资源简介

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
初中语法之宾语从句
考点：
引导宾语从句的连词和代词的选择
宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的时态
宾语从句的概念
宾语从句是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语，位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。
宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。如：
①形容词的宾语从句：I am glad that you can join us.
②介词的宾语从句：She is angry at what you did.
③动词的宾语从句：He said that he was listening to me.
宾语从句的连接词
that
连接代词和连接副词
if/ whether
1.1 that 的用法：that 引导的宾语从句通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）、介词或形容词之后。
1.2 引导宾语从句的连词that 通常可以省略。
e.g: She said (that) she would come to the meeting. 他说过要来开会的
1.3 引导词 that 不能省略的几种情况
① 从句的主语是 that 时，that 不能省略
e.g: We know that that is an interesting film. 我们知道那是一部有趣的电影。
② and 连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时，有时省去第一个从句的连词 that，但第二个从句的连词 that 一般不可以省略。
He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice.
他告诉我他们决定不了去做什么并且问了我的意见。
③that 引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that 不能省略
I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. 对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。
2.1 疑问代词和疑问副词的用法
特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，由疑问词 when, who, what, where, whatever, who, how, which, why等引导。
2.1.1 连接代词引导的宾语从句
连接代词在宾语从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语
作主语：
who： Do you know who will come this afternoon
What: I don’t know what causes the trouble.
Which: The editor decides which will be the most important story on the front page.
作宾语
what : Did you hear what she said
whom: I asked him whom they had chosen.
作表语
Who：Please tell me who that girl is.
Whose: I don’t know whose it is.
作定语
Which: Could you tell me which gate we have to go to
What: Have you decided what music you’d like us to play at the party
Whichever: You may take whichever book will interest you.
2.1.1 连接副词引导的宾语从句
When：We didn’t know when she would come back.
Where: None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.
How: Could you please tell me how you use the new washing machine
3.1 if/whether 的用法
当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，常用 if或 whether 引导宾从。二者一般情况下可以互换。
如：
I wonder if/ whether he is a driver. 我想知道他是不是个司机。
Alice wants to know if/ whether she has passed the exam. 爱丽丝想知道她是否考试及格了。
注意：只用 whether 的情况
与 or 连用
I don’t know whether or not they will come.
Let me know whether you can come or not.
在动词不定式前只能用 whether
He doesn’t know whether to go or not. 他不知道是否会去。
Please tell me whether to go or not.
在介词之后
It depends on whether I have enough time.
Success depends on whether we make enough effort.
位于句首
Whether this is true, I can’t say.
Whether he is single, I don’t know.
某些动词之后，如 discuss, decide等
We discussed whether we should close the shop.
We discussed whether we should hold a meeting.
宾语从句的语序
宾语从句用陈述语序。
e.g: Do you know when Ann is going to Iran 你知道 Ann什么时候去伊朗吗？
Can you tell me what I should do 你能告诉我，我该怎么办吗？
Please tell me where you went yesterday. 请告诉我你昨天去哪里了。
练习
一、用that, if ,whether 或恰当的特殊疑问词填空。
1.Let’ s discuss______we can get to the top of the mountain.
2.We’ re talking about______we’ ll go to the biggest island.
3.I wonder_______it will be sunny tomorrow.
4.I’m sure_______we can win the game.
5.The teacher was very glad______so many students attended the meeting.
6. I doubt_______he will succeed.
7.Can you tell me_______he can arrive here on time
8.We really don’t know_______to go or not.
9.Our country is quite different from_______it was twenty years ago.
10. I didn’t know______he would come here.
二、单项选择。
11.I didn’t know____they could pass the exam or not.
A. that B. what C. which D.whether
12.Can you tell me_____
A. which class you are in B. which class are you in
C.you are in which class D.are you in which class
13. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shopkeeper______Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book.
A. that B.how C. what D. if
14.--Do you know _____Miss Gao will leave --Tomorrow morning.
A. when B.what C. who D.where
15.--Could you tell me______to have the meeting tonight
--At the meeting room on the third floor.
A. why B.how C. when D.where
16.--Do you know_____he is going to stay in London
--No, I don’ t. Maybe a few days.
A. when B.how long C.where D.how far
17.--Excuse me.Could you tell me______ --Certainly.
A. when can I get to the station B. I can get to which station
C. which station can I get to D.how I can get to the station
18.Could you tell us______it snows in winter in Australia
A. which B. if C. where D. what
19.He asked his father_____he was not able to hatch chickens while the hens could.
A. why B. if C.that D.what
20.Could you tell me where_____yesterday
A. did you go B.you go C. you have gone D.you went
21.Tom asked me________
A. whose shirt was this B. whose shirt this was
C. who shirt was this D.who shirt this was
22.I’ m glad_______you have passed the exam.
A. if B.that C.whether D.what
23.We asked our English teacher______
A. how will we have a rest B. how we will have a rest
C. when would we have a rest D.when we would have a rest
24.It seemed_____the birds were going to win.
A. if B.that C. when D.where
25.Excuse me, could you tell me______
A. where' s the teachers' office B.where' s the bus station
C. what's she doing D.where the post office is
26.The Shutes didn’t know_____they would arrive in Hong Kong.
A. that B.when C. what D.which
27.Could you tell me____we shall get to the museum
A. how B. whether C.where D.what
28.The teacher says _____she will leave a message on the desk.
A. that B.what C.who D.whom
29.He asked me_____I knew French.
A. that B. if C.as D. what
30.Do you know_____daughter she is
A. whose B.whom C.what D.who
31.Could you tell me_____the nearest bus stop is
A. when B. where C. what D. who
32.I want to see Mrs. Wang, but I don’ t know_____.
A. she lives where B.she where lives
C. where she lives D. where does she live
33. I don’ t know______or not I have passed the exam.
A. if B. whether C.that D.weather
34.--Do you know_____the population of Chongqing____ --Certainly.
A. what; is B.how much; is C. what's; / D. how many; are
35.Sara wanted to know______her grandfather liked the bag.
A. that B. if C.which D.what
36. I don’t know______I can do for you.
A. whether B. what C.if D. how
37.Do you know______she knows it (Which is not right )
A. what B. if C.when D.how
38.Boys and girls, did you hear_____I said
A. that B.what C. it D.those
39.Have you decided_____ for London
A. when will you leave B.when you will leave
C. when are you going D.when you are going
40. I don’t know_____he doesn't like the book.
A. whether B. if C. that D. how
41.Excuse me.Could you tell me_____our tickets
A. where do we show B. where shall we show
C. where did we show D. where we shall show
42.-- What are you interested in about cooking food
-- We are all interested in_____·
A. how egg is fried B.how is egg fried
C. how egg fries D.how does egg fry
43. Do you know______
A. what it is B.what is it C. who is he D.whose name is it
44.Do you know__
A. whose book is this B. whose book this is
C.this book is whose D.who’ s book this is
45. I don’t know______now.
A. where is my cat B.my cat is where
C. where my cat is D.where my cat
46. Does he know__
A. what's your name B. what name is your
C. what your is name D.what your name is
47. Do you know__
A. which floor he lives B.which floor he lives on
C. he lives on which floor D. which floor does he lives on
48.Tell me where____
A. is the hospital B.the hospital is
C. is hospital D. hospital is
49.He hasn't decided_____.
A. if he’ll go on a trip to Wu xi B.when will he go on a trip to Wu xi
C. if he went on a trip to Wu xi D.when does he go on a trip to Wu xi
50.Can you see_____
A. what he' s reading B. what is he reading
C. what does he read D.he reads what
51. I don't know______he will come tomorrow._____he comes, I'll tell you .
A. if; Whether B.whether; Whether
C. if; That D.if; If
52.I don't know____the day after tomorrow.
A. when does he come B. how will he come
C. if he comes D.whether he'll come
53.Could you tell me_____the nearest hospital is
A. what B.how C. whether D.where
54.Could you tell me_____the radio without any help
A. how did he mend B. what did he mend
C. how he mended D.what he mended
55. I want to know_____
A. whom is she looking after B. whom she is looking
C. whom is she looking D. whom she is looking after
56.Do you know where___now
A. he lives B.does he live C.he lived D. did he live
57.Do you know what time__
A. the train leave B.does the train leave
C. will the train leave D. the train leaves
58. I don't know____.Can you tell me, please
A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players
C. the two players are how old D.how old the two players are
59.The small children don't know____
A. what is their stockings in B.what is in their stockings
C. where is their stockings in D.what in their stockings
60. I can't understand_____
A. what does Christmas mean B. what Christmas does mean
C. what mean Christmas does D.what Christmas means
参考答案
一、用 that, if, whether 或恰当的特殊疑问词填空
1.whether
2.whether
3.if / whether
4.that
5.that
6.if / whether
7.if / whether
8.whether
9.what
10.if / whether / when
二、单项选择
11-15. DADAD
16-20 BDBAD
21-25 BBDBD
26-30 BAABA
31-35 BCBAB
36-40 BABBC
41-45 DAABC
46-50 DBBAA
51-55 DDDCD
56-60 ADDBD

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