资源简介

(共45张PPT)
课后巩固 多维提能
[基础知识巩固练]
维度一　用适当的情态动词填空
1．We will do whatever we ____ to help the poor family get through their tough time.
2．It was really annoying; I ______ not get access to the data bank you had recommended.
3．The traffic is heavy these days. I __________ arrive a bit late, so ______ you save me a place
can
could
might/may
could
4．I _______ have handed in my homework yesterday, but unfortunately I forgot about it totally.
5．_________________________ you please send me a message when you see him
6．According to the school rules, no child ______ be allowed out of the school, unless accompanied by his or her own parents.
7．If you leave within 15 minutes, you ________ park your car at the roadside temporarily.
should
Will/Would/Can/May/Could
shall
can/may
8．—I've prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.
—Do you mean we _____ not bring anything with us
9．Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He _____ have caught a cold last night.
10．—Boss, we need to talk about it now!
—I'm busy. If you _____ talk about it with me, please wait till I finish my work at hand.
need
must
must
维度二　语法与写作
1．我们昨晚本应该打扫屋子的，但我们却去听音乐会了。
We ___________________________________ the house last night, but we went to the concert instead.
2．如果您能在方便的时候尽早给我回信，我将不胜感激。
I'd appreciate it if _________________________ at your earliest convenience.
ought to/should have cleaned
you could reply to my letter
3.今天下午可能会下雨。你最好带上雨衣。
It ____________________________________. You'd better take a raincoat with you.
4．尽管教练一再鼓励，这个小男孩还是不敢跳进游泳池。
Despite much encouragement from his coach, the little boy still ____________________________________．
may/might rain this afternoon
dare not jump into the swimming pool
5．内疚感突然沉重地压在我身上。我不应该那样做，现在我应该诚实，勇敢地承认自己的错误。
The guilt suddenly weighed heavily on me. I _________________________________，and now I ____________________________________________．
oughtn't to/shouldn't have done that
should be honest and admit my mistake bravely
维度三　语篇填空
When my English teacher suggested that I read Charlotte Bront 's Jane Eyre，I thought，“I 1.______(can't/mustn't) read this！It 2._____(have to/must) be boring！” Surprisingly, it turned out exactly the opposite.I 3.______(could/shall) not stop turning the pages!
can't
must
could
The main character of the book is a British woman, Jane Eyre, who is an orphan and has been badly treated in her childhood, so she determines that she 4._____(must/could) change her destiny with her own efforts.And she does make it；she 5._______________(might/be able to) distinguish herself at Lowood School because of her hard work and strong intellectual ability.As a governess at Thornfield，she experiences the pleasures and pains of everyday life living with Edward Rochester.In the end she becomes a powerful and independent woman，blissfully married to the man she loves.
must
is able to
There is something that 6.____(can/must) be learned from Jane Eyre：we 7._______(should/would) hold the fate in our own hands and pursue what we want in spite of all the obstacles.I think everyone 8._____________(might/ought to) read this book.
can
should
ought to
[综合能力提升练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·泸州月考)Rising Legacy High School's senior Brianna Ortiz is one of the five students in the US and the only Texan to be selected to attend the International Science School (ISS) this summer in Australia.
This famous programme, designed to inspire young minds and awaken their passion for space exploration, provides students with an immersive and educational experience that promises to shape their future in the field of space science.
Brianna's space journey started when she took part in MISD's Orbitz program in the fall of 2021. That experience gave her the opportunity to apply for ISS through an extensive application process that included letters of recommendation, writing essays and an interview. ISS selected Brianna from a highly competitive pool of international applicants who share enthusiasm for space exploration.
During the programme, Brianna will have the privilege of engaging with outstanding scientists, engineers and educators who will guide her through a series of hands-on activities, simulations, and lectures. This comprehensive training will provide her with invaluable knowledge about space travel, rocketry, robotics, and other essential aspects of the aerospace industry.
“This is a dream coming true for me, and I can't wait to immerse myself in the world of space exploration，” Brianna said. “When I was little, I wanted to be an astronaut, but now I'm interested in becoming an aerospace engineer and building rockets that will impact the way we live here on Earth.”
Brianna said one of the things she was most looking forward to was the opportunity to cooperate with fellow like-minded students from around the world. They will participate in team-building exercises, problem-solving challenges, and space mission simulations, developing essential skills such as leadership, critical thinking, and effective communication.
The experience gained at ISS will broaden Brianna's horizons and inspire her to pursue a career in the exciting field of space exploration.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了美国一名高中生布里安娜·奥尔蒂斯被选入澳大利亚国际科学学校。这将为她提供有关太空方面的宝贵知识。
1．What is the aim of ISS
A．To select the best talent.
B．To cultivate excellent astronauts.
C．To help students develop a strong mind.
D．To get students interested in space exploration.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This famous programme...passion for space exploration”可知，国际科学学校的目的是让学生对太空探索产生兴趣。
√
2．Which of the following best describes the process of Brianna being received by ISS
A．Difficult.　　　　　　　B．Painful.
C．Creative. D．Awesome.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“That experience gave her the opportunity...from a highly competitive pool of international applicants”可推知，布里安娜被国际科学学校录取的过程是很困难的。
√
3．What will Brianna do at ISS
A．Submit her essays.
B．Listen to lectures given by experts.
C．Work in an aerospace factory.
D．Participate in robotics development.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“During the programme...activities, simulations, and lectures.”可知，布里安娜在国际科学学校将会听专家的讲座。
√
4．What can we learn about Brianna
A．She has great teamwork skills.
B．She has been the best students at ISS.
C.She dreams of being an astronaut after attending ISS.
D．She has been interested in space exploration since childhood.
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“This is a dream coming true for me...of space exploration”和“When I was little, I wanted to be an astronaut”可知，布里安娜从小就对太空探索感兴趣。
√
B
(2025·济宁名校联盟质量检测)Chinese material scientists have found the soil on the moon may potentially be able to generate oxygen and fuel, an awesome discovery that means more possibilities of humans' using lunar resources for further exploration of the moon and beyond.
The researchers at Nanjing University showed that the lunar sample brought back by China's Chang'e 5 contains active compounds (化合物) that can change carbon dioxide into oxygen and fuel. Initially, they hoped to design a system that took advantage of lunar soil and solar radiation, the two rich resources on the moon, according to a study published on Thursday in the journal Joule.
After analyzing the lunar soil, the team found the sample contains metal-rich substances, which can work as a catalyst (催化剂) to make oxygen using sunlight and carbon dioxide. The team proposed a strategy using lunar soil to electrolyze water from the moon and the astronauts' life support system into oxygen and hydrogen. The process was powered by sunlight. The carbon dioxide breathed out by moon inhabitants could be collected and combined with hydrogen to produce the fuel, also catalyzed by the lunar soil, according to the study. The researchers said with this method, no external energy apart from sunlight would be used to produce oxygen and fuel to support life on a moon base.
“We use the environmental resources to minimize the rocket payload, and our strategy provides a scenario for a sustainable and affordable living environment for life in the cosmos，” said the paper's first author Yao Yingfang from Nanjing University, expressing his assumption.
“The challenge lies in the fact that catalytic efficiency of lunar soil is lower than catalysts on the Earth，” said the researchers. They are testing different approaches in order to improve the design. The team is looking for an opportunity to test the system in space with China's future manned lunar missions.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。中国科学家发现月球土壤可能具有生成氧气和燃料的潜力，这一发现意味着人类可以利用月球资源进一步探索月球及其他星球。
5．What is the main implication of Chinese scientists' discovery of the moon's soil
A．The moon is rich in rare elements.
B．Lunar soil can be used for exploring space.
C．The moon can be lived on by human beings.
D．Lunar soil is a new renewable energy source.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“discovery that means more possibilities...further exploration of the moon and beyond”可知，中国科学家发现月球土壤能够产生氧气和燃料，这意味着可以利用月球土壤探索太空。
√
√
6．What did the researchers work on according to paragraph 3
A．The process of the sun producing light.
B．The analysis of the work of Chang'e 5.
C．The supportive method producing metal-rich substances.
D．The sustainable living strategy employing lunar resources.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，研究人员致力于利用月球资源进行可持续生存策略的研究。
√
7．What does the underlined word “scenario” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Profession. B．Contract.
C．Vision. D．Sponsor.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“The researchers said with this method...on a moon base.”可知，目前人类在月球上不能像在地球上一样生存，再根据画线词所在句可知，通过对月球土壤资源的研究利用，人类有望在月球上生存，由此可推知，画线词意为“愿景、构想”。
8．What is the passage mainly about
A．The discovery of active compounds on the moon.
B．The testing approaches to improving the lunar soil.
C．The research on the environmental system of the moon.
D．The study of using lunar soil for oxygen and fuel production.
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段内容可知，文章介绍了一项利用月壤产生氧气和燃料的研究。
√
Ⅱ.七选五
Enjoy Being Different
Take a look at teenagers around, dressed in baggy-pants (宽松的裤子), drinking soft drinks such as coke, and reading Japanese cartoons. Whether you are in Beijing, Wuhan or Hong Kong, you'll get the same impression. 1.________________________________________
__________________________
F．But should we copy others or should we
keep our differences
1．F　解析：根据上文“Take a look at teenagers around...get the same impression.”可知，各地青少年存在很多共性，空处应提出是否应该效仿的问题，F项承接上文，符合语境。
It sounds convenient that people around the world speak the same language, dress in the same style, eat the same food and play the same games. If the world was like this, you wouldn't feel any stranger in any corner of world. But just imagine living in such a strange world. 2.____________________________________
C．How dull and colorless it would be!
2．C　解析：上文说明全世界人都一样会很奇怪，空处需要表达对这种单一性的担忧或批评；C项进一步强调了这种单一文化世界的枯燥无趣，直接回应了上文提出的假设情境，符合语境。
Different kinds of food that people can taste, the colorful and fashionable clothes that we dress in and different languages we speak are all part of the different cultures that our ancestors (祖先) left us. 3._________________________________________________ And we all enjoy different cultures in our daily lives. When you travel to other places, you want to see different things. When you talk to foreigners, you expect to listen to interesting stories. These differences in culture are what make life colorful.
E．These differences represent their creativity and talent.
3．E　解析：上文说明文化多样性体现在生活的很多方面，空处需要进一步阐述这些差异的意义；E项进一步强调了文化多样性的重要性，符合语境。
4．___________________________________________________
________________________ Many different cultures are gradually disappearing. In most big cities around the world, people wear the same clothes. Fast food stores are everywhere. Hollywood movies are kicking traditional performing arts out of our lives. The colors of our life are disappearing.
G．But the whole world is getting into a small village as globalization takes effect.
4．G　解析：下文说明很多文化正在逐渐消失，空处应说明导致文化消失的原因；G项指出了全球化对文化多样性的影响，引出下文对于文化消失问题的讨论，符合语境。
There is a joke that even the panda and zebra want to live a colorful life. So let's take action to protect our colorful culture before it becomes as simple as black and white. 5.__________________________
Learning some folk songs, trying on traditional clothing and even eating local food instead of fast food can help. And we're sure you'll enjoy it.
A．It's not difficult.
5．A　解析：上文作者呼吁大家采取行动来保护文化多样性；A项指出保护文化多样性并不难，鼓励人们采取行动，符合语境。
A．It's not difficult.
B．It would be so interesting.
C．How dull and colorless it would be!
D.What's more, this makes up the parts of our lives.
E．These differences represent their creativity and talent.
F．But should we copy others or should we keep our differences
G．But the whole world is getting into a small village as globalization takes effect.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了全球化背景下文化同质化现象对生活多样性的影响，并呼吁人们采取行动保护和享受多彩的文化遗产。
Ⅲ.语法填空
China has set up its 1.____________(one) deep space exploration laboratory with the purpose of carrying out deep space exploration as well as cutting-edge technology research in the field of spaceflight.The laboratory, 2.____________(locate) in Anhui Province, is a new type of science and technology research and development institution that realizes the integration of science, technology and engineering.
first
located
The laboratory is 3.____________(support) deep space exploration and carry out frontier, 4.____________(base) and strategic research in the field.It will also undertake research and demonstration.The laboratory is an open platform 5.____________ international talents can come to work.
to support
basic
where
After the 6.____________(complete) of the Tianwen Ⅰ and Tianwen Ⅱ missions, China will also plan a number of Tianwen series of planetary exploration missions to explore the vastness of space.There will be the Tianwen Ⅲ， Tianwen Ⅳ， etc. 7._______ main task of the follow-up is to explore the asteroids (小行星) in deep space.The asteroid samples 8.________________(collect) back.After that, China will be prepared to explore Jupiter and other planets in the solar system, 9.____________(hope) to complete the exploration of 100 astronomical units in 2049, to reach 15 billion kilometers from Earth, or even 10.______ the edge of the solar system.
completion
The
will be collected
hoping
to
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国设立首个深空探测实验室的情况，该实验室旨在开展深空探测和航天领域的尖端技术研究。
1．first　解析：考查序数词。分析句子结构可知，空处作定语，表示“第一个”，应用序数词。
2．located　解析：考查形容词。(be) located in意为“坐落于……”，为固定搭配。
3．to support　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作表语，应用不定式表示深空探测实验室未来的用途。
4．basic　解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处与形容词strategic构成并列关系，作定语修饰名词research，应用形容词形式。
5．where　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词platform，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导该从句。
6．completion　解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处作宾语，应用名词completion，意为“完成”，为不可数名词。
7．The　解析：考查冠词。空处表示特指，应用定冠词the，位于句首，首字母需大写。
8．will be collected　解析：考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，空处是谓语动词。根据语境可知，描述未来的太空探测任务，应用一般将来时；且collect与主语samples之间是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态。
9．hoping　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，hope与其逻辑主语China之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语。
10．to　解析：考查介词。根据上文“to reach 15 billion kilometers from Earth”及语境可推知，这里表示“甚至到达太阳系边缘”，应用介词to。(共62张PPT)
Unit 6　Space and beyond
[核心单词]　 unexceptional shadow　 scream
suspend crew submit awesome
telescope angle invisible straightforward
self-discipline fetch muscle pepper
sneeze disc
[单元语法]　复习情态动词
[重点短语]　become accustomed to, one's heart in one's mouth, take off, tune in, cast a shadow on, call to, reach for the stars, be composed of, quest for
[重点句型]　1.不定式的完成式
2.the＋比较级， the＋比较级
[写作任务]　描述太空生活
[Space]
universe n.　　　　　　　宇宙
planet n. 行星
satellite n. 卫星；人造卫星
orbit n. 轨道
outer space 外太空
the solar system 太阳系
the Galaxy 银河系
[Exploration]
spacecraft n. 宇宙飞船
astronaut n. 航天员
astronomer n. 天文学家
gravity n. 重力
space labs/stations 太空实验室/空间站
an unmanned probe 无人探测器
walk in space 太空行走
launch a satellite 发射卫星
send a (manned) spacecraft into space
　　　　　　　发送(载人)宇宙飞船至太空
set out on a mission to explore...
开始探索……的任务
collect data and send it back to the Earth
收集数据并传回地球
[Meaning]
help us work out the age and understand the nature of the universe 帮助我们计算宇宙的年龄并理解宇宙的本质
see further into the universe 更加深入地观察宇宙
find out the secrets of the universe 弄清宇宙的奥秘
promote technological change 推动技术变革
话题佳句
1.Space exploration contributes not only to the improvement of our quality of life, but also to our understanding of the interdependence of all beings.
太空探索不仅有助于提高我们的生活质量，而且有助于我们理解所有生物之间的相互依存关系。
2.The accomplishment of space exploration was seen as a human triumph, not a national one.
太空探索的成就，被视为全人类的胜利，而非某个国家的胜利。
3.Little as we know about the universe, the development of science and technology will make it possible for us to know how the universe came into existence.
尽管我们对宇宙所知甚少，但科技发展会让我们有可能知道宇宙是如何形成的。
Period 1　Starting out & Understanding ideas
精读课文 语篇理解
PART
01
第一部分
√
　
What does the passage mainly talk about
A．A brave teacher.
B．Men's first space exploration.
C．The tragedy of the Challenger.
D．Men's first landing on the moon.
〈教材助读＋语基默写〉见分册本
background
take-off/launch
explosion
resumption
significance
1．What do we know about the first lunar landing
A．It was a great success.
B．It took off in Kennedy Space Center.
C．People were not excited about it.
D．People were accustomed to the idea of space travel.
√
2．How did people feel when they watched the first Moon landing
A．Excited.　　　　　 B．Nervous.
C．Worried. D．Frightened.
√
3．Why did people feel shocked after the Challenger exploded
A．The Challenger had never failed before.
B．The Challenger was the safest space shuttle at that time.
C．That flight was generally thought to be safer than flying in an aeroplane.
D．This space flight was generally thought to be as safe as travelling in an aeroplane.
√
4．What can we infer from the passage
A．The space isn't worth exploring.
B．We will continue to explore the space.
C．No one wants to travel into space again.
D．Space flight is not so dangerous as before.
√
1．Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets, their hearts in their mouths, aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was, and of the many things that could go wrong. (Para.1)
[分析]　本句为主从复合句。主干为“Millions watched...television sets”； their hearts in their mouths为独立主格结构作__________；“aware of...go wrong”为形容词短语作__________，其中how引导______从句，that引导______从句。
[翻译]　____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
伴随状语
伴随状语
宾语
定语
数百万人通过黑白电视机观看首次登月，他们的心都提到了嗓子眼儿，意识到这是一项多么艰巨而又危险的任务，许多方面都有可能出现问题。
2．Following the Moon landings, space travel rapidly became unexceptional to the public, as innovations succeeded each other. (Para.2)
[分析]　本句为主从复合句。句中Following the Moon landings为现在分词短语作______；as引导__________从句。
[翻译]　____________________________________________________
______________
状语
原因状语
登月后，由于新事物接连出现，太空旅行迅速成为公众眼中的寻常之事。
3．It has now been over 30 years since the loss of Challenger and although the lives of its crew were cut tragically short, they take their place alongside the other heroes of space exploration, such as Gagarin, Tereshkova, Armstrong and Yang Liwei.(Para.6)
[分析]　本句为and连接的______复合句，第二个分句中although引导__________从句。
[翻译]　____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
并列
让步状语
“挑战者号”失事至今已有30多年了，虽然其机组人员都英年早逝，但他们与加加林、捷列什科娃、阿姆斯特朗以及杨利伟等进行太空探索的英雄们一样，都在历史上占有一席之地。
Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 20 July 1969, the notion of space travel 1._____________(become) unexceptional to the public.When the Challenger space shuttle took off in 1986, the world seemed to have lost its wonder at the amazing achievements of the astronauts 2._________(involve).But this was going to be no ordinary excursion,
has become
involved
and millions of people witnessed its take-off on TV.It was special 3.___________ Christa McAuliffe aged 37, an ordinary teacher and mother, was about to become the first civilian in space.She hoped 4.______________(rekindle) interest in the space programme and communicate 5.__ sense of excitement by giving two 15-minute lessons from orbit.
because/as
to rekindle
a
However, 6.___________(tragic), the shuttle exploded just over a minute after taking off and all seven astronauts on board were killed.It was the 7.__________________(disastrous) space accident ever, and the world went into shock.Following the Challenger disaster, space shuttle flights 8._________________(suspend) for nearly three years.But there was never any doubt that manned flights would continue.In 1988, the space shuttle programme resumed with the successful launch of Discovery.
tragically
most disastrous
were suspended
It has now been over 30 years since the loss of Challenger.The memory of those seven will live forever, inspiring us to join them 9.___ humanity's greatest journey of discovery and 10.__________(explore).
in
exploration
1．How do you understand the title “The Call of the Challenger”？
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The disaster of the Challenger on 28 January 1986 cast a shadow on people's hearts.Dangerous as it is, people never stop the pace of space exploration, and 29 September 1988 witnessed the successful launch of Discovery.The heroic deeds of the astronauts inspire us to go on with the exploration.
2．Would you like to go into space Give your reasons.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yes, I'd love to. In my view, humans are intelligent creatures, and therefore have a natural tendency to explore the unknown.Through the exploration of the universe, I can better understand the universe, understand the evolution of the universe, formation and so on.The evolution of the whole universe is a complete physical book, which is worth exploring and studying by human beings.
自查语基 知能落实
PART
02
第二部分
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．notion n.　　　　　 A．航天飞机
2．hazardous adj. B．瞬间地
3．shuttle n. C．概念；观点；看法
4．excursion n. D．悲惨地，不幸地
5．rekindle v. E．危险的，不安全的
6．tragically adv. F．(有特定目的的)短途出行
7．instantaneously adv. G．重新激起，重新唤起
答案：1～5.CEAFG　6～7.DB
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．cast a _______ on people's hearts
　　　　　　　　　　 给人们的心灵蒙上阴影
2．_______ with fear 吓得尖叫
3．_____ members 全体机组人员
shadow
scream
crew
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．______________ adj.平常的→(反义词)exceptional adj.杰出的，优秀的；特别的→exception n．例外；例外的事物→except prep.除……之外→exceptionally adv.罕见，特别；例外地
2．________ v．暂停，中止→suspension n．暂令停职(停学、停赛等)；暂缓，延迟
unexceptional
suspend
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．After moving to a new city, she gradually ______________________ (习惯于) the fast-paced lifestyle.
2．I had _________________________(提心吊胆) while waiting for the final-exam results to be announced.
3．The rocket ___________(起飞) with a thunderous roar, heading toward the International Space Station.
became accustomed to
my heart in my mouth
took off
4．I always __________ (收听) to international channels in order to keep up with current global events.
5．The young athlete's victory in the championship should have been a source of pride, but the recurring(反复发生的) injury _________________ (给……蒙上阴影) his promising career.
6．The new era ________(召唤) us to protect our planet's fragile ecosystems, leaving a healthy Earth for future generations.
7．If you ____________________(志向远大) and work very hard, you will ultimately achieve better results.
tune in
casts a shadow on
calls to
reach for the stars
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．介词＋宾语从句
Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets, their hearts in their mouths, _______________________________
______________________(意识到这是一项多么艰巨而又危险的任务), and of the many things that could go wrong.(Para.1)
aware of how arduous and hazardous
an undertaking it was
2．不定式的完成式
When the Challenger space shuttle took off on 28 January 1986, the world seemed ____________________________(已经对……不再感到惊奇) the amazing achievements of the astronauts involved.(Para.2)
to have lost its wonder at
3．“no＋形容词比较级＋than”意为“和……一样不……”
The world went into shock, most people having assumed that this space flight would be _______________________(和……一样不危险) travelling in an aeroplane.(Para.3)
no more dangerous than
4．“there is/was never any doubt that...” ＝“there is/was no doubt that...”意为“毫无疑问……”
But _______________________________(毫无疑问) manned flights would continue, and on 29 September 1988, the space shuttle programme resumed with the successful launch of Discovery.(Para.5)
there was never any doubt that
5．no matter how引导让步状语从句
The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us, reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars, __________________________________
(不管它们看起来多么遥不可及).(Para.6)
no matter how distant they might seem
创意课堂 点面突破
PART
03
第三部分
　　become accustomed to 习惯于(做)某事
【经典例句】 (教材P82)Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 20 July 1969, people have become accustomed to the notion of space travel.　自1969年7月20日尼尔·阿姆斯特朗首次登月以来，人们已经习惯于太空旅行这一概念。
(1)accustomed adj.　　 习惯的；通常的，惯常的
be/get/become accustomed to (doing) sth.
＝be/get/become used to (doing) sth.
习惯于(做)某事
(2)accustom v.　 使适应，使习惯
accustom sb./oneself to (doing) sth.
使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事
【单句语法填空/句式升级】
(1)Teenagers should be banned from smoking, because once their bodies become accustomed ___ nicotine (尼古丁), they will be addicted to it.[应用文写作之建议信]
(2)For those ___________(accustom) to a comfortable life，stepping out of their comfort zone and trying new experiences can broaden their horizons and enrich their lives.
to
accustomed
(3)The old man is used to living in the countryside, and he always finds it hard to live in the city.
→________________________________________，the old man always finds it hard to live in the city.(形容词短语作状语)
→_____________________________________________，the old man always finds it hard to live in the city.(现在分词短语作状语)
Accustomed to living in the countryside
Accustoming himself to living in the countryside
　　take off　脱下；移去；起飞；休假；(事业)腾飞；突然开始成功
【经典例句】 (译林选必一 U1)The concept took off, and today Guangzhou's restaurants stimulate customers' appetite with over a thousand offerings, each more delicate and delicious than the last.
这个观念开始流行起来，如今广州的各家餐馆用上千种点心刺激食客们的胃口，一道比一道更精致、更美味。
take up　　　　　 占据(时间、空间等)；开始从事
take down 记下；拆卸
take in 吸收；接待；欺骗；理解
take on 承担；呈现；雇用
take over 接管，接任；接收
【单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子】
(1)The plane was delayed because of the weather, so it didn't take ____ on time.
(2)After retiring from his engineering career, he decided to take ___ gardening as a new hobby.
(3)Please _____________________________(记下我的电话号码) so that you can contact me later if needed.
off
up
take down my phone number
(4)起初，我试图无视恐惧，但很快恐惧战胜了勇气，我不得不逃跑。
At first, I tried to ignore the fear, but soon ___________________________, and I had to flee.
[读后续写之心理描写]
terror took over my courage
　　shadow　n.坏影响，阴影；影子；阴凉处
【经典例句】 (教材P83)It was the most disastrous space accident ever, and it cast a shadow on people's hearts.　这是有史以来最惨烈的航天事故，它给人们的心灵蒙上了阴影。
in the shadows　　　　　在阴影中；在暗处
in/under the shadow of sb./sth.
在某人的光环(或盛名)之下；在某事(物)的阴影下
cast/throw a shadow/shadows on/over...
在……上投下阴影；给……蒙上阴影
【完成句子】
(1)(译林必修一 U4)如果你有长得很好看或拥有良好的时尚感的朋友，你就会觉得自己生活在他们的阴影下。
If you have friends who are good-looking or have a great fashion sense, it can feel like ____________________________．
you are living in their shadow
(2)随着岁月的流逝，那场可怕的事故在他内心留下的阴影消失了。一切都回归正常。
As the years passed, __________________________________________
____________ faded away. Everything returned to normal.
the shadow that the terrible accident had cast
on his mind
　　不定式的完成式
【经典例句】 (教材P82)When the Challenger space shuttle took off on 28 January 1986, the world seemed to have lost its wonder at the amazing achievements of the astronauts involved.　
当“挑战者号”航天飞机于1986年1月28日发射时，全世界似乎已经对参与其中的宇航员所获得的惊人成就不再感到惊奇。
(1)不定式的完成式为to have done，表示不定式所发生的动作在主句谓语动词所表示的动作之前；
(2)不定式的一般式为to do，表示动作与主句谓语动词表示的动作同一时间发生或动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之后；
(3)不定式的进行式为to be doing，表示动作与主句谓语动词表示的动作同一时间发生，并且动作正在进行。
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)(人教必修一U3)When Michael Jordan's feet left the ground, time seemed ___________(stand) still. The player who became known as “Air Jordan” changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps.
(2)The witness claimed _________________ (see) the suspect fleeing the scene before the police arrived.
to stand
to have seen
(3)听到母亲的脚步声接近他的房间，他迅速关掉电脑，当母亲走进房间时，他假装在睡觉。
Hearing his mother's footsteps approaching his room, he quickly turned off the computer and _______________________________ when his mother entered his room.[读后续写之动作描写]
pretended to be sleeping
课堂微练 即时检验
PART
04
第四部分
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．He stood quietly in the middle of the room and the light from the candle threw his s______ on the walls.
2．The small town's architecture was ______________(平常的), lacking the historic charm of neighboring villages.
3．The construction project was s_________ indefinitely due to a sudden shortage of building materials and rising labor costs.
hadow
unexceptional
uspended
4．The rescue c____ worked tirelessly through the night to search for survivors in the earthquake zone.
5．The little girl _________(尖叫) with delight when she saw the pile of birthday presents waiting for her.
rew
screamed
Ⅱ.词块运用
1．When the teacher called his name, ________________________(提心吊胆), he walked to the front of the class, his palms sweating and his knees trembling slightly.
2．In 1969, Neil Armstrong ____________________________________
_____________(成为第一个踏上月球的人类), which is a historic achievement that marked a wonderful moment in space exploration.
his heart in his mouth
became the first human to set foot
on the moon
3．That misunderstanding _________________________________(给他们的友谊蒙上阴影), which made Tom very upset.
4．In 1969, millions __________________________ (收看了直播) of the moon landing, holding their breath as Armstrong stepped onto the lunar surface.
5．He _________________________________________ (习惯早上 5 点起床) for morning runs, even on weekends.
cast a shadow on their friendship
tuned in to live broadcasts
became accustomed to getting up at 5 a．m.
6．____________________(飞机即将起飞) at 3 p．m., so we need to arrive at the airport by 1 p．m.
The plane will take off
Ⅲ.根据汉语提示并使用本部分句式结构完成下面的小短文
To raise people's awareness of science, Chinese astronauts conducted science lectures from the Tiangong space station. In the class，no experiments were more fascinating than those demonstrated in zero-gravity conditions. So the “Tiangong Class” seems 1. _______________________________________________(每次都能吸引数百万观众；不定式的完成式).
to have attracted millions of viewers each time
Besides，2._________________________________________________
(无论学生提出的问题有多复杂；no matter how引导让步状语从句)，the astronauts answered them with great patience. 3._______________________________________________________________________________________________(毫无疑问通过这个活动学生对科学学习的兴趣加强了；there is/was no doubt that...) and students 4._____________________________________________________(都意识到探索宇宙是多么重要；介词＋宾语从句).
no matter how complex the questions from students were
There is no doubt that through the activity students' interest in science learning was strengthened
are all aware of how important it is to explore the universe(共42张PPT)
Period 3　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
精读课文 语篇理解
PART
01
第一部分
√
〈教材助读＋语基默写〉见分册本
What does the passage mainly talk about
A.Ancient people's knowledge about space is limited.
B．Humans will conquer the universe in the near future.
C．The universe is far larger than people once imagined.
D．People will know more about the universe with larger telescopes.
√
1．How did ancient people create a world in the sky
A．With the naked eye.
B．With telescopes.
C．By using their imaginations.
D．By passing from mouth to mouth.
2．What dramatically changed our power to investigate and understand space
A．The development of technology.
B．The invention of the first telescope.
C．The application of the Internet.
D．The power of the human eye.
√
3．What is the main function of the Hubble Space Telescope
A．Discovering new planets with life.
B．Working out the age of the universe alone.
C．Taking pictures of the universe beyond Earth.
D．Making the universe expand more and more rapidly.
√
4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．There is no need to explore the early universe.
B．We humans have explored the universe for the most part.
C．We have seen stars and galaxies billions of light years away.
D．Larger radio telescopes will do more to help us explore the universe.
√
The night sky 1.___________(be) an endless source of fascination since the start of human history. However, humans can see very little of the night sky with the naked eye. And, for long, people were unable to understand 2._____ they could see.
has been
what
Our power 3._________________(investigate) and understand space changed dramatically when the first telescope was angled at the night sky, increasing as 4.___ did the power of the human eye. It also enabled us to understand that the universe is far 5._______(large) than was previously imaginable.
to investigate
it
larger
Almost 400 years after the first Earth-based telescope was invented, the Hubble Space Telescope 6._______________(launch) into orbit, giving astronomers—indeed all of us—the first breathtakingly beautiful images of our universe taken from beyond Earth. To see even further into the universe, many countries are now engaged 7.___ building ever more advanced telescopes. 8.__________(current), China operates the world's largest and most powerful radio telescope, the FAST telescope, 9.__________(complete) in 2016.
was launched
in
Currently
completed
Using ever-larger radio telescopes as our eyes, we will one day be able to look back to a time in the very early universe, before the 10.__________(exist) of light. But the human quest for knowledge reaches even beyond that. So much of the universe remains unexplored that we are still close to the start of this incredible journey of discovery.
existence
自查语基 知能落实
PART
02
第二部分
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．lifelike adj.　　　　 A．可以相信地；可想象地
2．galaxy n. B．粒子
3．cosmic adj. C．胡椒粉
4．conceivably adv. D．宇宙的
5．subatomic adj. E．(图画、模型等)生动的，逼真的
6．particle n. F．星系
7．pepper n. G．亚原子的；原子内的
答案：1～5.EFDAG　6～7.BC
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．an ________ experience　一次奇妙的经历
2．the space __________ 太空望远镜
3．______ the chair 把椅子倾斜一下
4．a ________________ process 一个简单的过程
5．a lack of ________________ 缺乏自律
6．______ a doctor 去请位医生
awesome
telescope
angle
straightforward
self-discipline
fetch
7．build ________ 锻炼肌肉
8．_______ from the strong smell of pepper
因浓烈的胡椒味打了喷嚏
9．a digital _____ 一张数码光盘
muscles
sneeze
disc
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．__________ adj.模仿的，模拟的，仿真的→simulate v．模仿，模拟→simulator n．(用于人员训练的)模拟装置，模拟器
2．_______ v．提交；呈递；顺从，屈服→submission n．提交；呈递；提交(或呈递)的文件→submissive adj.服从的；顺从的
3．__________ adj.看不见的→(反义词)visible adj.看得见的，可见的→visibly adv.看得见地
simulated
submit
invisible
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．I thought the task would take an hour, but _____________(事实上), it took me all day.
2．In order to improve performance during exams, we need to ___________(制定) a plan to manage our time more efficiently.
3．The company __________________(从事) developing new technologies for renewable energy to address global carbon reduction goals.
in reality
work out
is engaged in
4．Our class ___________________(由……组成) eighteen boys and twelve girls, making a total of thirty students.
5．To understand the present, we must _________________(回顾) the past and learn from its lessons.
6．The scientist's lifelong ____________(寻求) a cure for the disease finally paid off with a breakthrough discovery.
is composed of
look back to
quest for
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．“so...that...”意为“如此……以至于……”
__________________________________________(它与地球的距离是如此之远，以至于) it would need to travel for almost six years to reach its destination.
So great was the distance from Earth that
2．Sb./Sth.＋be＋过去分词＋to do...
For example, the mysterious large-eyed, bronze statues of the ancient Shu Kingdom, discovered at the Chinese archeological site at Sanxingdui, ____________________________________(被认为已经能够看到) across great distances into the stars.(Para.1)
[分析]　此句中还含有过去分词短语作__________。
were believed to have been able to look
后置定语
3．“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”意为“越……，就越……”
___________(越多) we know, ___________(就越) we feel our ignorance; ___________(就越) we feel how much remains unknown.
The more
the more
the more
创意课堂 点面突破
PART
03
第三部分
　　submit　v.提交；呈递；顺从，屈服
【经典例句】 (教材P89)Submit a three-minute video introducing yourself and saying why you would be an ideal space candidate.
提交一个三分钟的视频介绍你自己，并说明为什么你是一个理想的太空候选人。
(1)submit...to...　　　　 把……提交给……
submit to... 顺从/屈服于……
submit oneself to... 使自己顺从/屈服于……
(2)submission n.　 提交；呈递；屈服
【单句语法填空/完成句子】
(1)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital ____________(submit) a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿).
(2)(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Would you mind letting me know how it's going Also, could I remind you that the deadline for ___________(submit) is this Friday, June 14th
to submit
submission
(3)对这次夏令营感兴趣的人必须在5月15日前向学校办公室提交申请书和相关资料。
Those who are interested in the summer camp must ____________________________________________________________ before May 15.
[应用文写作之通知]
submit applications and relevant materials to the school office
(4)虽然我们在日常生活中经历了许多挑战和困难，但我们坚决不屈服于它们。
Although we undergo many challenges and hardships in our daily life, we are determined not ______________________________________．
[读后续写之主旨升华]
to submit to them/to submit ourselves to them
　　be composed of　由……组成
【经典例句】 (教材P92)The 500-metre dish of the “Eye of Heaven”， as it is known, is being used in the search for dark matter, thought to be composed of subatomic particles invisible to ordinary telescopes.
众所周知，这个叫作“天眼”的500米口径巨盘正被用于探寻暗物质，暗物质被认为是由一般望远镜观测不到的亚原子粒子组成。
(1)be composed of＝be made up of＝consist of　　
　　　　　　　 由……组成
(2)compose v. 创作；作曲；组成，构成； 使平静
compose oneself 使自己镇定
(3) composer n. 作曲家；创作者
composition n. [U]构成；作曲；[C]作品；作文
【单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子】
(1)She counts among the most gifted of the current generation of __________ (compose).
(2)The teacher asked us to write a 300-word ____________(compose) about our summer vacation.
(3)I strongly suggest that our English film appreciation course ____________________________________________________________ (由……组成) enjoying the film, talking about wonderful movie lines and dubbing. [应用文写作之建议信]
composers
composition
(should) consist of/be composed of/be made up of
(4)(译林选必四U4)我花了几秒钟的时间让自己镇定下来，并观察了一番眼前的情形。
I __________________________________ and to take in the scene that was laid out before me.[读后续写之心理描写]
took a few seconds to compose myself
　“the＋比较级， the＋比较级”意为“越……，就越……”
【经典例句】 (教材P93)The more we know, the more we feel our ignorance; the more we feel how much remains unknown.　我们了解得越多，就越感到自己的无知；就越感觉未知的事物有很多。
(1)“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语), the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”表示后者随着前者的变化而变化，如果句意明确，该结构常以省略形式出现；
(2)“比较级＋and＋比较级/more and more＋多音节形容词或副词原级”意为“越来越……”。
【单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子】
(1)(人教必修二U3)He or she may also post embarrassing photos and information about those people. However, the ______________(polite) you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked.
(2)(人教必修三 U1)Festivals are becoming _______________________ (越来越商业化), with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.
more polite
more and more commercial
(3)(译林选必三 U4)为了全人类的利益，遗产保护是当务之急。我们越是承认我们的遗产具有突出的普遍价值，就越有可能尊重它们。
Heritage protection is at the top of the agenda for the benefit of all mankind. ___________________________________________________ of our heritage sites, ___________________________________________ with respect.[应用文写作之演讲稿]
The more we acknowledge the outstanding universal value
the more likely we are to treat them
课堂微练 即时检验
PART
04
第四部分
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．Working out regularly will help keep your m_______ strong and avoid back problems.
2．I am so busy now. Could you ______(拿来) my phone from the bedroom I left it charging.
3．It takes a lot of ________________(自律) to take outdoor exercise on a regular basis in winter.
uscles
fetch
self-discipline
4．It seems as if we were surrounded by a(n) __________ (看不见的) wall when we communicate with each other on the Internet.
5．The moment Jack smells the pollen (花粉), he will begin s________ over and over again.
6．Carrying out the trash sorting policy is not as ________________(简单的) as it sounds and it needs the combination of policies and human efforts.
invisible
neezing
straightforward
7．(译林选必三 U4)They s_________ the proposal which contained detailed research on the 33 sites along the corridor.
8．What is ________(了不起的) is the speed and effectiveness with which China develops 5G technology.
ubmitted
awesome
Ⅱ.词块运用
1．Outwardly, she seemed confident but _____________ (实际上), she felt extremely nervous before the contest.
2．Young people often look ahead to the future while the elderly ______________________________(回顾过去).
3．We need to ______________________ (制定一个计划)quickly to finish the project on time; otherwise, all our hard work could go to waste!
in reality
look back to the past
work out a plan
4．The team ________________________________(由七名成员组成) felt optimistic about being able to win the championship in the Olympic Games.
5．You should not be afraid to aim high when ______________________________________________________(在追求学业成绩提升的过程中).
composed of seven members
questing for an improvement in your academic performance(共43张PPT)
Period 2　Using language
复习情态动词
要义详析 探究语法
PART
01
第一部分
一、can和could的用法

(1)(教材P84)I can remember that day so clearly, watching the take-off on TV at school.
我非常清楚地记得那天，我在学校通过电视观看发射场景。
(2)(译林必修一U1)Put simply, potential is your natural ability that can be developed when you try hard enough.
简而言之，潜力是你们与生俱来的能力，当你足够努力时，潜力就能得到开发。
(3)(译林必修一U2)It can be a big headache to balance your developing mental needs too.
平衡你不断变化的心理需求有时也是一件令人头痛的事。
(4)Could we possibly arrange a meeting for next week to discuss the details of the project
我们能否在下周安排一次会议，讨论一下该项目的细节呢？
1．表示能力，意为“能、会”；could是can的过去式，表示过去的能力。
2．can可用于肯定句中，表示客观或理论上的可能性，意为“有时会”。
3．表示请求或许可。在疑问句中，could可以代替can，语气更加委婉，肯定回答时一般要用can。
4．表示推测，意为“可能”，常用于否定句和疑问句中。
5．用于固定习语中：can't...too/enough意为“无论……也不过分、越……越好”；can't but do sth.意为“不得不做某事、只好做某事”；can't help doing sth.意为“禁不住做某事”。
二、may和might的用法

(1)(教材P83)With the eyes of students across the nation upon her, she might have inspired an entirely new generation of astronauts and space scientists.
当全国学生的目光都聚集在她身上时，她或许能激发他们成为全新一代宇航员和太空科学家的理想。
(2)(人教必修三U5) If you don't mind, may I ask you how much money you have
不介意的话，能告诉我你有多少钱吗？
(3)(人教选必一U4) In Japan, it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person.
在日本，和年长的人讲话时目光向下以表示尊重。
(4)(译林必修一U2)Teenagers' physical changes may result in such family tensions.
青少年的身体变化可能会导致这样的家庭的紧张关系。
1．may和might在肯定句中表示允许，意为“可以”。在疑问句中用于征求许可，意为“可以……吗？”。
2．表示推测，意为“或许、可能”，通常用于肯定句和否定句中。
3．表示祝愿，常用结构为：May＋主语＋动词原形！
4．用于固定短语中：may/might as well＋动词原形，意为“不妨、还是……为好”。
三、must和have to的用法

(1)(译林必修三U4)In order to progress, we must not forget the importance of this struggle; we must recognize our ignorance and leave room for doubt.
为了进步，我们决不能忘记这种斗争的重要性；我们必须承认我们的无知，为怀疑留有空间。
(2)(译林必修一U3)It's sad to move on, but you have to accept that friends come and go in life.
离开是让人难过的，但你不得不接受朋友在生命中来来往往。
(3)(译林选必二U4)However, as with any technology, there must be some barriers to the development of VR, I guess
但是，和任何技术一样，我想虚拟现实的发展肯定有一些障碍吧？
(4)Must you make so much noise
你偏要弄出这么多的噪音吗？
1．表示义务、命令等，意为“必须”。must强调说话人的主观看法，have to则强调客观需要；must没有人称和时态的变化，而have to 有人称和时态的变化。在回答带有must的问句时，否定式常用need not (needn't)或don't have to。
2．must表示推测，意为“一定”，只用于肯定句中。
3．must意为“偏要、偏偏”，表示与说话人的愿望相反或不耐烦。
4．mustn't表示禁止，意为“不可以、不允许”；not have to意为“不必”。
四、shall的用法

(1)(人教必修三U5)Shall I put it in a box
我要把它装进盒子里吗？
(2)(北师大选必三U8)This is not a place in which Miss Johnsy shall lie sick.
这不是一个像约翰西这样的小姐生病时该待的地方。
(3)Candidates shall remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.
考生必须留在座位上，等所有试卷收好以后方可离开。
1．表示征求对方的意见或向对方请示，用于主语是第一、三人称的疑问句中。
2．表示说话者的命令、警告、威胁、允诺、决心等，用于主语是第二、三人称的陈述句中。
3．用于条约、规定、法令、法律等文件中，表示义务或规定，意为“必须”，用于主语是第三人称的陈述句中。
五、should和ought to的用法

(1)(译林必修一U3)Friends should be carefully chosen and relationships carefully developed.
选择朋友须谨慎，经营友情须用心。
(2)(译林选必三U2)These scientific and technological advances can provide benefits to societies on the Earth in many areas including health, energy and information technology. This should be a strong motive for continuing to explore space.
这些科学和技术进步可以在许多领域为地球上的社会带来好处，包括健康、能源和信息技术。这应该是继续探索空间的强大动力。
(3)Everyone present will not believe such a gentleman should do that.
在场的每一个人都不会相信这样一位绅士竟然做那种事。
(4)We ought to save some money for emergencies.
我们应当存些钱以备不时之需。
1．表示责任与义务，意为“应该，应当”，ought to语气更强。
2．表示说话人根据一定的情况作出推测，意为“应该会，可能”。
3．should表示惊讶、意外或不应该发生的事，意为“竟然”。
六、 will和would的用法

(1)(人教必修一U1) I am sure he will listen to you, since you are his good friend.
我确定他会听你的，因为你是他的好朋友。
(2)(人教必修一U5)Would you mind opening the window, please
请问，您是否介意打开窗户呢？
(3)(译林必修一 U4)I warned her that skipping meals was unhealthy, but she wouldn't listen.
我提醒过她，不吃饭是不健康的，但她不听。
1．表示主语的意志、意愿或决心，可用于各种人称。 will指现在，would指过去。
2．表示征求意见或提出请求，多用于第二人称作主语的疑问句中。would比will语气委婉。
3．表示习惯或倾向等，意为“总是、总会”。will指现在，would指过去。
七、need和dare的用法

(1)(人教必修三U5)I only came here to get a suit coat to wear today. I dare not buy all these things.
我到店里来，只是想买一件今天穿的西装外套。我可不敢把这些全买下来。
(2)I love the weekend, because I needn't get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.
我喜欢周末，因为周六周日我不用早起。
(3)—Need I hand in the application now
——我需要现在交申请表吗？
—Yes, you must./No, you needn't/don't have to.
——是的，你必须(交)。/ 不， 你不必(交)。
1．need既可作情态动词，也可作实义动词。作情态动词时，意为“需要”，常用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。对need引出的一般疑问句，作肯定回答时用must，作否定回答时用needn't或don't have to。
2．dare既可作情态动词，也可作实义动词。作情态动词时，意为“敢、敢于”，常用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中。
八、“情态动词＋have done”的用法

(1)(译林选必三U1)They must have realized that we were totally helpless, for after a few moments, they wandered over and pushed us free.
他们一定是意识到我们非常无助，因为过了一会儿，他们缓缓地走过来把我们推了出来。
(2)(北师大必修三U7)His unusual use of colour has led experts to think that Van Gogh's mental illness may have affected his sense of sight.
凡·高对色彩不寻常的运用导致专家们认为精神疾病可能影响了他的视觉。
(3)I didn't see her in the meeting room this morning. She couldn't have spoken at the meeting.
今天早晨我在会议室没有看到她，她不可能在会议上发言了。
(4)(译林必修三U3)Sometimes I had the uncomfortable feeling that this little machine had taken up too much of my time, and that I could have done something more meaningful than just looking at a tiny screen all day.
有时我感到焦虑，这台小机器占用了我太多的时间，我本可以做一些更有意义的事，而不是整天盯着一个小屏幕看。
(5)You needn't have taken a taxi here, for it is very near to your house.
你本不必坐出租车来这里的，因为这里离你家很近。
(6)You should have finished the task before 5 o'clock.
你本应该在五点之前完成任务的。
1．对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测
(1)must have done sth. 意为“(过去)一定做了某事”；用于肯定句中。
(2)may/might have done sth.意为“(过去)可能/也许做了某事”；用于肯定句和否定句中。
(3)can/could not have done sth. 意为“(过去)不可能做某事”；用于否定句和疑问句中。
2．表示“与过去事实相反”
(1)could have done sth.意为“(过去)本可以做某事但实际上没做”；
(2)needn't have done sth.意为“(过去)本不必做某事但实际上做了”；
(3)ought to/should have done sth.意为“(过去)本应该做某事但实际上没做”；
(4)oughtn't to/shouldn't have done sth.意为“(过去)本不应该做某事但实际上做了”。
课堂微练 即时检验
PART
02
第二部分
Ⅰ.选词填空
1．(2024·全国甲卷)Animals ____(can/need) express their needs using a lot of ways.
2．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Groups of five or more require special arrangements and _____(may/must) be confirmed in advance.
3．(2024·全国甲卷)Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day ____(may/shall) help to regulate weight.
can
must
may
4．(2024·全国甲卷)What is moderation (适度) Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You _______(would/should) feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full.
5．(2024·浙江卷1月)This unbeatable price point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I ______(would/should) never normally consider buying.
should
would
6．(2023·浙江卷1月)—______(Could/Must) you tell us what the best part about your job is
—Getting to know all of the different kids and communicating with them. I have always loved kids.
7．(2023·全国乙卷)Indoor plants ______(must/might) look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home.
Could
might
8．According to today's weather report, it does not rain, so you ________(needn't/mustn't) take an umbrella.
9．—I haven't got the reference book yet, but I'll have a test on the subject next month.
—Don't worry. You ______(may/shall) have it by Friday.
10．She _________(must/have to) be back before 10：00 because the train leaves at 10：15.
needn't
shall
has to
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．所有乘客在飞机停稳前必须保持坐姿并系好安全带。
All passengers ________________________ with seatbelts fastened until the aircraft comes to a complete stop.
2．我们队本应赢得这场比赛，但我们的主力队员在上半场比赛中受伤了。
Our team _________________________________，but our main player got injured in the first half of the match.
shall remain seated
ought to/should have won the game
3．史密斯先生不可能去了北京，因为我刚才还在图书馆看见他了。
Mr. Smith _________________________，for I saw him in the library just now.
4．你本不必熬夜复习考试的，因为教授刚刚宣布考试推迟到下周了。
You ___________________________ revising for the exam, for the professor just announced it's postponed until next week.
5．我们本来可以参观那个博物馆，但我们花了太长时间购物。
We _____________________________ but we spent too much time shopping.
can't have gone to Beijing
needn't have stayed up late
could have visited the museum(共32张PPT)
Period 4　Writing
主题引领 情境写作
PART
01
第一部分
写作一　应用文写作(描述太空生活)

假定现在是2050年，你们学校组织了一次去火星的旅行。在火星上你们到处参观，举行聚会，与外星人(alien)通电话……总之，你们玩得很愉快。 请根据以上材料，以“An Exciting Mars Trip”为题写一篇文章，描述一下你的火星之旅。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
　审题谋篇
遣词造句
巧妙对接单元词汇
1．______________________ 　　航天飞机
2．_______ v. (因疼痛、惊恐、兴奋等)
尖声大叫
3．________ adj. 很好的，了不起的
the space shuttle
scream
awesome
巧用单元句式、语法
[第一段]　点明火星之旅主题，引出下文
1．现在是2050年。几天前，我们学校组织了一次激动人心的火星之旅。能踏上这次令人惊奇的旅程，我非常兴奋。
It is the year of 2050.Our school organized a great trip to Mars a few days ago.___________________________________________
I was thrilled to embark on this amazing trip.
[第二段]　介绍在火星上的经历
2．我们乘坐航天飞机前往了火星。在火星上，我们发现了许多与地球上不同的事物。
We _____________________________ to Mars. On Mars we _________________________________________________________．
took the space shuttle
have discovered a lot of things that are different from those on Earth
3.抵达后，我们和外星人通了电话，并且邀请了许多外星人参加我们的派对。派对是在我们的航天飞机里举办的。
On arrival, we made phone calls with aliens and invited many aliens to our party. The party ____________________________．
4.他们的歌曲太棒了。我们所有人都尖叫起来。(so...that...)
Their songs were ___________________________________．
was held in our space shuttle
so awesome that all of us screamed
[第三段]　描述个人感受
5．这次火星之旅十分令人难忘。无论过去多长时间，它都将是我永远的回忆。我希望能很快再次前往火星旅行。(no matter how引导让步状语从句)
This trip to Mars was truly unforgettable.________________________
_________，it will always be my eternal memory and I hope I can travel to Mars again soon.
No matter how much time
passes
靓化表达促提升
6．用“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句改写句2
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7．用过去分词作后置定语改写句3
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
We took the space shuttle to Mars, on which we have discovered a lot of things that are different from those on Earth.
On arrival, we made phone calls with aliens and invited many aliens to our party held in our space shuttle.
衔接成篇
An Exciting Mars Trip
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
One possible version：
An Exciting Mars Trip
It is the year of 2050. Our school organized a great trip to Mars a few days ago. I was thrilled to embark on this amazing trip.
We took the space shuttle to Mars, on which we have discovered a lot of things that are different from those on Earth. On arrival, we made phone calls with aliens and invited many aliens to our party held in our space shuttle. They danced and sang together with us. Their songs were so awesome that all of us screamed.We all had a good time on Mars.
This trip to Mars was truly unforgettable. No matter how much time passes, it will always be my eternal memory and I hope I can travel to Mars again soon.
假定你是李华，你有幸参加了一个太空旅行项目，已经在太空生活了几天。请你用英语写一篇短文，向地球上的朋友们简单介绍一下你在太空第一天的生活场景，包括吃饭、锻炼以及睡觉等几个方面。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
One possible version：
I'm honored to have a chance to live in space, and the followings are what I want to share with you.
After getting up, I had some bread and fruit juice for breakfast. There being no gravity, I had to fetch a straw to drink the juice; otherwise it would have floated around in the spacecraft. I worked for several hours and took some exercise. I tied my feet to a special machine so that I wouldn't float away while working out. When it was time to go to bed, I went into a small cupboard, got into a sleeping bag and tied it to the wall. I thought I must have looked funny.
Living in space is rather difficult but amusing. I enjoy it very much.
第一段点明太空之旅主题，引出下文 1.I'm told people are concerned about our life in space.
我听说人们关心我们在太空中的生活。
2.They are curious about how we sleep and have meals in the space lab.
他们很好奇我们在太空实验室是如何睡觉和吃饭的。
3.Living in space is not the same as living on Earth.
生活在太空和生活在地球上是不一样的。
第二段介绍在太空的经历 1.Every day in space, I experienced amazing and unexpected things.
在太空的每一天，我都经历了令人惊奇和意想不到的事情。
2.My favorite thing is taking pictures of the Earth.
我最喜欢的事情是给地球拍照。
3.There being no gravity in space, the most straightforward daily tasks on Earth can be very difficult in space.
由于太空中没有重力，地球上最简单的日常任务在太空中可能非常困难。
第二段介绍在太空的经历 4.After getting up, I began to have breakfast, which consisted of some bread and a bag of fruit juice. 　起床后，我开始吃早餐，早餐包括一些面包和一袋果汁。
5.We eat only one meal for breakfast and lunch which are largely ready-to-eat foods, or what we often say snacks.
我们早餐和午餐只吃一顿饭，主要是即食食品，或者我们常说的零食。
6.Having worked for two hours, I needed to work out for some time to keep my muscles healthy. 　工作了两个小时后，我需要锻炼一段时间来保持肌肉的健康。
第三段 描述个人感受 1.Life in space is wonderful and challenging！　太空生活既精彩又富有挑战性！
2.I believe several decades later, people can live in space.
我相信几十年后，人们可以在太空中生活。
3.We firmly believe that the development of science and technology will make it possible for us to live a short time in the universe.
我们坚信科学技术的发展将使我们有可能在宇宙中生活很短的时间。
第三段 描述个人感受 4.Now the world is still at the very beginning of its voyage in space, and there are a lot of things waiting for us to get the hang of.
现在，世界仍处于太空航行的起步阶段，还有很多事情等着我们去探索。
5.Although I didn't quite adapt to life in space at first, I appreciated having the chance.
尽管我起初不太适应太空的生活，但我很感激有这个机会。
写作二　场景微续写(汤姆突遇大火，家财尽失)
词汇积累 [人物描写]　become accustomed to, crew, straightforward
[动作描写]　cast a shadow on, scream, suspend, submit, fetch, sneeze
[场景描写]　hazardous, unexceptional, tragically, instantaneously, lifelike, awesome
佳句积累 [心理描写]　Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets, their hearts in their mouths, aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was, and of the many things that could go wrong.
佳句积累 [情感描写＋心理描写]　The world went into shock, most people having assumed that this space flight would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane. How wrong they had been！Instantaneously，excitement and optimism turned into terror and failure. It was the most disastrous space accident ever, and it cast a shadow on people's hearts.
[动作描写]　We had seen the smiling faces of the astronauts waving to the world as they stepped into the shuttle.
[场景呈现]　汤姆习惯于在宁静的氛围中完成作业。然而，有一天他听到一些人在惊恐地尖叫，他意识到一些危险的事情发生了。他迅速打开公寓门，瞬间，一股刺鼻的浓烟随即涌入，让他接连打喷嚏、咳嗽。原来，不远处的一家商店正在着火。汤姆没有丝毫犹豫，冲出公寓，穿过烟雾弥漫的走廊去取水灭火。不幸的是，火势还是无情地蔓延，最终导致他公寓内的所有财物化为乌有。半小时后，消防队员及时赶到，众人的心也随之安定下来。不可否认，这场突如其来的火灾给汤姆的生活蒙上了一层阴影。
Tom 1.____________________________________________ in a quiet atmosphere. However, one day, he 2.________________________
_________________(hear＋宾语＋宾语补足语), realizing something hazardous happened. He swiftly opened his apartment door, and instantaneously, a puff of thick smoke rushed in, 3.___________________________________________________(现在分词短语作结果状语). It turned out that a shop not far away was on fire.
was accustomed to completing his homework
heard some people screaming
causing a series of sneezes and coughs
with terror
Without hesitation, Tom dashed out of his apartment, navigating through the smoke-filled corridor 4._____________________________
(动词不定式短语作状语). Tragically, the flames spread relentlessly, ultimately reducing all his belongings in the apartment to ashes. Half an hour later, the firefighters arrived promptly, and all the people breathed a sigh of relief. It was undeniable that this sudden fire 5.___________________________________________．
to fetch water to put out the fire
cast a shadow on/over Tom's life
短语必记 1.a sudden outbreak of fire　　　　突然发生火灾
2.detect the smell of smoke 察觉到烟味
3.hear the fire alarm going off 听到火警响起
4.make a dash for the exit　　冲向出口
5.use a wet towel to cover one's mouth and nose
用湿毛巾捂住口鼻
必背金句 1.The moment the fire alarm pierced the air, Tom grabbed a wet towel, covering his mouth and nose tightly as he crouched low and dashed towards the emergency exit.
火警声划破空气的那一刻，汤姆抓起一条湿毛巾，紧紧捂住口鼻，压低身子，朝着紧急出口冲去。
2.Lucy felt her way along the wall, her heart pounding in her chest, praying that she would find the stairs before it was too late.
露西沿着墙壁摸索前行，心脏在胸腔里剧烈跳动，祈祷着能及时找到楼梯。
必背金句 3.Black smoke filled the entire floor, making it impossible to keep her eyes open. Lisa followed the sound of the emergency broadcast, her hands outstretched in front of her.
黑烟弥漫了整个楼层，使她睁不开眼。丽莎循着紧急广播的声音，伸手在前方摸索。
4.As the fire spread rapidly, the family huddled together in the bathroom, soaking towels in water to seal the door cracks.　火势迅速蔓延，一家人挤在浴室里，把毛巾浸湿用来堵住门缝。
必背金句 5.Coughing violently, Lily stumbled out of the burning building, her face blackened by smoke. She collapsed onto the ground, gasping for fresh air, grateful to be alive.　莉莉剧烈咳嗽着，跌跌撞撞地从着火的大楼里跑出来，脸被烟熏黑。她瘫倒在地上，大口呼吸着新鲜空气，庆幸自己还活着。(共41张PPT)
课后巩固 多维提能
[基础知识巩固练]
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．The group _________(compose) of ten people will meet tomorrow in an attempt to organize a charity event to raise funds for local homeless shelters.
2．Looking at the beautiful scenery, they both agreed that it was the _______________(awesome) journey they had even taken.
composed
most awesome
3．A plain talk is better than a flowery speech, so just tell them __________________(straightforward) that you can't take on additional tasks right now due to your current workload.
4．Without telescopes, many stars overhead are __________(visible) to the naked eye even in the clear night sky.
5．All these documents must _______________ to the university you are applying to before December, and you should remember the final date for the ___________ of them.(submit)
straightforwardly
invisible
be submitted
submission
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．The project appeared simple on paper, but ___ reality, it required months of complex planning.
2．The students are engaged ___ group discussions, actively exchanging ideas and debating various topics.
3．Throughout history, philosophers like Socrates have dedicated their lives to the quest ____ truth, even when faced with opposition.
in
in
for
4．Whenever I see old photos, I can't help looking back ___ the happy old days when we used to explore the neighborhood together.
5．There's no easy answer to the problem and we just have to work ____ the best way of dealing with it.
to
out
维度三　完成句子
1．你睡得越早，醒来时就越感觉精力充沛。
_______________________，_____________________________ when you wake up.
2．这本书如此受欢迎，以至于许多人去看了由它改编的电影。(so...that...倒装句)
_______________________________________ many people went to see the film adapted from it.
The earlier you sleep
the more energetic you feel
So popular was the book that
3．人们认为京剧是在1790年四个著名的安徽剧团来到北京之后逐渐形成的。(Sb./Sth.＋be＋过去分词＋to do...)
_______________________________________________________ after 1790, when the four famous Anhui Opera troupes came to Beijing.
Peking Opera is believed to gradually come into being
[综合能力提升练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·湖北高二检测)The documentary Space: The Longest Goodbye explores the important role of psychologists in preparing astronauts for missions to the Moon and Mars. Even though NASA carefully plans and analyzes technical aspects of space travel, such as launch windows and flight orbits, the mental health of astronauts remains hard to measure.
The necessity for psychological support became obvious as astronauts started spending more time away from Earth, particularly with the construction of the International Space Station in 1994. With future missions aiming for longer periods of time, such as the scheduled three-year journey to Mars, the emotional stress of separation from loved ones becomes a major concern.
The documentary investigates the history of NASA's psychological team while following the experience of astronauts like Cady Coleman, a key member of NASA's Artemis program. Coleman's story, especially the painfully-moving moments of her video chats with her son, uncovers the emotional sufferings experienced by astronauts and their families due to space travel. In addition, astronauts are also observed day and night while on board the space station, adding to their psychological stress.
The film describes the strategies the team applied to deal with these challenges, such as developing companion robots to ease loneliness, conducting desert simulations to study interpersonal stress during long space missions and so on. There are a shocking large number of ideas being tested for the astronauts.
Throughout the documentary, viewers are treated to breathtaking photos of space, presented together with the personal struggles of the astronauts. This creates a mixture of both fear and hope, reflecting the difficult reality of being an astronaut.
In nature, Space：The Longest Goodbye offers an impressive exploration of the emotional and psychological journey of astronauts as they explore the vast space, wrestling with the challenges of loneliness and longing while fighting for the promise of discovery and exploration.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一部纪录片对长期在太空执行探索任务的NASA宇航员的心理探究及为宇航员心理健康所采取的一些措施。
1．What influences the mental health of the astronauts most
A．Nonstop observations in the space station.
B．Insufficient training before their missions.
C．Physical sufferings from long space travel.
D．Emotional stress of being apart from family.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the emotional stress of separation from loved ones becomes a major concern”可知，与亲人分离的情绪压力是影响宇航员心理健康最主要的因素。
√
√
2．How did NASA's psychological team solve the difficulties
A．By increasing video chats.
B．By developing robots for company.
C．By doing research into deserts.
D．By improving communication skills.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The film describes the strategies...during long space missions and so on.”可知， NASA通过开发伴侣机器人来缓解宇航员面临的情绪问题。
3．What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 5 refer to
A．The records of space scenery.
B．The challenges of longer mission.
C．The contrast of film contents.
D．The struggle of personal emotions.
解析：代词指代题。根据第五段中的“Throughout the documentary...personal struggles of the astronauts.”可推知，“This”指代上文提到的电影将宇宙的浩瀚和宇航员的内心挣扎相结合，形成一种强烈的对比感。
√
√
4．What is the author's attitude towards the documentary
A．Negative.　　　　　　B．Unclear.
C．Appreciative. D．Doubtful.
解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者高度评价了该纪录片的深远意义，因此作者对这部纪录片持有肯定、欣赏的态度。
B
(2025·哈尔滨高二检测)A Japanese company tried to land the first M1 private space vehicle on Moon.However, on 25 April, 2023, the M1 spacecraft became the latest in a long line of Moon missions that didn't quite make it.Until now, only three government-funded space agencies have soft-landed on Moon and only China is successful in its first attempt.
Why is it so hard to touch down safely on Moon
Getting a mission to Moon, around 384，000 kilometres from Earth, is much more challenging than sending a satellite into low-Earth orbit—and failures can occur early on, even for missions that don't plan to land.This happened with NASA's Lunar Flashlight mission, a small spacecraft that was launched in December, 2022 and was supposed to map Moon's ice.Its engines stopped working soon after launch.
Even if a lander makes it to the neighborhood of Moon, it still has to find its way down to the surface with no global-positioning satellites for guidance and virtually no atmosphere to help to slow it down.Once it gets within the critical last few kilometres, its software has to deal quickly and autonomously with any last-minute challenges, such as its sensors potentially becoming confused by large amounts of dust kicked up by the engines.
To pull off a successful landing in such a challenging environment, the government-funded space agencies have spent huge amounts of money on repeated tests and have learned a lot from each failed and successful attempt.“In the 1960s, when the United States and the Soviet Union were racing to land there, they crashed spacecraft after spacecraft before each finally succeeded in 1966，” says Stephen Indyk, director of space systems at Honeybee Robotics in Greenbelt, Maryland.“Without lessons learned from the setbacks and successes, it's a lot to ask of a private company to get it right in the first attempt.”
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一家日本公司试图将第一艘M1私人宇宙飞船送上月球，但以失败告终，并分析了安全着陆月球如此困难的原因。
√
5．What can be learned about M1 spacecraft
A.It became the latest unsuccessful Mars mission.
B．It was launched by a Chinese private company.
C.It was Japan's first public-funded space vehicle.
D．It failed to soft-land on the surface of Moon.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A Japanese company tried to land...M1 spacecraft...didn't quite make it.”可知，M1宇宙飞船未能在月球表面软着陆。
6．What led to the failure of the Lunar Flashlight mission
A．The computers. B．The engines.
C．The sensors. D．The satellites.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This happened...Its engines stopped working soon after launch.”可知，引擎问题导致了月球手电筒任务的失败。
√
√
7．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A．The landing challenges.
B．The necessity of cooperation.
C.The steps to land on Moon.
D．The costs of space exploration.
解析：段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，本段主要是讲述了成功着陆的挑战。
8．What does the underlined word “setbacks” in the last paragraph mean
A．Solutions. B．Benefits.
C．Failures. D．Attempts.
解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“Without lessons learned from...in the first attempt.”可知，此处是指从失败和成功中吸取教训，所以画线词意思与“失败”相近。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·哈尔滨月考)For a little girl growing up in Colombia in the 1980s, a science career with NASA may have seemed like setting foot on a faraway planet._______________， Diana Trujillo has made it—she is a(n) _______________， leading a 45-person team that's responsible for the robotic arm of the Mars rover. Born in 1983, even as a young girl, Trujillo was certain of her passion for science.
C．However
B．engineer
When she was 17, her dad offered to send her to Miami, Florida to study Aerospace Engineering. Without any _______________， she followed her dad's _______________. Arriving in the U．S. with just $300, Trujillo had to _______________ through school by doing a series of housekeeping jobs. The _______________ was definitely not easy, but Trujillo never complained.
A.hesitation
D．suggestion
C．struggle
D．process
Then came another _______________ moment for Trujillo. One of her professors casually mentioned an astronaut they were acquainted with._______________ she was “just one person away from knowing an astronaut” was all it took to _______________ Trujillo's career goals. So she ________________ her studies of space science and ________________ became the first Hispanic (西班牙语国家的) woman to be admitted to the NASA Academy in 2007. Since then, Trujillo has worn many hats at America's space agency.
B．life-changing
A.Realizing
C．inspire
D．continued
B．eventually
But Trujillo hasn't ________________ there. She also leads by example，________________ women to pursue careers in STEM fields. Her own story is a ________________ that just beyond that barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to ________________ the stars.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在哥伦比亚长大的戴安娜·特鲁希略克服重重困难，成为美国航空航天局的一名工程师，领导团队负责火星探测器的机械臂的故事。
C．stopped
A.encouraging
D．reminder
B．reach for
1．A.Therefore　　　　　 B．Otherwise
C．However D．Moreover
C　解析：根据上文“For a little girl growing up...a faraway planet.”和下文“Diana Trujillo has made it”可知，在当时对于戴安娜·特鲁希略这样的女孩来说，在美国航空航天局从事科学事业是遥不可及的事情，然而(however)她做到了，空前后构成转折关系。
2．A.astronaut B．engineer
C．pilot D．doctor
B　解析：根据下文“leading a 45-person team...of the Mars rover”以及“to study Aerospace Engineering”可推知，戴安娜·特鲁希略应该是一名工程师(engineer)。
3．A.hesitation B．complaint
C．expectation D．exception
A　解析：根据上文“Born in 1983, even as a young girl, Trujillo was certain of her passion for science.”可知，特鲁希略在小时候就对科学充满了热情，因此她会毫不犹豫地接受父亲提出的建议。without hesitation为固定短语，意为“毫不犹豫地”。
4．A.command B．footsteps
C．request D．suggestion
D　解析：根据上文“her dad offered to send her to Miami, Florida to study Aerospace Engineering”可知，此处指父亲提出的送她去学习航空航天工程的建议(suggestion)。
5．A.go B．pass
C．struggle D．push
C　解析：根据上文with just $300和“by doing a series of housekeeping jobs”可推知，特鲁希略艰难地完成了学业。struggle through意为“艰难完成”。
6．A.mission B．career
C．adventure D．process
D　解析：根据上文“Arriving in the U．S...a series of housekeeping jobs.”可知，此处指特鲁希略通过打工赚钱来完成学业的过程(process)。
7．A.risk-taking B．life-changing
C．time-consuming D．energy-saving
B　解析：根据下文“she was ‘just one person away from knowing an astronaut’ was all it took to ______ Trujillo's career goals”可知，特鲁希略经历了另一个改变人生的(life-changing)时刻。
8．A.Realizing B．Remembering
C．Imagining D．Assuming
A　解析：根据上文“One of her professors casually mentioned an astronaut they were acquainted with.”和下文“she was ‘just one person away from knowing an astronaut’”可知，教授不经意提到的事情让她意识(realize)到了自己离认识宇航员其实很近。
9．A.record B．share
C．inspire D．finish
C　解析：根据上文“she was ‘just one person away from knowing an astronaut’”可知，自己离认识宇航员其实很近这样的想法会激励(inspire)特鲁希略的职业目标，让她继续努力学习。
10．A.started B．abandoned
C．suspended D．continued
D　解析：根据上文“to study Aerospace Engineering”和下文“became the first Hispanic woman to be admitted to the NASA Academy in 2007”可知，特鲁希略继续(continue)学习这个专业。
11．A.tragically B．eventually
C．gradually D．instantaneously
B　解析：根据上文内容可推知，此处指她受到鼓舞继续努力学习，她最终(eventually)成为第一位被美国航空航天局学院录取的来自说西班牙语国家的女性。
12．A.left B．succeeded
C．stopped D．reached
C　解析：根据下文“She also leads by example”可知，她并没有就此止步(stop)。
13．A.encouraging B．promising
C．allowing D．persuading
A　解析：根据上文“She also leads by example”可知，特鲁希略以身作则，通过自己的故事来鼓励(encourage)女性在STEM领域追求事业。
14．A.symbol B．shadow
C．warning D．reminder
D　解析：根据上文内容可知，她的故事给予我们的是正面的提醒(reminder)，告诉我们努力可以助力实现梦想。
15．A.stare at B．reach for
C．long for D．come after
B　解析：根据上文“lies an entire universe of...to work hard enough to”可知，此处是用特鲁希略追寻太空梦的故事激励追寻梦想的人。reach for the stars为固定搭配，意为“追求梦想”。(共40张PPT)
课后巩固 多维提能
[基础知识巩固练]
维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．___________(accustom) to working independently, she often struggled to adapt to the collaborative demands of her new team project.
2．The old oak tree stood tall, its branches casting long ________(shadow) that danced with the evening breeze.
Accustomed
shadows
3．Rong Hong's most ____________(exception)achievement was the Chinese Educational Mission, a program sending Chinese students to study in America in the late 19th century.
4．(人教选必二 U5)Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone __________(scream) from another table.
5．The festival's ___________(suspend) due to heavy rain disappointed attendees who had traveled long distances.
exceptional
screaming
suspension
维度二　固定用法和搭配
1．After many years of hard work, his business began to take ____ when he was in his forties.
2．Don't let appearance cast a shadow ___ our confidence and we should learn to accept and love who we are.
3．It is the first time that the moon's far side has been set foot ___ by any spacecraft, which is a major milestone in space exploration.
off
on
on
4．The teacher told her student, “Don't limit yourself—always reach ____ the stars, even when others say your dreams are too big.”
5．We always tune ___ to the news channel to get informed of the latest news both home and abroad.
for
in
维度三　完成句子/一句多译
1．他们正在谈论何时开始自己的假期并计划去哪里。(介词＋宾语从句)
They _________________________________________________ and where they plan to go.
are talking about when they will start their vacation
2．毫无疑问，我们必须要对空气污染问题给予足够的重视。
______________________________________________ enough attention must be paid to the problem of air pollution.
3．她似乎已经知道了比赛结果，因为当我告诉她她得了一等奖时，她一点也不惊讶。(不定式的完成式)　
She appeared ______________________________________ as she showed no surprise at all when I told her that she had won the first prize.
There is never any doubt that/There is no doubt that
to have known the result of the competition
4．他认为这个问题并不比那个问题难，所以他有信心能正确回答这两个问题。(no＋形容词比较级＋than)
He thinks this question _________________________________， so he is confident that he can answer both correctly.
is no more difficult than that one
5．无论探索太空有多么困难，中国都将继续为之努力。(让步状语从句)
(1)____________________________________，China will continue to strive for it.
(2)_______________________________________，China will continue to strive for it.
However difficult it is to explore space
No matter how difficult it is to explore space
[综合能力提升练]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·泉州高二检测)Ellen Ochoa's life journey offers an outstanding example of how invention can lead to adventure.She first worked as a creative engineer and went on to become the world's first Hispanic female astronaut.
Ochoa graduated from San Diego State University in 1980 with a degree in Physics.Mindful of her mother's stress on the importance of education, she entered graduate school at Stanford University.When Neil Armstrong had first walked on the moon, Ochoa was 11 years old.It never would have hit her then that she too might someday become an astronaut.However, in 1983, when Ochoa was on the way to earning her PhD in Electrical Engineering, Sally Ride became the first female U．S.astronaut.This gave Ochoa the encouragement to aim high.Upon graduation, she applied to NASA to become an astronaut herself.
At Stanford, Ochoa specialized in designing optical (光学的) systems that study the objects that they “see”．After graduating, she continued this work at Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, New Mexico.Sandia's work for NASA includes developing optical, computerized recordings and models of events and phenomena (现象) in space.In time, Ochoa became the co-inventor of three optical devices.Later, working at NASA's Ames Research Center, Ochoa branched off into developing computer systems designed for space exploration.Here she also managed a team of 35 scientists.
Ochoa's excellence in optics and computer hardware had caught NASA's attention.In 1990, NASA accepted her into its astronaut training program, and in July 1991, Ochoa became an official U．S.astronaut.Less than two years later, Ochoa flew as a Mission Specialist on a Discovery Space Shuttle Mission.
Ellen Ochoa has won numerous awards for her success as an engineer, an astronaut, and a role model—not just for Hispanic or female ambitious scientists, but for anyone who believes that excellence will finally find its recognition and reward.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了艾伦·奥乔亚作为一名有创造力的工程师和第一位西班牙裔女宇航员赢得许多奖项，成为工程师、宇航员和榜样的成功典范的故事。
√
1．What inspired Ochoa to have a higher ambition in 1983
A.Her graduation from San Diego State University.
B．Her mother's stress on further education.
C．Neil Armstrong's life experience.
D．Sally Ride's example.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However, in 1983...become an astronaut herself.”可知，萨莉·莱德的例子激励艾伦·奥乔亚在1983年有了更高的抱负。
√
2．What did Ochoa co-invent before becoming an astronaut
A．Optical systems to see the moon.
B．Computerized models used in space.
C．Three optical devices.
D．Computer systems for management.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In time, Ochoa became the co-inventor of three optical devices.”可知，奥乔亚在成为宇航员之前共同发明了三个光学装置。
√
3．When was Ochoa's first visit to space
A．In 1980.　　　　　　 B．In 1983.
C．In 1991. D．In 1993.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In 1990, NASA accepted her...on a Discovery Space Shuttle Mission.”可知，在1993年奥乔亚第一次访问太空。
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4．What can be learnt through Ochoa's experiences
A．Creativity starts with an idea.
B．Courage is knowing what not to fear.
C.Follow excellence, and success will come to you.
D.Understand your limitations, and you can remove them.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，奥乔亚的经历让人们知道追求卓越，成功将会降临到你身上。
B
(2025·阳泉期中)Satellites are an important part of our ordinary lives. For example, the information about weather forecasts is sent by satellite. Some satellites have cameras which take photographs of Earth to show how clouds are moving. Satellites are also used to connect our phone calls.
Computer connections to the World Wide Web and the Internet also use satellites. Many of our TV programs come to us by satellite. Airplane pilots sometimes also use a satellite to help themselves find their exact location.
We use satellites to send television pictures from one part of the world to another. They are usually 35，880 kilometers above the equator (赤道). Sometimes we can see a satellite in the sky and it seems to stay in the same place. This is because it is moving around the world at 11，000 kilometers an hour—exactly the same speed at which the Earth rotates (转动). A satellite must move around the Earth with its antennae (天线) facing the Earth. Sometimes, it moves away from its orbit, so there are some rockets on it which are used to put the satellite back in the right position. This usually happens about every five or six days.
Space is not empty! Every week, more and more satellites are sent into space to orbit Earth. A satellite usually works for about 10-12 years. Satellites which are broken are sometimes repaired by astronauts or sometimes brought back to Earth to be repaired. Often, very old or broken satellites are left in the cosmos to orbit Earth for a very long time. Tragically, this is very dangerous because some satellites use nuclear power and they can crash into each other.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人造卫星的用途、工作原理及使用时限。
√
5．What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．A satellite moves around the Earth forever.
B．A rocket always keeps a satellite company.
C．A satellite seems to stay in the same place in the sky.
D．The satellite puts the rockets in the right position.
解析：代词指代题。根据画线词上文中的“Sometimes we can see a satellite in the sky and it seems to stay in the same place.”可知，This指代上文提到的“一颗人造卫星似乎停留在天空的同一个地方”。
√
6．What's the speed that the Earth rotates at
A．35，880 km/h. B．7.9 km/s.
C．11，000 km/h. D．110，000 km/h.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This is because it is...speed at which the Earth rotates.”可知，地球以每小时11 000千米的速度自转。
7．What can we know about satellites from the passage
A．When a satellite gets broken, it is thrown away.
B．A satellite usually serves about 10-12 years.
C．A broken satellite can harm people on Earth.
D．Broken satellites always crash into each other.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“A satellite usually works for about 10-12 years.”可知，一颗人造卫星可以工作大约十到十二年。
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8．What is the passage mainly about
A．How Internet connections benefit from satellites.
B．How we can get television pictures.
C.What astronauts do in space.
D．What satellites are used for and how they work.
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章围绕着人造卫星的作用和工作原理展开。
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Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·江西智学联盟体质量检测)In my middle school, black and white TVs rolled into classrooms whenever there was a launch of American spacecraft.Astronauts became my heroes，and when the _____________ came as to what I wanted to do when I grew up, the answer was _____________．　
D．question
A.easy
On July 20，1969, I sat in Yankee Stadium, and the game was _____________ by the news that the Apollo 11 lunar module had landed on the moon. That evening, I stayed up, rewarded by the _____________ of Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin stepping onto the moon for the first time.Before, during，and after the mission, did they _____________？Though I never walked on the moon, almost 32 years after that day, I earned a(n) _____________ to understand it.
D．interrupted
A.sight
B．worry
C．chance
On February 7，2001, I was fastened into my seat as the _____________ boarding the space shuttle Atlantis. Was I worried？Yes.About my _____________？No.As the launch clock counted down, I thought of my __________________．I had to do my job well—or I would ______________ the whole team.This mission wasn't about me.As I began to drift, a crewmate grabbed me and pressed my face against a window.I was overcome with ______________ when I looked at the majesty of our planet from 200 miles above.
A.pilot
C．safety
D．responsibilities
B．disappoint
A.emotion
Watching the world pass by at ______________ five miles per second created an unparalleled (前所未有的) perspective：It was nearly ______________ to tell where one country's border ends and another begins.I couldn't help but ______________ what I learned as an astronaut.Humans should ______________ peacefully and sustainably—that's the true legacy(遗产) of Apollo 11.
【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者回顾自己从小时候对宇航员的崇拜，到最终成为宇航员并亲自进入太空的经历。
C．roughly
D．impossible
B．reflect on
C．coexist
1．A.news　　　　　　 B．case
C．conflict D．question
D　解析：根据下文“what I wanted to do when I grew up, the answer was ______”可知，此处是指作者被问长大后想做什么这一问题(question)。
2．A.easy B．accurate
C．perfect D．persuasive
A　解析：根据上文“Astronauts became my heroes” 可知，当作者被问到长大后想做什么时，答案很简单(easy)，就是当宇航员。
3．A.changed B．spoiled
C．postponed D．interrupted
D　解析：根据下文“by the news that the Apollo 11 lunar module had landed on the moon”可知，阿波罗11号登月舱登陆月球的消息突然传来，比赛应是被打断(interrupt)了。
4．A.sight B．burden
C．phenomenon D．experience
A　解析：根据下文“Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin stepping onto the moon for the first time”可知，那天晚上作者熬夜了，看到了两位宇航员首次踏上月球的景象(sight)。
5．A.succeed B．worry
C．insist D．laugh
B　解析：根据下文“Was I worried ”和语境可知，这是作者在亲身经历登上月球后反问自己的话，所以此处是指作者当时在思考宇航员们在执行任务之前、期间和之后是否会感到担忧(worry)。
6．A.ability B．award
C．chance D．place
C　解析：根据下文“I was fastened into my seat...Atlantis”可知，作者登上亚特兰蒂斯号航天飞机，获得了一个机会(chance)来理解这一切。
7．A.pilot B．passenger
C．pioneer D．volunteer
A　解析：根据上文“I was fastened into my seat”和下文“As the launch clock...I had to do my job well”可知，作者应当是作为航空器驾驶员(pilot)登上亚特兰蒂斯号航天飞机的。
8．A.health B．fame
C．safety D．honor
C　解析：根据下文“As the launch clock...I had to do my job well”可知，当发射钟倒计时的时候，作者并没有担忧自己的安全(safety)，而是想到了自己的责任(responsibility)。
9．A.priorities B．options
C．assumptions D．responsibilities
D　解析：参见上题解析。
10．A.embarrass B．disappoint
C．annoy D．shock
B　解析：根据上文“I had to do my job well”可知，作者认为自己必须做好自己的工作，否则会让整个团队失望(disappoint)。
11．A.emotion B．ambition
C．doubt D．uncertainty
A　解析：根据下文“when I looked at the majesty of our planet from 200 miles above”可知，当作者从200英里的高空望着地球的壮丽景象时，他激动得不能自持。be overcome with emotion 意为“激动得不能自持”。
12．A.regularly B．directly
C．roughly D．merely
C　解析：根据下文five miles per second可知，此处是指速度大约(roughly)为每秒钟5英里。
13．A.common B．reasonable
C．unnecessary D．impossible
D　解析：根据上文“Watching the world pass by...an unparalleled perspective”可知，速度很快，几乎不可能(impossible)分辨出一个国家的边界在哪里结束，另一个国家的边界在哪里开始。
14．A.look forward to B．reflect on
C．give up on D．look into
B　解析：根据下文“what I learned as an astronaut”可知，作者不禁认真思考(reflect on)自己作为宇航员所学到的东西。
15．A.compete B．resist
C．coexist D．innovate
C　解析：根据下文“peacefully and sustainably—that's the true legacy of Apollo 11”可知，作者在思考的过程中明白了人类应该和平、可持续地共存(coexist)。

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