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核心素养测评
必修 第二册 Unit 3 The Internet
(35分钟　50分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分,满分20分)
A
(2026·邢台模拟)
Most have probably heard of Henry David Thoreau and his book Walden, even though his message of simplicity may sound outdated.Nowadays, smart phones flood us with text messages.Many consumers are buying the latest digital devices, from tablets and fitness trackers to commercial drones.Simple living seems to be a thing of the past.
Thoreau would beg to differ.As a writer who advocated the value of simplicity almost two centuries ago, he was a contrarian(叛逆者) for his time.He lived during the height of the Industrial Age, distinguished by the rise of large factories, expanding urban developments, and powerful machines.
Turned off by the constant busyness of this time, Thoreau withdrew from city life to live alone in the woods.He brought with him only the necessities of life and wrote about this adventure in his book Walden.In the book, Thoreau is basically making a philosophical statement.We are not living meaningful lives due to modern technology.We created powerful machines to make life more convenient.Unfortunately, these machines have done the opposite.In his words, “men have become the tools of their tools”.
That is to say, we are not the ones controlling technology.Technology is controlling us.Every few minutes, smart phones may distract us with messages.At least half of Americans check their phones several times an hour.Meanwhile, information overload from social media can weaken our concentration and heighten confusion.
When technology causes that much distraction and confusion, it may be healthy to simplify life by reducing technology overuse.Personally, I’ve done so in two ways.First, I use very little data on my phone and keep the apps on it to a minimum.Most of the time, I only use my phone to call or text.Second, I quit most social media.Sure, those two things aren’t as extreme as Thoreau withdrawing into the woods.Nevertheless, they’re realistic moves I can make toward living a more meaningful life.
【语篇属性】
语篇类型 夹叙夹议 主题语境 人与社会
语篇 内容 文章通过Henry David Thoreau的故事探讨了科技给生活带来了什么,说明应该适当简化生活,让生活更有意义
语篇 结构 Para.1 Thoreau’s message of simplicity contrasts with today’s tech-driven world.
Para.2 Thoreau was a contrarian in the Industrial Age.
Para.3 Thoreau withdrew to the woods, criticizing modern technology.
Para.4 Technology controls us, causing distraction and confusion.
Para.5 Reducing tech overuse can simplify and improve life.
1.Which statement would Thoreau probably agree with
A.Technology holds back our ambition.
B.Technology is the key to a meaningful life.
C.Simplicity is outdated in modern times.
D.Simplicity matters even in a tech-driven world.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:Thoreau; agree with
定信息 在原文中定位关键词,确定答题关键句:第二段“As a writer who advocated the value of simplicity almost two centuries ago, he was a contrarian for his time.He lived during the height of the Industrial Age, distinguished by the rise of large factories, expanding urban developments, and powerful machines.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A Technology holds back our ambition. 曲解文意 考查对文中核心观点的把握
B Technology is key to a meaningful life. 曲解文意
C Simplicity is outdated in modern times. 无中生有
D Simplicity matters even in a tech-driven world. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果
分析:选D。根据第二段可知,Thoreau可能会同意的一点是,即使在一个科技驱动的世界里,简朴也很重要
2.Why did Thoreau escape to the woods
A.He was abandoned by society.
B.He was fed up with busy industrial life.
C.He tried to prove his independence.
D.He enjoyed adventures in the forest.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:Why;escaped to the woods
定信息 在原文中定位关键词,确定答题关键句:第三段“Turned off by the constant busyness of this time, Thoreau withdrew from city life to live alone in the woods.He brought with him only the necessities of life and wrote about this adventure in his book Walden.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A He was abandoned by society. 无中生有 考查对文中描述的Thoreau逃离城市生活背景的理解
B He was fed up with busy industrial life. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果
C He tried to prove his independence. 曲解文意
D He enjoyed adventures in the forest. 曲解文意
分析:选B。根据第三段可知,他厌倦了忙碌的工业生活,离开城市去了树林
3.Why are smart phones and social media mentioned in Paragraph 4
A.To demonstrate the dominance of technology.
B.To show the convenience of technological tools.
C.To discuss the effect of modernization.
D.To highlight the extensive use of technology.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:Why;mentioned
定信息 在原文中定位关键词,确定答题关键句:第四段“Technology is controlling us.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A To demonstrate the dominance of technology. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果 考查对文中通过具体例子说明技术对人类生活的控制的理解
B To show the convenience of technological tools. 曲解文意
C To discuss the effect of modernization. 无中生有
D To highlight the extensive use of technology. 无中生有
分析:选A。根据第四段可知,这一段在举例说明技术如何控制我们,比如手机不断分散注意力,社交媒体上信息过载削弱我们的专注力并加剧困惑感。由此推知,本段提到智能手机和社交媒体是为了展示技术的主导地位
4.What does the author think of his ways of simplifying life
A.Satisfying.　　　　　B.Exciting.
C.Amusing. D.Challenging.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:think of;his ways of simplifying life
定信息 在原文中定位关键词,确定答题关键句:最后一段“Sure, those two things aren’t as extreme as Thoreau withdrawing into the woods.Nevertheless, they’re realistic moves I can make toward living a more meaningful life.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A Satisfying. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果 考查对文中作者个人经验的描述的理解
B Exciting. 曲解文意
C Amusing. 无中生有
D Challenging. 无中生有
分析:选A。根据最后一段可知,作者认为他简化生活的方法令人满意
B
(2026·合肥模拟)
The growing interaction between humans and artificial intelligence(AI) is shaping a new way of thinking, known as System 0.This new cognitive framework exists outside the human mind and works as an external “thinking assistant”.System 0 works alongside the two established models of human thought: System 1, which is fast and automatic, and System 2, which is slower, more analytical, and reflective.
Just as an external drive allows us to store data that are not present on the computer and work anywhere by connecting to a PC, AI—with its powerful data-handling capabilities—functions as an external cognitive circuit that enhances human brain capacity.Hence the idea of System 0, which is essentially a form of “external” thinking, relies on the capabilities of AI.
By managing enormous amounts of data, AI can process information and provide suggestions based on complex algorithms(算法).However, unlike intuitive or analytical thinking, System 0 can perform calculations, make predictions, and generate responses without truly “understanding” the content of the data it works with.
The integration of System 0 into human cognition raises some concerns.One of the most pressing ones is the potential damage to our critical thinking and reasoning abilities.If we blindly trust the output of System 0 without questioning it, we risk losing our ability to think independently, leading to a weaker capacity for innovation and creativity.At the same time, it is important to acknowledge the potential benefits of System 0 in increasing our cognitive capabilities and addressing complex challenges that may be beyond the capacity of human intelligence alone.
Despite the polarized visions on the topic of the evolution of AI, we recommend that this revolutionary system be the object of a deep, shared reflection on how we plan to integrate it into the future of human thought.To ensure that AI remains a tool to enhance—rather than decrease—our cognitive autonomy, clear boundaries must be established.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的认知框架——System 0,它是人类与人工智能互动中形成的外部“思考助手”,并探讨了其与人类已有的思维模式的关系、本质、带来的担忧与益处以及未来的整合方向。
5.What is the main function of Paragraph 1
A.To explain how AI impacts daily routines.
B.To introduce a new cognitive framework.
C.To compare three human thinking systems.
D.To analyze AI’s role in decision-making processes.
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据第一段“The growing interaction between humans and artificial intelligence(AI) is shaping a new way of thinking, known as System 0.This new cognitive framework exists outside the human mind and works as an external ‘thinking assistant’.”可知,第一段开篇就引出了System 0这一新的认知框架,并简要介绍了它的性质,核心是介绍这一新的认知框架。故选B。
6.Which statement captures the essence of System 0
A.It seeks profound meanings in data.
B.It pioneers analytical thinking methods.
C.It enhances human cognition externally.
D.It makes intelligent decisions independently.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段“Just as an external drive allows us to store data that are not present on the computer and work anywhere by connecting to a PC, AI—with its powerful data-handling capabilities—functions as an external cognitive circuit that enhances human brain capacity.”可知,System 0的本质是从外部增强人类的认知能力。故选C。
7.What is the author’s tone conveyed in Paragraph 4
A.Objective. B.Indifferent.
C.Aggressive. D.Dismissive.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第四段可知,作者既提到了System 0带来的担忧,也指出了它的潜在益处,态度是客观的。故选A。
8.What will the follow-up paragraph most probably talk about
A.Moral dilemmas in human-AI integration.
B.Potentially promising prospects of System 0.
C.Technical challenges in sharpening System 0.
D.Specific guidelines on using System 0 critically.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段“To ensure that AI remains a tool to enhance—rather than decrease—our cognitive autonomy, clear boundaries must be established.”可知,接下来很可能会讨论关于如何批判性地使用System 0的具体指导方针,以建立这种明确的界限。故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
(2025·山东模拟)
Uday Bhatia’s journey began with childhood curiosity.At 10, a drone(无人机) gift 　9　 his interest in technology.By 14, he 　10　 his first video game on the Internet, showcasing early programming skills.
During the pandemic, Uday turned his focus to social 　11　, creating Find Our Tutor to 　12　 students struggling with online learning.Later, visiting Bichpuri village, he witnessed children studying under dangerous kerosene(煤油) lamps 　13　 frequent power cuts—a problem 　14　 in many rural areas.
　15　 to help, Uday spent months designing prototypes in his workshop.After 24 　16　, he developed Smart Outage-Guard(OG), an adjustable bulb costing 250 Indian Rupee 　17　 its lighting capacity to up to 10 hours.
The innovation’s 　18　 impact was immediate:10,000 homes gained reliable light.Uday’s company now 　19　 with NGOs to distribute bulbs and solar-powered Glow Grid lamps.His work 　20　 the 2023 Diana Legacy Award, highlighting 　21　 solutions to global challenges.
“True change,” Uday says, “requires 　22　 problems from all angles.” Now, he plans to expand affordable energy 　23　 while studying abroad.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Uday Bhatia的科技创新历程与贡献。
9.A.aroused B.satisfied
C.limited D.questioned
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:10岁时,一架无人机礼物激发了他对技术的兴趣。aroused激发;satisfied满足;limited限制;questioned质疑。根据后文“his interest in technology”可知,无人机礼物激发了他对技术的兴趣,故选A。
10.A.played B.coded
C.reviewed D.imagined
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:14岁时,他在网上编写了自己的第一个视频游戏,展示了早期的编程技能。played玩;coded编写代码;reviewed复习;imagined想象。根据后文“his first video game on the Internet”可知,他编写了自己的第一个游戏代码,故选B。
11.A.trends B.media
C.issues D.hobbies
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:在疫情期间,Uday将注意力转向社会问题,创建了Find Our Tutor来帮助那些在线学习有困难的学生。trends趋势;media媒体;issues问题;hobbies爱好。根据后文“creating Find Our Tutor to ______students struggling with online learning”可知,他关注到了社会中存在的问题并采取行动,social issues“社会问题”。故选C。
12.A.entertain B.challenge
C.test D.assist
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。entertain娱乐;challenge挑战;test测试;assist帮助。根据后文“students struggling with online learning”可知,他创建Find Our Tutor是为了帮助在线学习有困难的学生,故选D。
13.A.due to B.instead of
C.apart from D.as for
【解析】选A。考查介词短语辨析。句意:后来,在访问Bichpuri村时,他目睹了孩子们由于频繁停电而在危险的煤油灯下学习——这是许多农村地区普遍存在的问题。due to由于;instead of代替;apart from除了;as for至于。根据后文“frequent power cuts”可知,孩子们在煤油灯下学习是由于频繁停电,故选A。
14.A.unique B.popular
C.widespread D.temporary
【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。unique独特的;popular流行的;widespread普遍的;temporary暂时的。根据后文“in many rural areas”可知,这是许多农村地区普遍存在的问题,故选C。
15.A.Interested B.Determined
C.Abandoned D.Moved
【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:决心要帮忙,Uday在他的作坊里花了几个月的时间设计原型。Interested感兴趣的;Determined有决心的;Abandoned被遗弃的;Moved感动的。根据后文“Uday spent months designing prototypes in his workshop”可知,他决心要帮助解决这个问题。故选B。
16.A.tasks B.attempts
C.missions D.assignments
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:经过24次尝试,他开发了Smart Outage-Guard(OG),这是一种可调节的灯泡,售价250印度卢比,照明时间可延长至10小时。tasks任务;attempts尝试;missions使命;assignments作业。根据前文“After 24”和后文“he developed Smart Outage-Guard(OG)”可知,Uday经过多次尝试后成功开发出了产品。故选B。
17.A.extending B.widening
C.enriching D.spreading
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。extending延长;widening加宽;enriching使丰富;spreading传播。根据后文“its lighting capacity to up to 10 hours”可知,这种灯泡的照明时间延长了,故选A。
18.A.financial B.educational
C.social D.political
【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这项创新的社会影响是立竿见影的:10 000个家庭获得了可靠的照明。financial金融的;educational教育的;social社会的;political政治的。根据后文“10,000 homes gained reliable light”可知,这项创新对社会产生了影响,故选C。
19.A.competes B.disagrees
C.experiments D.partners
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:Uday的公司现在与非政府组织合作,分发灯泡和太阳能供电的Glow Grid灯。competes竞争;disagrees不同意;experiments做实验;partners合作。根据后文“with NGOs to distribute bulbs and solar-powered Glow Grid lamps”可知,他的公司与非政府组织合作,故选D。
20.A.collected B.guaranteed
C.accomplished D.earned
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:他的工作赢得了2023年戴安娜遗产奖,突出了年轻人对全球挑战的解决方案。collected收集;guaranteed保证;accomplished完成;earned赢得。根据后文“the 2023 Diana Legacy Award”可知,他赢得了奖项,故选D。
21.A.expensive B.traditional
C.youth-led D.short-term
【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。expensive昂贵的;traditional传统的;youth-led年轻人领导的;short-term短期的。根据后文“Now, he plans to expand affordable energy______while studying abroad.”可知,作为一个年轻人,他的工作突出了年轻人对全球挑战的解决方案,故选C。
22.A.analyzing B.avoiding
C.summarizing D.memorizing
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:“真正的改变,”Uday说,“需要从各个角度分析问题。”analyzing分析;avoiding避免;summarizing总结;memorizing记忆。根据后文“problems from all angles”可知,Uday强调需要从各个角度分析问题,故选A。
23.A.conservation B.storage
C.access D.process
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:现在他计划在国外学习期间扩大可负担能源的获取范围。conservation保护;storage储存;access获取;process过程。根据前文“he plans to expand affordable energy”可知,他想让更多人能使用到实惠的能源,他计划扩大可负担能源的获取范围,故选C。
Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
(2026·福建模拟)
Thanks to cutting-edge 3D technology, researchers in China digitally reconstructed the face of a man from the Hongshan culture 24.________ lived during the Neolithic Age, offering modern audiences a glance at life over 5,000 years ago.
The reconstructed face belongs to a man 25.________(estimate) to have been between 25 and 30 years old.The 26.________(relative) well-preserved skull was unearthed from a tomb dating back to the Hongshan culture period found in Liaoning.
Researchers combined insights from diverse disciplines 27.________(determine) the individual’s gender and age—recreating facial features down to details such as eyes, skin and hair color.It is the first reconstruction based on 28.________ actual Hongshan ancestor’s skull.Now the reconstructed face 29.________(consider) the closest to reality achieved.
The Hongshan culture is a significant marker of China’s transition to the era of ancient states.The discovery of this culture laid the foundation 30.________ understanding the diverse origins of Chinese civilization.
Compared to traditional sculptural restoration 31.________(method), 3D technology offers greater scientific precision, 32.________(high) accuracy and improved efficiency.China’s advancements in 3D technology are continuously providing valuable insights into historical discoveries, 33.________(help) to reveal the true appearance of ancient people and deepening our understanding of history.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国研究人员利用3D技术对红山文化时期一名男子的面部进行数字重建,展示了5 000多年前的生活,说明了3D技术在这方面的优势。
24.【解析】who/that。考查定语从句。句意:多亏了先进的3D技术,中国的研究人员对红山文化时期一名生活在新石器时代的男子的面部进行了数字重建,让现代观众得以一瞥5 000多年前的生活。“______ lived during the Neolithic Age”是限制性定语从句,先行词是a man,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。
25.【解析】estimated。考查非谓语动词。句意:重建的面部属于一名估计年龄在25岁至30岁之间的男子。“______ to have been between 25 and 30 years old”作后置定语,修饰a man,estimate(估计)是非谓语动词,与其主语a man之间是被动关系,应用过去分词,表被动。故填estimated。
26.【解析】relatively。考查副词。句意:这个相对保存完好的头骨是在辽宁发现的一座可追溯到红山文化时期的古墓中出土的。提示词修饰形容词well-preserved,用副词relatively作状语,意为“相对地”。故填relatively。
27.【解析】to determine。考查非谓语动词。句意:研究人员结合了多学科知识来确定这个人的性别和年龄——重建面部特征,甚至包括眼睛、皮肤和头发颜色等细节。“______ the individual’s gender and age”是“combined insights from diverse disciplines”的目的,应用不定式作目的状语。故填to determine。
28.【解析】an。考查冠词。句意:这是第一次基于实际的红山祖先头骨进行的重建。可数名词skull作宾语,在句中表示“一个实际的红山祖先的头骨”,泛指,且actual是发音以元音音素开头的单词,应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
29.【解析】is considered。考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:现在,重建的面部被认为是最接近现实的成果。consider(认为)是谓语动词,与主语the reconstructed face之间是被动关系,结合语境可知,描述现在的情况,用一般现在时的被动语态,主语是单数名词,be动词用is。故填is considered。
30.【解析】for。考查介词。句意:这一文化的发现为理解中华文明的多元起源奠定了基础。lay the foundation for是固定短语,意为“为……奠定基础”。故填for。
31.【解析】methods。考查名词的数。句意:与传统的雕塑修复方法相比,3D技术具有更高的科学精度、更高的准确性和更高的效率。可数名词method作宾语,意为“方法”,根据语境可知,此处指多种传统的雕塑修复方法,应用复数形式。故填methods。
32.【解析】higher。考查形容词比较级。根据语境可知,是将3D技术与传统的雕塑修复方法进行比较,应用形容词比较级higher表示“更高的”。故填higher。
33.【解析】helping。考查非谓语动词。句意:中国3D技术的进步不断为历史发现提供有价值的见解,有助于揭示古人的真实面貌,加深我们对历史的理解。“______ to reveal the true appearance of ancient people and deepening our understanding of history”作伴随状语,help(帮助)是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语China’s advancements in 3D technology之间是主动关系,应用现在分词,表主动。故填helping。
七选五
(2026·南京模拟)
The Impact of Technology on Modern Education
Technology is developing fast these years and changing our lives a lot, especially in education. For hundreds of years, traditional classroom settings have been the basic part of education.　1　
Firstly, the use of digital devices such as tablets and laptops in the classroom has made it easier for students to access a vast amount of information instantly.　2　 Instead of relying solely on textbooks, students can now explore a wide range of resources, including online articles and videos. This not only enriches their knowledge but also helps them develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills.
Moreover, online learning platforms have revolutionized the way students learn and interact with their teachers and peers.　3　Nowadays students can attend virtual classes, submit assignments, and receive feedback from their teachers at any time and from anywhere. This flexibility is particularly beneficial for students who have busy schedules or live in remote areas, as it allows them to continue their education without being physically present in a classroom.
　4　 One of the main concerns is the digital divide, which refers to the gap between those who have access to digital technology and those who do not. Many students from low-income families may not have access to computers or the Internet at home. This can result in unequal educational opportunities, as students without access to the necessary technology may fall behind their peers.
Additionally, there is a risk that students may become overly dependent on technology, which could affect their ability to think independently and solve problems without relying on digital tools.　5　 Teachers need to strike a balance between using technology to enhance learning and encouraging students to develop their own cognitive abilities.
A.But now, digital tools and online platforms are changing them.
B.Students may also become distracted by the numerous digital devices.
C.Technology allows educators to meet the unique needs of each student.
D.Students can now access information from around the world in seconds.
E.However, the technology in education also comes with some challenges.
F.The traditional classroom is still the most effective way to teach students.
G.The convenience of online learning platforms has made education more accessible.
【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。科技对现代教育影响深远,数字设备和在线平台带来了便利,如信息获取便捷、学习灵活,但也存在数字鸿沟等挑战。
1.【解析】选A。由上文“For hundreds of years, traditional classroom settings have been the basic part of education.”可知, 此处强调传统课堂的长期主导地位,空格处需引出科技对其的改变,而A项“But now, digital tools and online platforms are changing them.(但现在,数字工具和在线平台正在改变它们)”符合语境,通过But now形成转折,them指代上文traditional classroom settings,衔接科技对传统教育的影响。故选A。
2.【解析】选D。由上文“Firstly, the use of digital devices such as tablets and laptops in the classroom has made it easier for students to access a vast amount of information instantly.”可知, 此处强调数字设备让信息获取更便捷,空格处需具体说明信息获取的效率,D项“Students can now access information from around the world in seconds.(学生现在可以在几秒钟内访问来自世界各地的信息)”符合语境,in seconds呼应instantly,进一步突出信息获取的即时性,且from around the world扩展了信息范围。故选D。
3.【解析】选G。由上文“online learning platforms have revolutionized the way students learn and interact with their teachers and peers.”可知, 此处强调在线平台对学习模式的革新,空格处需说明其带来的便利效果,G项“The convenience of online learning platforms has made education more accessible.(在线学习平台的便利性使教育更容易获得)”符合语境,convenience概括了平台的特点,more accessible对应下文at any time and from anywhere,具体诠释灵活性优势。故选G。
4.【解析】选E。由下文可知, 此处开始讨论科技带来的问题,空格处需引出转折性的挑战,E项“However, the technology in education also comes with some challenges.(然而,教育中的技术也带来了一些挑战)”符合语境,However标志转折,challenges总领下文 “数字鸿沟”等问题,逻辑衔接紧密。故选E。
5.【解析】选B。 由上文“Additionally, there is a risk that students may become overly dependent on technology, which could affect their ability to think independently and solve problems without relying on digital tools.”可知, 此处讨论技术依赖的负面影响,空格处需补充另一种潜在问题,B项“Students may also become distracted by the numerous digital devices.(学生也可能被众多数字设备分散注意力)”符合语境,also表明与上文“过度依赖”并列的问题,distracted进一步说明技术对学习的干扰。故选B。核心素养测评
必修 第二册 Unit 1 Cultural Heritage
(35分钟　50分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分,满分20分)
A
(2026·邵阳模拟)
In today’s interconnected world, cross-cultural communication has emerged as a vital skill for fostering international cooperation and social harmony.Britain, with its centuries-old history of absorbing diverse influences and its current multicultural landscape, serves as an ideal example of how tradition and modernity can coexist to bridge cultural gaps.
The roots of British cultural adaptability trace back to ancient times.When the Romans invaded Britain in 55 BC, they not only established management systems but also constructed public facilities such as roads and Hadrian’s Wall—a massive defensive structure marking the northern border of their empire.These innovations not only managed conflicts with Celtic tribes(部落) but also laid the foundation for future cultural exchanges.Today, this legacy of blending old and new remains evident.For instance, the British Parliament maintains strict dress codes requiring formal suits and robes(长袍) during sessions, symbolizing respect for tradition.Meanwhile, modern Britain has embraced literary festivals and experimental theater productions, reflecting its dynamic engagement with contemporary artistic expression.
However, navigating cultural differences remains challenging.In international business settings, British professionals often prioritize building trust through indirect communication and tea-break small talk, while their American counterparts favor straightforward discussions to get straight to the point.Research by the London Business School(2022) reveals that 68% of cross-Atlantic negotiations face delays due to these contrasting styles.Americans may interpret British politeness as indecision, whereas Britons perceive American directness as impersonal and overly focused only on business deals.
Language differences further test cultural sensitivity.A simple phrase like “I’ll consider it” in British English often means a polite refusal, whereas Americans might take it literally as openness to further discussion.Even gestures differ: maintaining eye contact is seen as confident in the U.S.but may be viewed as aggressive in some British contexts.
To address these challenges, educational institutions play a key role.Universities like Oxford and Cambridge now offer courses such as “Global Communication Strategies”, where students role-play negotiation scenes and analyze case studies of multinational corporations.Such training emphasizes empathy, active listening, and adapting communication styles to diverse audiences.As globalization continues to erase borders, mastering these skills becomes not just beneficial but essential for building a more inclusive world.
【语篇属性】
语篇类型 议论文 主题语境 人与社会
语篇内容 本文以英国为例,探讨了跨文化沟通的历史根基与现代挑战,并强调通过教育培养文化敏感性的重要性
语篇 结构 Para.1 Cross-cultural communication is vital for global harmony.
Para.2 British cultural adaptability is rooted in ancient history.
Para.3 Navigating cultural differences is challenging in international business.
Para.4 Language and gestures highlight cultural sensitivity.
Para.5 Education is the key to addressing cross-cultural challenges.
1.What can be known about the purpose of the Romans building Hadrian’s Wall
A.To establish trade routes with Celtic tribes.
B.To mark the southern border of the Roman Empire.
C.To showcase advanced architectural skills.
D.To manage conflicts and control territory.
【解题过程】
2.What can be inferred about British and American negotiation styles from Paragraph 3
A.Their differences may lead to misunderstandings.
B.They both value long-term relationships equally.
C.Americans prefer indirect communication.
D.British negotiators focus on short-term gains.
【解题过程】
3.What does the word “impersonal” mean in the context of American negotiators
A.Friendly and emotional.
B.Aggressive and rude.
C.Emotionally distant and formal.
D.Humorous and casual.
【解题过程】
4.What might the author discuss next regarding cross-cultural communication training
A.The history of Roman education systems.
B.Specific methods used in university courses.
C.How technology replaces traditional teaching.
D.Economic costs of cultural misunderstandings.
【解题过程】
B
(2025·合肥模拟)
Among world languages, English places perhaps the highest value on the expressions of thanks, especially in formal and business settings.So it’s logical that English speakers tend to conflate the expression of thankfulness with the feeling of thankfulness.If somebody didn’t say “thanks”, we often think, they must not have been very grateful.And yet, in English, “thank you” gets used so frequently that it can easily start to feel habitual.
But do we say it as much as we think in our casual interactions with family and friends A new research paper titled Universals and Cultural Diversity in the Expression of Thankfulness suggests that no, we do not.
The research team behind the paper looked for expressions of thankfulness in daily informal interactions across eight languages: English, Italian, Polish, Russian, Lao, Cha’palaa, Murrinhpatha, and Siwu.The findings suggest the universal way in which thankfulness is expressed is not through giving thanks, but rather through participation in a social agreement in which mutual(相互的) assistance and working together are the norm.In fact, the practice of giving thanks seems to have little impact on the practice of mutual exchange.
The practice of giving thanks also varies culturally. In India, for example, people—especially when they are your elders, relatives, or close friends—tend to feel that by thanking them, you’re weakening your closeness with them and creating formality and distance that shouldn’t exist! In contrast, in England, expressing thankfulness through words is seen as a positive strengthening of relationships, promoting goodwill and connection.
Nick Enfield, lead researcher of the study, suggests that most of the 6,000 to 7,000 world languages don’t have a word for “thank you”. “When we consider the negative effects of thanking close relations alongside the fact that many languages are spoken in very small communities where speakers are likely to know each other, that claim starts to feel quite reasonable.”
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。研究发现不同文化表达感激的方式有差异,很多语言甚至无“谢谢”一词,且普遍表达靠互助合作。
5.What does the underlined word “conflate” in Paragraph 1 mean
A.Compare.　　　　　　B.Replace.
C.Figure out. D.Mix up.
6.How do people express thankfulness universally according to the study
A.By saying thanks directly.
B.By making social agreements.
C.By using body language.
D.By helping and cooperating.
7.How do Indians view the practice of giving thanks to relatives
A.It weakens their bond.
B.It reduces their social distance.
C.It enhances their connection.
D.It promotes their mutual trust.
8.What does Nick Enfield imply in the last paragraph
A.Many cultures do not emphasize thankfulness.
B.Thankfulness might not be expressed in words.
C.Small communities prefer to thank close friends.
D.The negative effects of thanking should be avoided.
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
(2026·泰安模拟)
In July of 1899, The Early Work of Aubrey Beardsley, was added to the booklist of the Worcester Public Library.The book, a compilation(合集) of illustrations by a British artist and poet, was 　9　 in the collection until 1973, when it was 　10　 and never seen.
Just recently, the book was found by a Boston resident who wanted to keep it from being 　11　.It was brought to the Cambridge Public Library, but the library soon realized the book was not their 　12　.The manager, Kathy Penny, 　13　 the book to the Worcester Public Library with a handwritten note that read, “Returning to its 　14　 home, 51 years later.”
Alex London was the first to 　15　 the book in the Worcester Public Library and was 　16　 at its return.“It’s 　17　 that someone found this,” London said.“But not only that they found it, but that it is in such good 　18　.” In his 15 years in the 　19　, he said he had seen books returned late or not at all, but never returned after 51 years.
“With something over 100 years old, how many people 　20　 it How many people worked with it, and how many people read it ” London said.“That’s something that’s really fun to think about, the 　21　 of materials that we’re able to have.”
On November 1, the Worcester Public Library made a post 　22　 the book’s long-awaited return.“Thanks to Cambridge Public Library and the Boston resident who found this book and 　23　 it was returned after 51 years,” the post said.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了1899年加入伍斯特公共图书馆书单的《奥布里·比尔兹利的早期作品》在1973年借出后失踪,51年后被波士顿居民发现并归还的故事。
9.A.banned B.hidden
C.placed D.kept
10.A.checked out B.stored up
C.handed in D.thrown away
11.A.protected B.robbed
C.destroyed D.returned
12.A.category B.series
C.copyright D.collection
13.A.sent B.donated
C.sold D.handed
14.A.new B.modern
C.private D.original
15.A.display B.read
C.receive D.discover
16.A.amazed B.puzzled
C.delighted D.embarrassed
17.A.normal B.rare
C.common D.regular
18.A.content B.condition
C.situation D.order
19.A.city B.atmosphere
C.industry D.environment
20.A.abandoned B.touched
C.introduced D.edited
21.A.preservation B.promotion
C.exchange D.usage
22.A.printing B.predicting
C.announcing D.withholding
23.A.hoped B.ensured
C.believed D.committed
Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
(2026·如皋中学模拟)
　　The popularity of ancient towns in the south of the Yangtze River, such as Zhouzhuang and Wuzhen, has aroused a nationwide trend in the construction of ancient towns. A relevant expert pointed 24.________ that there are more than 2,800 developed or developing ancient towns in our country, 25.________ is definitely the highest number globally.
In ancient towns,26.________ immersive (沉浸式的) experience being mentioned here is historical and cultural characteristics—the “ancient” of ancient towns. Apart from visible “special buildings”, characteristics also include invisible “culture”. Tourists in ancient towns want to see the living 27.________ (condition) of local people, feel the vitality of town life, try local special snacks 28.________ (influence) by geography and folk customs, and understand how the long history 29.________ (shape) local culture. Out of modern fast-paced work and life, tourists want to awaken their inner softness with a slow-moving ancient town.
Touring ancient towns is for recreation, relaxation, and pleasure,30.________, if all the ancient towns in different places are the same and cannot find their own 31.________ (unique), then ancient town tourism will 32.________ (eventual) decline. Let every ancient town become a unique historical imprint (印记), so that tourists can find their “poetry and distance” while 33.________ (wander) through the ancient towns. This is the soul that ancient towns need to regain.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述了江南古镇的流行引发了全国古镇建设的热潮,并强调了古镇旅游中独特性的重要性。
七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
(2025·河南模拟)
Heritage(遗产) railways are often referred to as preserved railways.Now, these railways are typically operated by volunteers and enthusiasts.They are considered living museums.　1　
One of them is their role in preserving industrial heritage.Railways were crucial in the industrial revolution.They facilitated the movement of goods and people.In turn, they drove economic growth and societal change.　2　 They showcase the evolution of rail technology, from steam-powered engines to diesel and electric locomotives(机车).They can illustrate the innovation that shaped modern transportation.
Heritage railways also hold significant cultural and social value.They bring back memories of a bygone era, reminding visitors of the social fabric that used to center on rail travel.　3　 They might bring back childhood journeys or family stories.The stations serve as community centers, hosting events and gatherings that develop a sense of belonging and shared heritage.
　4　 They offer hands-on learning experiences for all ages, from school groups studying history and engineering to individuals interested in the mechanics of locomotives.The knowledgeable volunteers who operate these railways provide insights and stories that enrich the learning experience, making history come alive in a way that textbooks cannot.
Beyond their historical and cultural significance, heritage railways contribute to local economies.　5　 Thus, this supports businesses in the surrounding areas.The preservation and operation of these railways also create jobs, both directly and indirectly, stimulating economic activity and helping sustain rural communities.
As such, heritage railways deserve our support and appreciation for the invaluable contributions they make to society.
A.They hold so many incredible values.
B.They preserve local and national heritage.
C.Heritage railways often operate on random routes.
D.Educationally, heritage railways are invaluable resources.
E.For many, these railways represent a link to personal history.
F.They attract tourists, who spend money on tickets, and investors.
G.They provide a window into the great engineering achievements of past eras.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了遗产铁路的历史价值。核心素养测评
必修 第二册 Unit 2 Wildlife Protection
(30分钟　47.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分,满分20分)
A
(2026·深圳模拟)
The sharp fin(鳍).The rows upon rows of sharp teeth.The large black eyes.The sharks you see on television in Jaws or Discovery’s “Shark Week” are not the friendliest looking creatures.They aren’t exactly an animal you want to find near you while swimming in the ocean.Despite their portrayals(刻画) in movies and popular culture, sharks are complicated, misunderstood creatures that are weaker than they appear.
One very common misunderstanding about sharks is their desire to hunt humans.Actually when sharks attack humans, it is because they mistake a human for their normal prey(猎物), seals or dolphins.They don’t seek out humans on purpose.Statistically, you are more likely to be struck by lightning than be bitten by a shark.
Sharks are very important to the ocean as they are at the top of the food chain.Some sharks even control the balance of an ecosystem through fear alone.Tiger sharks in Australia help protect seagrass meadows from turtles.Turtles eat the seagrass and, without the sharks, will destroy these meadows.When tiger sharks are present though, the turtles are scared away, holding back their appetite for seagrass and protecting its growth.
Though sharks have a reputation for being very scary to humans, the sad truth is that they should be scared of humans.The number of sharks in the ocean is steadily dropping.There are a few reasons for this.For one, they mature quite slowly, over several years, and produce relatively few young.For another, overfishing of sharks is happening because more and more people want their fins.About 100 million sharks are killed every year according to National Geographic.Shark fin is a way for people to show off their wealth.Shark fins are also believed to have medicinal benefits, though there is no evidence or proof that they actually do.
【语篇属性】
语篇类型 说明文 主题语境 人与自然
语篇 内容 本文主要介绍了鲨鱼在电影和流行文化中的形象与实际情况存在差异,阐述了鲨鱼在海洋生态系统中的重要性,以及当前鲨鱼数量因人类活动而减少的现状
语篇 结构 Para.1 Sharks are misunderstood and weaker than they appear.
Para.2 Sharks rarely attack humans;it’s usually a case of mistaken identity.
Para.3 Sharks play a crucial role in maintaining ocean ecosystems.
Para.4 Sharks’ decline is due to slow reproduction and overfishing.
1.What do most people think about sharks
A.They are ugly.　　　B.They are important.
C.They are violent. D.They are complicated.
【解题过程】
2.What does the author try to show by comparing shark bites to lightning strikes
A.Shark bites are deadly.
B.Shark bites are rare.
C.Shark bites are unpredictable.
D.Shark bites are painful.
【解题过程】
3.Why should sharks be scared of humans according to the author
A.Humans keep sharks to show off.
B.Humans catch sharks for medical research.
C.Humans kill sharks in large quantities.
D.Humans are greater in number than sharks.
【解题过程】
4.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.Ocean Life: Save Our Sharks!
B.Sharks: Kings of Protectors
C.Ocean Life: An Ecological Crisis!
D.Sharks: Killers or Misunderstood
【解题过程】
B
(2026·衡水中学模拟)
Hiking is tricky when you’re carrying a threatened species. Ally Whitbread carefully jumped over logs while carrying a cooler full of tiny, rare snails. “I feel like I’ve got like 500 babies to take care of—just a very crazy mother hen,” she said.
The Chittenango ovate amber snails inside are facing extinction. Only dozens are estimated to remain at one waterfall in Upstate New York. But Whitbread is part of a team transporting a lab-bred population to a new, remote home for a shot at survival. Such a recovery process can take years to decades, and success is obscure, but scientists are racing to better understand our planet’s biodiversity before species are wiped out.
The hike to a hidden waterfall is a chance to examine what makes them thrive in the wild, or what doesn’t.
“These efforts to study rare species can unlock their hidden benefits to humans,” said Professor Laura Dee. “Our idea that we might want to have a species down the line comes from the uncertainty of what the future is going to bring, and what role that species might play.”
Like the once-rare Madagascar rosy periwinkle—a compound from the plant is now used in leukemia treatments. “While not every species will cure cancer,” Dee said, “more studies are needed because we don’t fully know what will happen if we lose them.”
Even just observing species in their habitats can prove helpful. University of Utah biology professor Jack Longino is cataloging the planet’s ants. He said understanding how the insects communicate could help programmers with robotics. “To create things to make new technologies, we’re sort of imitating nature all the time,” Longino said.
The Chittenango ovate amber snail doesn’t have any known unique traits critical to humans, and it has been a lengthy journey just to attempt to save them. The half-hour hike to the new habitat is the latest step in a process that has lasted more than five years.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家穿越丛林,用冷藏箱悉心保护濒危物种奇特南戈卵形琥珀蜗牛。
5.Which can best replace the underlined word “obscure” in Paragraph 2
A.Undeniable.　　　 B.Unpredictable.
C.Inevitable. D.Incomparable.
6.According to Professor Laura Dee, why should we save the Chittenango ovate amber snails
A.Because they help programmers create robotics.
B.Because we have a great affection for this rare snail.
C.Because they can be adopted for the treatment of cancer and leukemia.
D.Because we are uncertain about the hidden benefits of them to humans.
7.What are Paragraph 5 and Paragraph 6 mainly about
A.The benefits of sustaining and studying rare species.
B.The helpfulness of observing how ants communicate.
C.The consequences of losing rare animals and plants in nature.
D.The healing effect of the compound from Madagascar rosy periwinkle.
8.Which is the best title for the text
A.Explore the rare species
B.Tiny snails, Great benefits
C.Small snails, Long journey
D.Save the extinct species
Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
(2025·蚌埠模拟)
World Wildlife Day will take place on Monday, March 3.One way to celebrate the wild animals that live all around us—and to educate others about their importance—is to make a nature documentary.　9　 Here’s how you can get started.
Pick a theme
First, decide what you would like your nature documentary to be about.Do you want to film wildlife that lives outside your home, or would you rather ask an adult to go with you to a nearby park or nature preserve 　10　 For example, think about the animals that live in your region and the species you are more likely to see during daylight hours.
　11　
Once you decide what to film, do some deeper research on your subject.Take notes that can help you look for interesting facts to film.For example, what are some of the animal’s feeding habits Research the physical differences you might spot between males and females of the same species, from size to color to behavior.
Film and edit
You don’t need advanced equipment to make a nature documentary.You can use a video camera or a phone with a camera.　12　 When you’re ready to film, stay a comfortable distance from wildlife so you don’t frighten away your subject.You can also film an introduction: Put your camera in selfie mode, introduce yourself, and let the audience know why you chose your subject.Finally, you can use a free app to edit your film and add titles.
Host a screening
　13　 You can have a screening at home or check with your local library about the availability of a meeting room.After the screening, have a question and answer session so audience can ask you about your documentary.Finally, thank everyone for coming!
A.Do your research
B.Explore wildlife spots
C.Do some research and choose local wildlife that interests you.
D.All you need to create this nonfiction film is a camera and a subject.
E.Also, pay attention to the weather forecast before you go out to film.
F.When you’re happy with your film, invite family and friends to watch it.
G.A three-legged stand will help keep your camera steady but isn’t necessary.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍庆祝世界野生动物日制作自然纪录片的方法,包括选主题、做研究、拍摄剪辑及举办放映会。
Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
(2026·泰安模拟)
　　With black hair and a square face, a monkey at Hefei Wildlife Park in Anhui Province has been viral on Chinese social media since early May.Despite 14.________(spend) 10 years at the zoo, the primate had received little attention 15.________ a visitor posted a video of him on the Internet, during the May Day holiday, according to the park.
In Chinese, the character “guo”, meaning “country”, is often used 16.________(describe) a square-shaped human face, making the capuchin’s distinctive look especially noteworthy online.Though Dazhuang is a primate, his 17.________(face) features resemble those of a person, earning him the nickname “guo-character-face monkey”.In 2024, the zoo introduced a female capuchin from Wuxi Wildlife Park in Jiangsu Province.She gave birth to a baby with Dazhuang in April 2025.18.________ female monkey has been named Xiaomei, or “little beauty”, and is often referred to as Dazhuang’s “wife”.Some online users have described Dazhuang as “ugly-cute”, though Zhang Chunxue, the animal breeder 19.________ cares for the capuchins, disagrees.“Among black-capped capuchins, the alpha male usually has a squarer face and a bigger build 20.________ the rest,” Zhang said.“By those standards, Dazhuang is actually very handsome.” She described Dazhuang as gentle and 21.________(slight) timid.“He climbs to a high perch and hides if approached by strangers,” she said.
In recent years, animal “Internet celebrities” 22.________(emerge) across China, capturing public attention for their unique appearance, behavior or relatable expressions.The general manager of Hefei Wildlife Park said the zoo is working to maintain the natural environment of Dazhuang and his companions while 23.________(minimize) the impact of increased visitor traffic.
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了合肥野生动物园的“国字脸猴子”大壮走红网络的原因、外貌特征、家庭情况,以及动物园对其的保护措施。
完形填空
(2025·南京模拟)
On a fall day, my wife and I went boating on the Blackfoot River.I was excited about the trip because it would allow me to forget my 　1　.
At noon, we rested on a bank.　2　 the scenery, we barely realized the approaching danger.Then three large 　3　 emerged from the forest: a huge mama bear with two babies.They were less than 100 feet away across the river, far closer than the recommended 　4　 distance.
I could feel 　5　 reached deep into my stomach.Time stood still.Then, I grabbed the bear spray(喷雾) and we walked downriver to 　6　 ourselves.“Hey, bear!” I said, “We are not here to 　7　 you!” At that moment, I thought the mama bear would 　8　 across the river, covering the 100 feet in seconds.Although I knew how to use the spray, I didn’t think I could use it 　9　.
To our surprise, the mama bear 　10　 drank water from the river.When one baby wandered just a few steps away, she quickly 　11　 him.Just like their 　12　 appearance, they were gone, disappearing into the forest.We returned to our boat, lost in 　13　.
This encounter 　14　 me, making my daily concerns seem insignificant in the larger context of our planet.The experience, the fear, and my 　15　 as a human have changed my perspective on the world forever.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与妻子偶遇熊家庭的惊险经历,以及这一经历给作者带来的深刻反思。
1.A.concerns　　　　　　　B.principles
C.passions D.secrets
2.A.Tired of B.Absorbed in
C.Looking into D.Reflecting on
3.A.signs B.pictures
C.targets D.shapes
4.A.social B.safe
C.average D.constant
5.A.fear B.surprise
C.thrill D.courage
6.A.relax B.corner
C.dismiss D.distance
7.A.bathe B.tease
C.bother D.pet
8.A.sail B.float
C.charge D.wander
9.A.in advance B.at random
C.at peace D.in time
10.A.probably B.simply
C.naturally D.certainly
11.A.rescued B.abandoned
C.fetched D.examined
12.A.timely B.inappropriate
C.unexpected D.regular
13.A.awe B.shock
C.regret D.calmness
14.A.astonished B.humbled
C.refreshed D.fueled
15.A.limitations B.responsibilities
C.advantages D.virtues核心素养测评
必修 第二册 Unit 5 Music
(35分钟　47.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分,满分20分)
A
(2026·泰安模拟)
A touching moment at an airport was captured in a video shared online.In the clip, a young girl in a wheelchair approached a pianist setting up to play.With a confident smile, she asked if he would like to perform together.
The pianist agreed without hesitation, asking which instrument she played.When she replied, “Cello,” excitement filled the air.Moments later, the pianist, the young cellist, and her teacher took their places on the platform, ready to create a beautiful musical collaboration.
The airport grew silent as the young girl, filled with excitement, began playing alongside the pianist.Travelers quickly gathered near the public piano, absorbed in the unexpected performance and recording the moment on their phones.
The cellist, 17-year-old Valentina, who is living with a rare muscle disease, poured her heart into the music, moving many in the crowd to tears.Even the pianist admitted he was in awe.“Music is my medicine,” Valentina shared a heartfelt message that struck a chord with everyone.The travelers witnessed the incredible power of her music.By the end, her teacher’s proud smile reflected the inspiring spirit of this extraordinary musician.
Some viewers described the performance as a shining example of humanity at its best.Many praised music’s ability to unite and heal(治愈), while the teacher’s role in making it happen earned widespread admiration.The heartfelt video touched viewers deeply, highlighting the profound impact of music and human resilience.
One commenter praised the young cellist’s talent and determination, which shone through in the emotional performance, highlighting how music can overcome physical challenges and touch people worldwide.Others reflected on music’s profound impact, explaining its ability to influence brain function and well-being in humans and other living beings.One story shared described a deer attracted by a musician’s performance, emphasizing music’s universal appeal.
【语篇属性】
语篇类型 说明文 主题语境 人与社会
语篇 内容 患罕见肌肉病的17岁轮椅女孩瓦伦蒂娜与钢琴家合奏,感动众人,展现了音乐的治愈力与人性的光辉
语篇 结构 Para.1 A girl in a wheelchair asked a pianist to perform together.
Para.2 The pianist agreed to collaborate with the young cellist.
Para.3 Airport audience gathered, captivated by the performance.
Para.4 Valentina’s music moved the crowd;the teacher was proud.
Para.5 Viewers praised music’s unity and healing power.
Para.6 Commenters highlighted music’s universal impact.
1.What did the video show
A.The airport was noisy with a lot of people around.
B.The teacher was excited to see the famous pianist.
C.The pianist was willing to cooperate with the girl.
D.The disabled girl was embarrassed to perform in public.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:the video show
定信息 在原文中定位关键词,确定答题关键句:第一段中“in a video”及第二段中“Moments later, the pianist, the young cellist, and her teacher took their places on the platform, ready to create a beautiful musical collaboration.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A The airport was noisy with a lot of people around. 曲解文意 考查学生对视频中女孩和钢琴家互动的具体情节的理解
B The teacher was excited to see the famous pianist. 无中生有
C The pianist was willing to cooperate with the girl. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果
D The disabled girl was embarrassed to perform in public. 曲解文意
分析:选C。根据第一、二段内容可知,这段视频展示了钢琴家与女孩之间的互动,他愿意与女孩合作
2.How did the travelers respond to the musical cooperation
A.They were fascinated and shot the scene.
B.They complained and asked for silence.
C.They expressed admiration for Valentina’s talent.
D.They praised the teacher’s role in making it happen.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:the travelers; respond
定信息 在原文中定位关键词,确定答题关键句:第三段“Travelers quickly gathered near the public piano, absorbed in the unexpected performance and recording the moment on their phones.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A They were fascinated and shot the scene. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果 考查学生对文中描述的旅客被音乐表演吸引并用手机记录下来的细节的理解
B They complained and asked for silence. 曲解文意
C They expressed admiration for Valentina’s talent. 曲解文意
D They praised the teacher’s role in making it happen. 曲解文意
分析:选A。根据第三段内容可知,旅客们被这场音乐表演的合作深深吸引,并拍下了这一场景
3.What do we know about Valentina from the article
A.She used music to treat her illness.
B.She was empowered spiritually by music.
C.She preferred music over medical treatment.
D.She suffered from a common muscle disorder.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:know about Valentina
定信息 在原文中定位关键词,确定答题关键句:第四段“‘Music is my medicine,’ Valentina shared a heartfelt message that struck a chord with everyone.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A She used music to treat her illness. 无中生有 考查学生对第四段中提到的Valentina的背景和她对音乐的看法的理解
B She was empowered spiritually by music. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果
C She preferred music over medical treatment. 无中生有
D She suffered from a common muscle disorder. 偷换概念
分析:选B。根据第四段可知瓦伦蒂娜认为音乐是她的良药,她通过音乐获得了精神上的力量
4.Which of the following do commenters agree with
A.Music can cure people’s physical pain.
B.Cooperation is a must in performances.
C.Music has a force of healing and appeal.
D.Teachers are crucial in training talents.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:commenters agree with
定信息 在原文中定位关键词,确定答题关键句:最后一段“One commenter praised the young cellist’s talent and determination, which shone through in the emotional performance, highlighting how music can overcome physical challenges and touch people worldwide.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A Music can cure people’s physical pain. 曲解文意 考查对第六段中提到的评论者对音乐的看法的理解
B Cooperation is a must in performances. 曲解文意
C Music has a force of healing and appeal. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果
D Teachers are crucial in training talents. 无中生有
分析:选C。根据最后一段可知,评论者们认为音乐具有治愈和吸引人的力量
B
Helms Ategeka wants to be a pop star. But when he told his dad he planned to go after a music degree after his graduation next month from high school, his father wasn’t exactly excited.
So last fall, the Oakland, California, teenager took a different approach. He started applying to colleges. More than 150 of them. Before long, he got an acceptance letter. Then another. And another. The trickle(细流) became a flood until there were 122 of them—along with some $5.3 million in scholarship offers.
His father says he’s proud of Helms’ 3.94 GPA and had hoped his son would pick a career with financial stability, like medicine or computer technology. But as he watched the mountain of acceptance letters in his son’s room get bigger with every mail delivery, Chris Ategeka’s hope disappeared.
“He’s so confident that music is what he wants to do. It would be wrong for me to try to guide him otherwise...That’s why he applied to many colleges to prove a point,” Chris says. “I told him, ‘You want to be a musician It takes a lot of hard work.’ And his reaction was, ‘I’ll use my determination to do this to show you how hard I can work.’”
But how does an 18-year-old begin narrowing down such a massive list of options “I live for music. I spend most of my time either listening to music, making music or out there performing,” Helms says. “I feel the most alive and fulfilled when I’m doing something related to music.”
So when he started his college application journey, he had one key requirement: the school needed to have a strong music program.
Helms spent the past few months studying the websites and social media accounts of schools that accepted him. He’s watched videos of their music programs on the Internet to get a sense of where he fits in. After months of research, Helms made his choice: he will stay nearby and study music at UC Berkeley. A spokesperson for Berkeley confirmed that he’s been accepted.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述 Helms Ategeka 为追求音乐学位申请 150 多所大学,用 122 封录取信说服父亲的故事。
5.What degree does Helms Ategeka plan to pursue after graduating from high school
A.Medicine.　　　　　　B.Computer Science.
C.Music. D.Literature.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But when he told his dad he planned to go after a music degree after his graduation next month from high school, his father wasn’t exactly excited.”可知,Helms 打算攻读音乐学位。故选 C。
6.What did Chris focus on when choosing a career for his son
A.Secure jobs. B.Social need.
C.Personal interest. D.Family traditions.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“His father says he’s proud of Helms’ 3.94 GPA and had hoped his son would pick a career with financial stability, like medicine or computer technology.”可知,Chris 为儿子选职业时关注“稳定的工作”。故选 A。
7.What kind of person is Helms
A.Shy and quiet.
B.Generous and kind.
C.Ambitious and strict.
D.Confident and determined.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第四段中的“He’s so confident that music is what he wants to do.”和“I’ll use my determination to do this to show you how hard I can work.”以及尾段的内容可知,Helms 自信且坚定。故选 D。
8.What is Helms expected to do at last
A.Choose a college far from home.
B.Obtain the highest scholarship.
C.Enter his ideal university.
D.Follow his father’s advice.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“After months of research, Helms made his choice: he will stay nearby and study music at UC Berkeley. A spokesperson for Berkeley confirmed that he’s been accepted.”可知,Helms 最终进入了理想的大学。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
(2026·青岛模拟)
Music is an important part of many people’s lives.It can be an enjoyable way to relax or to express emotions.　9　 Understanding how music stress works and what can bring it on can help individuals better manage it.
Music stress is a term used to describe a feeling of tension or unease that can arise from listening to or playing music.This can appear in different ways, ranging from physical reactions to mental disturbances.Music stress can be caused by many factors.　10　
For instance, certain types of music can call forth an emotional response, such as nostalgia(怀旧) or sadness.　11　 Likewise, certain kinds of noise-like music, which makes disharmonious sounds, can cause people to become overwhelmed(使不知所措).While this can be helpful for some special purposes, in some cases it can be difficult to handle and even add to stress.
In addition to being caused by musical elements, music stress can also result from the psychological context where the music is heard or played.Take those who feel overwhelmed as an example.　12　 Similarly, if someone takes listening to music as a way to escape current problems, the music can create a feeling of disappointment due to its failing to provide the desired effect.
　13　 Thus, the best way to prevent it is to ensure that the music being listened to or played is appropriate for one’s current mood and state of mind.Alternatively, if one is already feeling stressed, it may be better to focus on relaxation exercises or to take a break from music entirely.
A.This can lead to increased stress levels.
B.However, it may also lead to high stress levels.
C.Music stress is caused by a specific type of music.
D.And it can produce very specific types of reactions.
E.Music may give them the feeling that they are not in control.
F.Generally, music stress is determined by one’s mental state at the time.
G.In some ways, music stress is similar to more general experiences of stress.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是音乐压力、音乐压力产生的原因以及人们应该如何应对音乐压力。
9.【解析】选B。根据上下文可知,上文先肯定音乐的积极作用,下文提到需理解音乐压力,故空处应用转折引出音乐的负面影响,选项B “然而,它也可能导致压力过大”与上文构成转折关系,同时引出下文。故选B。
10.【解析】选D。本段解释了音乐压力的定义和表现,选项D “它可以产生非常特殊类型的反应”承接上文,对上文音乐压力的表现进行进一步解释。故选D。
11.【解析】选A。上文“For instance, certain types of music can call forth an emotional response, such as nostalgia or sadness.”说明音乐可以唤起怀旧或悲伤的情绪反应,选项A“这可能导致压力的增加”承接上文,这些音乐唤起的情绪反应会导致的结果,可能涉及压力的增加,故选A。
12.【解析】选E。上文“In addition to being caused by musical elements, music stress can also result from the psychological context where the music is heard or played.Take those who feel overwhelmed as an example.”说明音乐压力也可能来自聆听或演奏音乐时的心理背景。随后以感到不知所措的人为例,选项E “音乐可能会给他们一种他们无法控制的感觉”承接上文,是对上文的进一步解释,感到不知所措的人听音乐时可能会有怎样的感受。故选E。
13.【解析】选F。末段总结了防止音乐压力的方法,强调“当前心情和心理状态”,选项F “一般来说,音乐的压力是由一个人当时的心理状态决定的”引出下文,与下文构成因果关系,点明核心原因,引出对策。故选F。
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
(2025·南京模拟)
Eminem, whose real name is Marshall Bruce, is one of the most influential figures in America.He 　14　 his reputation in the late 1990s with his first album “The Slim Shady LP”.Eminem’s songs are often 　15　 by their fast-paced music style.
He had a poor childhood.His parents 　16　 when he was only six months old.Living with his mother, Eminem struggled with financial difficulties as a child, which was a constant source of 　17　 and uncertainty.They moved 　18　 between Kansas City and Detroit, where Eminem attended 20 different schools.Eminem grew up in poverty, 　19　 welfare and free school lunch programs.He was bullied in school, which added to his feelings of anger.
Eminem lived in the “black neighborhood” of Detroit, where he 　20　 conflict,illegal substance trade, and other 　21　 activities.He described seeing unlawful incidents in the street, which left a lasting impact on him.Despite the 　22　 environment, Detroit also provided the material for his musical 　23　.He participated in freestyle battles(即兴说唱对决) and rap scenes, which helped him develop his skills and gain 　24　.
Eminem’s growth was 　25　 by poverty, family instability, and 　26　 to violence, all of which he 　27　 into his music.His ability to transform his personal 　28　 into art has made him one of the most successful rappers in the world.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了说唱歌手Eminem的成长经历、个人背景以及他如何将个人经历转化为音乐创作灵感,最终成为世界级成功说唱歌手的故事。
14.A.deserved　　　　　　　B.established
C.maintained D.improved
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:他在20世纪90年代末凭借首张专辑《The Slim Shady LP》确立了自己的声誉。deserved值得;established建立,确立;maintained保持;improved改善。根据下文“his reputation in the late 1990s with his first album ‘The Slim Shady LP’”可知,此处指Eminem凭借首张专辑“确立”了自己的声誉。故选B。
15.A.characterized B.controlled
C.affected D.interpreted
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:Eminem的歌曲通常以其快节奏的音乐风格为特征。characterized以……为特征;controlled控制;affected影响;interpreted解释。根据下文“by their fast-paced music style”可知,此处指Eminem的歌曲“以其快节奏的音乐风格为特征”。故选A。
16.A.died B.separated
C.disappeared D.quarreled
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:他的父母在他仅六个月大时就分开了。died死亡;separated分开;disappeared消失;quarreled争吵。根据下文“Living with his mother”可知,Eminem的母亲独自抚养他,由此可推断,此处指他的父母在他仅六个月大时就“分开”了。故选B。
17.A.stress B.thrill
C.regret D.guilt
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:与母亲同住的Eminem在童年时期饱受经济困难的困扰,这是他不断承受压力和不确定感的来源。stress压力;thrill兴奋;regret后悔;guilt内疚。根据上文“financial difficulties”可知,此处指经济困难给他带来“压力”。故选A。
18.A.slowly B.frequently
C.smoothly D.regularly
【解析】选B。考查副词词义辨析。句意:他们频繁地在堪萨斯城和底特律之间搬家,Eminem在那里上了20所不同的学校。slowly缓慢地;frequently频繁地;smoothly顺利地;regularly定期地。根据下文“between Kansas City and Detroit, where Eminem attended 20 different schools”可知,Eminem上了20所不同的学校,由此可推断,此处指他们“频繁地”搬家。故选B。
19.A.taking on B.working on
C.acting on D.relying on
【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意:Eminem在贫困中长大,依靠福利救济和免费的学校午餐计划生活。taking on承担;working on致力于;acting on对……起作用;relying on依靠。根据下文“welfare and free school lunch programs”可知,此处指Eminem“依靠”福利救济和免费的学校午餐计划生活。故选D。
20.A.reported B.undertook
C.witnessed D.prevented
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:Eminem住在底特律的“黑人社区”,在那里他目睹了冲突、非法物品交易和其他犯罪活动。reported报道;undertook承担;witnessed目睹;prevented阻止。根据下文“He described seeing unlawful incidents in the street”可知,Eminem“目睹”了冲突、非法物品交易和其他犯罪活动。故选C。
21.A.criminal B.daily
C.outdoor D.musical
【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。criminal犯罪的;daily日常的;outdoor户外的;musical音乐的。根据上文“conflict,illegal substance trade”可知,冲突、非法物品交易属于“犯罪”活动。故选A。
22.A.unfamiliar B.awesome
C.stable D.tough
【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:尽管环境艰难,底特律也为他的音乐事业提供了素材。unfamiliar不熟悉的;awesome极好的;stable稳定的;tough艰难的。根据上文“conflict,illegal substance trade, and other ______activities”可知,Eminem成长的环境“艰难”。故选D。
23.A.class B.tradition
C.career D.value
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。class班级;tradition传统;career事业;value价值。根据下文“He participated in freestyle battles and rap scenes”可知,Eminem参与了即兴说唱对决与说唱圈,由此可推断,此处指底特律为他的音乐“事业”提供了素材。故选C。
24.A.entry B.trust
C.independence D.recognition
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:他参与了即兴说唱对决与说唱圈,这有助于他提升技能并获得认可。entry进入;trust信任;independence独立;recognition认可。根据上文“He participated in freestyle battles and rap scenes”可知,Eminem通过参与即兴说唱对决与说唱圈提升技能,由此可推断,此处指他获得了“认可”。故选D。
25.A.suspended B.measured
C.marked D.limited
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:Eminem的成长以贫困、家庭不稳定和接触暴力为标志,所有这些都被他融入到了他的音乐中。suspended暂停;measured测量;marked以……为标志;limited限制。根据下文“by poverty, family instability, and ______to violence”可知,此处指Eminem的成长“以贫困、家庭不稳定和接触暴力为标志”。故选C。
26.A.adaptation B.exposure
C.commitment D.solution
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。adaptation适应;exposure接触;commitment承诺;solution解决方案。根据上文“he ______conflict,illegal substance trade, and other ______activities”可知,Eminem目睹了冲突、非法物品交易和其他犯罪活动,由此可推断,此处指他“接触”到了暴力。故选B。
27.A.forced B.turned
C.channeled D.sliced
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。forced强迫;turned转动;channeled引导,将……导入;sliced切片。根据下文“into his music”可知,此处指Eminem“将贫困、家庭不稳定和接触暴力等经历融入到了”他的音乐中。channel sth.into sth.为固定短语,意为“将……导入”,符合语境。故选C。
28.A.achievements B.struggles
C.feelings D.interests
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:他将自己个人的奋斗转化为艺术的能力使他成为了世界上最成功的说唱歌手之一。achievements成就;struggles奋斗;feelings感觉;interests兴趣。根据上文“He had a poor childhood.”以及“by poverty, family instability, and ______to violence”可知,Eminem成长经历艰难,由此可推断,此处指他将自己个人的“奋斗”转化为艺术。故选B。
语法填空
(2025·泰州模拟)
Tyrus Wong arrived in San Francisco from China in 1920 as 1.________ 9-year-old who loved calligraphy.By the late 1930s, he was working for Disney, on his way to 2.________(become) one of America’s greatest immigrant success stories.In his long and varied career, Wong developed a pioneering style, achieving brilliance in 3.________(profession) such as painting, illustration, and even kite making.4.________ the cornerstone of his legendary status remains his design work for the 1942 film Bambi.Inspired by the simplicities of Song dynasty landscapes, Wong’s influence on Bambi revealed, perhaps for the first time, 5.________ an animated feature film could rise to high art.
Karen Fang, author of Background Artist: The Life and Work of Tyrus Wong, had been planning the book ever since Wong died in 2016, at the age of 106.
6.________ Fang describes vividly in the book, Wong “had this famous fine arts career before he went into commercial art”. Wong seemed 7.________(draw) little distinction between the two, at least in terms of the artistry he brought 8.________ every project.Certainly he poured himself into his distinctive Christmas cards, which combined Western traditions with Eastern aesthetic minimalism.These cards, even more than Bambi, brought him true 9.________(nation) fame for the first time.
Wong’s genius 10.________(integrate) the simplicity of Chinese brushstrokes with the rhythm of California modernity.He channeled his optimism and talent to become, quietly, one of the greatest unsung American artists of the 20th century.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了旅美华人艺术家黄齐耀(Tyrus Wong)的职业生涯,包括他在迪士尼的工作、对电影《小鹿斑比》的设计贡献、多元艺术领域的成就及其融合中西方艺术风格的独特才华。
1.【解析】a。考查冠词。句意:1920年,黄齐耀从中国抵达旧金山,当时他是一个热爱书法的9岁男孩。结合句意,此处表示“一个9岁男孩”,为泛指意义,“9”的首字母发音为辅音音素,所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
2.【解析】becoming。考查非谓语动词。句意:到20世纪30年代末,他已在迪士尼工作,踏上了成为美国最伟大移民成功故事主角之一的道路。固定搭配“on one’s way to...”中to为介词,后接动名词作宾语。故填becoming。
3.【解析】professions。考查名词复数。句意:在漫长而多样的职业生涯中,黄齐耀开创了先锋风格,在绘画、插画甚至风筝制作等职业领域取得了卓越成就。根据“such as painting, illustration, and even kite making”可知,此处指多个职业领域,profession为可数名词,用复数形式。故填professions。
4.【解析】Yet/But。考查连词。句意:然而,他传奇地位的基石仍是1942年电影《小鹿斑比》的设计工作。前句强调其职业多样性,后句突出《小鹿斑比》的关键地位,前后为转折关系,用连词yet或but均可,且位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Yet/But。
5.【解析】that。考查宾语从句。句意:受宋代山水简约风格的启发,黄齐耀对《小鹿斑比》的影响或许首次揭示了一部动画长片可以升华为高雅艺术。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句,从句结构完整,句意明确,用连接词that引导。故填that。
6.【解析】As。考查定语从句。句意:正如凯伦·方在书中生动描述的那样,黄齐耀“在进入商业艺术领域之前,已有一段著名的纯艺术生涯”。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词为后面整个句子,在从句中作宾语,且表“正如”,用关系代词as引导,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填As。
7.【解析】to have drawn。考查非谓语动词。句意:至少在他为每个项目带来的艺术性方面,黄齐耀似乎没有对两者做出什么区分。此处为“seem to do sth.”结构,根据语境,“区分”动作发生在“似乎”之前,所以此处使用不定式的完成式to have drawn。故填to have drawn。
8.【解析】to。考查介词。此处为固定搭配“bring...to...”意为“将……带到……”符合句意,所以此处使用介词to。故填to。
9.【解析】national。考查形容词。句意:这些贺片甚至比《小鹿斑比》更让他首次获得真正的全国性声誉。修饰名词fame用形容词,nation的形容词形式为national意为“全国的”。故填national。
10.【解析】integrated。考查动词时态。句意:黄齐耀的天才在于将中国笔触的简约与加州现代性的节奏相融合。此处为谓语动词,根据句意以及下文的谓语动词channeled可知,此处描述过去的事实,用一般过去时,integrate的过去式为integrated。故填integrated。核心素养测评
必修 第二册 Unit 1 Cultural Heritage
(35分钟　50分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分,满分20分)
A
(2026·邵阳模拟)
In today’s interconnected world, cross-cultural communication has emerged as a vital skill for fostering international cooperation and social harmony.Britain, with its centuries-old history of absorbing diverse influences and its current multicultural landscape, serves as an ideal example of how tradition and modernity can coexist to bridge cultural gaps.
The roots of British cultural adaptability trace back to ancient times.When the Romans invaded Britain in 55 BC, they not only established management systems but also constructed public facilities such as roads and Hadrian’s Wall—a massive defensive structure marking the northern border of their empire.These innovations not only managed conflicts with Celtic tribes(部落) but also laid the foundation for future cultural exchanges.Today, this legacy of blending old and new remains evident.For instance, the British Parliament maintains strict dress codes requiring formal suits and robes(长袍) during sessions, symbolizing respect for tradition.Meanwhile, modern Britain has embraced literary festivals and experimental theater productions, reflecting its dynamic engagement with contemporary artistic expression.
However, navigating cultural differences remains challenging.In international business settings, British professionals often prioritize building trust through indirect communication and tea-break small talk, while their American counterparts favor straightforward discussions to get straight to the point.Research by the London Business School(2022) reveals that 68% of cross-Atlantic negotiations face delays due to these contrasting styles.Americans may interpret British politeness as indecision, whereas Britons perceive American directness as impersonal and overly focused only on business deals.
Language differences further test cultural sensitivity.A simple phrase like “I’ll consider it” in British English often means a polite refusal, whereas Americans might take it literally as openness to further discussion.Even gestures differ: maintaining eye contact is seen as confident in the U.S.but may be viewed as aggressive in some British contexts.
To address these challenges, educational institutions play a key role.Universities like Oxford and Cambridge now offer courses such as “Global Communication Strategies”, where students role-play negotiation scenes and analyze case studies of multinational corporations.Such training emphasizes empathy, active listening, and adapting communication styles to diverse audiences.As globalization continues to erase borders, mastering these skills becomes not just beneficial but essential for building a more inclusive world.
【语篇属性】
语篇类型 议论文 主题语境 人与社会
语篇内容 本文以英国为例,探讨了跨文化沟通的历史根基与现代挑战,并强调通过教育培养文化敏感性的重要性
语篇 结构 Para.1 Cross-cultural communication is vital for global harmony.
Para.2 British cultural adaptability is rooted in ancient history.
Para.3 Navigating cultural differences is challenging in international business.
Para.4 Language and gestures highlight cultural sensitivity.
Para.5 Education is the key to addressing cross-cultural challenges.
1.What can be known about the purpose of the Romans building Hadrian’s Wall
A.To establish trade routes with Celtic tribes.
B.To mark the southern border of the Roman Empire.
C.To showcase advanced architectural skills.
D.To manage conflicts and control territory.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:purpose;Hadrian’s Wall
定信息 在原文中定位关键词,确定答题关键句:第二段“...but also constructed public facilities such as roads and Hadrian’s Wall—a massive defensive structure marking the northern border of their empire.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A To establish trade routes with Celtic tribes. 曲解文意 考查对第二段中提到的罗马人建造哈德良长城目的的理解
B To mark the southern border of the Roman Empire. 无中生有
C To showcase advanced architectural skills. 无中生有
D To manage conflicts and control territory. 根据锁定的答 题关键句信息 可得出结果　
分析:选D。第二段提到,罗马人在公元前55年入侵英国时,不仅建立了管理系统,还建造了公共设施,如道路和哈德良长城。这些设施不仅缓和了与凯尔特部落的冲突,还为未来的文化交流奠定了基础。因此,选项D“应对冲突和控制领土”准确概括了建造哈德良长城的目的
2.What can be inferred about British and American negotiation styles from Paragraph 3
A.Their differences may lead to misunderstandings.
B.They both value long-term relationships equally.
C.Americans prefer indirect communication.
D.British negotiators focus on short-term gains.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:inferred;negotiation styles
定信息 在原文中定位关键词,确定答题关键句:第三段“Research by the London Business School(2022) reveals that 68% of cross-Atlantic negotiations face delays due to these contrasting styles.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A Their differences may lead to misunderstandings. 根据锁定的答题关键句信息可得出结果 考查的是对第三段中提到的英国和美国谈判风格差异的理解
B They both value long-term relationships equally. 曲解文意
C Americans prefer indirect communication. 曲解文意
D British negotiators focus on short-term gains. 曲解文意
分析:选A。第三段提到,英国专业人士在国际商务场合中通常通过间接沟通和茶歇闲聊来建立信任,而他们的美国同行则倾向于直接讨论,直奔主题。研究表明,这些不同的风格导致68%的跨大西洋谈判出现延误。因此,选项A“他们的差异可能导致误解”准确概括了这一内容
3.What does the word “impersonal” mean in the context of American negotiators
A.Friendly and emotional.
B.Aggressive and rude.
C.Emotionally distant and formal.
D.Humorous and casual.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:impersonal;mean
定信息 在原文中定位关键词,确定答题关键句:第三段“Americans may interpret British politeness as indecision, whereas Britons perceive American directness as impersonal and overly focused only on business deals.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A Friendly and emotional. 无中生有 考查根据上下文推断单词含义的能力
B Aggressive and rude. 曲解文意
C Emotionally distant and formal. 根据锁定的答题关键句信息可得出结果
D Humorous and casual. 无中生有
分析:选C。第三段提到,英国人认为美国人的直接性是冷漠的,只关注商业交易。因此,选项C “情感上疏远且正式”准确解释了“impersonal”在文中的含义
4.What might the author discuss next regarding cross-cultural communication training
A.The history of Roman education systems.
B.Specific methods used in university courses.
C.How technology replaces traditional teaching.
D.Economic costs of cultural misunderstandings.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:discuss next;cross-cultural communication training
定信息 在原文中定位关键词,确定答题关键句:最后一段“To address these challenges, educational institutions play a key role.Universities like Oxford and Cambridge now offer courses such as ‘Global Communication Strategies’, where students role-play negotiation scenes and analyze case studies of multinational corporations.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A The history of Roman education systems. 曲解文意 考查对最后一段内容的理解和对文章逻辑的推理
B Specific methods used in university courses. 根据锁定的答题关键句信息可得出结果
C How technology replaces traditional teaching. 无中生有
D Economic costs of cultural misunderstandings. 偷换概念
分析:选B。最后一段提到,牛津和剑桥等大学现在提供“全球沟通策略”课程,学生通过角色扮演和分析跨国公司的案例来学习。这些培训强调同理心、积极倾听和适应不同受众的沟通风格。因此,选项B “大学课程中使用的具体方法”是作者可能继续讨论的内容
B
(2025·合肥模拟)
Among world languages, English places perhaps the highest value on the expressions of thanks, especially in formal and business settings.So it’s logical that English speakers tend to conflate the expression of thankfulness with the feeling of thankfulness.If somebody didn’t say “thanks”, we often think, they must not have been very grateful.And yet, in English, “thank you” gets used so frequently that it can easily start to feel habitual.
But do we say it as much as we think in our casual interactions with family and friends A new research paper titled Universals and Cultural Diversity in the Expression of Thankfulness suggests that no, we do not.
The research team behind the paper looked for expressions of thankfulness in daily informal interactions across eight languages: English, Italian, Polish, Russian, Lao, Cha’palaa, Murrinhpatha, and Siwu.The findings suggest the universal way in which thankfulness is expressed is not through giving thanks, but rather through participation in a social agreement in which mutual(相互的) assistance and working together are the norm.In fact, the practice of giving thanks seems to have little impact on the practice of mutual exchange.
The practice of giving thanks also varies culturally. In India, for example, people—especially when they are your elders, relatives, or close friends—tend to feel that by thanking them, you’re weakening your closeness with them and creating formality and distance that shouldn’t exist! In contrast, in England, expressing thankfulness through words is seen as a positive strengthening of relationships, promoting goodwill and connection.
Nick Enfield, lead researcher of the study, suggests that most of the 6,000 to 7,000 world languages don’t have a word for “thank you”. “When we consider the negative effects of thanking close relations alongside the fact that many languages are spoken in very small communities where speakers are likely to know each other, that claim starts to feel quite reasonable.”
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。研究发现不同文化表达感激的方式有差异,很多语言甚至无“谢谢”一词,且普遍表达靠互助合作。
5.What does the underlined word “conflate” in Paragraph 1 mean
A.Compare.　　　　　　B.Replace.
C.Figure out. D.Mix up.
【解析】选D。词句猜测题。根据第一段“So it’s logical that English speakers tend to conflate the expression of thankfulness with the feeling of thankfulness.If somebody didn’t say ‘thanks’, we often think, they must not have been very grateful.”可知,说英语的人常把说“谢谢”这种表达感激的方式和内心真正的感激之情弄混了。conflate意思是“混淆,混为一谈”,与Mix up(混淆)意思相符。故选D。
6.How do people express thankfulness universally according to the study
A.By saying thanks directly.
B.By making social agreements.
C.By using body language.
D.By helping and cooperating.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段“The findings suggest the universal way in which thankfulness is expressed is not through giving thanks, but rather through participation in a social agreement in which mutual assistance and working together are the norm.”可知,普遍表达感激的方式是通过相互帮助和合作。故选D。
7.How do Indians view the practice of giving thanks to relatives
A.It weakens their bond.
B.It reduces their social distance.
C.It enhances their connection.
D.It promotes their mutual trust.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段“In India, for example, people—especially when they are your elders, relatives, or close friends—tend to feel that by thanking them, you’re weakening your closeness with them and creating formality and distance that shouldn’t exist!”可知,印度人认为向亲戚表达感谢会削弱他们之间的联系。故选A。
8.What does Nick Enfield imply in the last paragraph
A.Many cultures do not emphasize thankfulness.
B.Thankfulness might not be expressed in words.
C.Small communities prefer to thank close friends.
D.The negative effects of thanking should be avoided.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,尼克·恩菲尔德暗示,很多语言中没有“谢谢”这个词,结合前文提到不同文化中表达感谢的方式不同,可推断出感激之情可能不是通过语言来表达的。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
(2026·泰安模拟)
In July of 1899, The Early Work of Aubrey Beardsley, was added to the booklist of the Worcester Public Library.The book, a compilation(合集) of illustrations by a British artist and poet, was 　9　 in the collection until 1973, when it was 　10　 and never seen.
Just recently, the book was found by a Boston resident who wanted to keep it from being 　11　.It was brought to the Cambridge Public Library, but the library soon realized the book was not their 　12　.The manager, Kathy Penny, 　13　 the book to the Worcester Public Library with a handwritten note that read, “Returning to its 　14　 home, 51 years later.”
Alex London was the first to 　15　 the book in the Worcester Public Library and was 　16　 at its return.“It’s 　17　 that someone found this,” London said.“But not only that they found it, but that it is in such good 　18　.” In his 15 years in the 　19　, he said he had seen books returned late or not at all, but never returned after 51 years.
“With something over 100 years old, how many people 　20　 it How many people worked with it, and how many people read it ” London said.“That’s something that’s really fun to think about, the 　21　 of materials that we’re able to have.”
On November 1, the Worcester Public Library made a post 　22　 the book’s long-awaited return.“Thanks to Cambridge Public Library and the Boston resident who found this book and 　23　 it was returned after 51 years,” the post said.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了1899年加入伍斯特公共图书馆书单的《奥布里·比尔兹利的早期作品》在1973年借出后失踪,51年后被波士顿居民发现并归还的故事。
9.A.banned B.hidden
C.placed D.kept
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。 句意:这本书是一位英国艺术家和诗人的插图汇编,一直保存到1973年,当时它被借出,从此再也没人见过。banned禁止;hidden隐藏;placed放置;kept保存。根据后文“in the collection until 1973, when it was ______and never seen.”可知,这本书在馆藏中一直保存到1973年。故选D。
10.A.checked out B.stored up
C.handed in D.thrown away
【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。 checked out借出;stored up储存;handed in上交;thrown away扔掉。根据后文“and never seen”可知,这本书被借出后就再也没人见过。故选A。
11.A.protected B.robbed
C.destroyed D.returned
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。 句意:最近,这本书被一位波士顿居民发现,他想避免这本书被毁坏。protected保护;robbed抢劫;destroyed毁坏;returned返回。根据前文“the book was found by a Boston resident who wanted to keep it from being”及后文“It was brought to the Cambridge Public Library”可知,波士顿居民发现了这本书,想避免它被毁坏。故选C。
12.A.category B.series
C.copyright D.collection
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。 句意:这本书被带到了剑桥公共图书馆,但图书馆很快意识到这本书不是他们的馆藏。category类别;series系列;copyright版权;collection馆藏。根据前文可知,这本书原本是伍斯特公共图书馆的馆藏,所以剑桥公共图书馆意识到这不是他们的馆藏。故选D。
13.A.sent B.donated
C.sold D.handed
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。 句意:经理凯西·彭尼把这本书和一张手写的纸条一起送回了伍斯特公共图书馆。sent送;donated捐赠;sold出售;handed递交。根据后文“the book to the Worcester Public Library”可知,经理把这本书送回了伍斯特公共图书馆。故选A。
14.A.new B.modern
C.private D.original
【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。 句意:51年后,回到它最初的家。new新的;modern现代的;private私人的;original最初的。根据前文“The Early Work of Aubrey Beardsley, was added to the booklist of the Worcester Public Library.”可知,这本书在51年后回到了它最初的家。故选D。
15.A.display B.read
C.receive D.discover
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。 句意:亚历克斯·伦敦是伍斯特公共图书馆第一个收到这本书的人,他对书的回归感到惊讶。display展示;read阅读;receive收到;discover发现。根据前文“______ the book to the Worcester Public Library”及后文“the book in the Worcester Public Library”可知,伦敦是伍斯特公共图书馆第一个收到这本书的人。故选C。
16.A.amazed B.puzzled
C.delighted D.embarrassed
【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。 amazed惊讶的;puzzled困惑的;delighted高兴的;embarrassed尴尬的。根据后文“he said he had seen books returned late or not at all, but never returned after 51 years.”可知,伦敦对书的回归感到惊讶。故选A。
17.A.normal B.rare
C.common D.regular
【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。 句意:“有人发现了这本书,这太罕见了,”伦敦说。normal正常的;rare罕见的;common常见的;regular定期的。根据前文“51 years later”及后文“someone found this”可知,书失踪这么久被找到,是很罕见的事。故选B。
18.A.content B.condition
C.situation D.order
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。 句意:不仅有人发现了它,而且被保存得如此完好。content内容;condition状况,条件;situation情况;order命令,顺序。根据前文“But not only that they found it, but that it is in such good”可知,这本书保存得如此完好,in good condition“状况良好”。故选B。
19.A.city B.atmosphere
C.industry D.environment
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。 句意:在他从事这个行业的15年里,他说他见过书归还得很晚,或者根本没有归还,但从未见过 51 年后归还的。city城市;atmosphere气氛;industry行业;environment环境。根据前文“In his 15 years”以及后文“he said he had seen books returned late or not at all, but never returned after 51 years.”可知,这里指在伦敦15年的图书馆行业的工作中。故选C。
20.A.abandoned B.touched
C.introduced D.edited
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。 句意:“一本100多年前的书,有多少人接触过它 有多少人整理过它,又有多少人读过它 ”伦敦说。abandoned抛弃;touched接触;introduced介绍;edited编辑。根据前文“With something over 100 years old”可知,伦敦在思考有多少人接触过这本有年头的书。故选B。
21.A.preservation B.promotion
C.exchange D.usage
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。 句意:想到如今我们还能够留存这些资料,这本身就特别有意思。preservation保存;promotion提升;exchange交换;usage使用。根据前文“‘With something over 100 years old, how many people ______it How many people worked with it, and how many people read it ’ London said.”可知,这里说的是在这100多年中对现有的这些材料的保存。故选A。
22.A.printing B.predicting
C.announcing D.withholding
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。 句意:11月1日,伍斯特公共图书馆发布了一则帖子,宣布这本期待已久的图书的回归。printing印刷;predicting预测;announcing宣布;withholding扣留。根据后文“the book’s long-awaited return”可知,伍斯特公共图书馆发布了一则帖子,宣布这本书的回归。故选C。
23.A.hoped B.ensured
C.believed D.committed
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。 句意:“感谢剑桥公共图书馆和发现这本书的波士顿居民,确保它在51年后被归还,”帖子说。hoped希望;ensured确保;believed相信;committed致力于。根据前文“Thanks to Cambridge Public Library and the Boston resident who found this book”可知,波士顿居民发现书并带到剑桥公共图书馆,确保了这本书在51年后被归还。故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
(2026·如皋中学模拟)
　　The popularity of ancient towns in the south of the Yangtze River, such as Zhouzhuang and Wuzhen, has aroused a nationwide trend in the construction of ancient towns. A relevant expert pointed 24.________ that there are more than 2,800 developed or developing ancient towns in our country, 25.________ is definitely the highest number globally.
In ancient towns,26.________ immersive (沉浸式的) experience being mentioned here is historical and cultural characteristics—the “ancient” of ancient towns. Apart from visible “special buildings”, characteristics also include invisible “culture”. Tourists in ancient towns want to see the living 27.________ (condition) of local people, feel the vitality of town life, try local special snacks 28.________ (influence) by geography and folk customs, and understand how the long history 29.________ (shape) local culture. Out of modern fast-paced work and life, tourists want to awaken their inner softness with a slow-moving ancient town.
Touring ancient towns is for recreation, relaxation, and pleasure,30.________, if all the ancient towns in different places are the same and cannot find their own 31.________ (unique), then ancient town tourism will 32.________ (eventual) decline. Let every ancient town become a unique historical imprint (印记), so that tourists can find their “poetry and distance” while 33.________ (wander) through the ancient towns. This is the soul that ancient towns need to regain.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述了江南古镇的流行引发了全国古镇建设的热潮,并强调了古镇旅游中独特性的重要性。
24.【解析】out。考查固定短语。句意:相关专家指出,我国已开发或正在开发的古镇有2 800多个,这绝对是全球最多的。point out是固定短语,意为“指出”。故填out。
25.【解析】which。考查定语从句。“______ is definitely the highest number globally”是非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词2,800,代替先行词在从句作主语,应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
26.【解析】the。考查冠词。句意:在古镇中,这里提到的沉浸式体验是历史和文化特色——古镇的“古”。此处特指“这里提到的沉浸式体验”,应用定冠词the限定。故填the。
27.【解析】conditions。考查名词的数。可数名词condition在此处表示“(居住、工作或做事情的)环境,境况,条件”,常用复数形式。故填conditions。
28.【解析】influenced。考查非谓语动词。“______ by geography and folk customs”作后置定语,influence(影响)是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语local special snacks构成被动关系,故用过去分词表被动。故填influenced。
29.【解析】has shaped。考查时态、语态和主谓一致。shape(塑造)是从句中的谓语动词,与主语the long history之间是主动关系,结合句意可知,描述发生在过去的动作对现在产生的影响,应用现在完成时,主语是不可数名词,助动词应用has。故填has shaped。
30.【解析】however。考查连词。句意:游览古镇是为了娱乐、放松和享受,但如果所有不同地方的古镇都一样,找不到自己的独特性,那么古镇旅游最终会衰落。上文提到游览古镇的益处,后文则说如果古镇都一样,旅游会衰落,前后为转折关系,应用连词but或yet连接。故填however。
31.【解析】uniqueness。考查名词。空处作宾语,应用名词uniqueness,表示“独特性”,为不可数名词。故填uniqueness。
32.【解析】eventually。考查副词。句意:那么古镇旅游最终会衰落。空处修饰动词decline,应用副词eventually作状语,表示“最终”。故填eventually。
33.【解析】wandering。考查状语从句的省略句。“while ______through the ancient towns”是时间状语从句,原句为“while they are wandering through the ancient towns”,符合状语从句省略条件,省略they are后,应保留现在分词wandering。故填wandering。
七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
(2025·河南模拟)
Heritage(遗产) railways are often referred to as preserved railways.Now, these railways are typically operated by volunteers and enthusiasts.They are considered living museums.　1　
One of them is their role in preserving industrial heritage.Railways were crucial in the industrial revolution.They facilitated the movement of goods and people.In turn, they drove economic growth and societal change.　2　 They showcase the evolution of rail technology, from steam-powered engines to diesel and electric locomotives(机车).They can illustrate the innovation that shaped modern transportation.
Heritage railways also hold significant cultural and social value.They bring back memories of a bygone era, reminding visitors of the social fabric that used to center on rail travel.　3　 They might bring back childhood journeys or family stories.The stations serve as community centers, hosting events and gatherings that develop a sense of belonging and shared heritage.
　4　 They offer hands-on learning experiences for all ages, from school groups studying history and engineering to individuals interested in the mechanics of locomotives.The knowledgeable volunteers who operate these railways provide insights and stories that enrich the learning experience, making history come alive in a way that textbooks cannot.
Beyond their historical and cultural significance, heritage railways contribute to local economies.　5　 Thus, this supports businesses in the surrounding areas.The preservation and operation of these railways also create jobs, both directly and indirectly, stimulating economic activity and helping sustain rural communities.
As such, heritage railways deserve our support and appreciation for the invaluable contributions they make to society.
A.They hold so many incredible values.
B.They preserve local and national heritage.
C.Heritage railways often operate on random routes.
D.Educationally, heritage railways are invaluable resources.
E.For many, these railways represent a link to personal history.
F.They attract tourists, who spend money on tickets, and investors.
G.They provide a window into the great engineering achievements of past eras.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了遗产铁路的历史价值。
1.【解析】选A。根据上文“They are considered living museums.”及下文多个段落具体阐述的遗产铁路在多方面的价值可知,空处应对上文提及的“活博物馆”的意义进行总结,并引出下文对遗产铁路的价值的具体描述。A项“They hold so many incredible values.”表示遗产铁路拥有很多不可思议的价值,其中They指代上文提及的Heritage railways,能够承上启下,符合语境。故选A。
2.【解析】选G。上文“Railways were crucial in the industrial revolution.They facilitated the movement of goods and people.In turn, they drove economic growth and societal change.”提到铁路在工业革命中的重要性,下文“They showcase the evolution of rail technology, from steam-powered engines to diesel and electric locomotives.They can illustrate the innovation that shaped modern transportation.”则展示了铁路技术的演变。G项“They provide a window into the great engineering achievements of past eras.”表示这些铁路为我们提供了一个了解过去的伟大工程成就的窗口,既承接了上文对铁路历史作用的描述,又为下文的技术演变做了铺垫,因此承上启下,符合语境。故选G。
3.【解析】选E。根据本段主旨句“Heritage railways also hold significant cultural and social value.”及上下文可知,本段主张遗产铁路同样具有文化及社会价值,能够唤起人们对过去时代的回忆,比如童年旅行或家庭故事。E项“For many, these railways represent a link to personal history.”表示这些铁路与个人过往经历存在联系,个人过往经历也就是故事,因此能够承上启下。故选E。
4.【解析】选D。空处为本段主旨句。根据空后“They offer hands-on learning experiences for all ages...making history come alive in a way that textbooks cannot.”可知,本段具体描述了遗产铁路在教育方面的作用。D项“Educationally, heritage railways are invaluable resources.”表示遗产铁路在教育方面是无价的资源,与本段主旨一致,可作为主旨句。故选D。
5.【解析】选F。根据本段主旨句“Beyond their historical and cultural significance, heritage railways contribute to local economies.”可知,本段强调遗产铁路的经济贡献,下文则具体描述了它们如何支持周边企业并创造就业机会。F项“They attract tourists, who spend money on tickets, and investors.”表示遗产铁路吸引了游客和投资者,可以承上启下,既解释了上文的“经济贡献”,又为下文的“支持周边企业发展和创造就业”提供了具体依据,因此符合语境。故选F。核心素养测评
必修 第二册 Unit 3 The Internet
(35分钟　50分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分,满分20分)
A
(2026·邢台模拟)
Most have probably heard of Henry David Thoreau and his book Walden, even though his message of simplicity may sound outdated.Nowadays, smart phones flood us with text messages.Many consumers are buying the latest digital devices, from tablets and fitness trackers to commercial drones.Simple living seems to be a thing of the past.
Thoreau would beg to differ.As a writer who advocated the value of simplicity almost two centuries ago, he was a contrarian(叛逆者) for his time.He lived during the height of the Industrial Age, distinguished by the rise of large factories, expanding urban developments, and powerful machines.
Turned off by the constant busyness of this time, Thoreau withdrew from city life to live alone in the woods.He brought with him only the necessities of life and wrote about this adventure in his book Walden.In the book, Thoreau is basically making a philosophical statement.We are not living meaningful lives due to modern technology.We created powerful machines to make life more convenient.Unfortunately, these machines have done the opposite.In his words, “men have become the tools of their tools”.
That is to say, we are not the ones controlling technology.Technology is controlling us.Every few minutes, smart phones may distract us with messages.At least half of Americans check their phones several times an hour.Meanwhile, information overload from social media can weaken our concentration and heighten confusion.
When technology causes that much distraction and confusion, it may be healthy to simplify life by reducing technology overuse.Personally, I’ve done so in two ways.First, I use very little data on my phone and keep the apps on it to a minimum.Most of the time, I only use my phone to call or text.Second, I quit most social media.Sure, those two things aren’t as extreme as Thoreau withdrawing into the woods.Nevertheless, they’re realistic moves I can make toward living a more meaningful life.
【语篇属性】
语篇类型 夹叙夹议 主题语境 人与社会
语篇 内容 文章通过Henry David Thoreau的故事探讨了科技给生活带来了什么,说明应该适当简化生活,让生活更有意义
语篇 结构 Para.1 Thoreau’s message of simplicity contrasts with today’s tech-driven world.
Para.2 Thoreau was a contrarian in the Industrial Age.
Para.3 Thoreau withdrew to the woods, criticizing modern technology.
Para.4 Technology controls us, causing distraction and confusion.
Para.5 Reducing tech overuse can simplify and improve life.
1.Which statement would Thoreau probably agree with
A.Technology holds back our ambition.
B.Technology is the key to a meaningful life.
C.Simplicity is outdated in modern times.
D.Simplicity matters even in a tech-driven world.
【解题过程】
2.Why did Thoreau escape to the woods
A.He was abandoned by society.
B.He was fed up with busy industrial life.
C.He tried to prove his independence.
D.He enjoyed adventures in the forest.
【解题过程】
3.Why are smart phones and social media mentioned in Paragraph 4
A.To demonstrate the dominance of technology.
B.To show the convenience of technological tools.
C.To discuss the effect of modernization.
D.To highlight the extensive use of technology.
【解题过程】
4.What does the author think of his ways of simplifying life
A.Satisfying.　　　　　B.Exciting.
C.Amusing. D.Challenging.
【解题过程】
B
(2026·合肥模拟)
The growing interaction between humans and artificial intelligence(AI) is shaping a new way of thinking, known as System 0.This new cognitive framework exists outside the human mind and works as an external “thinking assistant”.System 0 works alongside the two established models of human thought: System 1, which is fast and automatic, and System 2, which is slower, more analytical, and reflective.
Just as an external drive allows us to store data that are not present on the computer and work anywhere by connecting to a PC, AI—with its powerful data-handling capabilities—functions as an external cognitive circuit that enhances human brain capacity.Hence the idea of System 0, which is essentially a form of “external” thinking, relies on the capabilities of AI.
By managing enormous amounts of data, AI can process information and provide suggestions based on complex algorithms(算法).However, unlike intuitive or analytical thinking, System 0 can perform calculations, make predictions, and generate responses without truly “understanding” the content of the data it works with.
The integration of System 0 into human cognition raises some concerns.One of the most pressing ones is the potential damage to our critical thinking and reasoning abilities.If we blindly trust the output of System 0 without questioning it, we risk losing our ability to think independently, leading to a weaker capacity for innovation and creativity.At the same time, it is important to acknowledge the potential benefits of System 0 in increasing our cognitive capabilities and addressing complex challenges that may be beyond the capacity of human intelligence alone.
Despite the polarized visions on the topic of the evolution of AI, we recommend that this revolutionary system be the object of a deep, shared reflection on how we plan to integrate it into the future of human thought.To ensure that AI remains a tool to enhance—rather than decrease—our cognitive autonomy, clear boundaries must be established.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的认知框架——System 0,它是人类与人工智能互动中形成的外部“思考助手”,并探讨了其与人类已有的思维模式的关系、本质、带来的担忧与益处以及未来的整合方向。
5.What is the main function of Paragraph 1
A.To explain how AI impacts daily routines.
B.To introduce a new cognitive framework.
C.To compare three human thinking systems.
D.To analyze AI’s role in decision-making processes.
6.Which statement captures the essence of System 0
A.It seeks profound meanings in data.
B.It pioneers analytical thinking methods.
C.It enhances human cognition externally.
D.It makes intelligent decisions independently.
7.What is the author’s tone conveyed in Paragraph 4
A.Objective. B.Indifferent.
C.Aggressive. D.Dismissive.
8.What will the follow-up paragraph most probably talk about
A.Moral dilemmas in human-AI integration.
B.Potentially promising prospects of System 0.
C.Technical challenges in sharpening System 0.
D.Specific guidelines on using System 0 critically.
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
(2025·山东模拟)
Uday Bhatia’s journey began with childhood curiosity.At 10, a drone(无人机) gift 　9　 his interest in technology.By 14, he 　10　 his first video game on the Internet, showcasing early programming skills.
During the pandemic, Uday turned his focus to social 　11　, creating Find Our Tutor to 　12　 students struggling with online learning.Later, visiting Bichpuri village, he witnessed children studying under dangerous kerosene(煤油) lamps 　13　 frequent power cuts—a problem 　14　 in many rural areas.
　15　 to help, Uday spent months designing prototypes in his workshop.After 24 　16　, he developed Smart Outage-Guard(OG), an adjustable bulb costing 250 Indian Rupee 　17　 its lighting capacity to up to 10 hours.
The innovation’s 　18　 impact was immediate:10,000 homes gained reliable light.Uday’s company now 　19　 with NGOs to distribute bulbs and solar-powered Glow Grid lamps.His work 　20　 the 2023 Diana Legacy Award, highlighting 　21　 solutions to global challenges.
“True change,” Uday says, “requires 　22　 problems from all angles.” Now, he plans to expand affordable energy 　23　 while studying abroad.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Uday Bhatia的科技创新历程与贡献。
9.A.aroused B.satisfied
C.limited D.questioned
10.A.played B.coded
C.reviewed D.imagined
11.A.trends B.media
C.issues D.hobbies
12.A.entertain B.challenge
C.test D.assist
13.A.due to B.instead of
C.apart from D.as for
14.A.unique B.popular
C.widespread D.temporary
15.A.Interested B.Determined
C.Abandoned D.Moved
16.A.tasks B.attempts
C.missions D.assignments
17.A.extending B.widening
C.enriching D.spreading
18.A.financial B.educational
C.social D.political
19.A.competes B.disagrees
C.experiments D.partners
20.A.collected B.guaranteed
C.accomplished D.earned
21.A.expensive B.traditional
C.youth-led D.short-term
22.A.analyzing B.avoiding
C.summarizing D.memorizing
23.A.conservation B.storage
C.access D.process
Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
(2026·福建模拟)
Thanks to cutting-edge 3D technology, researchers in China digitally reconstructed the face of a man from the Hongshan culture 24.________ lived during the Neolithic Age, offering modern audiences a glance at life over 5,000 years ago.
The reconstructed face belongs to a man 25.________(estimate) to have been between 25 and 30 years old.The 26.________(relative) well-preserved skull was unearthed from a tomb dating back to the Hongshan culture period found in Liaoning.
Researchers combined insights from diverse disciplines 27.________(determine) the individual’s gender and age—recreating facial features down to details such as eyes, skin and hair color.It is the first reconstruction based on 28.________ actual Hongshan ancestor’s skull.Now the reconstructed face 29.________(consider) the closest to reality achieved.
The Hongshan culture is a significant marker of China’s transition to the era of ancient states.The discovery of this culture laid the foundation 30.________ understanding the diverse origins of Chinese civilization.
Compared to traditional sculptural restoration 31.________(method), 3D technology offers greater scientific precision, 32.________(high) accuracy and improved efficiency.China’s advancements in 3D technology are continuously providing valuable insights into historical discoveries, 33.________(help) to reveal the true appearance of ancient people and deepening our understanding of history.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国研究人员利用3D技术对红山文化时期一名男子的面部进行数字重建,展示了5 000多年前的生活,说明了3D技术在这方面的优势。
七选五
(2026·南京模拟)
The Impact of Technology on Modern Education
Technology is developing fast these years and changing our lives a lot, especially in education. For hundreds of years, traditional classroom settings have been the basic part of education.　1　
Firstly, the use of digital devices such as tablets and laptops in the classroom has made it easier for students to access a vast amount of information instantly.　2　 Instead of relying solely on textbooks, students can now explore a wide range of resources, including online articles and videos. This not only enriches their knowledge but also helps them develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills.
Moreover, online learning platforms have revolutionized the way students learn and interact with their teachers and peers.　3　Nowadays students can attend virtual classes, submit assignments, and receive feedback from their teachers at any time and from anywhere. This flexibility is particularly beneficial for students who have busy schedules or live in remote areas, as it allows them to continue their education without being physically present in a classroom.
　4　 One of the main concerns is the digital divide, which refers to the gap between those who have access to digital technology and those who do not. Many students from low-income families may not have access to computers or the Internet at home. This can result in unequal educational opportunities, as students without access to the necessary technology may fall behind their peers.
Additionally, there is a risk that students may become overly dependent on technology, which could affect their ability to think independently and solve problems without relying on digital tools.　5　 Teachers need to strike a balance between using technology to enhance learning and encouraging students to develop their own cognitive abilities.
A.But now, digital tools and online platforms are changing them.
B.Students may also become distracted by the numerous digital devices.
C.Technology allows educators to meet the unique needs of each student.
D.Students can now access information from around the world in seconds.
E.However, the technology in education also comes with some challenges.
F.The traditional classroom is still the most effective way to teach students.
G.The convenience of online learning platforms has made education more accessible.
【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。科技对现代教育影响深远,数字设备和在线平台带来了便利,如信息获取便捷、学习灵活,但也存在数字鸿沟等挑战。核心素养测评
必修 第二册 Unit 4 History and Traditions
(35分钟　47.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分,满分20分)
A
(2026·江西模拟)
“A man does not know his true identity when he does not know the background of where he comes from,” says Paul Ninson, a Ghanaian photojournalist.Here in New York, thousands of miles from Ghana, he found numerous visual images of life in Africa, past and present, in the archives(档案室) of the city’s libraries, galleries and museums.This led to an idea: create a library of photobooks in Ghana to bring the African story home.
Deeply influenced by his grandparents’ storytelling traditions, Ninson decided to pursue a career in photography.He left Ghana in 2019 to seek a formal education in photojournalism at the International Center of Photography in New York City (NYC).There, he read the center’s hundreds of photobooks while in Ghana, he only had access to five or six of such books.As he ventured deeper into the city, he discovered more visual histories of Africa than he had experienced at home.This led to his idea to create a library in Africa that held such stories.
With characteristic determination, Ninson began searching New York City for books to ship to Ghana.He searched secondhand stores, engaged in online bidding wars and reached out for publishers’ donations.He maxed out credit cards and filled his apartment with over 30,000 volumes.With the help from a friend Brandon Stanton, a GoFundMe campaign raised $1.2 million, enabling shipment of the collection to Ghana.
In December 2022, the local library Dikan Center opened near the Gulf of Guinea.It offers free public access to photobooks documenting Africa’s past and present.Beyond its collection, Dikan Center provides workshops, fellowships, and seminars on visual storytelling, empowering a new generation to reshape Africa’s narrative.Local artist Daniella Afful sees Dikan Center as transformative: “It has boosted art and photography, giving hope for preserving our history and making history.”
【语篇属性】
语篇类型 新闻报道 主题语境 人与社会
语篇 内容 本文主要说明了加纳摄影记者保罗·尼森(Paul Ninson)在加纳创立迪坎中心的故事
语篇 结构 Para.1 Ninson got the idea to build a Ghana photobook library in New York archives.
Para.2 Ninson’s NYC study inspired his library idea.
Para.3 Ninson collected books via efforts and funding.
Para.4 Dikan Center opened in 2022, offering photobooks and workshops.
1.What inspired Ninson to build a photobook library
A.His interest in history books.
B.His fancy of New York libraries.
C.His ambition to make a fortune.
D.His desire to bring Africa culture back home.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:inspired Ninson
定信息 在原文中定位关键词,确定答题关键句:第一段“A man does not know his true identity when he does not know the background of where he comes from”以及“Here in New York, thousands of miles from Ghana...to bring the African story home.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A His interest in history books. 曲解文意 考查对第一段中提到的尼森建立摄影书图书馆的动机的理解
B His fancy of New York libraries. 无中生有
C His ambition to make a fortune. 无中生有
D His desire to bring Africa culture back home. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果
分析:选D。根据第一段可知,尼森建造摄影书图书馆的初衷是想将非洲文化带回国内
2.Why did Ninson go to New York in 2019
A.To raise money for a library building.
B.To improve himself as a photographer.
C.To seek his family roots and traditions.
D.To collect books about African history.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:Why;go to New York
定信息 在原文中定位关键词,确定答题关键句:第二段“He left Ghana in 2019 to seek a formal education in photojournalism at the International Center of Photography in New York City(NYC).”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A To raise money for a library building. 曲解文意 考查对第二段中提到的尼森去纽约的原因的理解
B To improve himself as a photographer. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果
C To seek his family roots and traditions. 曲解文意
D To collect books about African history. 曲解文意
分析:选B。根据第二段可知,他离开加纳去纽约是为了接受新闻摄影方面的教育,来提升自己的摄影能力
3.What can we learn from Paragraph 3
A.Ninson was involved in a war.
B.Ninson used his own money to pay for books.
C.Brandon Stanton donated some books to him.
D.African government arranged to ship the books back.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:Paragraph 3
定信息 在原文中定位关键词,确定答题关键句:第三段“He maxed out credit cards and filled his apartment with over 30,000 volumes.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A Ninson was involved in a war. 无中生有 考查对第三段中提到的尼森收集书籍过程的理解
B Ninson used his own money to pay for books. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果
C Brandon Stanton donated some books to him. 无中生有
D African government arranged to ship the books back. 无中生有
分析:选B。根据第三段可知尼森将信用卡额度用到了极限,用自己的钱购买了书籍
4.What can be inferred about the library from Daniella Afful’s words
A.It provides more job opportunities.
B.It has transformed people’s hobbies.
C.It is helpful to preserve local history.
D.It is widely welcomed by the natives.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:What;Daniella Afful’s words
定信息 在原文中定位关键词,确定答题关键句:最后一段“Local artist Daniella Afful sees Dikan Center as transformative: ‘It has boosted art and photography, giving hope for preserving our history and making history.’”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A It provides more job opportunities. 曲解文意 考查对最后一段中提到的Dikan Center的作用的理解
B It has transformed people’s hobbies. 偷换概念
C It is helpful to preserve local history. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果
D It is widely welcomed by the natives. 无中生有
分析:选C。根据最后一段可知,这个图书馆有助于保存当地的历史
B
(2026·沧州模拟)
Palaces are known for their beauty and splendor, but they offer little protection against attacks.It is easy to defend a fortress(堡垒), but fortresses are not designed with the comfort of a king or queen in mind.When it comes to structures that are both fancy and well-defended, the classic European castle is the best example of design.Across the ages, castles changed, developed, and eventually fell out of use, but they still command the fascination of our culture.
Castles were built in England by Norman invaders in 1066.As William the Conqueror advanced through England, he defended key positions to secure the land he had taken.The castles he built allowed the Norman lords to draw back to safety when threatened by English rebellion(叛乱).Castles also served as bases of operation for offensive attacks.Soldiers were gathered, organized around, and deployed(部署) from castles.In this way castles served both offensive and defensive roles in military operations.
Not limited to military(军事的) purposes, castles also served as offices from which the lord would administer control over his kingdom.That is to say, the lord of the land would hold court in his castle.Those that were socially beneath the lord would come to report the affairs of the lands that they governed and pay tribute to the lord.They would address conflicts, handle business, feast, and enjoy festivities, In this way castles served as important social centers in medieval England.Castles also served as symbols of power.Built on important and noticeable sites overlooking the surrounding areas, castles always appeared in the background of many peasants and served as a daily reminder of the lord’s strength.
Now, castles no longer serve their original purposes.However, the remaining castles receive millions of visitors each year from those who wish to experience the glory of a time long passed.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了欧洲城堡兼具华丽与防御功能,历经演变后虽不再用于原用途,但仍吸引众多游客。
5.How does the author introduce the topic of the text
A.By making an assumption.
B.By giving an example.
C.By making comparison.
D.By giving a definition.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段中“Palaces are known for their beauty and splendor, but they offer little protection against attacks.It is easy to defend a fortress, but fortresses are not designed with the comfort of a king or queen in mind.When it comes to structures that are both fancy and well-defended, the classic European castle is the best example of design.”可知,作者通过比较宫殿和堡垒来引出文章的主题——欧洲城堡。故选C。
6.Why did William the Conqueror build castles
A.He wanted to celebrate his victory.
B.He wanted to remind people of his influence.
C.He wanted to live peacefully with the English.
D.He wanted to use them to his military advantage.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中“As William the Conqueror advanced through England...Castles also served as bases of operation for offensive attacks.”可知,征服者威廉建造城堡是为了利用它们来取得军事上的优势。故选D。
7.Which of the following is a way the lord would adopt to show his power
A.Dealing with conflicts in his castle.
B.Building his castle in an obvious place.
C.Carrying out social activities in his castle.
D.Ordering peasants to live near his castle.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段中“Castles also served as symbols of power.Built on important and noticeable sites overlooking the surrounding areas, castles always appeared in the background of many peasants and served as a daily reminder of the lord’s strength.”可知,领主会把城堡建在一个显眼的地方来展示他的权力。故选B。
8.What attracts people to visit castles today
A.The history.
B.The architecture.
C.The beauty.
D.The surroundings.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段中“However, the remaining castles receive millions of visitors each year from those who wish to experience the glory of a time long passed.”可知,是城堡的历史吸引了如今的人们来参观。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
(2025·襄阳模拟)
Have you ever thought about the origins of mathematics Interestingly, unlike man-made inventions such as light bulbs or computers, mathematics isn’t something that was invented by someone.　9　 And its discovery can’t even be attributed to one person.Instead, mathematics developed gradually over thousands of years through the contributions of many people!
　10　 No one can know for sure, but we can use our imaginations to think about how mathematics might have gotten its start.For example, if we go all the way back to prehistoric humans gathering peaches to eat, we can imagine how this basic task probably gave rise to a need for math.If you and your prehistoric friend gathered a basket full of peaches, you’d probably agree to divide them evenly(平均地).First, you’d need to know how many peaches you gathered.That means you’d need to count them.You might first need to come up with names for the basic units of measurement.　11　
Similarly, division might have originated from the need to divide that pile of peaches.　12　 And scientists believe that many basic mathematical functions, such as addition and multiplication appeared thousands of years ago in various areas at the same time, including China, India, Mesopotamia, and Egypt.
More advanced mathematics is traced to ancient Greece over 2,500 years ago.　13　 Since then, mathematical findings have inspired later mathematicians and scientists to build on predecessors’ work, continuously broadening our comprehension of mathematics and its connection to the world.
A.How did it get started
B.When was it discovered
C.It’s really more of a discovery.
D.They were the first to discover the basics of mathematics.
E.Around this time, mathematics first became an organized science.
F.This might be how counting and the earliest numbers came about.
G.In fact, many mathematical principles were developed to meet practical needs.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了数学的起源和发展,强调了它不是个人发明,而是通过数千年的积累和多地区文化的贡献逐渐形成的知识体系。
9.【解析】选C。上文“mathematics isn’t something that was invented by someone.”说明数学并非人为创造,而是有其自身的存在方式。下文“And its discovery can’t even be attributed to one person.”进一步强调了数学的发现是一个集体过程,而非个人行为。空处需解释数学的本质。 选项C “It’s really more of a discovery.(它更像是一种发现)”完美衔接上下文逻辑,强调数学的本质是发现而非发明。故选C。
10.【解析】选A。下文用史前人类分配桃子的例子解释数学可能的起源。空处应为引导问题的总起句。选项A “How did it get started (它是如何开始的 )”直接提出了关于数学起源的问题,与下文内容相呼应。故选A。
11.【解析】选F。上文“If you and your prehistoric friend gathered a basket full of peaches...That means you’d need to count them.You might first need to come up with names for the basic units of measurement.”描述史前人类数桃子和命名计数单位的过程。空处需总结这一行为的意义。选项F “This might be how counting and the earliest numbers came about.(这可能就是计数和最早数字的由来)”中“This”指代前文数桃子的行为,“counting”和“numbers”与“count them”“names for the basic units”对应,总结该例子与数学起源的关系,符合语境。故选F。
12.【解析】选G。上文“Similarly, division might have originated from the need to divide that pile of peaches.”以“分桃子”为例说明除法的起源,下文列举加法、乘法等基础运算的起源,均体现数学源于实际需求。选项G “In fact, many mathematical principles were developed to meet practical needs.(事实上,许多数学原理都是为了满足实际需求而发展起来的)” 是概括性结论,与上文例子形成“例证+观点”关系,强调了数学原理与实际需求的紧密联系。故选G。
13.【解析】选E。上文“More advanced mathematics is traced to ancient Greece over 2,500 years ago.”提到古希腊时期的数学发展,下文则提到数学研究对后世的启发。选项E “Around this time, mathematics first became an organized science.(大约在这个时候,数学首次成为一门有组织的科学)”承接上文进一步说明古希腊时期数学的发展阶段,与下文形成时间上的延续。故选E。
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
(2026·聊城模拟)
Years ago, my father’s memory began to be affected by Alzheimer’s disease.In an effort to reconnect him with his past, I started 　14　 the forgotten corners of our old house.On an old bookshelf, I found a(n) 　15　 but carefully kept datebook.
Though it was just a promotional gift my dad had received, its pages were filled with the 　16　 of his everyday life: reminders of tasks, social engagements, meetings and so on.Each page seemed to show an aspect of his life that I had never fully 　17　.One entry, dated July 22, was highlighted with “7:30 program, Community Hall”.I was particularly 　18　 to work out its meaning.
Through 　19　 with some family friends later, I learned that Dad once 　20　 a community project.It served disadvantaged families who had difficulty 　21　 costs of holiday entertainment.As the leader, Dad managed to provide 　22　 and shared entertainment programs to help enrich community people’s lives.
The realization of Dad’s 　23　 left me with admiration.While I didn’t organize large-scale events, I found my own way to 　24　 his goodness.I suggested using his datebook as a conversation starter for our family gatherings, which was 　25　 welcomed.The practice of sharing stories from the datebook proved to be an amazing way to 　26　 our family members.In the days that followed, the 　27　 atmosphere in our home gradually lifted my father’s spirits.Dad might be unable to win his fight against the disease, yet his kindness and passion for life have become a key part of our family’s shared 　28　.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在父亲患阿尔茨海默病后,发现其旧日程本,了解到他曾做的善举后,传承其善良,温暖了家庭。
14.A.cleaning　　　　　　B.introducing
C.exploring D.repairing
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:为了让他与过去重新建立联系,我开始探索我们老房子里那些被遗忘的角落。cleaning打扫;introducing介绍;exploring探索;repairing修理。根据下文“On an old bookshelf, I found a(n) ______but carefully kept datebook.”可知,为了让父亲和过去建立联系,作者去探索老房子。故选C。
15.A.expensive B.boring
C.valuable D.ordinary
【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在一个旧书架上,我发现了一本普通但保存得很仔细的日程本。expensive昂贵的;boring无聊的;valuable有价值的;ordinary普通的。根据下文“Though it was just a promotional gift my dad had received”可知,日程本是父亲收到的促销礼品,是一本普通的日程本。故选D。
16.A.issues B.details
C.results D.thoughts
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:虽然这只是我父亲收到的一份促销礼物,但它的每一页都记录着他日常生活的细节:任务提醒、社交活动、会议等。issues问题;details细节;results结果;thoughts想法。根据“of his everyday life: reminders of tasks, social engagements, meetings and so on.”可知,日程本上记录的是日常生活的细节。故选B。
17.A.expressed B.refused
C.admitted D.appreciated
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:每一页似乎都展现了他生活的一个方面,而我从未充分领会过。expressed表达;refused拒绝;admitted承认;appreciated理解。根据上文“On an old bookshelf, I found a(n) ______but carefully kept datebook.”以及下文“One entry, dated July 22, was highlighted with ‘7:30 program, Community Hall’.I was particularly ______to work out its meaning.”可知,作者在父亲患病后发现了日程本,并且想弄清楚其中内容的意思,由此可知,之前作者对于父亲生活的这些方面没有充分领会。故选D。
18.A.eager B.upset
C.hesitant D.confident
【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我特别渴望弄清楚它的意思。eager渴望的;upset沮丧的;hesitant犹豫的;confident自信的。根据下文“Through ______with some family friends later, I learned that Dad once ______a community project.”可知,之后作者去了解父亲的活动,所以此处表示作者对这个记录感兴趣,渴望弄清楚它的意思。故选A。
19.A.plans B.conversations
C.celebrations D.travels
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:后来,通过与一些家庭朋友的交谈,我了解到父亲曾经开创了一个社区项目。plans计划;conversations交谈;celebrations庆祝;travels旅行。根据下文“with some family friends later”以及语境可知,此处表示通过和家庭朋友的交谈,作者了解到父亲的事情。故选B。
20.A.mentioned B.researched
C.advertised D.pioneered
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。mentioned提到;researched研究;advertised广告; pioneered开创。根据下文“As the leader, Dad managed to provide______and shared entertainment programs to help enrich community people’s lives.”可知,父亲是项目的领导者,推测此处表示父亲开创了这个社区项目。故选D。
21.A.counting B.covering
C.sharing D.spending
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:它为那些难以支付节日娱乐费用的弱势家庭服务。counting数数;covering支付(费用);sharing分享;spending花费。根据上文“disadvantaged families”以及下文“costs of holiday entertainment”可知,此处表示为难以支付节日娱乐费用的家庭提供帮助,cover the cost是固定搭配,意为“支付费用”。故选B。
22.A.costly B.professional
C.affordable D.adventurous
【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:作为领导者,父亲设法提供了价格合理且共享的娱乐项目,以帮助丰富社区居民的生活。costly昂贵的;professional专业的;affordable负担得起的,价格合理的;adventurous冒险的。根据上文“It served disadvantaged families who had difficulty ______costs of holiday entertainment.”可知,这一项目为弱势家庭服务,所以此处表示提供价格合理的娱乐项目。故选C。
23.A.reason B.struggle
C.impact D.popularity
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:意识到父亲所产生的影响让我心生敬佩。reason原因;struggle挣扎;impact影响;popularity受欢迎。根据上文可知,作者的父亲开创社区项目是为了帮助弱势家庭,所以此处表示父亲产生的影响让作者敬佩。故选C。
24.A.honor B.trust
C.awaken D.judge
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:虽然我没有组织大规模的活动,但我找到了自己的方式来纪念他的善良。honor纪念;trust信任;awaken唤醒;judge判断。根据下文“I suggested using his datebook as a conversation starter for our family gatherings, which was ______welcomed.”可知,作者通过这种方式纪念父亲的善良。故选A。
25.A.hardly B.quietly
C.suddenly D.universally
【解析】选D。考查副词词义辨析。句意:我建议在我们的家庭聚会上用他的日程本作为谈话的开场白,这受到了大家的普遍欢迎。hardly几乎不;quietly安静地;suddenly突然地;universally普遍地。根据下文“The practice of sharing stories from the datebook proved to be an amazing way to ______our family members.”可知,这个做法被证明是很棒的方式,所以此处表示受到“普遍”欢迎。故选D。
26.A.treat B.help
C.connect D.challenge
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:事实证明,分享日程本上的故事是一种让我们家人之间建立联系的奇妙方式。treat对待;help帮助;connect建立联系;challenge挑战。根据上文“I suggested using his datebook as a conversation starter for our family gatherings”以及下文“our family members.In the days that followed, the ______atmosphere in our home gradually lifted my father’s spirits.”可知,在家庭聚会上用日程本作为谈话开场白,所以分享日程本上的故事会让家人之间建立联系。故选C。
27.A.lively B.strange
C.peaceful D.tense
【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在接下来的日子里,我们家活跃的气氛逐渐振奋了我父亲的精神。lively活跃的;strange奇怪的;peaceful和平的;tense紧张的。根据上下文可知,在家庭聚会上用日程本作为谈话开场白,且这种方式受到欢迎,可推知家庭的氛围是活跃的。故选A。
28.A.secrets B.memories
C.surprises D.contributions
【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:父亲可能无法战胜疾病,但他的善良和对生活的热情已经成为我们家庭共同记忆的重要组成部分。secrets秘密;memories记忆;surprises惊喜;contributions贡献。根据上文“I suggested using his datebook as a conversation starter for our family gatherings, which was ______welcomed.”以及语境可知,作者一家在家庭聚会分享日程本上的故事,赞美了父亲的善良和热情,这成为了家庭共同记忆的重要部分。故选B。
语法填空
(2025·苏州模拟)
In a workshop in Yingshan County, central China, German scholar Fabian Schrodt carefully pressed paper onto inked clay(黏土) blocks, 1.________(recreate) an 11th-century invention from ancient China—Bi Sheng’s movable type printing.
His hands-on experience at the Bi Sheng Memorial Hall brought to life the ingenuity of the Song Dynasty inventor.Bi Sheng’s clay-type system, which predated(早于) German printer Johannes Gutenberg’s metal press 2.________ 400 years, 3.________(recognize) as the earliest recorded movable type printing in human history.
Thousands of miles away in Mainz, Germany, visitors to the Gutenberg Museum have also encountered a similar sense of historic 4.________(innovate).
While Gutenberg’s 15th-century metal type printing press famously 5.________(revolutionize) Europe, Ulf S lter, director of Mainz’s Gutenberg Museum, acknowledges an 6.________(early) pioneer.“Bi and Gutenberg’s inventions were conceptually similar—namely, breaking down individual works into their individual components—but Bi came up with 7.________ idea long before Gutenberg,” said S lter.
For Schrodt, who spent an afternoon learning from Wang Kui—an intangible cultural inheritor of Bi’s movable type printing—such preservation is extremely 8.________(value).“Technological advancements can lead to a degradation(退化) of collective knowledge,” Schrodt noted.“Wang’s dedication to 9.________(preserve) Bi’s legacy serves a crucial purpose: ensuring that humanity does not reach a point 10.________ we possess the technology for interstellar travel but cannot rebuild it once lost, simply because no one knows how.”
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了德国学者法比安·施罗德特在中国英山县体验毕昇活字印刷术的经历,对比了毕昇活字印刷术与古腾堡印刷术的异同,以及保护这一古老技艺传承的意义。
1.【解析】recreating。考查非谓语动词。句意:在中国中部英山县的一个工作坊里,德国学者法比安·施罗德特小心翼翼地将纸张压在涂墨的黏土块上,重现了中国古代11世纪的一项发明——毕昇的活字印刷术。本句已有谓语pressed,设空处为非谓语动词。设空处在句中作伴随状语,动词recreate与其逻辑主语Fabian Schrodt之间为主动关系,应用现在分词。故填recreating。
2.【解析】by。考查介词。句意:毕昇的泥活字印刷系统比德国印刷商约翰内斯·古腾堡的金属印刷机早400年,被公认为人类历史上最早有记录的活字印刷术。“predate...by+时间”为固定搭配,表示“比……早多长时间”,故填by。
3.【解析】was recognized。考查动词时态和语态。主语Bi Sheng’s clay-type system与谓语动词recognize为被动关系,且描述过去的历史事实,用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为第三人称单数。故填was recognized。
4.【解析】innovation。考查名词。句意:在数千英里外的德国美因茨,参观古腾堡博物馆的游客也感受到了类似的历史创新感。形容词historic后接名词,innovate的名词形式为innovation意为“创新”,此处表抽象概念,用单数,作宾语。故填innovation。
5.【解析】revolutionized。考查动词时态。句意:尽管古腾堡15 世纪的金属活字印刷机闻名遐迩,彻底革新了欧洲,但美因茨古腾堡博物馆馆长乌尔夫·索尔特承认,存在一位更早的先驱。根据主语Gutenberg’s 15th-century metal type printing press可知,此处描述过去发生的事,谓语动词revolutionize应用一般过去式。故填revolutionized。
6.【解析】earlier。考查形容词比较级。此处为形容词作定语修饰名词pioneer,根据语境,毕昇比古腾堡更早,用early的比较级earlier。故填earlier。
7.【解析】the。考查冠词。句意:索尔特说:“毕(昇)和古腾堡的发明在概念上相似——即把独立的作品分解成单个组件——但毕(昇)远比古腾堡早提出这一想法。”结合语境可知,此处特指“分解个体作品为单个组件”的想法,用定冠词the表特指。故填the。
8.【解析】valuable。考查形容词。句意:对施罗德特来说,在向毕昇活字印刷的非物质文化传承人王魁(音译)学习了一个下午后,这种传承工作极具价值。系动词is后接形容词作表语,value的形容词形式为valuable意为“有价值的”符合句意。故填valuable。
9.【解析】preserving。考查非谓语动词。句意:王(魁)致力于保护毕昇的遗产,这有着至关重要的意义:它确保人类不会陷入这样的境地——我们拥有星际旅行的技术,但若一旦失传却无法重建,仅仅因为无人知晓方法。固定搭配“dedication to doing sth.”中,to为介词,后接动名词形式。故填preserving。
10.【解析】where。考查定语从句。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词为point,表抽象地点,关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where引导。故填where。核心素养测评
必修 第二册 Unit 2 Wildlife Protection
(30分钟　47.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分,满分20分)
A
(2026·深圳模拟)
The sharp fin(鳍).The rows upon rows of sharp teeth.The large black eyes.The sharks you see on television in Jaws or Discovery’s “Shark Week” are not the friendliest looking creatures.They aren’t exactly an animal you want to find near you while swimming in the ocean.Despite their portrayals(刻画) in movies and popular culture, sharks are complicated, misunderstood creatures that are weaker than they appear.
One very common misunderstanding about sharks is their desire to hunt humans.Actually when sharks attack humans, it is because they mistake a human for their normal prey(猎物), seals or dolphins.They don’t seek out humans on purpose.Statistically, you are more likely to be struck by lightning than be bitten by a shark.
Sharks are very important to the ocean as they are at the top of the food chain.Some sharks even control the balance of an ecosystem through fear alone.Tiger sharks in Australia help protect seagrass meadows from turtles.Turtles eat the seagrass and, without the sharks, will destroy these meadows.When tiger sharks are present though, the turtles are scared away, holding back their appetite for seagrass and protecting its growth.
Though sharks have a reputation for being very scary to humans, the sad truth is that they should be scared of humans.The number of sharks in the ocean is steadily dropping.There are a few reasons for this.For one, they mature quite slowly, over several years, and produce relatively few young.For another, overfishing of sharks is happening because more and more people want their fins.About 100 million sharks are killed every year according to National Geographic.Shark fin is a way for people to show off their wealth.Shark fins are also believed to have medicinal benefits, though there is no evidence or proof that they actually do.
【语篇属性】
语篇类型 说明文 主题语境 人与自然
语篇 内容 本文主要介绍了鲨鱼在电影和流行文化中的形象与实际情况存在差异,阐述了鲨鱼在海洋生态系统中的重要性,以及当前鲨鱼数量因人类活动而减少的现状
语篇 结构 Para.1 Sharks are misunderstood and weaker than they appear.
Para.2 Sharks rarely attack humans;it’s usually a case of mistaken identity.
Para.3 Sharks play a crucial role in maintaining ocean ecosystems.
Para.4 Sharks’ decline is due to slow reproduction and overfishing.
1.What do most people think about sharks
A.They are ugly.　　　B.They are important.
C.They are violent. D.They are complicated.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:think about sharks
定信息 在原文中定位关键词,确定答题关键句:第一段中“The sharks you see on television in Jaws or Discovery’s ‘Shark Week’ are not the friendliest looking creatures.They aren’t exactly an animal you want to find near you while swimming in the ocean.”和第二段中“One very common misunderstanding about sharks is their desire to hunt humans.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A They are ugly. 曲解文意 考查对第一、二段中提到的人们对鲨鱼的普遍看法的理解
B They are important. 无中生有
C They are violent. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果
D They are complicated. 曲解文意
分析:选C。考生需要能够从文中提取关于鲨鱼在电影和流行文化中的形象描述,理解这些描述如何塑造了人们对鲨鱼的普遍看法,大多数人认为鲨鱼很凶猛
2.What does the author try to show by comparing shark bites to lightning strikes
A.Shark bites are deadly.
B.Shark bites are rare.
C.Shark bites are unpredictable.
D.Shark bites are painful.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:try to show; comparing shark bites to lightning strikes
定信息 在原文中定位关键词,确定答题关键句:第二段中“Statistically, you are more likely to be struck by lightning than be bitten by a shark.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A Shark bites are deadly. 无中生有 考查对文中通过比较被鲨鱼咬伤和被闪电击中来说明鲨鱼攻击人类的罕见性的理解
B Shark bites are rare. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果
C Shark bites are unpredictable. 曲解文意
D Shark bites are painful. 曲解文意
分析:选B。考生需要能够理解这种比较的逻辑,认识到鲨鱼攻击人类的事件实际上非常罕见
3.Why should sharks be scared of humans according to the author
A.Humans keep sharks to show off.
B.Humans catch sharks for medical research.
C.Humans kill sharks in large quantities.
D.Humans are greater in number than sharks.
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:Why;be scared of humans
定信息 在原文中定位关键词,确定答题关键句:最后一段“For another, overfishing of sharks is happening because more and more people want their fins... though there is no evidence or proof that they actually do.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A Humans keep sharks to show off. 无中生有 考查对最后一段中提到的鲨鱼应该害怕人类的原因的理解
B Humans catch sharks for medical research. 曲解文意
C Humans kill sharks in large quantities. 根据锁定答题关键句信息得出结果
D Humans are greater in number than sharks. 无中生有
分析:选C。考生需要能够从文中提取关于鲨鱼数量下降的具体原因,理解这些原因是如何导致鲨鱼害怕人类的
4.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.Ocean Life: Save Our Sharks!
B.Sharks: Kings of Protectors
C.Ocean Life: An Ecological Crisis!
D.Sharks: Killers or Misunderstood
【解题过程】
第一步:抓关键　定信息区间
抓关键 题干中的关键信息:suitable title
定信息 在原文中定位关键词,确定答题关键句:第一段中“Despite their portrayals in movies and popular culture, sharks are complicated, misunderstood creatures that are weaker than they appear.”
第二步:鉴选项　辨信息正误
选项 选项内容 辨误 命题意图
A Ocean Life: Save Our Sharks! 曲解文意 考查对文章主题和核心观点的理解,以及选择一个能够准确反映文章内容的标题的能力
B Sharks:Kings of Protectors 曲解文意
C Ocean Life: An Ecological Crisis! 无中生有
D Sharks: Killers or Misunderstood 根据锁定答题关键信息得出结果
分析:选D。考生需要能够从文中提取关键信息,理解文章的主要观点,即鲨鱼被误解为危险的杀手,但实际上它们是被人类威胁的生物
B
(2026·衡水中学模拟)
Hiking is tricky when you’re carrying a threatened species. Ally Whitbread carefully jumped over logs while carrying a cooler full of tiny, rare snails. “I feel like I’ve got like 500 babies to take care of—just a very crazy mother hen,” she said.
The Chittenango ovate amber snails inside are facing extinction. Only dozens are estimated to remain at one waterfall in Upstate New York. But Whitbread is part of a team transporting a lab-bred population to a new, remote home for a shot at survival. Such a recovery process can take years to decades, and success is obscure, but scientists are racing to better understand our planet’s biodiversity before species are wiped out.
The hike to a hidden waterfall is a chance to examine what makes them thrive in the wild, or what doesn’t.
“These efforts to study rare species can unlock their hidden benefits to humans,” said Professor Laura Dee. “Our idea that we might want to have a species down the line comes from the uncertainty of what the future is going to bring, and what role that species might play.”
Like the once-rare Madagascar rosy periwinkle—a compound from the plant is now used in leukemia treatments. “While not every species will cure cancer,” Dee said, “more studies are needed because we don’t fully know what will happen if we lose them.”
Even just observing species in their habitats can prove helpful. University of Utah biology professor Jack Longino is cataloging the planet’s ants. He said understanding how the insects communicate could help programmers with robotics. “To create things to make new technologies, we’re sort of imitating nature all the time,” Longino said.
The Chittenango ovate amber snail doesn’t have any known unique traits critical to humans, and it has been a lengthy journey just to attempt to save them. The half-hour hike to the new habitat is the latest step in a process that has lasted more than five years.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家穿越丛林,用冷藏箱悉心保护濒危物种奇特南戈卵形琥珀蜗牛。
5.Which can best replace the underlined word “obscure” in Paragraph 2
A.Undeniable.　　　 B.Unpredictable.
C.Inevitable. D.Incomparable.
【解析】选B。词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Such a recovery process can take years to decades”和下文“but scientists are racing to better understand our planet’s biodiversity before species are wiped out”可知,恢复过程很漫长,且后面有转折,说明科学家们在努力了解生物多样性。由此推知,此处指成功是不确定的、捉摸不透的,从而和科学家们的努力形成对比,obscure 意思应该是“不确定的、捉摸不透的”,与unpredictable 意思相近。故选 B。
6.According to Professor Laura Dee, why should we save the Chittenango ovate amber snails
A.Because they help programmers create robotics.
B.Because we have a great affection for this rare snail.
C.Because they can be adopted for the treatment of cancer and leukemia.
D.Because we are uncertain about the hidden benefits of them to humans.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段中 Laura Dee 教授所说的话“These efforts to study rare species can unlock their hidden benefits to humans”以及“Our idea that we might want to have a species down the line comes from the uncertainty of what the future is going to bring, and what role that species might play”可知,Laura Dee 教授认为应该拯救这种蜗牛是因为我们不确定它们将来会起什么样的作用,对人类有什么潜在的好处。故选 D。
7.What are Paragraph 5 and Paragraph 6 mainly about
A.The benefits of sustaining and studying rare species.
B.The helpfulness of observing how ants communicate.
C.The consequences of losing rare animals and plants in nature.
D.The healing effect of the compound from Madagascar rosy periwinkle.
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据第五段中“‘While not every species will cure cancer,’ Dee said, ‘more studies are needed because we don’t fully know what will happen if we lose them.’”可知,本段以马达加斯加玫瑰色长春花为例,说明珍稀物种可能带来潜在的好处。根据第六段中“Even just observing species in their habitats can prove helpful.”可知,本段介绍人类通过观察动物,模仿大自然去创新、去发展科技。由此可知,这两段都是围绕着保护和研究珍稀动物的好处而展开的。故选 A。
8.Which is the best title for the text
A.Explore the rare species
B.Tiny snails, Great benefits
C.Small snails, Long journey
D.Save the extinct species
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是最后一段中“The Chittenango ovate amber snail doesn’t have any known unique traits critical to humans, and it has been a lengthy journey just to attempt to save them.”可知,文章围绕科学家们穿越丛林,保护濒危物种奇特南戈卵形琥珀蜗牛展开,介绍了这种物种的处境,以及科学家们进行拯救的原因和艰难。因此,C项“小小的蜗牛,漫长的旅程”抓住了文章的中心词,一语双关地点明了科学家们穿越丛林的旅程和进行拯救的旅行的漫长,适合作为标题。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
(2025·蚌埠模拟)
World Wildlife Day will take place on Monday, March 3.One way to celebrate the wild animals that live all around us—and to educate others about their importance—is to make a nature documentary.　9　 Here’s how you can get started.
Pick a theme
First, decide what you would like your nature documentary to be about.Do you want to film wildlife that lives outside your home, or would you rather ask an adult to go with you to a nearby park or nature preserve 　10　 For example, think about the animals that live in your region and the species you are more likely to see during daylight hours.
　11　
Once you decide what to film, do some deeper research on your subject.Take notes that can help you look for interesting facts to film.For example, what are some of the animal’s feeding habits Research the physical differences you might spot between males and females of the same species, from size to color to behavior.
Film and edit
You don’t need advanced equipment to make a nature documentary.You can use a video camera or a phone with a camera.　12　 When you’re ready to film, stay a comfortable distance from wildlife so you don’t frighten away your subject.You can also film an introduction: Put your camera in selfie mode, introduce yourself, and let the audience know why you chose your subject.Finally, you can use a free app to edit your film and add titles.
Host a screening
　13　 You can have a screening at home or check with your local library about the availability of a meeting room.After the screening, have a question and answer session so audience can ask you about your documentary.Finally, thank everyone for coming!
A.Do your research
B.Explore wildlife spots
C.Do some research and choose local wildlife that interests you.
D.All you need to create this nonfiction film is a camera and a subject.
E.Also, pay attention to the weather forecast before you go out to film.
F.When you’re happy with your film, invite family and friends to watch it.
G.A three-legged stand will help keep your camera steady but isn’t necessary.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍庆祝世界野生动物日制作自然纪录片的方法,包括选主题、做研究、拍摄剪辑及举办放映会。
9.【解析】选D。由上文“One way to celebrate the wild animals that live all around us—and to educate others about their importance—is to make a nature documentary.”可知,这里提到了制作自然纪录片这一方式。空格处应接着说制作纪录片所需的条件,D项“All you need to create this nonfiction film is a camera and a subject.(制作这部非虚构类影片你所需要的只是一台相机和一个拍摄对象)”符合此处语境,其中this nonfiction film指代上文的a nature documentary,有承接上文的作用。故选D。
10.【解析】选C。由上文“Do you want to film wildlife that lives outside your home, or would you rather ask an adult to go with you to a nearby park or nature preserve ”可知,这里提到了拍摄野生动物的地点选择。再结合下文“For example, think about the animals that live in your region and the species you are more likely to see during daylight hours.”可知,是举例说明拍摄当地动物的选择。所以空格处应说选择当地感兴趣的野生动物来拍摄,C项“Do some research and choose local wildlife that interests you.(做一些研究,选择你感兴趣的当地野生动物)”符合语境,起到承上启下的作用。故选C。
11.【解析】选A。由下文“Once you decide what to film, do some deeper research on your subject.Take notes that can help you look for interesting facts to film.”可知,主要围绕对拍摄对象做研究展开。所以空格处应是对这一段的总结,A项“Do your research(做你的研究)”符合此处语境,能概括该段内容。故选A。
12.【解析】选G。由上文“You don’t need advanced equipment to make a nature documentary.You can use a video camera or a phone with a camera.”可知,这里提到了制作纪录片的设备不需要很先进。空格处应接着说关于设备的其他情况,G项“A three-legged stand will help keep your camera steady but isn’t necessary.(三脚架将有助于保持相机稳定,但不是必需的)”符合此处语境,进一步说明了设备情况,其中A three-legged stand属于拍摄设备,承接上文。故选G。
13.【解析】选F。由上文“Host a screening”可知,该段主题是举办放映会。再结合下文“You can have a screening at home...so audience can ask you about your documentary.”可知,具体说明了举办放映会的地点和后续环节。所以空格处应说邀请家人和朋友来看影片,F项“When you’re happy with your film, invite family and friends to watch it.(当你对你的影片满意时,邀请家人和朋友来看它)”符合语境,能引出下文关于举办放映会的内容。故选F。
Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
(2026·泰安模拟)
　　With black hair and a square face, a monkey at Hefei Wildlife Park in Anhui Province has been viral on Chinese social media since early May.Despite 14.________(spend) 10 years at the zoo, the primate had received little attention 15.________ a visitor posted a video of him on the Internet, during the May Day holiday, according to the park.
In Chinese, the character “guo”, meaning “country”, is often used 16.________(describe) a square-shaped human face, making the capuchin’s distinctive look especially noteworthy online.Though Dazhuang is a primate, his 17.________(face) features resemble those of a person, earning him the nickname “guo-character-face monkey”.In 2024, the zoo introduced a female capuchin from Wuxi Wildlife Park in Jiangsu Province.She gave birth to a baby with Dazhuang in April 2025.18.________ female monkey has been named Xiaomei, or “little beauty”, and is often referred to as Dazhuang’s “wife”.Some online users have described Dazhuang as “ugly-cute”, though Zhang Chunxue, the animal breeder 19.________ cares for the capuchins, disagrees.“Among black-capped capuchins, the alpha male usually has a squarer face and a bigger build 20.________ the rest,” Zhang said.“By those standards, Dazhuang is actually very handsome.” She described Dazhuang as gentle and 21.________(slight) timid.“He climbs to a high perch and hides if approached by strangers,” she said.
In recent years, animal “Internet celebrities” 22.________(emerge) across China, capturing public attention for their unique appearance, behavior or relatable expressions.The general manager of Hefei Wildlife Park said the zoo is working to maintain the natural environment of Dazhuang and his companions while 23.________(minimize) the impact of increased visitor traffic.
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了合肥野生动物园的“国字脸猴子”大壮走红网络的原因、外貌特征、家庭情况,以及动物园对其的保护措施。
14.【解析】spending。考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管这只灵长类动物在动物园待了10年,但据园方介绍,直到五一假期期间一名游客在网上发布了它的视频,它才受到关注。Despite为介词,后接动词-ing形式作宾语。故填spending。
15.【解析】until。考查连词。此处为连词引导的状语从句,结合上下文可知,此处表示“直到……才”,用until引导时间状语从句。故填until。
16.【解析】to describe。考查非谓语动词。句意:在中文里,“国”字意为“国家”,常用来形容方形的人脸,这使得这只卷尾猴的独特长相在网上格外引人注意。此处为固定搭配be used to do sth.意为“被用来做某事”,此处用不定式作目的状语。故填to describe。
17.【解析】facial。考查形容词。句意:虽然大壮是一只灵长类动物,但它的面部特征与人类相似,因此获得了“国字脸猴子”的昵称。修饰名词features应用形容词,face的形容词为facial,意为“面部的”,符合句意。故填facial。
18.【解析】The。考查冠词。句意:这只雌性猴子被命名为“小美”,即“小美丽”,常被称为大壮的“妻子”。此处特指前文提到的雌性猴子,用定冠词the表特指,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填The。
19.【解析】who。考查定语从句。句意:一些网友称 “大壮” 为 “丑萌”,不过负责照顾这些卷尾猴的饲养员张春雪并不认同。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词为the animal breeder,指人,在定语从句中作主语,用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。
20.【解析】than。考查介词。句意:张说:“在卷尾猴中,雄性首领的脸型通常比其他猴子更方,体格也更大。”句中有比较级squarer和bigger,应用than引出比较对象。故填than。
21.【解析】slightly。考查副词。句意:她形容大壮性格温和,略带羞怯。修饰形容词timid用副词,slight的副词形式为slightly意为“略微”符合句意。故填slightly。
22.【解析】have emerged。考查动词时态。句意:近年来,中国各地涌现出许多动物“网红”,它们以独特的外貌、行为或接地气的表情吸引了公众的注意。此处为谓语动词,根据时间状语In recent years可知,动作从过去持续到现在,用现在完成时,主语animal “Internet celebrities”为复数。故填have emerged。
23.【解析】minimizing。考查非谓语动词。句意:合肥野生动物园的总经理表示,动物园正在努力维护大壮及其同伴的自然环境,同时尽量减少游客流量增加带来的影响。此处为时间状语从句中的省略结构,while引导的时间状语从句主语和主句主语一致,且谓语动词中含有be动词,可以省略主语和be动词,该句中while后省略主语the zoo和be动词,minimize与主语the zoo之间为主动关系,所以此处使用现在分词minimizing。故填minimizing。
完形填空
(2025·南京模拟)
On a fall day, my wife and I went boating on the Blackfoot River.I was excited about the trip because it would allow me to forget my 　1　.
At noon, we rested on a bank.　2　 the scenery, we barely realized the approaching danger.Then three large 　3　 emerged from the forest: a huge mama bear with two babies.They were less than 100 feet away across the river, far closer than the recommended 　4　 distance.
I could feel 　5　 reached deep into my stomach.Time stood still.Then, I grabbed the bear spray(喷雾) and we walked downriver to 　6　 ourselves.“Hey, bear!” I said, “We are not here to 　7　 you!” At that moment, I thought the mama bear would 　8　 across the river, covering the 100 feet in seconds.Although I knew how to use the spray, I didn’t think I could use it 　9　.
To our surprise, the mama bear 　10　 drank water from the river.When one baby wandered just a few steps away, she quickly 　11　 him.Just like their 　12　 appearance, they were gone, disappearing into the forest.We returned to our boat, lost in 　13　.
This encounter 　14　 me, making my daily concerns seem insignificant in the larger context of our planet.The experience, the fear, and my 　15　 as a human have changed my perspective on the world forever.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与妻子偶遇熊家庭的惊险经历,以及这一经历给作者带来的深刻反思。
1.A.concerns　　　　　　　B.principles
C.passions D.secrets
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:我对这次旅行感到很兴奋,因为它能让我忘掉我的忧虑。concerns忧虑;principles原则;passions激情;secrets秘密。根据上文“I was excited about the trip because it would allow me to forget my”可知,旅行可以让作者忘掉自己的忧虑。故选A。
2.A.Tired of B.Absorbed in
C.Looking into D.Reflecting on
【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。句意:沉浸在这景色中,我们几乎没有意识到即将来临的危险。Tired of厌烦;Absorbed in沉浸于;Looking into调查;Reflecting on反思。根据下文“we barely realized the approaching danger”可知,是因为沉浸在景色中才没意识到危险。故选B。
3.A.signs B.pictures
C.targets D.shapes
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:然后三个巨大的身影从森林中出现:一只巨大的母熊和两只幼崽。signs迹象;pictures图片;targets目标;shapes形状,身影。根据下文“a huge mama bear with two babies”可知,作者看到了三个巨大的身影。故选D。
4.A.social B.safe
C.average D.constant
【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:它们在河对岸不到100英尺远的地方,比推荐的安全距离近得多。social社会的;safe安全的;average平均的;constant持续的。根据上文“They were less than 100 feet away across the river”及常识可知,此处指的是与熊保持的安全距离。故选B。
5.A.fear B.surprise
C.thrill D.courage
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:我能感觉到恐惧深深地住了我的五脏六腑。fear恐惧;surprise惊讶;thrill激动;courage勇气。根据上文“They were less than 100 feet away across the river”可知,熊离得很近,作者感到恐惧。故选A。
6.A.relax B.corner
C.dismiss D.distance
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:然后,我抓起防熊喷雾,我们沿着河往下走以和它们保持距离。relax放松;corner使陷入绝境;dismiss解散;distance使远离,与……保持距离。根据上文“I could feel ______reached deep into my stomach.”可知,熊离得太近,作者很害怕,所以沿着河往下走拉开距离。故选D。
7.A.bathe B.tease
C.bother D.pet
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们不是来打扰你的!bathe洗澡;tease取笑; bother打扰;pet抚摸。根据上文“‘Hey, bear!’ I said,”可知,作者在向熊表明他们没有恶意,不会打扰它们。故选C。
8.A.sail B.float
C.charge D.wander
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:在那一刻,我以为母熊会冲过这条河,几秒钟内就跑完这100英尺。sail航行;float漂浮;charge冲锋,冲;wander徘徊。根据下文“covering the 100 feet in seconds”可知,作者担心母熊会冲过来。故选C。
9.A.in advance B.at random
C.at peace D.in time
【解析】选D。考查介词短语辨析。句意:虽然我知道如何使用喷雾,但我认为我不能及时使用它。in advance提前;at random随意地;at peace平静地;in time及时。根据上文“I thought the mama bear would ______across the river, covering the 100 feet in seconds”可知,作者担心母熊很快冲过来,所以觉得可能不能及时使用喷雾。故选D。
10.A.probably B.simply
C.naturally D.certainly
【解析】选B。考查副词词义辨析。句意:令我们惊讶的是,母熊只是在河里喝水。probably可能地;simply仅仅,只是;naturally自然地;certainly当然。根据上文“To our surprise”可知,母熊没有像作者担心的那样冲过来,只是在喝水。故选B。
11.A.rescued B.abandoned
C.fetched D.examined
【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:当一只幼崽只走了几步远时,她迅速把它带了回来。rescued营救;abandoned抛弃;fetched去取,去带;examined检查。根据上文“the mama bear ______drank water from the river.”可知,它们仅仅是来喝水,所以母熊把走了几步远的幼崽带了回来。故选C。
12.A.timely B.inappropriate
C.unexpected D.regular
【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:就像它们意外的出现一样,它们消失了,消失在森林里。timely及时的;inappropriate不合适的;unexpected意外的;regular有规律的。根据上文“______the scenery, we barely realized the approaching danger.Then three large ______emerged from the forest: a huge mama bear with two babies.”可知,熊突然出现,所以此处说它们像意外出现一样又消失了。故选C。
13.A.awe B.shock
C.regret D.calmness
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们回到船上,沉浸在敬畏之中。awe敬畏;shock震惊;regret后悔;calmness平静。根据上文“To our surprise, the mama bear ______drank water from the river.When one baby wandered just a few steps away, she quickly ______him.Just like their ______appearance, they were gone, disappearing into the forest.”可知,作者回到船上,对熊的行为怀着敬畏之情。故选A。
14.A.astonished B.humbled
C.refreshed D.fueled
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:这次相遇让我感到谦卑,也让我的日常烦恼在地球这个更宏大的背景下显得微不足道。astonished使惊讶;humbled使谦卑;refreshed使恢复精神;fueled给……提供燃料。根据下文“making my daily concerns seem insignificant in the larger context of our planet”可知,这次经历让作者觉得自己很渺小,感到谦卑。故选B。
15.A.limitations B.responsibilities
C.advantages D.virtues
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:这次经历、恐惧以及我作为人类的局限性,永远改变了我对世界的看法。limitations局限性;responsibilities责任;advantages优势;virtues美德。根据上文“This encounter ______me, making my daily concerns seem insignificant in the larger context of our planet.”可知,作者这次遇见熊的经历,使作者感到人类的渺小和局限性。故选A。 核心素养测评
必修 第二册 Unit 5 Music
(35分钟　47.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分,满分20分)
A
(2026·泰安模拟)
A touching moment at an airport was captured in a video shared online.In the clip, a young girl in a wheelchair approached a pianist setting up to play.With a confident smile, she asked if he would like to perform together.
The pianist agreed without hesitation, asking which instrument she played.When she replied, “Cello,” excitement filled the air.Moments later, the pianist, the young cellist, and her teacher took their places on the platform, ready to create a beautiful musical collaboration.
The airport grew silent as the young girl, filled with excitement, began playing alongside the pianist.Travelers quickly gathered near the public piano, absorbed in the unexpected performance and recording the moment on their phones.
The cellist, 17-year-old Valentina, who is living with a rare muscle disease, poured her heart into the music, moving many in the crowd to tears.Even the pianist admitted he was in awe.“Music is my medicine,” Valentina shared a heartfelt message that struck a chord with everyone.The travelers witnessed the incredible power of her music.By the end, her teacher’s proud smile reflected the inspiring spirit of this extraordinary musician.
Some viewers described the performance as a shining example of humanity at its best.Many praised music’s ability to unite and heal(治愈), while the teacher’s role in making it happen earned widespread admiration.The heartfelt video touched viewers deeply, highlighting the profound impact of music and human resilience.
One commenter praised the young cellist’s talent and determination, which shone through in the emotional performance, highlighting how music can overcome physical challenges and touch people worldwide.Others reflected on music’s profound impact, explaining its ability to influence brain function and well-being in humans and other living beings.One story shared described a deer attracted by a musician’s performance, emphasizing music’s universal appeal.
【语篇属性】
语篇类型 说明文 主题语境 人与社会
语篇 内容 患罕见肌肉病的17岁轮椅女孩瓦伦蒂娜与钢琴家合奏,感动众人,展现了音乐的治愈力与人性的光辉
语篇 结构 Para.1 A girl in a wheelchair asked a pianist to perform together.
Para.2 The pianist agreed to collaborate with the young cellist.
Para.3 Airport audience gathered, captivated by the performance.
Para.4 Valentina’s music moved the crowd;the teacher was proud.
Para.5 Viewers praised music’s unity and healing power.
Para.6 Commenters highlighted music’s universal impact.
1.What did the video show
A.The airport was noisy with a lot of people around.
B.The teacher was excited to see the famous pianist.
C.The pianist was willing to cooperate with the girl.
D.The disabled girl was embarrassed to perform in public.
【解题过程】
2.How did the travelers respond to the musical cooperation
A.They were fascinated and shot the scene.
B.They complained and asked for silence.
C.They expressed admiration for Valentina’s talent.
D.They praised the teacher’s role in making it happen.
【解题过程】
3.What do we know about Valentina from the article
A.She used music to treat her illness.
B.She was empowered spiritually by music.
C.She preferred music over medical treatment.
D.She suffered from a common muscle disorder.
【解题过程】
4.Which of the following do commenters agree with
A.Music can cure people’s physical pain.
B.Cooperation is a must in performances.
C.Music has a force of healing and appeal.
D.Teachers are crucial in training talents.
【解题过程】
B
Helms Ategeka wants to be a pop star. But when he told his dad he planned to go after a music degree after his graduation next month from high school, his father wasn’t exactly excited.
So last fall, the Oakland, California, teenager took a different approach. He started applying to colleges. More than 150 of them. Before long, he got an acceptance letter. Then another. And another. The trickle(细流) became a flood until there were 122 of them—along with some $5.3 million in scholarship offers.
His father says he’s proud of Helms’ 3.94 GPA and had hoped his son would pick a career with financial stability, like medicine or computer technology. But as he watched the mountain of acceptance letters in his son’s room get bigger with every mail delivery, Chris Ategeka’s hope disappeared.
“He’s so confident that music is what he wants to do. It would be wrong for me to try to guide him otherwise...That’s why he applied to many colleges to prove a point,” Chris says. “I told him, ‘You want to be a musician It takes a lot of hard work.’ And his reaction was, ‘I’ll use my determination to do this to show you how hard I can work.’”
But how does an 18-year-old begin narrowing down such a massive list of options “I live for music. I spend most of my time either listening to music, making music or out there performing,” Helms says. “I feel the most alive and fulfilled when I’m doing something related to music.”
So when he started his college application journey, he had one key requirement: the school needed to have a strong music program.
Helms spent the past few months studying the websites and social media accounts of schools that accepted him. He’s watched videos of their music programs on the Internet to get a sense of where he fits in. After months of research, Helms made his choice: he will stay nearby and study music at UC Berkeley. A spokesperson for Berkeley confirmed that he’s been accepted.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述 Helms Ategeka 为追求音乐学位申请 150 多所大学,用 122 封录取信说服父亲的故事。
5.What degree does Helms Ategeka plan to pursue after graduating from high school
A.Medicine.　　　　　　B.Computer Science.
C.Music. D.Literature.
6.What did Chris focus on when choosing a career for his son
A.Secure jobs. B.Social need.
C.Personal interest. D.Family traditions.
7.What kind of person is Helms
A.Shy and quiet.
B.Generous and kind.
C.Ambitious and strict.
D.Confident and determined.
8.What is Helms expected to do at last
A.Choose a college far from home.
B.Obtain the highest scholarship.
C.Enter his ideal university.
D.Follow his father’s advice.
Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
(2026·青岛模拟)
Music is an important part of many people’s lives.It can be an enjoyable way to relax or to express emotions.　9　 Understanding how music stress works and what can bring it on can help individuals better manage it.
Music stress is a term used to describe a feeling of tension or unease that can arise from listening to or playing music.This can appear in different ways, ranging from physical reactions to mental disturbances.Music stress can be caused by many factors.　10　
For instance, certain types of music can call forth an emotional response, such as nostalgia(怀旧) or sadness.　11　 Likewise, certain kinds of noise-like music, which makes disharmonious sounds, can cause people to become overwhelmed(使不知所措).While this can be helpful for some special purposes, in some cases it can be difficult to handle and even add to stress.
In addition to being caused by musical elements, music stress can also result from the psychological context where the music is heard or played.Take those who feel overwhelmed as an example.　12　 Similarly, if someone takes listening to music as a way to escape current problems, the music can create a feeling of disappointment due to its failing to provide the desired effect.
　13　 Thus, the best way to prevent it is to ensure that the music being listened to or played is appropriate for one’s current mood and state of mind.Alternatively, if one is already feeling stressed, it may be better to focus on relaxation exercises or to take a break from music entirely.
A.This can lead to increased stress levels.
B.However, it may also lead to high stress levels.
C.Music stress is caused by a specific type of music.
D.And it can produce very specific types of reactions.
E.Music may give them the feeling that they are not in control.
F.Generally, music stress is determined by one’s mental state at the time.
G.In some ways, music stress is similar to more general experiences of stress.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是音乐压力、音乐压力产生的原因以及人们应该如何应对音乐压力。
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
(2025·南京模拟)
Eminem, whose real name is Marshall Bruce, is one of the most influential figures in America.He 　14　 his reputation in the late 1990s with his first album “The Slim Shady LP”.Eminem’s songs are often 　15　 by their fast-paced music style.
He had a poor childhood.His parents 　16　 when he was only six months old.Living with his mother, Eminem struggled with financial difficulties as a child, which was a constant source of 　17　 and uncertainty.They moved 　18　 between Kansas City and Detroit, where Eminem attended 20 different schools.Eminem grew up in poverty, 　19　 welfare and free school lunch programs.He was bullied in school, which added to his feelings of anger.
Eminem lived in the “black neighborhood” of Detroit, where he 　20　 conflict,illegal substance trade, and other 　21　 activities.He described seeing unlawful incidents in the street, which left a lasting impact on him.Despite the 　22　 environment, Detroit also provided the material for his musical 　23　.He participated in freestyle battles(即兴说唱对决) and rap scenes, which helped him develop his skills and gain 　24　.
Eminem’s growth was 　25　 by poverty, family instability, and 　26　 to violence, all of which he 　27　 into his music.His ability to transform his personal 　28　 into art has made him one of the most successful rappers in the world.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了说唱歌手Eminem的成长经历、个人背景以及他如何将个人经历转化为音乐创作灵感,最终成为世界级成功说唱歌手的故事。
14.A.deserved　　　　　　　B.established
C.maintained D.improved
15.A.characterized B.controlled
C.affected D.interpreted
16.A.died B.separated
C.disappeared D.quarreled
17.A.stress B.thrill
C.regret D.guilt
18.A.slowly B.frequently
C.smoothly D.regularly
19.A.taking on B.working on
C.acting on D.relying on
20.A.reported B.undertook
C.witnessed D.prevented
21.A.criminal B.daily
C.outdoor D.musical
22.A.unfamiliar B.awesome
C.stable D.tough
23.A.class B.tradition
C.career D.value
24.A.entry B.trust
C.independence D.recognition
25.A.suspended B.measured
C.marked D.limited
26.A.adaptation B.exposure
C.commitment D.solution
27.A.forced B.turned
C.channeled D.sliced
28.A.achievements B.struggles
C.feelings D.interests
语法填空
(2025·泰州模拟)
Tyrus Wong arrived in San Francisco from China in 1920 as 1.________ 9-year-old who loved calligraphy.By the late 1930s, he was working for Disney, on his way to 2.________(become) one of America’s greatest immigrant success stories.In his long and varied career, Wong developed a pioneering style, achieving brilliance in 3.________(profession) such as painting, illustration, and even kite making.4.________ the cornerstone of his legendary status remains his design work for the 1942 film Bambi.Inspired by the simplicities of Song dynasty landscapes, Wong’s influence on Bambi revealed, perhaps for the first time, 5.________ an animated feature film could rise to high art.
Karen Fang, author of Background Artist: The Life and Work of Tyrus Wong, had been planning the book ever since Wong died in 2016, at the age of 106.
6.________ Fang describes vividly in the book, Wong “had this famous fine arts career before he went into commercial art”. Wong seemed 7.________(draw) little distinction between the two, at least in terms of the artistry he brought 8.________ every project.Certainly he poured himself into his distinctive Christmas cards, which combined Western traditions with Eastern aesthetic minimalism.These cards, even more than Bambi, brought him true 9.________(nation) fame for the first time.
Wong’s genius 10.________(integrate) the simplicity of Chinese brushstrokes with the rhythm of California modernity.He channeled his optimism and talent to become, quietly, one of the greatest unsung American artists of the 20th century.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了旅美华人艺术家黄齐耀(Tyrus Wong)的职业生涯,包括他在迪士尼的工作、对电影《小鹿斑比》的设计贡献、多元艺术领域的成就及其融合中西方艺术风格的独特才华。核心素养测评
必修 第二册 Unit 4 History and Traditions
(35分钟　47.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分,满分20分)
A
(2026·江西模拟)
“A man does not know his true identity when he does not know the background of where he comes from,” says Paul Ninson, a Ghanaian photojournalist.Here in New York, thousands of miles from Ghana, he found numerous visual images of life in Africa, past and present, in the archives(档案室) of the city’s libraries, galleries and museums.This led to an idea: create a library of photobooks in Ghana to bring the African story home.
Deeply influenced by his grandparents’ storytelling traditions, Ninson decided to pursue a career in photography.He left Ghana in 2019 to seek a formal education in photojournalism at the International Center of Photography in New York City (NYC).There, he read the center’s hundreds of photobooks while in Ghana, he only had access to five or six of such books.As he ventured deeper into the city, he discovered more visual histories of Africa than he had experienced at home.This led to his idea to create a library in Africa that held such stories.
With characteristic determination, Ninson began searching New York City for books to ship to Ghana.He searched secondhand stores, engaged in online bidding wars and reached out for publishers’ donations.He maxed out credit cards and filled his apartment with over 30,000 volumes.With the help from a friend Brandon Stanton, a GoFundMe campaign raised $1.2 million, enabling shipment of the collection to Ghana.
In December 2022, the local library Dikan Center opened near the Gulf of Guinea.It offers free public access to photobooks documenting Africa’s past and present.Beyond its collection, Dikan Center provides workshops, fellowships, and seminars on visual storytelling, empowering a new generation to reshape Africa’s narrative.Local artist Daniella Afful sees Dikan Center as transformative: “It has boosted art and photography, giving hope for preserving our history and making history.”
【语篇属性】
语篇类型 新闻报道 主题语境 人与社会
语篇 内容 本文主要说明了加纳摄影记者保罗·尼森(Paul Ninson)在加纳创立迪坎中心的故事
语篇 结构 Para.1 Ninson got the idea to build a Ghana photobook library in New York archives.
Para.2 Ninson’s NYC study inspired his library idea.
Para.3 Ninson collected books via efforts and funding.
Para.4 Dikan Center opened in 2022, offering photobooks and workshops.
1.What inspired Ninson to build a photobook library
A.His interest in history books.
B.His fancy of New York libraries.
C.His ambition to make a fortune.
D.His desire to bring Africa culture back home.
【解题过程】
2.Why did Ninson go to New York in 2019
A.To raise money for a library building.
B.To improve himself as a photographer.
C.To seek his family roots and traditions.
D.To collect books about African history.
【解题过程】
3.What can we learn from Paragraph 3
A.Ninson was involved in a war.
B.Ninson used his own money to pay for books.
C.Brandon Stanton donated some books to him.
D.African government arranged to ship the books back.
【解题过程】
4.What can be inferred about the library from Daniella Afful’s words
A.It provides more job opportunities.
B.It has transformed people’s hobbies.
C.It is helpful to preserve local history.
D.It is widely welcomed by the natives.
【解题过程】
B
(2026·沧州模拟)
Palaces are known for their beauty and splendor, but they offer little protection against attacks.It is easy to defend a fortress(堡垒), but fortresses are not designed with the comfort of a king or queen in mind.When it comes to structures that are both fancy and well-defended, the classic European castle is the best example of design.Across the ages, castles changed, developed, and eventually fell out of use, but they still command the fascination of our culture.
Castles were built in England by Norman invaders in 1066.As William the Conqueror advanced through England, he defended key positions to secure the land he had taken.The castles he built allowed the Norman lords to draw back to safety when threatened by English rebellion(叛乱).Castles also served as bases of operation for offensive attacks.Soldiers were gathered, organized around, and deployed(部署) from castles.In this way castles served both offensive and defensive roles in military operations.
Not limited to military(军事的) purposes, castles also served as offices from which the lord would administer control over his kingdom.That is to say, the lord of the land would hold court in his castle.Those that were socially beneath the lord would come to report the affairs of the lands that they governed and pay tribute to the lord.They would address conflicts, handle business, feast, and enjoy festivities, In this way castles served as important social centers in medieval England.Castles also served as symbols of power.Built on important and noticeable sites overlooking the surrounding areas, castles always appeared in the background of many peasants and served as a daily reminder of the lord’s strength.
Now, castles no longer serve their original purposes.However, the remaining castles receive millions of visitors each year from those who wish to experience the glory of a time long passed.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了欧洲城堡兼具华丽与防御功能,历经演变后虽不再用于原用途,但仍吸引众多游客。
5.How does the author introduce the topic of the text
A.By making an assumption.
B.By giving an example.
C.By making comparison.
D.By giving a definition.
6.Why did William the Conqueror build castles
A.He wanted to celebrate his victory.
B.He wanted to remind people of his influence.
C.He wanted to live peacefully with the English.
D.He wanted to use them to his military advantage.
7.Which of the following is a way the lord would adopt to show his power
A.Dealing with conflicts in his castle.
B.Building his castle in an obvious place.
C.Carrying out social activities in his castle.
D.Ordering peasants to live near his castle.
8.What attracts people to visit castles today
A.The history.
B.The architecture.
C.The beauty.
D.The surroundings.
Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
(2025·襄阳模拟)
Have you ever thought about the origins of mathematics Interestingly, unlike man-made inventions such as light bulbs or computers, mathematics isn’t something that was invented by someone.　9　 And its discovery can’t even be attributed to one person.Instead, mathematics developed gradually over thousands of years through the contributions of many people!
　10　 No one can know for sure, but we can use our imaginations to think about how mathematics might have gotten its start.For example, if we go all the way back to prehistoric humans gathering peaches to eat, we can imagine how this basic task probably gave rise to a need for math.If you and your prehistoric friend gathered a basket full of peaches, you’d probably agree to divide them evenly(平均地).First, you’d need to know how many peaches you gathered.That means you’d need to count them.You might first need to come up with names for the basic units of measurement.　11　
Similarly, division might have originated from the need to divide that pile of peaches.　12　 And scientists believe that many basic mathematical functions, such as addition and multiplication appeared thousands of years ago in various areas at the same time, including China, India, Mesopotamia, and Egypt.
More advanced mathematics is traced to ancient Greece over 2,500 years ago.　13　 Since then, mathematical findings have inspired later mathematicians and scientists to build on predecessors’ work, continuously broadening our comprehension of mathematics and its connection to the world.
A.How did it get started
B.When was it discovered
C.It’s really more of a discovery.
D.They were the first to discover the basics of mathematics.
E.Around this time, mathematics first became an organized science.
F.This might be how counting and the earliest numbers came about.
G.In fact, many mathematical principles were developed to meet practical needs.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了数学的起源和发展,强调了它不是个人发明,而是通过数千年的积累和多地区文化的贡献逐渐形成的知识体系。
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
(2026·聊城模拟)
Years ago, my father’s memory began to be affected by Alzheimer’s disease.In an effort to reconnect him with his past, I started 　14　 the forgotten corners of our old house.On an old bookshelf, I found a(n) 　15　 but carefully kept datebook.
Though it was just a promotional gift my dad had received, its pages were filled with the 　16　 of his everyday life: reminders of tasks, social engagements, meetings and so on.Each page seemed to show an aspect of his life that I had never fully 　17　.One entry, dated July 22, was highlighted with “7:30 program, Community Hall”.I was particularly 　18　 to work out its meaning.
Through 　19　 with some family friends later, I learned that Dad once 　20　 a community project.It served disadvantaged families who had difficulty 　21　 costs of holiday entertainment.As the leader, Dad managed to provide 　22　 and shared entertainment programs to help enrich community people’s lives.
The realization of Dad’s 　23　 left me with admiration.While I didn’t organize large-scale events, I found my own way to 　24　 his goodness.I suggested using his datebook as a conversation starter for our family gatherings, which was 　25　 welcomed.The practice of sharing stories from the datebook proved to be an amazing way to 　26　 our family members.In the days that followed, the 　27　 atmosphere in our home gradually lifted my father’s spirits.Dad might be unable to win his fight against the disease, yet his kindness and passion for life have become a key part of our family’s shared 　28　.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在父亲患阿尔茨海默病后,发现其旧日程本,了解到他曾做的善举后,传承其善良,温暖了家庭。
14.A.cleaning　　　　　　B.introducing
C.exploring D.repairing
15.A.expensive B.boring
C.valuable D.ordinary
16.A.issues B.details
C.results D.thoughts
17.A.expressed B.refused
C.admitted D.appreciated
18.A.eager B.upset
C.hesitant D.confident
19.A.plans B.conversations
C.celebrations D.travels
20.A.mentioned B.researched
C.advertised D.pioneered
21.A.counting B.covering
C.sharing D.spending
22.A.costly B.professional
C.affordable D.adventurous
23.A.reason B.struggle
C.impact D.popularity
24.A.honor B.trust
C.awaken D.judge
25.A.hardly B.quietly
C.suddenly D.universally
26.A.treat B.help
C.connect D.challenge
27.A.lively B.strange
C.peaceful D.tense
28.A.secrets B.memories
C.surprises D.contributions
语法填空
(2025·苏州模拟)
In a workshop in Yingshan County, central China, German scholar Fabian Schrodt carefully pressed paper onto inked clay(黏土) blocks, 1.________(recreate) an 11th-century invention from ancient China—Bi Sheng’s movable type printing.
His hands-on experience at the Bi Sheng Memorial Hall brought to life the ingenuity of the Song Dynasty inventor.Bi Sheng’s clay-type system, which predated(早于) German printer Johannes Gutenberg’s metal press 2.________ 400 years, 3.________(recognize) as the earliest recorded movable type printing in human history.
Thousands of miles away in Mainz, Germany, visitors to the Gutenberg Museum have also encountered a similar sense of historic 4.________(innovate).
While Gutenberg’s 15th-century metal type printing press famously 5.________(revolutionize) Europe, Ulf S lter, director of Mainz’s Gutenberg Museum, acknowledges an 6.________(early) pioneer.“Bi and Gutenberg’s inventions were conceptually similar—namely, breaking down individual works into their individual components—but Bi came up with 7.________ idea long before Gutenberg,” said S lter.
For Schrodt, who spent an afternoon learning from Wang Kui—an intangible cultural inheritor of Bi’s movable type printing—such preservation is extremely 8.________(value).“Technological advancements can lead to a degradation(退化) of collective knowledge,” Schrodt noted.“Wang’s dedication to 9.________(preserve) Bi’s legacy serves a crucial purpose: ensuring that humanity does not reach a point 10.________ we possess the technology for interstellar travel but cannot rebuild it once lost, simply because no one knows how.”
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了德国学者法比安·施罗德特在中国英山县体验毕昇活字印刷术的经历,对比了毕昇活字印刷术与古腾堡印刷术的异同,以及保护这一古老技艺传承的意义。

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