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深圳实验学校高中园与惠东高级中学2024-2025学年高一下学期第二阶段联考(期中)英语试题
一、从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．Sherlock Holmes remains one of the most significant ____________ in detective fiction, who gains popularity all over the world.
A．figures B．features C．authors D．symbols
2．The new marketing strategy proved highly ____________, increasing sales by 30% in the last three months.
A．creative B．ordinary C．effective D．annoyed
3．Online courses provide a ____________ way to learn, adapting to different time zones and lifestyles.
A．flexible B．complex C．sensitive D．frank
4．Despite her young age, the pianist proved ____________ of performing Chopin's most complex études (练习曲).
A．typical B．aware C．capable D．previous
5．Shenzhen's ____________ and dynamic nightlife reflects its young demographic (人口结构) — over 60% of residents are under 35.
A．mental B．peaceful C．energetic D．independent
6．Many young graduates feel ____________ about AI replacing jobs — a concern that reached its highest point during this year's graduation season.
A．scared B．excited C．positive D．loose
7．Tourists ____________ that overcrowding ruined their Qingming Festival experience at the scenic spot last week.
A．ignored B．celebrated C．complained D．resolved
8．She refused to cheat on the test because it went against her moral ____________.
A．contributions B．principles C．responses D．memories
9．He was too ____________ in the discussion and was unwilling to voice his opinions.
A．talkative B．brilliant C．passive D．original
10．The ____________ of this ancient tradition dates back to over 1,000 years ago.
A．virtue B．adjustment C．moment D．origin
11．____________ with a difficult situation, the young man walked slowly into the room, glanced around nervously, and finally ____________ a deep breath before starting his speech.
A．Facing; took B．Facing; taking
C．Faced; taking D．Faced; took
12．The musician, together with his band members, ________ ten performances in the last three months.
A．gives B．has given C．have given D．give
13．The research team _________ the effects of sleep shortage on memory since last year, but they _________ any results yet.
A．has studied; didn't find B．studied; haven't found
C．has been studying; haven't found D．had studied; hadn't found
14．A big fire broke out in a supermarket which was crowded with many people, __________ many deaths of customers and heavy losses.
A．having resulted in B．resulted in
C．resulting in D．to result in
15．The mother wore a _____________ smile after seeing her sick son finally ____________.
A．relieved; cured B．relieving; curing
C．relieved; curing D．relief; cured
16．The proposal ______ at tomorrow's meeting focuses on policies ______ carbon emissions.
A．discussed; reducing B．to be discussed; to reduce
C．being discussed; reduced D．having discussed; reduce
17．When he woke up，he found himself _________ in the street and surrounded by a group of children.
A．lie B．lying C．lay D．laying
18．The writer, ______ latest novel won several awards, will visit our school next month.
A．whose B．who C．which D．whom
19．There was a time ______I hated going to the cinema, but now the local cinema ______I often go has become my favorite place.
A．that; which B．which; where C．when; where D．when; which
20．The town ______ we visited last month is the one _______ the famous artist was born.
A．where; which B．where; where C．that; which D．that; where
二、A
This is where you can explore unknown and the most interesting facts about our living planet, the universe, and people's lifestyles. Here are some top unmissable festivals from around the world.
Rio Carnival, Brazil
It is a five-day festival which takes place forty days before Easter. Rio de Janeiro has earned its title as the Carnival capital of the world with its famous samba dancing, colourful eye-catching clothes and live music.
Holi Festival, India
Holi is a Hindu spring festival, also known as the "festival of colours". It is a sign of the victory of good over evil, the end of winter, and the arrival of spring. Starting with a nighttime bonfire where people gather, sing and dance, Holi is celebrated the next day by people throwing coloured powder and water at each other.
St. Patrick's Day, Ireland
Held on March 17 every year, it is a celebration to mark the death of Ireland's patron saint (守护神) Saint Patrick. Since 1996, an entire festival of parades, fireworks as well as food and drinks has surrounded the celebration. Enjoy traditional songs and dances, watch musical street theatre shows and get dressed in all green as you celebrate Irish heritage (遗产) and culture.
Burning Man Festival, United States
As a week-long event at the end of August in the Black Rock Desert of Nevada, it attracts tens of thousands of people from all over the world each year. Tickets to Burning Man are not cheap. But once you're there, you will surely have an unforgettable experience. The main event is burning a large wooden statue (雕像) on Saturday night, followed by a big dance party that lasts all night long.
21．Which of the following is NOT presented on St. Patrick's Day
A．Traditional songs and dances. B．Street theatre performances.
C．Traditional art shows. D．Green clothes.
22．Which festival lasts the longest in celebration
A．Rio Carnival. B．Holi Festival.
C．St. Patrick's Day. D．Burning Man Festival.
23．What do the festivals have in common
A．There is no need to buy tickets.
B．People are all dressed in traditional clothes.
C．Dance is a common way to celebrate.
D．They centre on specific religious customs.
三、B
By the middle of the last decade, I had been studying Indian Butterflies for over 20 years. However, I had never observed butterflies at high altitudes in the trans-Himalayan habitat. So, in 2015, I decided to visit Ladakh to search for butterflies.
My first "butterflying" visit to Ladakh was in June 2016, then in July of the same year, followed by another visit in August 2018. For these visits, I charted out a two-week schedule on each occasion. I covered some of the well-known locations.
Each habitat we explored had its unique mix of butterfly species. By trickling streams and wet areas, we found Small and Dusky Green Underwings, along with numerous Meadowblues, all part of the Blues family. In alpine meadows, countless white and yellow butterflies from the Yellows and Whites family fluttered (翩翩飞舞) about. More than once, I'd spot a white or yellow butterfly flying across the meadow, and chase after it, only to find myself out of breath in Ladakh's thin air while the butterfly gracefully flew away. Once, I chased a Butler's Dwarf butterfly for 15 minutes, managing only a few photos before it disappeared. Another time, I spotted dozens of Clouded Yellow butterflies in an alpine meadow. I spent half an hour chasing them, only for them to fly away each time.
Over the course of multiple visits to Ladakh for butterfly observation, I've had the remarkable opportunity to photograph more than 40 "lifers" — species I encountered for the very first time. These discoveries have added valuable knowledge to the field and led to the publication of two research papers in the "Journal of Threatened Taxa."
In addition to this, partnered with the Snow Leopard Conservancy to create a small booklet showcasing 50 butterfly species found in Ladakh, with the goal of raising awareness and promoting butterfly watching as a unique and sustainable activity. This initiative aims to inspire both locals and tourists to explore the rich biodiversity of the region, while fostering a greater appreciation for Ladakh's delicate ecosystems.
24．Why did the author decide to visit Ladakh
A．To survey butterflies at high altitudes.
B．To search for butterfly habitats.
C．To carry out a travel schedule.
D．To recommend tourist attractions.
25．Which best describes the author's chasing butterflies
A．Challenging and fascinating. B．Scary and exciting.
C．Embarrassing and amusing. D．Dangerous and interesting.
26．What is the author's purpose of making a booklet
A．To document insect species in India.
B．To encourage eco-aware exploration.
C．To promote local tourism in Ladakh.
D．To compare butterfly research findings.
27．What is the best title for the text
A．Uniqueness of Butterflies B．A Fascinating Journey
C．Biodiversity in Ladakh D．A Fluttering Discovery
四、C
The sounds of rain, birdsong, or the wind rustling leaves in the forest are all part of the music of nature. These sounds can fire emotions and promote calm. That's why tracks of nature have been used in so many songs like "Blackbird" by the Beatles.
Now, Sounds Right, an initiative from the Museum for the United Nations is cooperating with Spotify and other streaming platforms to recognize nature as a musician. This means that nature can be paid royalties (版税) that can be made use of when it comes to environmental causes and conservation. This new initiative allows artists who use environmental sounds to credit "Nature" as a featured artist and share the royalties.
"It's a way of saying to artists, We all use sounds like seagulls, waves and wind. Why don't we pay nature a royalty " said Brian Eno, who remixed his collaboration Get Real with David Bowie. "Hopefully, it'll be a river, or a torrent, or a flood of royalties — and then what we do is distribute that among groups of people who are working on projects to help us deal with the future."
Other artists who contributed songs for the project include Tom Walker and Ellie Goulding, MO, and alternative music star Aurora who is releasing a new song, "A Soul With No King", that includes the sounds of a forest in her native Norway. "I feel like music that has the ability to make contact with nature seem appealing again," she said, "because, somewhere deep inside our soul, we are really yearning for it."
While there has been a long debate on whether streaming contributes to harmful emissions, giving nature credit and royalties can turn streaming to the right side of climate action. This project is just one of a growing movement to give nature legal rights and could restore the weak relationship between humans and the environment.
28．Why does the author mention the Beatles in the first paragraph
A．To prove the key role of nature in music.
B．To show the influence of music on nature.
C．To emphasize the importance of musicians.
D．To tell the inspiration for the new initiative.
29．What will the royalties for nature be used for
A．Human health. B．Musical activities.
C．Environmental protection. D．The entertainment industry.
30．What does the underlined phrase "yearning for" in paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Recording. B．Desiring. C．Singing. D．Interpreting.
31．What does the author indicate at last
A．The new initiative still deserves praising.
B．Streaming does great harm to the environment.
C．More projects are needed to fight climate change.
D．Humans have been living in harmony with nature.
五、D
A parasocial relationship （PSR）is generally defined as a relationship in which one member of the relationship isn't aware of the other — for example, a fan loves a celebrity, but the celebrity doesn't know they exist.
The term "parasocial relationships" first appeared in the 1950s, when psychologists tried to understand how television viewers reacted to TV personalities speaking to them directly out of the screen. Later in the 70s and 80s, scholars began to assume that forming parasocial relationships was driven by loneliness. However, not-lonely people are just as likely to form a connection with that person on the screen. As fandoms（粉丝圈）became more visible throughout the latter half of the 20th century, parasocial relationships became associated with youth and immaturity.
It's true that adolescents particularly tend to develop intense parasocial relationships because it can be a chance to practice real adult feelings on someone at a safe distance. But digital interaction complicates these natural relationships. Since the rise of social media, the phenomenon of parasocial relationships has been hugely amplified（放大）. The traditional arrangement of PSRs, where the fan has no actual contact with a celebrity, is visibly changed by our new means of communication — a celebrity might see a fan's message or even reply.
When fans are gaining access to the celebrity through social media posts, it increases the feeling of closeness. People think they really have more of a relationship than they do. Online fandoms, especially large ones full of adolescents with strong emotions can generate bad behavior among adults. Behavior that might have been limited to one person or a few people might be, thanks to social media, given the chance to spread. "There's a sort of echo chamber effect（回声室效应）where people convince themselves, ‘everyone agrees with me and therefore we are all right in our approach,'" says Gayle Stever, the author of Parasocial Experiences.
Parasocial relationships are natural and not inherently （固有地）unhealthy. But as Stever says, "Anything that can be true about a regular social relationship can be true about a parasocialrel ationship."
32．Which aspect of parasocial relationships does paragraph 2 talk about
A．Their features. B．Their development.
C．Their forms. D．Their influence.
33．How has social media changed parasocial relationships
A．Most online users are adolescents.
B．Fans can meet celebrities in person.
C．PSRs become more common among fans.
D．Fans can interact with celebrities online.
34．Why does Stever mention the echo chamber effect in her book
A．To explain how behavior spreads in online fandoms.
B．To prove that fans are easily persuaded by others.
C．To illustrate the reasons why fans' actions are right.
D．To stress the fact that Stever's book is important.
35．What is the writer's attitude towards parasocial relationships
A．Approving. B．Negative. C．Unclear. D．Objective.
六、E
LignoSat, the world's first satellite made mostly from wood, reached the International Space Station (ISS) aboard a SpaceX cargo capsule on November 5, 2024. The palm-sized satellite, named after the Latin word for "wood", will be launched from the ISS into Earth's orbit later this month. Its mission is to determine if wood can resist the harsh conditions of space. If successful, LignoSat could pave the way for more environmentally friendly spacecraft designs.
The LignoSat Space Wood Project is led by Japan's Kyoto University. The researchers began by sending a small panel containing three different wood samples to the ISS in 2022. The panel was exposed to space for ten months before being returned to Earth in early 2023. After analyzing the results, the team picked wood from magnolia trees for the satellite.
"Nobody had ever thought about using wood for rocket science before," said Professor Koji Murata of Kyoto University. "Many engineers thought wood was old technology and couldn't be applied to cutting-edge technology."
The main reason for testing a wooden satellite is to reduce space junk. Current satellites are primarily made of aluminum. The metal reacts with oxygen when the satellites burn up in Earth's atmosphere at the end of their life cycle. This process releases aluminum oxide particles, potentially damaging the ozone layer. Wooden satellites, which leave behind only water and carbon dioxide, could help alleviate this issue.
"All the satellites that re-enter the Earth's atmosphere burn and create tiny alumina particles, which will float in the upper atmosphere for many years," said Takao Doi, an aerospace engineer. "Eventually, it will affect the environment of the Earth."
Researchers also see a future where trees could be grown on the Moon and Mars. Successfully testing a wooden satellite will demonstrate that wood can withstand harsh space conditions.
LignoSat will orbit the Earth for six months, gathering valuable data before burning up in the atmosphere. Murata and his team aim to use this information to design larger and more advanced wooden satellites and devices.
36．What is the main task of the LignoSat satellite
A．To provide supplies for the ISS.
B．To determine the endurance of the wood in space.
C．To test the circling capability of wooden satellites.
D．To confirm the size of the wooden satellite in space.
37．Which decision is made based on experimental results
A．Deciding the exposure time of the trial panel.
B．Sending different wood samples into space.
C．Selecting magnolia wood as the satellite material.
D．Cooperating with Kyoto University on the project.
38．What is the main environmental advantage of wooden satellites
A．They can be repurposed through recycling.
B．They will not release aluminum oxide particles.
C．They can control the amount of space waste overall.
D．They can be obtained as building materials in space.
39．What is the author's purpose in writing the article
A．To describe the process of making the LignoSat satellite.
B．To discuss the potential environmental impact of wooden satellites.
C．To illustrate the practicality and meaning of using wooden satellites.
D．To compare the features of wooden satellites and aluminum satellites.
七、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Your Path to Emotional Maturity
Emotions play a critical part in life. In order to grow and be better than before, you must learn to be emotionally intelligent. Let's explore some powerful strategies to help you become emotionally mature!
Try using "I" statements
Whenever you feel hurt, you need to tell others your feelings in a considerate way. The best way to do this is by using "I" statements instead of "You" statements. For example, you should use the statement: "I feel miserable and heartbroken" instead of "You make me feel miserable and heartbroken".　40． 　
Own your feelings
If you want to change yourself, start with taking ownership of your feelings. However, in some situations, instead of owning your feelings, you tend to deflect (转移) them and make others feel guilty about how you are feeling.　41． 　 Embrace them as a part of yourself because they are a part of you, right
　42． 　
People interact with us like we are mind readers sometimes; this happens mostly in relationships. Your partner would want you to know exactly what they want and when they want it; this can be extremely annoying. Just as you aren't a mind reader, others aren't either. You need to share your needs with the other person, and they need to do the same with you.
Mind your actions and words
Often, you say a lot when you are emotional, especially when you are angry.　43． 　 You need to mind whatever you say and do; this can either make the other person love or hate you. The strategy in a stressful situation is to focus on yourself instead of focusing on others; this will calm you down instantly.
Always question your thoughts
Actions and words have the same importance; this is what I need you to understand. In some situations, your loved ones could be hurting you through their words or their actions, and you could also be wrong.　44． 　 What happens in more than 70% of situations is that you let negative thoughts take hold of you; this is completely wrong.
A. Attempt to be mind readers.
B. Communicate your needs.
C. You'd better not let negative thoughts question your judgment.
D. Thus, rather than dump them on others, learn to take charge of your feelings.
E. The approach is non-aggressive and describes you as emotionally mature.
F. If not controlled, it can have severe consequences, especially in your relationship.
G. Let's say that you get into a fight with your partner, and you also get hurt.
八、阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was a cold January school day in South Carolina. Despite the icy wind, the middle school students were 45． about their tasks — a two-week design thinking project which 46． to design and build a home for homeless people by using shipping pallets (托盘).
Working outside in this 47． weather was tough. 48． , the students were inspired to complete the project because they sincerely hoped to 49． the homeless. Some were moving pallets. Others were studying the blueprints of the tiny house being built, 50． what they had learned in math class.
As I assisted some students in 51． a heavy section of pallet-constructed wall, I glanced over at Luca, whose eyes were filled with 52． . "Never in my life did I think I can build a house for the homeless, Mr. Riddle, and we're just kids! This is 53． !"
Two weeks. That was it. Through tapping into the learning potential of design thinking, our students 54． more knowledge in those two weeks than they ever would have in a classroom. To 55． this task, they developed a deep understanding of the issue that came from both "head knowledge" and "heart knowledge". 56． by what they had learned, they believed that they could make a 57． .
At the end of our design 58． , Luca's mother approached me to discuss her son's work. She was glad to have her kid 59． such a crazy school.
45．A．confused B．worried C．excited D．curious
46．A．promised B．aimed C．urged D．allowed
47．A．mild B．hot C．snowy D．freezing
48．A．Otherwise B．Moreover C．However D．Therefore
49．A．help B．visit C．meet D．inspire
50．A．ignoring B．using C．remembering D．copying
51．A．tearing down B．holding up C．picking out D．clearing away
52．A．sadness B．admiration C．desire D．wonder
53．A．silly B．amazing C．risky D．boring
54．A．exchanged B．updated C．gained D．forgot
55．A．finish B．prepare C．delay D．refuse
56．A．Surrounded B．Motivated C．Attracted D．Shaken
57．A．difference B．living C．fame D．profit
58．A．examination B．invention C．challenge D．discovery
59．A．attend B．escape C．comment D．reject
九、第二节 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China's self-developed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner has entered mass production,　60． 　 (break) long-standing foreign technological monopoly (垄断).　61． 　 (develop) by researchers from the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (SIAT), the device has been used at Peking University Shenzhen Hospital.
Li Ye, deputy director at the Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, SIAT, said, "The old MRI process was like taking　62． 　 (photo), through which the image　63． 　 (take) one by one. If the target moves a little, the final image will become indistinct. Now,　64． 　 such a fast imaging technology, the process is like making movies. We don't need to worry about a moving tissue, as we can see how it moves when it does."
SIAT's success lies in governmental input and early-stage industrial integration. In 2022, the institute　65． 　 (receive) 3.3 billion yuan (about $458 million) in funding — 17 percent from fixed funds from governmental departments. Mentioning the industrial integration, Guo Wanda, the executive head of SIAT, said that their researchers and entrepreneurs are often based in the same building　66． 　 they can discuss new products or developments directly.
Thanks to such a flexible working style, SIAT has also developed high-end devices other　67． 　 the MRI instrument, such as non-invasive ultrasound elastography that can provide　68． 　 (time) screening for liver and breast diseases, and major ultrasound neuromodulation devices developed　69． 　 (provide) treatment for Parkinson's disease, epilepsy and Alzheimer's disease which have begun clinical trials.
十、第四部分 写作 (满分20分)
70．假定你是李华，对校园里发生的小小善举深有感触。请你写一篇短文向学校英语天地专栏投稿。内容包括：
1.简述一个善举；
2.产生影响；
3.个人倡议。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The Power of Small Acts of Kindness
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答案解析部分
1．【答案】A
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：夏洛克·福尔摩斯仍然是侦探小说中最重要的角色之一，他在全世界都很受欢迎。A. figures人物；角色；B. features特征；C. authors作者；D. symbols符号；象征。根据"Sherlock Holmes remains one of the most significant"可知，夏洛克 福尔摩斯是侦探小说中非常重要的角色。故选A。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：要仔细阅读题目，理解题干的意思。确定题目是在询问某个特定场景或语境下应该使用哪个名词。仔细分析每个选项的词义，确保对每个名词的含义有准确的理解。注意区分近义词之间的细微差别。确保所选名词与题目要求的词性相符。有时题目可能要求选择名词的复数形式或所有格形式，因此要注意名词的形态变化。
2．【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：新的营销策略被证明非常有效，过去三个月的销售额增加了30%。A. creative有创造力的；B. ordinary普通的；C. effective有效的；D. annoyed恼怒的。根据"increasing sales by 30% in the last three months"可知，新的营销策略被证明非常有效。故选C。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：结合上下文，理解句子语境，把握形容词在其中的具体含义和用法。注意形容词与其他词汇之间的逻辑关系，如并列、转折、因果等。注意情感色彩，形容词往往带有一定的情感色彩，如褒义、贬义或中性。在解题时，要注意形容词所表达的情感色彩是否与句子或段落的整体氛围相符。
3．【答案】A
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：在线课程提供了一种灵活的学习方式，适应不同的时区和生活方式。A. flexible灵活的；B. complex复杂的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. frank坦率的。根据句中的adapting to different time zones and lifestyles可知，在线课程可根据时区和生活方式灵活调整，所以，空格处应该用形容词flexible。故选A。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：首先，要识别出题目是在考察形容词辨析，明确解题方向。仔细阅读题干，确保理解句子的整体意思和形容词在句子中的作用。对每个选项中的形容词有一个基本的了解，知道它们的基本含义和常用搭配。注意形容词之间的细微差别，包括词义轻重、侧重点、感彩等。这些差别往往决定了形容词在特定语境中的适用性。
4．【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管年纪轻轻，这位钢琴家已被证明有能力演奏肖邦最复杂的曲调。A. typical典型的；有代表性的；B. aware意识到的；C. capable有能力的；D. previous以前的；先前的。根据"Despite her young age,"可知，尽管这位钢琴家年纪小，但能演奏肖邦最复杂的练习曲，be capable of表示"有能力做"。故选C。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：在题干中寻找与形容词相关的关键词，如名词、动词、副词等，这些词汇会提供形容词使用的上下文。理解句子的整体含义，确保所选形容词能够准确表达句子的意思。
5．【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：深圳充满活力的夜生活反映了它的年轻人口——超过60%的居民年龄在35岁以下。A. mental精神的；脑力的；B. peaceful和平的；平静的；C. energetic充满活力的；精力充沛的；D. independent独立的。根据"dynamic"可知，深圳充满活力的夜生活反映了它的年轻人口。故选C。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：通读题干，明确句子语境和逻辑关系。分析选项，区分形容词词义、搭配及级别。排除干扰，排除与语境不符或搭配错误的选项。验证答案，代入选项，检查是否符合逻辑和语法。
6．【答案】A
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：许多年轻的毕业生对人工智能取代工作感到恐惧——这种担忧在今年的毕业季达到了顶峰。A. scared恐惧的；B. excited兴奋的，激动的；C. positive积极的；D. loose零散的，宽松的。根据"a concern"可知，此处指"许多年轻的毕业生对人工智能取代工作感到恐惧"，故选A。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：制作形容词词义对比表，将易混淆形容词按词义、搭配、感彩分类整理。语境填空练习，通过完形填空或句子改写，强化语境适配能力。
7．【答案】C
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：游客们抱怨说，拥挤的人群破坏了他们上周在景区的清明体验。A. ignored忽视，不理会；B. celebrated庆祝；C. complained抱怨；D. resolved解决；决定。根据"overcrowding ruined their Qingming Festival experience at the scenic spot last week."可知，过度拥挤破坏了清明节在景区的体验，游客会对此抱怨。故选C。【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：动词辨析题要求考生从提供的选项中选择最合适的动词填入句子中，使句子意思通顺、语法正确。解题时，首先要仔细阅读题干，理解句子的整体意思和语境。然后，逐一分析选项，注意动词的时态、语态、语气以及搭配等。最后，选出最符合语境和语法的动词。
8．【答案】B
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：她拒绝在考试中作弊，因为这违背了她的道德准则。A. contributions贡献；B. principles原则，准则；C. responses回应，反应；D. memories记忆。根据"She refused to cheat on the test"可知，她拒绝作弊是因为这违背她的道德原则。故选B。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：分析名词与题干中其他词语的搭配关系，确保所选名词与题干中的动词、形容词或介词等词语能够合理搭配。将每个选项代入题干中，结合语境进行推理判断。
9．【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他在讨论中太被动了，不愿发表自己的意见。A. talkative健谈的；B. brilliant杰出的；C. passive被动的，消极的；D. original最初的，独创的。根据句中的unwilling to voice his opinions可知，他在讨论中很被动，导致不愿发声，所以空格处应该用形容词passive。故选C。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：仔细阅读句子及上下文，寻找与形容词相关的线索，如描述的对象、事件的发展、情感态度等，从而确定最符合语境的形容词。分析句子中各部分之间的逻辑关系，如因果关系、转折关系、并列关系等，根据逻辑关系来选择合适的形容词。
10．【答案】D
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这一古老传统的起源可以追溯到一千多年前。A. virtue美德；优点；B. adjustment调整；调节；C. moment时刻；瞬间；D. origin起源；源头。根据"dates back to over 1,000 years ago."可知，这个古代传统的起源可追溯到1000多年前。故选D。【点评】 考查名词辨析。注意：仔细阅读题干，确保你完全理解了题目的要求以及所提供的语境。语境通常包括题干中的句子、段落或对话。在语境中寻找与名词相关的关键词，这些关键词可能提供了名词使用的上下文或限制条件。
11．【答案】D
【知识点】一般过去时；动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：面对困难的局面，年轻人慢慢地走进房间，紧张地环顾四周，最后深吸了一口气才开始演讲。Facing面对，现在分词/动名词；took拿/取/带走，过去式；Faced面对，过去式/过去分词； taking拿/取/带走，现在分词/动名词。be faced with"面对"，第一空在句中作状语，所以用过去分词形式；第二空为句中并列谓语动词，根据句中动词walked和glanced可知，用一般过去时。故选D。【点评】考查非谓语动词和时态（一般过去时）。注意：解答非谓语动词相关题目时，首先要读题审题，仔细阅读题目，理解句子的整体意义。分析句子结构，找出谓语动词和非谓语动词。判断非谓语动词的作用，确定非谓语动词在句子中充当的成分及其逻辑主语。分析语态和时态，根据非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系及时间关系，判断应使用的语态和时态。对比选项，将分析结果与选项进行对比，选择最符合题意的答案。
12．【答案】B
【知识点】现在完成时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：这位音乐家和他的乐队成员在过去的三个月里已经进行了十场演出。 A. gives给予（第三人称单数现在时）；B. has given已经给予（第三人称单数现在完成时）；C. have given已经给予（复数/第一人称现在完成时）；D. give给予（动词原形/非第三人称现在时）。give(举办，举行)是谓语动词，结合时间状语"in the last three months"可知，描述从过去持续到现在的行为，用现在完成时态；当附加结构"together with"连接两个主语时，谓语动词要和前面的主语保持一致，遵循就远原则，本题中前面的主语"The musician"是单数名词，所以谓语动词要用单数形式has given。故选B。【点评】考查时态（现在完成时）和主谓一致。注意：要仔细审题，在题干中寻找标志性的时间状语。时间状语是判断时态的重要依据。
13．【答案】C
【知识点】动词原形；动词第三人称单数；现在完成时；现在完成进行时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：研究团队从去年开始就一直在研究睡眠不足对记忆的影响，但他们还没有发现任何结果。第一空，根据时间状语"since last year"可知，此处表示从去年开始一直持续到现在的动作，且可能继续持续下去，因此应用现在完成进行时，即has been studying，表示研究团队从去年开始一直在研究睡眠不足对记忆的影响，强调动作的延续性。第二空，根据"yet"可知，此处表示到目前为止还没有发现任何结果，应用现在完成时，即haven't found。故选C。
【点评】考查时态和主谓一致，本题涉及现在完成进行时和现在完成时，以及team的用法。
14．【答案】C
【知识点】动词现在分词
【解析】【分析】句意：一场大火在一个挤满许多人的超市爆发，造成了许多顾客的死亡和重大的财产损失。分析句子结构可知，主句谓语是broke out，result是非谓语动词。该空后内容是前句造成的一种自然而然的结果，故用其现在分词的形式作结果状语。故选C。【点评】考查非谓语动词（现在分词）。注意：1. 确定逻辑主语：分词充当状语时，分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语。必须确保分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语一致，否则会导致逻辑不清。 2. 判断主被动关系。主动关系：当分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语是主动关系时，即主语执行分词表示的动作，使用现在分词（doing） 。 被动关系：当分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语是被动关系时，即主语承受分词表示的动作，应使用过去分词（done），不过这一点在纯粹讨论现在分词作状语时作为对比提及，实际解题现在分词状语主要关注主动关系场景。3. 分析动作先后： 一般式（doing）：表示与谓语动作同时发生。完成式（having done）：表示该动作发生在谓语动作之前，或表示该动作持续了一段时间。 4. 根据语境选择：根据句子的语境和含义，选择合适的现在分词形式作状语。例如，在描述一个同时发生的动作时，应选择现在分词的一般式；在描述一个先于谓语动作发生的动作时，应选择现在分词的完成式。
15．【答案】A
【知识点】以-ed结尾的形容词；动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：看到生病的儿子终于痊愈了，母亲露出了宽慰的微笑。relieved感到宽慰的（形容词，描述人的感受）；cured被治愈的（过去分词，表被动或完成状态）； relieving令人宽慰的；使人消除忧虑的（形容词，描述物的特征）；curing治愈（现在分词，表主动进行）；relief缓解（名词）。第一空描述母亲的感受，故用relieved；第二空中seeing后宾语her sick son与cure之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选A。【点评】考查形容词词义辨析和非谓语动词（过去分词）。注意：-ed形容词：通常用于描述人们的感受或情感反应，强调"感到……的"。它们往往与主语为人时的心理状态相关联。-ing形容词：主要用于描述引起这种情感反应的某人、某物或情况的特性，即强调"令人……的"、"具有……特征的"或"正在……的"。它们更多地关注于事物的客观属性或正在进行的状态。
16．【答案】B
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：明天会议上将要讨论的提案聚焦于减少碳排放的政策。第一空为非谓语动词作后置定语，根据"at tomorrow's meeting"可知，此处表示将要发生的动作，所以此处使用动词不定形式，且discuss与逻辑主语the proposal之间为被动关系，所以此处使用不定式的被动形式；第二空为非谓语动词作后置定语，结合句意，此处表示将要发生的动作，所以此处使用不定式形式作定语修饰名称policies。故选B。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及动词不定式的被动式作后置定语和不定式作后置定语。
17．【答案】B
【知识点】动词现在分词
【解析】【分析】句意：当他醒来时，他发现自己躺在街上，被一群孩子围着。 A. lie躺/位于（动词原形，不及物动词）；B. lying正在躺/位于（现在分词），或说谎（lie的现在分词）；C. lay放置（动词原形，及物动词）/躺（lie的过去式）；D. laying正在放置（lay的现在分词）。空处应用非谓语动词作宾补，逻辑主语he和lie之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式lying。故选B。【点评】考查非谓语动词（现在分词）。注意：避免常见错误。1. 混淆现在分词与过去分词：现在分词表示动作正在进行或主动关系，而过去分词表示动作已完成或被动关系。在解题时，需根据语境和逻辑关系选择正确的分词形式。2. 忽略逻辑主谓关系：现在分词作宾语补足语时，必须与宾语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。如果分词与宾语之间不存在这种关系，则不能使用现在分词作宾语补足语。3. 过度使用现在分词：并非所有动词后都可接现在分词作宾语补足语。需根据动词的特性和语境来选择合适的宾语补足语形式。
18．【答案】A
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：这位作家的最新小说获得了几个奖项，他下个月将访问我们学校。 A. whose谁的，关系代词，在定语从句中作定语，表示所属关系，可指人或物； B. who谁，关系代词，在从句中作主语，仅指人； C. which那个，关系代词，在从句中作主语或宾语，仅指物； D. whom谁，关系代词，在从句中作宾语，仅指人。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是engineer，关系词替代先行词在从句中充当latest novel的定语，意思是"这位作家的最新小说"，应该使用关系代词whose。故选A。【点评】考查定语从句。注意：理解定语从句的构成和用法是解题的基础。定语从句通常由关系词引导，关系词在从句中充当成分，并在一定程度上体现先行词和从句之间的逻辑关系。关系词是定语从句的核心，根据先行词（被修饰的词）的类型和从句的完整性，选择合适的关系词。先行词是定语从句修饰的对象，通常位于从句之前。在解题时，要先找到先行词，再根据其类型和从句的完整性选择合适的关系词。从句的完整性也是选择关系词的重要依据。基于五大基本句型，如果从句缺少必要成分（如主语、谓语等），则为不完整；如果缺少非必要成分（如定语、状语等），则为完整。在解题时，还要结合语境和题目要求进行分析。有时题目会给出一些暗示信息或特定要求，需要根据这些信息或要求进行调整。在考试中，定语从句题目可能会设置一些陷阱和干扰项。例如，可能会使用易混淆的关系词或给出多个选项进行干扰。因此，在解题时要保持清醒的头脑，仔细分析每个选项，避免被陷阱和干扰项所迷惑。
19．【答案】C
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：曾经我讨厌去电影院，但现在我经常去的当地电影院已经成为我最喜欢的地方。that，关系代词，可指代人或物，在从句中作主语/宾语；which，关系代词，仅指代物，在从句中作主语/宾语； where，关系副词，指代地点，作状语（=介词+which）；when，关系副词，指代时间，作状语（=介词+which）。分析句子可知，第一个空填关系副词when，引导定语从句，修饰先行词a time，关系词替代先行词在从句I hated going to the cinema中充当时间状语；第二个空填关系副词where，引导定语从句，修饰先行词the local cinema，关系词替代先行词在从句I often go中充当地点状语。故选C。【点评】考查定语从句。注意：识别先行词，先行词是定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。在题目中，首先要确定哪个名词或代词被定语从句所修饰。理解关系词的作用，关系词在定语从句中起连接作用，同时指代先行词，使从句在语法和意义上与主句相连。熟悉关系词的用法。确定从句中缺少的成分，分析定语从句，确定从句中缺少主语、宾语、定语还是状语。这有助于选择合适的关系词。注意从句的完整性，确保所选关系词能使从句在语法和意义上保持完整。根据定语从句的语法规则，排除那些不符合题意的选项。结合语境进行判断，有时，题目中的语境可以帮助你确定正确的关系词。例如，当先行词指人时，可以优先考虑who或whom；当先行词指物时，可以考虑which或that。确保所选关系词在语法上是正确的，且能使从句与主句在语法和意义上保持一致。再次阅读题目和所选答案，确保定语从句在语法和意义上都是完整的。
20．【答案】D
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法；关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我们上个月参观的那个小镇就是这位著名艺术家出生的地方。 where，关系副词，指代地点，作状语（=介词+which） ；which，关系代词，指代物，作主语/宾语；that，关系代词，可指代人或物，在从句中作主语/宾语。第一空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The town，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that/which引导从句；第二空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the one，指代The town，指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故选D。【点评】考查定语从句。注意区分关系代词和关系副词的用法，先行词在从句中作宾语用that/which，作地点状语用where。
【答案】21．C
22．D
23．C
【知识点】细节理解题；说明文；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了来自世界各地的几个不容错过的顶级节日，并分别阐述了各节日的相关情况、庆祝方式及特色等内容。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。
21．细节理解题。根据St. Patrick's Day, Ireland 部分中"Enjoy traditional songs and dances, watch musical street theatre shows and get dressed in all green as you celebrate Irish heritage and culture.(欣赏传统歌曲和舞蹈，观看音乐街剧院表演，并在庆祝爱尔兰遗产和文化时穿着绿色的衣服。)"可知，在圣帕特里克节有传统歌舞、街头音乐剧表演以及身着绿色服装等活动，并未提到传统艺术展览。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据第二段Rio Carnival, Brazil中"It is a five-day festival which takes place forty days before Easter.(这是一个为期五天的节日，在复活节前四十天举行。)"可知，Rio Carnival是为期五天的节日；根据第三段中"Starting with a nighttime bonfire where people gather, sing and dance, Holi is celebrated the next day by people throwing coloured powder and water at each other. (从夜间篝火晚会开始，人们聚集，唱歌和跳舞，第二天人们会通过互相扔彩色粉末和水来庆祝洒红节。)"可知，Holi Festival从夜间篝火开始到第二天人们互相投掷彩粉和水庆祝；根据第四段中"Held on March 17 every year, it is a celebration to mark the death of Ireland's patron saint Saint Patrick.(每年3月17日举行，这是一个庆祝活动，以纪念爱尔兰守护神圣帕特里克的死亡)"可知，St. Patrick's Day是在每年3月17日当天庆祝；根据第五段中"As a week-long event at the end of August in the Black Rock Desert of Nevada, it attracts tens of thousands of people from all over the world each year.(作为8月底在内华达州黑石沙漠的为期一周的活动，它每年都吸引成千上万的人)"可知，Burning Man Festival 是为期一周的活动。对比可知，庆祝时间最长的是 Burning Man Festival。故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据Rio Carnival, Brazil部分中"Rio de Janeiro has earned its title as the Carnival capital of the world with its famous samba dancing, colourful eye-catching clothes and live music.(里约热内卢凭借其著名的桑巴舞、色彩缤纷的醒目服装和现场音乐，赢得了"世界狂欢节之都"的称号。)"，Holi Festival, India部分中的"Starting with a nighttime bonfire where people gather, sing and dance, Holi is celebrated the next day by people throwing coloured powder and water at each other.(从夜间篝火晚会开始，人们聚集，唱歌和跳舞，第二天人们会通过互相扔彩色粉末和水来庆祝洒红节。)"，St. Patrick's Day, Ireland 部分中"Enjoy traditional songs and dances, watch musical street theatre shows and get dressed in all green as you celebrate Irish heritage and culture.(欣赏传统歌曲和舞蹈，观看音乐街剧院表演，并在庆祝爱尔兰遗产和文化时穿着绿色的衣服。)"以及Burning Man Festival, United States部分中的"The main event is burning a large wooden statue (雕像) on Saturday night, followed by a big dance party that lasts all night long.(主要活动是在星期六晚上燃烧一个大型木制雕像，然后举行一次大型舞会，持续一整夜)"可知，这几个节日共同之处在于跳舞都是庆祝的常见方式。故选C。
【答案】24．A
25．A
26．B
27．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，是一位研究印度蝴蝶超过20年的学者讲述自己多次赴Ladakh高海拔地区考察蝴蝶的经历，记录了在不同栖息地发现的丰富蝴蝶物种，分享了追逐蝴蝶的趣事，并介绍了由此产生的学术成果与保护行动。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"However, I had never observed butterflies at high altitudes in the trans-Himalayan habitat. So, in 2015, I decided to visit Ladakh to search for butterflies."然而，我从未在高海拔的跨喜马拉雅栖息地观察过蝴蝶。所以，在2015年，我决定去拉达克寻找蝴蝶。可知，作者决定访问拉达克是为了在高海拔地区观察蝴蝶。故选A。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段中的"More than once, I'd spot a white or yellow butterfly flying across the meadow, and chase after it, only to find myself out of breath in Ladakh's thin air while the butterfly gracefully flew away. Once, I chased a Butler's Dwarf butterfly for 15 minutes, managing only a few photos before it disappeared. Another time, I spotted dozens of Clouded Yellow butterflies in an alpine meadow. I spent half an hour chasing them, only for them to fly away each time."不止一次，我发现一只白色或黄色的蝴蝶飞过草地，就去追它，结果发现自己在拉达克稀薄的空气中上气不接下气，而蝴蝶却优雅地飞走了。有一次，我追了一只巴特勒矮蝴蝶15分钟，在它消失之前只拍了几张照片。还有一次，我在高山草地上发现了几十只云黄蝴蝶。我花了半个小时追它们，结果它们每次都飞走了。可知，追逐蝴蝶很费力，具有挑战性；以及第四段"Over the course of multiple visits to Ladakh for butterfly observation, I've had the remarkable opportunity to photograph more than 40‘lifers' — species I encountered for the very first time. These discoveries have added valuable knowledge to the field and led to the publication of two research papers in the ‘Journal of Threatened Taxa.'"在多次前往拉达克观察蝴蝶的过程中，我有机会拍摄了40多种"生命生物"——我第一次遇到的物种。这些发现为该领域增加了宝贵的知识，并在《濒危分类群杂志》上发表了两篇研究论文。可知，作者第一次遇到了舞蝶物种，增加了宝贵知识，说明过程很有吸引力。故作者追逐蝴蝶的过程具有挑战性和吸引力。故选A。
26．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"In addition to this, partnered with the Snow Leopard Conservancy to create a small booklet showcasing 50 butterfly species found in Ladakh, with the goal of raising awareness and promoting butterfly watching as a unique and sustainable activity."除此之外，我还与雪豹保护协会合作，制作了一本小册子，展示了在拉达克发现的50种蝴蝶，目的是提高人们的意识，并将观赏蝴蝶作为一项独特而可持续的活动。可知，作者制作小册子的目的是鼓励生态探索。故选B。
27．标题归纳题。根据第二段中的"My first‘butterflying' visit to Ladakh was in June 2016, then in July of the same year, followed by another visit in August 2018."我第一次"蝴蝶飞舞"访问拉达克是在2016年6月，然后是同年7月，接着是2018年8月；结合全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者去拉达克高海拔地区观察蝴蝶，描述了追逐蝴蝶的过程以及感受。"翩翩飞舞的发现"适合作本文标题，故选D。
【答案】28．D
29．C
30．B
31．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；环境保护类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了大自然音乐对人们有好处，为此新举措允许使用环境声音的艺术家将"自然"列为特色艺术家，并分享版税。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和词义猜测题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。 做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段"The sounds of rain, birdsong, or the wind rustling leaves in the forest are all part of the music of nature. These sounds can fire emotions and promote calm. That's why tracks of nature have been used in so many songs like "Blackbird" by the Beatles.(雨声、鸟鸣、风吹树叶的声音都是大自然音乐的一部分。这些声音可以激发情绪，促进平静。这就是为什么在披头士乐队的"黑鸟"等歌曲中使用了如此多的自然音轨)"以及第二段"Now, Sounds Right, an initiative from the Museum for the United Nations is cooperating with Spotify and other streaming platforms to recognize nature as a musician. This means that nature can be paid royalties (版税) that can be made use of when it comes to environmental causes and conservation. This new initiative allows artists who use environmental sounds to credit "Nature" as a featured artist and share the royalties.(现在，联合国博物馆（Museum for United Nations）的一项倡议"Sounds Right"正在与Spotify和其他流媒体平台合作，以表彰大自然是一位音乐家。这意味着大自然可以获得版税，这些版税可以用于环境事业和保护。这项新举措允许使用环境声音的艺术家将"自然"列为特色艺术家，并分享版税)"可知，第一段提到披头士乐队是为了讲述新倡议的灵感来源。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段"This means that nature can be paid royalties (版税) that can be made use of when it comes to environmental causes and conservation.(这意味着大自然可以获得特许权使用费，这些特许权使用费可以用于环境事业和保护)"可知，自然特许权使用费将用于环境保护。故选C。
30．词义猜测题。根据划线词上文"I feel like music that has the ability to make contact with nature seem appealing again(我觉得那种能够让人与自然接触的音乐似乎再次吸引人)"以及"because, somewhere deep inside our soul, we are really(因为在我们灵魂深处的某个地方，我们真的……)"可知，那种能够让人与自然接触的音乐似乎再次吸引人是因为我们灵魂深处渴望这种音乐。故划线词意思是"渴望"。故选B。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段"This project is just one of a growing movement to give nature legal rights and could restore the weak relationship between humans and the environment.(这个项目只是一个不断发展的运动之一，赋予自然合法权利，可以恢复人与环境之间脆弱的关系)"可知，作者最后指出新的倡议仍然值得赞扬。故选A。
【答案】32．B
33．D
34．A
35．D
【知识点】推理判断题；观点态度题；段落大意；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了拟社会关系（parasocial relationships）的定义、起源、发展、影响及特点，指出拟社会关系并不固有地不健康，但也要认识到其可能带来的问题。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题，段落大意题和观点态度题四种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。 做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做段落大意题时，注意确定主题句，主题句是段落中表达主要观点或思想的句子，通常位于段落的开头或结尾，偶尔也会出现在段落中间。由于主题句往往出现在段落的首尾，因此仔细阅读段落的首尾句是快速把握段落大意的有效方法。段落中的转折词和总结性语言常用来引入新的观点或总结段落内容，对理解段落大意至关重要。在理解段落信息的基础上，用简洁的语言概括段落的主要内容。做观点态度题时，掌握态度词汇，态度词汇是表达作者情感倾向和观点的重要工具。考生应掌握一些常见的态度词汇，如表示赞同的approve/support，表示反对的oppose/criticize，表示中立的neutral/
objective等。在阅读文章时，注意这些词汇的出现，有助于快速判断作者的观点态度。寻找关键词和修饰语，关键词和修饰语是文章中表达作者观点和态度的重要线索。考生应重点关注那些与主题相关的动词、形容词和副词，以及它们所修饰的名词或句子。这些关键词和修饰语往往能够揭示作者的情感倾向和立场。推理作者意图，在阅读过程中，考生应善于从字里行间捕捉作者的意图。通过分析文章的叙述方式、论据的组织和论证的方法等，可以推断出作者的观点和态度。
32．段落大意题。根据第一句"The term ‘parasocial relationships' first appeared in the 1950s, when psychologists tried to understand how television viewers reacted to TV personalities speaking to them directly out of the screen.(拟社会关系一词最早出现在20世纪50年代，当时心理学家试图了解电视观众是如何对电视人物直接从屏幕上与他们交谈做出反应的。)"可知，第二段首先讲述拟社会关系的起源，然后从文中"Later in the 70s and 80s, scholars began to assume that forming parasocial relationships was driven by loneliness. However, not-lonely people are just as likely to form a connection with that person on the screen. As fandoms（粉丝圈）became more visible throughout the latter half of the 20th century, parasocial relationships became associated with youth and immaturity.(在70年代和80年代后期，学者们开始认为形成反社会关系是由孤独驱使的。然而，不孤独的人同样有可能在屏幕上与那个人建立联系。随着粉丝圈在20世纪后半叶变得更加明显，拟社会关系与年轻和不成熟联系在一起。)"可知，接着讲述其随时间的推移而发展的情况。由此可知，第二段主要讲拟社会关系的发展。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段"Since the rise of social media, the phenomenon of parasocial relationships has been hugely amplified（放大）.The traditional arrangement of PSRs, where the fan has no actual contact with a celebrity, is visibly changed by our new means of communication—a celebrity might see a fan's message or even reply.(自从社交媒体兴起以来，超社会关系现象被极大地放大了。传统的拟社会关系，即粉丝与名人没有实际接触，由于我们新的沟通方式而发生了明显的变化——名人可能会看到粉丝的信息，甚至回复。)"可知，社交媒体改变了拟社会关系，粉丝可以在线与名人互动。故选D。
34．推理判断题。根据第四段"When fans are gaining access to the celebrity through social media posts, it increases the feeling of closeness. People think they really have more of a relationship than they do. Online fandoms, especially large ones full of adolescents with strong emotions can generate bad behavior among adults. Behavior that might have been limited to one person or a few people might be, thanks to social media, given the chance to spread.(当粉丝通过社交媒体帖子接触到这位名人时，会增加亲密感。人们认为他们真的有比他们更多的关系。网络粉丝，尤其是那些充满强烈情绪的青少年的大型粉丝群，会在成年人中产生不良行为。由于社交媒体，可能仅限于一个人或几个人的行为可能会有机会传播。)"可知，这部分内容提到了社交媒体使粉丝行为传播地更快，另外根据本段最后一句"‘There's a sort of echo chamber effect where people convince themselves, ‘everyone agrees with me and therefore we are all right in our approach,' says Gayle Stever, the author of Parasocial Experiences.(拟社会经历一书的作者盖尔·斯特弗说:"有一种回声室效应，人们说服自己，‘每个人都同意我的看法，所以我们的方法是正确的。')"可知，斯特弗在书中提到回声室效应是为了解释在线粉丝群体中行为是如何传播的。故选A。
35．观点态度题。根据最后一段"Parasocial relationships are natural and not inherently unhealthy. But as Stever says, ‘Anything that can be true about a regular social relationship can be true about a parasocial relationship.'(拟社会关系是自然的，并非天生不健康。但正如Stever所说，"任何关于常规社会关系的事实都可能是关于拟社会关系的。")"可知，作者对拟社会关系持客观态度，认为其并不固有地不健康，但也要认识到其可能带来的问题。故选D。
【答案】36．B
37．C
38．B
39．C
【知识点】细节理解题；说明文；科普类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了世界首个木卫星LignoSat及其测试意义和环保优势。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和主旨大意题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
36．细节理解题。根据第一段"Its mission is to determine if wood can resist the harsh conditions of space.(它的任务是确定木材是否能够抵抗太空的恶劣条件)"可知，LignoSat卫星的主要任务是确定木材是否能抵御太空的恶劣条件，也就是确定木材在太空中的耐受性。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段"The panel was exposed to space for ten months before being returned to Earth in early 2023. After analyzing the results, the team picked wood from magnolia trees for the satellite.(该面板在2023年初返回地球之前，在太空中暴露了十个月。在分析结果后，研究小组从木兰树上为卫星挑选了木材)"可知，在分析了实验结果后，研究小组选择了木兰树的木材来制作卫星，所以选择木兰木作为卫星材料这一决定是基于实验结果做出的。故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据第四段"Current satellites are primarily made of aluminum. The metal reacts with oxygen when the satellites burn up in Earth's atmosphere at the end of their life cycle. This process releases aluminum oxide particles, potentially damaging the ozone layer. Wooden satellites, which leave behind only water and carbon dioxide, could help alleviate this issue.(目前的卫星主要由铝制成。当卫星在其生命周期结束时在地球大气层中燃烧殆尽时，这种金属会与氧气发生反应。这一过程会释放出氧化铝颗粒，有可能会破坏臭氧层。而木质卫星在燃烧后仅会产生水和二氧化碳，这有助于缓解这一问题)"可知，木质卫星的主要环境优势是它们不会释放氧化铝颗粒，而铝制卫星会释放氧化铝颗粒可能损害臭氧层，木质卫星仅留下水和二氧化碳，有助于缓解这一问题。故选B。
39．主旨大意题。根据第一段"LignoSat, the world's first satellite made mostly from wood, reached the International Space Station (ISS) aboard a SpaceX cargo capsule on November 5, 2024. The palm-sized satellite, named after the Latin word for "wood", will be launched from the ISS into Earth's orbit later this month. Its mission is to determine if wood can resist the harsh conditions of space. If successful, LignoSat could pave the way for more environmentally friendly spacecraft designs.(2024 年11月5日，世界上首颗主要由木材制成的卫星"木质卫星（LignoSat）搭乘 SpaceX 公司的货运太空舱抵达了国际空间站。这颗手掌大小的卫星以拉丁语中表示"木材"的单词命名，将于本月晚些时候从国际空间站发射进入地球轨道。它的任务是确定木材能否抵御太空的恶劣环境。如果成功，"木质卫星"将为更环保的航天器设计铺平道路)"可知，文章第一段介绍了LignoSat卫星及其任务，接着阐述了测试木质卫星的原因（减少太空垃圾）以及其环保优势，还提到了研究人员对木质卫星的未来展望等，整体都是在说明使用木质卫星的实用性和意义。故选C。
【答案】40．E；41．D；42．B；43．F；44．C
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何更好地管理自己的情绪，通过提高情绪智力来实现情感成熟的一些策略。备选项的中文意思：
A. 试图去读懂他人心意。
B. 表达你的需求。
C. 你最好不要让消极想法质疑你的判断力。
D. 因此，与其把情绪倒给别人，不如学会掌控自己的情绪。
E. 这种方式不具攻击性，且表明你在情绪上很成熟。
F. 如果不加以控制，它可能会产生后果严重，尤其是在你的人际关系中。
G. 假设你和你的伴侣吵了一架，而且你也受到了伤害。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题技巧如下：1. 看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。2. 首先快速浏览一遍几个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。3. 精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。4. 看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。5. 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though, however 等。
40．上文"For example, you should use the statement: "I feel miserable and heartbroken" instead of "You make me feel miserable and heartbroken". (例如，你应该使用这样的陈述：‘我感到痛苦和心碎'，而不是‘你让我感到痛苦和心碎'。)"举例说明如何使用I来表达情感，E项"这种方式不具攻击性，且表明你在情绪上很成熟。"强调了例子中做法的好处和效果；选项中的"this approach"指代例子，"non-aggressive"和 "emotionally mature" 陈述了使用"I"陈述的沟通方式是一种非攻击性的方法，并且能够展示出说话者在情感上的成熟度。故选E。
41．上文"However, in some situations, instead of owning your feelings, you tend to deflect (转移) them and make others feel guilty about how you are feeling. (然而，在某些情况下，你不是承认自己的感受，而是倾向于将它们转移，并让他人对你的感觉感到内疚。)"阐述了人们错误的做法是将感受转移到他人身上，可推断下文应该阐述正确的做法。 D项"因此，与其把情绪倒给别人，不如学会掌控自己的情绪。"指出了正确的做法，与上文构成因果关系；选项中的"dump them on others"呼应上文"you tend to deflect (转移) them and make others feel guilty about how you are feeling, learn to take charge of your feelings"，同时，下文中"them"指代D选项中的your feelings，并进一步强调情感属于自己一部分，和他人无关，前后呼应。故选D。
42．空处为小标题，应该首先要和其他段落标题结构相似，运用简单的祈使句；由下文"People interact with us like we are mind readers sometimes; this happens mostly in relationships. Your partner would want you to know exactly what they want and when they want it; this can be extremely annoying. Just as you aren't a mind reader, others aren't either. You need to share your needs with the other person, and they need to do the same with you.(有时人们与我们的互动就像我们能读心术一样；这主要发生在人际关系中。你的伴侣希望你确切地知道他们想要什么，什么时候想要；这是非常恼人的。就像你不会读心术一样，其他人也不会。你需要与他人分享你的需求，他们也需要与你分享。)"可知，本段主要阐述要与他人沟通自己的需求，强调交流的重要性；B选项"Communicate your needs."（ 表达你的需求。）能够概括本段主旨。故选B。
43．上文"Often, you say a lot when you are emotional, especially when you are angry. (通常，当你情绪激动时，尤其是当你生气时，你会说很多话。)"说明了人情绪激动时候会不在意自己言语， F选项"If not controlled, it can have severe consequences, especially in your relationship.（如果不加以控制，它可能会产生后果严重，尤其是在你的人际关系中。）"承接上文，阐述情绪激动时，尤其是当你生气时，你会说很多话如果不控制会带来的后果。下文"You need to mind whatever you say and do.（你需要在意自己的所说所做）"告诉读者正确的做法，F项承上启下，故选F。
44．上文"In some situations, your loved ones could be hurting you through their words or their actions, and you could also be wrong.（在某些情况下，你所爱的人可能会通过言语或行为伤害到你，而你也可能犯错。）"说明与爱的人之间通过言语和行为互相伤害的情况会发生。C选项"You'd better not let negative thoughts question your judgment."（你最好不要让消极想法质疑你的判断力。）阐述在伤害发生的时候，不能让消极情感质疑你的判断力，承接上文，也与本段标题相呼应。同时，C项中"negative thoughts"与下文"What happens in more than 70% of situations is that you let negative thoughts take hold of you; this is completely wrong.（在超过70%的情况下，你会让消极思想占据主导地位；这是完全错误的。）"中的"negative thoughts"为同词复现；C选项承接上文，呼应下文，符合语境。故选C。
【答案】45．C；46．B；47．D；48．C；49．A；50．B；51．B；52．D；53．B；54．C；55．A；56．B；57．A；58．C；59．A
【知识点】名词辨析；形容词的词义辨析；动词的词义辨析；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一群中学生在寒冷的天气下参与设计建造住所的项目，并从中学到很多知识并感到成就感的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。
45．句意：尽管寒风凛冽，这些中学生们对他们的任务感到兴奋——一个为期两周的设计思维项目，旨在利用运输托盘为无家可归者设计并建造一所房屋。A. confused困惑的；B. worried担忧的；C. excited兴奋的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文"the students were inspired to complete the project"可知，学生们受到鼓舞想要完成这个项目，说明他们对任务是感到兴奋的。故选C。
46．句意：尽管寒风凛冽，这些中学生们对他们的任务感到兴奋——一个为期两周的设计思维项目，旨在利用运输托盘为无家可归者设计并建造一所房屋。 A. promised承诺；B. aimed旨在；C. urged敦促；D. allowed允许。 根据后文"design and build a home for homeless people by using shipping pallets"可知，这个项目的目的是利用托盘为无家可归的人建造房屋。aim to do sth.表示"旨在做某事"。故选B。
47．句意：在这种极冷的天气里在户外工作很艰难。A. mild温和的；B. hot炎热的；C. snowy下雪的；D. freezing极冷的。根据前文"It was a cold January school day"以及"Despite the icy wind"可知，天气是寒冷的，freezing可表示 "极冷的"，符合语境。故选D。
48．句意：然而，学生们受到鼓舞完成了这个项目，因为他们真诚地希望能帮助无家可归的人。 A. Otherwise否则；B. Moreover此外；C. However然而；D. Therefore因此。 根据前文"Working outside in this 3 weather was tough"和后文"the students were inspired to complete the project"可知，前后为转折关系，应用however。故选C。
49．句意：然而，学生们受到鼓舞要完成这个项目，因为他们真心希望帮助无家可归的人。A. help帮助；B. visit拜访；C. meet遇见；D. inspire激励。根据前文"design and build a home for homeless people"可知，学生们想要为无家可归的人设计建造房屋，这是在帮助他们。故选A。
50．句意：其他人正在研究正在建造的小房子的蓝图，使用他们在数学课上所学的东西。 A. ignoring忽视；B. using使用；C. remembering记住；D. copying复制。 根据后文"what they had learned in math class"可知，其他人正在使用在数学课上所学的东西研究蓝图。故选B。
51．句意：当我帮助一些学生举起托盘建造的墙壁的沉重部分时，我瞥了一眼卢卡，他的眼睛里充满了惊奇。 A. tearing down拆除；B. holding up举起；C. picking out挑选；D. clearing away清除。 根据后文"a heavy section of pallet-constructed wall"可知，此处指作者帮助学生们举起托盘建造的墙壁的沉重部分。故选B。
52．句意：当我帮助一些学生举起托盘建造的墙壁的沉重部分时，我瞥了一眼卢卡，他的眼睛里充满了惊奇。 A. sadness悲伤；B. admiration钦佩；C. desire欲望；D. wonder惊奇，惊讶。 根据后文"Never in my life did I think I can build a house for the homeless, Mr. Riddle, and we're just kids!"可知，卢卡对自己能为无家可归者建房感到惊奇。故选D。
53．句意：里德尔先生，我这辈子都没想过能给无家可归的人建房子，我们只是孩子！这太神奇了！ A. silly愚蠢的；B. amazing令人惊奇的，不可思议的；C. risky冒险的；D. boring无聊的。 根据前文"Never in my life did I think I can build a house for the homeless, Mr. Riddle, and we're just kids!"可知，卢卡觉得能给无家可归的人建房子太神奇了。故选B。
54．句意：通过挖掘设计思维的学习潜力，我们的学生在那两周里获得的知识比在课堂上任何时候都要多。 A. exchanged交换；B. updated更新；C. gained获得；D. forgot忘记。 根据后文"more knowledge in those two weeks than they ever would have in a classroom"可知，学生们在那两周里获得了很多知识。故选C。
55．句意：为了完成这项任务，他们对该问题有了深刻的理解，这种理解既来自"头脑知识"，也来自"心灵知识"。 A. finish完成；B. prepare准备；C. delay延迟；D. refuse拒绝。 根据后文"this task, they developed a deep understanding of the issue that came from both "head knowledge" and "heart knowledge"."可知，这里应该是为了完成任务而对问题有深入理解。故选A。
56．句意：受到他们所学知识的激励，他们相信自己能够有所作为。 A. Surrounded包围；B. Motivated激励；C. Attracted吸引；D. Shaken摇动。 根据前文"they developed a deep understanding of the issue that came from深圳实验学校高中园与惠东高级中学2024-2025学年高一下学期第二阶段联考(期中)英语试题
一、从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．Sherlock Holmes remains one of the most significant ____________ in detective fiction, who gains popularity all over the world.
A．figures B．features C．authors D．symbols
【答案】A
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：夏洛克·福尔摩斯仍然是侦探小说中最重要的角色之一，他在全世界都很受欢迎。A. figures人物；角色；B. features特征；C. authors作者；D. symbols符号；象征。根据"Sherlock Holmes remains one of the most significant"可知，夏洛克 福尔摩斯是侦探小说中非常重要的角色。故选A。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：要仔细阅读题目，理解题干的意思。确定题目是在询问某个特定场景或语境下应该使用哪个名词。仔细分析每个选项的词义，确保对每个名词的含义有准确的理解。注意区分近义词之间的细微差别。确保所选名词与题目要求的词性相符。有时题目可能要求选择名词的复数形式或所有格形式，因此要注意名词的形态变化。
2．The new marketing strategy proved highly ____________, increasing sales by 30% in the last three months.
A．creative B．ordinary C．effective D．annoyed
【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：新的营销策略被证明非常有效，过去三个月的销售额增加了30%。A. creative有创造力的；B. ordinary普通的；C. effective有效的；D. annoyed恼怒的。根据"increasing sales by 30% in the last three months"可知，新的营销策略被证明非常有效。故选C。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：结合上下文，理解句子语境，把握形容词在其中的具体含义和用法。注意形容词与其他词汇之间的逻辑关系，如并列、转折、因果等。注意情感色彩，形容词往往带有一定的情感色彩，如褒义、贬义或中性。在解题时，要注意形容词所表达的情感色彩是否与句子或段落的整体氛围相符。
3．Online courses provide a ____________ way to learn, adapting to different time zones and lifestyles.
A．flexible B．complex C．sensitive D．frank
【答案】A
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：在线课程提供了一种灵活的学习方式，适应不同的时区和生活方式。A. flexible灵活的；B. complex复杂的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. frank坦率的。根据句中的adapting to different time zones and lifestyles可知，在线课程可根据时区和生活方式灵活调整，所以，空格处应该用形容词flexible。故选A。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：首先，要识别出题目是在考察形容词辨析，明确解题方向。仔细阅读题干，确保理解句子的整体意思和形容词在句子中的作用。对每个选项中的形容词有一个基本的了解，知道它们的基本含义和常用搭配。注意形容词之间的细微差别，包括词义轻重、侧重点、感彩等。这些差别往往决定了形容词在特定语境中的适用性。
4．Despite her young age, the pianist proved ____________ of performing Chopin's most complex études (练习曲).
A．typical B．aware C．capable D．previous
【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管年纪轻轻，这位钢琴家已被证明有能力演奏肖邦最复杂的曲调。A. typical典型的；有代表性的；B. aware意识到的；C. capable有能力的；D. previous以前的；先前的。根据"Despite her young age,"可知，尽管这位钢琴家年纪小，但能演奏肖邦最复杂的练习曲，be capable of表示"有能力做"。故选C。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：在题干中寻找与形容词相关的关键词，如名词、动词、副词等，这些词汇会提供形容词使用的上下文。理解句子的整体含义，确保所选形容词能够准确表达句子的意思。
5．Shenzhen's ____________ and dynamic nightlife reflects its young demographic (人口结构) — over 60% of residents are under 35.
A．mental B．peaceful C．energetic D．independent
【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：深圳充满活力的夜生活反映了它的年轻人口——超过60%的居民年龄在35岁以下。A. mental精神的；脑力的；B. peaceful和平的；平静的；C. energetic充满活力的；精力充沛的；D. independent独立的。根据"dynamic"可知，深圳充满活力的夜生活反映了它的年轻人口。故选C。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：通读题干，明确句子语境和逻辑关系。分析选项，区分形容词词义、搭配及级别。排除干扰，排除与语境不符或搭配错误的选项。验证答案，代入选项，检查是否符合逻辑和语法。
6．Many young graduates feel ____________ about AI replacing jobs — a concern that reached its highest point during this year's graduation season.
A．scared B．excited C．positive D．loose
【答案】A
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：许多年轻的毕业生对人工智能取代工作感到恐惧——这种担忧在今年的毕业季达到了顶峰。A. scared恐惧的；B. excited兴奋的，激动的；C. positive积极的；D. loose零散的，宽松的。根据"a concern"可知，此处指"许多年轻的毕业生对人工智能取代工作感到恐惧"，故选A。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：制作形容词词义对比表，将易混淆形容词按词义、搭配、感彩分类整理。语境填空练习，通过完形填空或句子改写，强化语境适配能力。
7．Tourists ____________ that overcrowding ruined their Qingming Festival experience at the scenic spot last week.
A．ignored B．celebrated C．complained D．resolved
【答案】C
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：游客们抱怨说，拥挤的人群破坏了他们上周在景区的清明体验。A. ignored忽视，不理会；B. celebrated庆祝；C. complained抱怨；D. resolved解决；决定。根据"overcrowding ruined their Qingming Festival experience at the scenic spot last week."可知，过度拥挤破坏了清明节在景区的体验，游客会对此抱怨。故选C。【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：动词辨析题要求考生从提供的选项中选择最合适的动词填入句子中，使句子意思通顺、语法正确。解题时，首先要仔细阅读题干，理解句子的整体意思和语境。然后，逐一分析选项，注意动词的时态、语态、语气以及搭配等。最后，选出最符合语境和语法的动词。
8．She refused to cheat on the test because it went against her moral ____________.
A．contributions B．principles C．responses D．memories
【答案】B
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：她拒绝在考试中作弊，因为这违背了她的道德准则。A. contributions贡献；B. principles原则，准则；C. responses回应，反应；D. memories记忆。根据"She refused to cheat on the test"可知，她拒绝作弊是因为这违背她的道德原则。故选B。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：分析名词与题干中其他词语的搭配关系，确保所选名词与题干中的动词、形容词或介词等词语能够合理搭配。将每个选项代入题干中，结合语境进行推理判断。
9．He was too ____________ in the discussion and was unwilling to voice his opinions.
A．talkative B．brilliant C．passive D．original
【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他在讨论中太被动了，不愿发表自己的意见。A. talkative健谈的；B. brilliant杰出的；C. passive被动的，消极的；D. original最初的，独创的。根据句中的unwilling to voice his opinions可知，他在讨论中很被动，导致不愿发声，所以空格处应该用形容词passive。故选C。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：仔细阅读句子及上下文，寻找与形容词相关的线索，如描述的对象、事件的发展、情感态度等，从而确定最符合语境的形容词。分析句子中各部分之间的逻辑关系，如因果关系、转折关系、并列关系等，根据逻辑关系来选择合适的形容词。
10．The ____________ of this ancient tradition dates back to over 1,000 years ago.
A．virtue B．adjustment C．moment D．origin
【答案】D
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这一古老传统的起源可以追溯到一千多年前。A. virtue美德；优点；B. adjustment调整；调节；C. moment时刻；瞬间；D. origin起源；源头。根据"dates back to over 1,000 years ago."可知，这个古代传统的起源可追溯到1000多年前。故选D。【点评】 考查名词辨析。注意：仔细阅读题干，确保你完全理解了题目的要求以及所提供的语境。语境通常包括题干中的句子、段落或对话。在语境中寻找与名词相关的关键词，这些关键词可能提供了名词使用的上下文或限制条件。
11．____________ with a difficult situation, the young man walked slowly into the room, glanced around nervously, and finally ____________ a deep breath before starting his speech.
A．Facing; took B．Facing; taking
C．Faced; taking D．Faced; took
【答案】D
【知识点】一般过去时；动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：面对困难的局面，年轻人慢慢地走进房间，紧张地环顾四周，最后深吸了一口气才开始演讲。Facing面对，现在分词/动名词；took拿/取/带走，过去式；Faced面对，过去式/过去分词； taking拿/取/带走，现在分词/动名词。be faced with"面对"，第一空在句中作状语，所以用过去分词形式；第二空为句中并列谓语动词，根据句中动词walked和glanced可知，用一般过去时。故选D。【点评】考查非谓语动词和时态（一般过去时）。注意：解答非谓语动词相关题目时，首先要读题审题，仔细阅读题目，理解句子的整体意义。分析句子结构，找出谓语动词和非谓语动词。判断非谓语动词的作用，确定非谓语动词在句子中充当的成分及其逻辑主语。分析语态和时态，根据非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系及时间关系，判断应使用的语态和时态。对比选项，将分析结果与选项进行对比，选择最符合题意的答案。
12．The musician, together with his band members, ________ ten performances in the last three months.
A．gives B．has given C．have given D．give
【答案】B
【知识点】现在完成时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：这位音乐家和他的乐队成员在过去的三个月里已经进行了十场演出。 A. gives给予（第三人称单数现在时）；B. has given已经给予（第三人称单数现在完成时）；C. have given已经给予（复数/第一人称现在完成时）；D. give给予（动词原形/非第三人称现在时）。give(举办，举行)是谓语动词，结合时间状语"in the last three months"可知，描述从过去持续到现在的行为，用现在完成时态；当附加结构"together with"连接两个主语时，谓语动词要和前面的主语保持一致，遵循就远原则，本题中前面的主语"The musician"是单数名词，所以谓语动词要用单数形式has given。故选B。【点评】考查时态（现在完成时）和主谓一致。注意：要仔细审题，在题干中寻找标志性的时间状语。时间状语是判断时态的重要依据。
13．The research team _________ the effects of sleep shortage on memory since last year, but they _________ any results yet.
A．has studied; didn't find B．studied; haven't found
C．has been studying; haven't found D．had studied; hadn't found
【答案】C
【知识点】动词原形；动词第三人称单数；现在完成时；现在完成进行时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：研究团队从去年开始就一直在研究睡眠不足对记忆的影响，但他们还没有发现任何结果。第一空，根据时间状语"since last year"可知，此处表示从去年开始一直持续到现在的动作，且可能继续持续下去，因此应用现在完成进行时，即has been studying，表示研究团队从去年开始一直在研究睡眠不足对记忆的影响，强调动作的延续性。第二空，根据"yet"可知，此处表示到目前为止还没有发现任何结果，应用现在完成时，即haven't found。故选C。
【点评】考查时态和主谓一致，本题涉及现在完成进行时和现在完成时，以及team的用法。
14．A big fire broke out in a supermarket which was crowded with many people, __________ many deaths of customers and heavy losses.
A．having resulted in B．resulted in
C．resulting in D．to result in
【答案】C
【知识点】动词现在分词
【解析】【分析】句意：一场大火在一个挤满许多人的超市爆发，造成了许多顾客的死亡和重大的财产损失。分析句子结构可知，主句谓语是broke out，result是非谓语动词。该空后内容是前句造成的一种自然而然的结果，故用其现在分词的形式作结果状语。故选C。【点评】考查非谓语动词（现在分词）。注意：1. 确定逻辑主语：分词充当状语时，分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语。必须确保分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语一致，否则会导致逻辑不清。 2. 判断主被动关系。主动关系：当分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语是主动关系时，即主语执行分词表示的动作，使用现在分词（doing） 。 被动关系：当分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语是被动关系时，即主语承受分词表示的动作，应使用过去分词（done），不过这一点在纯粹讨论现在分词作状语时作为对比提及，实际解题现在分词状语主要关注主动关系场景。3. 分析动作先后： 一般式（doing）：表示与谓语动作同时发生。完成式（having done）：表示该动作发生在谓语动作之前，或表示该动作持续了一段时间。 4. 根据语境选择：根据句子的语境和含义，选择合适的现在分词形式作状语。例如，在描述一个同时发生的动作时，应选择现在分词的一般式；在描述一个先于谓语动作发生的动作时，应选择现在分词的完成式。
15．The mother wore a _____________ smile after seeing her sick son finally ____________.
A．relieved; cured B．relieving; curing
C．relieved; curing D．relief; cured
【答案】A
【知识点】以-ed结尾的形容词；动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：看到生病的儿子终于痊愈了，母亲露出了宽慰的微笑。relieved感到宽慰的（形容词，描述人的感受）；cured被治愈的（过去分词，表被动或完成状态）； relieving令人宽慰的；使人消除忧虑的（形容词，描述物的特征）；curing治愈（现在分词，表主动进行）；relief缓解（名词）。第一空描述母亲的感受，故用relieved；第二空中seeing后宾语her sick son与cure之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选A。【点评】考查形容词词义辨析和非谓语动词（过去分词）。注意：-ed形容词：通常用于描述人们的感受或情感反应，强调"感到……的"。它们往往与主语为人时的心理状态相关联。-ing形容词：主要用于描述引起这种情感反应的某人、某物或情况的特性，即强调"令人……的"、"具有……特征的"或"正在……的"。它们更多地关注于事物的客观属性或正在进行的状态。
16．The proposal ______ at tomorrow's meeting focuses on policies ______ carbon emissions.
A．discussed; reducing B．to be discussed; to reduce
C．being discussed; reduced D．having discussed; reduce
【答案】B
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：明天会议上将要讨论的提案聚焦于减少碳排放的政策。第一空为非谓语动词作后置定语，根据"at tomorrow's meeting"可知，此处表示将要发生的动作，所以此处使用动词不定形式，且discuss与逻辑主语the proposal之间为被动关系，所以此处使用不定式的被动形式；第二空为非谓语动词作后置定语，结合句意，此处表示将要发生的动作，所以此处使用不定式形式作定语修饰名称policies。故选B。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及动词不定式的被动式作后置定语和不定式作后置定语。
17．When he woke up，he found himself _________ in the street and surrounded by a group of children.
A．lie B．lying C．lay D．laying
【答案】B
【知识点】动词现在分词
【解析】【分析】句意：当他醒来时，他发现自己躺在街上，被一群孩子围着。 A. lie躺/位于（动词原形，不及物动词）；B. lying正在躺/位于（现在分词），或说谎（lie的现在分词）；C. lay放置（动词原形，及物动词）/躺（lie的过去式）；D. laying正在放置（lay的现在分词）。空处应用非谓语动词作宾补，逻辑主语he和lie之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式lying。故选B。【点评】考查非谓语动词（现在分词）。注意：避免常见错误。1. 混淆现在分词与过去分词：现在分词表示动作正在进行或主动关系，而过去分词表示动作已完成或被动关系。在解题时，需根据语境和逻辑关系选择正确的分词形式。2. 忽略逻辑主谓关系：现在分词作宾语补足语时，必须与宾语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。如果分词与宾语之间不存在这种关系，则不能使用现在分词作宾语补足语。3. 过度使用现在分词：并非所有动词后都可接现在分词作宾语补足语。需根据动词的特性和语境来选择合适的宾语补足语形式。
18．The writer, ______ latest novel won several awards, will visit our school next month.
A．whose B．who C．which D．whom
【答案】A
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：这位作家的最新小说获得了几个奖项，他下个月将访问我们学校。 A. whose谁的，关系代词，在定语从句中作定语，表示所属关系，可指人或物； B. who谁，关系代词，在从句中作主语，仅指人； C. which那个，关系代词，在从句中作主语或宾语，仅指物； D. whom谁，关系代词，在从句中作宾语，仅指人。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是engineer，关系词替代先行词在从句中充当latest novel的定语，意思是"这位作家的最新小说"，应该使用关系代词whose。故选A。【点评】考查定语从句。注意：理解定语从句的构成和用法是解题的基础。定语从句通常由关系词引导，关系词在从句中充当成分，并在一定程度上体现先行词和从句之间的逻辑关系。关系词是定语从句的核心，根据先行词（被修饰的词）的类型和从句的完整性，选择合适的关系词。先行词是定语从句修饰的对象，通常位于从句之前。在解题时，要先找到先行词，再根据其类型和从句的完整性选择合适的关系词。从句的完整性也是选择关系词的重要依据。基于五大基本句型，如果从句缺少必要成分（如主语、谓语等），则为不完整；如果缺少非必要成分（如定语、状语等），则为完整。在解题时，还要结合语境和题目要求进行分析。有时题目会给出一些暗示信息或特定要求，需要根据这些信息或要求进行调整。在考试中，定语从句题目可能会设置一些陷阱和干扰项。例如，可能会使用易混淆的关系词或给出多个选项进行干扰。因此，在解题时要保持清醒的头脑，仔细分析每个选项，避免被陷阱和干扰项所迷惑。
19．There was a time ______I hated going to the cinema, but now the local cinema ______I often go has become my favorite place.
A．that; which B．which; where C．when; where D．when; which
【答案】C
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：曾经我讨厌去电影院，但现在我经常去的当地电影院已经成为我最喜欢的地方。that，关系代词，可指代人或物，在从句中作主语/宾语；which，关系代词，仅指代物，在从句中作主语/宾语； where，关系副词，指代地点，作状语（=介词+which）；when，关系副词，指代时间，作状语（=介词+which）。分析句子可知，第一个空填关系副词when，引导定语从句，修饰先行词a time，关系词替代先行词在从句I hated going to the cinema中充当时间状语；第二个空填关系副词where，引导定语从句，修饰先行词the local cinema，关系词替代先行词在从句I often go中充当地点状语。故选C。【点评】考查定语从句。注意：识别先行词，先行词是定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。在题目中，首先要确定哪个名词或代词被定语从句所修饰。理解关系词的作用，关系词在定语从句中起连接作用，同时指代先行词，使从句在语法和意义上与主句相连。熟悉关系词的用法。确定从句中缺少的成分，分析定语从句，确定从句中缺少主语、宾语、定语还是状语。这有助于选择合适的关系词。注意从句的完整性，确保所选关系词能使从句在语法和意义上保持完整。根据定语从句的语法规则，排除那些不符合题意的选项。结合语境进行判断，有时，题目中的语境可以帮助你确定正确的关系词。例如，当先行词指人时，可以优先考虑who或whom；当先行词指物时，可以考虑which或that。确保所选关系词在语法上是正确的，且能使从句与主句在语法和意义上保持一致。再次阅读题目和所选答案，确保定语从句在语法和意义上都是完整的。
20．The town ______ we visited last month is the one _______ the famous artist was born.
A．where; which B．where; where C．that; which D．that; where
【答案】D
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法；关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我们上个月参观的那个小镇就是这位著名艺术家出生的地方。 where，关系副词，指代地点，作状语（=介词+which） ；which，关系代词，指代物，作主语/宾语；that，关系代词，可指代人或物，在从句中作主语/宾语。第一空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The town，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that/which引导从句；第二空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the one，指代The town，指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故选D。【点评】考查定语从句。注意区分关系代词和关系副词的用法，先行词在从句中作宾语用that/which，作地点状语用where。
二、A
This is where you can explore unknown and the most interesting facts about our living planet, the universe, and people's lifestyles. Here are some top unmissable festivals from around the world.
Rio Carnival, Brazil
It is a five-day festival which takes place forty days before Easter. Rio de Janeiro has earned its title as the Carnival capital of the world with its famous samba dancing, colourful eye-catching clothes and live music.
Holi Festival, India
Holi is a Hindu spring festival, also known as the "festival of colours". It is a sign of the victory of good over evil, the end of winter, and the arrival of spring. Starting with a nighttime bonfire where people gather, sing and dance, Holi is celebrated the next day by people throwing coloured powder and water at each other.
St. Patrick's Day, Ireland
Held on March 17 every year, it is a celebration to mark the death of Ireland's patron saint (守护神) Saint Patrick. Since 1996, an entire festival of parades, fireworks as well as food and drinks has surrounded the celebration. Enjoy traditional songs and dances, watch musical street theatre shows and get dressed in all green as you celebrate Irish heritage (遗产) and culture.
Burning Man Festival, United States
As a week-long event at the end of August in the Black Rock Desert of Nevada, it attracts tens of thousands of people from all over the world each year. Tickets to Burning Man are not cheap. But once you're there, you will surely have an unforgettable experience. The main event is burning a large wooden statue (雕像) on Saturday night, followed by a big dance party that lasts all night long.
21．Which of the following is NOT presented on St. Patrick's Day
A．Traditional songs and dances. B．Street theatre performances.
C．Traditional art shows. D．Green clothes.
22．Which festival lasts the longest in celebration
A．Rio Carnival. B．Holi Festival.
C．St. Patrick's Day. D．Burning Man Festival.
23．What do the festivals have in common
A．There is no need to buy tickets.
B．People are all dressed in traditional clothes.
C．Dance is a common way to celebrate.
D．They centre on specific religious customs.
【答案】21．C
22．D
23．C
【知识点】细节理解题；说明文；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了来自世界各地的几个不容错过的顶级节日，并分别阐述了各节日的相关情况、庆祝方式及特色等内容。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。
21．细节理解题。根据St. Patrick's Day, Ireland 部分中"Enjoy traditional songs and dances, watch musical street theatre shows and get dressed in all green as you celebrate Irish heritage and culture.(欣赏传统歌曲和舞蹈，观看音乐街剧院表演，并在庆祝爱尔兰遗产和文化时穿着绿色的衣服。)"可知，在圣帕特里克节有传统歌舞、街头音乐剧表演以及身着绿色服装等活动，并未提到传统艺术展览。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据第二段Rio Carnival, Brazil中"It is a five-day festival which takes place forty days before Easter.(这是一个为期五天的节日，在复活节前四十天举行。)"可知，Rio Carnival是为期五天的节日；根据第三段中"Starting with a nighttime bonfire where people gather, sing and dance, Holi is celebrated the next day by people throwing coloured powder and water at each other. (从夜间篝火晚会开始，人们聚集，唱歌和跳舞，第二天人们会通过互相扔彩色粉末和水来庆祝洒红节。)"可知，Holi Festival从夜间篝火开始到第二天人们互相投掷彩粉和水庆祝；根据第四段中"Held on March 17 every year, it is a celebration to mark the death of Ireland's patron saint Saint Patrick.(每年3月17日举行，这是一个庆祝活动，以纪念爱尔兰守护神圣帕特里克的死亡)"可知，St. Patrick's Day是在每年3月17日当天庆祝；根据第五段中"As a week-long event at the end of August in the Black Rock Desert of Nevada, it attracts tens of thousands of people from all over the world each year.(作为8月底在内华达州黑石沙漠的为期一周的活动，它每年都吸引成千上万的人)"可知，Burning Man Festival 是为期一周的活动。对比可知，庆祝时间最长的是 Burning Man Festival。故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据Rio Carnival, Brazil部分中"Rio de Janeiro has earned its title as the Carnival capital of the world with its famous samba dancing, colourful eye-catching clothes and live music.(里约热内卢凭借其著名的桑巴舞、色彩缤纷的醒目服装和现场音乐，赢得了"世界狂欢节之都"的称号。)"，Holi Festival, India部分中的"Starting with a nighttime bonfire where people gather, sing and dance, Holi is celebrated the next day by people throwing coloured powder and water at each other.(从夜间篝火晚会开始，人们聚集，唱歌和跳舞，第二天人们会通过互相扔彩色粉末和水来庆祝洒红节。)"，St. Patrick's Day, Ireland 部分中"Enjoy traditional songs and dances, watch musical street theatre shows and get dressed in all green as you celebrate Irish heritage and culture.(欣赏传统歌曲和舞蹈，观看音乐街剧院表演，并在庆祝爱尔兰遗产和文化时穿着绿色的衣服。)"以及Burning Man Festival, United States部分中的"The main event is burning a large wooden statue (雕像) on Saturday night, followed by a big dance party that lasts all night long.(主要活动是在星期六晚上燃烧一个大型木制雕像，然后举行一次大型舞会，持续一整夜)"可知，这几个节日共同之处在于跳舞都是庆祝的常见方式。故选C。
三、B
By the middle of the last decade, I had been studying Indian Butterflies for over 20 years. However, I had never observed butterflies at high altitudes in the trans-Himalayan habitat. So, in 2015, I decided to visit Ladakh to search for butterflies.
My first "butterflying" visit to Ladakh was in June 2016, then in July of the same year, followed by another visit in August 2018. For these visits, I charted out a two-week schedule on each occasion. I covered some of the well-known locations.
Each habitat we explored had its unique mix of butterfly species. By trickling streams and wet areas, we found Small and Dusky Green Underwings, along with numerous Meadowblues, all part of the Blues family. In alpine meadows, countless white and yellow butterflies from the Yellows and Whites family fluttered (翩翩飞舞) about. More than once, I'd spot a white or yellow butterfly flying across the meadow, and chase after it, only to find myself out of breath in Ladakh's thin air while the butterfly gracefully flew away. Once, I chased a Butler's Dwarf butterfly for 15 minutes, managing only a few photos before it disappeared. Another time, I spotted dozens of Clouded Yellow butterflies in an alpine meadow. I spent half an hour chasing them, only for them to fly away each time.
Over the course of multiple visits to Ladakh for butterfly observation, I've had the remarkable opportunity to photograph more than 40 "lifers" — species I encountered for the very first time. These discoveries have added valuable knowledge to the field and led to the publication of two research papers in the "Journal of Threatened Taxa."
In addition to this, partnered with the Snow Leopard Conservancy to create a small booklet showcasing 50 butterfly species found in Ladakh, with the goal of raising awareness and promoting butterfly watching as a unique and sustainable activity. This initiative aims to inspire both locals and tourists to explore the rich biodiversity of the region, while fostering a greater appreciation for Ladakh's delicate ecosystems.
24．Why did the author decide to visit Ladakh
A．To survey butterflies at high altitudes.
B．To search for butterfly habitats.
C．To carry out a travel schedule.
D．To recommend tourist attractions.
25．Which best describes the author's chasing butterflies
A．Challenging and fascinating. B．Scary and exciting.
C．Embarrassing and amusing. D．Dangerous and interesting.
26．What is the author's purpose of making a booklet
A．To document insect species in India.
B．To encourage eco-aware exploration.
C．To promote local tourism in Ladakh.
D．To compare butterfly research findings.
27．What is the best title for the text
A．Uniqueness of Butterflies B．A Fascinating Journey
C．Biodiversity in Ladakh D．A Fluttering Discovery
【答案】24．A
25．A
26．B
27．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，是一位研究印度蝴蝶超过20年的学者讲述自己多次赴Ladakh高海拔地区考察蝴蝶的经历，记录了在不同栖息地发现的丰富蝴蝶物种，分享了追逐蝴蝶的趣事，并介绍了由此产生的学术成果与保护行动。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"However, I had never observed butterflies at high altitudes in the trans-Himalayan habitat. So, in 2015, I decided to visit Ladakh to search for butterflies."然而，我从未在高海拔的跨喜马拉雅栖息地观察过蝴蝶。所以，在2015年，我决定去拉达克寻找蝴蝶。可知，作者决定访问拉达克是为了在高海拔地区观察蝴蝶。故选A。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段中的"More than once, I'd spot a white or yellow butterfly flying across the meadow, and chase after it, only to find myself out of breath in Ladakh's thin air while the butterfly gracefully flew away. Once, I chased a Butler's Dwarf butterfly for 15 minutes, managing only a few photos before it disappeared. Another time, I spotted dozens of Clouded Yellow butterflies in an alpine meadow. I spent half an hour chasing them, only for them to fly away each time."不止一次，我发现一只白色或黄色的蝴蝶飞过草地，就去追它，结果发现自己在拉达克稀薄的空气中上气不接下气，而蝴蝶却优雅地飞走了。有一次，我追了一只巴特勒矮蝴蝶15分钟，在它消失之前只拍了几张照片。还有一次，我在高山草地上发现了几十只云黄蝴蝶。我花了半个小时追它们，结果它们每次都飞走了。可知，追逐蝴蝶很费力，具有挑战性；以及第四段"Over the course of multiple visits to Ladakh for butterfly observation, I've had the remarkable opportunity to photograph more than 40‘lifers' — species I encountered for the very first time. These discoveries have added valuable knowledge to the field and led to the publication of two research papers in the ‘Journal of Threatened Taxa.'"在多次前往拉达克观察蝴蝶的过程中，我有机会拍摄了40多种"生命生物"——我第一次遇到的物种。这些发现为该领域增加了宝贵的知识，并在《濒危分类群杂志》上发表了两篇研究论文。可知，作者第一次遇到了舞蝶物种，增加了宝贵知识，说明过程很有吸引力。故作者追逐蝴蝶的过程具有挑战性和吸引力。故选A。
26．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"In addition to this, partnered with the Snow Leopard Conservancy to create a small booklet showcasing 50 butterfly species found in Ladakh, with the goal of raising awareness and promoting butterfly watching as a unique and sustainable activity."除此之外，我还与雪豹保护协会合作，制作了一本小册子，展示了在拉达克发现的50种蝴蝶，目的是提高人们的意识，并将观赏蝴蝶作为一项独特而可持续的活动。可知，作者制作小册子的目的是鼓励生态探索。故选B。
27．标题归纳题。根据第二段中的"My first‘butterflying' visit to Ladakh was in June 2016, then in July of the same year, followed by another visit in August 2018."我第一次"蝴蝶飞舞"访问拉达克是在2016年6月，然后是同年7月，接着是2018年8月；结合全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者去拉达克高海拔地区观察蝴蝶，描述了追逐蝴蝶的过程以及感受。"翩翩飞舞的发现"适合作本文标题，故选D。
四、C
The sounds of rain, birdsong, or the wind rustling leaves in the forest are all part of the music of nature. These sounds can fire emotions and promote calm. That's why tracks of nature have been used in so many songs like "Blackbird" by the Beatles.
Now, Sounds Right, an initiative from the Museum for the United Nations is cooperating with Spotify and other streaming platforms to recognize nature as a musician. This means that nature can be paid royalties (版税) that can be made use of when it comes to environmental causes and conservation. This new initiative allows artists who use environmental sounds to credit "Nature" as a featured artist and share the royalties.
"It's a way of saying to artists, We all use sounds like seagulls, waves and wind. Why don't we pay nature a royalty " said Brian Eno, who remixed his collaboration Get Real with David Bowie. "Hopefully, it'll be a river, or a torrent, or a flood of royalties — and then what we do is distribute that among groups of people who are working on projects to help us deal with the future."
Other artists who contributed songs for the project include Tom Walker and Ellie Goulding, MO, and alternative music star Aurora who is releasing a new song, "A Soul With No King", that includes the sounds of a forest in her native Norway. "I feel like music that has the ability to make contact with nature seem appealing again," she said, "because, somewhere deep inside our soul, we are really yearning for it."
While there has been a long debate on whether streaming contributes to harmful emissions, giving nature credit and royalties can turn streaming to the right side of climate action. This project is just one of a growing movement to give nature legal rights and could restore the weak relationship between humans and the environment.
28．Why does the author mention the Beatles in the first paragraph
A．To prove the key role of nature in music.
B．To show the influence of music on nature.
C．To emphasize the importance of musicians.
D．To tell the inspiration for the new initiative.
29．What will the royalties for nature be used for
A．Human health. B．Musical activities.
C．Environmental protection. D．The entertainment industry.
30．What does the underlined phrase "yearning for" in paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Recording. B．Desiring. C．Singing. D．Interpreting.
31．What does the author indicate at last
A．The new initiative still deserves praising.
B．Streaming does great harm to the environment.
C．More projects are needed to fight climate change.
D．Humans have been living in harmony with nature.
【答案】28．D
29．C
30．B
31．A
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；环境保护类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了大自然音乐对人们有好处，为此新举措允许使用环境声音的艺术家将"自然"列为特色艺术家，并分享版税。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和词义猜测题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。 做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段"The sounds of rain, birdsong, or the wind rustling leaves in the forest are all part of the music of nature. These sounds can fire emotions and promote calm. That's why tracks of nature have been used in so many songs like "Blackbird" by the Beatles.(雨声、鸟鸣、风吹树叶的声音都是大自然音乐的一部分。这些声音可以激发情绪，促进平静。这就是为什么在披头士乐队的"黑鸟"等歌曲中使用了如此多的自然音轨)"以及第二段"Now, Sounds Right, an initiative from the Museum for the United Nations is cooperating with Spotify and other streaming platforms to recognize nature as a musician. This means that nature can be paid royalties (版税) that can be made use of when it comes to environmental causes and conservation. This new initiative allows artists who use environmental sounds to credit "Nature" as a featured artist and share the royalties.(现在，联合国博物馆（Museum for United Nations）的一项倡议"Sounds Right"正在与Spotify和其他流媒体平台合作，以表彰大自然是一位音乐家。这意味着大自然可以获得版税，这些版税可以用于环境事业和保护。这项新举措允许使用环境声音的艺术家将"自然"列为特色艺术家，并分享版税)"可知，第一段提到披头士乐队是为了讲述新倡议的灵感来源。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段"This means that nature can be paid royalties (版税) that can be made use of when it comes to environmental causes and conservation.(这意味着大自然可以获得特许权使用费，这些特许权使用费可以用于环境事业和保护)"可知，自然特许权使用费将用于环境保护。故选C。
30．词义猜测题。根据划线词上文"I feel like music that has the ability to make contact with nature seem appealing again(我觉得那种能够让人与自然接触的音乐似乎再次吸引人)"以及"because, somewhere deep inside our soul, we are really(因为在我们灵魂深处的某个地方，我们真的……)"可知，那种能够让人与自然接触的音乐似乎再次吸引人是因为我们灵魂深处渴望这种音乐。故划线词意思是"渴望"。故选B。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段"This project is just one of a growing movement to give nature legal rights and could restore the weak relationship between humans and the environment.(这个项目只是一个不断发展的运动之一，赋予自然合法权利，可以恢复人与环境之间脆弱的关系)"可知，作者最后指出新的倡议仍然值得赞扬。故选A。
五、D
A parasocial relationship （PSR）is generally defined as a relationship in which one member of the relationship isn't aware of the other — for example, a fan loves a celebrity, but the celebrity doesn't know they exist.
The term "parasocial relationships" first appeared in the 1950s, when psychologists tried to understand how television viewers reacted to TV personalities speaking to them directly out of the screen. Later in the 70s and 80s, scholars began to assume that forming parasocial relationships was driven by loneliness. However, not-lonely people are just as likely to form a connection with that person on the screen. As fandoms（粉丝圈）became more visible throughout the latter half of the 20th century, parasocial relationships became associated with youth and immaturity.
It's true that adolescents particularly tend to develop intense parasocial relationships because it can be a chance to practice real adult feelings on someone at a safe distance. But digital interaction complicates these natural relationships. Since the rise of social media, the phenomenon of parasocial relationships has been hugely amplified（放大）. The traditional arrangement of PSRs, where the fan has no actual contact with a celebrity, is visibly changed by our new means of communication — a celebrity might see a fan's message or even reply.
When fans are gaining access to the celebrity through social media posts, it increases the feeling of closeness. People think they really have more of a relationship than they do. Online fandoms, especially large ones full of adolescents with strong emotions can generate bad behavior among adults. Behavior that might have been limited to one person or a few people might be, thanks to social media, given the chance to spread. "There's a sort of echo chamber effect（回声室效应）where people convince themselves, ‘everyone agrees with me and therefore we are all right in our approach,'" says Gayle Stever, the author of Parasocial Experiences.
Parasocial relationships are natural and not inherently （固有地）unhealthy. But as Stever says, "Anything that can be true about a regular social relationship can be true about a parasocialrel ationship."
32．Which aspect of parasocial relationships does paragraph 2 talk about
A．Their features. B．Their development.
C．Their forms. D．Their influence.
33．How has social media changed parasocial relationships
A．Most online users are adolescents.
B．Fans can meet celebrities in person.
C．PSRs become more common among fans.
D．Fans can interact with celebrities online.
34．Why does Stever mention the echo chamber effect in her book
A．To explain how behavior spreads in online fandoms.
B．To prove that fans are easily persuaded by others.
C．To illustrate the reasons why fans' actions are right.
D．To stress the fact that Stever's book is important.
35．What is the writer's attitude towards parasocial relationships
A．Approving. B．Negative. C．Unclear. D．Objective.
【答案】32．B
33．D
34．A
35．D
【知识点】推理判断题；观点态度题；段落大意；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了拟社会关系（parasocial relationships）的定义、起源、发展、影响及特点，指出拟社会关系并不固有地不健康，但也要认识到其可能带来的问题。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题，段落大意题和观点态度题四种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。 做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做段落大意题时，注意确定主题句，主题句是段落中表达主要观点或思想的句子，通常位于段落的开头或结尾，偶尔也会出现在段落中间。由于主题句往往出现在段落的首尾，因此仔细阅读段落的首尾句是快速把握段落大意的有效方法。段落中的转折词和总结性语言常用来引入新的观点或总结段落内容，对理解段落大意至关重要。在理解段落信息的基础上，用简洁的语言概括段落的主要内容。做观点态度题时，掌握态度词汇，态度词汇是表达作者情感倾向和观点的重要工具。考生应掌握一些常见的态度词汇，如表示赞同的approve/support，表示反对的oppose/criticize，表示中立的neutral/
objective等。在阅读文章时，注意这些词汇的出现，有助于快速判断作者的观点态度。寻找关键词和修饰语，关键词和修饰语是文章中表达作者观点和态度的重要线索。考生应重点关注那些与主题相关的动词、形容词和副词，以及它们所修饰的名词或句子。这些关键词和修饰语往往能够揭示作者的情感倾向和立场。推理作者意图，在阅读过程中，考生应善于从字里行间捕捉作者的意图。通过分析文章的叙述方式、论据的组织和论证的方法等，可以推断出作者的观点和态度。
32．段落大意题。根据第一句"The term ‘parasocial relationships' first appeared in the 1950s, when psychologists tried to understand how television viewers reacted to TV personalities speaking to them directly out of the screen.(拟社会关系一词最早出现在20世纪50年代，当时心理学家试图了解电视观众是如何对电视人物直接从屏幕上与他们交谈做出反应的。)"可知，第二段首先讲述拟社会关系的起源，然后从文中"Later in the 70s and 80s, scholars began to assume that forming parasocial relationships was driven by loneliness. However, not-lonely people are just as likely to form a connection with that person on the screen. As fandoms（粉丝圈）became more visible throughout the latter half of the 20th century, parasocial relationships became associated with youth and immaturity.(在70年代和80年代后期，学者们开始认为形成反社会关系是由孤独驱使的。然而，不孤独的人同样有可能在屏幕上与那个人建立联系。随着粉丝圈在20世纪后半叶变得更加明显，拟社会关系与年轻和不成熟联系在一起。)"可知，接着讲述其随时间的推移而发展的情况。由此可知，第二段主要讲拟社会关系的发展。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段"Since the rise of social media, the phenomenon of parasocial relationships has been hugely amplified（放大）.The traditional arrangement of PSRs, where the fan has no actual contact with a celebrity, is visibly changed by our new means of communication—a celebrity might see a fan's message or even reply.(自从社交媒体兴起以来，超社会关系现象被极大地放大了。传统的拟社会关系，即粉丝与名人没有实际接触，由于我们新的沟通方式而发生了明显的变化——名人可能会看到粉丝的信息，甚至回复。)"可知，社交媒体改变了拟社会关系，粉丝可以在线与名人互动。故选D。
34．推理判断题。根据第四段"When fans are gaining access to the celebrity through social media posts, it increases the feeling of closeness. People think they really have more of a relationship than they do. Online fandoms, especially large ones full of adolescents with strong emotions can generate bad behavior among adults. Behavior that might have been limited to one person or a few people might be, thanks to social media, given the chance to spread.(当粉丝通过社交媒体帖子接触到这位名人时，会增加亲密感。人们认为他们真的有比他们更多的关系。网络粉丝，尤其是那些充满强烈情绪的青少年的大型粉丝群，会在成年人中产生不良行为。由于社交媒体，可能仅限于一个人或几个人的行为可能会有机会传播。)"可知，这部分内容提到了社交媒体使粉丝行为传播地更快，另外根据本段最后一句"‘There's a sort of echo chamber effect where people convince themselves, ‘everyone agrees with me and therefore we are all right in our approach,' says Gayle Stever, the author of Parasocial Experiences.(拟社会经历一书的作者盖尔·斯特弗说:"有一种回声室效应，人们说服自己，‘每个人都同意我的看法，所以我们的方法是正确的。')"可知，斯特弗在书中提到回声室效应是为了解释在线粉丝群体中行为是如何传播的。故选A。
35．观点态度题。根据最后一段"Parasocial relationships are natural and not inherently unhealthy. But as Stever says, ‘Anything that can be true about a regular social relationship can be true about a parasocial relationship.'(拟社会关系是自然的，并非天生不健康。但正如Stever所说，"任何关于常规社会关系的事实都可能是关于拟社会关系的。")"可知，作者对拟社会关系持客观态度，认为其并不固有地不健康，但也要认识到其可能带来的问题。故选D。
六、E
LignoSat, the world's first satellite made mostly from wood, reached the International Space Station (ISS) aboard a SpaceX cargo capsule on November 5, 2024. The palm-sized satellite, named after the Latin word for "wood", will be launched from the ISS into Earth's orbit later this month. Its mission is to determine if wood can resist the harsh conditions of space. If successful, LignoSat could pave the way for more environmentally friendly spacecraft designs.
The LignoSat Space Wood Project is led by Japan's Kyoto University. The researchers began by sending a small panel containing three different wood samples to the ISS in 2022. The panel was exposed to space for ten months before being returned to Earth in early 2023. After analyzing the results, the team picked wood from magnolia trees for the satellite.
"Nobody had ever thought about using wood for rocket science before," said Professor Koji Murata of Kyoto University. "Many engineers thought wood was old technology and couldn't be applied to cutting-edge technology."
The main reason for testing a wooden satellite is to reduce space junk. Current satellites are primarily made of aluminum. The metal reacts with oxygen when the satellites burn up in Earth's atmosphere at the end of their life cycle. This process releases aluminum oxide particles, potentially damaging the ozone layer. Wooden satellites, which leave behind only water and carbon dioxide, could help alleviate this issue.
"All the satellites that re-enter the Earth's atmosphere burn and create tiny alumina particles, which will float in the upper atmosphere for many years," said Takao Doi, an aerospace engineer. "Eventually, it will affect the environment of the Earth."
Researchers also see a future where trees could be grown on the Moon and Mars. Successfully testing a wooden satellite will demonstrate that wood can withstand harsh space conditions.
LignoSat will orbit the Earth for six months, gathering valuable data before burning up in the atmosphere. Murata and his team aim to use this information to design larger and more advanced wooden satellites and devices.
36．What is the main task of the LignoSat satellite
A．To provide supplies for the ISS.
B．To determine the endurance of the wood in space.
C．To test the circling capability of wooden satellites.
D．To confirm the size of the wooden satellite in space.
37．Which decision is made based on experimental results
A．Deciding the exposure time of the trial panel.
B．Sending different wood samples into space.
C．Selecting magnolia wood as the satellite material.
D．Cooperating with Kyoto University on the project.
38．What is the main environmental advantage of wooden satellites
A．They can be repurposed through recycling.
B．They will not release aluminum oxide particles.
C．They can control the amount of space waste overall.
D．They can be obtained as building materials in space.
39．What is the author's purpose in writing the article
A．To describe the process of making the LignoSat satellite.
B．To discuss the potential environmental impact of wooden satellites.
C．To illustrate the practicality and meaning of using wooden satellites.
D．To compare the features of wooden satellites and aluminum satellites.
【答案】36．B
37．C
38．B
39．C
【知识点】细节理解题；说明文；科普类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了世界首个木卫星LignoSat及其测试意义和环保优势。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和主旨大意题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
36．细节理解题。根据第一段"Its mission is to determine if wood can resist the harsh conditions of space.(它的任务是确定木材是否能够抵抗太空的恶劣条件)"可知，LignoSat卫星的主要任务是确定木材是否能抵御太空的恶劣条件，也就是确定木材在太空中的耐受性。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段"The panel was exposed to space for ten months before being returned to Earth in early 2023. After analyzing the results, the team picked wood from magnolia trees for the satellite.(该面板在2023年初返回地球之前，在太空中暴露了十个月。在分析结果后，研究小组从木兰树上为卫星挑选了木材)"可知，在分析了实验结果后，研究小组选择了木兰树的木材来制作卫星，所以选择木兰木作为卫星材料这一决定是基于实验结果做出的。故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据第四段"Current satellites are primarily made of aluminum. The metal reacts with oxygen when the satellites burn up in Earth's atmosphere at the end of their life cycle. This process releases aluminum oxide particles, potentially damaging the ozone layer. Wooden satellites, which leave behind only water and carbon dioxide, could help alleviate this issue.(目前的卫星主要由铝制成。当卫星在其生命周期结束时在地球大气层中燃烧殆尽时，这种金属会与氧气发生反应。这一过程会释放出氧化铝颗粒，有可能会破坏臭氧层。而木质卫星在燃烧后仅会产生水和二氧化碳，这有助于缓解这一问题)"可知，木质卫星的主要环境优势是它们不会释放氧化铝颗粒，而铝制卫星会释放氧化铝颗粒可能损害臭氧层，木质卫星仅留下水和二氧化碳，有助于缓解这一问题。故选B。
39．主旨大意题。根据第一段"LignoSat, the world's first satellite made mostly from wood, reached the International Space Station (ISS) aboard a SpaceX cargo capsule on November 5, 2024. The palm-sized satellite, named after the Latin word for "wood", will be launched from the ISS into Earth's orbit later this month. Its mission is to determine if wood can resist the harsh conditions of space. If successful, LignoSat could pave the way for more environmentally friendly spacecraft designs.(2024 年11月5日，世界上首颗主要由木材制成的卫星"木质卫星（LignoSat）搭乘 SpaceX 公司的货运太空舱抵达了国际空间站。这颗手掌大小的卫星以拉丁语中表示"木材"的单词命名，将于本月晚些时候从国际空间站发射进入地球轨道。它的任务是确定木材能否抵御太空的恶劣环境。如果成功，"木质卫星"将为更环保的航天器设计铺平道路)"可知，文章第一段介绍了LignoSat卫星及其任务，接着阐述了测试木质卫星的原因（减少太空垃圾）以及其环保优势，还提到了研究人员对木质卫星的未来展望等，整体都是在说明使用木质卫星的实用性和意义。故选C。
七、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Your Path to Emotional Maturity
Emotions play a critical part in life. In order to grow and be better than before, you must learn to be emotionally intelligent. Let's explore some powerful strategies to help you become emotionally mature!
Try using "I" statements
Whenever you feel hurt, you need to tell others your feelings in a considerate way. The best way to do this is by using "I" statements instead of "You" statements. For example, you should use the statement: "I feel miserable and heartbroken" instead of "You make me feel miserable and heartbroken".　40． 　
Own your feelings
If you want to change yourself, start with taking ownership of your feelings. However, in some situations, instead of owning your feelings, you tend to deflect (转移) them and make others feel guilty about how you are feeling.　41． 　 Embrace them as a part of yourself because they are a part of you, right
　42． 　
People interact with us like we are mind readers sometimes; this happens mostly in relationships. Your partner would want you to know exactly what they want and when they want it; this can be extremely annoying. Just as you aren't a mind reader, others aren't either. You need to share your needs with the other person, and they need to do the same with you.
Mind your actions and words
Often, you say a lot when you are emotional, especially when you are angry.　43． 　 You need to mind whatever you say and do; this can either make the other person love or hate you. The strategy in a stressful situation is to focus on yourself instead of focusing on others; this will calm you down instantly.
Always question your thoughts
Actions and words have the same importance; this is what I need you to understand. In some situations, your loved ones could be hurting you through their words or their actions, and you could also be wrong.　44． 　 What happens in more than 70% of situations is that you let negative thoughts take hold of you; this is completely wrong.
A. Attempt to be mind readers.
B. Communicate your needs.
C. You'd better not let negative thoughts question your judgment.
D. Thus, rather than dump them on others, learn to take charge of your feelings.
E. The approach is non-aggressive and describes you as emotionally mature.
F. If not controlled, it can have severe consequences, especially in your relationship.
G. Let's say that you get into a fight with your partner, and you also get hurt.
【答案】40．E；41．D；42．B；43．F；44．C
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何更好地管理自己的情绪，通过提高情绪智力来实现情感成熟的一些策略。备选项的中文意思：
A. 试图去读懂他人心意。
B. 表达你的需求。
C. 你最好不要让消极想法质疑你的判断力。
D. 因此，与其把情绪倒给别人，不如学会掌控自己的情绪。
E. 这种方式不具攻击性，且表明你在情绪上很成熟。
F. 如果不加以控制，它可能会产生后果严重，尤其是在你的人际关系中。
G. 假设你和你的伴侣吵了一架，而且你也受到了伤害。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题技巧如下：1. 看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。2. 首先快速浏览一遍几个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。3. 精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。4. 看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。5. 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though, however 等。
40．上文"For example, you should use the statement: "I feel miserable and heartbroken" instead of "You make me feel miserable and heartbroken". (例如，你应该使用这样的陈述：‘我感到痛苦和心碎'，而不是‘你让我感到痛苦和心碎'。)"举例说明如何使用I来表达情感，E项"这种方式不具攻击性，且表明你在情绪上很成熟。"强调了例子中做法的好处和效果；选项中的"this approach"指代例子，"non-aggressive"和 "emotionally mature" 陈述了使用"I"陈述的沟通方式是一种非攻击性的方法，并且能够展示出说话者在情感上的成熟度。故选E。
41．上文"However, in some situations, instead of owning your feelings, you tend to deflect (转移) them and make others feel guilty about how you are feeling. (然而，在某些情况下，你不是承认自己的感受，而是倾向于将它们转移，并让他人对你的感觉感到内疚。)"阐述了人们错误的做法是将感受转移到他人身上，可推断下文应该阐述正确的做法。 D项"因此，与其把情绪倒给别人，不如学会掌控自己的情绪。"指出了正确的做法，与上文构成因果关系；选项中的"dump them on others"呼应上文"you tend to deflect (转移) them and make others feel guilty about how you are feeling, learn to take charge of your feelings"，同时，下文中"them"指代D选项中的your feelings，并进一步强调情感属于自己一部分，和他人无关，前后呼应。故选D。
42．空处为小标题，应该首先要和其他段落标题结构相似，运用简单的祈使句；由下文"People interact with us like we are mind readers sometimes; this happens mostly in relationships. Your partner would want you to know exactly what they want and when they want it; this can be extremely annoying. Just as you aren't a mind reader, others aren't either. You need to share your needs with the other person, and they need to do the same with you.(有时人们与我们的互动就像我们能读心术一样；这主要发生在人际关系中。你的伴侣希望你确切地知道他们想要什么，什么时候想要；这是非常恼人的。就像你不会读心术一样，其他人也不会。你需要与他人分享你的需求，他们也需要与你分享。)"可知，本段主要阐述要与他人沟通自己的需求，强调交流的重要性；B选项"Communicate your needs."（ 表达你的需求。）能够概括本段主旨。故选B。
43．上文"Often, you say a lot when you are emotional, especially when you are angry. (通常，当你情绪激动时，尤其是当你生气时，你会说很多话。)"说明了人情绪激动时候会不在意自己言语， F选项"If not controlled, it can have severe consequences, especially in your relationship.（如果不加以控制，它可能会产生后果严重，尤其是在你的人际关系中。）"承接上文，阐述情绪激动时，尤其是当你生气时，你会说很多话如果不控制会带来的后果。下文"You need to mind whatever you say and do.（你需要在意自己的所说所做）"告诉读者正确的做法，F项承上启下，故选F。
44．上文"In some situations, your loved ones could be hurting you through their words or their actions, and you could also be wrong.（在某些情况下，你所爱的人可能会通过言语或行为伤害到你，而你也可能犯错。）"说明与爱的人之间通过言语和行为互相伤害的情况会发生。C选项"You'd better not let negative thoughts question your judgment."（你最好不要让消极想法质疑你的判断力。）阐述在伤害发生的时候，不能让消极情感质疑你的判断力，承接上文，也与本段标题相呼应。同时，C项中"negative thoughts"与下文"What happens in more than 70% of situations is that you let negative thoughts take hold of you; this is completely wrong.（在超过70%的情况下，你会让消极思想占据主导地位；这是完全错误的。）"中的"negative thoughts"为同词复现；C选项承接上文，呼应下文，符合语境。故选C。
八、阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was a cold January school day in South Carolina. Despite the icy wind, the middle school students were 45． about their tasks — a two-week design thinking project which 46． to design and build a home for homeless people by using shipping pallets (托盘).
Working outside in this 47． weather was tough. 48． , the students were inspired to complete the project because they sincerely hoped to 49． the homeless. Some were moving pallets. Others were studying the blueprints of the tiny house being built, 50． what they had learned in math class.
As I assisted some students in 51． a heavy section of pallet-constructed wall, I glanced over at Luca, whose eyes were filled with 52． . "Never in my life did I think I can build a house for the homeless, Mr. Riddle, and we're just kids! This is 53． !"
Two weeks. That was it. Through tapping into the learning potential of design thinking, our students 54． more knowledge in those two weeks than they ever would have in a classroom. To 55． this task, they developed a deep understanding of the issue that came from both "head knowledge" and "heart knowledge". 56． by what they had learned, they believed that they could make a 57． .
At the end of our design 58． , Luca's mother approached me to discuss her son's work. She was glad to have her kid 59． such a crazy school.
45．A．confused B．worried C．excited D．curious
46．A．promised B．aimed C．urged D．allowed
47．A．mild B．hot C．snowy D．freezing
48．A．Otherwise B．Moreover C．However D．Therefore
49．A．help B．visit C．meet D．inspire
50．A．ignoring B．using C．remembering D．copying
51．A．tearing down B．holding up C．picking out D．clearing away
52．A．sadness B．admiration C．desire D．wonder
53．A．silly B．amazing C．risky D．boring
54．A．exchanged B．updated C．gained D．forgot
55．A．finish B．prepare C．delay D．refuse
56．A．Surrounded B．Motivated C．Attracted D．Shaken
57．A．difference B．living C．fame D．profit
58．A．examination B．invention C．challenge D．discovery
59．A．attend B．escape C．comment D．reject
【答案】45．C；46．B；47．D；48．C；49．A；50．B；51．B；52．D；53．B；54．C；55．A；56．B；57．A；58．C；59．A
【知识点】名词辨析；形容词的词义辨析；动词的词义辨析；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一群中学生在寒冷的天气下参与设计建造住所的项目，并从中学到很多知识并感到成就感的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。
45．句意：尽管寒风凛冽，这些中学生们对他们的任务感到兴奋——一个为期两周的设计思维项目，旨在利用运输托盘为无家可归者设计并建造一所房屋。A. confused困惑的；B. worried担忧的；C. excited兴奋的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文"the students were inspired to complete the project"可知，学生们受到鼓舞想要完成这个项目，说明他们对任务是感到兴奋的。故选C。
46．句意：尽管寒风凛冽，这些中学生们对他们的任务感到兴奋——一个为期两周的设计思维项目，旨在利用运输托盘为无家可归者设计并建造一所房屋。 A. promised承诺；B. aimed旨在；C. urged敦促；D. allowed允许。 根据后文"design and build a home for homeless people by using shipping pallets"可知，这个项目的目的是利用托盘为无家可归的人建造房屋。aim to do sth.表示"旨在做某事"。故选B。
47．句意：在这种极冷的天气里在户外工作很艰难。A. mild温和的；B. hot炎热的；C. snowy下雪的；D. freezing极冷的。根据前文"It was a cold January school day"以及"Despite the icy wind"可知，天气是寒冷的，freezing可表示 "极冷的"，符合语境。故选D。
48．句意：然而，学生们受到鼓舞完成了这个项目，因为他们真诚地希望能帮助无家可归的人。 A. Otherwise否则；B. Moreover此外；C. However然而；D. Therefore因此。 根据前文"Working outside in this 3 weather was tough"和后文"the students were inspired to complete the project"可知，前后为转折关系，应用however。故选C。
49．句意：然而，学生们受到鼓舞要完成这个项目，因为他们真心希望帮助无家可归的人。A. help帮助；B. visit拜访；C. meet遇见；D. inspire激励。根据前文"design and build a home for homeless people"可知，学生们想要为无家可归的人设计建造房屋，这是在帮助他们。故选A。
50．句意：其他人正在研究正在建造的小房子的蓝图，使用他们在数学课上所学的东西。 A. ignoring忽视；B. using使用；C. remembering记住；D. copying复制。 根据后文"what they had learned in math class"可知，其他人正在使用在数学课上所学的东西研究蓝图。故选B。
51．句意：当我帮助一些学生举起托盘建造的墙壁的沉重部分时，我瞥了一眼卢卡，他的眼睛里充满了惊奇。 A. tearing down拆除；B. holding up举起；C. picking out挑选；D. clearing away清除。 根据后文"a heavy section of pallet-constructed wall"可知，此处指作者帮助学生们举起托盘建造的墙壁的沉重部分。故选B。
52．句意：当我帮助一些学生举起托盘建造的墙壁的沉重部分时，我瞥了一眼卢卡，他的眼睛里充满了惊奇。 A. sadness悲伤；B. admiration钦佩；C. desire欲望；D. wonder惊奇，惊讶。 根据后文"Never in my life did I think I can build a house for the homeless, Mr. Riddle, and we're just kids!"可知，卢卡对自己能为无家可归者建房感到惊奇。故选D。
53．句意：里德尔先生，我这辈子都没想过能给无家可归的人建房子，我们只是孩子！这太神奇了！ A. silly愚蠢的；B. amazing令人惊奇的，不可思议的；C. risky冒险的；D. boring无聊的。 根据前文"Never in my life did I think I can build a house for the homeless, Mr. Riddle, and we're just kids!"可知，卢卡觉得能给无家可归的人建房子太神奇了。故选B。
54．句意：通过挖掘设计思维的学习潜力，我们的学生在那两周里获得的知识比在课堂上任何时候都要多。 A. exchanged交换；B. updated更新；C. gained获得；D. forgot忘记。 根据后文"more knowledge in those two weeks than they ever would have in a classroom"可知，学生们在那两周里获得了很多知识。故选C。
55．句意：为了完成这项任务，他们对该问题有了深刻的理解，这种理解既来自"头脑知识"，也来自"心灵知识"。 A. finish完成；B. prepare准备；C. delay延迟；D. refuse拒绝。 根据后文"this task, they developed a deep understanding of the issue that came from both "head knowledge" and "heart knowledge"."可知，这里应该是为了完成任务而对问题有深入理解。故选A。
56．句意：受到他们所学知识的激励，他们相信自己能够有所作为。 A. Surrounded包围；B. Motivated激励；C. Attracted吸引；D. Shaken摇动。 根据前文"they developed a deep understanding of the issue that came from both "head knowledge" and "heart knowledge""和""以及后文"they believed that they could make a 13 "可知，学生们对该问题有了深刻的理解，并受到他们所学知识的激励，相信自己能够有所作为。故选B。
57．句意：受到他们所学知识的激励，他们相信自己能够有所作为。 A. difference影响；B. living生活；C. fame名声；D. profit利润。 根据前文"they developed a deep understanding of the issue that came from both "head knowledge" and "heart knowledge""及" 12 by what they had learned"可知，他们对该问题有了深刻的理解，并受到他们所学知识的激励，相信自己有所作为。make a difference为固定短语，意为"有影响，起作用"。故选A。
58．句意：在设计挑战结束时，卢卡的母亲走过来和我讨论她儿子的工作。 A. examination考试；B. invention发明；C. challenge挑战；D. discovery发现。 根据前文"a two-week design thinking project"，"they developed a deep understanding of the issue that came from both "head knowledge" and "heart knowledge""和后文"such a crazy school"可知，这个项目对学生们来说有一定难度，是一种挑战。故选C。
59．句意：她很高兴她的孩子能上这样一所疯狂的学校。 A. attend参加；B. escape逃跑；C. comment评论；D. reject拒绝。 根据后文"such a crazy school"可知，此处指卢卡的母亲很高兴她的孩子能上这样一所疯狂的学校。attend school为固定短语，意为"上学"。故选A。
九、第二节 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China's self-developed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner has entered mass production,　60． 　 (break) long-standing foreign technological monopoly (垄断).　61． 　 (develop) by researchers from the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (SIAT), the device has been used at Peking University Shenzhen Hospital.
Li Ye, deputy director at the Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, SIAT, said, "The old MRI process was like taking　62． 　 (photo), through which the image　63． 　 (take) one by one. If the target moves a little, the final image will become indistinct. Now,　64． 　 such a fast imaging technology, the process is like making movies. We don't need to worry about a moving tissue, as we can see how it moves when it does."
SIAT's success lies in governmental input and early-stage industrial integration. In 2022, the institute　65． 　 (receive) 3.3 billion yuan (about $458 million) in funding — 17 percent from fixed funds from governmental departments. Mentioning the industrial integration, Guo Wanda, the executive head of SIAT, said that their researchers and entrepreneurs are often based in the same building　66． 　 they can discuss new products or developments directly

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