资源简介

广东省深圳市第二高级中学2024-2025学年高一下学期第六学段(期末)考试英语真题
一、单项选择题(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)
1．One of his most admirable ________ is his ability to remain calm under pressure.
A．catastrophes B．identities C．conquests D．traits
2．After years of planning, they finally decided to ________ the ambitious project.
A．consist of B．embark on C．take off D．put aside
3．The new ________ area is designed to provide a comfortable living environment for families.
A．ornamental B．vulnerable C．residential D．poisonous
4．The initial meeting was productive, and ________ discussions led to a successful agreement.
A．pioneering B．subsequent C．fragile D．depressing
5．She proved to be very ________ when she found creative solutions to the project's challenges.
A．resourceful B．substantial C．passive D．ethnic
6．Adding too many details to the project plan only served to ________ matters and delay progress.
A．complicate B．outnumber C．reconstruct D．portray
7．Despite numerous challenges, she continued to make every ________ to achieve her academic goals.
A．likelihood B．navigation C．endeavor D．anticipation
8．When planning their future, the couple tried to ________ a life filled with happiness and success for their family.
A．boost B．savor C．retreat D．envision
9．He decided to ________ his spare time to volunteering, believing it was a meaningful way to contribute to society.
A．degrade B．neglect C．interfere D．dedicate
10．The artist found ________ in the vibrant colours of the sunset, which motivated him to create a new masterpiece.
A．cultivation B．inspiration C．exhibition D．concentration
11．Throughout the world _________ advance has been made in science and technology is due to education which brings forth knowledge, creation and inventions.
A．whoever B．whatever C．what D．that
12．Though ________ with numerous challenges, the scientist never stopped ________ experiments to find a cure for the rare disease.
A．faced; to conduct B．facing; conducting
C．faced; conducting D．facing; to conduct
13．It was her dedication to helping others ______ impressed everyone at the event.
A．who B．whom C．that D．which
14．Only when they reached the restaurant ______ that it was the same place they had been in last year.
A．had they realized B．they did realize
C．realized they D．did they realize
15．Hard __________ he tried, he couldn't figure out the solution to the math problem within the time limit.
A．although B．while C．as D．even if
16．— What makes him so excited these days
— ________ a key university.
A．Admitted into B．Admitting
C．Having been admitted into D．Being admitted to
17．— Why hasn't he come yet
— I don't know, but I ________ him of the meeting.
A．had reminded B．did remind C．does remind D．remind
18．On the contrary, I think it is David, __________ you, that __________ to blame.
A．rather than; is B．rather than; are
C．more than; is D．more than; are
19．The local guide told the explorers that ropes and knives were ________ wanted to go into the inner part of the mountain must take along.
A．that whoever B．what who C．what whoever D．that who
20．_______ on the top of the mountain is an ancient tower _______ back to two hundred years ago.
A．Standing; dating B．To stand; to date
C．Having stood; dating D．Stand; dated
二、A
Best Hollywood Tours
Big Bus Tours Los Angeles
Price: $ 47. 20 for adults; $ 39. 20 for kids
Duration: 2 hours
TMZ, known for its celebrity news-fueled television show and website, operates this bus tour that takes travelers through Hollywood in the hopes of seeing their favorite celebrities. During the two-hour trip, TMZ guides will take you to celebrity hang-outs in West Hollywood, Beverly Hills and more. The guides even bring video cameras in case a passing celebrity is willing to give an interview.
Ultimate Hollywood Tours
Price: $ 44 for adults; $ 34 for kids
Duration:2 hours
Keep your eyes peeled for Hollywood A-listers on this two-hour open-top bus tour, which promises to drive by dozens of celebrity homes. The bus will also cruise down Rodeo Drive and pass by the Hollywood Walk of Fame landmark and the Dolby Theatre, among other celebrity haunts (常去的地方). Visitors appreciate the guides' sense of humor and knowledge. They also say this is an excellent way to see the major attractions in Hollywood in a short amount of time.
The Real Los Angeles Tours
Price:$ 40
Duration:2 hours
During this historic walking tour, travelers will learn why Hollywood was selected by movie industry pioneers in the early 20th century. The two-hour tour also stops at unique sights, such as the oldest house in Hollywood. But major attractions aren't forgotten either: You can expect to see the Capitol Records Building, the Dolby Theatre and the Hollywood Walk of Fame, among other sights. Reviewers enjoy the informative guides, and even locals say they discover things they never knew about the city.
Open Bus Tours
Price:$ 35
Duration:2 hours
Admire the mansions of Hollywood's rich and famous as you wind through LA's posh neighborhoods on this two-hour, open-air bus tour. Then, pass by iconic sights, such as the Hollywood sign and Mulholland Drive, before cruising along Rodeo Drive, the Sunset Strip and other well-known Hollywood locales. Most reviewers give the tour high marks, applauding the amusing and informative guides.
21．How much should Mr. and Mrs. Green pay if they take on Big Bus Tours Los Angeles
A．$47. 2 B．$78. 4 C．$86. 4 D．$94. 4
22．What is special with The Real Los Angeles Tours
A．It is a walking tour.
B．Tourists are charged most.
C．Tourists take on open bus.
D．They are arranged to meet movie stars.
23．Which should you take if you want to visit the Sunset Strip
A．Big Bus Tours Los Angeles. B．Ultimate Hollywood Tours.
C．The Real Los Angeles Tours. D．Open Bus Tours.
三、B
Anthony Doerr's new bestseller, All the Light We Cannot See, holds special appeal for me. That's how I would describe it. From the poetic language, to the realization of what the tile actually means: that underneath the surface of history, there is light that has not been seen, and stories that have gone untold.
I'm going to be honest-love for this book didn't hit me straight away. In fact, my first attempt to read it last month ended with me putting it aside and going to find something easier, lighter and less descriptive to read. But this book is built on beautiful imagery. Both in the literal sense-the physical world of 1940s Paris and Germany, and the metaphorical (隐喻性的)sense-scientific and philosophical references to light, to seeing and not seeing, and the differences between the two. It's a beautiful work of genius, but it does get a little complicated at times.
However, when we get into the meat of this World War II novel, it's also an upsetting story of a childhood torn apart by war. It's about Parisian Marie Laure who has been blind since she was six, and a German orphan called Werner who finds himself at the center of the Hitler Youth. Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy, each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war.
I think this is the kind of book you will never appreciate if you stop too soon-I learned that lesson. From the first to last page, there is a theme of invisible lines running parallel (平行的)to one another and sometimes, just sometimes, crossing in the strangest way. These two lives we are introduced to seem to be worlds apart, and yet they come together and influence one another. It was this, more than the predictably awful tale of war, that made me feel quite emotional.
24．What does the writer think of the book
A．Light and easy to read. B．Rich in philosophical ideas.
C．Fascinating but too descriptive. D．Too complicated for its theme.
25．What can we learn about Marie Laure and Werner
A．The war leads to their sensitivity.
B．They know each other at an early age.
C．The Hitler Youth pushes them to grow.
D．They both have a miserable childhood.
26．What particularly stirred the writer's emotions
A．The book's dramatic ending.
B．The book's beautiful imagery.
C．The characters' interconnected destiny.
D．The suffering brought by World War II.
27．What is the purpose of this text
A．To share the writer's feelings of a book.
B．To recommend a delightful bestseller.
C．To tell readers a heartbreaking story.
D．To analyze the structure of a book.
四、C
Understanding a simple-looking English sentence such as "I read this article yesterday" actually requires some complicated conceptual computation: a subject ("T") performed an action ("read") on an object ("article") at a specific time ("yesterday"). But the human brain routinely does this work nearly at once based on the language's grammatical rules, says linguist Andrea E. Martin. And Martin's team has now found that the human brain can accommodate fundamental grammatical differences across languages by adjusting how it processes each sentence.
For a recent study in PLOS Biology, the researchers observed variations in Dutch-speaking participants' brain waves while they listened to a Dutch-language audiobook. To visualize these changes, the scientists used a metric (指标) quantifying how many new "predictions" the brain makes of words that could come next in a sentence. This framework was then tested against three different parsing (语法分析的) strategies, or linguistic models that illustrate how the brain builds information over time.
Previous English-based studies with a similar setup concluded in favor of a model where listeners "wait and see" how each phrase in a sentence will end before interpreting it. But the Dutch speakers in Martin's study leaned strongly toward a highly predictive model; participants tended to finish each phrase in their head preemptively before it was complete. (A third model, in which listeners wait to hear all of the phrases in a sentence before interpreting any part of it, is seldom used in either language.)
In Dutch language structure, verbs come near the end of a sentence rather than immediately after the subject like they do in English, while in Korean, the subject is usually left out and in Arabic verbs often come first. So flexibility is vital in processing different languages simply because they have different properties.
The findings support the need for scientists to include more diversity when crafting linguistic models. "This is going to help us capture how the brain is understanding the structured meaning of language, and the social application of language," Martin says. "There's so much yet to be understood in the brain."
28．Why does the author cite the example in paragraph 1
A．To introduce a grammar rule.
B．To analyze an English sentence.
C．To bring in a new research finding.
D．To stress the complexity of human brain.
29．What does the underlined word "preemptively" in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．By accident. B．In advance. C．On time. D．By mistake.
30．Which sentence can match the Dutch language structure
A．Universe the about documentary saw.
B．Saw I a documentary about the universe.
C．I saw a documentary about the universe.
D．I a documentary about the universe saw.
31．What does Martin try to stress in the last paragraph
A．The challenges of brain researches.
B．The application of the present findings.
C．The purposes of different linguistic models.
D．The necessity to diversify subjects in studies.
五、D
Recently, a friend asked for help with a tricky problem: they were staging a play, and the script had a large number of characters. They didn't want to hire an actor for each role, and while they could double up, they would run into problems if the same actor were playing two characters in a scene. Luckily, I was the right person to come to for help. There's a versatile (通用的) piece of maths — graph colouring — that's effective at solving many such problems, from casting a play to timetable scheduling.
Mathematicians are often particularly interested in graph colouring, which involves assigning a colour to each point of a graph-networks of points joined by lines, so that any two points joined with a line are assigned different-colours. Finding the minimum number of colours needed to do this can tell us something useful about the graph's structure. For example, a graph with a triangle of points all joined to a fourth point in the centre will need at least four colours to fill it in.
One of my favourite uses of graph colouring is in scheduling problems: imagine a set of students, with a shared set of classes. We can draw a graph, indicating each class by a point, and join two points if those classes have any students taking both(so they can't happen at the same time). Then, we find a way to colour the graph using the fewest possible colours. The minimum number of colours will tell us how many timetable periods we will need: each colour represents a set of classes with no overlap in students, so they can all happen simultaneously (同时地).
This may tell you how I solved my friend's problem: I suggested they draw a graph, represent each character with a point, and join two characters with a line if they appeared in any scenes together. Colouring this graph minimally then told them exactly how many actors they would need to stage the play. Another victory for maths — on with the show!
32．Which of the following best illustrates the example in paragraph 2
A． B．
C． D．
33．What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3
A．Clarify an assumption. B．Present an application.
C．Introduce an approach. D．Analyze a phenomenon.
34．How does the author sound in the last paragraph
A．Proud. B．Serious. C．Hesitant. D．Authoritative.
35．What is probably the best title for the text
A．When to Hire An Actor
B．How to Color A Graph
C．A Tricky Problem: Staging a Play
D．A Practical Tool: Graph Coloring
六、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。
Overcoming Fear of Failure
Have you ever been so afraid of failing at something that you decided not to try at all Or has fear of failure meant that, subconsciously, you undermined (削弱) your own efforts to avoid the possibility of a larger failure 　36． 　 It's important to realize that in everything we do, there's always a chance that we'll fail. Facing that chance and embracing it give us a more rewarding life. Here are a few ways to reduce the fear of failing.
Analyze all potential outcomes.　37． 　 Remove that fear by considering all of the potential outcomes of your decision. You can map possible outcomes visually.
Set small goals. Imagining how life will be after you've reached your goal is a great motivator to keep you moving forward. So start by setting a few small goals.　38． 　 Don't focus on the end picture. Just focus on the next step. Taking one small step at a time will help build your confidence, keep you moving towards your final goal.
Learn to think more positively. Every coin has two sides.　39． 　 Learn to change your thoughts and focus more on the bright side of the situation, making you like yourself. Positive thinking is an incredibly powerful way to build self-confidence.
　40． 　 In some cases, the toughest situation may be genuinely disastrous (灾难性的) and it may be perfectly reasonable to fear failure. In other cases, however, this worst case may actually not be that bad, and recognizing this can help.
A. Look at the worse-case situation.
B. It is up to you to decide which one to look at.
C. Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends.
D. Many of us have probably experienced this at one time or another.
E. If you are afraid of failure, you might be uncomfortable setting goals.
F. These should be goals that are slightly, but not overwhelmingly, challenging.
G. Many people experience fear of failure because they fear the unknown.
七、阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
There was an old bookstore on the corner of my street. I discovered it one sunny afternoon when I was 41． the neighborhood. The moment I pushed open the door, a unique aroma (芳香) embraced me. The shelves were stuffed with books of every 42． and age. I could see the spines (书脊) of the classic novels of the rare first edition, top commercial bestsellers, and picture books for toddlers. The owner, a middle-aged man with glasses and a warm smile, was busy tidying up. He greeted me and told me to feel free to 43． . I started browsing and was immediately 44． by a collection of old travelogues that seemed to hold the secrets of far-off lands.
Over the following weeks, I became a 45． . I would spend hours there, losing myself in the pages of different books. 46． , the owner would recommend a particular book based on our conversations. His knowledge and passion for literature were truly 47． .
However, change was on the 48． . The city was developing rapidly, and new, modern shops were replacing the old ones. One day, I noticed a sense of 49． in the bookstore. The owner informed me that 50． the skyrocketing rent and the competition from online bookstores, he was struggling to keep the doors open. It seemed that this little shelter of literature might soon disappear.
I was determined not to let that happen. I reached out to my schoolmates and community based groups. We organized a book 51． in front of the bookstore, inviting local authors and artists to participate. We also set up an online crowd funding page to collect donations. People from all over the neighborhood came to show their 52． . They bought books, donated money, and shared their own memories of the bookstore.
Thanks to the collective efforts, we managed to raise enough funds to 53． the rent for a while. The bookstore survived this crisis. A community's love and support can 54． something truly valuable. The old bookstore was not just a place to buy books; it was a cornerstone of our community's cultural and emotional heritage, and it was worth every bit of the 55． to save it.
41．A．decorating B．exploring C．visiting D．cleaning
42．A．image B．column C．version D．category
43．A．set off B．clean up C．look around D．blow up
44．A．fascinated B．confused C．astonished D．frustrated
45．A．funder B．guide C．client D．regular
46．A．Thankfully B．Occasionally C．Desperately D．Consequently
47．A．convincing B．shocking C．inspiring D．touching
48．A．edge B．horizon C．shelf D．decline
49．A．joy B．doubt C．depression D．expectation
50．A．but for B．apart from C．in spite of D．due to
51．A．fair B．cart C．club D．seminar
52．A．concern B．sympathy C．support D．respect
53．A．cover B．increase C．donate D．collect
54．A．distinguish B．preserve C．seek D．bring
55．A．book B．value C．competition D．fight
八、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Safeguarding Festivals in the Digital Age
Traditional festivals, rooted in centuries of cultural heritage, are facing unprecedented (前所未有的) challenges, because globalization and urbanization　56． 　 (destroy) many practices over the past decades.
Innovative approaches are　57． 　 urgent demand to keep pace with the times. In China,　58． 　 government has taken effective measures to digitize endangered customs. For example, the annual Miao New Year celebration,　59． 　 involves complicated dances, is being recorded through 3D scanning. This enables younger generations　60． 　 (access) heritage engagingly.
Community projects also help to revive traditions. In Fujian's Gutian Town, Hakka villagers partner with　61． 　 (school) to offer hands-on workshops teaching traditional lantern making techniques. Weakly workshops　62． 　 (lead) by heritage experts guide students through 12 craft steps, while encouraging modern elements like solar lighting and digital patterns.
　63． 　 (additional), social media contribute to cultural exchange during festivals like Mid-Autumn, when users worldwide share　64． 　 (they) celebration of family reunion and harvest. These digital interactions preserve traditions, ensuring　65． 　 (price) heritage evolves with technology.
九、第一节 根据所给中文及单词首字母写出单词的正确形式。
66．The company's f　 　 (财务的) performance improved significantly after implementing new management strategies.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)
67．He couldn't help but f　 　 (皱眉) when he saw the mess his children had made in the living room. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
68．The teacher used several examples to i　 　 (阐明) the complex concept of photosynthesis. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
69．All the figures i　 　 (表明) that we can expect heavy rain later this afternoon. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
70．The o　 　 (持续进行的) research project aims to find a cure for the rare disease. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
71．She was awarded a full s　 　 (奖学金) for her outstanding academic achievements. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
72．He bought a beautiful s　 　 (纪念品) to remind him of his trip to Paris. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
十、第二节 根据句意，用所给单词的正确形式填空。
73．The detailed 　 　 (analyze) of the data reveals some surprising trends in consumer behavior. (所给词的适当形式填空)
74．During the debate, he presented a compelling 　 　(argue) that won over many of the audience members. (所给词的适当形式填空)
75．The company celebrated its commitment to 　 　(diverse) by hiring employees from various backgrounds. (所给词的适当形式填空)
76．Her 　 　(energy) performance on stage left the audience feeling inspired and excited. (所给词的适当形式填空)
77．He explained his 　 　 (intend) to pursue a career in medicine to his supportive parents. (所给词的适当形式填空)
78．She asked her teacher for 　 　(permit) to leave the classroom early due to a family emergency. (所给词的适当形式填空)
79．After months of intense training, she felt both physically and 　 　 (mental) prepared for the competition. (所给词的适当形式填空)
十一、第三节 根据句意，用所给词组的正确形式填空。(有两个多余词组)
根据句意，用所给词组的正确形式填空。(有两个多余词组)
be about to earn a living figure out in memory of in return make a bet run out tend to
80．Despite the economic downturn, he managed to 　 　 by starting a small online business.
81．He helped his neighbor fix the car, and 　 　 , she baked him a batch of fresh cookies.
82．The community planted a tree 　 　 the local hero who had passed away last year.
83．The team worked together to 　 　 the best strategy for the upcoming project deadline.
84．The other day, they 　 　 on which team would win the championship, with the loser buying dinner.
85．I have to be careful about what I eat because I 　 　 gain weight easily.
十二、写作(满分20分)
86．假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览。请写一封信申请当志愿者。
内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 个人优势；
3. 能做的事情。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
答案解析部分
1．【答案】D
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他最令人钦佩的特质之一是他在压力下保持冷静的能力。A. catastrophes灾难；B. identities身份；C. conquests征服；D. traits特质。结合"his ability to remain calm under pressure"可知，空处应表达"特质"，故用traits。故选D。【点评】 考查名词辨析。注意：要仔细阅读题目，理解题干的意思。确定题目是在询问某个特定场景或语境下应该使用哪个名词。仔细分析每个选项的词义，确保对每个名词的含义有准确的理解。注意区分近义词之间的细微差别。确保所选名词与题目要求的词性相符。有时题目可能要求选择名词的复数形式或所有格形式，因此要注意名词的形态变化。
2．【答案】B
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：经过多年的规划，他们最终决定着手开展这个雄心勃勃的项目。A. consist of由……组成；B. embark on着手做、开始从事；C. take off起飞、脱下、突然成功；D. put aside把……放在一边、搁置、储蓄。根据"After years of planning"以及"the ambitious project"可推知，在经过多年规划后，他们要开始实施这个项目了，动词短语embark on符合语境。故选B。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意：在解题时，要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解句子的语境和含义，根据句子的逻辑关系和语境，判断哪个动词短语更符合句子的意思。对于不确定的选项，可以先尝试排除那些明显不符合句意或语法的选项，缩小选择范围，将各个选项进行对比分析，找出它们之间的异同点，从而确定正确答案。
3．【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这个新的住宅区旨在为家庭提供舒适的居住环境。A. ornamental装饰性的；B. vulnerable脆弱的；C. residential居住的，住宅的；D. poisonous有毒的。根据句意和"provide a comfortable living environment for families"可知，这里指这个住宅区会提供一个很好的居住环境。故选C。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：结合上下文，理解句子语境，把握形容词在其中的具体含义和用法。注意形容词与其他词汇之间的逻辑关系，如并列、转折、因果等。
4．【答案】B
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：最初的会议是富有成效的，随后的讨论促成了一项成功的协议。A. pioneering开创性的；B. subsequent随后的；C. fragile脆弱的；D. depressing令人忧愁的，使人沮丧的。根据"The initial meeting"可知，subsequent"随后的"符合题意，就最初的会议而言有了随后的讨论。故选B。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：首先，要识别出题目是在考察形容词辨析，明确解题方向。仔细阅读题干，确保理解句子的整体意思和形容词在句子中的作用。对每个选项中的形容词有一个基本的了解，知道它们的基本含义和常用搭配。注意形容词之间的细微差别，包括词义轻重、侧重点、感彩等。这些差别往往决定了形容词在特定语境中的适用性。
5．【答案】A
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：当她为项目挑战找到创造性的解决方案时，她证明了自己非常足智多谋。A. resourceful足智多谋的；B. substantial大量的；C. passive被动的；D. ethnic种族的。结合"when she found creative solutions to the project's challenges"可知，空格处应表达"足智多谋的"，故用resourceful，作表语。故选A。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：在题干中寻找与形容词相关的关键词，如名词、动词、副词等，这些词汇会提供形容词使用的上下文。理解句子的整体含义，确保所选形容词能够准确表达句子的意思。
6．【答案】A
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：在项目计划中添加过多细节，只会使事情变得复杂，还会延误进度。A. complicate使复杂化；B. outnumber数量超过；C. reconstruct重建；D. portray描绘。根据句意和"Adding too many details to the project plan"可知，这里指添加过多东西使事情变得复杂了。故选A。【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：动词辨析题要求考生从提供的选项中选择最合适的动词填入句子中，使句子意思通顺、语法正确。解题时，首先要仔细阅读题干，理解句子的整体意思和语境。然后，逐一分析选项，注意动词的时态、语态、语气以及搭配等。最后，选出最符合语境和语法的动词。
7．【答案】C
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管面临诸多挑战，她仍继续竭尽全力去实现自己的学术目标。A. likelihood可能性；B. navigation导航；C. endeavor努力；D. anticipation期待。根据句意和to achieve her academic goals可知，这里指她竭尽全力去实现自己的目标。故选C。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：分析名词与题干中其他词语的搭配关系，确保所选名词与题干中的动词、形容词或介词等词语能够合理搭配。将每个选项代入题干中，结合语境进行推理判断。
8．【答案】D
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：在规划未来时，这对夫妇试图为他们的家庭设想一个充满幸福和成功的生活。A. boost促进；B. savor品味；C. retreat撤退；D. envision设想。结合"a life filled with happiness and success for their family"可知，空格处应表达"设想"，故用envision。故选D。【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：仔细阅读题干，理解句子的整体意思和所处的语境。注意句子中的连词、副词等词语，它们往往能揭示动词之间的逻辑关系，如并列、转折、因果等。题干中可能包含一些关键词或提示，这些关键词或提示往往能暗示动词的选择。
9．【答案】D
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他决定把业余时间奉献给志愿服务，相信这是为社会做贡献的一种有意义的方式。A. degrade（使）退化，降解；B. neglect忽视；C. interfere干涉，妨碍；D. dedicate献（身），致力。根据"his spare time to volunteering"可知，dedicate"献（身），致力"符合题意，构成短语dedicate sth. do doing"将某物奉献给做某事"，表示"把业余时间奉献给志愿服务"。故选D。【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：分析句子结构，理解句子的整体结构，明确主语、谓语、宾语等关键成分，有助于判断所需动词的类型和形式。仔细阅读题干，捕捉关键词汇和短语，理解句子的语境和含义。有时，上下文中的时间、地点、人物等细节信息会提供解题的线索。
10．【答案】B
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这位艺术家从日落绚丽的色彩中找到了灵感，这促使他创作了一幅新的杰作。A. cultivation培养；B. inspiration灵感；C. exhibition展览；D. concentration专注。根据句意和create a new masterpiece可知，这里指这位艺术家从日落中找到了灵感从而创造出新作。故选B。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：考虑语境中的时间、地点、人物关系等因素，选择最符合语境的名词。如果某个选项与题目中的语境明显不符或语法上存在错误，可以优先排除该选项。通过逐一排除不可能的选项，可以逐步缩小选择范围，最终找到正确答案。
11．【答案】B
【知识点】让步状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：全世界科学技术的任何进步都归功于教育，它带来了知识、创造和发明。分析句子可知，设空处引导主语从句，在主语从句中，advance（进步）是名词，设空处需要一个既能引导主语从句，又能在从句中作定语修饰 advance的词。"whatever" 在这里引导主语从句，相当于"any advance that"，表示"无论什么样的"，在句中作定语修饰"advance"，强调不管是在科技方面取得的何种进步都归功于教育。故选B。【点评】考查状语从句。注意：首先要阅读题干，仔细阅读题目和选项，理解题目的要求和句子的整体意思。再识别状语从句类型，根据句中的引导词和逻辑关系判断状语从句的类型。分析句子结构和逻辑关系，明确主句和从句之间的关系以及句子中的成分和时态。最后对比选项，根据句子结构和逻辑关系对比选项中的连词和时态等要素，选择最符合题目要求的答案。
12．【答案】C
【知识点】动名词；动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管面临众多挑战，这位科学家从未停止进行实验以寻找治疗这种罕见疾病的方法。本句谓语为stopped，这两空均为非谓语动词，第一空：be faced with"面临"，此处省略be动词，用过去分词faced作状语。第二空：conduct"做"；stop doing sth.表示 "停止做某事"，stop to do sth. 表示"停下来去做另一件事"。此处表示科学家从未停止"进行实验"，应用动名词conducting，作宾语。故选C。【点评】考查非谓语动词。注意：解答非谓语动词相关题目时，首先要读题审题，仔细阅读题目，理解句子的整体意义。分析句子结构，找出谓语动词和非谓语动词。判断非谓语动词的作用，确定非谓语动词在句子中充当的成分及其逻辑主语。分析语态和时态，根据非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系及时间关系，判断应使用的语态和时态。对比选项，将分析结果与选项进行对比，选择最符合题意的答案。
13．【答案】C
【知识点】强调句；that
【解析】【分析】句意：正是她致力于帮助他人的精神让活动现场的所有人都印象深刻。去掉it was和空处句子依然完整，故此处考查强调句；强调句结构为：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分，当被强调部分是人时，可用who或that；被强调部分是物或情况时，只能用that，本句中强调句子的主语her dedication to helping others。故选C。
【点评】考查强调句型，掌握其结构"：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分"。
14．【答案】D
【知识点】倒装句
【解析】【分析】句意：只有当他们到达那家餐馆时，他们才意识到这就是他们去年去过的地方。only+状语放在句首，句子要用部分倒装，根据句中的reached可知本句为一般过去时，倒装部分要将助动词did 提前。故选D。【点评】考查倒装句。注意：在解答倒装句相关的题目时，首先要阅读题干，仔细阅读题目，理解句子的整体意思。识别倒装，判断句子是否为倒装句，并确定其类型（全部倒装或部分倒装）。分析成分，识别句子的主语和谓语，特别是谓语的位置和形式。应用规则，根据语法规则判断选项的正确性，特别是时态、主谓一致和固定句型的应用。选择答案，在理解句子结构和应用语法规则的基础上，选择最符合题目要求的答案。
15．【答案】C
【知识点】让步状语从句；倒装句
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管他非常努力，他仍然无法在规定时间内解出这道数学题。A. although虽然；B. while虽然/当…时；C. as由于/当…时/尽管；D. even if即使。四个选项均可引导让步状语从句，但只有as在引导让步状语从句时，可用部分倒装，其结构为"形容词/副词 + as + 主语 + 谓语"，与题干中的Hard as he tried结构相符。故选C。【点评】考查让步状语从句和倒装结构。注意：在解答状语从句相关题目时，首先要阅读题干，仔细阅读题目和选项，理解题目的要求和句子的整体意思。再识别状语从句类型，根据句中的引导词和逻辑关系判断状语从句的类型。分析句子结构和逻辑关系，明确主句和从句之间的关系以及句子中的成分和时态。最后对比选项，根据句子结构和逻辑关系对比选项中的连词和时态等要素，选择最符合题目要求的答案。
16．【答案】D
【知识点】动词的语态；动名词
【解析】【分析】句意：——这些天什么让他如此兴奋？——被一所重点大学录取。A. Admitted into被录取进入，过去分词或者过去式；B. Admitting承认，现在分词或者动名词；C. Having been admitted into已被录取进入，现在分词的完成被动式；D. Being admitted to正在被录取进入，现在分词/动名词的被动式。分析句子结构可知，答句是省略句，完整形式为"________ a key university makes him so excited these days"，空格处需作主语。由于主语部分需要表达的是一个动作或状态，应使用动名词形式，且逻辑主语him与admit之间是被动关系，故用动名词的被动式。Having been admitted into是现在分词完成被动式，强调动作先于谓语动词的动作发生，通常作状语，而非主语。故选D。【点评】考查非谓语动词。注意：判断使用动名词被动式的条件。1. 语法场合：确定句子中需要使用动名词的位置，如作主语、宾语、介词宾语、表语等。2. 逻辑关系：判断动名词的逻辑主语与动名词之间是否为被动关系。若动名词所修饰的名词或代词在意义上是充当动名词动作的承受者，即作动名词的逻辑宾语时，动名词要用被动形式。
17．【答案】B
【知识点】一般过去时；强调句
【解析】【分析】句意：——为什么他还没来？——我不知道，但是我确实提醒过他会议的事了。A. had reminded已提醒过，过去完成时；B. did remind确实提醒过，一般过去时强调形式；C. does remind确实会提醒，一般现在时强调形式；D. remind提醒，动词原形。remind(提醒)是分句谓语动词，根据句意，"提醒过他会议的事"是过去的事情，用一般过去时态，又因为说话人想强调自己确实提醒过，可用"do/does/did+谓语动词(动词原形)"结构来强调谓语动作，构成强调句，一般过去时态中助动词用did。故选B。【点评】考查时态和强调句。注意：在解答强调句的题目时，首先要阅读题干和选项，仔细阅读题目和选项，理解题目的要求和句子的整体意思。再识别强调句结构，判断题目中的句子是否符合强调句的结构特征。分析句子成分，确定被强调部分和谓语动词等关键成分。理解语法规则和特殊用法，运用强调句的语法规则和特殊用法进行解题。对比选项，根据分析结果对比选项中的连词、时态、语态等要素选择最符合题目要求的答案。注意：强调句与从句的辨析，有时强调句与其他从句（如定语从句、主语从句等）在结构上相似，容易混淆。解题时需要仔细分析句子结构和逻辑关系，判断其是否为强调句。强调句中的谓语动词通常与被强调部分保持一致，特别是当强调主语时，要特别注意谓语动词的数和时态。
18．【答案】A
【知识点】固定短语；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：相反，我认为是大卫，而不是你，应该受到责备。rather than而不是；more than超过、不仅仅；is是/有/存在，一般现在时的三单式；are是/有/存在，一般现在时的复数形式。"it is David, _____ you, that _____ to blame."是一个强调句，被强调部分"David, _____ you"是原句主语，第一空处表示是"David"而不是"you"该受责备，所以用连词rather than连接；第二空处是原句谓语，是连系动词，根据主谓一致中"就远原则"，当"rather than"连接两个名词做主语时，谓语动词要与前面的名词保持一致，所以系动词与前面的名词"David"保持人称和数的一致，是第三人称单数形式is。故选A。【点评】考查短语辨析和主谓一致。注意：在解答主谓一致题目时，首先要识别主语，仔细阅读题目，准确识别出句子的主语。分析谓语，确定谓语动词的数与主语是否一致，注意谓语动词的特殊用法，如系动词"be"的单复数形式，以及某些动词的特殊变形。应用原则，根据语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则，分析并确定谓语动词的正确形式，特别注意那些容易混淆的情况，如集体名词、分数或百分数+名词短语、由连词连接的主语等。
19．【答案】C
【知识点】主语从句；表语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：当地导游告诉探险者，任何想进入山内的人都必须随身携带绳索和刀子。were后是表语从句，从句谓语部分是must take along，引导词在从句中作宾语，指物，应用连接代词what引导；表语从句的主语部分是一个主语从句，引导词在主语从句中作主语，表示"任何想进入山内的人"，应用whoever引导主语从句。故选C。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的表语从句以及whoever引导的主语从句。
20．【答案】A
【知识点】动词现在分词；分词
【解析】【分析】句意：位于山顶的是一座追溯到两百年前的古塔。A. Standing站立，现在分词/动名词；dating追溯，现在分词/动名词；B. To stand站立，动词不定式；to date追溯，动词不定式；C. Having stood已经站立，现在分词完成式；dating追溯，现在分词/动名词；D. Stand站立，动词原形；dated追溯，过去分词/过去式。句中is为谓语动词，第一空使用非谓语动词，此处表示"矗立"用stand，此处使用现在分词短语作表语，为了保持句子平衡，将现在分词短语提到句首，引起完全倒装；第二空中date back to意为"追溯"，与an ancient tower之间为主动关系，此处使用现在分词作后置定语修饰tower。故选A。【点评】考查非谓语动词。注意：现在分词作后置定语的解题步骤。1. 定位被修饰的名词或代词：首先，在句子中找到需要被修饰的名词或代词。2. 寻找后置定语：然后，观察该名词或代词之后是否有现在分词短语或其他形式的定语。3. 分析逻辑关系：接着，分析现在分词与被修饰名词或代词之间的逻辑关系，确定它们之间是主动关系还是被动关系（虽然被动关系通常用过去分词表示，但理解这一点有助于区分现在分词和过去分词的用法）。4. 确定语义：最后，根据上下文和逻辑关系，确定现在分词作后置定语所表达的具体语义。
【答案】21．D
22．A
23．D
【知识点】应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了四种好莱坞旅行项目，包括价格、持续时间及项目特色等信息。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和数字计算题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做数字计算题时，通读题干，需要仔细阅读题目，明确题目要求计算的具体内容，如时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等。 再定位关键词，根据题干中的关键词，在文章中迅速定位到与之相关的数据。 再根据题目要求，选择合适的计算方法（加、减、乘、除）。注意，有时可能需要进行多步计算。
21．数字计算题。根据Big Bus Tours Los Angeles部分中"Price: 47.20 for adults; 39. 20 for kids (价格：成人47. 20美元；儿童39. 20美元)"可知，成人票价为47.2美元，儿童票价为39.2美元。所以格林先生和夫人两位成人需要支付的费用是47.2乘以2，即94.4美元。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据Big Bus Tours Los Angeles部分中"TMZ, known for its celebrity news-fueled television show and website, operates this bus tour that takes travelers through Hollywood in the hopes of seeing their favorite celebrities. (以名人新闻为主的电视节目和网站而闻名的TMZ，经营着这个巴士之旅，带着游客穿越好莱坞，希望能看到他们最喜欢的名人。)"；Ultimate Hollywood Tours部分中"Keep your eyes peeled for Hollywood A-listers on this two-hour open-top bus tour (在这两个小时的敞篷巴士之旅中，请睁大眼睛寻找好莱坞一线明星)"；The Real Los Angeles Tours部分中"During this historic walking tour, travelers will learn why Hollywood was selected by movie industry pioneers in the early 20th century. (在这次历史性的徒步旅行中，游客将了解为什么好莱坞在20世纪初被电影业的先驱们选中。)"和Open Bus Tours部分中"Admire the mansions of Hollywood's rich and famous as you wind through LA's posh neighborhoods on this two-hour, open-air bus tour. (在这两个小时的露天巴士之旅中，您将在洛杉矶的豪华社区中漫步，欣赏好莱坞富豪和名人的豪宅。)"可知，The Real Los Angeles Tours的特别之处在于它是一个徒步旅行，而其它都是巴士之旅。故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据Open Bus Tours部分中"Then, pass by iconic sights, such as the Hollywood sign and Mulholland Drive, before cruising along Rodeo Drive, the Sunset Strip and other well-known Hollywood locales. (然后，经过好莱坞标志和穆赫兰道等标志性景点，然后沿着罗迪欧大道、日落大道和其他著名的好莱坞景点游览。)"可知，如果想参观日落大道(Sunset Strip)，应该选择Open Bus Tours。故选D。
【答案】24．C
25．D
26．C
27．A
【知识点】推理判断题；文学艺术类；议论文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇书评。作者主要介绍了安东尼·多尔的最新畅销书《我们看不见的光》，作者主要介绍了这本书的主要内容，以及作者对于这本书的感想。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及推理判断题和主旨大意题两种题型。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段"Anthony Doerr's new bestseller, All the Light We Cannot See, holds special appeal for me.(安东尼·多尔的最新畅销书《我们看不见的光》对我有着特殊的吸引力。)"以及第二段"In fact, my first attempt to read it last month ended with me putting it aside and going to find something easier, lighter and less descriptive to read. But this book is built on beautiful imagery. Both in the literal sense-the physical world of 1940s Paris and Germany, and the metaphorical (隐喻性的)sense-scientific and philosophical references to light, to seeing and not seeing, and the differences between the two. (事实上，上个月我第一次尝试读它的时候，我把它放在一边，去找一些更简单、更轻松、描述性更少的书来读。但这本书是建立在美丽的意象之上的。无论是在字面意义上——20世纪40年代的巴黎和德国的物理世界，还是在隐喻意义上——对光的科学和哲学参考，看到和看不到，以及两者之间的差异。)"可知，在作者看来，这部书很吸引人，同时又极具描述性。故选C。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段"However, when we get into the meat of this World War II novel, it's also an upsetting story of a childhood torn apart by war. "（然而，当我们进入这本二战小说的核心部分时，它也是一个关于被战争撕裂的童年的令人沮丧的故事。）根据第三段"Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy, each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war.(他们俩的故事都充满了敏感和同情，每个人都被他们的个人环境和毁灭性的怪物战争逼上了一条路。)"可知，这两个人的童年都很悲惨。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy, each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war.(他们俩的故事都充满了敏感和同情，每个人都被他们的个人环境和毁灭性的怪物战争逼上了一条路。)"以及最后一段"These two lives we are introduced to seem to be worlds apart, and yet they come together and influence one another. It was this, more than the predictably awful tale of war, that made me feel quite emotional.(我们被介绍的这两种生活似乎是两个不同的世界，但他们走到一起，互相影响。正是这一点，而不是那些可以预见的可怕的战争故事，让我感到非常激动。)"可知，打动作者的正是这种人物相互关联的命运。故选C。
27．主旨大意题。根据第一段"Anthony Doerr's new bestseller, All the Light We Cannot See, holds special appeal for me. That's how I would describe it. From the poetic language, to the realization of what the tile actually means: that underneath the surface of history, there is light that has not been seen, and stories that have gone untold.(安东尼·多尔的最新畅销书《我们看不见的光》对我有着特殊的吸引力。这就是我对它的描述。从诗意的语言，到意识到标题的真正含义：在历史的表面下，有未被看到的光，和未被讲述的故事。)"以及最后一段"I think this is the kind of book you will never appreciate if you stop too soon-I learned that lesson. From the first to last page, there is a theme of invisible lines running parallel (平行的)to one another and sometimes, just sometimes, crossing in the strangest way.(我认为这是一本书，如果你停得太快，你就永远不会欣赏它——我学到了这一课。从第一页到最后一页，有一个主题是看不见的线彼此平行运行，有时，只是有时，以最奇怪的方式交叉。)"可知，文章的目的是分享作者对一本书的感受。故选A。
【答案】28．C
29．B
30．D
31．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了语言学家Andrea E. Martin团队的研究发现：人类大脑通过调整语法分析策略来适应不同语言的基本语法差异，并强调科学界需在语言模型中纳入更多语言多样性。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及推理判断题和词义猜测题两种题型。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段"But the human brain routinely does this work nearly at once based on the language's grammatical rules, says linguist Andrea E. Martin. And Martin's team has now found that the human brain can accommodate fundamental grammatical differences across languages by adjusting how it processes each sentence.(但语言学家Andrea E. Martin表示，人脑通常会根据语言的语法规则几乎立即完成这项工作。而且，Martin的团队现在发现，人脑能够通过调整处理每个句子的方式来适应不同语言之间根本性的语法差异)"可知，作者开篇举例是为了引出Martin团队的新研究发现，即大脑处理不同语言的灵活性。故选C。
29．词义猜测题。根据第三段"participants tended to finish each phrase in their headpreemptively before it was complete(参与者倾向于在短语未完成时preemptively在脑中补全它)"可知，上文"But the Dutch speakers in Martin's study leaned strongly toward a highly predictive model(但在Martin的研究中，说荷兰语的人强烈倾向于一个高度预测的模型)"说的是参与者需要再头脑中补全每一个句子，下文说的是在完成之前，可推理出此处说的是参与者倾向于在短语未完成时提前在脑中补全它，可推理出"preemptively"意为"提前地"。故选B。
30．推理判断题。根据第四段"In Dutch language structure, verbs come near the end of a sentence rather than immediately after the subject like they do in English, while in Korean, the subject is usually left out and in Arabic verbs often come first. So flexibility is vital in processing different languages simply because they have different properties.(在荷兰语的结构中，动词位于句子的末尾，而不是像英语那样紧跟在主语之后；而在韩语中，主语通常被省略；在阿拉伯语里，动词往往放在最前面。因此，在处理不同语言时，灵活性至关重要，因为它们具有不同的特性)"可知，荷兰语结构为"主语+宾语+动词"结构。选项D"I a documentary about the universe saw"为"主语I+宾语a documentary about the universe+动词saw"结构，符合荷兰语结构。故选D。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段"The findings support the need for scientists to include more diversity when crafting linguistic models.(这些发现支持了科学家在构建语言模型时需要纳入更多多样性的必要性)"可知，这些发现支持了科学家在构建语言模型时需要纳入更多多样性的必要性，可推理出Martin强调研究中语言多样性的必要性。故选D。
【答案】32．C
33．B
34．A
35．D
【知识点】推理判断题；说明文；日常生活类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了作者通过图着色这一数学工具帮助朋友解决戏剧排演中演员分配问题的故事，并介绍了图着色在多个领域的实际应用。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及推理判断题和标题选择题两种题型。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做标题选择题时，注意关注首尾句，首尾句往往包含段落或文章的核心信息，是判断标题是否准确的重要依据。利用关键词，文章中的关键词汇、短语或句子往往与标题有紧密联系，可以通过关键词汇的匹配来缩小选择范围。语境理解，理解文章的整体语境和作者的态度倾向，有助于准确把握文章的主旨和标题的选择方向。
32．推理判断题。根据第二段"Mathematicians are often particularly interested in graph colouring, which involves assigning a colour to each point of a graph-networks of points joined by lines, so that any two points joined with a line are assigned different-colours. Finding the minimum number of colours needed to do this can tell us something useful about the graph's structure. For example, a graph with a triangle of points all joined to a fourth point in the centre will need at least four colours to fill it in.(数学家通常对图着色特别感兴趣，这涉及到为图中的每个点（由线连接的网络点）分配一种颜色，以便任何两个由线连接的点被分配不同的颜色。找到这样做的最小颜色数可以告诉我们一些关于图结构的有用信息。例如，一个由三个点组成的三角形都连接到一个中心第四个点的图形，至少需要四种颜色来填充它。)"可知，由三个点组成的三角形都连接到一个中心第四个点的图形符合题意。故选C。
33．推理判断题。根据第三段"One of my favourite uses of graph colouring is in scheduling problems: imagine a set of students, with a shared set of classes. We can draw a graph, indicating each class by a point, and join two points if those classes have any students taking both(so they can't happen at the same time). Then, we find a way to colour the graph using the fewest possible colours. The minimum number of colours will tell us how many timetable periods we will need: each colour represents a set of classes with no overlap in students, so they can all happen simultaneously (同时地).(我最喜欢的图着色应用之一是在日程安排问题上：想象一组学生，他们有一组共同的课程。我们可以画一个图，用点表示每节课，如果这些课程有学生同时上，就把两个点连接起来（所以它们不能同时进行）。然后，我们找到一种方法，用尽可能少的颜色给图形着色。最小的颜色数将告诉我们需要多少个时间表周期：每种颜色代表一组学生没有重叠的课程，所以它们可以同时进行。)"可知，作者在第三段中主要介绍了图着色在日程安排问题中的应用，即作者的目的是介绍一种应用。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据最后一段"This may tell you how I solved my friend's problem: I suggested they draw a graph, represent each character with a point, and join two characters with a line if they appeared in any scenes together. Colouring this graph minimally then told them exactly how many actors they would need to stage the play. Another victory for maths — on with the show!(这可能会告诉你我是如何解决我朋友的问题的：我建议他们画一个图，用点表示每个角色，如果两个角色出现在任何场景中，就用一条线连接起来。对这个图进行最小着色，然后准确地告诉他们需要多少演员来排演这出戏。数学的又一次胜利——继续演出吧！)"可知，作者通过数学方法成功帮助朋友解决了问题，并对此感到自豪。故选A。
35．标题选择题。根据第一段"Recently, a friend asked for help with a tricky problem: they were staging a play, and the script had a large number of characters. They didn't want to hire an actor for each role, and while they could double up, they would run into problems if the same actor were playing two characters in a scene. Luckily, I was the right person to come to for help. There's a versatile (通用的) piece of maths — graph colouring — that's effective at solving many such problems, from casting a play to timetable scheduling.(最近，一位朋友请我帮忙解决一个棘手的问题：他们正在排演一出戏，剧本里有很多角色。他们不想为每个角色都雇一个演员，虽然他们可以一人分饰两角，但如果同一个演员在一个场景中扮演两个角色，他们就会遇到问题。幸运的是，我是来寻求帮助的合适人选。有一种通用的数学方法——图着色——可以有效地解决许多这样的问题，从选角到时间表安排。)"可知，文章主要介绍了图着色这一数学工具在解决实际问题中的应用，特别是帮助朋友解决戏剧排演中演员分配的问题。因此，D选项"A Practical Tool: Graph Coloring(一个实用的工具：图着色)"为最佳标题。故选D。
【答案】36．D；37．G；38．F；39．B；40．A
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，对失败的恐惧会让人不敢尝试甚至潜意识里自我设限，但失败是人生常态，直面它才能收获更丰盛的人生。文章随后给出了五种克服失败恐惧的实用方法：分析所有可能结果、设定小目标、积极思考、以及认清最坏情况其实没那么可怕。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前"Have you ever been so afraid of failing at something that you decided not to try at all Or has fear of failure meant that, subconsciously, you undermined (削弱) your own efforts to avoid the possibility of a larger failure "你有没有因为害怕某件事失败而决定根本不去尝试？还是对失败的恐惧意味着，在潜意识里，你破坏了自己为避免更大失败的可能性所做的努力。讲述了人们害怕失败的现象和背后的心理因素；以及空后"It's important to realize that in everything we do, there's always a chance that we'll fail. "重要的是要认识到，在我们所做的每件事中，总会有失败的机会。可推知此处应该讲失败存在的普遍性， D. Many of us have probably experienced this at one time or another. "我们中的许多人可能曾经经历过这种情况。"承上启下，符合语境，并可引出下文讲人总会有失败的时候。故选D。
37．根据空前"Analyze all potential outcomes. "分析所有潜在结果。可知本段主要讲减少人们对失败恐惧的方法之一——分析事情将产生的所有（好坏）结果，此处应该要分析人们害怕失败的原因， G. Many people experience fear of failure because they fear the unknown. "许多人害怕失败是因为他们害怕未知。"是对段落标题的阐释，符合语境，故选G。
38．根据空前"Set small goals. "设定小目标。可知本段主要讲减少人们对失败恐惧的方法之一——设定小目标；以及"So start by setting a few small goals. "所以，从设定几个小目标开始。可知，此空应该讲具体如何设置小目标，F. These should be goals that are slightly, but not overwhelmingly, challenging."这些目标应该具有轻微的挑战性，但不是压倒性的挑战性。"是对前句的小目标具体解释，符合语境，故选F。
39．根据空前"Learn to think more positively. "学会更积极地思考。可知本段主要讲减少人们对失败恐惧的方法之一——学会更积极地思考；以及"Every coin has two sides."凡事都有两面性。可知此空应该讲积极思考事物两面性后应该怎么做， B. It is up to you to decide which one to look at. "你来决定要看哪一面。"承接上文，符合语境，故选B。
40．根据空后"In some cases, the toughest situation may be genuinely disastrous (灾难性的) and it may be perfectly reasonable to fear failure. In other cases, however, this worst case may actually not be that bad, and recognizing this can help. "在某些情况下，最艰难的情况可能真的是灾难性的，害怕失败可能是完全合理的。然而，在其他情况下，这种最坏的情况实际上可能没有那么糟糕，认识到这一点会有所帮助。可知，本段在谈论最坏的情况， A. Look at the worse-case situation. "看看更糟糕的情况。"符合语境。故选A。
【答案】41．B；42．D；43．C；44．A；45．D；46．B；47．C；48．B；49．C；50．D；51．A；52．C；53．A；54．B；55．D
【知识点】名词辨析；形容词的词义辨析；动词的词义辨析；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者发现并常去一家老书店，后因租金上涨和网络书店竞争面临关闭，作者和社区共同努力拯救书店的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。
41．句意：在一个阳光明媚的下午，我在探索社区时发现了它。A. decorating装饰；B. exploring探索；C. visiting参观；D. cleaning打扫。根据上文"I discovered it one sunny afternoon"可知，作者是在探索社区时偶然发现这家书店的。故选B。
42．句意：书架上摆满了各种类别和年代的书籍。A. image图像；B. column专栏；C. version版本；D. category类别。根据上文"The shelves were stuffed with books of every"和下文"and age. I could see the spines (书脊) of the classic novels of the rare first edition, top commercial bestsellers, and picture books for toddlers."可知，这里说的是书籍的类别。故选D。
43．句意：他跟我打招呼，让我随意看看。A. set off出发；B. clean up清理；C. look around四处看看；D. blow up爆炸。根据上文"He greeted me and told me to feel free to"和下文"I started browsing"可知，店主让作者随意看看。故选C。
44．句意：我开始浏览，立刻被一堆似乎藏着远方土地秘密的旧旅行日志所吸引。A. fascinated着迷的；B. confused困惑的；C. astonished惊讶的；D. frustrated沮丧的。根据下文"by a collection of old travelogues that seemed to hold the secrets of far-off lands"可知，作者被这些旧旅行日志所吸引。故选A。
45．句意：在接下来的几周里，我成了常客。A. funder资助者；B. guide向导；C. client客户；D. regular常客。根据下文"I would spend hours there, losing myself in the pages of different books. "可知，作者成了这家书店的常客。故选D。
46．句意：偶尔，店主会根据我们的对话推荐一本特别的书。A. Thankfully感激地；B. Occasionally偶尔；C. Desperately绝望地；D. Consequently因此。根据下文"the owner would recommend a particular book based on our conversations"可知，店主偶尔会根据对话推荐书籍。故选B。
47．句意：他对文学的知识和热情确实令人鼓舞。A. convincing令人信服的；B. shocking令人震惊的；C. inspiring鼓舞人心的；D. touching感人的。根据下文"His knowledge and passion for literature"可知，店主对文学的知识和热情令人鼓舞。故选C。
48．句意：然而，变化即将来临。A. edge边缘；B. horizon地平线，即将来临的事物；C. shelf架子；D. decline下降。根据下文"The city was developing rapidly, and new, modern shops were replacing the old ones."可知，变化即将来临。故选B。
49．句意：一天，我注意到书店里有一种压抑的气氛。A. joy快乐；B. doubt怀疑；C. depression压抑；D. expectation期待。根据下文"he was struggling to keep the doors open"可知，书店面临着困境，因此气氛压抑。故选C。
50．句意：店主告诉我，由于租金飞涨和网络书店的竞争，他很难维持营业。A. but for要不是；B. apart from除了；C. in spite of尽管；D. due to由于。根据下文"the skyrocketing rent and the competition from online bookstores, he was struggling to keep the doors open"可知，由于租金飞涨和网络书店的竞争，书店难以维持。故选D。
51．句意：我们在书店前组织了一场书展，邀请当地作家和艺术家参加。A. fair集市；B. cart手推车；C. club俱乐部；D. seminar研讨会。根据下文"in front of the bookstore, inviting local authors and artists to participate"可知，作者他们组织了一场书展。故选A。
52．句意：来自社区各地的人们都来表示支持。A. concern关心；B. sympathy同情；C. support支持；D. respect尊重。根据上文"We also set up an online crowd funding page to collect donations. People from all over the neighborhood came to show their"和下文"They bought books, donated money, and shared their own memories of the bookstore."可知，人们来书店表示支持。故选C。
53．句意：由于大家的共同努力，我们筹集到了足够的资金来支付一段时间的租金。A. cover覆盖，支付；B. increase增加；C. donate捐赠；D. collect收集。根据上文"we managed to raise enough funds"和下文"the rent for a while"可知，筹集到的资金足够支付一段时间的租金。故选A。
54．句意：一个社区的爱和支持可以保存真正有价值的东西。A. distinguish区分；B. preserve保存，保护；C. seek寻找；D. bring带来。根据下文"something truly valuable. The old bookstore was not just a place to buy books; it was a cornerstone of our community's cultural and emotional heritage"可知，社区的支持保护了书店。故选B。
55．句意：这家老书店不仅仅是一个买书的地方；它是我们社区文化和情感遗产的基石，值得为拯救它而斗争。A. book书；B. value价值；C. competition竞争；D. fight斗争。根据上文"They bought books, donated money, and shared their own memories of the bookstore."、"it was worth every bit of the"和下文"to save it"可知，为拯救书店而斗争是值得的。故选D。
【答案】56．have destroyed；57．in；58．the；59．which；60．to access；61．schools；62．led；63．Additionally；64．their；65．precious
【知识点】定冠词；现在完成时；主谓一致；说明文；社会文化类
【解析】·【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在数字时代如何保护传统节日及其文化。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及时态，主谓一致，介词，冠词，定语从句，非谓语动词，名词，副词，代词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。
56．句意：由于全球化和城市化在过去几十年里破坏了许多传统习俗，传统节日常植根于几个世纪的文化遗产，正面临着前所未有的挑战。destroy，毁坏，动词。根据时间状语"over the past decades"可知，destroy"破坏"这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，时态应用现在完成进行时have/has been doing，主语"globalization and urbanization"是复数，因此助动词用have。故填have destroyed。
57．句意：迫切需要创新的方法来跟上时代的步伐。此处表示"（非常）需要"，in (urgent) demand，固定短语，符合语境。故填in。
58．句意：在中国，政府已经采取了有效措施将濒危习俗数字化。此处特指"中国政府"，因此用定冠词the。故填the。
59．句意：例如，每年一度的苗族新年庆祝活动，包括复杂的舞蹈，正在通过3D扫描进行记录。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the annual Miao New Year celebration，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，因此用关系代词which引导。故填which。
60．句意：这使得年轻一代能够以一种吸引人的方式接触到文化遗产。access，名词（通道/入口/接近/使用的机会/访问）；动词（使用/获取/访问）。此处表示 "使某人能够做某事" ，enable sb to do sth，固定短语，故空处应用动词不定式。故填to access。
61．句意：在福建古田镇，客家村民与学校合作，提供实践工作坊，教授传统灯笼制作技术。school，学校/学院/学派，名词。空处在句中作介词with的宾语，且此处泛指多所学校，应用其复数形式。故填schools。
62．句意：由遗产专家领导的每周工作坊引导学生完成12个工艺步骤，同时鼓励他们加入太阳能照明和数字图案等现代元素。lead，领导/带领/引领，动词。空处为非谓语且在句中作后置定语修饰名词guide，动词lead与其逻辑主语guide构成逻辑上的被动关系，故空处应用过去分词作后置定语。故填led。
63．句意：此外，社交媒体在中秋节等节日期间促进了文化交流，全球用户分享他们庆祝家庭团聚和丰收的场景。additional，额外的/附加的/补充的，形容词。空处在句中作状语修饰整个句子，应用其副词形式，句首首字母大写。故填Additionally。
64．句意：此外，社交媒体在中秋节等节日期间促进了文化交流，全球用户分享他们庆祝家庭团聚和丰收的场景。they，他们/她们/它们，主格。空处修饰名词celebration，因此用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
65．句意：这些数字互动保护了传统，确保珍贵的遗产随着技术而发展。price，价格，名词。空处在句中做前置定语修饰名词heritage，且表示"珍贵的"，precious，形容词，符合语境。故填precious。
66．【答案】financial
【知识点】作前置定语；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：在实施新的管理策略后，这家公司的财务业绩有了显著改善。空处表示"财务的"，financial，形容词，做前置定语修饰名词performance，符合语境。故填financial。【点评】考查形容词financial的识记运用以及形容词做前置定语修饰名词。注意：首先，明确句子的主语、谓语、宾语等基本成分，判断空格在句子中的位置。根据句子结构和上下文语境，判断空格处应填入的词性。若空格处需填形容词作前置定语，则进一步分析应填形容词的具体内容和含义，根据上下文语境和句意，选择最符合句意的形容词。
67．【答案】frown
【知识点】固定短语
【解析】【分析】句意：当看到孩子们把客厅弄得一团糟时，他忍不住皱起了眉头。空处表示"皱眉"，frown，动词，此处表示"忍不住做某事/不得不做某事"，couldn't help but do sth，固定搭配，故空处应用动词原形。故填frown。【点评】考查动词frown的识记运用以及固定搭配couldn't help but do sth。注意：固定短语或者搭配有其固定的结构和用法，包括词序、词性搭配等。在解题时，要注意短语的结构特点，确保填入的词与短语的其他部分在词性和词序上相匹配。
68．【答案】illustrate
【知识点】固定短语；动词原形；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：老师用了几个例子来阐明光合作用的复杂概念。空处表示"阐明"，illustrate，动词，此处表示"使用......做某事"，use sth to do sth，固定搭配，空处位于不定式符号to后，应用动词原形。故填illustrate。【点评】考查动词illustrate的识记运用，非谓语动词（动词不定式）以及固定搭配use sth to do sth。注意：固定搭配：illustrate a concept/theory阐明概念/理论；illustrate with examples用例子说明。同义词：explain, clarify, demonstrate。
69．【答案】indicate
【知识点】一般现在时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：所有的数据表明，今天下午晚些时候会有大雨。空处表示"表明"，indicate，动词，空处为主句的谓语，此处陈述一般性事实，故谓语时态为一般现在时，主语figures是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填indicate。【点评】考查动词indicate的识记运用，时态（一般现在时）以及主谓一致。注意：1. 识别谓语动词。首先，需要确定空格处是否需要填入谓语动词。这通常取决于句子的结构和语境。如果句子中缺少谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词但所填动词与之构成并列关系，则空格处应填入谓语动词。2.确定时态。（1）寻找时间状语；如果没有明确的时间状语，则需要根据上下文语境中的时态来确定空格处的时态。（2）理解时态的基本用法。3. 确定语态。4. 主谓一致。确保谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致：主语为单数时，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。注意第三人称单数形式的变化规则。5. 注意动词的变形。
70．【答案】ongoing
【知识点】作前置定语；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：这项持续进行的研究项目旨在找到治疗这种罕见疾病的方法。空处表示"持续进行的"，ongoing，形容词，做前置定语修饰名词短语research project，符合语境。故填ongoing。【点评】考查形容词ongoing的识记运用以及形容词做前置定语修饰名词。注意：（1）分析句子结构，定位修饰对象。首先需明确空白处修饰的名词。若空白后紧跟名词，通常需填入形容词。（2）结合上下文，判断形容词含义广东省深圳市第二高级中学2024-2025学年高一下学期第六学段(期末)考试英语真题
一、单项选择题(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)
1．One of his most admirable ________ is his ability to remain calm under pressure.
A．catastrophes B．identities C．conquests D．traits
【答案】D
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他最令人钦佩的特质之一是他在压力下保持冷静的能力。A. catastrophes灾难；B. identities身份；C. conquests征服；D. traits特质。结合"his ability to remain calm under pressure"可知，空处应表达"特质"，故用traits。故选D。【点评】 考查名词辨析。注意：要仔细阅读题目，理解题干的意思。确定题目是在询问某个特定场景或语境下应该使用哪个名词。仔细分析每个选项的词义，确保对每个名词的含义有准确的理解。注意区分近义词之间的细微差别。确保所选名词与题目要求的词性相符。有时题目可能要求选择名词的复数形式或所有格形式，因此要注意名词的形态变化。
2．After years of planning, they finally decided to ________ the ambitious project.
A．consist of B．embark on C．take off D．put aside
【答案】B
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：经过多年的规划，他们最终决定着手开展这个雄心勃勃的项目。A. consist of由……组成；B. embark on着手做、开始从事；C. take off起飞、脱下、突然成功；D. put aside把……放在一边、搁置、储蓄。根据"After years of planning"以及"the ambitious project"可推知，在经过多年规划后，他们要开始实施这个项目了，动词短语embark on符合语境。故选B。【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意：在解题时，要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解句子的语境和含义，根据句子的逻辑关系和语境，判断哪个动词短语更符合句子的意思。对于不确定的选项，可以先尝试排除那些明显不符合句意或语法的选项，缩小选择范围，将各个选项进行对比分析，找出它们之间的异同点，从而确定正确答案。
3．The new ________ area is designed to provide a comfortable living environment for families.
A．ornamental B．vulnerable C．residential D．poisonous
【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这个新的住宅区旨在为家庭提供舒适的居住环境。A. ornamental装饰性的；B. vulnerable脆弱的；C. residential居住的，住宅的；D. poisonous有毒的。根据句意和"provide a comfortable living environment for families"可知，这里指这个住宅区会提供一个很好的居住环境。故选C。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：结合上下文，理解句子语境，把握形容词在其中的具体含义和用法。注意形容词与其他词汇之间的逻辑关系，如并列、转折、因果等。
4．The initial meeting was productive, and ________ discussions led to a successful agreement.
A．pioneering B．subsequent C．fragile D．depressing
【答案】B
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：最初的会议是富有成效的，随后的讨论促成了一项成功的协议。A. pioneering开创性的；B. subsequent随后的；C. fragile脆弱的；D. depressing令人忧愁的，使人沮丧的。根据"The initial meeting"可知，subsequent"随后的"符合题意，就最初的会议而言有了随后的讨论。故选B。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：首先，要识别出题目是在考察形容词辨析，明确解题方向。仔细阅读题干，确保理解句子的整体意思和形容词在句子中的作用。对每个选项中的形容词有一个基本的了解，知道它们的基本含义和常用搭配。注意形容词之间的细微差别，包括词义轻重、侧重点、感彩等。这些差别往往决定了形容词在特定语境中的适用性。
5．She proved to be very ________ when she found creative solutions to the project's challenges.
A．resourceful B．substantial C．passive D．ethnic
【答案】A
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：当她为项目挑战找到创造性的解决方案时，她证明了自己非常足智多谋。A. resourceful足智多谋的；B. substantial大量的；C. passive被动的；D. ethnic种族的。结合"when she found creative solutions to the project's challenges"可知，空格处应表达"足智多谋的"，故用resourceful，作表语。故选A。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：在题干中寻找与形容词相关的关键词，如名词、动词、副词等，这些词汇会提供形容词使用的上下文。理解句子的整体含义，确保所选形容词能够准确表达句子的意思。
6．Adding too many details to the project plan only served to ________ matters and delay progress.
A．complicate B．outnumber C．reconstruct D．portray
【答案】A
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：在项目计划中添加过多细节，只会使事情变得复杂，还会延误进度。A. complicate使复杂化；B. outnumber数量超过；C. reconstruct重建；D. portray描绘。根据句意和"Adding too many details to the project plan"可知，这里指添加过多东西使事情变得复杂了。故选A。【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：动词辨析题要求考生从提供的选项中选择最合适的动词填入句子中，使句子意思通顺、语法正确。解题时，首先要仔细阅读题干，理解句子的整体意思和语境。然后，逐一分析选项，注意动词的时态、语态、语气以及搭配等。最后，选出最符合语境和语法的动词。
7．Despite numerous challenges, she continued to make every ________ to achieve her academic goals.
A．likelihood B．navigation C．endeavor D．anticipation
【答案】C
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管面临诸多挑战，她仍继续竭尽全力去实现自己的学术目标。A. likelihood可能性；B. navigation导航；C. endeavor努力；D. anticipation期待。根据句意和to achieve her academic goals可知，这里指她竭尽全力去实现自己的目标。故选C。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：分析名词与题干中其他词语的搭配关系，确保所选名词与题干中的动词、形容词或介词等词语能够合理搭配。将每个选项代入题干中，结合语境进行推理判断。
8．When planning their future, the couple tried to ________ a life filled with happiness and success for their family.
A．boost B．savor C．retreat D．envision
【答案】D
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：在规划未来时，这对夫妇试图为他们的家庭设想一个充满幸福和成功的生活。A. boost促进；B. savor品味；C. retreat撤退；D. envision设想。结合"a life filled with happiness and success for their family"可知，空格处应表达"设想"，故用envision。故选D。【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：仔细阅读题干，理解句子的整体意思和所处的语境。注意句子中的连词、副词等词语，它们往往能揭示动词之间的逻辑关系，如并列、转折、因果等。题干中可能包含一些关键词或提示，这些关键词或提示往往能暗示动词的选择。
9．He decided to ________ his spare time to volunteering, believing it was a meaningful way to contribute to society.
A．degrade B．neglect C．interfere D．dedicate
【答案】D
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他决定把业余时间奉献给志愿服务，相信这是为社会做贡献的一种有意义的方式。A. degrade（使）退化，降解；B. neglect忽视；C. interfere干涉，妨碍；D. dedicate献（身），致力。根据"his spare time to volunteering"可知，dedicate"献（身），致力"符合题意，构成短语dedicate sth. do doing"将某物奉献给做某事"，表示"把业余时间奉献给志愿服务"。故选D。【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：分析句子结构，理解句子的整体结构，明确主语、谓语、宾语等关键成分，有助于判断所需动词的类型和形式。仔细阅读题干，捕捉关键词汇和短语，理解句子的语境和含义。有时，上下文中的时间、地点、人物等细节信息会提供解题的线索。
10．The artist found ________ in the vibrant colours of the sunset, which motivated him to create a new masterpiece.
A．cultivation B．inspiration C．exhibition D．concentration
【答案】B
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这位艺术家从日落绚丽的色彩中找到了灵感，这促使他创作了一幅新的杰作。A. cultivation培养；B. inspiration灵感；C. exhibition展览；D. concentration专注。根据句意和create a new masterpiece可知，这里指这位艺术家从日落中找到了灵感从而创造出新作。故选B。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：考虑语境中的时间、地点、人物关系等因素，选择最符合语境的名词。如果某个选项与题目中的语境明显不符或语法上存在错误，可以优先排除该选项。通过逐一排除不可能的选项，可以逐步缩小选择范围，最终找到正确答案。
11．Throughout the world _________ advance has been made in science and technology is due to education which brings forth knowledge, creation and inventions.
A．whoever B．whatever C．what D．that
【答案】B
【知识点】让步状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：全世界科学技术的任何进步都归功于教育，它带来了知识、创造和发明。分析句子可知，设空处引导主语从句，在主语从句中，advance（进步）是名词，设空处需要一个既能引导主语从句，又能在从句中作定语修饰 advance的词。"whatever" 在这里引导主语从句，相当于"any advance that"，表示"无论什么样的"，在句中作定语修饰"advance"，强调不管是在科技方面取得的何种进步都归功于教育。故选B。【点评】考查状语从句。注意：首先要阅读题干，仔细阅读题目和选项，理解题目的要求和句子的整体意思。再识别状语从句类型，根据句中的引导词和逻辑关系判断状语从句的类型。分析句子结构和逻辑关系，明确主句和从句之间的关系以及句子中的成分和时态。最后对比选项，根据句子结构和逻辑关系对比选项中的连词和时态等要素，选择最符合题目要求的答案。
12．Though ________ with numerous challenges, the scientist never stopped ________ experiments to find a cure for the rare disease.
A．faced; to conduct B．facing; conducting
C．faced; conducting D．facing; to conduct
【答案】C
【知识点】动名词；动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管面临众多挑战，这位科学家从未停止进行实验以寻找治疗这种罕见疾病的方法。本句谓语为stopped，这两空均为非谓语动词，第一空：be faced with"面临"，此处省略be动词，用过去分词faced作状语。第二空：conduct"做"；stop doing sth.表示 "停止做某事"，stop to do sth. 表示"停下来去做另一件事"。此处表示科学家从未停止"进行实验"，应用动名词conducting，作宾语。故选C。【点评】考查非谓语动词。注意：解答非谓语动词相关题目时，首先要读题审题，仔细阅读题目，理解句子的整体意义。分析句子结构，找出谓语动词和非谓语动词。判断非谓语动词的作用，确定非谓语动词在句子中充当的成分及其逻辑主语。分析语态和时态，根据非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系及时间关系，判断应使用的语态和时态。对比选项，将分析结果与选项进行对比，选择最符合题意的答案。
13．It was her dedication to helping others ______ impressed everyone at the event.
A．who B．whom C．that D．which
【答案】C
【知识点】强调句；that
【解析】【分析】句意：正是她致力于帮助他人的精神让活动现场的所有人都印象深刻。去掉it was和空处句子依然完整，故此处考查强调句；强调句结构为：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分，当被强调部分是人时，可用who或that；被强调部分是物或情况时，只能用that，本句中强调句子的主语her dedication to helping others。故选C。
【点评】考查强调句型，掌握其结构"：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分"。
14．Only when they reached the restaurant ______ that it was the same place they had been in last year.
A．had they realized B．they did realize
C．realized they D．did they realize
【答案】D
【知识点】倒装句
【解析】【分析】句意：只有当他们到达那家餐馆时，他们才意识到这就是他们去年去过的地方。only+状语放在句首，句子要用部分倒装，根据句中的reached可知本句为一般过去时，倒装部分要将助动词did 提前。故选D。【点评】考查倒装句。注意：在解答倒装句相关的题目时，首先要阅读题干，仔细阅读题目，理解句子的整体意思。识别倒装，判断句子是否为倒装句，并确定其类型（全部倒装或部分倒装）。分析成分，识别句子的主语和谓语，特别是谓语的位置和形式。应用规则，根据语法规则判断选项的正确性，特别是时态、主谓一致和固定句型的应用。选择答案，在理解句子结构和应用语法规则的基础上，选择最符合题目要求的答案。
15．Hard __________ he tried, he couldn't figure out the solution to the math problem within the time limit.
A．although B．while C．as D．even if
【答案】C
【知识点】让步状语从句；倒装句
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管他非常努力，他仍然无法在规定时间内解出这道数学题。A. although虽然；B. while虽然/当…时；C. as由于/当…时/尽管；D. even if即使。四个选项均可引导让步状语从句，但只有as在引导让步状语从句时，可用部分倒装，其结构为"形容词/副词 + as + 主语 + 谓语"，与题干中的Hard as he tried结构相符。故选C。【点评】考查让步状语从句和倒装结构。注意：在解答状语从句相关题目时，首先要阅读题干，仔细阅读题目和选项，理解题目的要求和句子的整体意思。再识别状语从句类型，根据句中的引导词和逻辑关系判断状语从句的类型。分析句子结构和逻辑关系，明确主句和从句之间的关系以及句子中的成分和时态。最后对比选项，根据句子结构和逻辑关系对比选项中的连词和时态等要素，选择最符合题目要求的答案。
16．— What makes him so excited these days
— ________ a key university.
A．Admitted into B．Admitting
C．Having been admitted into D．Being admitted to
【答案】D
【知识点】动词的语态；动名词
【解析】【分析】句意：——这些天什么让他如此兴奋？——被一所重点大学录取。A. Admitted into被录取进入，过去分词或者过去式；B. Admitting承认，现在分词或者动名词；C. Having been admitted into已被录取进入，现在分词的完成被动式；D. Being admitted to正在被录取进入，现在分词/动名词的被动式。分析句子结构可知，答句是省略句，完整形式为"________ a key university makes him so excited these days"，空格处需作主语。由于主语部分需要表达的是一个动作或状态，应使用动名词形式，且逻辑主语him与admit之间是被动关系，故用动名词的被动式。Having been admitted into是现在分词完成被动式，强调动作先于谓语动词的动作发生，通常作状语，而非主语。故选D。【点评】考查非谓语动词。注意：判断使用动名词被动式的条件。1. 语法场合：确定句子中需要使用动名词的位置，如作主语、宾语、介词宾语、表语等。2. 逻辑关系：判断动名词的逻辑主语与动名词之间是否为被动关系。若动名词所修饰的名词或代词在意义上是充当动名词动作的承受者，即作动名词的逻辑宾语时，动名词要用被动形式。
17．— Why hasn't he come yet
— I don't know, but I ________ him of the meeting.
A．had reminded B．did remind C．does remind D．remind
【答案】B
【知识点】一般过去时；强调句
【解析】【分析】句意：——为什么他还没来？——我不知道，但是我确实提醒过他会议的事了。A. had reminded已提醒过，过去完成时；B. did remind确实提醒过，一般过去时强调形式；C. does remind确实会提醒，一般现在时强调形式；D. remind提醒，动词原形。remind(提醒)是分句谓语动词，根据句意，"提醒过他会议的事"是过去的事情，用一般过去时态，又因为说话人想强调自己确实提醒过，可用"do/does/did+谓语动词(动词原形)"结构来强调谓语动作，构成强调句，一般过去时态中助动词用did。故选B。【点评】考查时态和强调句。注意：在解答强调句的题目时，首先要阅读题干和选项，仔细阅读题目和选项，理解题目的要求和句子的整体意思。再识别强调句结构，判断题目中的句子是否符合强调句的结构特征。分析句子成分，确定被强调部分和谓语动词等关键成分。理解语法规则和特殊用法，运用强调句的语法规则和特殊用法进行解题。对比选项，根据分析结果对比选项中的连词、时态、语态等要素选择最符合题目要求的答案。注意：强调句与从句的辨析，有时强调句与其他从句（如定语从句、主语从句等）在结构上相似，容易混淆。解题时需要仔细分析句子结构和逻辑关系，判断其是否为强调句。强调句中的谓语动词通常与被强调部分保持一致，特别是当强调主语时，要特别注意谓语动词的数和时态。
18．On the contrary, I think it is David, __________ you, that __________ to blame.
A．rather than; is B．rather than; are
C．more than; is D．more than; are
【答案】A
【知识点】固定短语；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：相反，我认为是大卫，而不是你，应该受到责备。rather than而不是；more than超过、不仅仅；is是/有/存在，一般现在时的三单式；are是/有/存在，一般现在时的复数形式。"it is David, _____ you, that _____ to blame."是一个强调句，被强调部分"David, _____ you"是原句主语，第一空处表示是"David"而不是"you"该受责备，所以用连词rather than连接；第二空处是原句谓语，是连系动词，根据主谓一致中"就远原则"，当"rather than"连接两个名词做主语时，谓语动词要与前面的名词保持一致，所以系动词与前面的名词"David"保持人称和数的一致，是第三人称单数形式is。故选A。【点评】考查短语辨析和主谓一致。注意：在解答主谓一致题目时，首先要识别主语，仔细阅读题目，准确识别出句子的主语。分析谓语，确定谓语动词的数与主语是否一致，注意谓语动词的特殊用法，如系动词"be"的单复数形式，以及某些动词的特殊变形。应用原则，根据语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则，分析并确定谓语动词的正确形式，特别注意那些容易混淆的情况，如集体名词、分数或百分数+名词短语、由连词连接的主语等。
19．The local guide told the explorers that ropes and knives were ________ wanted to go into the inner part of the mountain must take along.
A．that whoever B．what who C．what whoever D．that who
【答案】C
【知识点】主语从句；表语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：当地导游告诉探险者，任何想进入山内的人都必须随身携带绳索和刀子。were后是表语从句，从句谓语部分是must take along，引导词在从句中作宾语，指物，应用连接代词what引导；表语从句的主语部分是一个主语从句，引导词在主语从句中作主语，表示"任何想进入山内的人"，应用whoever引导主语从句。故选C。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的表语从句以及whoever引导的主语从句。
20．_______ on the top of the mountain is an ancient tower _______ back to two hundred years ago.
A．Standing; dating B．To stand; to date
C．Having stood; dating D．Stand; dated
【答案】A
【知识点】动词现在分词；分词
【解析】【分析】句意：位于山顶的是一座追溯到两百年前的古塔。A. Standing站立，现在分词/动名词；dating追溯，现在分词/动名词；B. To stand站立，动词不定式；to date追溯，动词不定式；C. Having stood已经站立，现在分词完成式；dating追溯，现在分词/动名词；D. Stand站立，动词原形；dated追溯，过去分词/过去式。句中is为谓语动词，第一空使用非谓语动词，此处表示"矗立"用stand，此处使用现在分词短语作表语，为了保持句子平衡，将现在分词短语提到句首，引起完全倒装；第二空中date back to意为"追溯"，与an ancient tower之间为主动关系，此处使用现在分词作后置定语修饰tower。故选A。【点评】考查非谓语动词。注意：现在分词作后置定语的解题步骤。1. 定位被修饰的名词或代词：首先，在句子中找到需要被修饰的名词或代词。2. 寻找后置定语：然后，观察该名词或代词之后是否有现在分词短语或其他形式的定语。3. 分析逻辑关系：接着，分析现在分词与被修饰名词或代词之间的逻辑关系，确定它们之间是主动关系还是被动关系（虽然被动关系通常用过去分词表示，但理解这一点有助于区分现在分词和过去分词的用法）。4. 确定语义：最后，根据上下文和逻辑关系，确定现在分词作后置定语所表达的具体语义。
二、A
Best Hollywood Tours
Big Bus Tours Los Angeles
Price: $ 47. 20 for adults; $ 39. 20 for kids
Duration: 2 hours
TMZ, known for its celebrity news-fueled television show and website, operates this bus tour that takes travelers through Hollywood in the hopes of seeing their favorite celebrities. During the two-hour trip, TMZ guides will take you to celebrity hang-outs in West Hollywood, Beverly Hills and more. The guides even bring video cameras in case a passing celebrity is willing to give an interview.
Ultimate Hollywood Tours
Price: $ 44 for adults; $ 34 for kids
Duration:2 hours
Keep your eyes peeled for Hollywood A-listers on this two-hour open-top bus tour, which promises to drive by dozens of celebrity homes. The bus will also cruise down Rodeo Drive and pass by the Hollywood Walk of Fame landmark and the Dolby Theatre, among other celebrity haunts (常去的地方). Visitors appreciate the guides' sense of humor and knowledge. They also say this is an excellent way to see the major attractions in Hollywood in a short amount of time.
The Real Los Angeles Tours
Price:$ 40
Duration:2 hours
During this historic walking tour, travelers will learn why Hollywood was selected by movie industry pioneers in the early 20th century. The two-hour tour also stops at unique sights, such as the oldest house in Hollywood. But major attractions aren't forgotten either: You can expect to see the Capitol Records Building, the Dolby Theatre and the Hollywood Walk of Fame, among other sights. Reviewers enjoy the informative guides, and even locals say they discover things they never knew about the city.
Open Bus Tours
Price:$ 35
Duration:2 hours
Admire the mansions of Hollywood's rich and famous as you wind through LA's posh neighborhoods on this two-hour, open-air bus tour. Then, pass by iconic sights, such as the Hollywood sign and Mulholland Drive, before cruising along Rodeo Drive, the Sunset Strip and other well-known Hollywood locales. Most reviewers give the tour high marks, applauding the amusing and informative guides.
21．How much should Mr. and Mrs. Green pay if they take on Big Bus Tours Los Angeles
A．$47. 2 B．$78. 4 C．$86. 4 D．$94. 4
22．What is special with The Real Los Angeles Tours
A．It is a walking tour.
B．Tourists are charged most.
C．Tourists take on open bus.
D．They are arranged to meet movie stars.
23．Which should you take if you want to visit the Sunset Strip
A．Big Bus Tours Los Angeles. B．Ultimate Hollywood Tours.
C．The Real Los Angeles Tours. D．Open Bus Tours.
【答案】21．D
22．A
23．D
【知识点】应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了四种好莱坞旅行项目，包括价格、持续时间及项目特色等信息。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和数字计算题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做数字计算题时，通读题干，需要仔细阅读题目，明确题目要求计算的具体内容，如时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等。 再定位关键词，根据题干中的关键词，在文章中迅速定位到与之相关的数据。 再根据题目要求，选择合适的计算方法（加、减、乘、除）。注意，有时可能需要进行多步计算。
21．数字计算题。根据Big Bus Tours Los Angeles部分中"Price: 47.20 for adults; 39. 20 for kids (价格：成人47. 20美元；儿童39. 20美元)"可知，成人票价为47.2美元，儿童票价为39.2美元。所以格林先生和夫人两位成人需要支付的费用是47.2乘以2，即94.4美元。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据Big Bus Tours Los Angeles部分中"TMZ, known for its celebrity news-fueled television show and website, operates this bus tour that takes travelers through Hollywood in the hopes of seeing their favorite celebrities. (以名人新闻为主的电视节目和网站而闻名的TMZ，经营着这个巴士之旅，带着游客穿越好莱坞，希望能看到他们最喜欢的名人。)"；Ultimate Hollywood Tours部分中"Keep your eyes peeled for Hollywood A-listers on this two-hour open-top bus tour (在这两个小时的敞篷巴士之旅中，请睁大眼睛寻找好莱坞一线明星)"；The Real Los Angeles Tours部分中"During this historic walking tour, travelers will learn why Hollywood was selected by movie industry pioneers in the early 20th century. (在这次历史性的徒步旅行中，游客将了解为什么好莱坞在20世纪初被电影业的先驱们选中。)"和Open Bus Tours部分中"Admire the mansions of Hollywood's rich and famous as you wind through LA's posh neighborhoods on this two-hour, open-air bus tour. (在这两个小时的露天巴士之旅中，您将在洛杉矶的豪华社区中漫步，欣赏好莱坞富豪和名人的豪宅。)"可知，The Real Los Angeles Tours的特别之处在于它是一个徒步旅行，而其它都是巴士之旅。故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据Open Bus Tours部分中"Then, pass by iconic sights, such as the Hollywood sign and Mulholland Drive, before cruising along Rodeo Drive, the Sunset Strip and other well-known Hollywood locales. (然后，经过好莱坞标志和穆赫兰道等标志性景点，然后沿着罗迪欧大道、日落大道和其他著名的好莱坞景点游览。)"可知，如果想参观日落大道(Sunset Strip)，应该选择Open Bus Tours。故选D。
三、B
Anthony Doerr's new bestseller, All the Light We Cannot See, holds special appeal for me. That's how I would describe it. From the poetic language, to the realization of what the tile actually means: that underneath the surface of history, there is light that has not been seen, and stories that have gone untold.
I'm going to be honest-love for this book didn't hit me straight away. In fact, my first attempt to read it last month ended with me putting it aside and going to find something easier, lighter and less descriptive to read. But this book is built on beautiful imagery. Both in the literal sense-the physical world of 1940s Paris and Germany, and the metaphorical (隐喻性的)sense-scientific and philosophical references to light, to seeing and not seeing, and the differences between the two. It's a beautiful work of genius, but it does get a little complicated at times.
However, when we get into the meat of this World War II novel, it's also an upsetting story of a childhood torn apart by war. It's about Parisian Marie Laure who has been blind since she was six, and a German orphan called Werner who finds himself at the center of the Hitler Youth. Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy, each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war.
I think this is the kind of book you will never appreciate if you stop too soon-I learned that lesson. From the first to last page, there is a theme of invisible lines running parallel (平行的)to one another and sometimes, just sometimes, crossing in the strangest way. These two lives we are introduced to seem to be worlds apart, and yet they come together and influence one another. It was this, more than the predictably awful tale of war, that made me feel quite emotional.
24．What does the writer think of the book
A．Light and easy to read. B．Rich in philosophical ideas.
C．Fascinating but too descriptive. D．Too complicated for its theme.
25．What can we learn about Marie Laure and Werner
A．The war leads to their sensitivity.
B．They know each other at an early age.
C．The Hitler Youth pushes them to grow.
D．They both have a miserable childhood.
26．What particularly stirred the writer's emotions
A．The book's dramatic ending.
B．The book's beautiful imagery.
C．The characters' interconnected destiny.
D．The suffering brought by World War II.
27．What is the purpose of this text
A．To share the writer's feelings of a book.
B．To recommend a delightful bestseller.
C．To tell readers a heartbreaking story.
D．To analyze the structure of a book.
【答案】24．C
25．D
26．C
27．A
【知识点】推理判断题；文学艺术类；议论文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇书评。作者主要介绍了安东尼·多尔的最新畅销书《我们看不见的光》，作者主要介绍了这本书的主要内容，以及作者对于这本书的感想。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及推理判断题和主旨大意题两种题型。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段"Anthony Doerr's new bestseller, All the Light We Cannot See, holds special appeal for me.(安东尼·多尔的最新畅销书《我们看不见的光》对我有着特殊的吸引力。)"以及第二段"In fact, my first attempt to read it last month ended with me putting it aside and going to find something easier, lighter and less descriptive to read. But this book is built on beautiful imagery. Both in the literal sense-the physical world of 1940s Paris and Germany, and the metaphorical (隐喻性的)sense-scientific and philosophical references to light, to seeing and not seeing, and the differences between the two. (事实上，上个月我第一次尝试读它的时候，我把它放在一边，去找一些更简单、更轻松、描述性更少的书来读。但这本书是建立在美丽的意象之上的。无论是在字面意义上——20世纪40年代的巴黎和德国的物理世界，还是在隐喻意义上——对光的科学和哲学参考，看到和看不到，以及两者之间的差异。)"可知，在作者看来，这部书很吸引人，同时又极具描述性。故选C。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段"However, when we get into the meat of this World War II novel, it's also an upsetting story of a childhood torn apart by war. "（然而，当我们进入这本二战小说的核心部分时，它也是一个关于被战争撕裂的童年的令人沮丧的故事。）根据第三段"Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy, each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war.(他们俩的故事都充满了敏感和同情，每个人都被他们的个人环境和毁灭性的怪物战争逼上了一条路。)"可知，这两个人的童年都很悲惨。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy, each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war.(他们俩的故事都充满了敏感和同情，每个人都被他们的个人环境和毁灭性的怪物战争逼上了一条路。)"以及最后一段"These two lives we are introduced to seem to be worlds apart, and yet they come together and influence one another. It was this, more than the predictably awful tale of war, that made me feel quite emotional.(我们被介绍的这两种生活似乎是两个不同的世界，但他们走到一起，互相影响。正是这一点，而不是那些可以预见的可怕的战争故事，让我感到非常激动。)"可知，打动作者的正是这种人物相互关联的命运。故选C。
27．主旨大意题。根据第一段"Anthony Doerr's new bestseller, All the Light We Cannot See, holds special appeal for me. That's how I would describe it. From the poetic language, to the realization of what the tile actually means: that underneath the surface of history, there is light that has not been seen, and stories that have gone untold.(安东尼·多尔的最新畅销书《我们看不见的光》对我有着特殊的吸引力。这就是我对它的描述。从诗意的语言，到意识到标题的真正含义：在历史的表面下，有未被看到的光，和未被讲述的故事。)"以及最后一段"I think this is the kind of book you will never appreciate if you stop too soon-I learned that lesson. From the first to last page, there is a theme of invisible lines running parallel (平行的)to one another and sometimes, just sometimes, crossing in the strangest way.(我认为这是一本书，如果你停得太快，你就永远不会欣赏它——我学到了这一课。从第一页到最后一页，有一个主题是看不见的线彼此平行运行，有时，只是有时，以最奇怪的方式交叉。)"可知，文章的目的是分享作者对一本书的感受。故选A。
四、C
Understanding a simple-looking English sentence such as "I read this article yesterday" actually requires some complicated conceptual computation: a subject ("T") performed an action ("read") on an object ("article") at a specific time ("yesterday"). But the human brain routinely does this work nearly at once based on the language's grammatical rules, says linguist Andrea E. Martin. And Martin's team has now found that the human brain can accommodate fundamental grammatical differences across languages by adjusting how it processes each sentence.
For a recent study in PLOS Biology, the researchers observed variations in Dutch-speaking participants' brain waves while they listened to a Dutch-language audiobook. To visualize these changes, the scientists used a metric (指标) quantifying how many new "predictions" the brain makes of words that could come next in a sentence. This framework was then tested against three different parsing (语法分析的) strategies, or linguistic models that illustrate how the brain builds information over time.
Previous English-based studies with a similar setup concluded in favor of a model where listeners "wait and see" how each phrase in a sentence will end before interpreting it. But the Dutch speakers in Martin's study leaned strongly toward a highly predictive model; participants tended to finish each phrase in their head preemptively before it was complete. (A third model, in which listeners wait to hear all of the phrases in a sentence before interpreting any part of it, is seldom used in either language.)
In Dutch language structure, verbs come near the end of a sentence rather than immediately after the subject like they do in English, while in Korean, the subject is usually left out and in Arabic verbs often come first. So flexibility is vital in processing different languages simply because they have different properties.
The findings support the need for scientists to include more diversity when crafting linguistic models. "This is going to help us capture how the brain is understanding the structured meaning of language, and the social application of language," Martin says. "There's so much yet to be understood in the brain."
28．Why does the author cite the example in paragraph 1
A．To introduce a grammar rule.
B．To analyze an English sentence.
C．To bring in a new research finding.
D．To stress the complexity of human brain.
29．What does the underlined word "preemptively" in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．By accident. B．In advance. C．On time. D．By mistake.
30．Which sentence can match the Dutch language structure
A．Universe the about documentary saw.
B．Saw I a documentary about the universe.
C．I saw a documentary about the universe.
D．I a documentary about the universe saw.
31．What does Martin try to stress in the last paragraph
A．The challenges of brain researches.
B．The application of the present findings.
C．The purposes of different linguistic models.
D．The necessity to diversify subjects in studies.
【答案】28．C
29．B
30．D
31．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了语言学家Andrea E. Martin团队的研究发现：人类大脑通过调整语法分析策略来适应不同语言的基本语法差异，并强调科学界需在语言模型中纳入更多语言多样性。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及推理判断题和词义猜测题两种题型。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段"But the human brain routinely does this work nearly at once based on the language's grammatical rules, says linguist Andrea E. Martin. And Martin's team has now found that the human brain can accommodate fundamental grammatical differences across languages by adjusting how it processes each sentence.(但语言学家Andrea E. Martin表示，人脑通常会根据语言的语法规则几乎立即完成这项工作。而且，Martin的团队现在发现，人脑能够通过调整处理每个句子的方式来适应不同语言之间根本性的语法差异)"可知，作者开篇举例是为了引出Martin团队的新研究发现，即大脑处理不同语言的灵活性。故选C。
29．词义猜测题。根据第三段"participants tended to finish each phrase in their headpreemptively before it was complete(参与者倾向于在短语未完成时preemptively在脑中补全它)"可知，上文"But the Dutch speakers in Martin's study leaned strongly toward a highly predictive model(但在Martin的研究中，说荷兰语的人强烈倾向于一个高度预测的模型)"说的是参与者需要再头脑中补全每一个句子，下文说的是在完成之前，可推理出此处说的是参与者倾向于在短语未完成时提前在脑中补全它，可推理出"preemptively"意为"提前地"。故选B。
30．推理判断题。根据第四段"In Dutch language structure, verbs come near the end of a sentence rather than immediately after the subject like they do in English, while in Korean, the subject is usually left out and in Arabic verbs often come first. So flexibility is vital in processing different languages simply because they have different properties.(在荷兰语的结构中，动词位于句子的末尾，而不是像英语那样紧跟在主语之后；而在韩语中，主语通常被省略；在阿拉伯语里，动词往往放在最前面。因此，在处理不同语言时，灵活性至关重要，因为它们具有不同的特性)"可知，荷兰语结构为"主语+宾语+动词"结构。选项D"I a documentary about the universe saw"为"主语I+宾语a documentary about the universe+动词saw"结构，符合荷兰语结构。故选D。
31．推理判断题。根据最后一段"The findings support the need for scientists to include more diversity when crafting linguistic models.(这些发现支持了科学家在构建语言模型时需要纳入更多多样性的必要性)"可知，这些发现支持了科学家在构建语言模型时需要纳入更多多样性的必要性，可推理出Martin强调研究中语言多样性的必要性。故选D。
五、D
Recently, a friend asked for help with a tricky problem: they were staging a play, and the script had a large number of characters. They didn't want to hire an actor for each role, and while they could double up, they would run into problems if the same actor were playing two characters in a scene. Luckily, I was the right person to come to for help. There's a versatile (通用的) piece of maths — graph colouring — that's effective at solving many such problems, from casting a play to timetable scheduling.
Mathematicians are often particularly interested in graph colouring, which involves assigning a colour to each point of a graph-networks of points joined by lines, so that any two points joined with a line are assigned different-colours. Finding the minimum number of colours needed to do this can tell us something useful about the graph's structure. For example, a graph with a triangle of points all joined to a fourth point in the centre will need at least four colours to fill it in.
One of my favourite uses of graph colouring is in scheduling problems: imagine a set of students, with a shared set of classes. We can draw a graph, indicating each class by a point, and join two points if those classes have any students taking both(so they can't happen at the same time). Then, we find a way to colour the graph using the fewest possible colours. The minimum number of colours will tell us how many timetable periods we will need: each colour represents a set of classes with no overlap in students, so they can all happen simultaneously (同时地).
This may tell you how I solved my friend's problem: I suggested they draw a graph, represent each character with a point, and join two characters with a line if they appeared in any scenes together. Colouring this graph minimally then told them exactly how many actors they would need to stage the play. Another victory for maths — on with the show!
32．Which of the following best illustrates the example in paragraph 2
A． B．
C． D．
33．What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3
A．Clarify an assumption. B．Present an application.
C．Introduce an approach. D．Analyze a phenomenon.
34．How does the author sound in the last paragraph
A．Proud. B．Serious. C．Hesitant. D．Authoritative.
35．What is probably the best title for the text
A．When to Hire An Actor
B．How to Color A Graph
C．A Tricky Problem: Staging a Play
D．A Practical Tool: Graph Coloring
【答案】32．C
33．B
34．A
35．D
【知识点】推理判断题；说明文；日常生活类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了作者通过图着色这一数学工具帮助朋友解决戏剧排演中演员分配问题的故事，并介绍了图着色在多个领域的实际应用。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及推理判断题和标题选择题两种题型。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做标题选择题时，注意关注首尾句，首尾句往往包含段落或文章的核心信息，是判断标题是否准确的重要依据。利用关键词，文章中的关键词汇、短语或句子往往与标题有紧密联系，可以通过关键词汇的匹配来缩小选择范围。语境理解，理解文章的整体语境和作者的态度倾向，有助于准确把握文章的主旨和标题的选择方向。
32．推理判断题。根据第二段"Mathematicians are often particularly interested in graph colouring, which involves assigning a colour to each point of a graph-networks of points joined by lines, so that any two points joined with a line are assigned different-colours. Finding the minimum number of colours needed to do this can tell us something useful about the graph's structure. For example, a graph with a triangle of points all joined to a fourth point in the centre will need at least four colours to fill it in.(数学家通常对图着色特别感兴趣，这涉及到为图中的每个点（由线连接的网络点）分配一种颜色，以便任何两个由线连接的点被分配不同的颜色。找到这样做的最小颜色数可以告诉我们一些关于图结构的有用信息。例如，一个由三个点组成的三角形都连接到一个中心第四个点的图形，至少需要四种颜色来填充它。)"可知，由三个点组成的三角形都连接到一个中心第四个点的图形符合题意。故选C。
33．推理判断题。根据第三段"One of my favourite uses of graph colouring is in scheduling problems: imagine a set of students, with a shared set of classes. We can draw a graph, indicating each class by a point, and join two points if those classes have any students taking both(so they can't happen at the same time). Then, we find a way to colour the graph using the fewest possible colours. The minimum number of colours will tell us how many timetable periods we will need: each colour represents a set of classes with no overlap in students, so they can all happen simultaneously (同时地).(我最喜欢的图着色应用之一是在日程安排问题上：想象一组学生，他们有一组共同的课程。我们可以画一个图，用点表示每节课，如果这些课程有学生同时上，就把两个点连接起来（所以它们不能同时进行）。然后，我们找到一种方法，用尽可能少的颜色给图形着色。最小的颜色数将告诉我们需要多少个时间表周期：每种颜色代表一组学生没有重叠的课程，所以它们可以同时进行。)"可知，作者在第三段中主要介绍了图着色在日程安排问题中的应用，即作者的目的是介绍一种应用。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据最后一段"This may tell you how I solved my friend's problem: I suggested they draw a graph, represent each character with a point, and join two characters with a line if they appeared in any scenes together. Colouring this graph minimally then told them exactly how many actors they would need to stage the play. Another victory for maths — on with the show!(这可能会告诉你我是如何解决我朋友的问题的：我建议他们画一个图，用点表示每个角色，如果两个角色出现在任何场景中，就用一条线连接起来。对这个图进行最小着色，然后准确地告诉他们需要多少演员来排演这出戏。数学的又一次胜利——继续演出吧！)"可知，作者通过数学方法成功帮助朋友解决了问题，并对此感到自豪。故选A。
35．标题选择题。根据第一段"Recently, a friend asked for help with a tricky problem: they were staging a play, and the script had a large number of characters. They didn't want to hire an actor for each role, and while they could double up, they would run into problems if the same actor were playing two characters in a scene. Luckily, I was the right person to come to for help. There's a versatile (通用的) piece of maths — graph colouring — that's effective at solving many such problems, from casting a play to timetable scheduling.(最近，一位朋友请我帮忙解决一个棘手的问题：他们正在排演一出戏，剧本里有很多角色。他们不想为每个角色都雇一个演员，虽然他们可以一人分饰两角，但如果同一个演员在一个场景中扮演两个角色，他们就会遇到问题。幸运的是，我是来寻求帮助的合适人选。有一种通用的数学方法——图着色——可以有效地解决许多这样的问题，从选角到时间表安排。)"可知，文章主要介绍了图着色这一数学工具在解决实际问题中的应用，特别是帮助朋友解决戏剧排演中演员分配的问题。因此，D选项"A Practical Tool: Graph Coloring(一个实用的工具：图着色)"为最佳标题。故选D。
六、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。
Overcoming Fear of Failure
Have you ever been so afraid of failing at something that you decided not to try at all Or has fear of failure meant that, subconsciously, you undermined (削弱) your own efforts to avoid the possibility of a larger failure 　36． 　 It's important to realize that in everything we do, there's always a chance that we'll fail. Facing that chance and embracing it give us a more rewarding life. Here are a few ways to reduce the fear of failing.
Analyze all potential outcomes.　37． 　 Remove that fear by considering all of the potential outcomes of your decision. You can map possible outcomes visually.
Set small goals. Imagining how life will be after you've reached your goal is a great motivator to keep you moving forward. So start by setting a few small goals.　38． 　 Don't focus on the end picture. Just focus on the next step. Taking one small step at a time will help build your confidence, keep you moving towards your final goal.
Learn to think more positively. Every coin has two sides.　39． 　 Learn to change your thoughts and focus more on the bright side of the situation, making you like yourself. Positive thinking is an incredibly powerful way to build self-confidence.
　40． 　 In some cases, the toughest situation may be genuinely disastrous (灾难性的) and it may be perfectly reasonable to fear failure. In other cases, however, this worst case may actually not be that bad, and recognizing this can help.
A. Look at the worse-case situation.
B. It is up to you to decide which one to look at.
C. Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends.
D. Many of us have probably experienced this at one time or another.
E. If you are afraid of failure, you might be uncomfortable setting goals.
F. These should be goals that are slightly, but not overwhelmingly, challenging.
G. Many people experience fear of failure because they fear the unknown.
【答案】36．D；37．G；38．F；39．B；40．A
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，对失败的恐惧会让人不敢尝试甚至潜意识里自我设限，但失败是人生常态，直面它才能收获更丰盛的人生。文章随后给出了五种克服失败恐惧的实用方法：分析所有可能结果、设定小目标、积极思考、以及认清最坏情况其实没那么可怕。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
36．根据空前"Have you ever been so afraid of failing at something that you decided not to try at all Or has fear of failure meant that, subconsciously, you undermined (削弱) your own efforts to avoid the possibility of a larger failure "你有没有因为害怕某件事失败而决定根本不去尝试？还是对失败的恐惧意味着，在潜意识里，你破坏了自己为避免更大失败的可能性所做的努力。讲述了人们害怕失败的现象和背后的心理因素；以及空后"It's important to realize that in everything we do, there's always a chance that we'll fail. "重要的是要认识到，在我们所做的每件事中，总会有失败的机会。可推知此处应该讲失败存在的普遍性， D. Many of us have probably experienced this at one time or another. "我们中的许多人可能曾经经历过这种情况。"承上启下，符合语境，并可引出下文讲人总会有失败的时候。故选D。
37．根据空前"Analyze all potential outcomes. "分析所有潜在结果。可知本段主要讲减少人们对失败恐惧的方法之一——分析事情将产生的所有（好坏）结果，此处应该要分析人们害怕失败的原因， G. Many people experience fear of failure because they fear the unknown. "许多人害怕失败是因为他们害怕未知。"是对段落标题的阐释，符合语境，故选G。
38．根据空前"Set small goals. "设定小目标。可知本段主要讲减少人们对失败恐惧的方法之一——设定小目标；以及"So start by setting a few small goals. "所以，从设定几个小目标开始。可知，此空应该讲具体如何设置小目标，F. These should be goals that are slightly, but not overwhelmingly, challenging."这些目标应该具有轻微的挑战性，但不是压倒性的挑战性。"是对前句的小目标具体解释，符合语境，故选F。
39．根据空前"Learn to think more positively. "学会更积极地思考。可知本段主要讲减少人们对失败恐惧的方法之一——学会更积极地思考；以及"Every coin has two sides."凡事都有两面性。可知此空应该讲积极思考事物两面性后应该怎么做， B. It is up to you to decide which one to look at. "你来决定要看哪一面。"承接上文，符合语境，故选B。
40．根据空后"In some cases, the toughest situation may be genuinely disastrous (灾难性的) and it may be perfectly reasonable to fear failure. In other cases, however, this worst case may actually not be that bad, and recognizing this can help. "在某些情况下，最艰难的情况可能真的是灾难性的，害怕失败可能是完全合理的。然而，在其他情况下，这种最坏的情况实际上可能没有那么糟糕，认识到这一点会有所帮助。可知，本段在谈论最坏的情况， A. Look at the worse-case situation. "看看更糟糕的情况。"符合语境。故选A。
七、阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
There was an old bookstore on the corner of my street. I discovered it one sunny afternoon when I was 41． the neighborhood. The moment I pushed open the door, a unique aroma (芳香) embraced me. The shelves were stuffed with books of every 42． and age. I could see the spines (书脊) of the classic novels of the rare first edition, top commercial bestsellers, and picture books for toddlers. The owner, a middle-aged man with glasses and a warm smile, was busy tidying up. He greeted me and told me to feel free to 43． . I started browsing and was immediately 44． by a collection of old travelogues that seemed to hold the secrets of far-off lands.
Over the following weeks, I became a 45． . I would spend hours there, losing myself in the pages of different books. 46． , the owner would recommend a particular book based on our conversations. His knowledge and passion for literature were truly 47． .
However, change was on the 48． . The city was developing rapidly, and new, modern shops were replacing the old ones. One day, I noticed a sense of 49． in the bookstore. The owner informed me that 50． the skyrocketing rent and the competition from online bookstores, he was struggling to keep the doors open. It seemed that this little shelter of literature might soon disappear.
I was determined not to let that happen. I reached out to my schoolmates and community based groups. We organized a book 51． in front of the bookstore, inviting local authors and artists to participate. We also set up an online crowd funding page to collect donations. People from all over the neighborhood came to show their 52． . They bought books, donated money, and shared their own memories of the bookstore.
Thanks to the collective efforts, we managed to raise enough funds to 53． the rent for a while. The bookstore survived this crisis. A community's love and support can 54． something truly valuable. The old bookstore was not just a place to buy books; it was a cornerstone of our community's cultural and emotional heritage, and it was worth every bit of the 55． to save it.
41．A．decorating B．exploring C．visiting D．cleaning
42．A．image B．column C．version D．category
43．A．set off B．clean up C．look around D．blow up
44．A．fascinated B．confused C．astonished D．frustrated
45．A．funder B．guide C．client D．regular
46．A．Thankfully B．Occasionally C．Desperately D．Consequently
47．A．convincing B．shocking C．inspiring D．touching
48．A．edge B．horizon C．shelf D．decline
49．A．joy B．doubt C．depression D．expectation
50．A．but for B．apart from C．in spite of D．due to
51．A．fair B．cart C．club D．seminar
52．A．concern B．sympathy C．support D．respect
53．A．cover B．increase C．donate D．collect
54．A．distinguish B．preserve C．seek D．bring
55．A．book B．value C．competition D．fight
【答案】41．B；42．D；43．C；44．A；45．D；46．B；47．C；48．B；49．C；50．D；51．A；52．C；53．A；54．B；55．D
【知识点】名词辨析；形容词的词义辨析；动词的词义辨析；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者发现并常去一家老书店，后因租金上涨和网络书店竞争面临关闭，作者和社区共同努力拯救书店的故事。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。
41．句意：在一个阳光明媚的下午，我在探索社区时发现了它。A. decorating装饰；B. exploring探索；C. visiting参观；D. cleaning打扫。根据上文"I discovered it one sunny afternoon"可知，作者是在探索社区时偶然发现这家书店的。故选B。
42．句意：书架上摆满了各种类别和年代的书籍。A. image图像；B. column专栏；C. version版本；D. category类别。根据上文"The shelves were stuffed with books of every"和下文"and age. I could see the spines (书脊) of the classic novels of the rare first edition, top commercial bestsellers, and picture books for toddlers."可知，这里说的是书籍的类别。故选D。
43．句意：他跟我打招呼，让我随意看看。A. set off出发；B. clean up清理；C. look around四处看看；D. blow up爆炸。根据上文"He greeted me and told me to feel free to"和下文"I started browsing"可知，店主让作者随意看看。故选C。
44．句意：我开始浏览，立刻被一堆似乎藏着远方土地秘密的旧旅行日志所吸引。A. fascinated着迷的；B. confused困惑的；C. astonished惊讶的；D. frustrated沮丧的。根据下文"by a collection of old travelogues that seemed to hold the secrets of far-off lands"可知，作者被这些旧旅行日志所吸引。故选A。
45．句意：在接下来的几周里，我成了常客。A. funder资助者；B. guide向导；C. client客户；D. regular常客。根据下文"I would spend hours there, losing myself in the pages of different books. "可知，作者成了这家书店的常客。故选D。
46．句意：偶尔，店主会根据我们的对话推荐一本特别的书。A. Thankfully感激地；B. Occasionally偶尔；C. Desperately绝望地；D. Consequently因此。根据下文"the owner would recommend a particular book based on our conversations"可知，店主偶尔会根据对话推荐书籍。故选B。
47．句意：他对文学的知识和热情确实令人鼓舞。A. convincing令人信服的；B. shocking令人震惊的；C. inspiring鼓舞人心的；D. touching感人的。根据下文"His knowledge and passion for literature"可知，店主对文学的知识和热情令人鼓舞。故选C。
48．句意：然而，变化即将来临。A. edge边缘；B. horizon地平线，即将来临的事物；C. shelf架子；D. decline下降。根据下文"The city was developing rapidly, and new, modern shops were replacing the old ones."可知，变化即将来临。故选B。
49．句意：一天，我注意到书店里有一种压抑的气氛。A. joy快乐；B. doubt怀疑；C. depression压抑；D. expectation期待。根据下文"he was struggling to keep the doors open"可知，书店面临着困境，因此气氛压抑。故选C。
50．句意：店主告诉我，由于租金飞涨和网络书店的竞争，他很难维持营业。A. but for要不是；B. apart from除了；C. in spite of尽管；D. due to由于。根据下文"the skyrocketing rent and the competition from online bookstores, he was struggling to keep the doors open"可知，由于租金飞涨和网络书店的竞争，书店难以维持。故选D。
51．句意：我们在书店前组织了一场书展，邀请当地作家和艺术家参加。A. fair集市；B. cart手推车；C. club俱乐部；D. seminar研讨会。根据下文"in front of the bookstore, inviting local authors and artists to participate"可知，作者他们组织了一场书展。故选A。
52．句意：来自社区各地的人们都来表示支持。A. concern关心；B. sympathy同情；C. support支持；D. respect尊重。根据上文"We also set up an online crowd funding page to collect donations. People from all over the neighborhood came to show their"和下文"They bought books, donated money, and shared their own memories of the bookstore."可知，人们来书店表示支持。故选C。
53．句意：由于大家的共同努力，我们筹集到了足够的资金来支付一段时间的租金。A. cover覆盖，支付；B. increase增加；C. donate捐赠；D. collect收集。根据上文"we managed to raise enough funds"和下文"the rent for a while"可知，筹集到的资金足够支付一段时间的租金。故选A。
54．句意：一个社区的爱和支持可以保存真正有价值的东西。A. distinguish区分；B. preserve保存，保护；C. seek寻找；D. bring带来。根据下文"something truly valuable. The old bookstore was not just a place to buy books; it was a cornerstone of our community's cultural and emotional heritage"可知，社区的支持保护了书店。故选B。
55．句意：这家老书店不仅仅是一个买书的地方；它是我们社区文化和情感遗产的基石，值得为拯救它而斗争。A. book书；B. value价值；C. competition竞争；D. fight斗争。根据上文"They bought books, donated money, and shared their own memories of the bookstore."、"it was worth every bit of the"和下文"to save it"可知，为拯救书店而斗争是值得的。故选D。
八、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Safeguarding Festivals in the Digital Age
Traditional festivals, rooted in centuries of cultural heritage, are facing unprecedented (前所未有的) challenges, because globalization and urbanization　56． 　 (destroy) many practices over the past decades.
Innovative approaches are　57． 　 urgent demand to keep pace with the times. In China,　58． 　 government has taken effective measures to digitize endangered customs. For example, the annual Miao New Year celebration,　59． 　 involves complicated dances, is being recorded through 3D scanning. This enables younger generations　60． 　 (access) heritage engagingly.
Community projects also help to revive traditions. In Fujian's Gutian Town, Hakka villagers partner with　61． 　 (school) to offer hands-on workshops teaching traditional lantern making techniques. Weakly workshops　62． 　 (lead) by heritage experts guide students through 12 craft steps, while encouraging modern elements like solar lighting and digital patterns.
　63． 　 (additional), social media contribute to cultural exchange during festivals like Mid-Autumn, when users worldwide share　64． 　 (they) celebration of family reunion and harvest. These digital interactions preserve traditions, ensuring　65． 　 (price) heritage evolves with technology.
【答案】56．have destroyed；57．in；58．the；59．which；60．to access；61．schools；62．led；63．Additionally；64．their；65．precious
【知识点】定冠词；现在完成时；主谓一致；说明文；社会文化类
【解析】·【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在数字时代如何保护传统节日及其文化。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及时态，主谓一致，介词，冠词，定语从句，非谓语动词，名词，副词，代词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。
56．句意：由于全球化和城市化在过去几十年里破坏了许多传统习俗，传统节日常植根于几个世纪的文化遗产，正面临着前所未有的挑战。destroy，毁坏，动词。根据时间状语"over the past decades"可知，destroy"破坏"这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，时态应用现在完成进行时have/has been doing，主语"globalization and urbanization"是复数，因此助动词用have。故填have destroyed。
57．句意：迫切需要创新的方法来跟上时代的步伐。此处表示"（非常）需要"，in (urgent) demand，固定短语，符合语境。故填in。
58．句意：在中国，政府已经采取了有效措施将濒危习俗数字化。此处特指"中国政府"，因此用定冠词the。故填the。
59．句意：例如，每年一度的苗族新年庆祝活动，包括复杂的舞蹈，正在通过3D扫描进行记录。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the annual Miao New Year celebration，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，因此用关系代词which引导。故填which。
60．句意：这使得年轻一代能够以一种吸引人的方式接触到文化遗产。access，名词（通道/入口/接近/使用的机会/访问）；动词（使用/获取/访问）。此处表示 "使某人能够做某事" ，enable sb to do sth，固定短语，故空处应用动词不定式。故填to access。
61．句意：在福建古田镇，客家村民与学校合作，提供实践工作坊，教授传统灯笼制作技术。school，学校/学院/学派，名词。空处在句中作介词with的宾语，且此处泛指多所学校，应用其复数形式。故填schools。
62．句意：由遗产专家领导的每周工作坊引导学生完成12个工艺步骤，同时鼓励他们加入太阳能照明和数字图案等现代元素。lead，领导/带领/引领，动词。空处为非谓语且在句中作后置定语修饰名词guide，动词lead与其逻辑主语guide构成逻辑上的被动关系，故空处应用过去分词作后置定语。故填led。
63．句意：此外，社交媒体在中秋节等节日期间促进了文化交流，全球用户分享他们庆祝家庭团聚和丰收的场景。additional，额外的/附加的/补充的，形容词。空处在句中作状语修饰整个句子，应用其副词形式，句首首字母大写。故填Additionally。
64．句意：此外，社交媒体在中秋节等节日期间促进了文化交流，全球用户分享他们庆祝家庭团聚和丰收的场景。they，他们/她们/它们，主格。空处修饰名词celebration，因此用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
65．句意：这些数字互动保护了传统，确保珍贵的遗产随着技术而发展。price，价格，名词。空处在句中做前置定语修饰名词heritage，且表示"珍贵的"，precious，形容词，符合语境。故填precious。
九、第一节 根据所给中文及单词首字母写出单词的正确形式。
66．The company's f　 　 (财务的) performance improved significantly after implementing new management strategies.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】financial
【知识点】作前置定语；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：在实施新的管理策略后，这家公司的财务业绩有了显著改善。空处表示"财务的"，financial，形容词，做前置定语修饰名词performance，符合语境。故填financial。【点评】考查形容词financial的识记运用以及形容词做前置定语修饰名词。注意：首先，明确句子的主语、谓语、宾语等基本成分，判断空格在句子中的位置。根据句子结构和上下文语境，判断空格处应填入的词性。若空格处需填形容词作前置定语，则进一步分析应填形容词的具体内容和含义，根据上下文语境和句意，选择最符合句意的形容词。
67．He couldn't help but f　 　 (皱眉) when he saw the mess his children had made in the living room. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】frown
【知识点】固定短语
【解析】【分析】句意：当看到孩子们把客厅弄得一团糟时，他忍不住皱起了眉头。空处表示"皱眉"，frown，动词，此处表示"忍不住做某事/不得不做某事"，couldn't help but do sth，固定搭配，故空处应用动词原形。故填frown。【点评】考查动词frown的识记运用以及固定搭配couldn't help but do sth。注意：固定短语或者搭配有其固定的结构和用法，包括词序、词性搭配等。在解题时，要注意短语的结构特点，确保填入的词与短语的其他部分在词性和词序上相匹配。
68．The teacher used several examples to i　 　 (阐明) the complex concept of photosynthesis. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】illustrate
【知识点】固定短语；动词原形；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：老师用了几个例子来阐明光合作用的复杂概念。空处表示"阐明"，illustrate，动词，此处表示"使用......做某事"，use sth to do sth，固定搭配，空处位于不定式符号to后，应用动词原形。故填illustrate。【点评】考查动词illustrate的识记运用，非谓语动词（动词不定式）以及固定搭配use sth to do sth。注意：固定搭配：illustrate a concept/theory阐明概念/理论；illustrate with examples用例子说明。同义词：explain, clarify, demonstrate。
69．All the figures i　 　 (表明) that we can expect heavy rain later this afternoon. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】indicate
【知识点】一般现在时；主谓一致
【解析】【分析】句意：所有的数据表明，今天下午晚些时候会有大雨。空处表示"表明"，indicate，动词，空处为主句的谓语，此处陈述一般性事实，故谓语时态为一般现在时，主语figures是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填indicate。【点评】考查动词indicate的识记运用，时态（一般现在时）以及主谓一致。注意：1. 识别谓语动词。首先，需要确定空格处是否需要填入谓语动词。这通常取决于句子的结构和语境。如果句子中缺少谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词但所填动词与之构成并列关系，则空格处应填入谓语动词。2.确定时态。（1）寻找时间状语；如果没有明确的时间状语，则需要根据上下文语境中的时态来确定空格处的时态。（2）理解时态的基本用法。3. 确定语态。4. 主谓一致。确保谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致：主语为单数时，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。注意第三人称单数形式的变化规则。5. 注意动词的变形。
70．The o　 　 (持续进行的) research project aims to find a cure for the rare disease. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】ongoing
【知识点】作前置定语；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：这项持续进行的研究项目旨在找到治疗这种罕见疾病的方法。空处表示"持续进行的"，ongoing，形容词，做前置定语修饰名词短语research project，符合语境。故填ongoing。【点评】考查形容词ongoing的识记运用以及形容词做前置定语修饰名词。注意：（1）分析句子结构，定位修饰对象。首先需明确空白处修饰的名词。若空白后紧跟名词，通常需填入形容词。（2）结合上下文，判断形容词含义。根据语境选择符合逻辑的形容词。（3）注意词性转换。（4）验证答案合理性。将答案代入句子，检查是否符合语法规则及语境逻辑。
71．She was awarded a full s　 　 (奖学金) for her outstanding academic achievements. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】scholarship
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：她因学业成绩优异而获得全额奖学金。空处表示"奖学金"，scholarship，可数名词，空处在句中作宾语且被a修饰，应用其单数形式。故填scholarship。【点评】考查名词scholarship的识记运用。注意：固定搭配：award/grant a scholarship授予奖学金；win/receive a scholarship获得奖学金；full/partial scholarship全额/部分奖学金。同义词：fellowship研究奖学金，bursary助学金，英式英语。
72．He bought a beautiful s　 　 (纪念品) to remind him of his trip to Paris. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】souvenir
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：他买了一个漂亮的纪念品，以提醒他自己的巴黎之旅。空处表示"纪念品"，souvenir，可数名词，空处在句中作宾语且被a修饰，应用其单数形式。故填souvenir。【点评】考查名词souvenir的识记运用。注意：语境对于名词的填空至关重要。在填空时，要紧密结合上下文语境，理解句子的整体意思，从而准确判断应填入的名词。名词在句子中可以担任多种成分，如主语、宾语、定语等。在填空时，要根据句子的结构和意思判断名词在句子中的成分，从而选择正确的名词形式。
十、第二节 根据句意，用所给单词的正确形式填空。
73．The detailed 　 　 (analyze) of the data reveals some surprising trends in consumer behavior. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】analysis
【知识点】主谓一致；构词法；可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：对数据的详细分析揭示了消费者行为中一些令人惊讶的趋势。analyze，分析，动词。空处在句中作主语，且表示"分析"，analysis，可数名词，根据主谓一致原则以及reveals可知，空处主语应用其单数形式。故填analysis。【点评】考查名词analysis的识记运用，构词法（转化法）以及主谓一致。注意：1. 固定搭配。analyze the causes of...分析…的原因；be analyzed by...通过…方法分析；make/conduct an analysis of...对…进行分析；in the final analysis归根结底；data analysis数据分析。2. 近义词辨析：analyze强调系统性、科学性的分析；examine普通用语，指仔细检查；evaluate侧重评估价值或效果。
74．During the debate, he presented a compelling 　 　(argue) that won over many of the audience members. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】argument
【知识点】构词法；可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：在辩论中，他提出了一个令人信服的论点，说服了许多听众。argue，争论/争吵/争辩/论证，动词。空处在句中作宾语，且表示"论点"，argument，可数名词，空处被a修饰，应用其单数形式。故填argument。【点评】考查名词argument的识记运用以及构词法（转化法）。注意：1.通读全文，理解大意：把握文章主题和逻辑关系，避免孤立解题。2.分析句子，确定词性：根据空缺处所在句子成分（如主语、定语、状语）判断所需词性。3.根据语义，确定词形：结合提示词和上下文，选择合适的词性转换形式。4.检查搭配，前后连贯：验证所填词与周围词汇的搭配是否合理，确保语篇连贯。
75．The company celebrated its commitment to 　 　(diver

展开更多......

收起↑