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(共51张PPT)
必修第一册
教 材 词 汇 复 习
Unit 4　Natural Disasters
——话题：自然灾害——
第一层教材夯基提能
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1.____________ n.灾难;灾害
2.____________ n.旱灾;久旱
3.__________ vi.&vt.(slid, slid) (使)滑行;滑动
4.___________ n.洪水;大量vi.淹没;大量涌入vt.使灌满水;淹没
5.volcanic eruption火山喷发　　
6.___________ n.&vt.营救;救援
　disaster　
　drought　
　slide　
　flood　
　rescue　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
7._____________ vt.损害;破坏n.损坏;损失
8._____________ vt.摧毁;毁灭
9.evacuate vt.疏散;撤出vi.撤离
10._____________ n.避难处;居所;庇护vt.保护;掩蔽vi.躲避 (风雨或危险)
11.crack n.裂纹;裂缝vi.&vt.(使)破裂
12._________ n.气体;燃气;汽油
13._________ n.砖;砖块
　damage　
　destroy　
　shelter　
　gas　
　brick　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
14.__________ n.金属
15.__________ vt.使落入险境;使陷入圈套n.险境;陷阱
16.__________ vt.埋葬;安葬
17.___________ n.努力;艰难的尝试;尽力
18.unify vi.&vt.统一;(使)成一体
19._____________ n.上下文;语境;背景
20.____________ n.供应(量);补给;[pl.] 补给品vt.供应;供给
　metal　
　trap　
　bury　
　effort　
　context　
　supply　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
21.tap vi.&vt.轻叩;轻敲;轻拍n.水龙头;轻叩;轻敲
22.__________ n.管子;管道
23.whistle vi.吹口哨;发出笛声 vt.吹口哨 n.哨子(声);呼啸声
24.__________ adj.镇静的;沉着的 vt.使平静;使镇静
25._________ n.援助;帮助;救援物资vi.&vt.(formal) 帮助;援助
26.________ n.成套工具;成套设备
27.________ vt.&vi.碰撞;撞击;(计算机)瘫痪 n.撞车;碰撞
　pipe　
　calm　
　aid　
　kit　
　crash　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
28.____________ vt.&vi.(swept, swept) 打扫;清扫
29._________ n.海浪;波浪vi.&vt.挥手;招手
30._________ vi.&vt.(struck, struck/stricken) 侵袭;突击;击打n.罢工;罢课;袭击
31.________________ n.总结;概括;概要
　sweep　
　wave　
　strike　
　summary　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
一、单词拼写
1.The kitchen was well stocked with a large s________ of fresh vegetables and fruit for the coming guests.
2.The brave firefighter risked his own life to r_______ three children from the burning house yesterday.
3.Insurance companies often charge extra to cover floods, earthquakes, or other natural d____________.
4.It s_______ me that my friend’s odd behaviour probably arose from the
upply
escue
isasters
truck
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
stress from her new job.
5.Looking at the sun directly without sunglasses can do d_______ to your eyes.
6.The sun has been glaring like that for a whole month. The lakes and wells all dried up during the d__________.
7.It’s important to keep __________(镇静的) in an emergency; panicking will not solve any problems.
8.It almost drove me crazy when my computer ___________(瘫痪) again.
amage
rought
　calm　
　crashed　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
9.Some parents are just so protective that they want to ___________(保护) their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.
10.It was a real team __________(努力)—everyone contributed something to the success of the project.
11.You are supposed to guess the meaning of the word according to the 　____________ (上下文).
12.I just couldn’t afford time to read the whole book, so I just went through a _____________(概要) on the Internet.
　shelter　
　effort　
context　
　summary　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
13.He scored the winning goal just seconds before the final __________(哨声).The audience burst out cheering.
14.You can _________(滑动) your finger across the screen to unlock your phone.Let me show you.
　whistle　
　slide　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1.wise adj.英明的;有智慧的;有才智的→____________ n.智慧;才智
2.survive vi.生存;存活vt.幸存;艰难度过→____________ n.幸存;继续生存→survivor n.幸存者
3.die vi.死;死亡→_________ n.死;死亡→dead adj.死的;无生命的→deadly adj.非常有效的;致命的
4.____________ vt.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动→affection n.钟爱;喜爱
　wisdom　
　survival　
　death　
　affect　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
5.shock vt.(使)震惊 n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克→shocking adj.令人震惊的→______________ adj.震惊的
6.____________ n.电;电能→electric adj.电动的;用电的→electrical adj.电的;与电有关的
7.___________ vt.&vi.呼吸→breath n.呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的,喘不过气来的→breathlessly adv.气喘吁吁地;屏息地
8.revive vt.&vi.复活;(使)苏醒→____________n.振兴;复苏
9.____________ vt.遭受;蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n.痛苦;苦难
　shocked　
　electricity　
　breathe　
　revival　
　suffer　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
10.erupt vi.&vt.(火山)爆发;(岩浆、烟等)喷出→_____________ n.(火山)爆发
11.power n.电力供应;能量;力量;控制力→___________adj.强有力的;有势力的→powerless adj.无力的;无能为力的;无权力的
12._____________ n.突发事件;紧急情况→emergent adj.新兴的;处于发展初期的→emerge vi.出现;浮现
13.deliver vt.&vi.递送;传达vt.发表→_____________ n.递送;传达
　eruption　
　powerful　
　emergency　
　delivery　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
14.length n.长;长度→long adj.长的→_____________vt.使延长;加长
→lengthy adj. 漫长的;冗长的
15.percent n.百分之…… adj.&adv.每一百中→______________ n.百分比;百分率
　percentage　
　lengthen　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
二、单句语法填空
1._____________ (wise) is the ability to make sensible decisions and give good advice because of the experience and knowledge that one has.
2.In the old days, the old man endured endless ______________(suffer)—hardships that marked his spirit yet left him unbroken.
3.The news that the athlete failed in the marathon due to a serious injury made us ______________(shock).
　Wisdom　
　sufferings　
　shocked　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
4.Luckily, Tom survived the terrible car crash but he was the only
______________(survive) of the accident.
5.With the government’s aid, those __________(affect) by the earthquake have moved to new shelters.
6.We measured the ___________(long) of the living room and found it was 6.3 metres long.
7.I felt _____________(power) as I watched the storm ravage our garden, uprooting trees and destroying flowers.
　survivor　
　affected　
　length　
　powerless　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
8.Natural disasters, such as typhoons, tsunamis and floods, cause
thousands of ____________(die) each year.
9.The organisation is conducting a survey on what ______________　(percent) of women return to work after having a baby.
10.Finally, I managed to reach the top of the mountain but I was 　______________ (breath).However, the beautiful scenery was worth it.
11.Recently, there has been some __________(revive) of interest in ancient music.
　deaths　
　percentage
breathless　
　revival　
第一步：理词汇　　词汇过关(基础＋拓展)
12.You can pay for the carpet on/upon _____________(deliver), which is
convenient and flexible.
13.The healthcare workers rushed to the scene of the accident after receiving an _____________(emergent) call.
　emergency　
　delivery　
第二步:辨短语　 　短语点兵(必会+出彩)
必会短语
1.似乎;好像;仿佛　　___________　
2.严重受损;破败不堪 ______________　
3.震惊;吃惊 ____________　
4.露天;在户外 __________________　
5.急救箱 first aid kit
6.现有(尤指帮助) _____________　
7.消灭;彻底消除;扫除 __________________　
　as if
　in ruins
　in shock
　in the open air
　on hand
　sweep away
第二步:辨短语　 　短语点兵(必会+出彩)
出彩短语
1.come to an end 结束;终结
2.blow away 吹走
3.slide/steal/sneak into 偷偷溜进
4.stay away from 远离
5.come to one’s ____________前来营救某人
6.shelter/protect... from... 保护……免受……
　rescue　
第二步:辨短语　 　短语点兵(必会+出彩)
7.________ usual像往常一样
8.cut___________抄近路穿过
9.dig out挖出;发现
10.get (back) up________ one’s feet重新站起来
11.in___________ of在……的时候
12.make an effort/efforts to do sth努力做某事
13.pull away开始驶离
　as　
　across　
　on　
　times　
第二步:辨短语　 　短语点兵(必会+出彩)
14.stay ____________保持积极/乐观
15.crash into... 撞上;闯入……
e to ___________上台;执政
17.calm down平静下来
18.have an effect_______... 对……产生影响
19.in all directions四面八方
20.out of gratitude出于感激
21._______________ 仅仅;只是
　positive　
　power　
　on　
　nothing but　
第二步:辨短语　 　短语点兵(必会+出彩)
三、短语填空
1.We haven’t cleaned the house for a few days, because we don’t want to
______________(扫除) good luck.
2.It is reported that an old couple has ____________(挖出) a lot of gold coins in their own yard.
3.Whether their wedding ceremony will be held _________________(在户外) tomorrow depends on the weather.
　sweep away　
　dug out　
　in the open air　
第二步:辨短语　 　短语点兵(必会+出彩)
4.The stadium and the gym lay ____________(破败不堪) after the big fire caused by careless smoking.
5.Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of me. I was completely
___________(震惊), not knowing what to do.
6.There was simply no bandage ____________(现有). Let’s find a piece of cloth instead.
7.After the earthquake, Tangshan began to revive itself and
_______________________(重新站起来).
　in ruins　
　in shock　
　on hand　
　get back up on its feet　
第二步:辨短语　 　短语点兵(必会+出彩)
8.To catch the bus, I ______________(抄近路穿过) the field and rushed onto the main road.
9.A troop of soldiers and many volunteers ____________________(前来营救我们) after the big flood hit our village.
10.The new president took a series of measures to develop the nation’s economy after he ___________________(上台).
11.A friend is a person who you can lean on when you are ____________ (在……的时候) trouble.
　cut across　
　came to our rescue　
　came to power　
　in times of　
第二步:辨短语　 　短语点兵(必会+出彩)
12.You’d better wear sunglasses to _________________your eyes _______　(保护……免受……) the glaring sun.
13.Global warming is __________________________________________　(对……产生重大影响) all the living creatures on the planet.
14.For miles and miles I could see ________________(仅仅) a vast, empty land, with no green or souls in sight.
　shelter/protect　
　from
　having a great effect/influence/impact on
　nothing but　
第三步:明句式　 　句式提升(经典+仿写)
1.[课文原句]Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings.
鸡甚至猪都紧张得不能吃东西,狗也拒绝进入建筑物内。
[句式]too... to... 太……而不能……
[仿写]这辆自行车太重,他无法控制,尤其是当他在拥挤的城市街道上穿行时。
The bike is____________________________, especially when he navigates through the crowded streets of the city.
　too heavy for him to control　
第三步:明句式　 　句式提升(经典+仿写)
2.[课文原句] It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!仿佛世界末日即将来临!
[句式]as if (=as though) 引导表语从句
[仿写]房子看起来好像就要倒塌了,它的窗户玻璃碎了,墙壁裂了。
The house looked______________________________________, its window glass shattered and walls cracked.
　as if/though it was about to fall down　
第三步:明句式　 　句式提升(经典+仿写)
3.[课文原句] Thousands of children were left without parents.成千上万的孩子失去了父母。
[句式]leave复合结构
[仿写]突如其来的暴风雨让这个村庄连续数日断电断水。
The sudden storm __________________________________or clean water for days.
　left the village without electricity　
第三步:明句式　 　句式提升(经典+仿写)
4.[课文原句] I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
我正和三个孩子一起吃早餐,这时水开始灌进我家里。
[句式]sb was doing sth when... 某人正在做某事,这时……
[仿写]我们正乘车行进着,这时轮胎爆了。
We ___________________________we had a burst tyre.
　were rolling along when　
第三步:明句式　 　句式提升(经典+仿写)
5.[课文原句]The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday, killing more than 6,500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries.
昨天,40年来最强烈的地震引发的海啸袭击了亚洲各地的海岸线,造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及至少其他4个国家6 500多人死亡。
[句式]现在分词短语作结果状语
第三步:明句式　 　句式提升(经典+仿写)
[仿写]为了给国家赢得荣誉,即使在比赛中受伤,他也没有放弃,为其他人
树立了一个好榜样。
To win an honour for his country, he didn’t give up even if he got injured in the race,________________________________.
　setting a good example for others　
第四步:析语篇　 　课文填空(改编+考点)
Strange things had happened before the Tangshan Earthquake happened. The well walls had deep cracks. At least one well had some 1.　_________ (smell) gas coming out of it. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous 2._________ (eat). At about 3:00 a.m., 3.________ 28 July 1976, everything began to shake. 4._____ seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, a large city lay in 5._________ (ruin). Two thirds of the people were dead or 6.__________ (injure). Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. People were 7.____________ (shock) at this and wondered how long the disaster
smelly　
　to eat　
　on　
　It　
　ruins　
　injured　
　shocked　
第四步:析语篇　 　课文填空(改编+考点)
would last.
The army organised teams to dig out those 8._________ were trapped and to bury the dead. Workers built shelters for 9.___________ (survive). Fresh water was taken to the city. Slowly, the city began to breathe again. With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people, a new Tangshan 10.______________ (build) upon the earthquake ruins.
　who　
　survivors　
　was built　
第二层高考拓展视角
第二层高考拓展视角
Ⅰ.阅读理解障碍词(写出黑体词的词性和中文意思以及黑体短语的中文意思)
1.[2025·新全国Ⅰ卷]Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate(碳酸钙) to trap the plastics._____________　
2.[2025.1·浙江全国Ⅰ卷]There’s no value in delivering any kind of communication, whether written, spoken, formal, or informal, if the message doesn’t come across clearly. ____________　
3.[2023·新全国Ⅱ卷]Besides, working in the garden seems to have a
　v.聚集,捕获
　v.传递
第二层高考拓展视角
calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues.__________________ 　
4.[2023·新全国Ⅱ卷] From a 21st century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery powered e reader._________________ 　
5.[2022·新全国Ⅱ卷] Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
____________　
6.[2022.1·浙江卷] Data collection was a lengthy process.______________
　adj.让人镇定的
　adj.电池供电的
　n. 浪潮
　adj.漫长的
第二层高考拓展视角
7.The manager tapped the potential of social media to promote her products, resulting in a significant increase in customer engagement and sales.___________ 　
8.Thanks to my English teacher who spares no effort to help me, I have made enormous progress in my spoken and written English.
____________　
9.The wind and rain did much damage to the palace, but the villagers just let it fall into ruin._____________________ 　　
　v.利用
　不遗余力
　(因缺乏照料而)败落
第二层高考拓展视角
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.A few days later, the machine __________________(deliver) to Mrs Meredith’s doorstep. And it wasn’t long before they got the hang of using the machine to make popcorn.
2.The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees ______________ (suffer) the greatest water shortage.
3.Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the ____________(long) of the runs.
　was delivered　
　had suffered
　length　
第二层高考拓展视角
4._________________ (rescue) so many people from the burning building, the firefighter is considered to be one of the most respectable people in my mind.
　Having rescued　
第二层高考拓展视角
Ⅲ.词汇与高考写作链接
1.赏词猜义(写出黑体词的词性和中文意思以及黑体短语的中文意思)
(1)She couldn’t understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food.__________ 　
(2)In the context of this discussion, it seems valuable to first find out the cause of change in the case of parents’ involvement with their grown children.__________ 　
　n.住处
　n.背景
第二层高考拓展视角
(3)They remained on the terrace(露天平台) after dinner, enjoying the calm of the evening._________________ 　
(4)As an old saying goes, “Strike the iron while it’s hot.” You’d better go over what you have learned as soon as possible.________ 　
(5)The disease affects many different organs of his body.
____________________　
(6)When we visited the old family home, past sweet memories came flooding back.______________________
　n.安静,宁静
　v.打
　v.(疾病)侵袭;使感染
(记忆或感情)突然涌现
第二层高考拓展视角
2.完成句子
(1)As we can see, so many traffic jams___________________________ (已经给……造成巨大的损害) our daily lives, which calls for immediate attention and practical solutions.
(2)Life isn’t about ___________________________(如何挺过暴风雨); it’s about learning to dance in the rain.
(3)The competition will ___________________you ________(给……提供……) a chance to develop your creativity and build friendships with
　have done great damage to　
　how to survive the storm　
　supply/provide　
　with　
第二层高考拓展视角
other students who share the same interest with you.
(4)If I am granted the chance, I will ___________________________(尽我所能) to live up to your expectations.
(5)__________________________ (被他的故事所影响), many young people were inspired by his enthusiasm and
__________________________________________(自愿为弱势群体做一点事).
　do everything in my power　
　Affected by his story　
　volunteered to do a bit for the disadvantaged　
第二层高考拓展视角
(6)She ____________________________(双手掩面) and _______________　(痛哭起来) when she heard the bad news.I stood by, not knowing what to do.
(7)Whenever I look back on my first trip to the West Lake, the past scene crowds in on me so clearly _____________________________________(就像发生在昨天一样).
(8)It is evident that adversity makes man, and those who have
_______________________________(经历过巨大困难) are more likely to undertake some tough assignments.
　buried her face in her hands　
　sobbed bitterly
　as if/as though it happened yesterday　
　gone through great hardships　
第二层高考拓展视角
3.品词赏句
(1)Hearing the news that her friend was dead, she was so shocked that she couldn’t say a word, tears rolling down her cheeks.
听到她朋友去世的消息,她震惊得一句话也说不出来,眼泪顺着她的脸颊滚落下来。
(2)Tears swirling in his eyes, David raised his head, and looked at me as if he would say something, but lowered his head once again.
泪水在眼睛里打转,大卫抬起头,看着我,好像要说些什么,但又低下了头。
第二层高考拓展视角
(3)A little girl was walking on the beach when she found a shell, and held it to her ear.
一个小女孩正在沙滩上散步,这时她发现了一个贝壳,然后把它放在耳旁。
(4)It has to be noticed that our earth is suffering.It’s high time that we did something to protect it from being further damaged.
我们必须注意到,我们的地球正在遭受苦难。现在是我们该采取措施保护它免受进一步破坏的时候了。
第二层高考拓展视角
4.语篇美文
假定你是李华,上周日你们学校组织师生观看了关于如何在自然灾害中自救的纪录片。请写一篇新闻报道,发表在校英文报上,内容包括:
(1)活动目的;(2)纪录片介绍;(3)活动效果。
注意:
(1)写作词数应为80左右;(2)可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
第二层高考拓展视角
[参考范文]
Students Learn Self Rescue Skills from the Documentary
Last Sunday, all the teachers and students at our school gathered to watch a documentary about survival skills during natural disasters. The activity aimed to raise our safety awareness and enhance our self rescue abilities.
The documentary, which began at 9:00 a.m., opened with images of major historical earthquakes, setting the stage for the vital information
第二层高考拓展视角
that followed. Throughout the documentary, we learned valuable first aid techniques and methods for rescuing ourselves and others. The experience proved to be both educational and thought provoking, underscoring the importance of self rescue. As a result, many students expressed their intention to share the knowledge they had gained with their families.

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