高中英语语法 虚拟语气(1)wish的用法 优质课件+内嵌音视频

资源下载
  1. 二一教育资源

高中英语语法 虚拟语气(1)wish的用法 优质课件+内嵌音视频

资源简介

(共56张PPT)





wish
课程目录
01
考点结合视频精讲
Wish虚拟语气的
三种时态形态
02
例题解析
高考真题实战演练
典型例题深度剖析
03
总结回顾
全课知识点系统复盘
巩固强化记忆
1.对现在虚拟(与现在事实相反)
结构:wish + 主语 + 过去式 (be原则上统一用were)
含义:现在不是这样,但愿现在是
例:I wish I were free.
2.对过去虚拟(与过去事实相反)
结构:wish + 主语 + had done
含义:当初没发生,但愿当初发生
例:I wish I had gone.
3.对将来虚拟(期盼将来,多半不会实现)
①表意愿/情愿 (劝别人、盼对方愿意):wish + sb + would do
例:I wish you would stay. (希望你愿意留下)
②表能力/可能性 (盼能做到):wish + sb + could do
例:I wish I could go. (希望我能去)
教学纲要
I wish I had money.


解析:我希望我有钱。(事实:我现在没钱)
为什么用 had?
想表达现在没钱这个事实
wish 从句时态向过去退一档
一般现在时 have → 倒退成 had
I wish I had a brother like George.
-Really


解析:我希望我有一个像乔治这样的弟弟。(事实:没弟弟)
为什么用 had?
想说现在没有
wish 从句时态向过去退一档
原形 have → 过去式 had
Ooh, look at that. I wish uncle Bill had your muscle. And you're handsome, too.


解析:哇,你看呐。我真希望比尔叔叔有你这样的肌肉。
含义:希望他现在能有,但现实不是这样
为什么用 had?
想说现在没有
wish 从句时态向过去退一档
原形 have → 过去式 had
Do you ever wish you were just like everyone else
-Not at all.
-Me neither. I love being smarter than everyone.
-Me too.


解析:你有没有希望过自己就跟其他人一样?(事实:我们不是普通人)
为什么用 were?
表达与现实相反的愿望
wish 从句时态向过去退一档
原形 are → 过去式 were
I wish Dad were here to see this.


解析:我真希望爸爸现在在这里,能看到这一切。(事实:爸爸不在)
wish 后面表达与现在事实相反
原则上 be 动词一律用 were
不用 was
I wish I were a fairy, just like you.


解析:我希望我是一个小精灵,就像你一样。(事实:我不是)
wish 后面跟现在不可能的事
原则上 be 动词一律用 were
不用 was
Wow, I wish my kids were here. You could have been friends.
解析:哇,真希望我的孩子们在这儿。你们本会成为好朋友的。
(事实:可惜我的孩子不在这。要是在这的话,你们早就成为好
朋友了)
前半句希望现在在
后半句惋惜过去没机会
Dad, will you please tell them there's no such thing as ghost
-I wish I could. I wish I could.


解析:爸爸,你能不能告诉他们世上根本没有鬼?(事实:他们认为有)
我真希望我能啊…… 我真希望我能啊。
I wish I could = 现在不能,但愿现在能
You get three wishes.
-I wish we had known that earlier.
-Okay, you got two wishes left.


解析:你有三个愿望。-我真希望我们早点知道这件事。(事实:当初不知道)
为什么用 had known?
表达与过去相反的愿望
wish 从句时态向过去退一档
wish + had done → 过去没做到,但愿当初做到
This story is going too fast! I wish that paragraph had been a little longer.


解析:这个故事进展太快了!我真希望那段能再长一点就好了。
(事实:刚才太短了)
为什么用 had been?
表达与过去相反的愿望
wish 从句时态向过去退一档
wish + had been → 刚才那段别那么短就好了
I wish the ring had never come to me. I wish these had never happened.


解析:我真希望这枚戒指从未到我手上。我真希望这一切从未发生过。
(事实:但当初都发生了)
为什么用 had come 和 had happened?
表达与过去相反的愿望
wish 从句时态向过去退一档
wish + had done → 当初没发生就好了
I did not kill Joffrey, but I wish that I had (killed him).


解析:我没有杀乔佛里,但我真希望我杀了。(事实:当时不是我杀的)
为什么用 had killed?
表达与过去相反的愿望
wish 从句时态向过去退一档
wish + had killed → 当初是我杀了他就太棒了
When I was 8, I used to concentrate on things I didn’t have. I wished I could have arms and legs. I wished I could do this...


I wish I had arms.
现在希望有手臂 → 现在没有(与现在相反)
I wished I could have arms.
过去希望能有手臂 → 当时没有(与过去相反)
I wish I had had arms.
现在希望过去有手臂 → 当时没有(与过去相反)
解析:
I wish you'd wait and leave tomorrow.
-I just want to get on with it.


解析:我真希望你能等等,明天再走。 (事实:不将等待,马上就走)
wish you would → 希望你肯 / 愿意(将来)做
I'll tell you everything.
-I wish you would.


解析:我会把一切都告诉你。-但愿你真的会。
(事实:不将倾诉,不敢期待)
wish you would = 希望你肯 / 会(将来)做
解析:时间标志:yesterday → 针对过去的愿望 / 遗憾
对过去事实相反:wish + 主语 + had + 过去分词
句意:我真希望昨天见到了你,但是我当时太忙了。
事实:昨天并没有见到你,与过去事实相反。
选项排除:
A. saw:对现在虚拟,时态不符
C. have seen:现在完成时,不用于 wish 虚拟
D. see:原形,完全错误


I wish I ______ you yesterday, but I was too busy.
A. saw B. had seen C. have seen D. see
高考真题演练 01
B
解析:时态判断 : 句子无过去 / 将来时间词,是对现在事实虚拟
真实情况:我不是小鸟,与现在事实相反。
wish 现在虚拟结构 wish + 从句主语 + 动词过去式
be 动词一律统一用 were(不分人称)
选项排除:
A. am 现在时,不虚拟
B. was 口语可用,但高考语法单选题标准答案只用 were
D. be 原形错误


How I wish I ____ a bird and could fly freely in the sky!
A. am B. was C. were D. be
高考真题演练 02
C
解析:时间标志:tomorrow 明天 → 对将来虚拟
wish 将来虚拟结构 wish + 主语 + would + 动词原形
表达对未来难以实现的期盼、愿望
句意:我希望明天天气晴朗,我们要去野餐。
事实:明天天气未必晴朗,只是主观期盼。
选项排除:
A. will be:真实将来时态,不用在 wish 虚拟句
C. is:现在时,不符
D. were:对现在虚拟,时态错误


I wish it ____ fine tomorrow, for we will go for a picnic.
A. will be B. would be C. is D. were
高考真题演练 03
B
解析:时间标志:now 现在,对现在事实虚拟
语法结构: wish + 从句,与现在事实相反 → 从句用一般过去时态
真实事实:我们现在没有更多空闲时间
句意:我们都希望现在能有更多空余时间。
选项排除:
A. have 原形,不虚拟
C. will have 将来时,不用在 wish 虚拟
D. had had 过去完成时,用于对过去虚拟


We all wish we ______ more free time now.
A. have B. had C. will have D. had had
高考真题演练 04
B
解析:时间标志:at that time 在那时,指向过去
虚拟规则:wish 后从句,与过去事实相反 → 从句用 had + 过去分词
真实情况:他当时已经犯了错误,现在心生懊悔
句意:他多希望自己当时没有犯下那些错误。
选项排除:
A. didn’t make:对现在虚拟,时态不对
B. hasn’t made:现在完成时,不用于 wish 虚拟
D. wouldn’t make:对将来虚拟,不符合语境


He wishes he ______ his mistakes at that time.
A. didn’t make B. hasn’t made C. hadn’t made D. wouldn’t make
高考真题演练 05
C
解析:判断时态: soon 不久、很快,表将来,是对未来的期盼,用wish 将来虚拟。
语法公式: wish + 主语 + would + 动词原形
用来盼望将来不如意的事尽快改变。
句意: 雨已经下好几天了,我希望雨快点停。
选项排除:
A. stops 一般现在时,不虚拟
B. stopped 对现在虚拟
D. had stopped 对过去虚拟


I wish it ______ soon. It has been raining for days.
A. stops B. stopped C. would stop D. had stopped
高考真题演练 06
C
解析:时间提示:now 现在,对现在事实虚拟
wish 现在虚拟结构:wish + 从句用一般过去式
真实事实:汤姆现在住在小镇,不在北京
句意:汤姆希望自己现在住在北京,而不是小镇。
选项排除:
A. lives 一般现在时,非虚拟
C. will live 将来时
D. has lived 现在完成时,均不适用


Tom wishes he ___ in Beijing instead of in a small town now.
A. lives B. lived C. will live D. has lived
高考真题演练 07
B
解析:时间标志:last week 上周,明确指向过去
虚拟规则: wish 从句对过去事实相反 → 用 had + 过去分词
真实情况:他们上周输掉了比赛,心生遗憾
句意:他们真希望上周赢下那场比赛。
选项排除:
A. won:一般过去式,用于对现在虚拟
B. win:动词原形,不用于虚拟语气
D. would win:对将来虚拟,时态不符


They wish they ______ the game last week.
A. won B. win C. had won D. would win
高考真题演练 08
C
解析:无时间关键词,表抱怨、希望对方停止,所以有将来含义
结构:wish + sb. + would (not) do
句意:我希望你别制造这么多噪音,我正在努力集中注意力。
事实:对方正在制造噪音,说话人表示不满与希望改变。
选项排除:
A. 一般现在时,不虚拟
B. 对现在状态虚拟,不表 “抱怨 / 要求”
D. 真实将来时,不能用于 wish 从句


I wish you ______ so much noise. I’m trying to concentrate.
A. don’t make B. didn’t make
C. wouldn’t make D. won’t make
高考真题演练 09
C
解析:时间标志:next time 下次,表将来
语法结构: 表将来委婉期盼、希望 wish + 主语 + would (not) + 动词原形
事实:担心你下次还迟到,真心希望你不要再迟到
句意:我希望你下次不要再迟到了。
选项排除:
A. aren’t:一般现在时,非虚拟
B. weren’t:对现在虚拟
C. won’t be:真实将来时,不能用在 wish 从句


I wish you ______ late again next time.
A. aren’t B. weren’t C. won’t be D. wouldn’t be
高考真题演练 10
D
解析:时态判断: every day 表现在日常,与当下事实不符,用现在虚拟。
结构用法: wish 后表现在没能实现的能力 / 愿望:主语 + could + 动词原形
事实:妈妈平日里没法多休息。
句意:妈妈希望自己每天能多休息一会儿。
选项排除:
A. can have:真实语气,不用在 wish 虚拟句
C. had:单纯过去式,侧重状态,不侧重 “能够”
D. has:一般现在时,非虚拟


My mother wishes she ______ more rest every day.
A. can have B. could have C. had D. has
高考真题演练 11
B
解析:时间关键词:then 那时,指过去。
虚拟规则: wish 从句与过去事实相反,句型:wish + 主语 + had + 过去分词
真实情况:当时没有听从建议,事后后悔
句意:我真希望当时听了你的建议,可我没有。
选项排除:
A. took:对现在虚拟
B. take:原形,不用于虚拟
D. would take:对将来虚拟


I wish I ______ your advice then, but I didn’t.
A. took B. take C. had taken D. would take
高考真题演练 12
C
解析:时间标志:one day 将来某天,表未来愿望
虚拟结构:wish 对将来虚拟 wish + 主语 + would + 动词原形
表达未来难以轻易实现的期盼
真实情况:目前暂时没法出国深造,只是憧憬未来
句意:这个女孩希望将来有一天能出国留学。
选项排除:
A. study 原形,不用于虚拟
B. studied 对现在虚拟
D. had studied 对过去虚拟


The girl wishes she ______ abroad one day.
A. study B. studied C. would study D. had studied
高考真题演练 13
C
解析:时间标志:tomorrow 明天,表将来
虚拟结构: wish 表达对未来的期盼 wish + 主语 + would + 动词原形
真实情况:不确定对方明天能否一起来,只是满心希望
句意:我多希望你明天能和我们一起去。
选项排除:
A. come 原形,不用于虚拟
B. came 对现在虚拟
D. had come 对过去虚拟


How I wish you ______ with us tomorrow.
A. come B. came C. would come D. had come
高考真题演练 14
C
解析:时间标志:last month 上个月,确定对过去虚拟
虚拟公式:wish + 从句(过去虚拟)had + 过去分词
本题为被动语态,故用 had been done
事实:上个月并没有被邀请,心存遗憾
句意:我真希望上个月能受邀参加那场派对。
选项排除:
A. was / B were:用于现在虚拟
D. am:一般现在时,完全错误


I wish I ______ invited to that party last month.
A. was B. were C. had been D. am
高考真题演练 15
C
复习:对现在事实的虚拟 (Wish)
核心结构
Wish + (that) + 主语 +过去式 / were
含义:表示与当前事实不符的愿望或遗憾。
不管主语是单数还是复数,be动词通常统一用were(口语中was也可接受)。
例题与解析
例1: I wish I were taller.
解析:实际情况是 I am short (我很矮)。对现在身高的遗憾。
例2: She wishes she knew the answer.
解析:实际情况是 She doesn't know the answer (她不知道)。
口诀记忆:Wish + 过去,与现事实反,表遗憾与祝愿。
复习:对过去事实的虚拟
核心含义
这类题目通常表达说话者对过去已经发生的事情的懊悔、遗憾或惋惜,暗含“要是当初……就好了”的假设意味。
解题关键
锁定过去时间标志词是判断依据!
常见标志词:yesterday, last week, earlier, in 2023, the day before yesterday
例3:"I wish I had taken your advice earlier."(我真希望当初早点听你的建议。)
解析:标志词 "earlier" 提示是对过去的虚拟,动词需用过去完成时结构 "had done"。
复习:对将来的虚拟 (Wish for the Future)
【核心结构】wish + (that) + 主语 +would / could + 动词原形
用法说明:表达一种难以实现的愿望,或委婉表达对现状的不满、请求或建议。
例4:I wish he would stop smoking.
译文:我真希望他能戒烟。
解析:暗示“他现在还在抽烟,我对此感到不满/希望改变”。
例5:She wishes she could fly to the moon one day.
译文:她希望有一天能飞到月球上去。
解析:这是一个不太可能实现的愿望。
wish 虚拟语气 10 大易错点
1.看到过去时间,必用 had done
标志词:yesterday /last week /then/earlier /at that time
错:I wish I knew it yesterday.
对:I wish I had known it yesterday.
2.看到 now/every day,必用 did/were
错:I wish I have more time.
对:I wish I had more time now.
3.be 动词一律用 were,不用 was
错:I wish I was taller.
对:I wish I were taller.(高考单选唯一答案)
4.希望 “别人改变行为” → 只用 would
表抱怨、不满、要求
I wish you would be quiet.
wish 虚拟语气 10 大易错点
5.希望 “自己有能力” → 只用 could
I wish I could fly.
6.will /can 绝对不能用在 wish 从句
错:I wish you will come.
错:I wish I can help.
7.过去被动虚拟:had been done
I wish I had been invited last week.
不能写成:were invited /was invited
8.wish 后不能用 to do
错:I wish to go.(这是 “希望去”,不是虚拟)
虚拟必须用从句:I wish I could go.
wish 虚拟语气 10 大易错点
9.wish ≠ hope
wish:不可能实现 → 虚拟
hope:可能实现 → 正常时态
I hope you come tomorrow.(不用虚拟)
10.next time 不一定是将来!
I wish you wouldn’t be late next time.
这里用 wouldn’t,不是 won’t /weren’t
现在愿望用过去,be 动词一律 were;
过去遗憾 had done,时间标志别弄错;
抱怨别人用 would,自己能力用 could;
被动虚拟 had been done,高考单选最常考。
超级记忆口诀
感谢观看
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING
For more, please contact Vx: seeyouthen006

展开更多......

收起↑

资源预览