promoting traditional cultural practices globally.
③Artificial intelligence is （power） by advanced algorithms that can analyze cultural patterns.
to bring　
powerful　
powered　
写美 翻译句子
④宽恕的力量能够治愈我们之间的创伤，恢复我们的家庭纽带。 （家庭关系）
The power of forgiveness could heal the wounds between us and restore our family bond.
用法
have the power to do　　　　有能力做
come to power 　　上台；掌权
power up 　　启动
佳句 The powerful bond between family members can overcome any misunderstanding with patience and understanding. （家庭关系）
家庭成员之间的强大纽带能够通过耐心和理解克服任何误解。
积累
processing power 处理能力
powerful impact 深远影响
power of technology 科技的力量
renewable power 可再生能源
alternative adj.可替代的 n.替代品；选择
练通 单句语法填空
②Solar power provides a clean alternative traditional energy sources for heritage site maintenance.
to
turn　
to　
the alternative
approaches you mentioned　
用法
alternative to 　 　替代……的选择
have no alternative but to do　　别无选择只能
alternative solution　　替代解决方案
佳句 When face-to-face communication fails， written expression can serve as an effective alternative for resolving conflicts.当面对面沟通失 败时，书面表达可以作为解决冲突的一种有效替代方式。
积累
eco-friendly alternative 环保替代品
alternative energy 替代能源
alternative approach 替代方法
replace v.取代
练通 单句语法填空
①After the renowned master potter retired， his most talented apprentice replaced him the head of the workshop.
as　
replace the tension between us with
understanding and love　
用法
replace A with B　 用B替代A
replace sb as　　接替某人担任
be replaced by　　被……取代
佳句 No amount of pride should replace the importance of family relationships and mutual understanding. （家庭关系）
任何骄傲都不应该取代家庭关系和相互理解的重要性。
let alone 更不用说
练通 单句语法填空
①Many traditional crafts are at risk of disappearing.When experts saw the damage， they let a deep sigh.
out　
写美 微写作
②Many students find it difficult to understand the profound cultural significance， .
许多学生发现理解深厚文化意义很困难，更不用说欣赏它们在现代社 会的真正价值了。
let alone appreciate their true value in modern society　
用法
let down 　 使失望；辜负
let out 　　放出；泄露；发出（声音）
let go 　　放开；释放；解雇
let in 　　让……进入；允许
佳句 The cultural heritage is so fragile that it cannot withstand any more damage， let alone survive another natural disaster.
这份文化遗产如此脆弱，无法承受更多损坏，更不用说再经历一次自 然灾害了。
写作靓词——读后续写小妙招
pour vt.倒出；倾泻；斟（饮料）vi.倾泻；涌入；流动
佳句背诵 After the rain stopped， children poured into the park， laughing and chasing each other. （场景描写）
雨停后，孩子们涌进公园，笑着互相追逐。
靓句写作 ， I hugged my brother tightly， unable to say a word. （情感描写）
泪水从他的脸颊流下，我紧紧地抱住哥哥，一句话也说不出来。
With tears pouring down his cheeks　
敲黑板
①pour with rain 下着瓢泼大雨
②pour out one’s sadness 倾诉悲伤/烦恼
③pour into/out of the classroom 涌入/涌出教室
④with tears/sweat pouring down one’s cheeks
泪水/汗水顺着脸颊流下
写作佳句——应用文写作与读后续写佳句仿写
句型公式：the＋序数词＋名词＋to do sth
点拨 该句型用于强调“第几个做某事的人/事物”，序数词表示顺序 的先后，后面接名词和不定式作定语，突出某人在某个特定顺序中的 位置或某事物在序列中的排位。
背诵 This researcher is the fifth person in the team to successfully repeat this groundbreaking experiment.
这位研究员是团队中第五个成功重复这一突破性实验的人。
to achieve independent human
spaceflight　
to use the new AI laboratory　
句型公式：“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义
点拨 “no＋比较级”或“never＋比较级”结构可以表达最高级的含 义，通过否定相反的情况来加强语气，使表达更加生动有力，常用于 强调某种品质的极致程度。
背诵 The application prospects for this new technology couldn’t be better， as it promises to revolutionize multiple industries.
这项新技术的应用前景再好不过了，它有望彻底变革多个行业。
仿写
①在科学研究中，没有什么比基于错误数据得出的结论更危险的了。
In scientific research， nothing a conclusion based on faulty data.
②对人工智能伦理进行深思熟虑的讨论在当今社会显得尤为重要。
Thoughtful discussion on AI ethics in today’s society.
is more dangerous than　
has never been more important　
Ⅰ.多义词汇
赏句猜义，选出加蓝单词的正确意思
1. track
A. v.跟踪；追踪　 B. n.轨道；车辙 C. n.小径　 D. n.路线
①This hiking track offers the most scenic views of the entire national park.
②The high-speed train runs on specially designed tracks for safety.
D　
B　
③We followed a narrow mountain track to reach the remote village.
④The hunter tracked the deer through the forest.
C　
A　
A. v.跟踪；追踪　 B. n.轨道；车辙 C. n.小径　 D. n.路线
2. count
A. v.数数　　　　　　　 B. v.计算总数
C. v.把……算入，包括　 D. v.认为，看作
①When we calculate the total cost， we must count all the additional expenses.
②Please count how many students are present in the classroom.
③The little girl is learning to count from one to one hundred.
④I count myself fortunate to have such supportive friends in my life.
C　
B　
A　
D　
3. print
A. v.打印　　 B. v.刊登 C. n.印刷字体　 D. n.出版界
①The small print in the contract is difficult to read without glasses.
②Could you please print this document for the meeting this afternoon？
③Her latest novel has made quite an impact in the literary print.
④The local newspaper will print my article about cultural preservation next week.
C　
A　
D　
B　
4. counter
A. n.计数器　　 B. n.柜台　　　C. n.对立面
①The website has a visitor counter that shows how many people have viewed the page.
②Her optimistic attitude served as a perfect counter to his constant pessimism.
③The shopper works behind the counter at the local store.
A　
C　
B　
Ⅱ.构词法
构词法 前缀super-：表示“超级，在上”
写出下列句中蓝体词的词性和词义
1. （2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）As we soon come to learn from AI by Design， AI is already super-smart and will become more capable， moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence.
adj.超智能的　
2. Most kids want superheroes， sports team logos or princesses， while babies often receive scenes with flowers， trees and sea creatures.
3. Many people believe in supernatural spirits that have magical powers beyond.
4. The construction supervisor checks that workers follow all safety rules carefully.
5. The university bought a powerful supercomputer to solve complex scientific problems.
6. The forest was said to have supernatural creatures living among trees.
n.超级英雄　
adj.超自然的　
n.监督员　
n.超级计算机　
adj.超自然的　
应用文写作（发言稿——中国交通发展）
　　根据提示，用本主题词汇和句式完成下面的写作。
　　（2024·全国甲卷改编）英语课要求做课堂展示，请你根据所给 图片，以Development of Transport in China为题写一篇发言稿。
注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）题目和首句已为你写好。
　　From the vehicle of horses to today’s convenient transport， Chinese transport has an enormous development. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Development of Transport in China
　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　　 　
　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　
　　　 　　 　　　　　　　　　 　 　
完成作文
Development of Transport in China
　　From the vehicle of horses to today’s convenient transport， Chinese transport has an enormous development.
It is convenient for people to access shared bicycles　
count on these eco-friendly bikes　
have the power to
reach speeds　
are
gradually replacing traditional cars　
　　5. （没有什么比……更令人 印象深刻） these transportation achievements.These innovations undoubtedly make our daily lives more convenient and environmentally friendly， positioning China as a global leader in modern transportation technology.
Nothing is more impressive than　
学会构思
首段——开篇点题（发言意图）
点出中国交通发展的巨大变化。
中段——分点论述发展
①共享单车的便利性和创新意义；
②高铁的技术突破和连接作用；
③新能源汽车的环保替代和可持续发展。
尾段——总结展望
强调交通创新的重要意义和中国的领先地位。
读后续写[学校生活＋动作细节描写：笑（一）]
（一）语料积累——动作细节描写：笑（一）
单 词 1.smile v.&n.微笑　
2.grin v.&n.咧嘴笑　
3.chuckle v.&n.轻声笑　
4.giggle v.&n.咯咯笑
语 块 1.force a smile 勉强微笑　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.wear a broad smile 面带微笑；笑容可掬　　
3.comfort with a warm smile 用温暖的笑容安慰　　
4.grin from ear to ear 笑得合不拢嘴　　　
5.smile in relief 宽慰地笑了
6.giggle uncontrollably 忍不住咯咯笑
7.smile a watery smile 含泪笑了笑
8.with a broad/wide/bright smile on one’s lips某人的嘴角挂着灿 烂的微笑
佳 句 1.Despite her inner pain， she forced a smile to comfort her worried friend.
尽管内心很痛苦，她还是勉强挤出一个微笑来安慰她那忧心忡 忡的朋友。
2.The little girl giggled uncontrollably at the kitten’s funny movements in the garden.
看到小猫咪在花园里滑稽的动作时，小女孩忍不住咯咯笑了起来。3.Upon hearing that he passed the exam， he grinned from ear to ear with joy.
听到考试及格的消息，他开心地笑得合不拢嘴。
（二）学以致用——完成续写语段
　　根据提示，用本主题词汇和以上续写语料完成下面的写作。
　　前情介绍：“我”刚进入高中，第一次上科学实验课。面对复杂 的实验器材和陌生的同学，“我”感到非常紧张和不安。老师宣布今 天要做化学反应实验，每个人都要独立完成。
完成作文
　　I stood at the lab bench， staring at the unfamiliar equipment. Nervously， I 1. （勉强微笑） when my lab partner greeted me， trying to hide my anxiety.The teacher began explaining the procedures， but I found myself 2. （对……感到困 惑） the complex chemical formulas on the board.As I started the experiment， my hands trembled while mixing the solutions.Suddenly， the mixture began bubbling violently and spilled over.
forced a smile　
confused about　
In embarrassment， I watched as other students turned to stare， and I 3. （别无选择只能收拾 残局） .My eyes welled up as I 4. （含泪笑了 笑）， feeling like a complete failure.But then my teacher approached and 5. （用温暖的笑容安慰我）， patiently guiding me through each step.When I finally succeeded， I 6. （面带微笑）， realizing that making mistakes was just part of learning.This first experiment taught me that growth comes not from perfection， but from perseverance through failures.
had no alternative but to clean up the mess　
smiled a watery smile　
comforted me with a warm smile　
wore a broad smile　
学会构思
紧张开始，勉强应对
↓
困惑加剧，危机潜伏
↓
实验失败，羞愧难当
↓
获得帮助，成长转折
↓
主题升华：
失败是学习的一部分，
坚持比完美更重要
（分值：20分， 限时：15分钟）
A
〔科学与技术——人工智能图书推荐〕
　　（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives， we all need to take action to deal with our AI- powered future， and this is where AI by Design： A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in.This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution （变革）.
阅读理解
　　In the wrong hands， such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code （代码） that powers AI but， thankfully， Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable.She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic， making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which， by the close， will make you feel almost as smart as AI.
　　As we soon come to learn from AI by Design， AI is already super- smart and will become more capable， moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence.From there， Campbell says， will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence.This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now — several decades before these developments are expected to take place.She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence， or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse.
　　Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI — the technology companies and world leaders — so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it.She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction- level event for humanity.We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out.Such structured thinking， followed by global regulation， will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall.
　　AI will affect us all， and if you only read one book on the subject， this is it.
语篇解读：本文是一篇书评。文章主要介绍了一本以人工智能为主 题的书籍，包括该书的优点、作者对人工智能的思考以及对控制人 工智能的呼吁。
1. What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean？（　　）
A. If read by someone poorly educated.
B. If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned.
C. If written by someone less competent.
D. If translated by someone unacademic.
语篇解读：本文是一篇书评。文章主要介绍了一本以人工智能为主
题的书籍，包括该书的优点、作者对人工智能的思考以及对控制人
工智能的呼吁。
√
解析：　词义猜测题。根据画线短语后的but，thankfully ...into the understandable可知，坎贝尔有二十多年的专业经验，她能将令人头晕 的东西转化为容易理解的东西。由此推测，画线短语In the wrong hands指的是如果换一个能力不如坎贝尔的人来写这本书。competent 表示“足以胜任的，有能力的，称职的”。
2. What is a feature of AI by Design according to the text？（　　）
A. It is packed with complex codes.
B. It adopts a down-to-earth writing style.
C. It provides step-by-step instructions.
D. It is intended for AI professionals.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，她从一个商人的 实际角度来写作，使得这本书成为非常易懂且信息丰富的指南。由此 推断，这本书的写作风格非常务实。
√
3. What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development？ （　　）
A. Observe existing regulations on it.
B. Reconsider expert opinions about it.
C. Make joint efforts to keep it under control.
D. Learn from prior experience to slow it down.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句和第四段第一句可知， 坎贝尔建议让人工智能的发展处于控制之下，并呼吁技术公司、世界 领袖和人工智能专家携手应对。
√
4. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text？（　　）
A. To recommend a book on AI.
B. To give a brief account of AI history.
C. To clarify the definition of AI.
D. To honor an outstanding AI expert.
解析：　写作意图题。根据文章内容尤其是最后一段可知，文章主 要介绍了卡特里奥娜·坎贝尔的书AI by Design： A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence。由此推断，作者的写作目的是推荐一本关于人 工智能的书。
√
B
〔高新技术——无人机将改变铁路的未来〕
　　（2022·全国乙卷）Can a small group of drones （无人机） guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and， at the same time， help railway operators save billions of euros each year？ That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure （基础设施） worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
　　Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines.They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.The more regularly they can be inspected， the more railway safety， reliability and on-time performance will be improved.Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient （高效） across the board.
　　That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety.It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance， including sending maintenance staff， often at night， to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews’ efforts.
　　By using the latest technologies， drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways， detecting faults in the rail or switches， before they can cause any safety problems.To perform these tasks， drones for rail don’t need to be flying overhead.Engineers are now working on a new concept： the rail drones of the future.They will be moving on the track ahead of the train， and programmed to run autonomously.Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot.With their ability to see ahead， they could signal any problem， so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。无人机在保证铁路安全可靠的同 时，还能帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。无人机在保证铁路安全可靠的同
时，还能帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元。
5. What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible？（　　）
A. The use of drones in checking on power lines.
B. Drones’ ability to work at high altitudes.
C. The reduction of cost in designing drones.
D. Drones’ reliable performance in remote areas.
√
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Drones are already being used to ...aspects of rail infrastructure可知，无人机现在已经用来检测高压 电力线路，它们可以做同样的事情来检查铁路线路以及铁路基础设施 的其他重要方面。
6. What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to？ （　　）
A. Personnel safety.
B. Assistance from drones.
C. Inspection and repair.
D. Construction of infrastructure.
√
解析：　词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句可知，据计算，单是欧洲 铁路一年就要在维护上面花费约200亿欧元，其中包括常常在夜里派 遣维护员工去检查和修复铁路基础设施。由此可知，铁路 “maintenance”包括检查和修复铁路基础设施。
7. What function is expected of the rail drones？（　　）
A. To provide early warning.
B. To make trains run automatically.
C. To earn profits for the crews.
D. To accelerate transportation.
解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，因为能提前看 到，无人机可以感知到任何问题，这样快速前进的列车就可以及时作 出反应。由此可推知，期待铁路无人机具有的功能是提前发现问题， 并给列车发出警告。
√
8. Which is the most suitable title for the text？（　　）
A. What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones
B. How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C. What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face
D. How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways
√
解析：　标题归纳题。第一段是导入，综述无人机在铁路运营方面 的应用前景；第二段主要讲述无人机在铁路运营中的部分功能和作 用；第三段主要讲述无人机在降低铁路维护成本和维护铁路职员人身 安全方面的作用；第四段讲述无人机还能为铁路运营做的事情。由此 可知，本篇文章主要讲的是无人机将如何改变铁路的未来。
〔词汇积累〕
阅 读 理 解 A
address n.地址→v.解决，处理（文章义）
absorbing adj.引人入胜的，十分吸引人的（派生词：absorb＋-ing）
forthcoming adj.即将发生的
heady adj.令人头晕眼花的，令人陶醉的
informative adj.提供有用信息的（派生词：inform＋-ative）
sideline v.把……排除在核心之外，使靠边（词性活用）
downfall n.衰落，衰败，垮台（合成词：down＋fall）
阅 读 理 解 ill-intentioned adj.怀有恶意的（合成词：ill＋intentioned）
unacademic adj.非学术的（派生词：un-＋academic）
competent adj.足以胜任的，有能力的
come in 发挥作用，派上用场
on the same page 意见一致，达成共识
tipping point 临界点
be packed with 挤满，塞满
阅 读 理 解 B
infrastructure n.基础设施（派生词：infra-＋structure）
high-tension adj.高压的（合成词：high＋tension）
maintenance n.维护，保养（派生词：maintain＋-ance）
personnel n.人员，员工
autonomously adv.自主地（派生词：autonomous＋-ly）
co-pilot n.副驾驶
across the board 全面地，整体地
react in time 及时反应
switching points 道岔点
eyes in the sky 空中之眼（比喻用法）
　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2026·郑州质检）Just as damaged teeth can be replaced with gold crowns （人造冠）， scientists are exploring how gold can be used to repair damaged parts of the brain.
　　Scientists at Link ping University in Sweden said that a “brain of gold” might just be what we need to fight nervous system diseases. The plan is to put gold electrodes （电极） into the affected part of the brain.They will act as “telephone operators” between nerve cells and electronic medical devices， enabling communication so that the nervous system can function normally.
　　Treatment plans that involve connecting medical devices to the brain already exist. However， the electrodes used are usually made of hard metals， while the brain is like a jelly that “shakes” at the body’s slightest movement.
　　“As the body is constantly in motion， achieving close contact between something that is hard and something that is soft and breakable becomes a problem，” explained Klas Tybrandt， one of the scientists.
　　This is why the Swedish scientists are using a new material called “gold nanowires （金纳米线）”.As the name suggests， these are long， extremely thin gold threads — 1，000 times thinner than human hair. By putting them into rubber， the scientists have successfully created electrodes that are soft enough to connect comfortably with the human brain.
　　Gold can be made into structures as small as nanowires. According to Live Science， gold can be stretched， pressed or even rolled into all kinds of shapes without breaking. What’s more， gold doesn’t react with other chemicals in the human brain， making it a safe choice. Once placed in the brain， gold nanowires can last for at least three years， which is longer than many materials currently in use.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。瑞典科学家研发了新材料“金纳米 线”来探索黄金在人类神经系统治疗方面的潜在应用。用这种新材 料产生的金电极治疗大脑的方法解决了传统电极材料的硬度难题， 更安全、长效。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。瑞典科学家研发了新材料“金纳米
线”来探索黄金在人类神经系统治疗方面的潜在应用。用这种新材
料产生的金电极治疗大脑的方法解决了传统电极材料的硬度难题，
更安全、长效。
1. What role will gold electrodes play in treating nervous system diseases？（　　）
A. Replacing damaged nerve cells.
B. Serving as a communication link.
C. Activating different brain regions.
D. Protecting the brain’s unaffected parts.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，金电极将充当神 经细胞和电子医疗设备之间的“电话接线员”，使沟通成为可能，这 样神经系统就能够正常运作。所以金电极充当了沟通连接物。
√
2. What can we learn about gold nanowires？（　　）
A. They are harder than rubber.
B. They are as thin as human hair.
C. They can be placed into the brain.
D. They are in the final stage of development.
解析：　细节理解题。第二段讲到方案是把金电极置于大脑的受影 响区域；再根据第五段可知，瑞典科学家正在使用一种名为“金纳米 线”的新材料，可以舒适地与人类大脑连接。所以“金纳米线”可以 被放入大脑中。
√
3. Why is gold a safe choice for use in the brain？（　　）
A. It can be stretched by the brain.
B. It can be made into various shapes.
C. It is being used to create soft electrodes.
D. It has no negative impact on the brain’s functions.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第六段第三句可知，黄金不会与人脑中 的其他化学物质发生反应，因此它是一个安全的选择。
√
4. What is the main idea of the passage？（　　）
A. The unique properties of gold nanowires.
B. The history of gold use in the medical field.
C. The current applications of gold in the brain.
D. The potential use of gold in nervous system treatment.
解析：　主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了黄金在人类神经系统治疗方 面的潜在应用。
√
B
　　（2026·济南质检）Despite being born without hands， 12-year-old Aubrey Sauvie has never let limitations hold her back.From mastering martial arts （武术） to expressing herself through art， she advances bravely in a world that often prioritizes physical ability.However， her passion for drumming presented a special barrier：how could she hold the drumsticks without them slipping out？
　　Aware of Aubrey’s problem， her band director proposed her for Tech Engineering for Kids， a program which is run through a junior-level engineering course of the Tennessee Tech University.It involves students working in teams to design a form of custom assistive technology for children with special needs.Up to now， they have created toys and devices for children with sensory disorder.
　　Learning about Aubrey’s story， a team of ten engineering students of the program decided to create 3D-printed prostheses（义肢） specifically designed for drumming.They would send a certain design to Aubrey， who would then provide feedback， like “I think this is good， but it’s a little bit long.Could it be shortened？” or “It’s a little bit hot on my arm.Could you potentially， like， make it a little bit more breathable？”
The team created about six iterations of the prostheses until they were satisfied with the final product， which was not only hard-wearing but also flexible， allowing for drumstick attachments on both arms.This innovation not only improved sound quality but also provided the flexibility needed for advanced drumming techniques.
　　Aubrey was very grateful for this technical solution.“I was really excited that I was going to be able to use the new prostheses and try them out，” she remarked. “They are becoming a very useful and creative tool to help me with my drumming.” With her newfound drumming freedom， Aubrey sets her sights on mastering a full drum set.Meanwhile， Tech Engineering for Kids readies itself to extend its reach， bridging the gap between limitations and ambitions through technology.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。12岁的Aubrey Sauvie天生没有双 手，Tech Engineering for Kids项目的学生为她设计了专门用于打鼓的 3D打印义肢，使她能够操作乐器。这项技术为她提供了极大的帮 助，也展示了技术是如何帮助人们实现梦想的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。12岁的Aubrey Sauvie天生没有双
手，Tech Engineering for Kids项目的学生为她设计了专门用于打鼓的
3D打印义肢，使她能够操作乐器。这项技术为她提供了极大的帮
助，也展示了技术是如何帮助人们实现梦想的。
5. What troubles Aubrey a lot？（　　）
A. Lacking passion for sports.
B. Having no talent for music.
C. Inaccessibility to expert training.
D. Inability to operate an instrument.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的being born without hands和最后一句可知，Aubrey面临的挑战是如何在没有手的情况下 握住鼓槌而不滑落，这表明她面临的主要问题是无法操作乐器。
√
6. What is Tech Engineering for Kids intended to do？（　　）
A. Offer engineering courses.
B. Design sustainable devices.
C. Create personalized adaptive tools.
D. Improve users’ overall experience.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，Tech Engineering for Kids的目的是为有特殊需要的儿童设计个性化的辅助工具。
√
7. Which can replace the underlined word “iterations” in paragraph 3？ （　　）
A. Uses. B. Versions.
C. Materials. D. Kinds.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据画线词上下文可知，该团队把设计好的 义肢给Aubrey使用，然后根据Aubrey 提供的反馈意见重新设计，一共 设计了六个版本的义肢。iteration意为“迭代”，在这里指的是设计 的不同版本。
√
8. What does the text mainly tell us？（　　）
A. Limitations bring down people’s creativity.
B. Ambitions fuel the desires of the disabled.
C. Science breaks down the barriers among people.
D. Technology empowers people to pursue dreams.
解析：　主旨大意题。 通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Aubrey天生 没有双手，她对打鼓的热情使她面临特殊障碍。Tech Engineering for Kids项目的学生为她设计了专门用于打鼓的3D打印义肢，使她能够操 作乐器，帮助她继续追求梦想。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空
（2026·山西临汾二模）A late afternoon in the fall of 1986， I was sitting with the poet James’ Dickey.
I remember that particular meeting because of one 　9　 word. In a poem that was otherwise 　10　， a single adjective was clearly wrong. We batted 　11　 back and forth， but in vain. Hours later， the suitable word came to me. I was 　12　 about that word and opened the phone book to 　13　 Mr Dickey’s number. When he 　14　， I said， “The word is ‘pale’.” He entirely agreed. For an instant， the world made a kind of 　15　 it hadn’t made before.
I had not thought about that phone call， much less that poem， in many years， but I’ve begun to think about it often. A flurry of “AI assistants” has suddenly 　16　 my inboxes and Word documents and texts. Everything I type now is 　17　 with hovering （悬浮的） robots suggesting 　18　 robot words.
The writing teachers I know 　19　 to persuade their students not to use these tools. They are everywhere， 　20　 to brush them away. But letting a robot structure your essay， or 　21　 your style by removing novel elements， is dangerous. We know who we are by 　22　 the right words to tell others， and ourselves， how we 　23　 the world. The world which no one else sees in exactly that way.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者对找词的 经历及AI辅助写作的思考和看法。
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者对找词的
经历及AI辅助写作的思考和看法。
9. A. ill-chosen B. misplaced
C. well-matched D. misleading
解析：　根据下文a single adjective was clearly wrong可知，此处指一 个选择不当的词导致了这次特别的会面。
10. A. translated B. finished
C. transformed D. described
解析：　根据下文可知，这首诗已经完成了，但其中一个形容词用 错了。
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11. A. techniques B. concepts
C. alternatives D. topics
解析：　根据上文可知，一个词用错了，所以这里应是讨论各种可 以替代那个错词的词。
12. A. doubtful B. excited
C. curious D. confused
解析：　根据上文the suitable word came to me可知，想到了合适的 词，作者应该是兴奋的。
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13. A. list out B. write down
C. sort out D. look up
解析：　根据上文opened the phone book可知，打开电话簿是为了查 找号码。
14. A. answered B. confirmed
C. hesitated D. waited
解析：　根据上文可知，作者给Dickey先生打电话，这里应是 Dickey先生接电话时。
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15. A. effort B. trouble
C. attempt D. sense
解析：　根据上文可知，想到合适的词后，世界变得有意义了。
16. A. neglected B. emptied
C. dominated D. copied
解析：　根据下文Everything I type now is 　17　 with hovering （悬
浮的） robots suggesting 　　18　 robot words.可知，人工智能助手占
据了作者的各种信息渠道。
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17. A. thick B. content
C. decorated D. consistent
解析：　根据下文with hovering （悬浮的） robots suggesting可知， 此处指作者输入的东西充斥着悬浮的机器人的建议词。be thick with表 示“充满，充斥着”。
18. A. vivid B. complex
C. unwelcome D. informal
解析：　根据下文robot words以及作者对AI助手的看法可知，这些 机器人词汇建议是不受欢迎的。
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19. A. demand B. struggle
C. seem D. volunteer
解析：　根据下文可知，写作老师在努力说服学生不要使用这些 工具。
20. A. impolite B. inconvenient
C. improper D. impossible
解析：　根据上文They are everywhere可知，想把这些AI助手赶走是 不可能的。
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21. A. sharpen B. flatten
C. improve D. keep
解析：　根据下文by removing novel elements可知，删除新颖元素会 使文章风格变得平淡。
22. A. marking B. memorizing
C. finding D. spelling
解析：　根据下文the right words to tell others可知，此处指找到正确 的词来表达自己。
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23. A. change B. shape
C. redefine D. perceive
解析：　根据下文可知，找到合适的词是为了表达自己对世界的 感知。
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Ⅲ.语法填空
　　（2026·豫西北教研联盟质量检测）DeepSeek is an outstanding AI start-up based in Hangzhou， China， which has been making waves in the global AI landscape. It has developed a series of 24. 　　（remark） AI models that are not only powerful but also cost-effective.
　　For instance， DeepSeek has released models like DeepSeek-V3 and DeepSeek-R1. 25. 　　 former， with 671 billion parameters， can handle tasks such as 26. 　　（code）， translation， and essay/email generation. DeepSeek-R1， a reasoning model， is designed to compete with some of OpenAI’s models. 27. 　　 makes DeepSeek stand out is its use of older-generation hardware like NVIDIA’s H800 chips. This 28. 　　（result） in a significantly lower training cost. While training a model like OpenAI’s GPT-4 may cost around 100 million， DeepSeek can achieve a similar 29. 　　（perform） with a training cost of less than 6 million.
　　In addition， DeepSeek’s models are accessible at a much 30. （low） price point. Its subscription cost starts at 0.50 per month， 31. 　　（compare） to OpenAI’s ChatGPT which charges 20 per month. This affordability allows people with budget restrictions 32. （access） advanced AI services.
　　Although like any new technology， DeepSeek also faces some challenges， it is undoubtedly a rising star 33. 　　 the field of AI， and its future development is worth following closely.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕中国杭州的人工智能 初创公司DeepSeek展开，介绍了其开发的人工智能模型、特点（强 大且具有成本效益）、与其他公司模型的对比，还提到面临的挑战 及未来的发展等。
24. remarkable　考查形容词。空处修饰名词AI models，应用形容 词。remark的形容词形式是remarkable。
25. The　考查冠词。此处特指前面提到的DeepSeek-V3， the former 表示“前者”，故填The。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕中国杭州的人工智能
初创公司DeepSeek展开，介绍了其开发的人工智能模型、特点（强
大且具有成本效益）、与其他公司模型的对比，还提到面临的挑战
及未来的发展等。
26. coding　考查非谓语动词。根据空前的such as可知，空处应与 translation和essay/email generation并列。　
27. What　考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为主语从句，空 处在从句中作主语，意为“……的东西”，故填What。
28. results　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处描述客观事实，应用 一般现在时，主语是This，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
29. performance　考查名词。根据前面的不定冠词a和形容词similar可 知，此处需要填一个单数可数名词，perform是动词，其名词形式是 performance。
30. lower　考查形容词比较级。根据语境可知，此处是将DeepSeek的 模型价格与OpenAI的ChatGPT的价格进行比较，空前的much也是提 示，应用比较级，low的比较级是lower。
31. compared　考查非谓语动词。空处作非谓语，compare与其逻辑主 语cost之间是动宾关系，故填compared。
32. to access　考查非谓语动词。allow sb to do sth意为“允许某人做 某事”，故填to access。
33. in　考查介词。in the field of意为“在……领域”，这里表示在人 工智能领域，故填in。

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